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1 cause
cause [koz]feminine nouna. ( = raison) causec. ( = intérêts) caused. (locutions)► en cause• mettre en cause [+ innocence, nécessité, capacité] to call into question• et pour cause ! and for good reason!* * *koz1) ( origine) cause2) ( raison) reason3) ( ensemble d'intérêts) cause4) ( affaire) caseles causes célèbres — the causes célèbres, the famous cases
être en cause — [système, fait, organisme] to be at issue; [personne] to be involved
mettre quelqu'un/quelque chose en cause — to implicate somebody/something
remettre en cause — to challenge [principe, hiérarchie, décision]; to cast doubt on [projet, efficacité, signification]; to undermine [efforts, proposition, processus]
remise en cause — ( de système) reappraisal
avoir or obtenir gain de cause — to win one's case
donner gain de cause à — to decide in favour [BrE] of
••* * *koz nf1) (entraînant un effet) [mort, conflit, malentendu] causeC'est arrivé à cause de lui. — It happened because of him.
Nous n'avons pas pu sortir à cause du mauvais temps. — We couldn't go out because of the bad weather.
Le musée est fermé pour cause de travaux. — The museum is closed for building work.
2) DROIT caseLe père de l'enfant a été mis hors de cause. — The child's father has been cleared.
en connaissance de cause [choisir, décider, agir, accepter] — in full knowledge of the facts
3) (= parti, camp) causedéfendre la cause de qn [personne] — to stand up for sb, to take sb's side, [groupe, communauté] to champion sb
Elle défend la cause des opprimés. — She champions the oppressed.
être en cause [intérêts] — to be at stake, [personne] to be involved, [qualité] to be in question
mettre en cause [personne] — to implicate, [qualité de qch, honnêteté de qn] to call into question
remettre en cause — to challenge, to call into question
* * *cause nf1 ( origine) cause (de of); un rapport or une relation de cause à effet entre a relation of cause and effect between; il n'y a pas d'effet sans cause there's no smoke without fire; à petites causes grands effets minor causes can bring about major results;2 ( raison) reason; j'ignore la cause de leur colère/départ I don't know the reason for their anger/departure; pour une cause encore indéterminée for a reason as yet unknown; il s'est fâché et pour cause he got angry and with good reason; sans cause [licenciement, chagrin] groundless; c'est une cause de licenciement immédiat it's a ground for immediate dismissal; pour cause économique for financial reasons; pour cause de maladie because of illness; fermé pour cause d'inventaire/de travaux closed for stocktaking/for renovation; avoir pour cause qch to be caused by sth; à cause de because of;3 ( ensemble d'intérêts) cause; défendre une/sa cause to defend a/one's cause; se battre pour la cause to fight for the cause; une cause juste/perdue a just/lost cause; être dévoué à la cause commune to be dedicated to the common cause; être acquis à la cause de qn to be won over to sb's cause; gagner qn à sa cause to win sb over to one's cause; pour les besoins de la cause for the sake of the cause; prendre fait et cause pour qn to take up the cause of sb; faire cause commune avec qn to make common cause with sb; pour la bonne cause for a good cause;4 ( affaire) case; plaider/gagner/perdre une cause to plead/win/lose a case; plaider la cause de qn/sa propre cause to plead sb's case/one's own case; la cause est entendue Jur the case is closed; fig it's an open and shut case; les causes célèbres the causes célèbres, the famous cases; être en cause [système, fait, organisme] to be at issue; [personne] to be involved; être hors de cause to be in the clear; mettre qn/qch en cause to implicate sb/sth; mise en cause implication; mettre qn/qch hors de cause gén to clear sb/sth; [police] to eliminate [sb] from an enquiry; remettre en cause to call [sth] into question, to challenge [politique, principe, droit, hiérarchie, décision]; to cast doubt on [projet, efficacité, signification]; to undermine [efforts, proposition, processus]; tout est remis en cause everything has been thrown back into doubt; se remettre en cause to pass one's life under review; remise en cause ( de soi-même) rethink; ( de système) reappraisal; avoir or obtenir gain de cause to win one's case; donner gain de cause à to decide in favourGB of.en toute connaissance de cause in full knowledge of the facts, fully conversant with the facts sout; en tout état de cause in any case; en désespoir de cause as a last resort.[koz] nom fémininle mauvais temps est cause que je n'ai pu aller vous rendre visite I wasn't able to come and see you on account of the bad weather2. PHILOSOPHIE causela cause première/seconde/finale the prime/secondary/final cause[motif]cause licite/illicite just/unjust cause4. [parti que l'on prend] causea. [pour un bon motif] for a good causeb. (humoristique) [en vue du mariage] with honourable intentions————————à cause de locution prépositionnelle1. [par la faute de] because ou on account of, due ou owing to2. [en considération de] because ou on account of, due ou owing to3. [par égard pour] for the sake ou because of————————en cause locution adjectivale1. [concerné] in questionla voiture en cause était à l'arrêt the car involved ou in question was stationaryla somme/l'enjeu en cause the amount/the thing at stake2. [que l'on suspecte]3. [contesté]être en cause [talent] to be in question————————en cause locution adverbiale1. [en accusation]2. [en doute]en tout état de cause locution adverbiale————————pour cause de locution prépositionnelle‘fermé pour cause de décès’ ‘closed owing to bereavement’ -
2 cause
مَبْدَأ \ cause: aim, purpose: We fought in the cause of freedom. We want the money for a good cause - schools for blind children. doctrine: sth. which is taught (religious belief, political belief, etc.). principle: a simple truth or law, of any subject: the principles of chemistry, a rule that guides sb.’s life It is against my principles to play cards for money. -
3 Personal Cause
Law: PC -
4 Probable Cause
Law: PC -
5 So Be The Cause
Law: SBTC -
6 oikeudellinen peruste
law• cause in lawlaw• legal basis -
7 juttuluettelo
law• cause listlaw• docket -
8 soudní pře
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9 судебное дело
1) General subject: action, case, suit, try, legal argument, judicial case2) Latin: actio3) Law: adjudicatory matter, case at law, cause, cause in law, court case, law case, lawsuit, legal case, legal cause, legal suit, litigated case, litigation, litigation case, proceeding, action on tort4) Jargon: sheet5) Business: legal action, proceedings6) leg.N.P. legal proceedings -
10 основная причина
1) General subject: rational, rationale, reason fundamental, leading cause, key reason2) Mathematics: dominant cause (доминирующая), major cause, principal cause, root cause3) Law: basic cause, primary reason4) Finances: main reason5) Diplomatic term: ultimate cause6) Advertising: prime cause, primary cause (АД)7) Programming: (неработоспособности) root cause (причина дефекта, при обнаружении и удалении которой появление дефектов ( неисправностей) этого вида исключается (или сокращается))8) Automation: root cause (напр. неисправности)9) Aviation medicine: main cause (ЛП), primary cause (ЛП), prime cause (ЛП)10) Makarov: fundamental cause, fundamental reason -
11 судова справа
adjudicatory matter, ca, case, cause in law, cause, court case, law case, lawsuit, legal case, legal cause -
12 случайная причина
1) Construction: residual cause2) Mathematics: chance cause, random cause, unassignable cause3) Law: accidental cause -
13 вводить в действие закон
1) leg.N.P. cause a law to be executed, promulgate a law (in this sense), put a law into execution2) Makarov: put the law in force, enact legislationУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > вводить в действие закон
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14 ввести в действие закон
leg.N.P. cause a law to be executed, promulgate a law (in this sense), put a law into executionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > ввести в действие закон
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15 उत्तर
úttara1) mfn. (compar. fr. 1. ud;
opposed to adhara;
declined Gram. 238. a), upper, higher, superior (e.g.. uttaredantās, the upper teeth) RV. AV. TS. ChUp. Ragh. etc.;
northern (because the northern part of India is high) AV. Mn. Suṡr. Pañcat. etc.;
left (opposed to dakshiṇa orᅠ right, because in praying the face being turned to the east the north would be on the left hand) AV. KātyṠr. MBh. etc.;
later, following, subsequent, latter, concluding, posterior, future RV. AV. KātyṠr. MBh. Ragh. Hit. etc. (opposed to pūrva, etc. e.g.. uttaraḥkālaḥ, future time;
uttaraṉvākyam, a following speech, answer, reply;
phalamuttaram, subsequent result, future consequence;
varshôttareshu, in future years);
followed by (e.g.. smôttara mfn. followed by sma Pāṇ. 3-3, 176);
superior, chief, excellent, dominant, predominant, more powerful RV. AV. ;
gaining a cause (in law);
better, more excellent RV. ;
m. N. of a son of Virāṭa MBh. ;
of a king of the Nāgas L. ;
N. of a mountain Kathās. ;
of several men;
(ās) m. pl. N. of a school;
(ā), of. (scil. diṡ) the northern quarter, the north Kathās. etc.;
N. of each of the Nakshatras that contain the word uttara (cf. uttara-phalgunī, etc.);
N. of a daughter of Virāṭa andᅠ daughter-in-law of Arjuna MBh. ;
of a female servant Lalit. ;
(e) f. du. the second andᅠ third verse of a Tṛica ( orᅠ a stanza consisting of three verses);
(ās) f. pl. the second part of the Sāma-saṃhitā;
(am) n. upper surface orᅠ cover MBh. Ragh. Daṡ. etc.;
the north R. Dhūrtas. ;
the following member, the last part of a compound;
answer, reply Ragh. R. Prab. etc.;
(in law) a defence, rejoinder, a defensive measure;
contradiction Car. ;
(in the Mimāṇsā philosophy) the answer (the fourth member of an adhikaraṇa orᅠ case);
superiority, excellence, competency R. Pañcat. Kathās. etc.;
result, the chief orᅠ prevalent result orᅠ characteristic, what remains orᅠ is left, conclusion, remainder, excess, over andᅠ above, (often ifc. e.g.. bhayôttara, attended with danger, having danger as the result;
dharmôttara, chiefly characterized by virtue;
shashṭy-uttaraṉsahasram, one thousand with an excess of sixty, i.e. 1060;
saptôttaraṉṡatam, 107);
remainder, difference (in arithmetic);
N. of a song Yājñ. ;
N. of each of the Nakshatras that contain the word uttara;
a particular figure in rhetoric;
N. of the last book of the Rāmāyaṇa;
(am) ind. at the conclusion, at the end e.g.. bhavad-uttaram, having the word bhavat at the end;
asrôttaramīkshitā, looked at with tears at the close i.e. with a glance ending in tears;
afterwards, thereafter;
behind MBh. etc.;
in the following part (of a book);
+ cf. Gk. ὕστερος
út-tara2) mfn. crossing over;
to be crossed (cf. dur-uttara)
- उत्तरकल्प
- उत्तरकाण्ड
- उत्तरकामाख्यतन्त्र
- उत्तरकाय
- उत्तरकाल
- उत्तरकुरु
- उत्तरकोशला
- उत्तरक्रिया
- उत्तरखण्ड
- उत्तरखण्डन
- उत्तरग
- उत्तरगीता
- उत्तरग्रन्थ
- उत्तरंग
- उत्तरच्छद
- उत्तरज
- उत्तरज्या
- उत्तरज्योतिष
- उत्तरतन्त्र
- उत्तरतर
- उत्तरतस्
- उत्तरतापनीय
- उत्तरत्र
- उत्तरदन्त
- उत्तरदायक
- उत्तरदिक्स्थ
- उत्तरदिगीश
- उत्तरदिश्
- उत्तरदेश
- उत्तरद्रु
- उत्तरधर्म
- उत्तरधारय
- उत्तरधुरीण
- उत्तरधेय
- उत्तरनाभि
- उत्तरनारायण
- उत्तरपक्ष
- उत्तरपट
- उत्तरपथ
- उत्तरपथिक
- उत्तरपद
- उत्तरपदिक
- उत्तरपदकीय
- उत्तरपर्वत
- उत्तरपश्चार्ध
- उत्तरपश्चिम
- उत्तरपाद
- उत्तरपुरस्तात्
- उत्तरपुराण
- उत्तरपूर्व
- उत्तरप्रच्छद
- उत्तरप्रत्युत्तर
- उत्तरप्रोष्ठपदा
- उत्तरफल्गुनी
- उत्तरफाल्गुनी
- उत्तरबर्हिस्
- उत्तरभक्तिक
- उत्तरभद्रपदा
- उत्तरभाद्रपदा
- उत्तरभाग
- उत्तरमति
- उत्तरमन्द्रा
- उत्तरमात्र
- उत्तरमानस
- उत्तरमार्ग
- उत्तरमीमांसा
- उत्तरमूल
- उत्तरयुग
- उत्तररहित
- उत्तररामचरित
- उत्तररूप
- उत्तरलक्षण
- उत्तरलक्ष्मन्
- उत्तरलोमन्
- उत्तरवयस
- उत्तरवल्ली
- उत्तरवस्ति
- उत्तरवस्त्र
- उत्तरवादिन्
- उत्तरवासस्
- उत्तरवीथि
- उत्तरवेदि
- उत्तरशान्ति
- उत्तरशैल
- उत्तरसक्थ
- उत्तरसंज्ञित
- उत्तरसाक्षिन्
- उत्तरसाधक
- उत्तरहनु
- उत्तरांस
- उत्तरागार
- उत्तराङ्ग
- उत्तराद्रि
- उत्तराधर
- उत्तराधिकार
- उत्तराधिकारिन्
- उत्तरापथ
- उत्तराभास
- उत्तराभिमुख
- उत्तराम्नाय
- उत्तरायण
- उत्तरारणि
- उत्तरार्क
- उत्तरार्चिक
- उत्तरार्थ
- उत्तरार्ध
- उत्तरार्ध्य
- उत्तरावत्
- उत्तराशा
- उत्तराश्मन्
- उत्तराश्रमिन्
- उत्तराश्रित
- उत्तराषाढा
- उत्तरासङ्ग
- उत्तरासद्
- उत्तराह
- उत्तरेतरा
- उत्तरोत्तर
- उत्तरोत्तरिन्
- उत्तरोष्ठ
- उत्तरौष्ठ
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16 עות
עָוַת(b. h.; v. עָוָה) to be curved, crooked. Pi. עִוֵּת, עִיֵּות 1) to pervert, wrest; to corrupt. Num. R. s. 10 מתוך כך … ומְעַוְּותִין את הדין in consequence (of drinking) they cause the Law to be forgotten, and they pervert judgment. Nidd.10b אין בודקות … מפני שמְעַוְּותוֹת אותן (not בודקין) they (the women) must not examine them (the young girls) with the fingers, because they may corrupt them (teach them unnatural gratification; Rashi: they may wound them).Koh. R. to I, 15 (ref. to מעות ib.) אם אין אדם מְעַוֵּות עצמו מדברי תורהוכ׳ as long as a person (though doing wrong) does not pervert himself through wilful misinterpretation of the Law, there is a remedy for him; משאדם מעוות נכ׳ but as soon as a person perverts himself ; a. fr.Nidd.12b (adapting Koh. l. c.) הן עִוְּתוּהָ הן תקנוה they make her crooked (the evidence on the cloths will make her unfit for marital intercourse), and they make her straight (if the evidence is favorable). 2) to offend, excite displeasure; wound the feelings of. Snh.97a יְעַיֵּת; Der. Er. Zut. ch. X יְעַוֵּות shall be offensive, v. אָמַר II. Midr. Till. to Ps. 119:78 אע״פ … מְעַוְּתִים אותיוכ׳ although the wicked insult me, I do not abandon the Law. 3) to render offensive, loathsome. Sifré Deut. 1; Yalk. ib. 792 למה אתה מְעַוֵּות עלינווכ׳ why dost thou make the Scriptures loathsome to us (by absurd interpretations)?Part. pass. מְעֻוָּת, מְעוּוָת; f. מְעוֶּוּתֶת; pl. מְעוּוָּתִים, מְעוּוָּהִין; מְעִוּוָּתוֹת, מְעֻוָּ׳ crooked, perverted, perverse. Koh. R. l. c. בעולם הזה מי שהוא מע׳וכ׳ in this world, he who is crooked may be straightened again (a sinner may amend his ways) Ex. R. s. 2, beg. (ref. to עלילות, Ps. 103:7, in contrast to Deut. 22:14) (read:) בשר ודם עלילותיו מע׳וכ׳ the ʿăliloth (machinations) of man are perverse …, but the ʿăliloth (dispositions) of the Lord are merciful; a. e. Nithpa. נִתְעַוֵּות to be curved, wrested; to be perverted; to deteriorate. Koh. R. l. c. אין קורין מעוות … ונ׳ we do not call a thing perverted, unless it was at a time straight (right), and it became curved. Ib. משנִתְעַיְּותוּ המיםוכ׳ when the waters dating from creation became deteriorated. Sot.41b נִתְעַוְּותוּ הדינין (or הדַּיָּנִין, v. Rashi a. l.) the courts became depraved. Ib. 47b נתעוותו הדינין justice became corrupt; (Tosef. ib. XIV, 3 נתקלקל הדין). -
17 עָוַת
עָוַת(b. h.; v. עָוָה) to be curved, crooked. Pi. עִוֵּת, עִיֵּות 1) to pervert, wrest; to corrupt. Num. R. s. 10 מתוך כך … ומְעַוְּותִין את הדין in consequence (of drinking) they cause the Law to be forgotten, and they pervert judgment. Nidd.10b אין בודקות … מפני שמְעַוְּותוֹת אותן (not בודקין) they (the women) must not examine them (the young girls) with the fingers, because they may corrupt them (teach them unnatural gratification; Rashi: they may wound them).Koh. R. to I, 15 (ref. to מעות ib.) אם אין אדם מְעַוֵּות עצמו מדברי תורהוכ׳ as long as a person (though doing wrong) does not pervert himself through wilful misinterpretation of the Law, there is a remedy for him; משאדם מעוות נכ׳ but as soon as a person perverts himself ; a. fr.Nidd.12b (adapting Koh. l. c.) הן עִוְּתוּהָ הן תקנוה they make her crooked (the evidence on the cloths will make her unfit for marital intercourse), and they make her straight (if the evidence is favorable). 2) to offend, excite displeasure; wound the feelings of. Snh.97a יְעַיֵּת; Der. Er. Zut. ch. X יְעַוֵּות shall be offensive, v. אָמַר II. Midr. Till. to Ps. 119:78 אע״פ … מְעַוְּתִים אותיוכ׳ although the wicked insult me, I do not abandon the Law. 3) to render offensive, loathsome. Sifré Deut. 1; Yalk. ib. 792 למה אתה מְעַוֵּות עלינווכ׳ why dost thou make the Scriptures loathsome to us (by absurd interpretations)?Part. pass. מְעֻוָּת, מְעוּוָת; f. מְעוֶּוּתֶת; pl. מְעוּוָּתִים, מְעוּוָּהִין; מְעִוּוָּתוֹת, מְעֻוָּ׳ crooked, perverted, perverse. Koh. R. l. c. בעולם הזה מי שהוא מע׳וכ׳ in this world, he who is crooked may be straightened again (a sinner may amend his ways) Ex. R. s. 2, beg. (ref. to עלילות, Ps. 103:7, in contrast to Deut. 22:14) (read:) בשר ודם עלילותיו מע׳וכ׳ the ʿăliloth (machinations) of man are perverse …, but the ʿăliloth (dispositions) of the Lord are merciful; a. e. Nithpa. נִתְעַוֵּות to be curved, wrested; to be perverted; to deteriorate. Koh. R. l. c. אין קורין מעוות … ונ׳ we do not call a thing perverted, unless it was at a time straight (right), and it became curved. Ib. משנִתְעַיְּותוּ המיםוכ׳ when the waters dating from creation became deteriorated. Sot.41b נִתְעַוְּותוּ הדינין (or הדַּיָּנִין, v. Rashi a. l.) the courts became depraved. Ib. 47b נתעוותו הדינין justice became corrupt; (Tosef. ib. XIV, 3 נתקלקל הדין). -
18 erzwingen
v/t (unreg.) force, get s.th. by force; gesetzlich: enforce (auch Gehorsam etc.); etw. von jemandem erzwingen (Geständnis etc.) force s.th. out of s.o.; (Zugeständnis) wring s.th. out of s.o.; eine Entscheidung erzwingen force an issue; Liebe lässt sich nicht erzwingen you can’t force love* * *to constrain; to will; to enforce; to coerce; to wring; to wrest; to extort* * *er|zwịn|gen [ɛɐ'tsvɪŋən] ptp erzwu\#ngen [ɛɐ'tsvʊŋən]vt irregto force; (gerichtlich) to enforce* * *1) (to achieve by strength or effort: He forced a smile despite his grief.) force2) (to cause (a law, a command, one's own will etc) to be carried out: There is a law against dropping litter but it is rarely enforced.) enforce* * *er·zwin·gen *▪ etw [von jdm] \erzwingen [o [jds] etw \erzwingen] to get [or obtain] sth [from sb] by force, to force sth from [or out of] sbjds Einverständnis \erzwingen to make sb [or force sb to] agree, to make sb see reasoneine Entscheidung \erzwingen to force an issuejds Zuneigung \erzwingen to force sb's affectionsein Geständnis/eine Unterschrift [von jdm] \erzwingen to make sb confess/sign, to force sb to confess/sign[von jdm] ein Zugeständnis \erzwingen to wring [or liter wrest] a concession [from sb]* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb force* * *etwas von jemandem erzwingen (Geständnis etc) force sth out of sb; (Zugeständnis) wring sth out of sb;eine Entscheidung erzwingen force an issue;Liebe lässt sich nicht erzwingen you can’t force love* * *unregelmäßiges transitives Verb forcesich (Dat.) den Zutritt erzwingen — force an entry
* * *v.to enforce v.to force v. -
19 enforce
[ɪnˈfɔːs] verbto cause (a law, a command, one's own will etc) to be carried out:يَفْرِض، يُلْزِمThere is a law against dropping litter but it is rarely enforced.
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20 полное право
См. также в других словарях:
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