attractus

at-tractus, a, um, Part. and P. a. of attraho.

attractus, ūs, m. [attraho], a drawing to, attraction, Dictys, 5, 11.

at-trăho, traxi, tractum, 3, v. a., to draw to or toward, to attract, drag with force, draw (rare but class.; syn.: traho, duco, adduco).

Lit.: adducitur a Veneriis atque adeo attrahitur Lollius, is dragged by force, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25:

te ipsum putare me attractum iri, si de pace agatur,

id. Att. 10, 1, 3:

aliquem Romam,

id. Fam. 7, 10 fin.:

tribunos attrahi ad se jussit,

Liv. 29, 9 fin.:

uncus alae iniciendus paulatimque attrahendus est,

Cels. 7, 29:

magnes attrahens ferrum,

Plin. 36, 16, 25, § 128:

pulmo attrahens ac reddens animam,

id. 11, 37, 72, § 188; so,

spiritum attrahere,

Vulg. Psa. 118, 131:

vultus tuus colligit rugas et attrahit frontem,

contracts, Sen. Ben. 6, 7 al.:

quae causa attraxerit Arpos,

Verg. A. 11, 250:

sed quos fugit, attrahit unā,

Ov. M. 14, 63:

ducem Attrahite huc vinctum,

id. ib. 3, 563:

arcus,

id. R. Am. 435:

amnes attrahere auxilio sitientibus hortis,

Col. 10, 24:

attraxit eum in siccum,

Vulg. Tob. 6, 4; ib. Ezech. 32, 20:

jugum attrahere,

to draw, bear, ib. Eccli. 28, 23.—

Trop., to draw, lead, bring, move, attract, etc.:

nihil esse quod ad se rem ullam tam inliciat et tam attrahat quam ad amicitiam similitudo,

Cic. Lael. 14, 50: recepi causam Siciliae;

ea me ad hoc negotium provincia attraxit,

prompted, moved, incited, id. Verr. 2, 2, 1:

quandoquidem in partes, ait, attrahor,

I am drawn by force to take sides, Ov. M. 5, 93 (Merk., abstrahor):

discipulos,

id. F. 3, 830:

ideo attraxi te miserans,

Vulg. Jer. 31, 3.—Hence, * attractus, a, um, P. a., drawn or attracted; of the brow, contracted, knit:

frons attractior,

Sen. Ben. 4, 31.

ē-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imper., educe, Plaut. Pers. 4, 1, 11; id. Stich. 5, 6, 1:

educ,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10; Alcim. 5, 248 al.— Inf. pass. parag., educier, Plaut. Truc. 5, 16), v. a., to lead forth, draw out, bring away (very freq. and class.).

In gen.:

novam nuptam foras,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 1;

so with personal objects, fidicinam,

id. Ep. 3, 4, 36 (opp. introducere):

eram,

id. Mil. 4, 6, 53:

virginem,

id. Pers. 4, 1, 11; Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3 fin. al.; cf.

also: populum e comitio,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 9:

mulierem ab domo secum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 4:

rete foras,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 18; cf.:

pisces everriculo in litus,

Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 7:

radicem e terra,

id. ib. 3, 10, 5:

gladium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 8; Sall. C. 51, 36; cf.:

gladium e vagina,

Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

gladium,

Vulg. Marc. 14, 47 al.:

sortem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 51 fin.; cf.:

aliquos ex urna,

id. ib. 2, 2, 17:

tribus,

id. Agr. 2, 8, 21:

telum corpore,

Verg. A. 10, 744; cf. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83 et saep.:

lacum (with emittere),

Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100; cf.

fistulam,

Varr. R. R. 3, 14, 2:

aquam in fossas,

Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 179; Dig. 8, 3, 29:

se foras,

to go out, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 4 Ruhnk. ad loc.; cf.:

se multitudini,

to withdraw one's self from the multitude, Sen. Vit. Beat. 2 fin. —

In partic.

In all periods.

Pub. law t. t.

To bring, summon before court (cf. duco, I. B. 1.):

cum in jus ipsum eduxi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47; cf.:

ex domo in jus,

Quint. 7, 8, 6: SI. QVIS. EORVM. AD. ME. EDVCTVS. FVERIT., Edict. Praet. ap. Gell. 11, 17, 2:

aliquem ad consules,

Cic. Planc. 23;

and simply aliquem,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 26 Zumpt N. cr.; 2, 2, 37; 2, 3, 65.—Once also, to bring up or lead away for punishment (for which more commonly duco; v. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26):

ad tintinnaculos educi viros,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 8.—

Of persons in office, to take out with one to one's province: quos educere invitos in provinciam non potuit, eos retinere qui potuit? Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 10, 76; so,

medicum secum,

id. Pis. 34.—

Milit. t. t., to lead forth, march out troops (very freq. in Caes.):

Teleboae ex oppido Legiones educunt suas,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 63:

praesidium ex oppido (opp introducere),

Caes. B. C. 1, 13, 2:

cohortes ex urbe,

id. ib. 1, 12, 2:

exercitum ab urbe,

Liv. 3, 21:

copias e castris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 50, 1; 2, 8 fin.; 7, 13, 1; 7, 80, 1; id. B. C. 1, 43, 3 et saep.; Liv. 31, 37 al.;

for which also: copias castris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 51, 2; 4, 13 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 68, 1; Verg. A. 11, 20;

legiones ex hibernis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 3; 5, 27, 9; 7, 10, 1; Liv. 40, 39:

ex finibus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 4 et saep.; cf.

also: impedimenta ex castris,

id. ib. 7, 68, 1.—Without designating the term. a quo:

cohortes,

Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 2; id. B. C. 1, 41, 2; 1, 64, 6; Sall. J. 68, 2; Liv. 39, 15; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 22 et saep.; cf.: exercitum foras, Cato ap. Gell. 15, 13, 5:

exercitum in expeditionem,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:

copias adversus Afranium,

Front. Strat. 1, 5, 9; 2, 2, 5 et saep.—And absol. of the general himself, to move out, march out (so mostly in Liv.; cf.

duco): ex hibernis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1:

ex oppido,

id. ib. 7, 81, 3; cf.:

tribus simul portis,

Liv. 41, 26:

ad legionem Pompeii duplici acie eduxit,

Caes. B. G. 3, 67, 3:

in aciem,

Liv. 1, 23; 8, 9; 21, 39; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 5, al. —

Naut. t. t., to bring out a ship from the harbor, to put to sea:

naves ex portu,

Caes. B. C. 1, 57, 2; 2, 22, 5; 3, 26, 2;

also: classem portu,

Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 55.—Hence,

Transf., of goods, to export:

equos ex Italia,

Liv. 43, 5, 9 (cf.:

extra provinciam ducere,

Dig. 49, 16, 12, § 1).—

In midwifery, t. t., to assist at birth:

attractus infantem educit,

Cels. 7, 29 med.:

per ipsas manus (infans) commode educitur,

id. ib. — So of birds, to bring out of the egg, to hatch:

pullos suos,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 143; so,

fetum,

Plin. 10, 54, 75, § 152 (with excludere); 9, 10, 12, § 37.—Hence,

Transf.

To bring up, rear, a child (usually with reference to bodily nurture and support; while 2. educo refers usually to the mind; but the distinction is not strictly observed; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 395), to educate:

non possunt militares pueri setanio educier,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 16:

bene ego istam eduxi meae domi et pudice,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 32; id. Most. 1, 3, 29; id. Rud. 1, 3, 38; Ter. And. 5, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 14 al.; Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124; Liv. 1, 39 fin.; 21, 43 Drak.; Tac. A. 1, 4; 41; Prop. 3, 9, 51 (4, 8, 51 M.); Verg. A. 7, 763; 8, 413; Col. 3, 10, 16; Curt. 3, 12, 16 al.— Trop.:

senex plane eductus in nutricatu Venerio,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 55.—

In gen., to bear, to produce = edere, Verg. A. 6, 765; 779: aura educit colores, * Cat. 64, 90.—

In vulg. lang., to drink off, toss off, Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 18; 5, 6, 1.—With a punning allusion to the signif. 4. b. a, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274.—

Since the Aug. period.

Of motion in an upward direction (cf. effero and erigo), to draw up, to raise:

(Ortygia me) superas eduxit sub auras,

Ov. M. 5, 641; 3, 113; cf.

trop.: (Pindarus) vires animumque moresque aureos educit in astra,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 23 (cf.:

sustulit in astra,

Cic. Att. 2, 25).—

With the accessory idea of making, to rear, erect, build up:

turrim summis sub astra Eductam tectis,

Verg. A. 2, 461; cf.:

aram sepulcri caelo,

id. ib. 6, 178; imitated by Sil. 15, 388:

molem caelo,

Verg. A. 2, 186:

turres altius,

Tac. A. 12, 16; id. H. 4, 30:

pyramides instar montium,

id. A. 2, 61:

moenia caminis Cyclopum,

Verg. A. 6, 630; cf.:

moles quam eductam in Rhenum retulimus,

Tac. H. 5, 18.—

Of time, to pass, spend (cf. duco, II. B. 3. b.):

pios annos,

Prop. 2, 9, 47:

insomnem noctem ludo,

Stat. Th. 2, 74:

somnos sub hiberno caelo,

Sil. 11, 405:

nimbos luxu,

Val. Fl. 2, 371.

ēdŭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. educo, II. A. 4. b.], to bring up a child physically or mentally, to rear, to educate (very freq. and class.): educit obstetrix, educat nutrix, instituit paedagogus, docet magister, Varr. ap. Non. 447, 33 (but this distinction is not strictly observed; see the foll. and 1. educo, II. A. 4. b.).

Prop.:

hera educavit (puellam) magna industria,

Plaut. Cas. prol. 44 sq.:

Athenis natus altusque educatusque Atticis,

id. Rud. 3, 4, 36:

bene pudiceque educatu'st usque ad adolescentiam,

id. Capt. 5, 3, 16 et saep.; cf. id. Men. 5, 5, 7; id. Trin. 2, 4, 111 al.; Att. ap. Non. 422, 14; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; id. Ad. 3, 4, 49; Cic. Lael. 20, 75; id. Rep. 2, 21; id. de Or. 1, 31; Ov. F. 6, 487; id. M. 3, 314; Vulg. Psa. 22, 2. —

Transf., to bring up, rear, foster, train, educate:

neque enim hac nos patria lege genuit aut educavit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 4; id. Or. 13 fin.; cf.:

ars dicendi ea, quae sunt orta jam in nobis et procreata, educat atque confirmat,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 356:

in his (scholis) educatur orator,

Quint. 9, 2, 81:

oratorem, id. prooem. § 5: illos in disciplina,

Vulg. Ephes. 6, 4.—

Poet. and in post-Aug. prose, of plants or animals, to nourish, support, produce:

quod pontus, quod terra, quod educat aër Poscit,

Ov. M. 8, 832; cf. id. Pont. 1, 10, 9:

vitis mitem uvam,

Cat. 62, 50:

pomum, non uvas (ager),

Ov. Pont. 1, 3, 51:

herbas (humus),

id. M. 15, 97:

Caecuba,

Plin. 16, 37, 67, § 173:

florem (imber),

Cat. 62, 41 al.:

lepores, apros,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 22.—

To possess, hold (cf. nutrire = trephein), Verg. Cul. 13.

spīrĭtus, ūs (scanned spĭrĭtus, Sedul. Hymn. 1 fin.; dat. SPIRITO, Inscr. Orell. 3030; gen., dat., and abl. plur. only eccl. and late Lat., e. g. spirituum, Vulg. Marc. 6, 7:

spiritibus,

Aug. Serm. 216, 11 fin.; Vulg. Luc. 8, 2), m. [spiro], a breathing or gentle blowing of air, a breath, breeze (syn.: aura, flatus).

Lit.

In gen.:

spiritum a vento modus separat: vehementior enim spiritus ventus est, invicem spiritus leviter fluens aër,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 13, 4; cf. Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 5: spiritus Austri Imbricitor, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 423 Vahl.), Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 44, 114:

Boreae,

Verg. A. 12, 365:

quo spiritus non pervenit,

Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 2; cf.:

silentis vel placidi spiritus dies,

Col. 3, 19 fin.:

alvus cum multo spiritu redditur,

Cels. 2, 7 med. —

In partic.

The air: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll. (Ann. v. 511 Vahl.):

proximum (igni) spiritus, quem Graeci nostrique eodem vocabulo aëra appellant,

Plin. 2, 5, 4, § 10:

quid tam est commune quam spiritus vivis?

Cic. Rosc. Am. 26, 72; cf. Quint. 12, 11, 13:

potestne tibi haec lux, Catilina, aut hujus caeli spiritus esse jucundus?

Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15.—

An exhalation, smell, odor:

spiritus unguenti suavis,

Lucr. 3, 222:

foedi odoris,

Cels. 5, 26, 31 fin.:

florum,

Gell. 9, 4, 10:

sulfuris,

Pall. Aug. 9, 1; cf. Hor. C. 3, 11, 19.—

Breathed air, a breath:

quojus tu legiones difflavisti spiritu,

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 17.— Absol.: (equus) saepe jubam quassit simul altam: Spiritus ex animā calida spumas agit albas, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 507 Vahl.):

creber spiritus,

Lucr. 6, 1186:

ardentes oculi atque attractus ab alto Spiritus,

Verg. G. 3, 505:

petitus imo spiritus,

Hor. Epod. 11, 10:

in pulmonibus inest raritas... ad hauriendum spiritum aptissima,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136:

diffunditur spiritus per arterias,

id. ib. 2, 55, 138:

animantium vita tenetur, cibo, potione, spiritu,

id. ib. 2, 54, 134:

si spiritum ducit, vivit,

id. Inv. 1, 46, 86:

tranquillum atque otiosum spiritum ducere,

id. Arch. 12, 30:

longissima est complexio verborum, quae volvi uno spiritu potest,

id. de Or. 3, 47, 182:

versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,

id. ib. 1, 61, 261:

spiritus nec crebro receptus concidat sententiam, nec eo usque trahatur, donec deficiat,

Quint. 11, 3, 53:

lusit vir egregius (Socrates) extremo spiritu,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; cf. id. Sest. 37, 79: quorum usque ad extremum spiritum est provecta prudentia, id. Sen. 9, 27:

quos idem Deus de suis spiritibus figuravit,

Lact. Epit. 42, 3.—With gen.:

ut filiorum suorum postremum spiritum ore excipere liceret,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118; Cels. 4, 4; 3, 27; Col. 6, 9, 3; Quint. 9, 4, 68; 11, 3, 32; 11, 3, 53 sq.—

Transf.

In abstr., a breathing:

aspera arteria excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; cf. id. ib. 2, 55, 138:

aër spiritu ductus alit et sustentat animantes,

id. ib. 2, 39, 101:

crevit onus neque habet quas ducat spiritus auras,

Ov. M. 12, 517.—Esp.: spiritum intercludere (includere), to stop the breath, suffocate, choke, etc.:

lacrimae spiritum et vocem intercluserunt,

Liv. 40, 16, 1; 40, 24, 7; so,

includere,

id. 21, 58, 4.—

The breath of a god, inspiration:

haec fieri non possent, nisi ea uno divino et continuato spiritu continerentur,

by a divine inspiration, Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; 3, 11, 28; cf.:

poëtam quasi divino quodam spiritu inflari,

id. Arch. 8, 18.—

The breath of life, life:

eum spiritum, quem naturae debeat, patriae reddere,

Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

vos vero qui extremum spiritum in victoriā effudistis,

id. ib. 14, 12, 32:

dum spiritus hos regit artus,

Verg. A. 4, 336; cf. Hor. C. 4, 8, 14:

ne cum sensu doloris aliquo spiritus auferatur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

aliquem spiritu privare,

Vell. 2, 87, 2:

merula spiritum reddidit,

to expire, die, id. 2, 22, 2:

spiritus tenues vanescat in auras,

Ov. H. 12, 85:

non effundere mihi spiritum videbar, sed tradere,

Sen. Ep. 78, 4:

novissimum spiritum per ludibrium effundere,

Tac. H. 3, 66 fin.; cf. supra, I. B.—

Poet.,= suspirium, a sigh, Prop. 1, 16, 32; 2, 29 (3, 27), 38.—

In gram., a breathing or aspiration (asper and lenis), Prisc. p. 572 P.; Aus. Idyll. 12 de Monos. Graec. et Lat. 19. —

The hiss of a snake, Verg. Cul. 180.—

Trop.

(Class.) A haughty spirit, haughtiness, pride, arrogance; also, spirit, high spirit, energy, courage (esp. freq. in the plur.; syn. animi).

Sing. (in the best prose only in gen. and abl., which are wanting in plur.):

regio spiritu,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

quem hominem! quā irā! quo spiritu!

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6:

illos ejus spiritus Siciliensis,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 9, § 22:

tantum fiduciae ac spiritūs,

Caes. B. C. 3, 72:

filia Hieronis, inflata adhuc regiis animis ac muliebri spiritu,

Liv. 24, 22:

patricii spiritūs animus,

id. 4, 42, 5:

ex magnitudine rerum spiritum ducat,

Quint. 1, 8, 5:

corpore majorem rides Turbonis in armis Spiritum et incessum,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 311:

cecidit spiritus ille tuus,

Prop. 2, 3, 2:

spiritu divino tactus,

Liv. 5, 22, 5:

non negaverim fuisse alti spiritūs viros,

Sen. Ep. 90, 14.—

Plur.:

res gestae, credo, meae me nimis extulerunt ac mihi nescio quos spiritus attulerunt,

Cic. Sull. 9, 27:

noratis animos ejus ac spiritus tribunicios, etc.,

id. Clu. 39, 109; cf.:

unius tribuni militum animos ac spiritus,

id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 66:

tantos sibi spiritus, sumpserat, ut ferendus non videretur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 33 fin. in re militari sumere, id. ib. 2, 4:

nam Dion regios spiritus repressit,

Nep. Dion, 5, 5:

cum spiritus plebes sumpsisset,

Liv. 4, 54:

si cui honores subdere spiritus potuerunt,

id. 7, 40:

remittant spiritus, comprimant animos suos, sedent arrogantiam, etc.,

Cic. Fl. 22, 53:

spiritus feroces,

Liv. 1, 31:

quorum se vim ac spiritus fregisse,

id. 26, 24:

cohibuit spiritus ejus Thrasea,

Tac. A. 16, 26:

Antipater, qui probe nosset spiritus ejus,

Curt. 6, 1, 19.—

(Mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose.) Spirit, soul, mind.

Sing.:

quoslibet occupat artus Spiritus,

Ov. M. 15, 167; Tac. A. 16, 34: spiritum Phoebus mihi, Phoebus artem Carminis dedit, poetic spirit or inspiration, Hor. C. 4, 6, 29; cf.:

mihi Spiritum Graiae tenuem Camenae Parca non mendax dedit,

id. ib. 2, 16, 38:

qualis Pindarico spiritus ore tonat,

Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 40:

imperator generosi spiritŭs,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 149: avidus (i. e. to epithumêtikon, the desiring, coveting soul), Hor. C. 2, 2, 10:

quidam comoedia necne poëma Esset, quaesivere: quod acer spiritus ac vis Nec verbis nec rebus inest,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 46:

majoris operis ac spiritūs,

Quint. 1, 9, 15:

alti spiritūs plena,

id. 10, 1, 44:

virtus magni spiritus est et recti,

Sen. Ep. 74, 29:

qui spiritus illi, Quis vultus vocisque sonus,

Verg. A. 5, 648.—

Plur.: Coriolanus hostiles jam tum spiritus gerens, Liv. 2, 35; Curt. 5, 8, 17.—

Transf. (like anima, and the Engl. soul), a beloved object, Vell. 2, 123 fin. —

Spiritus, personified, a spirit (late Lat.); so,

esp., Spiritus Sanctus or simply Spiritus,

the Holy Ghost, Holy Spirit, Cod. Just. 1, 1, 1; Aus. Ephem. 2, 18:

jurare per Deum et per Christum et per Spiritum Sanctum,

Veg. 2, 5:

nocens ille Spiritus,

an evil spirit, Lact. 4, 27, 12:

Spiritus nigri,

evil spirits, Sedul. Carm. 3, 41.