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  • 81 Capta

    1.
    căpĭo, cepi, captum (old fut. perf. capso, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: capsit, Enn. ap. Non. p. 66, 27, or Ann. v. 324 Vahl.; Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6; Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 12, or Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.; Paul. ex. Fest. p. 57 Mull.:

    capsimus,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 15: capsis, acc. to Cic. Or. 45, 154, = cape si vis, but this is an error; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 66; old perf. cepet, Col. Rostr. 5; v. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 170), 3, v. a. [cf. kôpê, handle; Lat. capulum; Engl. haft; Germ. Heft; Sanscr. root hri-, take; cf. Gr. cheir, Engl. and Germ. hand, and Goth. hinthan, seize].
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., to take in hand, take hold of, lay hold of, take, seize, grasp (cf.:

    sumo, prehendo): si hodie hercule fustem cepero aut stimulum in manum,

    Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 9:

    cape hoc flabellum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 47:

    cepit manibus tympanum,

    Cat. 6, 3, 8:

    tu, genitor, cape sacra manu patriosque Penatis,

    Verg. A. 2, 717:

    cape saxa manu, cape robora, pastor,

    id. G. 3, 420:

    flammeum,

    Cat. 61, 8:

    acria pocula,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 69:

    lora,

    Prop. 3 (4), 9, 57:

    baculum,

    Ov. M. 2, 789:

    colum cum calathis,

    id. ib. 12, 475:

    florem ternis digitis,

    Plin. 24, 10, 48, § 81:

    pignera,

    Liv. 3, 38, 12; Dig. 48, 13, 9, § 6; Gai Inst. 4, 29:

    ut is in cavea pignus capiatur togae,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 68: rem manu, Gai Inst. 1, 121:

    rem pignori,

    Dig. 42, 1, 15, § 7; cf. ib. 42, 1, 15, § 4:

    scutum laeva,

    Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 13:

    capias tu illius vestem,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 79: cape vorsoriam, seize the sheet, i. e. take a tack, turn about, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 19.—Very freq. of arms (cf. sumo); so in gen.: arma, to take up arms, i. e. engage in war or battle, Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 20 sq.; 9, 27; 11, 31; id. Planc. 36, 88; id. Phil. 4, 3, 7; Caes. B.G. 5, 26; 7, 4; Sall. C. 27, 4; 30, 1; 33, 2; 52, 27; id. J. 38, 5; 102, 12; Ov. M. 3, 115 sq.; 12, 91; 13, 221;

    and of particular weapons: ensem,

    Ov. M. 13, 435:

    tela,

    id. ib. 3, 307; 5, 366 et saep.—Of food, to take, partake of:

    quicum una cibum Capere soleo,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 61; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 77; Sall. J. 91, 2:

    lauti cibum capiunt,

    Tac. G. 22.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of living objects.
    a. (α).
    Of persons:

    oppidum expugnavimus, et legiones Teleboarum vi pugnando cepimus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 258: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Mull. (Ann. v. 296 Vahl.):

    quoniam belli nefarios duces captos jam et comprehensos tenetis,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

    ibi Orgetorigis filia atque unus e filiis captus est,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

    reges capiuntur,

    Lucr. 4, 1013; Tac. A. 4, 33:

    capta eo proelio tria milia peditum dicuntur,

    Liv. 22, 49, 18:

    quos Byzantii ceperat,

    Nep. Paus. 2, 3; id. Alcib. 9, 2; id. Dat. 2, 5; Quint. 6, 3, 61:

    captos ostendere civibus hostes,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

    captus Tarento Livius,

    Cic. Brut. 18, 72:

    servus ex hoste captus,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: captus, i, m., = captivus, a prisoner, captive:

    in captos clementia uti,

    Nep. Alcib. 5, 7:

    inludere capto,

    Verg. A. 2, 64:

    quae sit fiducia capto,

    id. ib. 2, 75:

    ex captorum numero,

    Liv. 28, 39, 10; Tac. A. 6, 1; 12, 37; 15, 1.—Also, capta, ae, f., a female captive:

    dicam hanc esse captam ex Caria, Ditem ac nobilem,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 47.—
    (β).
    Of animals, birds, fish, etc., to catch, hunt down, take: quid hic venatu non cepit? Varr. ap. Non. p. 253, 31:

    si ab avibus capiundis auceps dicatur, debuisse ajunt ex piscibus capiundis, ut aucupem, sic piscicupem dici,

    id. L. L. 8, § 61 Mull.:

    hic jaculo pisces, illa capiuntur ab hamis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 763:

    neque quicquam captum'st piscium,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 1, 12; cf.:

    nisi quid concharum capsimus,

    id. ib. v. 18; Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 27: acipenserem, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    cervum,

    Phaedr. 1, 5, 5; cf.:

    hic (Nereus) tibi prius vinclis capiendus,

    Verg. G. 4, 396.—
    b.
    To win, captivate, charm, allure, enchain, enslave, fascinate; mostly with abl. of means: Ph. Amore ardeo. Pa. Quid agas? nisi ut te redimas captum quam queas Minumo, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 29:

    quod insit in iis aliquid probi, quod capiat ignaros,

    Cic. Off. 3, 3, 15: [p. 284] animum adulescentis... pellexit eis omnibus rebus, quibus illa aetas capi ac deleniri potest, id. Clu. 5, 13:

    quamvis voluptate capiatur,

    id. Off. 1, 30, 105; Quint. 5, 11, 19:

    quem quidem adeo sua cepit humanitate,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 3:

    secum habuit Pomponium, captus adulescentis et humanitate et doctrina,

    id. Att. 4, 1:

    nec bene promeritis capitur (deus), nec tangitur ira,

    Lucr. 2, 651: ut pictura poesis;

    erit quae si propius stes Te capiat magis, et quaedam si longius abstes,

    Hor. A. P. 362:

    hunc capit argenti splendor,

    id. S. 1, 4, 28:

    te conjux aliena capit,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 46:

    Cynthia prima suis miserum me cepit ocellis,

    Prop. 1, 1, 1:

    carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,

    Tib. 3, 1, 7:

    munditiis capimur,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 133; id. M. 4, 170; 6, 465; 7, 802; 8, 124; 8, 435; 9, 511; 10, 529;

    14, 373: amore captivae victor captus,

    Liv. 30, 12, 18:

    dulcedine vocis,

    Ov. M. 1, 709; 11, 170:

    voce nova,

    id. ib. 1, 678:

    temperie aquarum,

    id. ib. 4, 344:

    (bos) herba captus viridi,

    Verg. E. 6, 59:

    amoenitate loci,

    Tac. A. 18, 52:

    auro,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 36:

    neque honoris neque pecuniae dulcedine sum captus,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:

    splendore hominis,

    id. Fin. 1, 13, 42: ne oculis quidem captis in hanc fraudem decidisti;

    nam id concupisti quod numquam videras,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 102.—
    c.
    To cheat, seduce, deceive, mislead, betray, delude, catch:

    sapientis hanc vim esse maximam, cavere ne capiatur, ne fallatur videre,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66:

    injurium autem'st ulcisci advorsarios? Aut qua via te captent eadem ipsos capi?

    Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 16: uti ne propter te fidemque tuam captus fraudatusque sim, form. ap. Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:

    eodem captus errore quo nos,

    involved in the same error, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 6; id. ap. Non. p. 253, 25; cf.:

    ne quo errore milites caperentur,

    Liv. 8, 6, 16:

    capere ante dolis Reginam,

    Verg. A. 1, 673:

    captique dolis lacrimisque coactis (Sinonis),

    id. ib. 2, 196:

    ubi me eisdem dolis non quit capere,

    Sall. J. 14, 11:

    adulescentium animi molles et aetate fluxi dolis haud difficulter capiebantur,

    id. C. 14, 5:

    capi alicujus dolo,

    Nep. Dat. 10, 1:

    dolum ad capiendos eos conparant,

    Liv. 23, 35, 2:

    quas callida Colchis (i.e. Medea) amicitiae mendacis imagine cepit,

    Ov. M. 7, 301.—
    d.
    To defeat, convict, overcome in a suit or dispute (rare):

    tu si me impudicitiae captas, non potes capere,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 189:

    tu caves ne tui consultores, ille ne urbes aut castra capiantur (cf. B. 2. b. infra),

    Cic. Mur. 9, 22:

    callidus et in capiendo adversario versutus (orator),

    id. Brut. 48, 178.—
    e. (α).
    Of the physical powers, to lame, mutilate, maim, impair or weaken in the limbs, senses, etc. (only pass. capi, and esp. in part. perf. captus):

    mancus et membris omnibus captus ac debilis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21:

    ipse Hannibal... altero oculo capitur,

    loses an eye, Liv. 22, 2, 11:

    captus omnibus membris,

    id. 2, 36, 8:

    capti auribus et oculis metu omnes torpere,

    id. 21, 58, 5:

    oculis membrisque captus,

    Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83:

    congerantur in unum omnia, ut idem oculis et auribus captus sit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 117:

    si captus oculis sit, ut Tiresias fuit,

    id. Div. 2, 3, 9; Verg. G. 1, 183:

    habuit filium captum altero oculo,

    Suet. Vit. 6:

    censorem Appium deum ira post aliquot annos luminibus captum,

    Liv. 9, 29, 11; Val. Max. 1, 1, 17:

    lumine,

    Ov. F. 6, 204:

    princeps pedibus captus,

    Liv. 43, 7, 5; cf.:

    captum leto posuit caput,

    Verg. A. 11, 830;

    and of the mole: aut oculis capti fodere cubilia talpae,

    id. G. 1, 183.—
    (β).
    Of the mental powers, to deprive of sense or intellect; only in part. perf. captus, usu. agreeing with pers. subj., and with abl. mente, silly, insane, crazy, crazed, lunatic, mad:

    labi, decipi tam dedecet quam delirare et mente esse captum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    vino aut somno oppressi aut mente capti,

    id. Ac. 2, 17, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 4;

    rarely mentibu' capti,

    Lucr. 4, 1022; so,

    animo,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 107; very rarely with gen.:

    captus animi,

    Tac. H. 3, 73.— Absol.:

    virgines captae furore,

    Liv. 24, 26, 12.—Less freq. agreeing with mens or animus:

    viros velut mente capta cum jactatione fanatica corporis vaticinari,

    Liv. 39, 13, 12:

    captis magis mentibus, quam consceleratis similis visa,

    id. 8, 18, 11; cf.:

    capti et stupentes animi,

    id. 6, 36, 8.—
    f.
    To choose, select, elect, take, pick out, adopt, accept a person for a particular purpose or to sustain a particular office or relation:

    de istac sum judex captus,

    Plaut. Merc. 4, 3, 33:

    Aricini atque Ardeates de ambiguo agro... judicem populum Romanum cepere,

    Liv. 3, 71, 2:

    me cepere arbitrum,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 91:

    te mihi patronam capio, Thais,

    id. Eun. 5, 2, 48:

    quom illum generum cepimus,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 22; cf.:

    non, si capiundos mihi sciam esse inimicos omnis homines,

    make them enemies thereby, id. And. 4, 2, 12:

    si quis magistrum cepit ad eam rem inprobum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 21.—So the formula of the Pontifex Maximus, in the consecration of a vestal virgin: sacerdotem Vestalem, quae sacra faciat... ita te, Amata, capio, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 14; cf.:

    plerique autem capi virginem solam debere dici putant, sed flamines quoque Diales, item pontifices et augures capi dicebantur,

    Gell. 1, 12, 15:

    jam ne ea causa pontifex capiar?... ecquis me augurem capiat? Cat. ib. § 17: Amata inter capiendum a pontifice maximo appellatur, quoniam, quae prima capta est, hoc fuisse nomen traditum est, Gell. ib. § 19: rettulit Caesar capiendam virginem in locum Occiae,

    Tac. A. 2, 86; 4, 16; 15, 22:

    religio, quae in annos singulos Jovis sacerdotem sortito capi jubeat,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51, § 127:

    C. Flaccus flamen captus a P. Licinio pontifice maximo erat,

    Liv. 27, 8, 5 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    2.
    Of places.
    a.
    To occupy, choose, select, take possession of, enter into; mostly milit. t. t., to take up a position, select a place for a camp, etc.:

    loca capere, castra munire,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 23:

    castris locum capere,

    Liv. 9, 17, 15; Suet. Aug. 94 fin.:

    locum capere castris,

    Quint. 12, 2, 5:

    ut non fugiendi hostis, sed capiendi loci causa cessisse videar,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

    ad Thebanos transfugere velle, et locum extra urbem editum capere,

    Nep. Ages. 6, 2:

    nocte media profectus, ut locum quem vellet, priusquam hostes sentirent, caperet,

    Liv. 34, 14, 1:

    neminem elegantius loca cepisse, praesidia disposuisse,

    id. 35, 14, 9:

    erat autem Philopoemen praecipuae in ducendo agmine locisque capiendis solertiae atque usus,

    id. 35, 28, 1:

    locum cepere paulo quam alii editiorem,

    Sall. J. 58, 3:

    duces, ut quisque locum ceperat, cedere singulos,

    Dict. Cret. 2, 46; so,

    of position on the battle-field: quod mons suberat, eo se recipere coeperunt. Capto monte, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25:

    tenuit non solum ales captam semelsedem, sed, etc.,

    Liv. 7, 26, 5:

    quem quis in pugnando ceperat locum, eum amissa anima corpore tegebat,

    Flor. 4, 1; Sall. C. 61, 2; rarely with dat. of pers.:

    tumulum suis cepit,

    Liv. 31, 41, 9, for a tomb: LOCVM SIBI MONVMENTO CEPIT. Inscr. Grut. 346, 6;

    for taking the auspices' se (Gracchum) cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, vitio sibi tabernaculum captum fuisse,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; cf.:

    Palatium Romulus, Remus Aventinum ad inaugurandum templa capiunt,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4;

    for refuge: omnes Samnitium copiae montes proximos fuga capiunt,

    id. 9, 43, 20:

    Anchises natum Conventus trahit in medios... Et tumulum capit,

    Verg. A. 6, 753; 12, 562:

    ante locum capies oculis ( = eliges),

    Verg. G. 2, 230 Serv. ad loc.: nunc terras ordine longo Aut capere aut captas jam despectare videntur (cycni), to select places on which to light, or to be just settling down on places already selected, id. A. 1, 396 Forbig. ad loc.—
    b.
    To take by force, capture, storm, reduce, conquer, seize:

    invadam extemplo in oppidum antiquom: Si id capso, etc.,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 61: oppidum vi, Cat. ap. Charis. 2, p. 191 P.:

    MACELLAM OPPVGNANDO,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    CORSICAM,

    Inscr. Orell. 551: oppida, Enn. ap. Prisc. 9, p. 868 P. (Ann. v. 487 Vahl.):

    ad alia oppida pergit, pauca repugnantibus Numidis capit,

    Sall. J. 92, 3; Prop. 3, 4 (4, 3), 16:

    Troja capta,

    Liv. 1, 1, 1; Hor. S. 2, 3, 191: Coriolos. Liv. 3, 71, 7:

    urbem opulentissimam,

    id. 5, 20, 1:

    ante oppidum Nolam fortissuma Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:

    castra hostium,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 7:

    concursu oppidanorum facto scalis vacua defensoribus moenia capi possent,

    Liv. 42, 63, 6:

    plurimas hostium vestrorum in Hispania urbes,

    id. 28, 39, 10:

    sedem belli,

    Vell. 2, 74, 3; cf. Cic. Mur. 9, 22 (B. 1. d. supra).— Trop.:

    oppressa captaque re publica,

    Cic. Dom. 10, 26: qui, bello averso ab hostibus, patriam suam cepissent, Liv. 3, 50, 15.—
    c.
    To reach, attain, arrive at, betake one ' s self to (mostly by ships, etc.):

    insulam capere non potuerant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 26 fin.:

    onerariae duae eosdem quos reliqui portus capere non potuerunt,

    id. ib. 4, 36:

    accidit uti, ex iis (navibus) perpaucae locum caperent,

    id. ib. 5, 23:

    nostrae naves, cum ignorarent, quem locum reliquae cepissent,

    id. B. C. 3, 28: praemiis magnis propositis, qui primus insulam cepisset, Auct. B. Alex. 17.— Trop.:

    qui... tenere cursum possint et capere otii illum portum et dignitatis,

    Cic. Sest. 46, 99.—
    3.
    Of things of value, property, money, etc.
    a.
    In gen., to take, seize, wrest, receive, obtain, acquire, get, etc.:

    AVRVM, ARGENTVM,

    Col. Rostr. Inscr. Orell. 549:

    de praedonibus praedam capere,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 14:

    agros de hostibus,

    Cic. Dom. 49, 128:

    ut ager ex hostibus captus viritim divideretur,

    Liv. 4, 48, 2:

    quinqueremem una cum defensoribus remigibusque, Auct. B. Alex. 16, 7: naves,

    Nep. Con. 4, 4:

    classem,

    id. Cim. 2, 2:

    magnas praedas,

    id. Dat. 10, 2:

    ex hostibus pecuniam,

    Liv. 5, 20, 5; cf.:

    e nostris spolia cepit laudibus, Cic. poet. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: signum ex Macedonia,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 149:

    signum pulcherrimum Carthagine captum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 38, §

    82: sed eccam ipsa egreditur, nostri fundi calamitas: nam quod nos capere oportet, haec intercipit,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 35:

    cape cedo,

    id. Phorm. 5, 8, 57:

    ut reliqui fures, earum rerum quas ceperunt, signa commutant,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 74:

    majores nostri non solum id, quod de Campanis (agri) ceperant, non imminuerunt, etc.,

    id. Agr. 2, 29, 81:

    te duce ut insigni capiam cum laude coronam,

    Lucr. 6, 95.—With abstr. objects:

    paupertatem adeo facile perpessus est, ut de republica nihil praeter gloriam ceperit,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 4:

    ut ceteri, qui per eum aut honores aut divitias ceperant,

    id. Att. 7, 2:

    quoniam formam hujus cepi in me et statum,

    assumed, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 110:

    quare non committeret, ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13:

    regnum Tiberinus ab illis Cepit,

    succeeded to, Ov. M. 14, 615.—
    b.
    In particular connections.
    (α).
    With pecuniam (freq. joined with concilio; v. infra), to take illegally, exact, extort, accept a bribe. take blackmail, etc., esp. of magistrates who were accused de pecuniis repetundis:

    his ego judicibus non probabo C. Verrem contra leges pecuniam cepisse?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10:

    HS. quadringentiens cepisse te arguo contra leges,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 10, § 26; cf.:

    quicquid ab horum quopiam captum est,

    id. ib. §

    27: tamen hae pecuniae per vim atque injuriam tuam captae et conciliatae tibi fraudi et damnationi esse deberent,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 40, §

    91: utrum (potestis), cum judices sitis de pecunia capta conciliata, tantam pecuniam captam neglegere?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 94, §

    218: quid est aliud capere conciliare pecunias. si hoc non est vi atque imperio cogere invitos lucrum dare alteri?

    id. ib. 2, 3, 30, §

    71: sequitur de captis pecuniis et de ambitu,

    id. Leg. 3, 20, 46:

    ita aperte cepit pecunias ob rem judicandam, ut, etc.,

    id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

    quos censores furti et captarum pecuniarum nomine notaverunt,

    id. Clu. 42, 120:

    nondum commemoro rapinas, non exactas pecunias, non captas, non imperatas,

    id. Pis. 16, 38:

    si quis ob rem judicandam pecuniam cepisset... neque solum hoc genus pecuniae capiendae turpe, sed etiam nefarium esse arbitrabantur,

    id. Rab. Post. 7, 16; id. N. D. 3, 30, 70; Sall. J. 32, 1:

    ab regibus Illyriorum,

    Liv. 42, 45, 8:

    saevitiae captarumque pecuniarum teneri reum,

    Tac. A. 3, 67; 4, 31.—
    (β).
    Of inheritance and bequest, to take, inherit, obtain, acquire, get, accept:

    si ex hereditate nihil ceperit,

    Cic. Off, 3, 24, 93:

    qui morte testamentove ejus tantundem capiat quantum omnes heredes,

    id. Leg. 2, 19, 48:

    abdicatus ne quid de bonis patris capiat,

    Quint. 3, 6, 96:

    aut non justum testamentum est, aut capere non potes,

    id. 5, 14, 16:

    si capiendi Jus nullum uxori,

    Juv. 1, 55:

    qui testamentum faciebat, ei, qui usque ad certum modum capere potuerat, legavit, etc.,

    Dig. 22, 3, 27: quod ille plus capere non poterat, ib. fin.:

    qui ex bonis testatoris solidum capere non possit,

    ib. 28, 6, 6; 39, 6, 30.—
    (γ).
    Of regular income, revenue, etc., rents, tolls, profits, etc., to collect, receive, obtain: nam ex [p. 285] eis praediis talenta argenti bina Capiebat statim, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 7:

    capit ille ex suis praediis sexcenta sestertia, ego centena ex meis,

    Cic. Par. 6, 3, 49:

    stipendium jure belli,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

    quinquagena talenta vectigalis ex castro,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 4:

    vectigal ex agro eorum capimus,

    Liv. 28, 39, 13:

    quadragena annua ex schola,

    Suet. Gram. 23:

    si recte habitaveris... fundus melior erit... fructus plus capies,

    Cato, R. R. 4, 2.—
    C.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of profit, benefit, advantage, to take, seize, obtain, get, enjoy, reap (mostly in phrase fructum capere):

    metuit semper, quem ipsa nunc capit Fructum, nequando iratus tu alio conferas,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 59:

    honeste acta superior aetas fructus capit auctoritatis extremos,

    Cic. Sen. 18, 62:

    ex iis etiam fructum capio laboris mei,

    id. Div. 2, 5:

    ex quibus (litteris) cepi fructum duplicem,

    id. Fam. 10, 5, 1:

    multo majorem fructum ex populi existimatione illo damnato cepimus, quam ex ipsius, si absolutus esset, gratia cepissemus,

    id. Att. 1, 4, 2:

    fructum immortalem vestri in me et amoris et judicii,

    id. Pis. 14, 31:

    aliquem fructum dulcedinis almae,

    Lucr. 2, 971; 5, 1410; Luc. 7, 32.—In other connections:

    quid ex ea re tandem ut caperes commodi?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 25:

    utilitates ex amicitia maximas,

    Cic. Lael. 9, 32:

    usuram alicujus corporis,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 108.—
    2.
    Of external characteristics, form, figure, appearance, etc., to take, assume, acquire, put on:

    gestum atque voltum novom,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 50 ' faciem aliquam cepere morando, Ov. M. 1, 421; 13, 605:

    figuras Datque capitque novas,

    id. ib. 15, 309:

    formam capit quam lilia,

    id. ib. 10, 212; cf.:

    duritiam ab aere,

    id. ib. 4, 751.— Transf., of plants, etc.:

    radicem capere,

    to take root, Cato, R. R. 51:

    cum pali defixi radices cepissent,

    Plin. 17, 17, 27, § 123:

    siliculam capere,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3:

    maturitatem capere,

    Col. 4, 23, 1:

    radix libere capit viris,

    Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 161:

    vires cepisse nocendi,

    Ov. M. 7, 417:

    (telinum) rursus refrigeratum odorem suum capit,

    Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 13.—
    3.
    Of mental characteristics, habits, etc., to take, assume, adopt, cultivate, cherish, possess:

    cape sis virtutem animo et corde expelle desidiam tuo,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 24:

    qua re si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis, si avi prudentiam ad prospiciendas insidias, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52:

    aliquando, patres conscripti, patrium animum virtutemque capiamus,

    id. Phil. 3, 11, 29:

    consuetudinem exercitationemque,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 59:

    misericordiam,

    id. Quint. 31, 97:

    quam (adsuetudinem) tu dum capias, taedia nulla fuge,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 346:

    disciplinam principum,

    Plin. Pan. 46. —With dat.:

    quorum animis avidis... neque lex neque tutor capere est qui possit modum,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 14 Wagn. ad loc.—
    4.
    Of offices, employments, duties, etc., = suscipio, to undertake, assume, enter upon, accept, take upon one ' s self, etc.:

    nam olim populi prius honorem capiebat suffragio, Quam magistro desinebat esse dicto oboediens,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 34:

    o Geta, provinciam Cepisti duram,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 23:

    in te cepi Capuam, non quo munus illud defugerem,

    took command at Capua, Cic. Att. 8. 3, 4:

    consulatum,

    id. Pis. 2, 3; Sall. J. 63, 2:

    honores,

    Nep. Att. 7, 2; Suet. Aug. 26:

    imperium,

    id. Claud. 10:

    magistratum,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 62; Liv. 2, 33, 1; Suet. Aug. 2:

    magistratus,

    Sall. H. 1, 41, 21 Dietsch; Nep. Phoc. 1, 1; Suet. Caes. 75:

    capiatque aliquis moderamina (navis),

    Ov. M. 3, 644:

    rerum moderamen,

    id. ib. 6, 677:

    pontificatum maximum,

    Suet. Vit. 11:

    rem publicam,

    Sall. C. 5, 6:

    neve cui patrum capere eum magistratum liceret,

    Liv. 2, 33, 1:

    ut ceperat haud tumultuose magistratum majore gaudio plebis, etc.,

    id. 5, 13, 2.—Rarely with dat. of pers., to obtain for, secure for:

    patres praeturam Sp. Furio Camillo gratia campestri ceperunt,

    Liv. 7, 1, 2.—
    5.
    In gen., of any occupation, work, or undertaking, to begin, enter upon, take, undertake, etc.:

    augurium ex arce,

    Liv. 10, 7, 10:

    augurium capienti duodecim se vultures ostenderunt,

    Suet. Aug. 95; id. Vesp. 11:

    omen,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:

    in castris Romanis cum frustra multi conatus ad erumpendum capti essent,

    Liv. 9, 4, 1:

    rursus impetu capto enituntur,

    id. 2, 65, 5; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 42; id. Calig. 43: cursum, id. Oth. 6:

    a quibus temporibus scribendi capiatur exordium,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 3, 8:

    experimentum eorum inversa manu capitur,

    Plin. 13, 2, 3, § 19 ( poet.):

    nec vestra capit discordia finem,

    Verg. A. 10, 106:

    fugam,

    to take to flight, flee, Caes. B. G. 7, 26; so, capere impetum, to take a start, gather momentum:

    ad impetum capiundum modicum erat spatium,

    Liv. 10, 5, 6; cf.:

    expeditionis Germanicae impetum cepit,

    suddenly resolved to make, Suet. Calig. 43: capere initium, to begin:

    ea pars artis, ex qua capere initium solent,

    Quint. 2, 11, 1.— Transf., of place:

    eorum (finium) una pars, quam Gallos optinere dictum est, initium capit a flumine Rhodano,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

    a dis inmortalibus sunt nobis agendi capienda primordia,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 7.—
    6.
    Of an opportunity or occasion, to seize, embrace, take:

    si occassionem capsit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 6:

    si lubitum fuerit, causam ceperit,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 8:

    quod tempus conveniundi patris me capere suadeat,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 9:

    si satis commode tempus ad te cepit adeundi,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 1.—
    7.
    Of operations of the mind, resolutions, purposes, plans, thoughts, etc., to form, conceive, entertain, come to, reach:

    quantum ex ipsa re conjecturam cepimus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 25 MSS. (Fleck. al. ex conj. fecimus); Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 32:

    cum jam ex diei tempore conjecturam ceperat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 35:

    hujusce rei conjecturam de tuo ipsius studio, Servi, facillime ceperis,

    Cic. Mur. 4, 9.— Absol.:

    conjecturam capere,

    Cic. Div. 1, 57, 130:

    nec quid corde nunc consili capere possim, Scio,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 12:

    capti consili memorem mones,

    id. Stich 4, 1, 72:

    quo pacto porro possim Potiri consilium volo capere una tecum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 66; 5, 2, 28:

    temerarium consilium,

    Liv. 25, 34, 7:

    tale capit consilium,

    Nep. Eum. 9, 3.— With inf.:

    confitendum... eadem te hora consilium cepisse hominis propinqui fortunas funditus evertere,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53; Caes. B. G. 7, 71 init. —With ut:

    subito consilium cepi, ut exirem,

    Cic. Att. 7, 10 init. —With gen. gerund. (freq.):

    legionis opprimendae consilium capere,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2:

    obprimundae reipublicae consilium cepit,

    Sall. C. 16, 4.—With sibi:

    si id non fecisset, sibi consilium facturos,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 20:

    ut ego rationem oculis capio,

    Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 2:

    cepi rationem ut, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 11.—
    8.
    Of examples, instances, proofs, etc., to take, derive, draw, obtain:

    ex quo documentum nos capere fortuna voluit quid esset victis extimescendum,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

    quid istuc tam mirum'st, de te si exemplum capit? Ter And. 4, 1, 26: exemplum ex aliqua re,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 33:

    praesagia a sole,

    Plin. 18, 35, 78, § 341:

    illud num dubitas quin specimen naturae capi debeat ex optima quaque natura?

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32.—
    9.
    Of impressions, feelings, etc., to take, entertain, conceive, receive, be subjected to, suffer, experience, etc.:

    tantum laborem capere ob talem filium?

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 29:

    omnes mihi labores fuere quos cepi leves,

    id. Heaut. 2, 4, 19:

    laborem inanem ipsus capit,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    ex eo nunc misera quem capit Laborem!

    id. And. 4, 3, 4: miseriam omnem ego capio;

    hic potitur gaudia,

    id. Ad. 5, 4, 22:

    satietatem dum capiet pater Illius quam amat,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 10:

    plus aegri ex abitu viri quam ex adventu voluptatis cepi,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 9:

    cum illa quacum volt voluptatem capit,

    id. ib. prol. 114:

    angor iste, qui pro amico saepe capiendus est,

    Cic. Lael. 13, 48:

    quae (benevolentia) quidem capitur beneficiis maxime,

    id. Off. 2, 9, 32:

    laetitiam quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum,

    id. Fin. 2, 30, 96:

    lenire desiderium quod capiebat e filio,

    id. Sen. 15, 54:

    opinione omnium majorem animo cepi dolorem,

    id. Brut. 1, 1:

    itaque cepi voluptatem, tam ornatum virum fuisse in re publica,

    id. ib. 40, 147:

    ex civibus victis gaudium meritum capiam,

    Liv. 27, 40, 9:

    ne quam... invidiam apud patres ex prodiga largitione caperet,

    id. 5, 20, 2:

    ad summam laetitiam meam, quam ex tuo reditu capio, magnus illius adventu cumulus accedet,

    id. Att. 4, 19, 2 (4, 18, 3):

    laetitia, quam oculis cepi justo interitu tyranni,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 4:

    ex praealto tecto lapsus matris et adfinium cepit oblivionem,

    lost his memory, Plin. 7, 24, 24, § 90: virtutis opinionem, Auct. B. G. 8, 8: somnum, Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44: taedium vitae, Nep. ap. Gell. 6 (7), 18, 11:

    maria aspera juro Non ullum pro me tantum (me) cepisse timorem, Quam, etc.,

    Verg. A. 6, 352 Forbig. ad loc.:

    et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

    Liv. 33, 27, 10:

    voluptatem animi,

    Cic. Planc. 1, 1:

    malis alienis voluptatem capere laetitiae (cum sit),

    id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66:

    quaeque mihi sola capitur nunc mente voluptas,

    Ov. P. 4, 9, 37.—
    10.
    Transf., with the feelings, experience, etc., as subj., to seize, overcome, possess, occupy, affect, take possession of, move, etc. (cf. lambanô, in this sense and like 9. supra): nutrix: Cupido cepit miseram nunc me, proloqui Caelo atque terrae Medeai miserias, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. Rel. v. 291 Vahl.):

    edepol te desiderium Athenarum arbitror cepisse saepe,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 14:

    numquam commerui merito ut caperet odium illam mei,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 4:

    sicubi eum satietas Hominum aut negoti odium ceperat,

    id. Eun. 3, 1, 14:

    nos post reges exactos servitutis oblivio ceperat,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 9:

    te cepisse odium regni videbatur,

    id. ib. 2, 36, 91:

    Romulum Remumque cupido cepit urbis condendae,

    Liv. 1, 6, 3:

    cupido eum ceperat in verticem montis ascendendi,

    id. 40, 21, 2:

    etiam victores sanguinis caedisque ceperat satietas,

    id. 27, 49, 8; Mel. 3, 5, 2:

    qui pavor hic, qui terror, quae repente oblivio animos cepit?

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    oblivio deorum capiat pectora vestra,

    id. 38, 46, 12:

    tantane te cepere oblivia nostri?

    Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 11:

    ut animum ejus cura sacrorum cepit,

    Liv. 27, 8, 6:

    hostis primum admiratio cepit, quidnam, etc.,

    id. 44, 12, 1:

    tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis,

    Verg. G. 4, 332; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 178;

    I. p. 196 Burm.: ignarosque loci passim et formidine captos Sternimus,

    Verg. A. 2, 384:

    infelix, quae tanta animum dementia cepit!

    id. ib. 5, 465; id. E. 6, 47:

    cum subita incautum dementia cepit amantem,

    id. G. 4, 488; cf. Anthol. Lat. I. p. 170, 15;

    I. p. 168, 14 Burm.: Tarquinium mala libido Lucretiae stuprandae cepit,

    Liv. 1, 57, 10:

    ingens quidem et luctus et pavor civitatem cepit,

    id. 25, 22, 1:

    tantus repente maeror pavorque senatum eorum cepit,

    id. 23, 20, 7:

    senatum metus cepit,

    id. 23, 14, 8: si me... misericordia capsit. Att. ap. Non. p. 483, 11 (Trag. Rel. v. 454 Rib.): nec tuendi capere satietas potest, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24 (Trag. Rel. v. 410 ib.):

    quantus timor socios populi Romani cepisset,

    Liv. 43, 11, 9.—
    11.
    Of injury, damage, loss, etc., to suffer, take, be subjected to:

    calamitatem,

    Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29:

    detrimenti aliquid in aliqua re,

    Col. 1, 8, 2.—Esp., in the legal formula, by which dictatorial powers were conferred by the senate upon the consuls or the entire magistracy in times of extreme danger to the state;

    videant ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat: decrevit quondam senatus, ut L. Opimius consul videret ne quid res publica detrimenti caperet,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    Hernici tantum terrorem incussere patribus, ut, quae forma senatus consulti ultimae semper necessitatis habita est, Postumio, alteri consulum, negotium daretur, videret, ne, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 4, 9; cf. id. 6, 19, 2 sqq.:

    quod plerumque in atroci negotio solet, senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ne quid, etc.... Ea potestas per senatum more Romano magistratui maxuma permittitur, exercitum parare, bellum gerere, coercere omnibus modis socios atque civis, domi militiaeque inperium atque judicium summum habere,

    Sall. C. 29, 2 sq.
    II.
    To take in, receive, hold, contain, be large enough for.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: Ph. Sitit haec anus. Pa. Quantillum sitit? Ph. Modica'st, capit quadrantal, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 8:

    parte quod ex una spatium vacat et capit in se (ferrum),

    Lucr. 6, 1030:

    jam mare litus habet, plenos capit alveus amnes,

    Ov. M. 1, 344; cf.:

    terra feras cepit, volucres agitabilis aer,

    id. ib. 1, 75:

    dum tenues capiat suus alveus undas,

    id. ib. 8, 558:

    cunctosque (deos) dedisse Terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus Ceperit,

    id. ib. 5, 324.—
    2.
    Esp., with negatives, not to hold, to be too small for, etc.; cf.:

    di boni, quid turba est! Aedes nostrae vix capient, scio,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 13:

    qui cum una domo jam capi non possunt, in alias domos exeunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54: nec jam se capit [p. 286] unda;

    volat vapor ater ad auras,

    Verg. A. 7, 466:

    non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 46:

    non capit se mare,

    Sen. Agam. 487:

    neque enim capiebant funera portae,

    Ov. M. 7, 607:

    officium populi vix capiente domo,

    id. P. 4, 4, 42:

    si di habitum corporis tui aviditati animi parem esse voluissent, orbis te non caperet,

    Curt. 7, 8, 12:

    ut non immerito proditum sit... Graeciam omnem vix capere exercitum ejus (Xerxis) potuisse,

    Just. 2, 10, 19.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To swallow up, ingulf, take in (rare):

    tot domus locupletissimas istius domus una capiet?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 7.—
    2. a.
    Affirmatively (rare):

    quidquid mortalitas capere poterat, implevimus,

    Curt. 9, 3, 7:

    si puer omni cura et summo, quantum illa aetas capit, labore, scripserit,

    Quint. 2, 4, 17:

    dummodo ejus aetatis sit, ut dolum capiat,

    Dig. 40, 12, 15.—
    b.
    With negatives:

    non capiunt angustiae pectoris tui (tantam personam),

    Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

    leones, qui... nec capere irarum fluctus in pectore possunt,

    Lucr. 3, 298:

    nec capiunt inclusas pectora flammas,

    Ov. M. 6, 466:

    vix spes ipse suas animo capit,

    id. ib. 11, 118:

    ardet et iram Non capit ipsa suam Progne,

    id. ib. 6, 610; cf.:

    sic quoque concupiscis quae non capis,

    Curt. 7, 8, 13:

    majora quam capit spirat,

    id. 6, 9, 11:

    ad ultimum magnitudinem ejus (fortunae) non capit,

    id. 3, 12, 20:

    infirma aetas majora non capiet,

    Quint. 1, 11, 13.—
    3.
    Transf., of things, to admit of, be capable of, undergo (post-Aug. and rare):

    rimam fissuramque non capit sponte cedrus,

    Plin. 16, 40, 78, § 212:

    molluscum... si magnitudinem mensarum caperet,

    id. 16, 16, 27, § 68:

    res non capit restitutionem, cum statum mutat,

    Dig. 4, 4, 19.—
    4.
    With inf., to be susceptible of, to be of a nature to, etc., = endechetai (late Lat.):

    nec capit humanis angoribus excruciari (Deus),

    Prud. Apoth. 154:

    crimina, quae non capiunt indulgeri,

    Tert. Pud. 1 fin.; id. Apol. 17; id. adv. Haer. 44 fin.; Paul. Nol. Carm. 9, 22.—
    5.
    Of the mind, to take, receive into the mind, comprehend, grasp, embrace (cf. intellego, to penetrate mentally, have insight into):

    sitque nonnumquam summittenda et contrahenda oratio, ne judex eam vel intellegere vel capere non possit,

    Quint. 11, 1, 45:

    nullam esse gratiam tantam, quam non vel capere animus meus in accipiendo... posset,

    id. 2, 6, 2:

    quae quidem ego nisi tam magna esse fatear, ut ea vix cujusquam mens aut cogitatio capere possit,

    Cic. Marcell. 2, 6; id. N. D. 1, 19, 49:

    senatus ille, quem qui ex regibus constare dixit, unus veram speciem Romani senatus cepit,

    Liv. 9, 17, 14:

    somnium laetius, quam quod mentes eorum capere possent,

    id. 9, 9, 14.—P. a. as subst.: Capta, ae, f., a surname of Minerva, as worshipped on the Coelian Mount, but for what reason is not known, Ov. F. 3, 837 sq.
    2.
    căpĭo, ōnis, f. [1. capio]; in the Lat. of the jurists,
    I.
    A taking:

    dominii,

    Dig. 39, 2, 18; Gell. 6 (7), 10, 3.—
    II.
    = usu capio or usucapio, the right of property acquired by prescription, Dig. 41, 1, 48, § 1; 41, 3, 21; 41, 5, 4; v. 1. usucapio.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Capta

  • 82 complector

    complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.
    a.
    Of persons, to clasp, embrace, as an expression of affection.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;

    mediam mulierem complectitur,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:

    tum ille artius puellam amplexus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    viri corpus,

    Lucr. 4, 1193:

    (adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,

    Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

    suum maritum,

    Ov. M. 12, 428:

    nepotes,

    Verg. A. 6, 786:

    aliquem conplexa tenere,

    Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:

    dextram euntis,

    Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:

    infirmis membra lacertis,

    Ov. M. 10, 407:

    genua. in supplication,

    Quint. 6, 1, 34:

    pedes alicujus,

    Luc. 10, 89.—
    (β).
    With inter se:

    nosque inter nos esse conplexos,

    Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58:

    conplecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,

    Liv. 7, 42, 6; Verg. A. 5, 766.—
    (γ).
    With in vicem, Quint. 7, 10, 17.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nequeunt conplecti satis,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32: Phr. Conplectere. Di. Lubens, id. Truc. 2, 4, 19:

    contineri qum conplectar non queo,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 65; id. Mil. 4, 8, 19; Prop. 1, [p. 390] 10, 5.—
    (ε).
    With cum and abl., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134.—
    b.
    In gen., to grasp, clasp, seize, encircle, surround, compass, enclose:

    (vitis) claviculis suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta complectitur,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 52:

    (orbis caelestis) extimus, qui reliquos omnis complectitur,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    complexi terram maris,

    Ov. M. 8, 731:

    ubi mollis amaracus illum (Ascanium) Floribus et dulci conplectitur umbrā,

    Verg. A. 1, 694:

    vestis complectens undique corpus,

    Cat. 64, 307:

    spatium,

    to mark out around for military purposes, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Auct. B. G. 8, 74; cf.

    of ploughing around,

    Ov. M. 15, 619:

    aliquem obsidione,

    Vell. 2, 51, 1 et saep.:

    caput digitis cruentis,

    Ov. M. 3, 727:

    manibus eminentia saxa,

    Curt. 7, 11, 15:

    dexterā impendentes ramos,

    id. 9, 5, 13.—Of grasping an adversary in fight:

    quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 4:

    qui cum inter se complexi in terram ex equis decidissent... non prius distracti sunt, quam alterum anima relinqueret,

    in contention, id. Eum. 4, 2.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of sleep, to seize upon, enfold:

    sopor fessos complectitur artus,

    Verg. A. 2, 253; cf.:

    me artior somnus conplexus est,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10.—
    B.
    To embrace something intellectually as a whole, to comprehend, understand:

    aliquid cogitatione et mente,

    Cic. Or. 2, 8; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 4:

    deum et divinum animum cogitatione,

    id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    omne caelum totamque cum universo mari terram mente,

    id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 25; 12, 2, 17:

    animo proxima quaeque meo,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 70:

    rei magnitudinem animo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19; Quint. 10, 6, 3; 10, 6, 6 al.; cf. without acc.:

    cum conplector animo, quattuor reperio causas, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 15.—Without mente, animo, etc.:

    perficies ut ego ista innumerabilia complectens nusquam labar?

    Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 114:

    totum genus judiciorum,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 32:

    formam animi magis quam corporis,

    to consider, Tac. Agr. 46:

    aliquid memoriā,

    Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; Quint. 2, 7, 3;

    and without memoria,

    id. 11, 2, 36.—
    C.
    To comprehend a multitude of objects in discourse or in a written representation, to comprise, express, describe, represent, explain; with acc. and abl. or adv.:

    omnia alicujus facta oratione,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

    omnium rerum memoriam breviter libro,

    id. Brut. 3, 14:

    orator autem sic illigat sententiam verbis, ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175:

    omnia unā comprehensione,

    id. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

    plura semel,

    Quint. 11, 1, 66:

    pauca paucis,

    id. 8, 3, 82; cf. id. 7, 3, 29:

    sententiam his verbis,

    id. 3, 6, 13.—Esp. with sententiā, to sum up in a formal vote or decree (of speeches in the Senate): causas complectar ipsā sententiā, in the motion or decree itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:

    sed ut aliquando sententiā complectar, ita censeo,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 36.—Hence,
    2.
    In philos. lang., to draw a conclusion, make an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; Auct. Her. 2, 29, 47; cf. complexio.—
    D.
    To embrace from love, to love, value, honor; to be addicted to, to care for; with acc. and abl.:

    aliquem honoribus et beneficiis suis,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

    eum beneficio,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    aliquem summā benevolentiā,

    id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:

    hunc omni tuā comitate,

    id. ib. 7, 5, 3:

    omnes caritate cives,

    Liv. 7, 40, 3:

    aliquem artā familiaritate,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 5 al. — Without abl.:

    hominem,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4. — Absol.: da te homini;

    complectetur,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2:

    quos fortuna complexa est,

    id. Lael. 15, 54:

    philosophiam,

    id. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:

    artes ingenuas,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 9:

    causam eam,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 44; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3:

    otium,

    id. ib. 2, 6, 1.—
    E.
    To embrace, include:

    cari sunt parentes, cari liberi, propinqui, familiares, sed omnis omnium caritates patria una complexa est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 87:

    licet haec omnia complectatur eversio,

    Quint. 8, 3, 69; 2, 15, 13.—
    F.
    (Causa pro effectu.) To take into possession, to seize, lay hold of, to make one ' s self master of (rare):

    (philosophiae) vis valet multum, cum est idoneam complexa naturam,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

    facultatem aliquam,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; Liv. 44, 1, 12:

    plures provincias complexus sum quam alii urbes ceperunt,

    Curt. 6, 3, 4.
    ► *
    a.
    Act. collat form complecto, ĕre: quando convenit complectite, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 472 fin.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—
    b.
    complector, ti, in pass. signif.: invidiosā fortunā complecti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:

    quo uno maleficio scelera omnia complexa esse videantur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37 (but in Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 40, and id. Fin. 3, 12, 41, the best read. is completur).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > complector

  • 83 conplector

    complector ( conp-), plexus, 3, v. dep. (in signif. mostly coinciding with amplector), prop., to entwine around a person or thing (cf. amplector; class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Lit.
    a.
    Of persons, to clasp, embrace, as an expression of affection.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    vidi et illam et hospitem Conplexum atque ausculantem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 53: adcurrit;

    mediam mulierem complectitur,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 106:

    tum ille artius puellam amplexus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103:

    viri corpus,

    Lucr. 4, 1193:

    (adulescentem) complexus osculatusque dimiserit,

    Cic. Att. 16, 5, 2:

    suum maritum,

    Ov. M. 12, 428:

    nepotes,

    Verg. A. 6, 786:

    aliquem conplexa tenere,

    Cic. Font. 21, 47 (17, 36); cf. Stat. S. 2, 1, 121.—Of parts of the person:

    dextram euntis,

    Verg. A. 8, 558; Ov. M. 6, 494; cf. Curt. 6, 7, 8:

    infirmis membra lacertis,

    Ov. M. 10, 407:

    genua. in supplication,

    Quint. 6, 1, 34:

    pedes alicujus,

    Luc. 10, 89.—
    (β).
    With inter se:

    nosque inter nos esse conplexos,

    Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58:

    conplecti inter se lacrimantes milites coepisse,

    Liv. 7, 42, 6; Verg. A. 5, 766.—
    (γ).
    With in vicem, Quint. 7, 10, 17.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    nequeunt conplecti satis,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32: Phr. Conplectere. Di. Lubens, id. Truc. 2, 4, 19:

    contineri qum conplectar non queo,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 65; id. Mil. 4, 8, 19; Prop. 1, [p. 390] 10, 5.—
    (ε).
    With cum and abl., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 134.—
    b.
    In gen., to grasp, clasp, seize, encircle, surround, compass, enclose:

    (vitis) claviculis suis quasi manibus quicquid est nacta complectitur,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 52:

    (orbis caelestis) extimus, qui reliquos omnis complectitur,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    complexi terram maris,

    Ov. M. 8, 731:

    ubi mollis amaracus illum (Ascanium) Floribus et dulci conplectitur umbrā,

    Verg. A. 1, 694:

    vestis complectens undique corpus,

    Cat. 64, 307:

    spatium,

    to mark out around for military purposes, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Auct. B. G. 8, 74; cf.

    of ploughing around,

    Ov. M. 15, 619:

    aliquem obsidione,

    Vell. 2, 51, 1 et saep.:

    caput digitis cruentis,

    Ov. M. 3, 727:

    manibus eminentia saxa,

    Curt. 7, 11, 15:

    dexterā impendentes ramos,

    id. 9, 5, 13.—Of grasping an adversary in fight:

    quoad stans complecti posset atque contendere,

    Nep. Epam. 2, 4:

    qui cum inter se complexi in terram ex equis decidissent... non prius distracti sunt, quam alterum anima relinqueret,

    in contention, id. Eum. 4, 2.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of sleep, to seize upon, enfold:

    sopor fessos complectitur artus,

    Verg. A. 2, 253; cf.:

    me artior somnus conplexus est,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 10, 10.—
    B.
    To embrace something intellectually as a whole, to comprehend, understand:

    aliquid cogitatione et mente,

    Cic. Or. 2, 8; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 4:

    deum et divinum animum cogitatione,

    id. Tusc. 1, 22, 51:

    omne caelum totamque cum universo mari terram mente,

    id. Fin. 2, 34, 112; cf. Quint. 12, 1, 25; 12, 2, 17:

    animo proxima quaeque meo,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 70:

    rei magnitudinem animo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 5, 19; Quint. 10, 6, 3; 10, 6, 6 al.; cf. without acc.:

    cum conplector animo, quattuor reperio causas, etc.,

    Cic. Sen. 5, 15.—Without mente, animo, etc.:

    perficies ut ego ista innumerabilia complectens nusquam labar?

    Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 114:

    totum genus judiciorum,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 32:

    formam animi magis quam corporis,

    to consider, Tac. Agr. 46:

    aliquid memoriā,

    Cic. Div. 2, 71, 146; Quint. 2, 7, 3;

    and without memoria,

    id. 11, 2, 36.—
    C.
    To comprehend a multitude of objects in discourse or in a written representation, to comprise, express, describe, represent, explain; with acc. and abl. or adv.:

    omnia alicujus facta oratione,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 26, § 57:

    omnium rerum memoriam breviter libro,

    id. Brut. 3, 14:

    orator autem sic illigat sententiam verbis, ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175:

    omnia unā comprehensione,

    id. Fin. 5, 9, 26:

    plura semel,

    Quint. 11, 1, 66:

    pauca paucis,

    id. 8, 3, 82; cf. id. 7, 3, 29:

    sententiam his verbis,

    id. 3, 6, 13.—Esp. with sententiā, to sum up in a formal vote or decree (of speeches in the Senate): causas complectar ipsā sententiā, in the motion or decree itself, Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:

    sed ut aliquando sententiā complectar, ita censeo,

    id. ib. 14, 14, 36.—Hence,
    2.
    In philos. lang., to draw a conclusion, make an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; Auct. Her. 2, 29, 47; cf. complexio.—
    D.
    To embrace from love, to love, value, honor; to be addicted to, to care for; with acc. and abl.:

    aliquem honoribus et beneficiis suis,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

    eum beneficio,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    aliquem summā benevolentiā,

    id. Fam. 6, 14, 1:

    hunc omni tuā comitate,

    id. ib. 7, 5, 3:

    omnes caritate cives,

    Liv. 7, 40, 3:

    aliquem artā familiaritate,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 5 al. — Without abl.:

    hominem,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 4. — Absol.: da te homini;

    complectetur,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2:

    quos fortuna complexa est,

    id. Lael. 15, 54:

    philosophiam,

    id. Brut. 93, 322; cf.:

    artes ingenuas,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 9:

    causam eam,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 44; cf. id. Att. 16, 15, 3:

    otium,

    id. ib. 2, 6, 1.—
    E.
    To embrace, include:

    cari sunt parentes, cari liberi, propinqui, familiares, sed omnis omnium caritates patria una complexa est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 87:

    licet haec omnia complectatur eversio,

    Quint. 8, 3, 69; 2, 15, 13.—
    F.
    (Causa pro effectu.) To take into possession, to seize, lay hold of, to make one ' s self master of (rare):

    (philosophiae) vis valet multum, cum est idoneam complexa naturam,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

    facultatem aliquam,

    id. Fam. 10, 12, 5; Liv. 44, 1, 12:

    plures provincias complexus sum quam alii urbes ceperunt,

    Curt. 6, 3, 4.
    ► *
    a.
    Act. collat form complecto, ĕre: quando convenit complectite, Pompon. ap. Non. p. 472 fin.; cf. Prisc. p. 797 P.—
    b.
    complector, ti, in pass. signif.: invidiosā fortunā complecti, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.:

    quo uno maleficio scelera omnia complexa esse videantur,

    id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37 (but in Cic. Tusc. 5, 14, 40, and id. Fin. 3, 12, 41, the best read. is completur).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conplector

  • 84 devoveo

    dē-vŏvĕo, vōvi, vōtum, 2, v. a.
    I.
    To vow, devote (usually to a deity).
    A.
    Prop. (class.):

    Marti ea, quae bello ceperint,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 3; so,

    Dianae pulcherrimum,

    Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95:

    gnatam pro muta agna,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 219 et saep.;

    esp. freq.: se diis, or simply se,

    to devote one's self to death, to sacrifice one's self, Cic. N. D. 2, 3 fin.; id. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

    se pro aere alieno, in jesting allusion to the death of the Decii,

    id. Phil. 11, 6, 13:

    se pro patria Quiritibusque Romanis,

    Liv. 5, 41, 3; id. 8, 9; 9, 4; Verg. A. 12, 234:

    devota vita,

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12; cf.:

    devotis corporibus in hostem ruentes,

    Liv. 9, 17:

    ancipiti deum irae devotus,

    id. 10, 39: hinc Remus auspicio se devovet, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107:

    devota morti pectora,

    Hor. Od. 4, 14, 18; cf.

    without morti: stabat devota juventus,

    Luc. 4, 533:

    caput pro salute alicujus,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, extr. 2 et saep.—
    B.
    Transf., to devote, give up, attach (rarely):

    vobis animam hanc devovi,

    Verg. A. 11, 442; cf.:

    suos annos soli tibi,

    Ov. M. 14, 683; esp.: se, to give one's self up to, devote one's self to:

    se amicitiae alicujus,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 22, 2; cf.:

    se gloriae,

    Curt. 9, 6 fin.:

    se regibus,

    Sall. Hist. Fragm. 1, 73.—
    C.
    To promise solemnly, vow; with inf. or obj. clause (late Lat.):

    qui se devoverunt, nec manducare nec bibere,

    Vulg. Act. 23, 21:

    totam vitam suam serviturum se esse devovit,

    August. Serm. 286, 4; Gregor. M. Homil. 1, 19, 7.—
    D.
    To mark out, destine, appoint:

    exspectatione omnium T. Annio devota et constituta ista hostia esse videtur,

    Cic. Harusp. Resp. 3, 6.—
    II.
    Qs. to devote to the infernal gods, i. e. to curse, to execrate (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose—for syn. cf. detestor):

    aliquem,

    Nep. Alcib. 4, 5:

    natum suum (Theseus),

    Ov. F. 6, 738:

    se ipse,

    Quint. 5, 6, 2:

    scelerata arma,

    Ov. M. 5, 102:

    suas artes,

    id. ib. 8, 234:

    devota arbos,

    Hor. Od. 3, 4, 27:

    devoti sanguinis aetas,

    id. Epod. 16, 9 et saep.; v. such a form of imprecation in Macr. S. 3, 9.—
    III.
    To bewitch by conjurations ( poet.):

    aliquem carminibus, pollentibus herbis,

    Tib. 1, 8, 18:

    aliquem trajectis lanis,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 80; cf.:

    devota veneno corpora,

    id. ib. 3, 7, 27. —Hence, dēvōtus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to no. I. B.).
    A.
    Devoted to any one, i. e. attached, faithful (post-Aug.):

    ni tibi deditus essem Devotusque cliens,

    Juv. 9, 72;

    so with deditus,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 5:

    devotissimus alicui,

    Suet. Caes. 67 fin.; cf. Sen. Ben. 5, 17; and:

    DEVOTISSIMVS NVMINI MAIESTATIQVE EIVS,

    Inscr. Orell. 859; and so in comp., Claud. B. Gild. 289: animus alicui devotus, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 67:

    equester ordo scenae harenaeque devotus,

    id. Calig. 30.— Poet.:

    devotae in externa proelia dextrae,

    ready for, Luc. 3, 311.— Subst.:

    cum DC devotis, quos illi Soldurios appellant,

    with six hundred faithful followers, Caes. B. G. 3, 22, 1. —
    B.
    In Christian authors, pious, devout:

    Roma Deo,

    Prud. adv. Symm. 2 fin.:

    filia Christo,

    Hier. Ep. 108, 2:

    jejunia,

    Aus. Idyll. 1, 2; so, obedient to authority, Cassiod. Varr. 2, 16.—
    C.
    Like deditus, given to, abandoned to a habit or thing (rare):

    vino,

    Phaedr. 4, 5, 6.— Adv.: dēvōtē, devotedly, faithfully: devote ac strenue, Cod. Th. 6, 24, 10.— Sup.:

    Deo devotissime serviamus,

    Lact. 6, 9 fin.; Aug. Ep. 86 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > devoveo

  • 85 discedo

    dis-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 ( perf. sync. discesti, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3), v. n.
    I.
    (With the notion of dis predominating.)
    A.
    To part asunder, divide, separate (rare but class.; cf.: linquo, relinquo, desero, desum, destituo, deficio).
    1.
    Lit.:

    cum terra discessisset magnis quibusdam imbribus,

    Cic. Off. 3, 9:

    caelum,

    opens, id. Div. 1, 43, 97; 1, 44, 99, i. e. clears off, Verg. A. 9, 20 (this last is quoted in Sen. Q. N. 7, 20):

    sulcus vomere,

    Luc. 6, 382: VT SODALITATES DECVRIATIQVE DISCEDERENT, SC. ap. Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5; cf.:

    cum discedere populum jussissent tribuni,

    Liv. 3, 11:

    populus ex contione,

    Sall. J. 34 fin.: armati in latitudinem, Sisenn. ap. Non. 99, 7:

    in duas partes,

    Sall. J. 13, 1:

    in partes,

    Tac. A. 1, 49; cf.:

    in manipulos,

    id. ib. 1, 34:

    fumus in auras,

    Lucr. 3, 436:

    ad semina rerum,

    id. 2, 833:

    palus multos discessit in amnes,

    Luc. 6, 360:

    citius paterer caput hoc discedere collo,

    Prop. 2, 6, 7.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    divisio in tres partes,

    Quint. 12, 10, 58:

    haec in duo genera,

    id. 3, 6, 86.—
    B.
    To part from one's connection with one, i. e. to leave, forsake, desert (rare but class.).—With a or ab: uxor a Dolabella discessit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6:

    ab amicis in re publica peccantibus,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    ab amicis,

    id. ib. 20, 75:

    a nobis,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 60, 3:

    milites in itinere ab eo discedunt,

    id. ib. 1, 12, 2:

    a Perseo,

    Liv. 43, 6.
    II.
    (With the notion of cedere predominating.) To depart from any place or person, to go away from, to leave (cf.: proficiscor, abeo; so most frequently in all periods and sorts of composition).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: constr. with ab, ex, or absol., rarely with de —With ab: cum discesti ab [p. 586] hero, atque abisti ad forum, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 3;

    so with abire,

    id. ib. 3, 3, 13; Cic. Att. 7, 2 fin.:

    quod legati eorum paulo ante a Caesare discesserant,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 1:

    ab suis,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 6:

    ab exercitu,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 1; id. B. C. 1, 9, 3 et saep.:

    a senis latere numquam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    a vallo,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 37, 3:

    ab loco,

    id. ib. 5, 34, 1:

    a litore,

    id. ib. 5, 8 fin. et saep.—With ex:

    non modo illum e Gallia non discessisse, sed ne a Mutina quidem recessisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 21:

    ex contione,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 33, 2:

    e medio,

    Suet. Caes. 1:

    e patria,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 85 et saep.—With de:

    de foro,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147; 2, 4, 22, § 49; id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79:

    de colloquio,

    Liv. 32, 40.—With abl. without a prep.:

    templo,

    Ov. M. 1, 381:

    finibus Ausoniae,

    id. Tr. 1, 3, 5:

    lecto,

    id. H. 1, 81:

    Tarracone,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 21, 5:

    Capua,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21.— Absol.:

    ille discessit, ego somno solutus sum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 26 fin.;

    so,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 3; id. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 9, 8 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    ne longius ab agmine discedi pateretur,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 19, 3:

    ab concilio disceditur,

    id. ib. 7, 2 fin.:

    de colloquio discessum,

    Liv. 32, 40; Caes. B. C. 3, 87 fin.; Tac. A. 6, 44 fin.
    b.
    Designating the term. ad quem, to go away to any place:

    in silvas,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 39, 2:

    ex fuga in civitates,

    id. ib. 7, 88 fin.:

    in castra,

    id. B. C. 1, 83, 3:

    in proximos colles,

    Sall. J. 54 fin.:

    in loca occulta,

    id. ib. 56, 3:

    ad urbem,

    Verg. A. 12, 184 et saep.:

    Capreas,

    Tac. A. 6, 20:

    ex castris domum,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 7, 5; cf.

    simply domum,

    id. B. C. 1, 13, 3; 3, 87, 3:

    domos suas,

    Nep. Them. 4, 2 al.:

    cubitum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 10.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    In milit. lang., to march off, march away, decamp:

    discessit a Brundisio obsessionemque nostrorum omisit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 24 fin.:

    ab Gergovia,

    id. B. G. 7, 43 fin.:

    a mari Dyrrhachioque,

    id. B. C. 3, 44, 1:

    ab Zama,

    Sall. J. 61 al.:

    ex ea parte vici,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2, 1:

    ex hibernis,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 3:

    ex eo loco,

    id. B. C. 3, 30, 7; cf.:

    ex iis locis cum classe,

    id. ib. 3, 101 fin.:

    Tarracone,

    id. ib. 2, 21, 5 et saep.:

    dispersi ac dissipati discedunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 58, 3; so absol., id. ib. 5, 53 fin.; 6, 33, 4 et saep.;

    so milit.: discedere ab signis,

    to quit the standard, leave the order of battle, Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1; id. B. C. 1, 44, 4; Liv. 25, 20:

    qui discedere et abire cœptabant,

    i. e. to break ranks and go away, Suet. Oth. 11; cf.: ab ordinibus signisque Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3:

    ab armis,

    to lay down one's arms, Caes. B. G. 5, 41, 8; id. B. C. 1, 9, 5; Sall. C. 34, 1; Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; Liv. 9, 14 al.—
    b.
    Also in milit. lang., to get away, come away, come off in any manner from the battle (victorious, conquered, wounded, etc.); and sometimes to be translated simply to become, to be, etc.:

    superiores,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 47, 1; so,

    superior,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    victor,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 47, 6; cf.:

    victor ab hoste,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 37:

    victus,

    to be conquered, Sall. C. 49, 2:

    graviter vulneratus,

    id. ib. 61, 7 et saep.:

    aequo proelio,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 7; cf.:

    aequa manu,

    Sall. C. 39, 4:

    aequo Marte cum Volscis,

    Liv. 2, 40:

    sine detrimento,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 46, 6 et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    a proelio disceditur,

    Just. 6, 7, 12.—
    (β).
    Transf. beyond the milit. sphere (freq. into the judicial sphere, on account of its analogy to the former):

    ut spoliis Sexti Roscii hoc judicio ornati auctique discedant,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.:

    superiorem,

    id. Caecin. 1, 2; so,

    liberatus,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 3:

    omnium judicio probatus,

    Cic. Brut. 64, 229:

    impunita (tanta injuria),

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 30 et saep.:

    discessisses non male,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 70; cf.:

    pulchre et probe et praeter spem,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 58:

    aut cum summa gloria aut sine molestia,

    Cic. Att. 2, 21 fin.; cf.:

    a judicio capitis maximā gloriā,

    Nep. Epam. 8 fin.:

    ita tum discedo ab illo, ut qui se filiam Neget daturum,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 121; cf.:

    si possum discedere, ne causa optima in senatu pereat,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16 fin.
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to depart, deviate, swerve from; to leave, forsake, give up:

    nihil a statu naturae, nihil a dignitate sapientis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 20, 67:

    a fide justitiaque,

    id. ib. 3, 20, 79:

    longe ab consuetudine mea et cautione ac diligentia,

    id. Font. 1, 2:

    a constantia atque a mente, atque a se ipse,

    id. Div. 2, 55, 114; cf.:

    a se,

    id. Brut. 79, 273; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33; 4, 5, 41; id. Tusc. 4, 6, 11: a recta conscientia, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 20:

    a sua sententia,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 5: ab officio, id. B. G. 1, 40, 3:

    ab oppugnatione castrorum,

    id. B. C. 2, 31, 3 et saep.:

    a judiciisque causisque,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    a litteris,

    id. Fam. 9, 26:

    ab illa acerrima contentione,

    id. Or. 31:

    ab illa cavillatione,

    Quint. 12, 2, 14:

    a suscepta semel persuasione,

    id. 12, 2, 26 et saep.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Pregn., to pass away, to vanish, to cease (very rarely):

    modo audivi, quartanam a te discessisse,

    had left you, Cic. Att. 8, 6:

    ex animo memoria alicujus,

    id. Rep. 6, 9: hostibus spes potiundi oppidi discessit (opp. studium propugnandi accessit), Caes. B. G. 2, 7, 2:

    ubi hae sollicitudines discessere,

    Liv. 4, 52 fin.
    b.
    In alicujus sententiam, in polit. lang., to pass or go over to another's opinion, Sall. C. 55, 1; Liv. 3, 41; 28, 45; cf.

    the opp., in alia omnia,

    Cic. Fam. 10, 12, 3 (v. alius). In like manner:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum SC., quo nisi paene in ipso urbis incendio... numquam ante discessum est,

    which had never before been resorted to, Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3;

    so perh.: ex oratione Caesaris... hanc in opinionem discessi, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 14 fin.
    c.
    Ab aliquo, in Cicero's letters in the sense of to leave out of consideration, i. e. to except:

    cum a vobis meae salutis auctoribus discesserim, neminem esse, cujus officiis me tam esse devinctum confitear,

    if I except you, you excepted, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 18:

    ut cum ab illo discesserint, me habeant proximum,

    id. ib. 6, 12, 2:

    amoris erga me, cum a fraterno amore domesticoque discessi, tibi primas defero,

    id. Att. 1, 17, 5.
    Once in the part.
    perf.: custodibus discessis, Cael. ap. Prisc. p. 869 P.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > discedo

  • 86 incidentia

    1.
    incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in foveam,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

    ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

    id. Fat. 3, 6:

    e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

    Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

    in segetem flamma,

    falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

    pestilentia in urbem,

    Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

    ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

    entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

    in oculos,

    Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

    incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    in laqueos,

    Juv. 10, 314.—
    (β).
    With other prepp.:

    incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

    Verg. A. 12, 926:

    (turris) super agmina late incidit,

    id. ib. 2, 467.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    incidere portis,

    to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

    lymphis putealibus,

    Lucr. 6, 1174:

    caput incidit arae,

    Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

    ultimis Romanis,

    id. 28, 13, 9:

    jacenti,

    Stat. Th. 5, 233:

    hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

    empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

    modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

    sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

    Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —
    B.
    In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

    Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

    cum hic in me incidit,

    id. ib. 41, 99:

    C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

    in insidias,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

    in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

    id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

    in manus alicujus,

    id. Clu. 7, 21:

    in vituperatores,

    id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    With inter:

    inter catervas armatorum,

    Liv. 25, 39.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

    Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

    sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

    incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

    Verg. A. 11, 699.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

    App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

    fatales laqueos,

    Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—
    C.
    Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

    postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

    id. 28, 13, 9.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fall into any condition.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in morbum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    in miserias,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

    qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

    Liv. 41, 21, 5:

    ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    in honoris contentionem,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

    in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    in furorem et insaniam,

    Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —
    (β).
    With acc. alone:

    caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

    Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

    amorem,

    id. ib. 14, 1.—
    B.
    To fall upon, befall:

    eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

    Liv. 27, 23, 6:

    tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

    fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

    ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

    happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

    non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

    fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

    id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

    id. Lael. 1, 2:

    in varios sermones,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

    cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

    id. Brut. 2, 9:

    iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

    Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—
    2.
    To come or occur to one's mind:

    sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

    come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

    redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

    id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

    tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

    dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

    nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

    potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

    Liv. 1, 57, 6.—
    3.
    To fall upon, happen in a certain time.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

    quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

    Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

    quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

    facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

    cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

    id. Pis. 4, 8:

    quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

    Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

    quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—
    (β).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

    Sol. 1, § 44.—
    4.
    To fall out, happen, occur:

    et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

    si quid tibi durius inciderit,

    Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

    incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

    id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

    potest incidere quaestio,

    Quint. 7, 1, 19:

    verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

    id. 2, 5, 4:

    in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

    id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

    verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

    Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

    si quando ita incidat,

    Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

    forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 23, 2:

    forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

    id. 1, 46, 5.—
    5.
    To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

    ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—
    6.
    To stumble upon, undertake at random:

    sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.
    2.
    incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

    arbores,

    Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

    inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

    id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

    palmes inciditur in medullam,

    id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

    venam,

    to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

    incisi nervi,

    Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

    circa vulnus scalpello,

    Cels. 5, 27, 3:

    pinnas,

    to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

    vites falce,

    Verg. E. 3, 11:

    pulmo incisus,

    cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

    eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

    i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

    nos linum incidimus, legimus,

    cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

    funem,

    Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

    nocentes homines vivos,

    id. ib.:

    quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

    cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

    squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

    Stat. Th. 5, 517:

    non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

    engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

    tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

    Liv. 6, 29 fin.
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

    foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

    id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

    in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

    74: nomina in tabula incisa,

    id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

    notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

    id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

    incidens litteras in fago recenti,

    Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

    indicem in aeneis tabulis,

    Suet. Aug. 101:

    quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

    Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

    Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

    leges in aes incisae,

    Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

    lege jam in aes incisā,

    Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

    quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—
    (γ).
    With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    verba ceris,

    Ov. M. 9, 529:

    amores arboribus,

    Verg. E. 10, 53:

    fastos marmoreo parieti,

    Suet. Gramm. 17:

    nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

    Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

    primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

    i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    incidebantur jam domi leges,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

    tabula his litteris incīsa,

    Liv. 6, 29, 9:

    sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

    inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

    Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—
    2.
    To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

    ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 245:

    novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

    Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

    poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

    have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

    inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

    tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 884:

    novas lites,

    Verg. E. 9, 14:

    ludum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

    vocis genus crebro incidens,

    broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—
    B.
    To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

    media,

    to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

    qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

    id. 4, 2, 5:

    Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

    cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

    spe incisā,

    id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

    tantos actus,

    Sil. 3, 78:

    ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

    Sen. Ep. 101:

    testamentum,

    to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—
    C.
    In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

    aequaliter particulas,

    Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,
    1.
    incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

    incisiones et membra,

    id. 64, 261):

    incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

    Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—
    2.
    incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

    quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

    Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incidentia

  • 87 incido

    1.
    incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in foveam,

    Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

    ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

    id. Fat. 3, 6:

    e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

    Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

    in segetem flamma,

    falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

    pestilentia in urbem,

    Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

    ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

    entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

    in oculos,

    Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

    incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

    Liv. 27, 13, 2:

    in laqueos,

    Juv. 10, 314.—
    (β).
    With other prepp.:

    incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

    Verg. A. 12, 926:

    (turris) super agmina late incidit,

    id. ib. 2, 467.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    incidere portis,

    to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

    lymphis putealibus,

    Lucr. 6, 1174:

    caput incidit arae,

    Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

    ultimis Romanis,

    id. 28, 13, 9:

    jacenti,

    Stat. Th. 5, 233:

    hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

    empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

    modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

    sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

    Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —
    B.
    In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

    Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

    cum hic in me incidit,

    id. ib. 41, 99:

    C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

    in insidias,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

    in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

    id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

    in manus alicujus,

    id. Clu. 7, 21:

    in vituperatores,

    id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    With inter:

    inter catervas armatorum,

    Liv. 25, 39.—
    (γ).
    With dat.:

    qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

    Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

    sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

    incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

    Verg. A. 11, 699.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

    App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

    fatales laqueos,

    Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—
    C.
    Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

    postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

    id. 28, 13, 9.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to fall into any condition.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    in morbum,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

    in miserias,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

    qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

    Liv. 41, 21, 5:

    ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

    Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

    quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

    Sall. C. 14, 4:

    in honoris contentionem,

    Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

    in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    in furorem et insaniam,

    Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —
    (β).
    With acc. alone:

    caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

    Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

    amorem,

    id. ib. 14, 1.—
    B.
    To fall upon, befall:

    eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

    Liv. 27, 23, 6:

    tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

    fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

    ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

    happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

    non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

    fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

    id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

    in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

    id. Lael. 1, 2:

    in varios sermones,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

    cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

    id. Brut. 2, 9:

    iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

    Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—
    2.
    To come or occur to one's mind:

    sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

    come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

    redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

    id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

    tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

    id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

    dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

    nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

    potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

    Liv. 1, 57, 6.—
    3.
    To fall upon, happen in a certain time.
    (α).
    With in and acc.:

    quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

    quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

    Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

    quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

    facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

    cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

    id. Pis. 4, 8:

    quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

    Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

    quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—
    (β).
    With acc. alone (late Lat.):

    ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

    Sol. 1, § 44.—
    4.
    To fall out, happen, occur:

    et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

    si quid tibi durius inciderit,

    Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

    incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

    id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

    potest incidere quaestio,

    Quint. 7, 1, 19:

    verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

    id. 2, 5, 4:

    in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

    id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

    verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

    Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

    si quando ita incidat,

    Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

    forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 26, 23, 2:

    forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

    id. 1, 46, 5.—
    5.
    To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

    ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

    Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—
    6.
    To stumble upon, undertake at random:

    sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.
    2.
    incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

    arbores,

    Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

    inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

    id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

    palmes inciditur in medullam,

    id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

    venam,

    to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

    incisi nervi,

    Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

    circa vulnus scalpello,

    Cels. 5, 27, 3:

    pinnas,

    to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

    vites falce,

    Verg. E. 3, 11:

    pulmo incisus,

    cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

    eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

    i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

    nos linum incidimus, legimus,

    cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

    funem,

    Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

    nocentes homines vivos,

    id. ib.:

    quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

    cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

    squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

    Stat. Th. 5, 517:

    non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

    engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

    tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

    Liv. 6, 29 fin.
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.
    (α).
    With in and abl.:

    id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

    foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

    id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

    in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

    74: nomina in tabula incisa,

    id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

    notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

    id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

    incidens litteras in fago recenti,

    Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

    indicem in aeneis tabulis,

    Suet. Aug. 101:

    quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

    Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

    Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

    leges in aes incisae,

    Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

    lege jam in aes incisā,

    Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

    quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—
    (γ).
    With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

    verba ceris,

    Ov. M. 9, 529:

    amores arboribus,

    Verg. E. 10, 53:

    fastos marmoreo parieti,

    Suet. Gramm. 17:

    nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

    Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

    primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

    i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    incidebantur jam domi leges,

    Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

    tabula his litteris incīsa,

    Liv. 6, 29, 9:

    sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

    inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

    Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—
    2.
    To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

    ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

    Ov. M. 8, 245:

    novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

    Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

    poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

    have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

    inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

    id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

    tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 884:

    novas lites,

    Verg. E. 9, 14:

    ludum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

    vocis genus crebro incidens,

    broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—
    B.
    To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

    media,

    to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

    qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

    id. 4, 2, 5:

    Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

    cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

    spe incisā,

    id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

    tantos actus,

    Sil. 3, 78:

    ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

    Sen. Ep. 101:

    testamentum,

    to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—
    C.
    In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

    aequaliter particulas,

    Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,
    1.
    incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

    incisiones et membra,

    id. 64, 261):

    incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

    Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—
    2.
    incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

    quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

    Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incido

  • 88 procumbo

    prō-cumbo, cŭbŭi, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n.
    I.
    Lit., to fall forwards, fall or sink down, to prostrate one's self; of the wounded, the dying, suppliants, etc. (class.; cf.;

    cado, ruo): procumbunt Gallis omnibus ad pedes Bituriges, ne pulcherrimam urbem succendere cogerentur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 15:

    genibus, Ov M. 13, 585: ad genua alicujus, Liv 25, 7: ad pedes alicujus,

    Gell. 10, 15, 10:

    ante pedes,

    Ov. M. 10, 415; Petr. 30:

    templis,

    Tib. 1, 5, 41 (1, 2, 83):

    qui vulneribus confecti procubuissent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27; so,

    in genua,

    Curt. 9, 5, 13:

    Coroebus Penelei dextrā Procumbit,

    Verg. A. 2, 424.—With dat. (post-Aug.):

    sibi tres legiones procubuisse,

    had yielded, Tac. A. 1, 59:

    veteranae cohortes, quibus nuper Othonis legiones procubuerint,

    id. H. 4, 17.— Poet., to fall upon, attack, Mart. 1, 60, 3.— To lean or bend forwards:

    olli certamine summo Procumbunt,

    i.e. they bend to their oars, Verg. A. 5, 197.—
    B.
    Transf., of inanimate subjects, to lean forwards, bend down, sink, to be beaten or broken down (class.):

    tigna prona ac fastigiata, ut secundum naturam fluminis procumberent,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17:

    frumenta imbribus procubuerant,

    i.e. were beaten down, id. ib. 6, 43:

    ne gravidis procumbat culmus aristis,

    Verg. G. 1, 111:

    ulmus in aram ipsam procumbebat,

    Plin. 16, 32, 57, § 132.—

    Of buildings: (domus) in domini procubuit caput,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 14:

    tecta super habitantes,

    Quint. 2, 16, 6; Plin. Pan. 50, 3; Ov. M. 13, 176.—
    2.
    To be upset, break down; of a vehicle: nam si procubuit qui saxa Ligustica portat Axis, Juv 3, 257.—
    II.
    Trop., to fall or sink down ( poet. and post-Aug.): procumbere in voluptates, to sink into sen [p. 1454] suality, Sen. Ep. 18, 2:

    procumbentem rem publicam restituere,

    sinking, Vell. 2, 16, 4:

    res procubuere meae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 2.—
    B.
    To extend, spread:

    mons Haemus vasto jugo procumbens in Pontum,

    Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 45:

    planities sub radicibus montium spatiosa procumbit,

    Curt. 5, 4, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > procumbo

  • 89 rectum

    rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).
    I.
    Lit.:

    deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

    manus una (navem) regit,

    Lucr. 4, 903:

    onera navium velis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

    arte ratem,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

    clavum,

    Verg. A. 10, 218:

    te ventorum regat pater,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

    vela,

    Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

    coërcet et regit beluam,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

    equum,

    Liv. 35, 11:

    equos,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

    quadrupedes,

    id. M. 2, 86:

    spumantia ora (equi),

    id. ib. 8, 34:

    frena,

    id. P. 4, 12, 24:

    equi impotentes regendi,

    Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

    currus,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

    rege tela per auras,

    Verg. A. 9, 409:

    tela per viscera Caesaris,

    Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

    missum jaculum,

    Ov. M. 7, 684:

    sagittas nusquam,

    Luc. 7, 515:

    regens tenui vestigia filo,

    Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

    Daedalium iter lino duce,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

    caeca filo vestigia,

    Verg. A. 6, 30:

    diverso flamina tractu,

    Ov. M. 1, 59:

    gressus,

    Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—
    B.
    In partic., jurid. t. t.:

    regere fines,

    to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—
    II.
    Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

    domum,

    id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

    rem consilio,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

    belli fera munera Mavors regit,

    Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

    bella,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

    omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

    alicujus animum atque ingenium,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

    animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

    Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

    mores,

    Ov. M. 15, 834:

    animos dictis,

    Verg. A. 1, 153:

    animum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    ut me ipse regam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

    consilia senatus,

    Quint. 12, 1, 26:

    valetudines principis,

    Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

    valetudinem arbitratu suo,

    Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

    neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

    Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

    jam regi leges, non regere,

    Liv. 10, 13:

    utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

    vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

    Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

    Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

    Tac. H. 3, 50:

    nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

    quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    rem publicam,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

    1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

    2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

    Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

    Frisios,

    Tac. A. 4, 72:

    populos imperio,

    Verg. A. 6, 851:

    imperiis Italiam,

    id. ib. 4, 230:

    legiones,

    Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

    cohortes,

    id. H. 4, 12:

    exercitum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

    domum,

    Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

    diva, quae regis Antium,

    Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

    Diana, quae silentium regis,

    id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

    animi partes consilio,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

    rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

    Tiberio regente,

    Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

    stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

    Quint. 3, 8, 47:

    quo regente,

    Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

    Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

    i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—
    2.
    To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

    errantem regere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,
    I.
    P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

    contemptus regentium,

    Tac. A. 12, 54:

    in obsequium regentis,

    id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

    vita regentis,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

    excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

    in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—
    II.
    rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.
    A.
    Lit., of horizontal direction:

    pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

    Lucr. 4, 439:

    sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

    id. 2, 249 Munro:

    rectā regione iter instituere,

    Liv. 21, 31:

    India, rectā regione spatiosa,

    Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

    ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

    via,

    id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

    platea,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

    porta,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

    ostium,

    id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

    ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

    Lucr. 4, 93:

    cursus hinc in Africam,

    Liv. 26, 43:

    saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

    recto flumine,

    Verg. A. 8, 57:

    recto ad Iberum itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

    ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

    Verg. A. 8, 209:

    recto grassetur limite miles,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

    velut rectae acies concurrissent,

    in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

    acies,

    id. 35, 28:

    qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

    Quint. 8, 3, 9:

    hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

    adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

    Sen. Const. 5, 5:

    rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

    id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

    oculi,

    Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

    acies,

    Ov. M. 2, 776:

    lumen,

    Luc. 9, 638:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

    ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

    in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    saxa,

    perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

    rectae prope rupes,

    id. 38, 20:

    truncus,

    Ov. M. 7, 640:

    ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

    caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

    Quint. 11, 3, 69:

    homines,

    straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

    Quintia,

    id. 86, 1:

    puella,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

    senectus,

    Juv. 3, 26:

    iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

    does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

    vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

    Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

    crus Rectius,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

    rectior coma,

    smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

    longā trabe rectior exstet,

    Ov. M. 3, 78:

    crura,

    Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

    rectissima linea,

    Quint. 3, 6, 83:

    via,

    id. 12, 2, 27. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

    ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

    rectā viā depelli,

    Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

    so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

    Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

    recta consilia dare,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

    quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

    quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

    id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

    sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

    id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

    (oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

    id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

    per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

    id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

    recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

    Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

    rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

    a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

    cena,

    Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

    recta,

    Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

    domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

    Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

    nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

    i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

    absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

    suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

    rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

    id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

    aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

    Quint. 6, 3, 89:

    cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 6;

    so (opp. durum et incomptum),

    id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

    mutare aliquid a recto,

    id. 2, 13, 11:

    recta et vera loquere,

    i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

    qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

    Quint. 10, 5, 12:

    ea plerumque recta sunt,

    id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

    rectior divisio,

    Quint. 7, 2, 39:

    si quid novisti rectius istis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

    rectissima ratio,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

    honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

    nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

    id. Lael. 22, 82;

    so with honestum,

    id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

    (opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

    recta consilia (opp. prava),

    Liv. 1, 27:

    in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

    curvo dignoscere rectum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

    mens sibi conscia recti,

    Verg. A. 1, 604:

    fidem rectumque colebat,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

    Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

    in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

    animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    natura,

    id. S. 1, 6, 66:

    ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

    judex,

    Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

    auditor,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

    vir rectus et sanctus,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

    beatus judicii rectus,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

    rectum est gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—
    b.
    In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

    opp. obliqui casus),

    Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,
    A.
    rectā,
    B.
    rectō,
    C.
    rectē.
    A.
    rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

    hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

    jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

    id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

    tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

    Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

    Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —
    B.
    rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

    appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

    Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—
    C. 1.
    Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

    vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

    Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

    sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

    satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

    Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—
    2.
    Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

    recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

    fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

    so with commode,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

    recte et sapienter facit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

    recte atque ordine factum,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

    recte atque ordine facere,

    id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

    v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

    recte atque in loco constare,

    id. Mur. 12, 26:

    recte factum,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

    seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

    seu recte seu perperam facere,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

    recte dictum (opp. absurde),

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

    recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

    Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

    recte factum (opp. turpiter),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

    recte rationem tenes,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

    hercle quin tu recte dicis,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

    non recte judicas de Catone,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

    rectissime quidem judicas,

    id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

    tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

    monere,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

    admonere recte,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

    suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

    properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

    hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

    consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

    aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

    duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

    alicui recte dare epistulam,

    correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

    cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

    safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

    sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

    id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

    alicui suam salutem recte committere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

    si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

    goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

    ludi recte facti,

    id. 36, 2:

    ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

    id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

    valere,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

    apud matrem recte est,

    i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

    recte esse,

    id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

    recte sit oculis tuis,

    Gell. 13, 30, 11:

    olivetum recte putare,

    properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

    solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

    well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

    recte cavere,

    to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

    deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

    well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

    vortere,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

    alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

    nec recte loqui alicui,

    id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

    nec recte dicere in aliquem,

    id. As. 1, 3, 3;

    and simply nec recte dicere,

    id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

    hic tibi erit rectius,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

    rectius bella gerere,

    Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

    non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —
    b.
    With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

    locus recte ferax,

    Cato, R. R. 44:

    salvus sum recte,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

    morata recte,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

    oneratus recte,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

    non recte vinctus est,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—
    c.
    Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—
    B.
    So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

    rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

    i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

    in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

    Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > rectum

  • 90 regens

    rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).
    I.
    Lit.:

    deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

    manus una (navem) regit,

    Lucr. 4, 903:

    onera navium velis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

    arte ratem,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

    clavum,

    Verg. A. 10, 218:

    te ventorum regat pater,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

    vela,

    Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

    coërcet et regit beluam,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

    equum,

    Liv. 35, 11:

    equos,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

    quadrupedes,

    id. M. 2, 86:

    spumantia ora (equi),

    id. ib. 8, 34:

    frena,

    id. P. 4, 12, 24:

    equi impotentes regendi,

    Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

    currus,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

    rege tela per auras,

    Verg. A. 9, 409:

    tela per viscera Caesaris,

    Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

    missum jaculum,

    Ov. M. 7, 684:

    sagittas nusquam,

    Luc. 7, 515:

    regens tenui vestigia filo,

    Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

    Daedalium iter lino duce,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

    caeca filo vestigia,

    Verg. A. 6, 30:

    diverso flamina tractu,

    Ov. M. 1, 59:

    gressus,

    Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—
    B.
    In partic., jurid. t. t.:

    regere fines,

    to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—
    II.
    Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

    domum,

    id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

    rem consilio,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

    belli fera munera Mavors regit,

    Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

    bella,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

    omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

    alicujus animum atque ingenium,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

    animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

    Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

    mores,

    Ov. M. 15, 834:

    animos dictis,

    Verg. A. 1, 153:

    animum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    ut me ipse regam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

    consilia senatus,

    Quint. 12, 1, 26:

    valetudines principis,

    Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

    valetudinem arbitratu suo,

    Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

    neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

    Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

    jam regi leges, non regere,

    Liv. 10, 13:

    utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

    vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

    Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

    Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

    Tac. H. 3, 50:

    nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

    quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    rem publicam,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

    1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

    2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

    Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

    Frisios,

    Tac. A. 4, 72:

    populos imperio,

    Verg. A. 6, 851:

    imperiis Italiam,

    id. ib. 4, 230:

    legiones,

    Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

    cohortes,

    id. H. 4, 12:

    exercitum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

    domum,

    Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

    diva, quae regis Antium,

    Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

    Diana, quae silentium regis,

    id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

    animi partes consilio,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

    rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

    Tiberio regente,

    Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

    stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

    Quint. 3, 8, 47:

    quo regente,

    Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

    Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

    i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—
    2.
    To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

    errantem regere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,
    I.
    P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

    contemptus regentium,

    Tac. A. 12, 54:

    in obsequium regentis,

    id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

    vita regentis,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

    excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

    in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—
    II.
    rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.
    A.
    Lit., of horizontal direction:

    pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

    Lucr. 4, 439:

    sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

    id. 2, 249 Munro:

    rectā regione iter instituere,

    Liv. 21, 31:

    India, rectā regione spatiosa,

    Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

    ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

    via,

    id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

    platea,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

    porta,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

    ostium,

    id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

    ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

    Lucr. 4, 93:

    cursus hinc in Africam,

    Liv. 26, 43:

    saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

    recto flumine,

    Verg. A. 8, 57:

    recto ad Iberum itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

    ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

    Verg. A. 8, 209:

    recto grassetur limite miles,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

    velut rectae acies concurrissent,

    in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

    acies,

    id. 35, 28:

    qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

    Quint. 8, 3, 9:

    hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

    adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

    Sen. Const. 5, 5:

    rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

    id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

    oculi,

    Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

    acies,

    Ov. M. 2, 776:

    lumen,

    Luc. 9, 638:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

    ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

    in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    saxa,

    perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

    rectae prope rupes,

    id. 38, 20:

    truncus,

    Ov. M. 7, 640:

    ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

    caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

    Quint. 11, 3, 69:

    homines,

    straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

    Quintia,

    id. 86, 1:

    puella,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

    senectus,

    Juv. 3, 26:

    iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

    does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

    vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

    Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

    crus Rectius,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

    rectior coma,

    smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

    longā trabe rectior exstet,

    Ov. M. 3, 78:

    crura,

    Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

    rectissima linea,

    Quint. 3, 6, 83:

    via,

    id. 12, 2, 27. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

    ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

    rectā viā depelli,

    Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

    so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

    Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

    recta consilia dare,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

    quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

    quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

    id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

    sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

    id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

    (oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

    id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

    per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

    id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

    recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

    Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

    rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

    a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

    cena,

    Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

    recta,

    Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

    domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

    Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

    nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

    i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

    absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

    suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

    rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

    id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

    aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

    Quint. 6, 3, 89:

    cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 6;

    so (opp. durum et incomptum),

    id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

    mutare aliquid a recto,

    id. 2, 13, 11:

    recta et vera loquere,

    i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

    qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

    Quint. 10, 5, 12:

    ea plerumque recta sunt,

    id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

    rectior divisio,

    Quint. 7, 2, 39:

    si quid novisti rectius istis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

    rectissima ratio,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

    honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

    nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

    id. Lael. 22, 82;

    so with honestum,

    id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

    (opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

    recta consilia (opp. prava),

    Liv. 1, 27:

    in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

    curvo dignoscere rectum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

    mens sibi conscia recti,

    Verg. A. 1, 604:

    fidem rectumque colebat,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

    Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

    in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

    animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    natura,

    id. S. 1, 6, 66:

    ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

    judex,

    Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

    auditor,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

    vir rectus et sanctus,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

    beatus judicii rectus,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

    rectum est gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—
    b.
    In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

    opp. obliqui casus),

    Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,
    A.
    rectā,
    B.
    rectō,
    C.
    rectē.
    A.
    rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

    hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

    jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

    id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

    tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

    Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

    Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —
    B.
    rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

    appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

    Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—
    C. 1.
    Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

    vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

    Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

    sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

    satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

    Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—
    2.
    Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

    recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

    fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

    so with commode,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

    recte et sapienter facit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

    recte atque ordine factum,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

    recte atque ordine facere,

    id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

    v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

    recte atque in loco constare,

    id. Mur. 12, 26:

    recte factum,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

    seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

    seu recte seu perperam facere,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

    recte dictum (opp. absurde),

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

    recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

    Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

    recte factum (opp. turpiter),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

    recte rationem tenes,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

    hercle quin tu recte dicis,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

    non recte judicas de Catone,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

    rectissime quidem judicas,

    id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

    tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

    monere,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

    admonere recte,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

    suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

    properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

    hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

    consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

    aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

    duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

    alicui recte dare epistulam,

    correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

    cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

    safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

    sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

    id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

    alicui suam salutem recte committere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

    si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

    goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

    ludi recte facti,

    id. 36, 2:

    ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

    id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

    valere,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

    apud matrem recte est,

    i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

    recte esse,

    id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

    recte sit oculis tuis,

    Gell. 13, 30, 11:

    olivetum recte putare,

    properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

    solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

    well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

    recte cavere,

    to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

    deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

    well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

    vortere,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

    alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

    nec recte loqui alicui,

    id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

    nec recte dicere in aliquem,

    id. As. 1, 3, 3;

    and simply nec recte dicere,

    id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

    hic tibi erit rectius,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

    rectius bella gerere,

    Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

    non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —
    b.
    With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

    locus recte ferax,

    Cato, R. R. 44:

    salvus sum recte,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

    morata recte,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

    oneratus recte,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

    non recte vinctus est,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—
    c.
    Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—
    B.
    So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

    rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

    i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

    in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

    Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > regens

  • 91 rego

    rĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. arg-, argami, to obtain; Gr. oregô reach after; cf. [p. 1552] Sanscr. rāgan; Goth. reiks, king; Germ. Reich and Recht], to keep straight or from going wrong, to lead straight; to guide, conduct, direct (freq. and class.; syn.: guberno, moderor).
    I.
    Lit.:

    deus est, qui regit et moderatur et movet id corpus, cui praepositus est,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 24, 26:

    manus una (navem) regit,

    Lucr. 4, 903:

    onera navium velis,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 13:

    arte ratem,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 4, 12; cf.

    clavum,

    Verg. A. 10, 218:

    te ventorum regat pater,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 3:

    vela,

    Prop. 2, 28 (3, 24), 24:

    coërcet et regit beluam,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67:

    equum,

    Liv. 35, 11:

    equos,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 556; id. Ib. 474; cf.

    quadrupedes,

    id. M. 2, 86:

    spumantia ora (equi),

    id. ib. 8, 34:

    frena,

    id. P. 4, 12, 24:

    equi impotentes regendi,

    Liv. 35, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 28; Curt. 4, 15, 28:

    currus,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 4; Curt. 8, 14, 7: taurus ex grege, quem prope litora regebat, Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 715 P.; Quint. 1, 1, 27:

    rege tela per auras,

    Verg. A. 9, 409:

    tela per viscera Caesaris,

    Luc. 7, 350; cf.:

    missum jaculum,

    Ov. M. 7, 684:

    sagittas nusquam,

    Luc. 7, 515:

    regens tenui vestigia filo,

    Cat. 64, 113; cf.:

    Daedalium iter lino duce,

    Prop. 2, 14 (3, 6), 8:

    caeca filo vestigia,

    Verg. A. 6, 30:

    diverso flamina tractu,

    Ov. M. 1, 59:

    gressus,

    Vulg. Judic. 16, 26.—
    B.
    In partic., jurid. t. t.:

    regere fines,

    to draw the boundaries, mark out the limits, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55; id. Top. 10, 43; id. Mur. 9, 22; Tib. 1, 3, 44; cf. Dig. 10, 1, and Cod. Just. 3, 39 tit. Finium regundorum.—
    II.
    Trop., to guide, lead, conduct, manage, direct.
    A.
    In gen.:

    Deus qui omnem hunc mundum regit,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 13, 13:

    domum,

    id. ib. 1, 39, 61:

    rem consilio,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 13:

    belli fera munera Mavors regit,

    Lucr. 1, 33; cf.

    bella,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Sil. 7, 47:

    omnia nostra ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

    alicujus animum atque ingenium,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 90; cf.:

    animi motus (with moderari cupiditates),

    Cic. Part. Or. 22, 76:

    mores,

    Ov. M. 15, 834:

    animos dictis,

    Verg. A. 1, 153:

    animum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 62:

    ut me ipse regam,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 27:

    consilia senatus,

    Quint. 12, 1, 26:

    valetudines principis,

    Tac. A. 6, 50; cf.:

    valetudinem arbitratu suo,

    Suet. Tib. 68 al.:

    neque regerentur magis quam regerent casus,

    Sall. J. 1, 5; cf.:

    jam regi leges, non regere,

    Liv. 10, 13:

    utroque vorsum rectum est ingenium meum,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 6:

    vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,

    Cic. Att. 10, 6, 2; cf. Suet. Tib. 50; id. Claud. 9:

    Silvanum specie obsequii regebat,

    Tac. H. 3, 50:

    nemo regere potest, nisi qui et regi,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 15 fin.; Quint. 12, 10, 69.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To sway, control, rule, govern, have the supremacy over any thing:

    quare qui convenit polliceri operam suam rei publicae, cum rem publicam regere nesciant?

    Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    rem publicam,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 41;

    1, 27, 43: in iis civitatibus quae ab optimis reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 34 fin.;

    2, 9, 15: illa civitas optimatium arbitrio regi dicitur,

    id. ib. 1, 26, 42; cf.:

    Massilienses per delectos et principes cives summā justitiā reguntur,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

    Frisios,

    Tac. A. 4, 72:

    populos imperio,

    Verg. A. 6, 851:

    imperiis Italiam,

    id. ib. 4, 230:

    legiones,

    Tac. A. 15, 7; cf.

    cohortes,

    id. H. 4, 12:

    exercitum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 13, 2; id. Pan. 9, 2:

    domum,

    Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 4:

    diva, quae regis Antium,

    Hor. C. 1, 35, 1:

    Diana, quae silentium regis,

    id. Epod. 5, 51.— Transf., of abstract objects:

    animi partes consilio,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    ut unius potestate regatur salus et aequabilitas et otium civium,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 43:

    rex ille (Tarquinius) neque suos mores regere poterat neque suorum libidines,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 46.— Absol.:

    Tiberio regente,

    Tac. A. 4, 33; 13, 3:

    stare rempublicam nisi uno regente non posse,

    Quint. 3, 8, 47:

    quo regente,

    Verg. Cul. 333; Just. 1, 9, 23:

    Clemens ambitioso imperio regebat,

    i. e. used his authority to court popular favor, Tac. H. 2, 12.—
    2.
    To guide into the right way one who has erred; to set right, correct: non multa peccas, sed si peccas, te regere possum, old poet ap. Cic. Mur. 29, 60 (with corrigere and inflectere):

    errantem regere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 57:

    rogo, domine, consilio me regas, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 19 (30), 1; cf.: alicujus dubitationem, id. ib 10, 118 (119), 3.— Hence,
    I.
    P. a. as subst.: rĕgens, entis, m., a governor, prince, ruler, regent:

    contemptus regentium,

    Tac. A. 12, 54:

    in obsequium regentis,

    id. Or. 41: clementia regentis, Sen. Clem. 1, 22, 3:

    vita regentis,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 301:

    excogitare nemo quicquam poterit, quod magis decorum regenti sit quam clementia,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 1; id. Ep. 59, 7:

    in vulgus manant exempla regentum (= -tium),

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 168.—
    II.
    rectus, a, um, P. a., led straight along, drawn in a straight line (horizontal or vertical), straight, upright, orthos.
    A.
    Lit., of horizontal direction:

    pars Remorum recta est (opp. refracta),

    Lucr. 4, 439:

    sed nil omnino rectā regione viaï declinare,

    id. 2, 249 Munro:

    rectā regione iter instituere,

    Liv. 21, 31:

    India, rectā regione spatiosa,

    Curt. 8, 9, 2; cf. id. 7, 9, 2:

    ad nostras aedes hic quidem habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 26:

    via,

    id. Cas. 5, 2, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 79; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37; Ter. And. 3, 4, 21; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 80; Mart. 8, 75, 2; cf.

    platea,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58; Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 35; 43:

    porta,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 60:

    ostium,

    id. Mil. 2, 3, 58:

    ostia viarum (opp. iter flexum),

    Lucr. 4, 93:

    cursus hinc in Africam,

    Liv. 26, 43:

    saxa quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23 fin.:

    recto flumine,

    Verg. A. 8, 57:

    recto ad Iberum itinere,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 69; Liv. 22, 9:

    ne qua forent pedibus vestigia rectis,

    Verg. A. 8, 209:

    recto grassetur limite miles,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 477:

    velut rectae acies concurrissent,

    in a straight line, line of battle, Liv. 34, 28; so,

    acies,

    id. 35, 28:

    qui (quincunx), in quamcumque partem spectaveris, rectus est,

    Quint. 8, 3, 9:

    hic vos aliud nihil orat, nisi ut rectis oculis hanc urbem sibi intueri liceat,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 48:

    adversus adparatus terribilium rectos oculos tenet,

    Sen. Const. 5, 5:

    rectis oculis gladios micantes videre,

    id. Ep. 76, 33; 104, 24:

    oculi,

    Suet. Aug. 16; cf.

    acies,

    Ov. M. 2, 776:

    lumen,

    Luc. 9, 638:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 542.—Of vertical direction:

    ut hae (partes) rursum rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolent,

    in perpendicular lines, Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

    saxa,

    perpendicular, steep, Liv. 21, 36 (just before: pleraque Alpium arrectiora sunt); cf.:

    rectae prope rupes,

    id. 38, 20:

    truncus,

    Ov. M. 7, 640:

    ita jacere talum, ut rectus assistat: qui ita talus erit jactus ut cadet rectus,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 53:

    caput rectum et secundum naturam (opp. dejectum, supinum), in latus inclinatum,

    Quint. 11, 3, 69:

    homines,

    straight, erect, Cat. 10, 20; so,

    Quintia,

    id. 86, 1:

    puella,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 123:

    senectus,

    Juv. 3, 26:

    iterque Non agit in rectum, sed in orbem curvat eundem,

    does not shape his course directly forward, Ov. M. 2, 715:

    vidit ut hostiles in rectum exire cohortes,

    Luc. 7, 327. — Comp.:

    crus Rectius,

    Hor. S. 1, 2, 82:

    rectior coma,

    smoother, straighter, Sen. Ep. 95, 24:

    longā trabe rectior exstet,

    Ov. M. 3, 78:

    crura,

    Pall. 7, 7. — Sup.:

    rectissima linea,

    Quint. 3, 6, 83:

    via,

    id. 12, 2, 27. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., right, correct, proper, appropriate, befitting; opp. to what is false or improper: vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):

    ut rectā viā rem narret ordine omnem,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 28 (just before: aperte, ita ut res sese habet, narrato); cf. id. And. 2, 6, 11: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam: Ea res est, you ' re on the right way, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 39: in rectam redire semitam, cf. id. Cas. 2, 3, 33:

    rectā viā depelli,

    Quint. 2, 7, 29; 10, 1, 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 54; Quint. 2, 6, 2;

    so post-class.: de viā rectā declinare,

    Gell. 1, 3, 15: a rectā viā avertere, Aug. Civ Dei, 12, 17, 2: ad rectum iter retrahere, Hier. in Osee, 2, 8 sq.; id. in Mich. 3, 5:

    recta consilia dare,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

    quae sint in artibus recta ac prava dijudicare,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 195; cf.:

    quae sunt recta et simplicia laudantur,

    id. Off. 1, 36, 130; Quint. 9, 3, 3:

    sermo rectus et secundum naturam enunciatus,

    id. 2, 5, 11; cf.:

    (oratio) recta an ordine permutato,

    id. 1, 13, 5; 9, 4, 27:

    per Marathonis propugnatores recto sono juravit (opp. flexus vocis),

    id. 11, 3, 168 Spald.; cf. id. 11, 3, 64:

    recto ac justo proelio dimicare,

    Liv. 35, 4 fin.:

    rectarum cenarum consuetudo,

    a regular, formal supper, Suet. Dom. 7; so,

    cena,

    Mart. 2, 69, 7; 7, 20, 2; also absol.:

    recta,

    Suet. Aug. 74; Mart. 8, 50, 10:

    domus recta est (with contenta decore simplici),

    Sen. Ep. 100, 6:

    nominibus rectis expendere nummos,

    i. e. on good securities, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 105: ut natura dedit, sic omnis recta figura, correct, beautiful, Prop. 2, 18, 25 (3, 11, 3):

    absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

    suitable, qualified, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8.— Subst.: rectum, i, n.:

    rectum est etiam in illis contentionibus gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    quid verum, quid falsum, quid rectum in oratione pravumve,

    id. Ac. 1, 5, 19:

    aliter, quam est rectum verumque dicere,

    Quint. 6, 3, 89:

    cum sit rectum, Nocere facile est, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 6;

    so (opp. durum et incomptum),

    id. 8, 6, 65; (opp. vitiosum) id. 1, 5, 29:

    mutare aliquid a recto,

    id. 2, 13, 11:

    recta et vera loquere,

    i. e. sincerely, openly, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7:

    qui haec recta tantum et in nullos flexus recedentia copiose tractaverit,

    Quint. 10, 5, 12:

    ea plerumque recta sunt,

    id. 9, 2, 5; cf. id. 9, 2, 45.— Comp.:

    rectior divisio,

    Quint. 7, 2, 39:

    si quid novisti rectius istis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 67; Cic. Rep. 1, 40, 62.— Sup.:

    rectissima ratio,

    Quint. 2, 13, 3.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Morally right, correct, lawful, just, virtuous, noble, good (opp. pravus); as subst.: rectum, i, n., that which is right, good, virtuous; uprightness, rectitude, virtue (very freq.):

    honesta res dividitur in rectum et laudabile. Rectum est, quod cum virtute et officio fit,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: illud rectum, quod katorthôma dicebat, Cic. Fin. 4, 6, 15:

    nec quicquam nisi honestum et rectum ab altero postulare,

    id. Lael. 22, 82;

    so with honestum,

    id. ib. 21, 76; id. Fin. 1, 7, 25; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; id. Fam. 5, 19, 1 al.:

    (opp. pravum) neque id Putabit, pravum an rectum siet, quod petet,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 76; id. Phorm. 5, 2, 6; Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33; id. Or. 14, 45; id. Lig. 9, 30; Quint. 1, 3, 12; 2, 4, 20 et saep.; cf.:

    recta consilia (opp. prava),

    Liv. 1, 27:

    in rectis (opp. in pravitatibus),

    Cic. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

    curvo dignoscere rectum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 44:

    mens sibi conscia recti,

    Verg. A. 1, 604:

    fidem rectumque colebat,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    recta ingenia (opp. perversa),

    Plin. Ep. 4, 7, 3 et saep.:

    in omni vitā suā quemque a rectā conscientiā traversum unguem non oportet discedere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4:

    animus secundis Temporibus dubiisque rectus,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 36:

    natura,

    id. S. 1, 6, 66:

    ex consularibus, unus L. Caesar firmus est et rectus,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2:

    judex,

    Quint. 4, 1, 13; cf.

    auditor,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 19, 6:

    vir rectus et sanctus,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 5; cf. id. ib. 7, 31, 1:

    beatus judicii rectus,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 2.— Rectum est, with subjective-clause:

    rectum est gravitatem retinere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38 fin.; so id. ib. 3, 11, 47; id. Mur. 2, 3; id. Att. 6, 9, 4.—
    b.
    In gram.: rectus casus, the nominative case (because not inflected;

    opp. obliqui casus),

    Varr. L. L. 1 sq.; Quint. 1, 4, 13; 1, 5, 61; Gell. 13, 12, 4 et saep.—Hence the adverbs,
    A.
    rectā,
    B.
    rectō,
    C.
    rectē.
    A.
    rectā (sc. viā). straightway, straightforwards, right on, directly (freq. and class.):

    hic ad me rectā habet rectam viam,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 11; id. Ps. 4, 7, 37:

    jam ad regem rectā me ducam,

    id. Am. 4, 3, 8; 5, 1, 63; id. Capt. 3, 5, 93; id. Cas. prol. 43; id. Mil. 2, 5, 50; id. Merc. 5, 2, 92; id. Ps. 4, 2, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 13; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 7:

    tu rus hinc ibis?... rectā,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 79; id. Hec. 3, 3, 12; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 62; 5, 6, 19:

    Marius ab subselliis in rostra rectā,

    Cic. Off. 3, 20, 80; id. Att. 5, 14, 2; 6, 8, 1; 16, 10, 1; id. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Verr. 2, 5, 61, § 160; id. Cat. 1, 9, 23; Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63; Auct. B. Afr. 18; 40; Auct. B. Hisp. 3; Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 121 al.: tendimus hinc rectā Beneventum. Hor. S. 1, 5, 71. —
    B.
    rectō, straightforwards, directly (perh. only in the two foll. passages):

    appellationes, quae recto ad principem factae sunt,

    Dig. 49, 1, 21; Inscr. Grut. 611, 13.—
    C. 1.
    Lit., in a straight line (horizontal or perpendicular), straightly, perpendicularly, uprightly, orthôs (very rare):

    vitem bene enodatam deligato recte, flexuosa uti ne siet,

    Cato, R. R. 33, 4:

    sive aliae (atomi) declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur... quae (atomi) recte, quae oblique ferantur,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20:

    satyri, cum quadrupedes, tum recte currentes, humanā effigie,

    Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 24.—
    2.
    Trop., rightly, correctly, properly, duly, suitably, well, advantageously, accurately (very freq. in all periods and styles):

    recta et vera loquere, sed neque vere neque recte adhuc Fecisti umquam,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7; cf. Cic. Lael. 2, 8:

    fecisti edepol et recte et bene,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 20: si facias recte [p. 1553] aut commode, id. Cas. 2, 3, 42;

    so with commode,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 100:

    recte et sapienter facit,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 12:

    recte atque ordine factum,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 28:

    recte atque ordine facere,

    id. Phil. 3, 15, 38; Sall. C. 51, 4; Liv. 24, 31; 28, 39; 30, 17 et saep.;

    v. Brisson. Form. II. p. 197: recte ac merito miseriā commoveri,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

    recte atque in loco constare,

    id. Mur. 12, 26:

    recte factum,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 52:

    seu recte seu pervorse facta sunt,

    id. Trin. 1, 2, 146:

    seu recte seu perperam facere,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 31; so (opp. perperam) Sall. J. 31, 27; Liv. 29, 17:

    recte dictum (opp. absurde),

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 4:

    recte concludere (opp. vitiose),

    Cic. Ac. 2, 30, 98:

    recte factum (opp. turpiter),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 80 et saep.:

    recte rationem tenes,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47:

    hercle quin tu recte dicis,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 74; id. Merc. 2, 3, 77; 5, 4, 47: recte auguraris de me, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 1:

    non recte judicas de Catone,

    Cic. Lael. 2, 9; cf.:

    rectissime quidem judicas,

    id. Rep. 3, 32, 44:

    tum demum sciam Recta monuisse, si tu recte caveris,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 71 sq.:

    monere,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 96; id. Ps. 4, 4, 12; id. Pers. 4, 4, 53; id. Rud. 3, 5, 49; cf.:

    admonere recte,

    id. Men. 5, 9, 33:

    suis amicis recte res suas narrare,

    properly, openly, id. Poen. 5, 6, 2:

    hic (Epicurus) circumitione quādam deos tollens recte non dubitat divinationem tollere,

    consistently, logically, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40:

    aliquem asservare recte, ne aufugiat,

    duly, carefully, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 11:

    alicui recte dare epistulam,

    correctly, id. Ps. 4, 2, 33:

    cum fuit cui recte ad te litteras darem,

    safely, Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1; id. Fam. 1, 7, 1; so,

    sed habebat ducem Gabinium, quicum quidvis rectissime facere posset,

    id. Phil. 2, 19, 49; cf.:

    alicui suam salutem recte committere,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 6 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74:

    si recte ambulaverit is, qui hanc epistulam tulit,

    goes as he ought, Cic. Att. 9, 4, 3: tabernaculum recte captum, i. e. in the prescribed manner (opp. vitio captum), id. Div. 2, 35, 75; Liv. 4, 7; cf.:

    ludi recte facti,

    id. 36, 2:

    ver sacrum non esse recte factum,

    id. 34, 44: procedere recte, well, rightly, Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.): Pi. Recte valet? Ch. Vivit recte et valet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 11, and 14:

    valere,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 53:

    apud matrem recte est,

    i. e. she is quite well, Cic. Att. 1, 7 init.; so,

    recte esse,

    id. ib. 14, 16, 4 (with belle); Hor. S. 2, 3, 162 Orell.; cf.: Tullia nostra recte valet... Praeterea rectissime sunt apud te omnia, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

    recte sit oculis tuis,

    Gell. 13, 30, 11:

    olivetum recte putare,

    properly, advantageously, Cato, R. R. 44:

    solet illa recte sub manus succedere,

    well, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 2:

    recte cavere,

    to look out well, take good care, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 15; id. Ep. 2, 2, 107; id. Most. 3, 3, 23; id. Men. 2, 2, 72; cf.: recte sibi videre, to look out well for one ' s self, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 12 Ruhnk.:

    deos volo consilia vostra recte vortere,

    well, happily, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 31; so,

    vortere,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 41: recte vendere, well, i. e. dearly, at a high price (opp. male), Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227:

    alicui nec recte dicere, i. e. male, injuriose,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 11; id. Most. 1, 3, 83; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13; cf.:

    nec recte loqui alicui,

    id. Bacch. 4, 4, 83:

    nec recte dicere in aliquem,

    id. As. 1, 3, 3;

    and simply nec recte dicere,

    id. Ps. 4, 6, 23.— Comp.:

    ad omnia alia aetate sapimus rectius,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 46:

    hic tibi erit rectius,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 31:

    rectius bella gerere,

    Liv. 3, 2 fin.:

    non possidentem multa vocaveris Recte beatum, rectius occupet Nomen beati, qui, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 9, 46.— Sup., Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; v. supra. —
    b.
    With adjj., right, well, properly, very, much, to strengthen the idea (ante-class.): illasce oves, quā de re agitur, sanas recte esse, uti pecus ovillum, quod recte sanum est, etc., an ancient formula in Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6:

    locus recte ferax,

    Cato, R. R. 44:

    salvus sum recte,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 34:

    morata recte,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 62:

    oneratus recte,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

    non recte vinctus est,

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52.—
    c.
    Ellipt., esp. in answers, in colloquial lang., well, quite well, right, excellently: Thr. Primum aedis expugnabo. Gn. Recte. Thr. Virginem eripiam. Gn. Probe. Thr. Male mulcabo ipsam. Gn. Pulchre, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 3: quid vos? quo pacto hic? satin recte? (sc. est, agitur, valetis, etc.), quite well? id. And. 4, 5, 9; cf.: Le. Satin' salve? dic mihi. Ca. Recte, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 54; and: De. Quid fit? quid agitur? Sy. Recte. De. Optime'st, Ter. Ad. 5, 5, 3; Quint. 6, 3, 84.—
    B.
    So, in colloquial lang., freq. like benigne and the Gr. kalôs, or kallista echei, as a courteously evasive answer, all ' s well, it ' s all right, there ' s nothing the matter; or, in politely declining an offer, nothing is wanting, no I thank you: De. Unde incedis? quid festinas, gnate mi? Ch. Recte pater, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 33; cf.: So. Quid es tam tristis? Pa. Recte mater, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 20; and: Ch. Quid tu istic? Syr. Recte equidem, id. Heaut. 3, 2, 7: Mi. Quid est? Aes. Nihil, recte, perge, id. Ad. 4, 5, 19:

    rogo numquid velit? Recte inquit,

    i. e. no, nothing, id. Eun. 2, 3, 51; so,

    in an exclamation: clamabit, pulchre! bene! recte!

    Hor. A. P. 4, 28.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > rego

  • 92 alligo

    al-ligo, āvī, ātum, āre
    1) привязывать (canem ad ostium Sen; ad palum alligari C); подвязывать ( vineas ad arbusta Col); связывать ( beluam C); обвязывать, скреплять (sarcinulas PJ; manipulos Col); завязывать ( oculum C); перевязывать (vulnus C, L); повязывать, обматывать ( caput lanā M)
    2) останавливать, укреплять, тормозить (proram unco dente, sc. ancorae L)
    arenae humore alligatae Sen — пески, скреплённые (уплотнённые) влагой
    4) фиксировать, закреплять, сгущать ( colorem PM)
    virtutem a. C — сковывать энергию, стеснять свободу деятельности
    jure jurando a. aliquem Pl — связать (обязать) кого-л. клятвой
    se a. aliquā re (scelere C) или alicujus rei (furti Ter) — впутаться во что-л., погрязнуть, провиниться в чём-л.
    beneficio aliquem a. C — обязать кого-л. благодеянием
    alligatus calculus Sen — запертый камешек, «узник» ( в игре)

    Латинско-русский словарь > alligo

  • 93 limo

    I līmo, āvī, ātum, āre
    1) опиливать, шлифовать ( gemmas PM)
    2) тереть, точить, оттачивать ( aliquid ad saxa PM)
    l. caput cum aliquo шутл. Pl — целоваться с кем-л.
    3) полировать, отделывать, придавать лоск (homo urbanitate limatus C)
    4) тщательно выяснять ( mendacium Ph); основательно исследовать ( veritatem C)
    5) спиливать, стирать ( acumen ossis CC); убавлять, уменьшать, умалять ( de aliquā re C или aliquid H)
    se l. ad aliquid C — ограничиваться чём-л.
    obliquo oculo commoda alicujus l. H — отравлять чьи-л. радости своим завистливым взглядом
    II līmō adv. [ limus I ]
    сбоку, со стороны, искоса (l. videre Sol)
    III līmo, —, —, āre [ limus II ] шутл. (по созвучию с limo I)
    обрызгивать, забрасывать грязью ( caput alicui Pl)

    Латинско-русский словарь > limo

  • 94 contra

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra

  • 95 contra dicta

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin.
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin.
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin.
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin.
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin.
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra dicta

  • 96 demitto

    dē-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a., to send down; to drop; to let, sink, or bring down; to cause to hang or fall down; to lower, put down, let fall (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    picis e caelo demissum flumen,

    Lucr. 6, 257; cf.:

    caelo imbrem,

    Verg. G. 1, 23:

    caelo ancilia,

    Liv. 5, 54 et saep.:

    barbam malis,

    Lucr. 5, 673:

    latum clavum pectore,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 28; cf.:

    monilia pectoribus,

    Verg. A. 7, 278:

    laenam ex humeris,

    id. ib. 4, 263: Maia genitum demittit ab alto, Verg. A. 1, 297; cf.:

    ab aethere currum, Ov M. 7, 219: e muro sporta,

    Sall. Hist. 2, 53:

    aliquem in sporta per murum,

    Vulg. 2 Cor. 11, 33:

    taleam (sc. in terram),

    to put into the ground, plant, Cato R. R. 45, 2;

    arbores altius,

    Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 81:

    puteum alte in solido,

    i. e. to sink deep, Verg. G. 2, 231:

    triginta pedes in terram turrium fundamenta,

    Curt. 5, 1, 31:

    arbusta certo demittunt tempore florem,

    Lucr. 5, 670:

    demisit nardini amphoram cellarius (i. e. deprompsit),

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 12:

    fasces,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31; cf. id. ib. 1, 40:

    cibos (sc. in alvum),

    Quint. 10, 1, 19; cf. Ov. M. 8, 835.—Naut. t. t., to lower, demittere antennas, Sall. Hist. 4, 41 Dietsch.;

    Auct. B. Alex. 45, 2: cornua (i.e. antennas),

    Ov. M. 11, 482; cf.:

    effugit hibernas demissa antenna procellas,

    id. Tr. 3, 4, 9:

    arma, classem, socios Rheno,

    Tac. A. 1, 45 fin.; cf.: farinam doliis secundā aquā Volturni fluminis, Frontin. Strat. 3, 14, 2;

    and pecora secundā aquā,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 4:

    manum artifices demitti infra pectus vetant,

    Quint. 11, 3, 112; cf.

    brachia,

    id. 2, 13, 9:

    frontem (opp. attolli),

    id. 11, 3, 78:

    supercilia (opp. allevari), ib. § 79: aures,

    Hor. Od. 2, 13, 34; cf.

    auriculas,

    id. S. 1, 9, 20:

    caput,

    Ov. M. 10, 192:

    crinem,

    id. ib. 6, 289:

    demisso capite,

    Vulg. Job 32, 6 al.:

    aliquos per funem,

    Verg. A. 2, 262; Hor. A. P. 461:

    vestem,

    id. S. 1, 2, 95; cf.

    tunicam,

    id. ib. 25:

    stolam,

    id. ib. 99 et saep.; often in a violent manner, to cast down, to cast, throw, thrust, plunge, drive, etc.:

    equum in flumen,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; cf.:

    equos a campo in cavam viam,

    Liv. 23, 47:

    aliquem in carcerem,

    Liv. 34, 44 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 55, 4:

    aliquem ad imos Manes,

    Verg. A. 12, 884:

    hostem in ovilia,

    Hor. Od. 4, 4, 10:

    gladium in jugulum,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 28; cf.:

    ferrum in ilia,

    Ov. M. 4, 119:

    sublicas in terram,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 49, 4; cf.:

    huc stipites,

    id. ib. 7, 73, 3 and 6:

    huc caementa,

    Hor. Od. 3, 1, 35:

    nummum in loculos,

    to put, id. Ep. 2, 1, 175:

    calculum atrum in urnam,

    Ov. M. 15, 44:

    milia sex nummum in arcam nummariam,

    Nov. Com. v. 108 Rib.: caput ad fornicem Fabii, to bow, stoop, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267: tunicam ad talos, Varr. ap. Non. 286, 19; cf. Cic. Clu. 40, 111; Quint. 5, 13, 39 et saep.:

    quove velim magis fessas demittere naves,

    Verg. A. 5, 29; cf.:

    navem secundo amni Scodam,

    Liv. 44, 31.— Poet. with dat.:

    corpora Stygiae nocti tormentis,

    Ov. M. 3, 695; cf.:

    aliquem neci,

    Verg. A. 2, 85:

    aliquem Orco,

    id. ib. 2, 398; Hor. Od. 1, 28, 11:

    aliquem umbris,

    Sil. 11, 142:

    ferrum jugulo,

    Ov. H. 14, 5:

    ferrum lacubus,

    id. M. 12, 278:

    offa demittitur faucibus boum,

    Plin. 27, 11, 76, § 101.—
    b.
    Se, or in the pass. form with middle signif., to let one's self down, stoop, descend:

    (venti vortex) ubi se in terras demisit,

    Lucr. 6, 446:

    se inguinibus tenus in aquam calidam,

    Cels. 1, 3:

    se ad aurem alicujus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30; cf.:

    cum se demittit ob assem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 64:

    concava vallis erat, qua se demittere rivi Assuerant,

    Ov. M. 8, 334 al.:

    nonullae (matres familias) de muris per manus demissae,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 6.— Prov.: demitti de caelo, or simply caelo, to be sent down from heaven, i. e. to be of celestial origin, Liv. 10, 8, 10; Quint. 1, 6, 16.—
    B.
    Esp., milit. t. t.
    1.
    To send, bring, or lead down soldiers into a lower place:

    in loca plana agmen demittunt,

    Liv. 9, 27; cf.:

    agmen in vallem infimam,

    id. 7, 34:

    equites Numidas in inferiorem campum,

    id. 27, 18:

    agmen in Thessaliam,

    id. 32, 13; 38, 2: exercitum in planitiem, Frontin. Strat. 1, 2, 7 al.; and without in:

    agmen,

    Liv. 9, 2:

    levem armaturam,

    id. 22, 28 al.:

    cum se major pars agminis in magnam convallem demisisset,

    had descended, Caes. B. G. 5, 32 fin.;

    so with se,

    id. ib. 6, 40, 6; 7, 28, 2; id. B. C. 1, 79, 4; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4 al.—
    2.
    Arma demittere, in making a military salute: armis demissis salutationem more militari faciunt, with grounded arms, Auct. B. Afr. 85, 6. —
    II.
    Trop., to cast down, let sink, etc.:

    demisere oculos omnes gemitumque dedere,

    Ov. M. 15, 612; cf.:

    vultu demisso,

    Vulg. Isa. 49, 23:

    demissis in terram oculis,

    Liv. 9, 38, 13;

    also in sleep: cadit inscia clavo Dextera, demittitque oculos,

    Val. Fl. 3, 41:

    vultum,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 5; Curt. 6, 32, 1:

    vultum animumque metu,

    Ov. M. 7, 133; cf.

    vultus,

    id. ib. 10, 367; Liv. 2, 58. hoc in pectus tuum demitte, impress this deeply on your mind, Sall. J. 102 fin.; cf.:

    eas voces in pectora animosque,

    Liv. 34, 50; and:

    dolor hoc altius demissus, quo minus profiteri licet,

    Just. 8, 5, 11: cum in eum casum me fortuna demisisset, ut, etc., had reduced, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2:

    dignitatem in discrimen,

    Liv. 3, 35:

    vim dicendi ad unum auditorem (opp. supra modum sermonis attolli),

    Quint. 1, 2, 31; to engage in, enter upon, embark in, meddle with:

    me penitus in causam,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; cf.:

    me in res turbulentissimas,

    id. Fam. 9, 1, 2: cogita ne te eo demittas, unde, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16 fin.:

    se in comparationem,

    Suet. Rhet. 6:

    se in adulationem,

    to descend to, Tac. A. 15, 73:

    se usque ad servilem patientiam,

    id. ib. 14, 26:

    se ad minora illa,

    Quint. 1 prooem. § 5: re in secunda tollere animos et in mala demittere, to let it sink, i. e. to be disheartened, Lucil. ap. Non. 286, 7; cf.:

    si vicerint, efferunt se laetitia: victi debilitantur animosque demittunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42; so,

    animos (with contrahere),

    id. Tusc. 4, 6 fin.; and:

    animum (with contrahere),

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, § 4:

    mentes,

    Verg. A. 12, 609 (desperant, sicut e contra sperantes aliquid erigunt mentes, Serv.); and with abl.:

    ne se admodum animo demitterent,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 29.—In geom., t. t., to let fall a line, Vitr. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, dēmissus, a, um, P. a., brought down, lowered.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Of localities, sunken, low-lying, low (cf. dejectus, P. a., no. I.):

    campestribus ac demissis locis,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 3; cf.:

    loca demissa ac palustria,

    id. B. C. 3, 49, 5.—
    2.
    Of other things, drooping, falling, hanging down:

    demissis umeris esse,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 22 Ruhnk.:

    tremulus, labiis demissis,

    with flabby lips, id. ib. 2, 3, 44:

    demisso capite discedere,

    Cic. Clu. 21, 58; cf.:

    tristes, capite demisso,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 32:

    demisso vultu,

    with downcast looks, Sall. C. 31, 7.— Poet. in Gr. constr.:

    Dido vultum demissa,

    Verg. A. 1, 561.—Also deep:

    demissa vulnera,

    Sen. Ep. 67 fin.
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Downcast, dejected, dispirited, low (freq.):

    erigebat animum jam demissum,

    Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

    esse fracto animo et demisso,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 16:

    (homines) animo demisso atque humili,

    id. Font. 11; cf. id. Tusc. 2, 21:

    demisso animo fuit,

    Sall. J. 98 al.:

    demissa voce loqui,

    Verg. A. 3, 320.—In the comp.:

    nihilo demissiore animo causa ipse pro se dicta,

    Liv. 4, 44.— Transf. to the person:

    quis P. Sullam nisi moerentem, demissum afflictumque vidit?

    Cic. Sull. 26 fin.:

    videsne illum demissum?

    id. Mur. 21, 45; Quint. 1, 3, 10 al.— Comp.:

    orator in ornamentis et verborum et sententiarum demissior,

    Cic. Or. 24, 81.—
    2.
    Lowly, humble, unassuming, shy, retiring (opp. elatus, lofty, proud):

    ea omnia, quae proborum, demissorum, non acrium sunt, valde benevolentiam conciliant,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182; cf.:

    multum demissus homo,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 57:

    sit apud vos modestiae locus, sit demissis hominibus perfugium, sit auxilium pudori,

    Cic. Mur. 40, 87.—
    3.
    Rarely of external condition, humble, poor:

    qui demissi in obscuro vitam habent (opp. qui magno imperio praediti in excelso aetatem habent),

    Sall. C. 51, 12.—
    4.
    Poet., and in Tacitus, of genealogical descent, descended, derived, sprung:

    ab alto Demissum genus Aenea,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 63; so Verg. G. 3, 35: id. A. 1, 288; Stat. Th. 2, 613; Tac. A. 12, 58.— Sup. does not occur. — Adv.: dēmisse.
    1.
    Lit., low:

    hic alte, demissius ille volabat,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 23.—
    2.
    Trop., humbly, modestly, abjectly, meanly:

    non est ausus elate et ample loqui, cum humiliter demisseque sentiret,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24:

    suppliciter demisseque respondere,

    id. Fl. 10, 21:

    se tueri,

    id. Att. 2, 18, 3.— Sup.: haec quam potest demississime atque subjectissime exponit, * Caes. B. C. 1, 84 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > demitto

  • 97 depono

    dē-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. deposivi, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 4:

    deposivit,

    id. Most. 2, 1, 35; Catull. 34, 8; inf. perf. deposisse, Verg. Cat. 8, 16; part. sync. depostus, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19, v. pono), v. a., to lay away, to put or place aside; to lay, put, or set down; to lay, place, set, deposit (freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).—Constr. with acc. alone; or acc. and locative or abl. with or without a prep.; or acc. and adv. of place where, or apud and personal name; rare and doubtful with in and acc. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 340 sq.). —
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    caput deponit, condormiscit,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81; cf.:

    caput terrae,

    Ov. Am. 3, 5, 20:

    corpora (pecudes),

    Lucr. 1, 259; cf.:

    corpora sub ramis arboris,

    Verg. A. 7, 108:

    fessum latus sub lauru,

    Hor. Od. 2, 7, 19:

    mentum in gremiis mimarum,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24 et saep.:

    onus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10; id. Sull. 23, 65; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3 al.; cf.:

    onera jumentis,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2:

    arma,

    id. B. G. 4, 32 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 10, 9; Liv. 5, 2 al.; cf.:

    depositis in contubernio armis,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 76, 2:

    arma umeris,

    Verg. A. 12, 707:

    anulos aureos et phaleras,

    Liv. 9, 46:

    coronam, and, shortly after, coronam Romae in aram Apollinis,

    id. 23, 11:

    ungues et capillos,

    i. e. to cut off, Petr. 104, 6; cf.

    comas (for which, shortly before, secuit capillos),

    Mart. 5, 48, 6:

    crinem,

    Tac. H. 4, 61 et saep.:

    argenti pondus defossā terrā,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 42:

    semina vel scrobe vel sulco,

    to deposit in the earth, to plant, Col. 5, 4, 2; and:

    stirpem vitis aut oleae,

    id. 1, 1, 5:

    malleolum in terram,

    id. 3, 10, 19:

    plantas sulcis,

    Verg. G. 2, 24 et saep.: exercitum in terram (for exponere), to land, Just. 4, 5, 8:

    hydriam de umero,

    Vulg. Gen. 21, 46.— Poet. of bearing, bringing forth (as the putting off of a burden): (Latonia) quam mater prope Deliam Deposivit olivam, Catull. 34, 8; cf.:

    onus naturae,

    Phaedr. 1, 18, 5; 1, 19, 4; to lay as a stake, wager: Dam. Ego hanc vitulam... Depono. Men. De grege non ausim quicquam deponere tecum... verum pocula ponam Fagina, Verg. E. 3, 31 sq.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., to lay up, lay aside, put by, deposit anywhere; to give in charge to, commit to the care of intrust to any one:

    non semper deposita reddenda: si gladium quis apud te sana mente deposuerit, repetat insaniens: reddere peccatum sit, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95; so,

    aliquid apud aliquem,

    Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29; Caes. B. C. 3, 108 fin.; Quint. 5, 13, 49; 9, 2, 92; Tac. H. 1, 13; Liv. 38, 19, 2 et saep.; cf.:

    obsides apud eos,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 63 al.:

    praedam in silvis,

    id. ib. 6, 41; cf.:

    pecuniam in templo,

    Liv. 44, 25:

    pecunias in publica fide,

    id. 24, 18 fin.;

    also: liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 19 (dub.—al. in sylvis; id. B. C. 1, 23, 4 the true reading is in publico):

    impedimenta citra flumen Rhenum,

    id. B. G. 2, 29, 4:

    saucios,

    id. B. C. 3, 78, 1 and 5 et saep.:

    pretium in deposito habendum,

    in charge, Dig. 36, 3, 5 fin.:

    si pro deposito apud eum fuerit,

    ib. 33, 8, 8, § 5.—
    2. a.
    To put or bring down, lay upon the ground:

    scio quam rem agat: ut me deponat vino, etc.,

    to make drunk, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 39.—
    b.
    Hence (because it was the custom to take a person who had just died out of bed and lay him on the ground), meton.: depositus, dead, just dead:

    jam prope depositus, certe jam frigidus,

    Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 47:

    depositum nec me qui fleat ullus erit,

    id. Tr. 3, 3, 40:

    DEPOSITVS IN PACE,

    Inscr. Orell. 5014; cf. ib. 4874.—As subst.:

    depositus meus,

    Petr. 133, 4.—
    c.
    Also, because the hopelessly sick were often laid on the earth, dying, given up, despaired of: jam tum depostu' bubulcus Expirans animam pulmonibus aeger agebat, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19:

    deponere est desperare, unde et depositi desperati dicuntur,

    Non. 279, 30: depositus modo sum anima, vita sepultus, Caecil. ap. Non. 279 (Com. v. 121 Rib.):

    ut depositi proferret fata parentis,

    Verg. A. 12, 395 Serv.: texere paludes Depositum, Fortuna, tuum, Lucan. 2, 72;

    and transf.: mihi videor magnam et maxime aegram et prope depositam reip. partem suscepisse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5.—
    3.
    In post-Aug. lang. esp. freq. in the jurists, of buildings, etc., to pull down, take down, demolish, overthrow:

    aedificium vel arboris ramos,

    Dig. 8, 2, 17 (shortly after, qui tollit aedificium vel deprimit); so id. 8, 2, 31; 41, 3, 23 fin. et saep.:

    deposita arx,

    Stat. S. 1, 4, 91:

    statuas,

    pull down, Spart. Sev. 14: tabulas, destroy, Capit. Max. duob. 12:

    adversarios tuos,

    Vulg. Exod. 15, 7. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    With a predominant notion of putting away, removing, etc., to lay down, lay aside, give up, resign, get rid of:

    studia de manibus,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 3:

    ex memoria insidias,

    id. Sull. 6, 18:

    in sermone et suavitate alicujus omnes curas doloresque deponere,

    id. Fam. 4, 6, 2:

    petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere,

    id. Quint. 13 fin.; so,

    contentionem,

    Liv. 4, 6; cf.

    certamina,

    id. ib.;

    and, bellum,

    Ov. M. 8, 47; Tac. H. 2, 37;

    opp. incipere,

    Sall. J. 83, 1;

    opp. coepisse,

    Liv. 31, 1;

    and with omittere,

    id. 31, 31 fin.:

    deponere amicitias, suscipere inimicitias,

    Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

    invidiam,

    id. Agr. 2, 26, 69:

    simultates,

    id. Planc. 31, 76:

    maerorem et luctum,

    id. Phil. 14, 13:

    omnem spem contentionis,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

    consilium adeundae Syriae,

    id. B. C. 3, 103:

    imperium,

    id. B. G. 7, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 32, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; Liv. 2, 28 al.; cf.

    provinciam,

    Cic. Pis. 2, 5; id. Fam. 5, 2, 3;

    dictaturam,

    Quint. 3, 8, 53; 5, 10, 71:

    nomen,

    Suet. Ner. 41; Ov. M. 15, 543:

    famem,

    id. F. 6, 530; cf.:

    sitim in unda vicini fontis,

    i. e. to quench, id. M. 4, 98:

    morbos,

    Plin. 7, 50, 51:

    animam,

    i. e. to die, Nep. Hann. 1.—
    B.
    To depose from an office (late Lat.):

    te de ministerio tuo,

    Vulg. Is. 22, 19.—
    C.
    (Acc. to no. I. B.) To deposit, intrust, commit to, for safe-keeping: populi Romani jus in vestra fide ac religione depono, Cic. Caecin. 35 fin.:

    aliquid rimosa in aure,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 46:

    aliquid tutis auribus,

    id. Od. 1, 27, 18:

    eo scortum,

    Tac. H. 1, 13.—Hence, dēpō-nens, entis, P. a., subst. (sc. verbum, lit., a verb that lays aside its proper pass. signif.), in the later grammar. a verb which, in a pass. form, has an act. meaning; deponent, Charis. p. 143 P.; Diom. p. 327 ib.; Prisc. p. 787 ib. sq. et saep.— dēpŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a., and esp. as subst. dēpŏsĭtum, i, n., any thing deposited or intrusted for safe-keeping, etc., a deposit, trust:

    reddere depositum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31:

    si depositum non infitietur amicus,

    Juv. 13, 60; cf. Dig. 36, 3, 5 al.:

    contempto Domino negaverit proximo suo depositum,

    Vulg. Lev. 6, 2; 1 Tim. 6, 20 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > depono

  • 98 Limo

    1.
    līmō, adv., v. 1. limus fin.
    2.
    līmo, āvi, ātum (arch. limassis, for limaveris, Caecil. Com. 140), 1, v. a. [lima], to file.
    I.
    Lit.:

    gemmis scalpendis atque limandis,

    Plin. 36, 7, 10, § 54.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To file off:

    plumbum limatum,

    lead-filings, Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 168:

    limata scobs,

    id. ib.:

    cornum limatum lima lignaria,

    Scrib. 141:

    acumen ossis,

    Cels. 8, 10, 7.—
    2.
    To rub, whet:

    cornu ad saxa limato,

    Plin. 8, 20, 29, § 71;

    hence, limare caput cum aliquo,

    to kiss, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 82.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to file, polish, finish:

    quaedam institui, quae limantur a me politius,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2:

    stilus hoc maxime ornat ac limat,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

    ut ars aliquid limare non possit,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 115:

    vir nostrorum hominum urbanitate limatus,

    id. N. D. 2, 29, 74.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To investigate accurately, to clear of every thing superfluous:

    veritas ipsa limatur in disputatione,

    Cic. Off. 2, 10, 35:

    subtiliter mendacium,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 49. —
    2.
    Cum se ipse consulto ad minutarum causarum genera limaverit, has prepared one's self thoroughly for, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 3, 9.—
    3.
    To file off, take away from, diminish:

    tantum alteri affinxit, de altero limavit,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36:

    de tua prolixa beneficaque natura limavit aliquid posterior annus,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 8:

    commoda alicujus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 38:

    multum inde decoquent anni, multum ratio limabit,

    Quint. 2, 4, 7. —Hence, līmātus, a, um, P. a., polished, refined, elegant, fine, accurate:

    vir oratione maxime limatus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 180:

    jure madens, varioque togae limatus in usu,

    Mart. 7, 51, 5:

    pressum limatumque genus dicendi,

    Quint. 2, 8, 4; 11, 1, 3:

    Attici,

    id. 12, 10, 17.— Comp.:

    limatius dicendi genus,

    Cic. Brut. 24, 93:

    comis et urbanus fuerit limatior idem,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 65:

    limatius ingenium,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 21.—Hence, adv.: līmātē, finely, elegantly, accurately; comp.:

    limatius scriptum,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12:

    limatius quaerere,

    Amm. 15, 13, 2.
    3.
    līmo, āre, v. a. [2. limus], to bemire, besmirch (in double sense, v. 2. limo, I. 2.):

    caput alicui,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 82.
    4.
    Līmo, ōnis, m., = leimôn, the Meadow, the name of a writing of Cicero, Suet. Vit. Ter.—
    II.
    A Roman surname: C. Apronius Limo, Ascon. ap. Cic. Or. pro Scauro.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Limo

  • 99 limo

    1.
    līmō, adv., v. 1. limus fin.
    2.
    līmo, āvi, ātum (arch. limassis, for limaveris, Caecil. Com. 140), 1, v. a. [lima], to file.
    I.
    Lit.:

    gemmis scalpendis atque limandis,

    Plin. 36, 7, 10, § 54.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To file off:

    plumbum limatum,

    lead-filings, Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 168:

    limata scobs,

    id. ib.:

    cornum limatum lima lignaria,

    Scrib. 141:

    acumen ossis,

    Cels. 8, 10, 7.—
    2.
    To rub, whet:

    cornu ad saxa limato,

    Plin. 8, 20, 29, § 71;

    hence, limare caput cum aliquo,

    to kiss, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 82.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to file, polish, finish:

    quaedam institui, quae limantur a me politius,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2:

    stilus hoc maxime ornat ac limat,

    id. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

    ut ars aliquid limare non possit,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 115:

    vir nostrorum hominum urbanitate limatus,

    id. N. D. 2, 29, 74.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To investigate accurately, to clear of every thing superfluous:

    veritas ipsa limatur in disputatione,

    Cic. Off. 2, 10, 35:

    subtiliter mendacium,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 49. —
    2.
    Cum se ipse consulto ad minutarum causarum genera limaverit, has prepared one's self thoroughly for, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 3, 9.—
    3.
    To file off, take away from, diminish:

    tantum alteri affinxit, de altero limavit,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36:

    de tua prolixa beneficaque natura limavit aliquid posterior annus,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 8:

    commoda alicujus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 38:

    multum inde decoquent anni, multum ratio limabit,

    Quint. 2, 4, 7. —Hence, līmātus, a, um, P. a., polished, refined, elegant, fine, accurate:

    vir oratione maxime limatus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 180:

    jure madens, varioque togae limatus in usu,

    Mart. 7, 51, 5:

    pressum limatumque genus dicendi,

    Quint. 2, 8, 4; 11, 1, 3:

    Attici,

    id. 12, 10, 17.— Comp.:

    limatius dicendi genus,

    Cic. Brut. 24, 93:

    comis et urbanus fuerit limatior idem,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 65:

    limatius ingenium,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 21.—Hence, adv.: līmātē, finely, elegantly, accurately; comp.:

    limatius scriptum,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12:

    limatius quaerere,

    Amm. 15, 13, 2.
    3.
    līmo, āre, v. a. [2. limus], to bemire, besmirch (in double sense, v. 2. limo, I. 2.):

    caput alicui,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 82.
    4.
    Līmo, ōnis, m., = leimôn, the Meadow, the name of a writing of Cicero, Suet. Vit. Ter.—
    II.
    A Roman surname: C. Apronius Limo, Ascon. ap. Cic. Or. pro Scauro.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > limo

  • 100 tento

    tento or tempto, āvi, ātum, 1 ( part. gen. plur. tentantum, Verg. G. 2, 247), v. freq. a. [tendo], to handle, touch, feel a thing (class.; cf.: tango, tracto).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    rem manu,

    Auct. Her. 4, 49, 62:

    manibus pectora,

    Ov. M. 10, 282; 10, 289:

    loca feminarum digitis,

    Col. 8, 11, 8:

    ficum rostro,

    Ov. F. 2, 254:

    flumen vix pede (with attingere),

    Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:

    quadratum,

    Lucr. 4, 234:

    caput in tenebris,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 26:

    pullos singulos,

    Col. 8, 5, 17:

    invisos amictus,

    Verg. G. 3, 563:

    aciem pugionum,

    Suet. Ner. 49; cf.:

    acumen stili,

    id. Rhet. 5:

    bracchia emittit temptanti maria similis Sarpedon,

    Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98:

    pullos,

    Col. 8, 5, 17; 8, 11, 8.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In medic. lang.:

    venas,

    to feel the pulse, Quint. 11, 3, 88; Suet. Tib. 72; Ov. H. 20, 139.—
    2.
    To try the strength of, make an attempt upon, i. e. to attack, assail (cf.: aggredior, adorior).
    (α).
    Of warfare:

    scalis et classe moenia oppidi tentans,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 40:

    opera nostra,

    id. B. G. 7, 73:

    urbem,

    Liv. 33, 5, 3; 26, 38, 5:

    munitiones,

    id. 9, 35, 1:

    moenia Aiexandriae,

    id. 45, 11:

    Achaiam,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 55 Britanniam, Suet. Claud. 17:

    aggredi et tentare,

    Vell. 2, 113, 3:

    aliquem auxiliis Thraciae,

    Flor. 2, 14, 4.—
    (β).
    Of disease, poison, etc.:

    animi valentes morbo tentari non possunt, corpora possunt,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 31; cf.:

    gravis auctumnus omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 2:

    temptari a morbo,

    Plin. 24, 19, 113, § 174:

    praecordiorum inflatione tentari,

    Suet. Aug. 81:

    tentatus est motiunculis levibus,

    id. Vesp. 24; Hor. S. 2, 3, 163; id. Ep. 1, 6, 28; Verg. G. 3, 441 al.:

    vina temptant caput,

    attack, affect, Plin. 23, 1, 20, § 35.— Absol.:

    temptantis aquas non nocere,

    unwholesome, Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 68; cf. Verg. G. 2, 94.—
    II.
    Transf., to try; to prove, put to the test; to attempt, essay a course of action, etc. (so most freq.; syn.: experior, periclitor).
    A.
    In gen., constr. with acc., with inf., with rel.-clause, with ut, or absol.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    cum se ipse perspexerit totumque tentarit, intelleget, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59; cf.:

    se in arte memoriae,

    Quint. 11, 2, 34 (preceded by memoriam suam experiri):

    tentarem te, quo animo accipias,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3:

    quo utamur quasi equis temptatis, sic amicitiā aliquā parte periclitatis moribus amicorum,

    id. Lael. 17, 63;

    alicujus scientiam auguratus,

    id. Div. 1, 17, 32:

    tentarem summi regis prudentiam,

    id. Tusc. 1, 41, 98:

    ut satis impulsas tentavit pollice chordas,

    Ov. M. 10, 145:

    culturam agelli, Lucr 5, 1368: iter per provinciam per vim, Caes B. G. 1, 14: negatā iter viā,

    Hor. C. 3, 2, 22 Bosporum, id. ib. 3, 4, 31:

    Thetim ratibus,

    Verg. E. 4, 32:

    Oceanum,

    Tac. G. 34 fin.:

    Istrum, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olybr. 135: aditus,

    Verg. A. 4, 293:

    temptanda via est,

    id. G. 3, 8:

    ad tentandum vadum fluminis,

    Curt. 4, 9, 15:

    nullo modo animus audientis aut incitari aut leniri potest, qui modus a me non tentatus sit,

    Cic. Or. 38, 132:

    rem frustra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    belli fortunam,

    id. B. G. 1, 36; so,

    fortunam,

    id. ib. 3, 6; 7, 64; Sall. J. 7, 1:

    periculum,

    Cic. Cornel. Fragm. 1:

    quaestionem,

    id. Clu. 57, 157:

    patientiam vestram,

    id. Agr. 2, 7, 19:

    spem pacis,

    Liv. 21, 12, 3; cf.:

    spem triumphi,

    id. 28, 38, 4: libertatem, [p. 1856] id. 6, 18, 11:

    relationem,

    id. 33, 23, 3:

    intercessionem,

    id. 9, 8, 13:

    silentium nequicquam per praeconem,

    id. 8, 33, 2:

    crimina,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 80:

    majora,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 24:

    caelestia,

    id. ib. 1, 17, 34 et saep.—
    (β).
    With rel.-clause:

    tentavi, quid in eo genere possem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7:

    tentabam, spiraret an non,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 26:

    quae sit fortuna facillima, temptat,

    Verg. A. 11, 761:

    cum tentaret si qua res esset cibi,

    something to eat, Phaedr. 4, 7, 4:

    tenta, Chrysogonus quanti doceat,

    Juv. 7, 175.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    aquā prohibere hostem tentare coepit,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 40:

    tentabo etiam de hoc dicere,

    Quint. 6, 2, 29; 2, 14, 1:

    (sol) caelum radiis accendere tentans,

    Lucr. 5, 659:

    tentarunt aequore tingi,

    Ov. M. 2, 172:

    (vestis) frustra tentata revelli,

    id. ib. 9, 168:

    taurus irasci in cornua temptat,

    Verg. A. 12, 104:

    nemo in sese tentat descendere,

    Pers. 4, 23:

    litteras deferre,

    Curt. 3, 7, 13; Juv. 7, 5.—
    (δ).
    With ut:

    cum ille Romuli senatus tentaret post Romuli excessum, ut ipse gereret sine rege rem publicam,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 12, 23:

    quid aliud hoc judicio tentatur, nisi ut id fieri liceat?

    id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; Suet. Caes. 11.— Impers. pass.:

    tentatum a L. Sextio tribuno plebis, ut rogationem ferret, etc.,

    Liv. 4, 49, 6.—
    (ε).
    Absol.:

    tenta quā lubet,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 20:

    ne tentando cautiorem faceret,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 23.—
    B.
    In partic., to try any one, in a friendly or hostile manner; to urge, incite; to tempt, sound, tamper with; also, to excite, disquiet, disturb, agitate:

    quem ego toties omni ratione tentans ad disputandum elicere non potuissem,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 13:

    cum per Drusum saepe tentassem,

    id. ib. 1, 21, 97:

    utrum admonitus an tentatus an, etc.... pervenerit ad hanc improbitatem nescio,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 105:

    cum a proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 2:

    animos servorum spe et metu, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 63, 176:

    animos popularium,

    Sall. J. 48, 1:

    animos singulorum ad res novas,

    Suet. Tib. 12 fin.:

    animum precando,

    Verg. A. 4, 113:

    judicium pecunia,

    Cic. Clu. 4, 9; 30, 80:

    aliquem promissis et minis,

    Tac. H. 1, 75; cf.:

    tentatā Othonianorum fide per colloquium et promissa,

    id. ib. 2, 20:

    tribunos de fugae societate,

    Suet. Ner. 47:

    deos multā caede bidentium,

    Hor. C. 3, 23, 14:

    Junonem tentare Ixion ausus,

    Tib. 1, 3, 73; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 389; Val. Max. 6, 1, 7:

    nationes lacessere bello et tentare,

    to agitate, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; cf.:

    ut exsul potius tentare quam consul vexare rem publicam posses,

    id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:

    in his rebus evertendis unius hominis senectus, infirmitas solitudoque tentata est,

    id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2:

    militis iras,

    Luc. 2, 529; Vulg. Gen. 22, 1 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tento

См. также в других словарях:

  • admirer — [ admire ] v. tr. <conjug. : 1> • amirer 1360; lat. admirari « s étonner » 1 ♦ Vx Considérer avec étonnement. 2 ♦ (1566) Contempler avec admiration, avoir de l admiration pour (ce qui est beau, grand). ⇒ s enthousiasmer, s extasier, 1.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

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