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1 chaparros
See chaps -
2 chaparral
(Sp. model spelled same [t∫aparal] < chaparro 'short, stubby' probably of pre-Roman origin, and apparently related to the dialectal Basque term txapar(ra), a diminutive of saphar(ra) 'thicket' or 'hedge' plus the Spanish collective suffix -al)Texas: 1842. As Watts observes, it appears that this term originally applied exclusively to the scrub oak. It now refers to a number of thicket-forming, often thorny shrubs or small trees, and to a large dense thicket formed by these plants. It may also refer to a plain covered with such unruly brush (see also brasada). Clark indicates that this term applies especially to shrubs and trees of the genera Acacia, Ceanothus, Condalia, Forestiera, and Quercus. Hendrickson notes that this term has become recognized throughout the United States because of its use in western films. The DRAE references chaparral as a place covered in chaparros, which may be either a variety of shrublike oak trees with many branches, or a Central American malpighiaceous bush with clustered flowers, round fruit, and opposite leaves that are thick and petiolate. This second plant grows on dry plains and has thick, knotty, resistant branches used to make walking sticks. Santamaría defines chaparral as either the common name of a wild rhamnaceous plant native to central and northern Mexico ( Condalia obovata), or a place abounding in chaparros. Santamaría gives several definitions for chaparro. It is generally a bush found in tropical regions in the Americas whose rough-textured leaves are sometimes used as sandpaper and whose bark is rich in tannin. On the southern coast of Mexico, it refers to several varieties of oak trees of the genus Quercus. In Tabasco, Mexico, it is an isolated mass of vegetation formed by vines and short trees, and in all of Mexico it is the common name given to the Aythia collaris, a plant native to the northern part of the continent. Islas concurs with the definition given by Santamaría for chaparro in Tabasco, Mexico, but he says that it is a low-lying thicket.Alternate forms: chaparrelle, chaparro, chaperelle, chapparal, chapparall, chapparo, chapparral, chapperell, chapporal.Glossed by Watts as a type of live-oak brush native to southwest Texas. Chaparro prieto is glossed in the DM as a plant of the genus Mimosa. Also known ( in English) as chaparro prieto. -
3 chaps
( chaparreras [t∫aparéras] < chaparro [see above] plus the Spanish suffix -era 'utensil'; the preferred pronunciation in English is [Jaéps]; this pronunciation was probably influenced by the Spanish spoken along the border, where speakers often pronounce the digraph {ch} as [ J] or {sh})Wyoming: 1884 (chaps); DARE: 1887 ( chaparajos); Texas: 1892 ( chaparreras). Leather leggings worn by cowboys over regular trousers to protect their legs from brush or chaparral. They are generally made from the hides of goat, sheep, calves, bulls, and deer, but they can be made from any type of leather. They also come in many lengths and varieties, ranging from simple and practical ones to highly decorated ones with silver ornaments and animal hair left on the outside. Spanish sources reference chaparreras, but only Cobos references chaparejos (he says the word is a blend of chaparro 'shrub' and aparejo 'gear' and refers to leather leggings or chaps). However, the DARE suggests that chaparejos may be a blend of chaparreras and aparejo. The DRAE defines chaparreras as a type of tanned leather breeches used in Mexico. Santamaría adds that they are a type of pants without a seat consisting of two separate coverings for the legs that are attached to the belt by straps. They are often made of goatskin with the hair left on, and as such are also known as chivarras. They are worn over the pants and serve as a protection against rain and mud. They may also be made of puma or jaguar skin, chamois, or canvas. Islas adds that they are often open along the seams and are fastened to the legs with buckles.Alternate forms: chaparajos, chaparejos, chapareras, chapareros, chaparraros, chaparras, chaparreros, chaparro, chaparros, chaperajos, chapparejos, schapps, schaps, shaps.Clark: 1930s. A variety of chaps with short, wide leggings. Also known as buzzard wings.
См. также в других словарях:
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