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  • 41 decumani

    dĕcĭmānus or dĕcŭmānus (v. decimus), a, um, adj. [decimus], of or belonging to the tenth part.
    I.
    Prop.
    A.
    Of tithes, as a tax:

    ager,

    that pays tithes, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6; cf.:

    frumentum,

    i. e. a tithe of the produce, id. ib. 2, 3, 5 fin. and 81: oleum, Lucil. ap. Non. 445, 19.—
    2.
    Subst.: dĕcŭmānus, i, m., a farmer of tithes, tithe-gatherer, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13; 71; 2, 3, 8 et saep.: (perh. sarcastically) dĕcŭmāna, ae, f., the wife of a tithefarmer, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33;

    for which decumana mulier,

    id. ib. 34.—
    B.
    Of the tenth cohort: miles, Auct. B. Afr. 16, 2; and oftener absol. dĕcŭmāni, ōrum, m., id. ib. § 1; Auct. B. Hisp. 30 fin.; Tac. H. 5, 20; Suet. Caes. 70.—Esp.: porta decumana, the main entrance of a Roman camp, placed the farthest from the enemy (because the tenth cohort of each legion was there encamped), opposite the porta praetoria, Caes. B. G. 2, 24; 3, 25 fin.; 6, 37; id. B. C. 3, 69; Liv. 3, 5; 10, 32 fin. al.; cf. Veg. Mil. 1, 23; Smith's Ant. p. 222, a.—
    C.
    Decumanus limes, in agriculture, a boundary line drawn from east to west, opp. cardo (v. h. v.), Col. 12, 43, 2; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169; 18, 34, 77, § 337; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 14; v. Wordswörth, Fragm. p. 446.—
    II.
    Meton., considerable, large, immense (cf.: decimus, decem, decies, etc.): accipensere, Lucil. ap. Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 24: DECUMANA ova' dicuntur et DECUMANI fluctus, quia sunt magna, Paul. ex Fest. p. 71, 5; cf. ib. 4, 7 Müll.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > decumani

  • 42 duellicus

    bellĭcus ( duellĭcus), a, um, adj. [bellum], of or pertaining to war, war-, military.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit.:

    ars duellica,

    Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 14:

    bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,

    Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6; Suet. Calig. 43:

    disciplina,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 161:

    jus,

    id. Off. 3, 29, 107:

    virtus,

    id. Mur. 10, 22:

    laus,

    military glory, id. Brut. 21, 84; Caes. B. G. 6, 24:

    laudes,

    Cic. Off. 1, 22, 78:

    gloria,

    Tac. A. 1, 52:

    caerimoniae,

    Liv. 1, 32, 5:

    certamina,

    Flor. 4, 12, 58:

    ignis,

    proceeding from the enemy, Liv. 30, 5, 8:

    tubicen,

    Ov. M. 3, 705:

    rostra,

    Tib. 2, 3, 40:

    navis,

    Prop. 2 (3), 15, 43:

    turba,

    id. 3 (4), 14, 13:

    parma,

    id. 2 (3), 25, 8: nomina, appellatives obtained by valorous deeds in war (as Africanus, Asiaticus, Macedonicus, etc.), Flor. 3, 8, 1:

    nubes,

    the misfortune of war, Claud. Laus. Seren. 196: columella. Fest. p. 27; cf. Bellona.— Hence, subst.: bellĭcum, i, n., a signal for march or for the beginning of an attack (given by the trumpet); always in the connection bellicum canere, to give the signal for breaking up camp, for an attack, for commencing hostilities: Philippum, ubi primum bellicum cani audisset, arma capturum, at the first signal will be ready to take arms, etc., Liv 35, 18, 6:

    simul atque aliqui motus novus bellicum canere coepit,

    causes the war-trumpet to sound, Cic. Mur. 14, 30; Just. 12, 15, 11; App de Mundo, p. 71, 37.—
    B.
    Trop.: idem bellicum me cecinisse dicunt. aroused, incited, Cic. Phil. 7, 1, 3.—And of fiery, inflammatory discourse:

    alter (Thucydides) incitatior fertur et de bellicis rebus canit etiam quodammodo bellicum,

    sounds the alarm, Cic. Or 12, 39:

    non eosdem modos adhibent, cum bellicum est canendum, et cum posito genu supplicandum est,

    Quint. 9, 4, 11; 10, 1, 33. —
    II.
    Transf., poet., = bellicosus, warlike, fierce in war:

    Pallas,

    Ov. M. 5, 46:

    dea,

    id. ib. 2, 752; id. F. 3, 814:

    virgo,

    id. M. 4, 754:

    Mars,

    id. F. 3, 1:

    deus,

    i.e. Romulus, id. ib. 2, 478:

    civitas,

    devoted to war, Vell. 2, 38, 3.—Of animals: equorum duellica proles, * Lucr. 2, 661.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > duellicus

  • 43 hasta

    hasta ( asta), ae, f. [Sanscr. hastas, hand; cf. Gr. root chad- in chandanô, pre-hendo], a spear (syn.: hastile, dolo, gaesum, sarisa, sparus, lancea, pilum, spiculum, telum, etc.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    Most freq. as a military weapon, a lance, pike, javelin (cf. Becker's Antiq. III. 2, p. 242 sq.):

    nec eminus hastis aut comminus gladiis uteretur,

    Cic. de Sen. 6, 19: dum transit, striderat hasta, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 817 P. (Ann. v. 365 Vahl.): Hastati spargunt hastas, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 287 ib.):

    evelli jussit eam, qua erat transfixus, hastam,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97:

    amentatus hastas torquebit,

    id. de Or. 1, 57, 242; cf. id. Brut. 78, 271; id. Top. 17, 65:

    hastas vibrare,

    id. de Or. 2, 80, 325:

    jactare,

    id. ib. 2, 78, 316:

    dirigere in aliquem,

    Ov. M. 8, 66:

    contendere,

    to hurl, Verg. A. 10, 521:

    protendere aut colligere,

    Tac. A. 2, 21 al. —As a symbol of war, sent in making a declaration of the same, Gell. 10, 27, 3; Paul. ex Fest. p. 101 Müll., and thrown into the enemy's territory, Liv 1, 32 fin.; Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 53: pura, i. e. without iron, given to brave soldiers as a mark of distinction, Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 102; Suet. Claud. 28; Inscr. Orell. 3457; cf. Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 760, and Fest. l. l.— As the symbol of legal ownership: festuca uti quasi hastae loco, signo quodam justi dominii, Gai Inst. 4, 16.—
    2.
    Transf., beyond the milit. sphere:

    jacet, diffidit, abjecit hastas,

    i. e. has lost his courage, Cic. Mur. 21, 45.—
    B.
    A spear stuck in the ground at public auctions or where the tribunals of the cenlumviri were held (orig. as a sign of booty gained in battle or of magisterial authority):

    est enim ausus (Sulla) dicere, hasta posita, cum bona in foro venderet et bonorum virorum et locupletium et certe civium praedam se suam vendere,

    Cic. Off. 2, 8, 27; cf.:

    hastam in foro ponere et bona civium voci subicere praeconis,

    id. ib. 2, 23, 83:

    hasta posita pro aede Jovis Statoris, bona voci acerbissimae subjecta praeconis,

    id. Phil. 2, 26, 64:

    quos non illa inflnita hasta satiavit,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 9:

    emptio ab hasta,

    id. Att. 12, 3, 2:

    comitibus eorum sub hasta venditis,

    Liv. 23, 38, 7: municipia Italiae splendidissima sub hasta venierunt, [p. 842] Flor. 3, 21, 27:

    just hastae,

    Tac. A. 13, 28:

    cum censores se jam locationibus abstinerent, convenere ad eos, qui hastae hujus generis assueverant,

    Liv. 24, 18, 10; as a badge of dignity:

    hunc miratur adhuc centum gravis hasta virorum,

    Mart. 7, 63, 7.—Hence, transf., the centumviral court:

    ut centumviralem hastam, quam quaestura functi consuerant cogere, decemviri cogerent,

    Suet. Aug. 36 fin. —
    C.
    A little spear with which a bride's hair was parted into locks, Ov. F. 2, 560.—
    D.
    A spear, as a gymnastic weapon, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 38; 3, 3, 24; id. Most. 1, 2, 73.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of the form of a comet: jubae effigies mutata in hasta est. Plin. 2, 25, 22, § 90.—
    B.
    I. q. membrum virile, Auct. Priap. 45, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > hasta

  • 44 rostratus

    rostrātus, a, um, adj. [id.], having a beak, hook, or crooked point; beaked, curved at the end, rostrated:

    falces,

    Col. 2, 20, 30:

    vectis,

    Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 171:

    navis,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98; Suet. Caes. 63; Auct. B. Afr. 23; cf.

    prora,

    Plin. 9, 30, 49, § 94; and:

    impetus liburnicarum,

    id. 10, 23, 32, § 63: rostrata corona = navalis corona, a crown ornamented with small figures of beaks of ships, given to him who first boarded the enemy ' s vessel, Plin. 16, 4, 3, § 7; 22, 3, 4, § 6.— Hence, in poet. transf.:

    (Agrippae) Tempora navali fulgent rostrata coronā,

    Verg. A. 8, 684; so,

    too, Columna rostrata,

    a column erected in the Forum, to commemorate the naval victory of Duilius in the first Punic war, which was adorned with the beaks of the conquered vessels, Liv. 42, 20, 1; Quint. 1, 7, 12 (cf. Plin. 34, 5, 11, § 20; Sil. 6, 663);

    also in the order rostrata columna,

    Suet. Galb. 23;

    v. the parts of the inscription on this column still extant (one of the oldest monuments of Latin literature), with modern restorations,

    Inscr. Orell. 549.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > rostratus

  • 45 āversus

        āversus adj. with sup.    [P. of averto], turned away, turned back, on the back side, behind, backwards: et adversus et aversus impudicus es: aversum hostem videre, the backs of the enemy, Cs.: ne aversi ab hoste circumvenirentur, shut off in the rear, Cs.: quem aversum transfixit, in the back, N.: aversos boves caudis in speluncam traxit, L.: porta, in the rear, L.: porta aversissima, farthest back, L. — Plur n. as subst, the hinder part, back: per aversa urbis fuga, L.: insulae, L.—Fig., withdrawn: milites a proelio, Cs.— Disinclined, alienated, unfavorable, opposed, averse, hostile: a Musis: aversissimo a me animo esse: a proposito, L.: aversis auribus questa, to deaf. ears, L.: Deae mens, V.: amici, H.—With dat: nobis, Ta.: mercaturis, H.: lucro, not greedy of, H.
    * * *
    aversa -um, aversior -or -us, aversissimus -a -um ADJ
    turned/facing away, w/back turned; behind, in rear; distant; averse; hostile

    Latin-English dictionary > āversus

  • 46 advento

    advento, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. [id.], to come continually nearer to a point (cotidianis itineribus accedere et appropinquare, Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 2, 6 init.), to come on, to approach, to arrive at or come to (esp. with the access. idea of speed, haste; only a few times in Cic., and never in his orations; in the histt. used esp. of the advance of the enemy's army in military order, and the like, cf. Herz. ad Auct. B. G. 8, 20; hence without the signif. of a hostile attack, which adoriri and aggredi have); constr. absol., with adv., prepp., the dat., or acc., cf. Rudd. II. p. 136.
    (α).
    Absol.: multi alii adventant, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 15 (Trag. v. 73 Vahl.):

    te id admonitum advento,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 24:

    quod jam tempus adventat,

    advances with rapid strides, Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

    adventans senectus,

    id. Sen. 1, 2:

    tu adventare ac prope adesse jam debes,

    id. Att. 4. 17:

    Caesar adventare, jam jamque adesse ejus equites falso nuntiabantur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 14; Auct. B. G. 8, 20.—
    (β).
    With adv. of place: quo cum adventaret, etc., Auct. B. G. 8, 26.—
    (γ).
    With prepp.:

    ad Italiam,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 1:

    ad urbem,

    Verg. A. 11, 514:

    sub ipsam finem,

    id. ib. 5, 428: in subsidium, Tac. A. 14, 32.—
    (δ).
    With dat.:

    adventante fatali urbi clade,

    Liv. 5, 33:

    accipiendo Armeniae regno adventabat,

    Tac. A. 16, 23:

    portis,

    Stat. Th. 11, 20, 2.—
    (ε).
    With acc. (cf. advenio):

    propinqua Seleuciae adventabat,

    Tac. A. 6, 44:

    barbaricos pagos ad ventans,

    Amm. 14, 10;

    so of name of town: postquam Romam adventabant,

    Sall. J. 28.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > advento

  • 47 pello

    pello, pĕpŭli, pulsum, 3 ( pluperf. pulserat, Amm. 30, 5, 19), v. a. [kindred with Gr. pallô, pelô], to beat, strike, knock any thing or at any thing; to push, drive, hurl, impel, propel.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen. (mostly poet.;

    syn.: trudo, percutio): pueri pulsi,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48:

    pectora pellite tonsis, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. tonsa, p. 356 Müll. (Ann. v. 235 Vahl.): terram pede,

    Lucr. 5, 1402:

    ter pede terram (in the tripudium),

    Hor. C. 3, 18, 15:

    humum pedibus,

    Cat. 61, 14:

    fores,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 4; 5, 3, 2:

    impetu venientium pulsae fores,

    Tac. A. 11, 37: spumat sale rate pulsum, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 26 (Ann. v. 378 Vahl.); cf.: unda pulsa remis, Cic. Ac. Fragm. ap. Non. 162, 30; so,

    vada remis,

    Cat. 64, 58:

    (arbor) ventis pulsa,

    Lucr. 5, 1096.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To drive out or away, to thrust or turn out, expel, banish; esp. milit., to drive back, discomfit, rout the enemy (freq. and class.; syn.: fugo, elimino, deicio); constr. with abl., with ex, rarely with de; also with ab and abl. of the place from which one is repelled or driven back, but has not entered:

    cum viri boni lapidibus e foro pellerentur,

    Cic. Pis. 10, 23; so,

    omnes ex Galliae finibus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 11; and:

    praesidium ex arce,

    Nep. Pelop. 3 fin.:

    a foribus,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 113:

    istum ab Hispaniā,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    patriis ab agris Pellor,

    Ov. M. 14, 477; cf. Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 9:

    aliquem a sacris,

    Ov. Ib. 624:

    possessores suis sedibus,

    Cic. Off. 2, 22, 78:

    aliquem sedibus,

    Sall. J. 41, 8:

    aliquem possessionibus,

    Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

    aliquem civitate,

    id. Par. 4, 1, 27:

    loco,

    Liv. 10, 6:

    patria,

    Nep. Arist. 1:

    aliquem regno,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 13; Just. 35, 1, 3.—Of inanim. objects:

    aquam de agro,

    Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 230:

    tecta, quibus frigorum vis pelleretur,

    Cic. Off. 2, 11, 13:

    placidam nives pectore aquam,

    Tib. 1, 4, 12; 3, 5, 30:

    calculos e corpore,

    Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 64.—Without indicating the place whence:

    qui armis perterritus, fugatus, pulsus est,

    Cic. Caecin. 11, 31:

    hostes pelluntur,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 62, 3; cf.:

    milites pulsi fugatique,

    Sall. J. 74, 3:

    exsules tyrannorum injuriā pulsi,

    driven out, banished, Liv. 34, 26, 12:

    Athenienses Diagoram philosophum pepulerunt,

    Val. Max. 1, 1, 7 ext. — With abl. of manner:

    pudendis Volneribus pulsus,

    Verg. A. 11, 56; cf.:

    si fugisset vulneratus a tergo, etc., Serv. ad loc.—Specifying the place whither: miles pellitur foras,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 11:

    in exsilium pulsus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56.—
    2.
    In milit. lang., to rout, put to flight, discomfit:

    exercitum ejus ab Helvetiis pulsum et sub jugum missum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 4:

    compluribus his proeliis pulsis,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 5:

    Romanos pulsos superatosque,

    id. ib. 2, 24 fin., etc.; 1, 52; Liv. 2, 50; Just. 1, 6, 13; 2, 12, 26.—
    3.
    To strike, set in motion, impel:

    inpello, sagitta pulsa manu,

    Verg. A. 12, 320.—
    4.
    Of a musical instrument, to strike the chords, play:

    nervi pulsi,

    struck, Cic. Brut. 54, 199:

    lyra pulsa manu,

    Ov. M. 10, 205; cf.:

    classica pulsa,

    i. e. blown, Tib. 1, 1, 4.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to strike, touch, move, affect, impress, etc. (class.):

    totum corpus hominis et ejus omnis vultus omnesque voces, ut nervi in fidibus, ita sonant, ut a motu animi quoque sunt pulsae,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216; cf.

    of sound: Ille canit, pulsae referunt ad sidera valles,

    Verg. E. 6, 84:

    sonat amnis, et Asia longe Pulsa palus,

    id. A. 7, 702:

    quemadmodum visa nos pellerent,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; cf.:

    visa enim ista cum acriter mentem sensumve pepulerunt,

    id. ib. 2, 20, 66; id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

    quod (dictum) cum animos hominum aurisque pepulisset,

    id. Or. 53, 177:

    species utilitatis pepulit eum,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 41:

    fit saepe, ut pellantur animi vehementius,

    id. Div. 1, 36, 80:

    nec habet ullum ictum, quo pellat animum,

    id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

    nulla me ipsum privatim pepulit insignis injuria,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

    ipsum in Hispaniā juvenem nullius forma pepulerat captivae,

    Liv. 30, 14, 3:

    non mediocri curā Scipionis animum pepulit,

    id. 30, 14, 1:

    pulsusque residerat ardor,

    Ov. M. 7, 76:

    longi sermonis initium pepulisti,

    you have struck the chord of a long discussion, Cic. Brut. 87, 297.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To drive out or away, to banish, expel:

    maestitiam ex animis,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43:

    procul a me dolorem,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 27:

    pulsus Corde dolor,

    Verg. A. 6, 382:

    glandt famem,

    Ov. M. 14, 216; so,

    sitim,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 14:

    frigoris vim tectis,

    Cic. Off. 2, 4, 13:

    somnum,

    Sil. 7, 300;

    Col. poët. 10, 69: Phoebeā morbos arte,

    Ov. F. 3, 827:

    vino curas,

    Hor. C. 1, 7, 31:

    moram,

    Ov. M. 2, 838:

    dolore pulsa est amentia,

    id. ib. 5, 511:

    turpia crimina a vobis,

    id. A. A. 3, 379:

    umbras noctis,

    Cat. 63, 41:

    sidera,

    Ov. M. 2, 530:

    nubila,

    id. ib. 6, 690:

    tenebras,

    id. ib. 7, 703; 15, 651.—
    2.
    To beat, conquer, overcome (very rare): si animus hominem pepulit, actum'st: animo servit, non sibi;

    Sin ipse animum pepulit, vivit, victor victorum cluet,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 27 sq.:

    alicui pudicitiam,

    id. Ep. 4, 1, 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pello

  • 48 praesto

    1.
    praestō (old collat. form praestū, acc. to Curtius Valerianus in Cassiod. p. 2289 P.: qui praestu sunt, Inscr. Carina Via Appia, 1, p. 217. In later time as adj.: prae-stus, a, um:

    bonorum officio praestus fui,

    Inscr. Grut. 669, 4), adv. [dat. from praestus, a sup. form from prae, so that praesto esse alicui = to be or stand in the foremost place for or as respects one], at hand, ready, present, here; usually with esse (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ni tua propitia pax foret praesto,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: sed ubi est frater? Chaer. Praesto adest, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 120; so Att. Tr. 498:

    quod adest praesto in primis placet,

    Lucr. 5, 1412; Lact. 3, 7, 10:

    sacrificiis omnibus praesto adesse,

    id. 2, 16, 10;

    more freq., praesto esse: ibi mihi praesto fuit L. Lucilius,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1:

    togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt,

    id. Pis. 23, 55:

    tibi nulla fuit clementia praesto?

    hadst thou no compassion? Cat. 64, 137: praesto esse, to arrive, appear:

    hirundines aestivo tempore praesto sunt,

    Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61.—Without esse ( poet.):

    era, eccum praesto militem,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 1:

    ipsum adeo praesto video,

    Ter. And. 2, 5, 4; Stat. Th. 6, 643.—
    II.
    In partic: praesto esse or adire
    A.
    To be at hand, to attend or wait upon, to serve, aid:

    ero meo ut omnibus locis sine praesto,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:

    jus civile didicit, praesto multis fuit,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 19:

    praesto esse clientem tuum?

    id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    saluti tuae praesto esse, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas,

    id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; id. Fam. 4, 14, 4:

    ut ad omnia, quae tui velint, ita assim praesto, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 8, 1; id. Att. 4, 12, 1 fin.;

    also with videor,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1 fin. —With adire:

    pauper erit praesto semper tibi, pauper adibit primus,

    will be at hand, at your service, Tib. 1, 5, 61.—
    B.
    With esse, to present one's self in a hostile manner, to resist, oppose:

    si quis mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus,

    Cic. Caecin. 30, 87:

    quaestores cum fascibus mihi praesto fuerunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 11.
    2.
    prae-sto, ĭti (post-class. also praestāvi), ātum or ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a.
    I.
    Neutr., to stand before or in front.
    A.
    Lit.:

    dum primae praestant acies,

    Luc. 4, 30.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand out, be superior, to distinguish one's self, to be excellent, distinguished, admirable; constr. alicui aliquā re, alicui rei, in aliquā re, or absol. (class.):

    cum virtute omnibus praestarent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    quantum praestiterint nostri majores prudentiā ceteris gentibus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 192:

    quā re homines bestiis praestent,

    id. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

    hoc praestat amicitia propinquitati, quod, etc.,

    id. Lael. 5, 19:

    Zeuxin muliebri in corpore pingendo plurimum aliis praestare,

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    ceteris,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

    suos inter aequales longe praestitit,

    id. Brut. 64, 230:

    omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,

    Sall. C. 1, 1:

    praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 3:

    quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia,

    Liv. 1, 57, 7:

    cernere, quantum eques Latinus Romano praestet,

    id. 8, 7, 7:

    quantum vel vir viro vel gens genti praestat!

    id. 31, 7, 8:

    genere militum praestare tironibus,

    id. 42, 52, 10:

    tantum Romana in bellis gloria ceteris praestat,

    Quint. 1, 10, 14:

    qui eloquentiā ceteris praestet,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 2, 16, 17; Curt. 8, 14, 13; Just. 18, 3, 14; 28, 2, 11; 44, 3, 9:

    sacro, quod praestat, peracto,

    Juv. 12, 86:

    probro atque petulantiā maxume praestabant,

    were pre-eminent, distinguished themselves, Sall. C. 37, 5:

    truculentiā caeli praestat Germania,

    Tac. A. 2, 24:

    cur alias aliis praestare videmus Pondere res rebus?

    Lucr. 1, 358.—
    2.
    Praestat, with a subjectclause, it is preferable or better:

    nimio impendiosum praestat te, quam ingratum dicier,

    it is much better, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 12:

    mori milies praestitit, quam haec pati,

    it was better, Cic. Att. 14, 9, 2:

    praestare dicunt, Gallorum quam Romanorum imperia perferre,

    it is better, Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    motos praestat componere fluctus,

    Verg. A. 1, 135; 3, 429; 6, 39.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    To surpass, outstrip, exceed, [p. 1431] excel (not in Cic. or Cæs.; constr. usually aliquem aliquā re): qui primus in alterutrā re praestet alios, Varr. ap. Non. 502, 23; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10; 3, 1, 3:

    quantum Galli virtute ceteros mortales praestarent,

    Liv. 5, 36, 4:

    qui belli gloriā Gallos omnes Belgasque praestabant,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 6:

    praestate virtute peditem, ut honore atque ordine praestatis,

    Liv. 3, 61, 7:

    ut vetustate et gradu honoris nos praestent,

    id. 7, 30, 4; 34, 34, 14; 37, 30, 2:

    praestat ingenio alius alium,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3; Val. Max. 3, 2, 21; 3, 2, ext. 7;

    7, 2, 17: honore ceteros,

    Nep. Att. 18, 5; 3, 3; id. Reg. 3, 5:

    imperatores prudentiā,

    id. Hann. 1, 1:

    eloquentiā omnes eo tempore,

    id. Epam. 6, 1.—Only aliquem, Stat. Th. 4, 838.—
    B.
    To become surety for, to answer or vouch for, to warrant, be responsible for, to take upon one's self, etc. (class.):

    ut omnes ministros imperii tui rei publicae praestare videare,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:

    quem tamen ego praestare non poteram,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 5:

    quanto magis arduum est alios praestare quam se, tanto laudabilius,

    Plin. Pan. 83:

    communem incertumque casum neque vitare quisquam nostrum, nec praestare ullo pacto potest,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: simus eā mente ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, that we need only answer for guilt, i. e. keep ourselves clear of guilt, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:

    impetus populi praestare nemo potest,

    no one can be held to answer for the outbreaks of the people, id. de Or. 2, 28, 124:

    periculum judicii,

    id. Mur. 2, 3:

    damnum alicui,

    id. Off. 3, 16:

    invidiam,

    id. Sest. 28, 61:

    nihil,

    to be responsible for nothing, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; cf. in pass.:

    cum id, quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, evenerit,

    what none could vouch for that it would not happen, id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. —With ab aliquā re:

    ego tibi a vi praestare nihil possum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3.—With de:

    quod de te sperare, de me praestare possum,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2.—With an objectclause:

    quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29; cf.:

    (praedones) nullos fore, quis praestare poterat?

    id. Fl. 12, 28:

    meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum,

    Juv. 14, 212.—With ut:

    illius lacrimae praestant ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris,

    Juv. 6, 539.—
    C.
    In gen., to fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute:

    arbitramur nos ea praestitisse, quae ratio et doctrina praescripserit,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 7:

    ultima exspectato, quae ego tibi et jucunda et honesta praestabo,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    suum munus,

    id. de Or. 2, 9, 38:

    hospitii et amicitiae jus officiumque,

    id. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

    ne quem ejus paeniteret, praestiti,

    I took care, exerted myself, Liv. 30, 30; Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 19:

    quamcumque ei fidem dederis, ego praestabo,

    I will fulfil, keep the promise, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

    fidem alicui,

    Liv. 30, 15:

    pacem cum iis populus Romanus non ab se tantum, sed ab rege etiam Masinissa praestitit,

    maintained, id. 40, 34:

    tributa,

    to pay, Juv. 3, 188:

    annua,

    id. 6, 480:

    triplicem usuram,

    id. 9, 7.— Pass.:

    promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum,

    Liv. 43, 18, 11:

    mea tibi tamen benevolentia fidesque praestabitur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; so,

    quibus (victoribus) senatūs fides praestabitur,

    id. Phil. 14, 11, 30:

    virtus vetat spectare fortunam dum praestetur fides,

    id. Div. 2, 37, 79:

    ni praestaretur fides publica,

    Liv. 2, 28, 7.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To keep, preserve, maintain, retain:

    pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem publicam debuisse,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 5; Ov. M. 11, 748:

    omnes socios salvos praestare poteramus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55:

    mors omnia praestat Vitalem praeter sensum calidumque vaporem,

    Lucr. 3, 214. —
    b.
    To show, exhibit, to prove, evince, manifest:

    Pomptinius praestat tibi memoriam benevolentiamque, quam debet,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    neque hercule in iis ipsis rebus eam voluntatem, quam exspectaram, praestiterunt,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 5:

    virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

    benevolentiam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1:

    consilium suum fidemque,

    id. de Or. 3, 33, 134. —With se, to show, prove, or behave one's self as: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    se incolumem,

    Lucr. 3, 220:

    se invictum,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 104:

    teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae,

    show thyself constant, id. ib. 4, 5, 23:

    Victoria nunc quoque se praestet,

    show itself, id. ib. 2, 169: sed ne ad illam quidem artissimam innocentiae formulam praestare nos possumus, prove ourselves innocent even according to that rule, Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 1:

    juris periti consultatoribus se praestabant,

    showed themselves accessible, Dig. 1, 2, 2.— Poet.:

    vel magnum praestet Achillem,

    should show, prove, approve himself a great Achilles, Verg. A. 11, 438.—
    c.
    To show, exhibit, manifest:

    honorem debitum patri,

    Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:

    fratri pietatem,

    id. Brut. 33, 126:

    virtutem et diligentiam alicui,

    id. Fam. 14, 3, 2:

    frequentiam et officium alicui honores petenti,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

    obsequium,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 59, 8:

    sedulitatem alicui rei,

    to apply, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 6.—
    d.
    To give, offer, furnish, present, expose:

    alicui certam summam pecuniae,

    Suet. Dom. 9: cervicem, Sen. ap. Diom. p. 362 P.:

    caput fulminibus,

    to expose, Luc. 5, 770:

    Hiberus praestat nomen terris,

    id. 4, 23:

    anser praestat ex se pullos atque plumam,

    Col. 8, 13:

    cum senatui sententiam praestaret,

    gave his vote, Cic. Pis. 32, 80:

    terga hosti,

    to turn one's back to the enemy, to flee, Tac. Agr. 37:

    voluptatem perpetuam sapienti,

    to assume, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 89.— Pass.:

    pueri, quibus id (biduum) praestabatur,

    was devoted, Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; cf.:

    corpus, cui omnia olim tamquam servo praestabantur, nunc tamquam domino parantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 19.—Hence, praestans, antis, P. a., pre-eminent, superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary.
    A.
    In gen. (class.).
    1.
    Of persons:

    omnibus praestans et ingenio et diligentiā,

    far surpassing all, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 22:

    usu et sapientiā praestantes,

    noted for their experience and wisdom, Nep. Timoth. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    virginibus praestantior omnibus Herse,

    superior to all, Ov. M. 2, 724.— Sup.:

    in illis artibus praestantissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217:

    praestantissimi studio atque doctrinā,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—With gen.:

    o praestans animi juvenis,

    distinguished for courage, Verg. A. 12, 19:

    belli,

    Sil. 5, 92:

    armorum,

    Stat. Th. 1, 605:

    praestantissimus sapientiae,

    Tac. A. 6, 6.— Poet., with objectclause:

    quo non praestantior alter Aere ciere viros,

    whom no other excelled in rousing the men, Verg. A. 6, 164.—
    2.
    Of things, pre-eminent, excellent, remarkable, extraordinary, distinguished:

    praestanti corpore Nymphae,

    Verg. A. 1, 71:

    praestanti corpore tauri,

    id. G. 4, 550:

    formā,

    id. A. 7, 483:

    naturā excellens atque praestans,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    qui a te tractatus est praestanti et singulari fide,

    id. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    praestans prudentiā in omnibus,

    Nep. Alc. 5, 1; Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

    quid praestantius mihi potuit accidere?

    id. Vatin. 3, 8.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Efficacious:

    medicina,

    Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 130:

    usus praestantior,

    id. 18, 13, 34, § 126:

    calamus praestantior odore,

    id. 12, 22, 48, § 105:

    sucus sapore praestantissimus,

    id. 15, 1, 2, § 5:

    praestantissima auxilia,

    id. 27, 13, 120, § 146.—
    2.
    Sup.:

    Praestantissimus,

    a title of the later emperors, Nazar. 26; Tert. Cor. Mil. 1.— Hence, adv.: praestanter, excellently, admirably (post-Aug.); sup.:

    praestantissime,

    Plin. 28, 12, 50, § 186.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praesto

  • 49 praestu

    1.
    praestō (old collat. form praestū, acc. to Curtius Valerianus in Cassiod. p. 2289 P.: qui praestu sunt, Inscr. Carina Via Appia, 1, p. 217. In later time as adj.: prae-stus, a, um:

    bonorum officio praestus fui,

    Inscr. Grut. 669, 4), adv. [dat. from praestus, a sup. form from prae, so that praesto esse alicui = to be or stand in the foremost place for or as respects one], at hand, ready, present, here; usually with esse (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ni tua propitia pax foret praesto,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: sed ubi est frater? Chaer. Praesto adest, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 120; so Att. Tr. 498:

    quod adest praesto in primis placet,

    Lucr. 5, 1412; Lact. 3, 7, 10:

    sacrificiis omnibus praesto adesse,

    id. 2, 16, 10;

    more freq., praesto esse: ibi mihi praesto fuit L. Lucilius,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1:

    togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt,

    id. Pis. 23, 55:

    tibi nulla fuit clementia praesto?

    hadst thou no compassion? Cat. 64, 137: praesto esse, to arrive, appear:

    hirundines aestivo tempore praesto sunt,

    Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61.—Without esse ( poet.):

    era, eccum praesto militem,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 1:

    ipsum adeo praesto video,

    Ter. And. 2, 5, 4; Stat. Th. 6, 643.—
    II.
    In partic: praesto esse or adire
    A.
    To be at hand, to attend or wait upon, to serve, aid:

    ero meo ut omnibus locis sine praesto,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:

    jus civile didicit, praesto multis fuit,

    Cic. Mur. 9, 19:

    praesto esse clientem tuum?

    id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    saluti tuae praesto esse, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas,

    id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; id. Fam. 4, 14, 4:

    ut ad omnia, quae tui velint, ita assim praesto, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 4, 8, 1; id. Att. 4, 12, 1 fin.;

    also with videor,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 1 fin. —With adire:

    pauper erit praesto semper tibi, pauper adibit primus,

    will be at hand, at your service, Tib. 1, 5, 61.—
    B.
    With esse, to present one's self in a hostile manner, to resist, oppose:

    si quis mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus,

    Cic. Caecin. 30, 87:

    quaestores cum fascibus mihi praesto fuerunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 11.
    2.
    prae-sto, ĭti (post-class. also praestāvi), ātum or ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a.
    I.
    Neutr., to stand before or in front.
    A.
    Lit.:

    dum primae praestant acies,

    Luc. 4, 30.—
    B.
    Trop., to stand out, be superior, to distinguish one's self, to be excellent, distinguished, admirable; constr. alicui aliquā re, alicui rei, in aliquā re, or absol. (class.):

    cum virtute omnibus praestarent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3:

    quantum praestiterint nostri majores prudentiā ceteris gentibus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 192:

    quā re homines bestiis praestent,

    id. Inv. 1, 4, 5:

    hoc praestat amicitia propinquitati, quod, etc.,

    id. Lael. 5, 19:

    Zeuxin muliebri in corpore pingendo plurimum aliis praestare,

    id. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    ceteris,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 16:

    suos inter aequales longe praestitit,

    id. Brut. 64, 230:

    omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,

    Sall. C. 1, 1:

    praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae,

    Nep. Chabr. 4, 3:

    quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia,

    Liv. 1, 57, 7:

    cernere, quantum eques Latinus Romano praestet,

    id. 8, 7, 7:

    quantum vel vir viro vel gens genti praestat!

    id. 31, 7, 8:

    genere militum praestare tironibus,

    id. 42, 52, 10:

    tantum Romana in bellis gloria ceteris praestat,

    Quint. 1, 10, 14:

    qui eloquentiā ceteris praestet,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 2, 16, 17; Curt. 8, 14, 13; Just. 18, 3, 14; 28, 2, 11; 44, 3, 9:

    sacro, quod praestat, peracto,

    Juv. 12, 86:

    probro atque petulantiā maxume praestabant,

    were pre-eminent, distinguished themselves, Sall. C. 37, 5:

    truculentiā caeli praestat Germania,

    Tac. A. 2, 24:

    cur alias aliis praestare videmus Pondere res rebus?

    Lucr. 1, 358.—
    2.
    Praestat, with a subjectclause, it is preferable or better:

    nimio impendiosum praestat te, quam ingratum dicier,

    it is much better, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 12:

    mori milies praestitit, quam haec pati,

    it was better, Cic. Att. 14, 9, 2:

    praestare dicunt, Gallorum quam Romanorum imperia perferre,

    it is better, Caes. B. G. 1, 17:

    motos praestat componere fluctus,

    Verg. A. 1, 135; 3, 429; 6, 39.
    II.
    Act.
    A.
    To surpass, outstrip, exceed, [p. 1431] excel (not in Cic. or Cæs.; constr. usually aliquem aliquā re): qui primus in alterutrā re praestet alios, Varr. ap. Non. 502, 23; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10; 3, 1, 3:

    quantum Galli virtute ceteros mortales praestarent,

    Liv. 5, 36, 4:

    qui belli gloriā Gallos omnes Belgasque praestabant,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 6:

    praestate virtute peditem, ut honore atque ordine praestatis,

    Liv. 3, 61, 7:

    ut vetustate et gradu honoris nos praestent,

    id. 7, 30, 4; 34, 34, 14; 37, 30, 2:

    praestat ingenio alius alium,

    Quint. 1, 1, 3; Val. Max. 3, 2, 21; 3, 2, ext. 7;

    7, 2, 17: honore ceteros,

    Nep. Att. 18, 5; 3, 3; id. Reg. 3, 5:

    imperatores prudentiā,

    id. Hann. 1, 1:

    eloquentiā omnes eo tempore,

    id. Epam. 6, 1.—Only aliquem, Stat. Th. 4, 838.—
    B.
    To become surety for, to answer or vouch for, to warrant, be responsible for, to take upon one's self, etc. (class.):

    ut omnes ministros imperii tui rei publicae praestare videare,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3:

    quem tamen ego praestare non poteram,

    id. Att. 6, 3, 5:

    quanto magis arduum est alios praestare quam se, tanto laudabilius,

    Plin. Pan. 83:

    communem incertumque casum neque vitare quisquam nostrum, nec praestare ullo pacto potest,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: simus eā mente ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, that we need only answer for guilt, i. e. keep ourselves clear of guilt, id. ib. 6, 1, 4:

    impetus populi praestare nemo potest,

    no one can be held to answer for the outbreaks of the people, id. de Or. 2, 28, 124:

    periculum judicii,

    id. Mur. 2, 3:

    damnum alicui,

    id. Off. 3, 16:

    invidiam,

    id. Sest. 28, 61:

    nihil,

    to be responsible for nothing, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; cf. in pass.:

    cum id, quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, evenerit,

    what none could vouch for that it would not happen, id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. —With ab aliquā re:

    ego tibi a vi praestare nihil possum,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3.—With de:

    quod de te sperare, de me praestare possum,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2.—With an objectclause:

    quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29; cf.:

    (praedones) nullos fore, quis praestare poterat?

    id. Fl. 12, 28:

    meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum,

    Juv. 14, 212.—With ut:

    illius lacrimae praestant ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris,

    Juv. 6, 539.—
    C.
    In gen., to fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute:

    arbitramur nos ea praestitisse, quae ratio et doctrina praescripserit,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 7:

    ultima exspectato, quae ego tibi et jucunda et honesta praestabo,

    id. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

    suum munus,

    id. de Or. 2, 9, 38:

    hospitii et amicitiae jus officiumque,

    id. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

    ne quem ejus paeniteret, praestiti,

    I took care, exerted myself, Liv. 30, 30; Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 19:

    quamcumque ei fidem dederis, ego praestabo,

    I will fulfil, keep the promise, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 2:

    fidem alicui,

    Liv. 30, 15:

    pacem cum iis populus Romanus non ab se tantum, sed ab rege etiam Masinissa praestitit,

    maintained, id. 40, 34:

    tributa,

    to pay, Juv. 3, 188:

    annua,

    id. 6, 480:

    triplicem usuram,

    id. 9, 7.— Pass.:

    promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum,

    Liv. 43, 18, 11:

    mea tibi tamen benevolentia fidesque praestabitur,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; so,

    quibus (victoribus) senatūs fides praestabitur,

    id. Phil. 14, 11, 30:

    virtus vetat spectare fortunam dum praestetur fides,

    id. Div. 2, 37, 79:

    ni praestaretur fides publica,

    Liv. 2, 28, 7.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To keep, preserve, maintain, retain:

    pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem publicam debuisse,

    Cic. Att. 10, 4, 5; Ov. M. 11, 748:

    omnes socios salvos praestare poteramus,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55:

    mors omnia praestat Vitalem praeter sensum calidumque vaporem,

    Lucr. 3, 214. —
    b.
    To show, exhibit, to prove, evince, manifest:

    Pomptinius praestat tibi memoriam benevolentiamque, quam debet,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    neque hercule in iis ipsis rebus eam voluntatem, quam exspectaram, praestiterunt,

    id. ib. 1, 9, 5:

    virtutem,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27:

    benevolentiam,

    Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1:

    consilium suum fidemque,

    id. de Or. 3, 33, 134. —With se, to show, prove, or behave one's self as: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

    se incolumem,

    Lucr. 3, 220:

    se invictum,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 104:

    teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae,

    show thyself constant, id. ib. 4, 5, 23:

    Victoria nunc quoque se praestet,

    show itself, id. ib. 2, 169: sed ne ad illam quidem artissimam innocentiae formulam praestare nos possumus, prove ourselves innocent even according to that rule, Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 1:

    juris periti consultatoribus se praestabant,

    showed themselves accessible, Dig. 1, 2, 2.— Poet.:

    vel magnum praestet Achillem,

    should show, prove, approve himself a great Achilles, Verg. A. 11, 438.—
    c.
    To show, exhibit, manifest:

    honorem debitum patri,

    Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:

    fratri pietatem,

    id. Brut. 33, 126:

    virtutem et diligentiam alicui,

    id. Fam. 14, 3, 2:

    frequentiam et officium alicui honores petenti,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 50:

    obsequium,

    Sen. Q. N. 2, 59, 8:

    sedulitatem alicui rei,

    to apply, Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 6.—
    d.
    To give, offer, furnish, present, expose:

    alicui certam summam pecuniae,

    Suet. Dom. 9: cervicem, Sen. ap. Diom. p. 362 P.:

    caput fulminibus,

    to expose, Luc. 5, 770:

    Hiberus praestat nomen terris,

    id. 4, 23:

    anser praestat ex se pullos atque plumam,

    Col. 8, 13:

    cum senatui sententiam praestaret,

    gave his vote, Cic. Pis. 32, 80:

    terga hosti,

    to turn one's back to the enemy, to flee, Tac. Agr. 37:

    voluptatem perpetuam sapienti,

    to assume, Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 89.— Pass.:

    pueri, quibus id (biduum) praestabatur,

    was devoted, Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; cf.:

    corpus, cui omnia olim tamquam servo praestabantur, nunc tamquam domino parantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 19.—Hence, praestans, antis, P. a., pre-eminent, superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary.
    A.
    In gen. (class.).
    1.
    Of persons:

    omnibus praestans et ingenio et diligentiā,

    far surpassing all, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 22:

    usu et sapientiā praestantes,

    noted for their experience and wisdom, Nep. Timoth. 3, 2.— Comp.:

    virginibus praestantior omnibus Herse,

    superior to all, Ov. M. 2, 724.— Sup.:

    in illis artibus praestantissimus,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217:

    praestantissimi studio atque doctrinā,

    id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—With gen.:

    o praestans animi juvenis,

    distinguished for courage, Verg. A. 12, 19:

    belli,

    Sil. 5, 92:

    armorum,

    Stat. Th. 1, 605:

    praestantissimus sapientiae,

    Tac. A. 6, 6.— Poet., with objectclause:

    quo non praestantior alter Aere ciere viros,

    whom no other excelled in rousing the men, Verg. A. 6, 164.—
    2.
    Of things, pre-eminent, excellent, remarkable, extraordinary, distinguished:

    praestanti corpore Nymphae,

    Verg. A. 1, 71:

    praestanti corpore tauri,

    id. G. 4, 550:

    formā,

    id. A. 7, 483:

    naturā excellens atque praestans,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    qui a te tractatus est praestanti et singulari fide,

    id. Fam. 3, 10, 3:

    praestans prudentiā in omnibus,

    Nep. Alc. 5, 1; Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38:

    quid praestantius mihi potuit accidere?

    id. Vatin. 3, 8.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Efficacious:

    medicina,

    Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 130:

    usus praestantior,

    id. 18, 13, 34, § 126:

    calamus praestantior odore,

    id. 12, 22, 48, § 105:

    sucus sapore praestantissimus,

    id. 15, 1, 2, § 5:

    praestantissima auxilia,

    id. 27, 13, 120, § 146.—
    2.
    Sup.:

    Praestantissimus,

    a title of the later emperors, Nazar. 26; Tert. Cor. Mil. 1.— Hence, adv.: praestanter, excellently, admirably (post-Aug.); sup.:

    praestantissime,

    Plin. 28, 12, 50, § 186.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praestu

  • 50 aequō

        aequō āvī, ātus, āre    [aequus], to make equal, equalize: suas opes cum potentissimis aequari, Cs.: numerum (corporum) cum navibus, V.: fortunam animis, L.: tecta caelo, raise, V.: illi... amorem, returns equal love, V.: imperium terris, animos Olympo, extend, V.: solo aequandae sunt dictaturae, abolished, L.: nocti ludum, i. e. play all night, V.: Ibant aequati numero, i. e. kept step to the song, V.: aequato omnium periculo, Cs.: aequato Marte, L.: cur non omnia aequantur? i. e. equally vested in the two parties, L.: caelo te laudibus, raise, V.: laborem Partibus iustis (abl.), distribute equally, V.: foedera cum rigidis aequata Sabinis, i. e. made on equal terms, H. — To place on an equality with, compare: scelera cum aliis. — Of places, to make level, even, smooth: locum, Cs.: area aequanda cylindro, V.: pumice omnia, Ct.: aciem, i. e. make as long as the enemy's, L.: nec tamen aequari frontes poterant, L. — To become equal, equal, come up to, attain, reach: illis se: caelum, to reach, O.: cum sulcos aequant sata, i. e. grow as high as the ridges, V.: facta dictis, i. e. speak worthily of the achievements, L.: lacrimis labores, lament adequately, V.: regum opes animis, i. e. rival by his spirit, V.: ducem passibus, keep pace with, V.: sagitta aequans ventos, as swift as the winds, V.: vellera nebulas aequantia, i. e. as fine as mist, O.: munia comparis, i. e. draw even with her mate, H.
    * * *
    aequare, aequavi, aequatus V TRANS
    level, make even/straight; equal; compare; reach as high or deep as

    Latin-English dictionary > aequō

  • 51 castrensis

    castrensis, e, adj. [castra], of or per-taining to the camp, camp-:

    ratio ac militaris,

    Cic. Cael. 5, 11:

    arma,

    Prop. 3 (4), 9, 19:

    consilium,

    Liv. 44, 35, 4:

    triumphus,

    id. 7, 36, 8: corona, awarded to him who first entered the enemy ' s camp, acc. to Gell. 5, 6, 17; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 57 Müll. (also called vallaris, v. h. v.):

    jurisdictio,

    Tac. Agr. 9:

    ludi,

    Suet. Tib. 72 Oud.:

    jocus,

    id. Calig. 9:

    vigilia,

    Plin. 10, 21, 24, § 46: exsilium. sarcastically, for military service, Just. 14, 4, 14: verbum, a military phrase (e. g. conterraneus, copiari, q. v.), Plin. praef. § 1 Sill.; Gell. 17, 2, 9:

    pensa,

    Prop. 4 (5), 3, 33:

    peculium,

    obtained in military service, Dig. 49, 17, 11 v. peculium: creditores, who have a claim against the soldier ' s pay, ib. 49, 17, 7.—
    II.
    Subst.: castrensis, is, m.
    A.
    A soldier in the camp:

    quietem omnibus castrensibus dare,

    Front. Strat. 2, 5, 30.—
    B.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > castrensis

  • 52 dimico

    dī-mĭco, āvi (e. g. dimicavere, Vell. 2, 85, 1;

    dimicaverant,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4, 3;

    dimicassent,

    Vell. 2, 85, 5 al.;

    dimicuisse,

    Ov. Am. 2, 7, 2; 2, 13, 28), ātum, 1, v. n., lit., to brandish one's weapons against the enemy, i. e. to fight, struggle, contend (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    manum conserere atque armis dimicare,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 20, 4:

    armis cum aliquo,

    Nep. Milt. 1, 2:

    ferro pro patria,

    Liv. 1, 24:

    acie cum aliquo,

    id. 2, 49 fin.;

    for which: in acie,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 64, 2:

    proelio,

    id. ib. 5, 16, 2;

    6, 31, 1 al.: equitatu,

    Nep. Eum. 3 fin.:

    adversus aliquem,

    Nep. Milt. 4 fin.:

    pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patria,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 19 et saep.:

    tuto dimicare,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 24, 2; so absol., id. ib. 2, 21, 5; 3, 17 fin. et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    ancipiti proelio dimicatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 3; so,

    proelio,

    id. ib. 1, 41, 3; 3, 72, 3 al.;

    and without proelio,

    id. B. G. 5, 16, 1; id. B. C. 3, 85, 3; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; cf.:

    in mortem dimicabatur,

    Vell. 2, 85, 4 al. —In partic. of gladiatorial combats, Suet. Caes. 26; 39; id. Calig. 27; 30; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 18 al.—
    b.
    With an abstr. subject:

    leonum feritas inter se non dimicat,

    Plin. H. N. 7 prooem. § 5.
    II.
    Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to struggle, to strive, to contend: omni ratione erit dimicandum, ut, etc., Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 22, 72:

    dimicantes competitores,

    Liv. 6, 41:

    de sua potentia periculo civitatis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3; esp. with the accessory idea of risk, hazard: reos, de capite, de fama, de civitate, de fortunis, de liberis dimicantes (for which, shortly before: qui auderent se et salutem suam in discrimen offerre), Cic. Sest. 1: de honore et gloria (for which, shortly before: de vita, de gloria in discrimen vocantur), id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

    de vita gloriae causa,

    id. Arch. 10, 23; cf.:

    de vita,

    id. ib. 11 fin.; Liv. 24, 26: de omnibus fortunis reip., Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 D.:

    de fama,

    Nep. Timoth. 4, 3:

    de liberis,

    Liv. 3, 44 fin.; and:

    de repulsa,

    i. e. at the risk of one, id. 6, 40; cf. also without de:

    ut in singulas horas capite dimices tuo,

    Liv. 2, 12 (in Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56, the reading is dubious, v. Madv. ad h. l.).—
    b.
    In Tertullian, borrowed from the lang. of gladiators (v. supra, no. I.):

    ad hanc jam lineam dimicabit nostra congressio,

    Tert. Pudic. 6; id. adv. Marc. 1, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dimico

  • 53 incumbo

    incumbo, cŭbŭi, cŭbĭtum, ĕre, v. n. [1. incubo], to lay one ' s self upon, to lean or recline upon a thing (cf. ingruo; class., partic. in the trop. sense).
    I.
    Lit., constr. with in, ad, super, or dat.; also with the simple acc.:

    olivae,

    Verg. E. 8, 16:

    in parietem,

    Dig. 39, 2, 28:

    densis ordinibus nunc alii in alios, nunc in scuta incumbentes sustinebant impetus Romanorum,

    Liv. 35, 5, 7:

    toro,

    Verg. A. 4, 650:

    materiae,

    Curt. 8, 10, 25:

    terrae,

    Tac. A. 2, 17:

    super praedam,

    to lie upon, Petr. 80:

    in eum,

    Curt. 6, 9: ad vos, Ov. M. 9, 385:

    cumulatis in aqua sarcinis insuper incumbebant,

    Liv. 22, 2, 8:

    validis incumbere remis,

    Verg. A. 5, 15; 10, 294; Curt. 9, 9, 4.—Of the heavens:

    cava in se convexitas vergit, et cardini suo, hoc est terrae, undique incumbit,

    Plin. 2, 64, 64, § 160:

    mare,

    to cast itself into the sea, id. 5, 32, 40, § 141: fessi arma sua, Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 9, 229:

    tecto incubuit bubo,

    perched on, Ov. M. 6, 432:

    gladium faciam culcitam, camque incumbam,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 29.—
    B.
    Transf., to lean or incline towards, to overhang; to rush towards:

    silex prona jugo laevum incumbebat ad amnem,

    Verg. A. 8, 236:

    laurus incumbens arae,

    id. ib. 2, 514: in gladium, to fall on one ' s sword, Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    gladio,

    Auct. Her. 1, 11, 18:

    ferro,

    Phaedr. 3, 10, 33:

    in hostem,

    to press upon the enemy, Liv. 30, 34, 2; cf.:

    duo duces circumstare urbem... et unum in locum totam periculi molem, omne onus incubuisse,

    id. 27, 40, 6.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press upon, burden, oppress, weigh upon:

    incubuere (venti) mari,

    Verg. A. 1, 84:

    tempestas a vertice silvis incubuit,

    id. G. 2, 311:

    gravis incumbens scopulis aestas,

    id. ib. 2, 377:

    febrium terris incubuit cohors,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 30:

    (aestus) incubuit populo,

    Lucr. 6, 142. — Absol.:

    saevior armis Luxuria incubuit,

    Just. 6, 292.—
    B.
    To bend one ' s attention to, to apply or devote one ' s self to, to exert one ' s self, or take pains with, pay attention to; constr. with in, ad, or dat.:

    rogandis legibus,

    Flor. 3, 16:

    ceris et stilo,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 9:

    labori,

    Sil. 4, 820:

    toto pectore novae cogitationi,

    Tac. Or. 3:

    et animo et opibus in bellum,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 76:

    ut jam inclinato (judici) reliqua incumbat oratio,

    press upon, exert influence on, Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 324; cf.:

    invidia mihi incumbit,

    Tac. A. 14, 54:

    in aliquod studium,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:

    in causam,

    id. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

    acrius graviusque ad ulciscendas rei publicae injurias,

    id. ib. 6, 1, 2:

    tota mente in aliquam curam et cogitationem,

    id. Fam. 10, 3, 3:

    toto pectore ad laudem,

    id. ib. 10, 12, 2:

    omni cogitatione curaque in rem publicam,

    id. ib. 1, 2:

    fato urguenti incumbere,

    to press on, hasten, Verg. A. 2, 653.—With inf.:

    sarcire ruinas,

    Verg. G. 4, 249:

    delatorem pervertere,

    Tac. H. 2, 10.—With ut and subj.:

    Appius Claudius... cum suis tum totius nobilitatis viribus incubuit, ut, etc.,

    Liv. 10, 15, 8.— Absol.:

    nunc, nunc incumbere tempus,

    Ov. M. 10, 657.—
    C.
    To incline, choose, be inclined to, lean towards:

    hoc servi esse officium reor,... non quo incumbat eum (i. e. erum) inpellere,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 8:

    ut eos, qui audiunt, quocumque incubuerit, possit impellere,

    whithersoever he may incline, choose, Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 55:

    eodem incumbunt municipia,

    are inclined the same way, id. Phil. 6, 7, 18:

    ad voluntatem perferendae legis,

    id. Att. 1, 19, 4:

    voluntatum inclinatio ad virum bonum,

    to lean towards, turn to, id. Mur. 26, 53: in causam, Cael. ad Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:

    in cupiditatem,

    Cic. Att. 5, 13, 3:

    in illo,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 6.—
    D.
    To be incumbent upon one as a duty (post-class.):

    accusandi necessitas domino,

    Dig. 48, 2, 5:

    ei probatio,

    ib. 22, 3, 2:

    judici omnium rerum officium,

    ib. 21, 1, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > incumbo

  • 54 infero

    in-fĕro, intŭli, illātum, inferre, v. a., to carry, bring, put, or throw into or to a place (class.); constr. with in and acc., ad, or the dat.
    I.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With in and acc.: in equum, to bring or set upon a horse, Caes. B. G. 6, 29:

    coronam in curiam,

    Liv. 44, 14, 3:

    Scipio lecticula in aciem inlatus,

    id. 24, 42, 5:

    in portum quinqueremes,

    id. 28, 17, 5; cf. id. 26, 21, 6; 10, 2, 13:

    arma in Italiam,

    Nep. Ham. 4, 2:

    bello in provinciam illato,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 2, 1; id. Sest. 27, 58; Liv. 9, 25, 2.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    semina arvis,

    Tac. A. 11, 54:

    fontes urbi,

    id. ib. 11, 13; cf.: pedem aliquo, to go or proceed to a place, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39:

    spolia opima templo,

    id. 4, 20.—
    (γ).
    With ad:

    scalas ad moenia,

    to set against the walls, Liv. 32, 24, 5.—
    (δ).
    Absol.:

    inferri mensam secundam jussi,

    to be served up, Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    gressus,

    Verg. G. 4, 360.—
    B.
    To throw upon, apply to any thing; esp. of fire, to set fire to:

    tectis et templis ignes inferre conati sunt,

    to set fire to, Cic. Cat. 3, 9, 22; cf.:

    aliquid in ignem,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 18.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    To bring to a place for burial, to bury, inter:

    ne quis sepulcra deleat, neve alienum inferat,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 64:

    reliquias ejus majorum tumulis inferri jussit,

    Just. 11, 15.—
    2.
    To furnish, pay (a tribute or tax):

    tributum alicui,

    Col. 1, 1, 11:

    vicesimam,

    Plin. Pan. 39, 6:

    septingenta milia aerario inferenda,

    id. Ep. 2, 11, 20.—
    3.
    To give in, enter (an account):

    sumptum civibus,

    Cic. Fl. 19, 45:

    rationes falsas,

    id. ib. 9, 20:

    rationibus,

    to bring into account, Col. 1, 7, 7:

    aliquid in rationes,

    Dig. 34, 3, 12.—
    4.
    Milit.: signa (arma) in hostem, or hosti, to bear the standards against the enemy, to attack, make an attack upon:

    conversa signa in hostes inferre,

    to wheel about and attack, Caes. B. G. 2, 26; Liv. 6, 29, 2; 9, 27, 12; saep. with dat.:

    trepidantibus inferunt signa Romani,

    id. 3, 18, 8; 8, 30, 7; Curt. 8, 14, 15:

    signa patriae urbi,

    Cic. Fl. 2, 5; Liv. 28, 3, 13; so,

    inferre arma,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 5:

    pedem,

    to advance, attack, Liv. 10, 33, 4; so,

    gradum: gradum acrius intulere Romani,

    id. 35, 1, 9:

    bellum alicui,

    to make war upon, to wage war against, Cic. Pis. 34:

    bellum Italiae,

    id. Att. 9, 1, 3:

    bellum contra patriam,

    id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:

    arma,

    to begin a war, commence hostilities, Liv. 1, 30, 8.—
    5.
    Se, to betake one ' s self to, repair to, go into, enter, esp. with the accessory notion of haste and rapidity.— With dat.: visa vi quadam sua inferunt sese hominibus noscitanda, present, offer themselves, Gell. 19, 1, 15:

    lucus erat, quo se Numa sine arbitris inferebat,

    Liv. 1, 21, 3:

    se foribus,

    Verg. A. 11, 36:

    se flammae,

    Vell. 2, 74.—With a play upon I. b, supra:

    me inferre Veneri vovi jam jentaculum (cf. the context),

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 72.—With in and acc.: se in periculum capitis atque in vitae discrimen, to rush upon, expose one ' s self to, Cic. Balb. 10, 25:

    cum se in mediam contionem intulisset,

    Liv. 5, 43, 8; 4, 33, 7; 7, 17, 5; 24, 16, 1 al. — Absol.:

    viden' ignavum, ut se inferat!

    how he struts! how proudly he walks! Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 54:

    ut magnifice infert sese,

    id. Ps. 4, 1, 7:

    atque etiam se ipse inferebat,

    presented himself, came unbidden, Cic. Caecin. 5; Liv. 2, 30, 13; 22, 5, 5; Tac. H. 4, 66; id. Agr. 37; Curt. 4, 12, 14 al.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to bring forward, introduce; to produce, make, excite, occasion, cause, inflict:

    in re severa delicatum aliquem inferre sermonem,

    Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144:

    mentionem,

    to make mention, to mention, Liv. 4, 1, 2:

    spem alicui,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25:

    quam maximum terrorem hostibus,

    id. ib. 7, 8:

    alicui injuriam,

    id. ib. 54; Val. Max. 8, 1, 6; cf.:

    injuriis in socios nostros inferendis,

    Cic. Sest. 27, 58:

    calamitatem,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 12:

    turpitudines,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 9:

    crimen proditionis alicui,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106:

    periculum civibus,

    id. Sest. 1, 2:

    probrum castis, labem integris, infamiam bonis,

    id. Cael. 18, 42:

    moram et impedimentum alicui rei,

    id. Inv. 1, 9, 12:

    mortem alicui per scelus,

    id. Mil. 7, 17:

    pestilentiam agris,

    Liv. 5, 14, 3: vim vitae suae, to lay violent hands upon one ' s self, Vell. 2, 45:

    vim et manus alicui,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 21:

    vim alicui,

    Tac. A. 15, 5; Suet. Claud. 16; 37:

    vulnera hostibus,

    to give wounds to, to wound, Caes. B. C. 2, 6:

    delectari criminibus inferendis,

    Cic. Lael. 18, 65:

    litem capitis in aliquem,

    id. Clu. 41, 116:

    alicui crimen proditionis,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106: judicium, to judge (post-class.), Dig. 5, 2, 4:

    prima peregrinos obscena pecunia mores intulit,

    Juv. 6, 299. —
    B.
    In partic., to conclude, infer, draw an inference, Cic. Inv. 1, 47, 87; Quint. 5, 11, 27.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > infero

  • 55 muralis

    mūrālis, e, adj. [murus], of or belonging to a wall, wall-, mural (class.):

    muralis herba,

    the pellitory of the wall, parietary, Plin. 21, 30, 104, § 176:

    pila,

    used in fighting from walls, Caes. B. G. 5, 39:

    tormentum,

    for battering walls, Verg. A. 12, 921:

    fossa,

    under the walls, Sil. 8, 555:

    falces,

    hooks for pulling down walls, Caes. B. G. 3, 14: corona, a mural crown, given as a reward to him who first scaled the enemy's walls, Liv. 23, 18; also,

    corona,

    the crown on the head of Cybele, adorned with walls and towers, Lucr. 2, 606.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > muralis

  • 56 repeto

    rĕ-pĕto, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3, v. a., to fall upon or attack again or anew, to strike again (syn. repercutio).
    I.
    Lit. (in gen. not till after the Aug. per.):

    regem repetitum saepius cuspide ad terram affixit,

    after he had repeatedly attacked him, Liv. 4, 19; cf.:

    mulam calcibus et canem morsu,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 27, 1:

    repetita per ilia ferrum,

    Ov. M. 4, 733; 6, 562.— Absol.:

    bis cavere, bis repetere,

    to attack twice, Quint. 5, 13, 54:

    signum erat omnium, Repete!

    strike again, Suet. Calig. 58:

    ad Nolam armis repetendam,

    Liv. 9, 28:

    repetitus toxico,

    id. Claud. 44. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To prosecute again:

    condicione propositā, ut, si quem quis repetere vellet, par periculum poenae subiret,

    Suet. Aug. 32; id. Dom. 8 and 9; Dig. 48, 2, 3; 48, 16, 10; 15.—
    2.
    To seek again; to go back to, return to, revisit a person or thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fratresque virumque,

    Ov. H. 3, 143:

    Nearchum,

    Hor. C. 3, 20, 6:

    Penates, ab orā Hispanā,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 3:

    viam, quā venisset,

    to retrace, Liv. 35, 28; cf. id. 9, 2, 8:

    castra,

    id. 31, 21; Suet. Tib. 12:

    domum,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 6; Ov. P. 4, 4, 41; id. M. 3, 204:

    patriam,

    id. H. 18, 123; Just. 32, 3, 7:

    Africam,

    Liv. 25. 27:

    locum,

    id. 3, 63:

    retro Apuliam,

    id. 22, 18; cf. id. 31, 45 fin.; 40, 58 fin.:

    rursus Bithyniam,

    Suet. Caes. 2:

    urbem atque ordinem senatorium,

    id. Vit. 1:

    paludes,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 9:

    cavum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    praesepia,

    Verg. E. 7, 39:

    urbem,

    id. A. 2, 749:

    Macedoniam,

    Nep. Eum. 6, 1:

    pugnam (shortly before, redire in pugnam),

    Liv. 37, 43:

    expeditionem,

    Suet. Claud. 1.—
    (β).
    With prep.:

    onerarias retro in Africam repetere,

    Liv. 25, 25 fin. Drak.:

    ad vada,

    Verg. Cul. 104:

    ad prima vestigia,

    Grat. Cyn. 245.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    quid enim repetiimus (sc. patriam)?

    Liv. 5, 51.—Freq. in medic. lang., to return, recur:

    morbi repetunt,

    Cels. 2, 1; 3, 22; 4, 4; 14 al. —
    II.
    Transf. (class.).
    A.
    To fetch, bring, or take back (cf. revoco).
    1.
    Lit.:

    filium istinc repetere,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 72:

    repudiatus repetor,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 14:

    Lysias est Atticus, quamquam Timaeus eum quasi Liciniā et Muciā lege repetit Syracusas,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 63:

    qui maxime me repetistis atque revocastis,

    id. Dom. 57, 144:

    navigo in Ephesum, ut aurum repetam ab Theotimo domum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 7:

    ad haec (impedimenta) repetenda,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 76:

    aliquid ab Urbe,

    Suet. Calig. 39; cf.:

    thoracem Magni Alexandri e conditorio ejus,

    id. ib. 52 fin.:

    partem reliquam copiarum continenti,

    id. Aug. 16:

    alii (elephanti) deinde repetiti ac trajecti sunt,

    others were then brought and passed over, Liv. 21, 28:

    ut alium repetat in eundem rogum,

    Sen. Oedip. 61. —
    2.
    Trop., in partic.
    a.
    To take hold of or undertake again; to enter upon again; to recommence, resume, renew, repeat an action, a speech, etc. (cf.:

    renovo, restauro): praetermissa repetimus, incohata persequimur,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 51:

    longo intervallo haec studia repetentem,

    id. Fat. 2, 4; id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    oratio carens hac virtute (sc. ordine) necesse est multa repetat, multa transeat,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: ad verbum repetita reddantur,

    id. 11, 2, 39 et saep.:

    eadem vetera consilia,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    hoc primus repetas opus, hoc postremus omittas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 48:

    susurri Compositā repetantur horā,

    id. C. 1, 9, 20:

    relicta,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 97:

    verba,

    Ov. H. 20, 9:

    audita,

    id. ib. 20, 193:

    repetitum Mulciber aevum Poscit,

    id. M. 9, 422:

    auspicia de integro,

    Liv. 5, 17:

    pugnam,

    id. 10, 36 acrius bellum, Just. 12, 2, 13:

    iter,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 747:

    sollemnia,

    Tac. A. 3, 6 fin.:

    spectacula ex antiquitate,

    to restore, Suet. Claud. 21; cf.:

    genera ignominiarum ex antiquitate,

    id. Tib. 19:

    legatum,

    Dig. 30, 1, 32:

    usum fructum,

    ib. 7, 4, 3.— With de:

    de mutatione litterarum nihil repetere hic necesse est,

    Quint. 1, 7, 13.— With object-clause:

    repetam necesse est, infinitas esse species,

    Quint. 6, 3, 101; 46: ut repetam coeptum pertexere dictis, Lucr. 1, 418; cf.:

    commemorare res,

    id. 6, 936.— Poet.: rĕpĕtītus, a, um, as an adv., repeatedly, anew, again:

    repetita suis percussit pectora palmis,

    Ov. M. 5, 473; 12, 287:

    robora caedit,

    id. ib. 8, 769:

    vellera mollibat longo tractu,

    by drawing out repeatedly, id. ib. 6, 20; cf.:

    haec decies repetita placebit,

    Hor. A. P. 365. —
    b.
    In discourse, to draw, deduce, derive from anywhere; to go back to, begin from anywhere (cf. deduco):

    populum a stirpe,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21:

    repetere populi originem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    ipsius juris ortum a fonte... stirpem juris a naturā,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 20:

    usque a Corace nescio quo et Tisiā,

    id. de Or. 1, 20, 91; 2, 2, 6:

    ab ultimā antiquitate,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    brevis erit narratio, si non ab ultimo repetetur,

    id. Inv. 1, 20, 28; Quint. 5, 10, 83:

    aliquid a Platonis auctoritate,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

    ingressio non ex oratoriis disputationibus ducta sed e mediā philosophiā repetita,

    id. Or. 3, 11:

    res remotas ex litterarum monumentis,

    id. Inv. 1, 1, 1: initia amicitiae ex parentibus nostris, Bithyn. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 16 init.:

    verba ex ultimis tenebris, ex vetustate,

    Quint. 8, 3, 25; 11, 1, 49; 1, 4, 4:

    alte vero et, ut oportet, a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    tam longa et tam alte repetita oratio,

    id. de Or. 3, 24, 91; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    repetam paulo altius, etc.,

    id. Clu. 24, 66:

    altius omnem Expediam primā repetens ab origine famam,

    Verg. G. 4, 286; so,

    altius,

    Quint. 5, 7, 27; 6, 2, 2; 11, 1, 62; Suet. Ner. 2:

    transilire ante pedes posita et alia longe repetita sumere,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 160; so,

    longe,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 2; id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    longius,

    id. Inv. 1, 49, 91; Quint. 5, 7, 17; 5, 11, 23:

    repetitis atque enumeratis diebus,

    reckoned backwards, Caes. B. C. 3, 105; so,

    repetitis diebus ex die vulneris,

    Dig. 9, 2, 51, § 2:

    repetitā die,

    ib. 10, 4, 9, § 6; 39, 2, 15, § 31; 43, 19, 1, § 10; 22, 4, 3.—
    c.
    Repetere aliquid memoriā, memoriam rei, or (rarely without memoriā) aliquid, to call up again in the mind; to call to mind, recall, recollect (cf.:

    revoco, recordor): cogitanti mihi saepenumero et memoriā vetera repetenti,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Fam. 11, 27, 2; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13; Verg. A. 1, 372:

    repete memoriā tecum, quando, etc.,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 3; cf. with object-clause: memoriā repeto, diem esse hodiernum, quo, etc., Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; Quint. 1, 6, 10:

    repete temporis illius memoriam,

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 20; id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    memoriam ex annalibus,

    Liv. 8, 18:

    veteris cujusdam memoriae recordationem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 4.—Without memoriā:

    reminisci quom ea, quae tenuit mens ac memoria, cogitando repetuntur,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 44 Müll.:

    si omnium mearum praecepta litterarum repetes, intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

    supra repetere et paucis instituta majorum disserere,

    Sall. C. 5, 9:

    unde tuos primum repetam, mea Cynthia, fastus,

    Prop. 1, 18, 5:

    cum repeto noctem, quā, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 3:

    te animo repetentem exempla tuorum,

    Verg. A. 12, 439.— With object-clause:

    repeto, me correptum ab eo, cur ambularem,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 16; 7, 6, 7; 13; Suet. Gram. 4:

    multum ante repetito, concordem sibi conjugem, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 33.— Absol.:

    inde usque repetens, hoc video,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

    genitor mihi talia (namque Nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit,

    Verg. A. 7, 123; 3, 184.—
    B.
    To ask, demand, or take again or back; to demand or claim what is due (syn. reposco).
    1.
    In gen.
    a.
    Lit.:

    si quis mutuom quid dederit, fit pro proprio perditum, quom repetas,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 45; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 7:

    suom,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 63:

    neque repeto pro illā quidquam abs te pretii,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 11:

    bona sua,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:

    abs te sestertium miliens ex lege,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19:

    ereptas pecunias,

    id. ib. 5, 18; cf.:

    quae erepta sunt,

    id. Sull. 32, 89:

    mea promissa,

    id. Planc. 42, 101:

    obsides,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    urbes bello superatas in antiquum jus,

    Liv. 35, 16, 6:

    Homerum Colophonii civem esse dicunt suum, Chii suum vindicant, Salaminii repetunt,

    Cic. Arch. 8, 19:

    Cicero Gallum a Verticone repetit, qui litteras ad Caesarem referat,

    applied again for, Caes. B. G. 5, 49:

    si forte suas repetitum venerit plumas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 18:

    nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem,

    Verg. G. 1, 39:

    Politorium rursus bello,

    to retake, Liv. 1, 33, 3.—
    b.
    Trop.: qui repetit eam, quam ego patri suo quondam spoponderim, dignitatem, Cic. Fl. 42, 106; cf.:

    pro eo (beneficio) gratiam repetere,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    civitatem in libertatem,

    id. 34, 22, 11:

    parentum poenas a consceleratissimis filiis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:

    ab isto eas poenas vi repetisse, aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

    ut ne mors quidem sit in repetendā libertate fugiendā,

    in the effort to recover, id. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    libertatem per occasionem,

    Liv. 3, 49; cf.:

    dies ille libertatis improspere repetitae,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    beneficia ab aliquo,

    Sall. J. 96, 2:

    honores quasi debitos ab aliquo,

    id. ib. 85, 37:

    repete a me rempublicam,

    take back from me, Suet. Caes. 78: repetitumque, duobus uti mandaretur consulum nomen imperiumque, it was demanded again, that, etc., Liv. 3, 33: se repetere, to recover one ' s self, Sen. Ep. 104, 6.—
    2.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t.
    a.
    Of the fetiales: repetere res, to demand back from the enemy things which they had taken as booty; hence, in gen., to demand satisfaction:

    (fetiales) mittebantur antequam conciperetur (bellum), qui res repeterent,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll.; Liv. 1, 32; 4, 30; 7, 6; 32; Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36:

    jure gentium res repeto,

    Sall. H. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch:

    amissa bello repetere,

    Just. 6, 6, 7; cf. clarigatio and clarigo. —
    b.
    In jurid. lang.: res repetere, to demand back or reclaim one ' s property before a court:

    in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 3.— Hence, transf., in gen., to seek to obtain, to reclaim: non ex jure manum consertum, sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 277 Vahl.).—
    c.
    Pecuniae repetundae, or simply repetundae, money or other things extorted by a provincial governor, and that are to be restored (at a later period, referring to any bribed officer):

    L. Piso legem de pecuniis repetundis primus tulit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195; 2, 4, 25, § 56; id. Brut. 27, 106; id. Off. 2, 21, 75:

    quorum causā judicium de pecuniis repetundis est constitutum,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    clames te lege pecuniarum repetundarum non teneri,

    id. Clu. 53, 148:

    pecuniarum repetundarum reus,

    Sall. C. 18, 3:

    oppugnatus in judicio pecuniarum repetundarum,

    id. ib. 49, 2:

    quā lege a senatore ratio repeti solet de pecuniis repetundis,

    Cic. Clu. 37, 104:

    accusare de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Rab. Post. 4, 9; id. Clu. 41, 114:

    cum de pecuniis repetundis nomen cujuspiam deferatur,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10:

    de pecuniis repetundis ad recuperatores itum est,

    Tac. A. 1, 74 fin. —With ellipsis of pecuniis:

    repetundarum causae, crimen, lex,

    Quint. 4, 2, 85; 5, 7, 5; 4, 2, 15; Tac. A. 4, 19; 13, 43; 12, 22; 13, 33; id. H. 1, 77; 4, 45; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 3:

    repetundarum reus,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, 7:

    repetundarum argui,

    Tac. A. 3, 33:

    accusare,

    Suet. Dom. 8:

    postulari,

    Tac. A. 3, 66; Suet. Caes. 4:

    absolvi,

    Tac. A. 13, 30:

    convinci,

    Suet. Caes. 43:

    damnari,

    Tac. A. 3, 70; 14, 28:

    teneri,

    id. ib. 11, 7: Pilius de repetundis eum postulavit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2 (for which, §

    3, de pecuniis repetundis): neque absolutus neque damnatus Servilius de repetundis,

    id. ib. §

    3: damnatum repetundis consularem virum,

    Suet. Oth. 2 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > repeto

  • 57 veles

    vēlĕs, ĭtis, m. [volare, velox, flying troops], a kind of light-armed soldier, who attacked the enemy out of the line of battle, a skirmisher.
    I.
    Lit., usually in the plur.: velites, Liv 26, 4, 4 sq.; 21, 55, 11; 23, 29, 3; 38, 21, 13; 30, 33, 3; Varr ap. Non. 552, 30; Ov Ib. 48 (Merkel, militis); Val. Max. 2, 3, 3.— Sing., Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v sub vitem, p. 308; Titin. ap. Non. 552, 26.—
    * II.
    Transf.:

    me autem a te, ut scurram velitem, malis oneratum esse, non moleste tuli,

    as the clown of the troop, Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > veles

  • 58 con-vertō (-vortō）

       con-vertō (-vortō） tī, sus, ere.—     Trans, to turn round, cause to turn, turn back, reverse, direct: in infimo orbe luna convertitur: vox Herculem convertit, L.: ter se, O.: vias, V.: caeli conversa per auras, wheeled, V.: conversae acies nituntur, face to face, V.: conversis in eam partem navibus, Cs.: haec (sica) conversa est in me: conversā cuspide montem Impulit, pointed the spear and struck, V.: se in Phrygiam, N.: ad hunc se, Cs.: colla ad freta, O.: legiones ab itinere ad suam potentiam, withdraw... to reinforce, Cs.: tigna contra vim fluminis, Cs.: aspectum quo vellent.—Of an army, to wheel, turn, change the direction of: conversa signa in hostes inferre, change front and charge, Cs.: signa ad hostem converti, to face the enemy, Cs.: sese, to retreat, Cs.: conversis signis redire, L.: itinere converso, by a flank movement, Cs.: acies in fugam conversa, routed, Cs.: convorso equo, S.— Intrans, to return, turn away: ad pedites, S.: in regnum suum, S.: ad uxorem Silviam, Ta. — Fig., trans, to turn, direct, throw back: risum in iudicem: haec ad suos quaestūs: animum ad curam, L.: se ad timorem: subitam convertor in iram, O.: animos: aculeum testimoni sui: omen in ipsum, V.: se ad eos, to their support, N.: omnium ora in me convorsa esse, S.— To attract, fix, rivet, draw: volgi ora, H.: animos, L.—To change, alter, transform, turn, convert, pervert: se ex homine in beluam: tellus Induit conversa figuras, O.: rem p., to bring into disorder: animum avaritiā, S.: civitatis lingua convorsa conubio Numidarum, S.: castra castris, to change continually, Cs.: conversa numina, alienated, V.: casūs conversi, which undergo a change of form: ad salutem convorti hoc malum, T.: ludi ad funus civitatis conversi: id ad salutem, N.: Deum in hominem, T.: in classem nymphas, V.: praemia in pestem, S.: amicitiae se in graves inimicitias. —To translate: aliqua de Graecis: librum in Latinum.— Intrans, to change, turn, be changed, go over, C.: imperium in superbiam, S.: ad aliquem, to the support of: ad sapientiora, Ta.

    Latin-English dictionary > con-vertō (-vortō）

  • 59 cervos

    cervus (old orthogr. cervŏs; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 26), i, m. [kindr. with cornu and carina], a stag, a deer, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112 sq.:

    alipedes,

    Lucr. 6, 765:

    fugax,

    Hor. C. 4, 6, 34; Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 11:

    fugientes,

    Hor. C. 3, 12, 11:

    pavidi,

    Ov. F. 5, 173:

    surgentem in cornua,

    Verg. A. 10, 725 al. —As a type of fleetness:

    vincere cervum cursu,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 27.—
    II.
    Transf. (from resemblance to the horns of a stag; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 117 Müll.): cervi, forked stakes. *
    A.
    As supports of the vine, Tert. Anim. 19.— More freq.,
    B.
    In the art of war, as a protection against the enemy, a chevaux-defrise, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 44, 11, 4; Tib. 4, 1, 84; Sil. 10, 414; Serv. ad Verg. E. 2, 29.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cervos

  • 60 cervus

    cervus (old orthogr. cervŏs; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 26), i, m. [kindr. with cornu and carina], a stag, a deer, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112 sq.:

    alipedes,

    Lucr. 6, 765:

    fugax,

    Hor. C. 4, 6, 34; Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 11:

    fugientes,

    Hor. C. 3, 12, 11:

    pavidi,

    Ov. F. 5, 173:

    surgentem in cornua,

    Verg. A. 10, 725 al. —As a type of fleetness:

    vincere cervum cursu,

    Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 27.—
    II.
    Transf. (from resemblance to the horns of a stag; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 117 Müll.): cervi, forked stakes. *
    A.
    As supports of the vine, Tert. Anim. 19.— More freq.,
    B.
    In the art of war, as a protection against the enemy, a chevaux-defrise, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 44, 11, 4; Tib. 4, 1, 84; Sil. 10, 414; Serv. ad Verg. E. 2, 29.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cervus

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