ancestral

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ĭmāgo, ĭnis, f. [cf. imitor], an imitation, copy of a thing, an image, likeness (i. e. a picture, statue, mask, an apparition, ghost, phantom; the latter only poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: simulacrum, effigies, statua, sigillum): imago ab imitatione dicta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 112 Müll.; cf.: imago dicitur quasi imitago, Porphyr. Hor. C. 1, 12, 4.

Lit.

In gen., a representation, likeness (usu. of a person), statue, bust, picture:

Spartiates Agesilaus neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse... unus Xenophontis libellus in eo rege laudando facile omnes imagines omnium statuasque superavit,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7:

Demosthenes, cujus nuper inter imagines tuas ac tuorum imaginem ex aere vidi,

id. Or. 31, 110:

Epicuri in poculis et in anulis,

id. Fin. 5, 1, 3: hominis imaginem gypso e facie ipsa primus omnium expressit ceraque in eam formam gypsi infusa emendare instituit Lysistratus Sicyonius, Plin. 35, 12, 44, § 153:

Africani,

Cic. Rep. 6, 10:

mulieris,

Quint. 7, 7, 5:

Antigoni,

id. 2, 13, 12:

depictam in tabula sipariove imaginem rei,

id. 6, 1, 32:

si in tabula mea aliquis pinxerit velut imaginem,

Gai. Inst. 2, 78:

cereae,

Hor. Epod. 17, 76; id. S. 1, 8, 43:

ut dignus venias hederis et imagine macra,

Juv. 7, 29:

hoc tibi sub nostra breve carmen imagine vivat,

Mart. 9, 1:

epistula atque imago me certum fecit,

i. e. the image on the seal, the signet, Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 35; 4, 2, 29; 4, 7, 105:

nunc amici anne inimici sis imago, Alcesime, mihi, sciam,

i. e. will act like a friend, Plaut. Cas. 3, 1, 1.—

A phantom, ghost, apparition:

infelix simulacrum atque ipsius umbra Creusae Visa mihi ante oculos et nota major imago,

Verg. A. 2, 773; cf.:

et nunc magna mei sub terras ibit imago,

shade, spirit, Verg. A. 4, 654; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 6; cf. id. ib. 1:

non vanae redeat sanguis imagini,

Hor. C. 1, 24, 15:

(somnus) Vanum nocturnis fallit imaginibus,

Tib. 3, 4, 56; cf. Hor. C. 3, 27, 40; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Calig. 50:

te videt in somnis, tua sacra et major imago humana turbat pavidum,

Juv. 13, 221:

quid natum totiens falsis Ludis imaginibus?

phantoms, Verg. A. 1, 408:

ubique pavor et plurima mortis imago,

id. ib. 2, 369; cf.:

repetitaque mortis imago,

Ov. M. 10, 726:

lurida mortis imago,

Petr. 123, v. 257:

varia pereuntium forma et omni imagine mortium,

Tac. H. 3, 28:

caesorum insepultorumque,

id. A. 1, 62:

supremorum (i. e. funeris) imago,

id. H. 4, 45.— Poet.:

genitiva (with forma),

natural shape, figure, Ov. M. 3, 331; so,

rudis et sine imagine tellus (= informis),

shapeless, id. ib. 1, 87.—

In partic., an ancestral image of a distinguished Roman (of one who had been aedile, praetor, or consul; usually made of wax, and placed in the atrium of a Roman house, and carried in funeral processions.—

In plur.: obrepsisti ad honores errore hominum, commendatione fumosarum imaginum, quarum simile habes nihil praeter colorem, of smoky (i. e. old) ancestral images, Cic. Pis. 1, 1; cf. Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 1; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6:

si quid deliquero, nullae sunt imagines, quae me a vobis deprecentur,

no ancestors of distinction, Cic. Agr. 2, 36, 100; cf.:

quia imagines non habeo et quia mihi nova nobilitas est,

Sall. J. 85, 25:

qui imagines familiae suae consecuti sunt,

Cic. Agr. 2, 1, 1:

homo veteris prosapiae ac multarum imaginum,

Sall. J. 85, 10:

majorum imagines,

id. ib. 5, 5; Suet. Vesp. 1:

multis in familia senatoriis imaginibus,

id. Aug. 4:

esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum,

Hor. Epod. 8, 11:

qui stupet in titulis et imaginibus,

id. S. 1, 6, 17; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6 sqq.; Prop. 2, 13, 19; Suet. Vesp. 19.—

In sing. (rare):

jus imaginis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36:

imaginis ornandae causa,

id. Sest. 8, 19:

vir honoratissimae imaginis futurus ad posteros,

Liv. 3, 58, 2:

clarum hac fore imagine Scaptium,

would become an aristocrat, id. 3, 72, 4, v. Weissenb. ad loc.:

Tunc Cotta ne imago Libonis exsequias posterorum comitaretur censuit,

Tac. A. 2, 32.

Transf., a reverberation of sound, an echo (mostly poet.):

(mellaria facere oportet) potissimum ubi non resonent imagines,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

concava pulsu Saxa sonant, vocisque offensa resultat imago,

Verg. G. 4, 50; cf. Sil. 14, 365:

alternae deceptus imagine vocis: Huc coëamus ait... Coëamus retulit Echo,

Ov. M. 3, 385:

cujus recinit jocosa Nomen imago,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 4; so,

jocosa Vaticani montis,

id. ib. 1, 20, 8:

vaga,

Val. Fl. 3, 596.

Trop.

In gen., an image or likeness of a thing formed in the mind, a conception, thought, imagination, idea:

Scipionis memoriam atque imaginem sibi proponere,

Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

magnam partem noctium in imagine tua vigil exigo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 5, 1:

Verginium cogito, Verginium video, Verginium jam vanis imaginibus audio,

id. ib. 2, 1, 12: imagines, quae eidôla nominant, quorum incursione non solum videmus, sed etiam cogitamus, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 21; cf.:

imagines extrinsecus in animos nostros per corpus irrumpere,

id. Ac. 2, 40, 125: plena sunt imaginum omnia, nulla species cogitari potest nisi pulsu imaginum, etc.; id. Div. 2, 67, 137 sq.: unum aliquem te ex barbatis illis, exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis, columen rei publicae diceres intueri, an image of the olden time, id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:

expressam imaginem vitae quotidianae videre,

id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47:

quidnam illi consules dictatoresve facturi essent, qui proconsularem imaginem tam saevam ac trucem fecerint, i. e. by cruelty in office,

Liv. 5, 2, 9:

naturae... urbis et populi,

Cic. Rep. 2, 39 fin.:

justitiae,

Quint. 2, 20, 6:

virtutis,

id. 10, 2, 15:

similitudines ad exprimendas rerum imagines compositae,

id. 8, 3, 72: illae rerum imagines, quas vocari phantasias indicavimus, id. 10, 7, 15:

conscripta formantur imagine templa,

plans, Stat. S. 3, 1, 117:

scipione determinata prius templi imagine in solo,

Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 15:

tua, pater Druse, imago,

memory, Tac. A. 1, 13:

magna illic imago tristium laetorumque,

recollection, id. ib. 2, 53:

si te nulla movet tantae pietatis imago,

Verg. A. 6, 405.—

In partic.

In rhet., a figurative representation, similitude, comparison:

comparabile est, quod in rebus diversis similem aliquam rationem continet. Ejus partes sunt tres: imago, collatio, exemplum. Imago est oratio demonstrans corporum aut naturarum similitudinem, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49; cf.:

imago est formae cum forma cum quadam similitudine collatio,

Auct. Her. 4, 49, 62; Sen. Ep. 59, 92; Quint. 6, 1, 28; Hor. S. 2, 3, 320; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

With the idea predominating of mere imitation, in opp. to what is original or real, a mere form, image, semblance, appearance, shadow:

consectatur nullam eminentem effigiem virtutis, sed adumbratam imaginem gloriae,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 2, 3:

nos veri juris germanaeque justitiae solidam et expressam effigiem nullam tenemus: umbra et imaginibus utimur,

id. Off. 3, 17, 69; cf.:

non in umbra et imagine civitatis, etc.,

id. Rep. 2, 30; and:

umbram equitis Romani et imaginem videtis,

id. Rab. Post. 15, 41:

haec ars tota dicendi, sive artis imago quaedam est et similitudo, habet hanc vim, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 356:

judiciorum,

only the appearance of courts, id. Sest. 13, 30; cf.:

imaginem rei publicae nullam reliquissent,

id. Agr. 2, 32, 88:

his quoque imaginibus juris spretis,

Liv. 41, 8, 10:

imaginem retinendi largiendive penes nos, vim penes Parthos,

Tac. A. 15, 14:

habitu et ore ad exprimendam imaginem honesti exercitus,

the pretence, id. ib. 16, 32; 6, 27; id. H. 1, 84; 3, 70:

qui faciem eloquentiae, non imaginem praestaret,

id. Or. 34:

nec imagine rerum, sed rebus incendit,

Quint. 10, 1, 16:

in falsa rerum imagine detineri,

id. 10, 5, 17; cf.:

nullo quippe alio vincis discrimine, quam quod illi (hermae) marmoreum caput est, tua vivit imago,

Juv. 8, 55.—

A representative: non in effigies mutas divinum (Augusti) spiritum transfusum;

sed imaginem veram, caelesti sanguine ortam, intellegere discrimen, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 52.—

That which suggests or recalls something by resemblance, a reminder:

me consolatur recordatio meorum temporum, quorum imaginem video in rebus tuis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2:

a Corbulone petierat, ne quam imaginem servitii Tiridates perferret,

nothing to suggest slavery, Tac. A. 15, 31; cf.:

moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo possim imaginem antiquae et vernaculae festivitatis adgnoscere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 2.

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ăvītus, a, um, adj. [avus], of or belonging to a grandfather, coming from a grandfather, ancestral.

Lit.:

paternae atque avitae possessiones,

Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 81:

bona paterna et avita,

id. Cael. 14, 34:

res patrita et avita,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

patrita illa et avita philosophia,

id. Tusc. 1, 19, 45: avitus ac patritus mos, Varr. ap. Non. p. 161, 5:

leges avitae et patritae,

id. ib.:

hospitium,

Cic. Fam. 13, 34:

divitiae,

Cat. 68, 121; so,

res,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 79:

quae (pallium, sudarium etc.) palam soles habere tamquam avita,

Cat. 25, 8:

solium,

Verg. A. 7, 169; Ov. M. 6, 650:

fundus,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 43:

cellae,

id. ib. 1, 37, 6:

regnum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 12; Liv. 1, 15:

sanguis, Prep. 3, 19, 37: nomen,

Ov. M. 6, 239:

umbrae,

id. F.1, 43:

nobilitas,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

spes,

Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117 et saep.—

Transf. to animals:

asinus fortitudinem celeritatemque avitam refert,

Col. 6, 37, 4:

color,

id. 6, 37, 4, § 7.—In gen., very old or ancient:

merum,

Ov. A. A. 2, 695.— Comp. and sup. not found; cf. Neue, Formenl. II. p. 230.—

* Adv.: ăvītë, from ancient times, Tert. adv. Val. 39 dub.

Ăvītus, i, m., a Roman cognomen:

A. Cluentius Avitus,

Cic. Clu. 5, 11 sqq.

ăvītus, a, um, adj. [avus], of or belonging to a grandfather, coming from a grandfather, ancestral.

Lit.:

paternae atque avitae possessiones,

Cic. Agr. 2, 30, 81:

bona paterna et avita,

id. Cael. 14, 34:

res patrita et avita,

id. Verr. 1, 5, 13:

patrita illa et avita philosophia,

id. Tusc. 1, 19, 45: avitus ac patritus mos, Varr. ap. Non. p. 161, 5:

leges avitae et patritae,

id. ib.:

hospitium,

Cic. Fam. 13, 34:

divitiae,

Cat. 68, 121; so,

res,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 79:

quae (pallium, sudarium etc.) palam soles habere tamquam avita,

Cat. 25, 8:

solium,

Verg. A. 7, 169; Ov. M. 6, 650:

fundus,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 43:

cellae,

id. ib. 1, 37, 6:

regnum,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 12; Liv. 1, 15:

sanguis, Prep. 3, 19, 37: nomen,

Ov. M. 6, 239:

umbrae,

id. F.1, 43:

nobilitas,

Tac. A. 2, 38:

spes,

Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 117 et saep.—

Transf. to animals:

asinus fortitudinem celeritatemque avitam refert,

Col. 6, 37, 4:

color,

id. 6, 37, 4, § 7.—In gen., very old or ancient:

merum,

Ov. A. A. 2, 695.— Comp. and sup. not found; cf. Neue, Formenl. II. p. 230.—

* Adv.: ăvītë, from ancient times, Tert. adv. Val. 39 dub.

Ăvītus, i, m., a Roman cognomen:

A. Cluentius Avitus,

Cic. Clu. 5, 11 sqq.

laurĕus, a, um, adj. [id.], of laurel, laurel-.

Adj.:

vectes laurei,

Cato, R. R. 31:

folia,

id. ib. 76:

corona,

Liv. 23, 11:

in nitidā laurea serta comā,

Ov. Tr. 2, 172:

oleum,

laurel-oil, Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 137:

ramus,

id. 15, 30, 40, § 136:

ramulus,

Suet. Caes. 81:

pira,

i. e. that smell like laurel, Col. 12, 10:

cerasa,

grafted on laurel, Plin. 15, 25, 30, § 104:

nemus,

Mart. 10, 92, 11.—

Subst.: laurĕa, ae, f.

(Sc. arbor.) The laurel-tree:

laurea in puppi navis longae enata,

Liv. 32, 1:

tum spissa ramis laurea fervidos Excludet ictus,

Hor. C. 2, 15, 9:

factis modo laurea ramis annuit,

Ov. M. 1, 566:

ex Pannonia,

Plin. Pan. 8, 3.—

(Sc. corona.) A laurel crown or garland, laurel branch, as the ornament of Apollo, of poets, of ancestral images, of generals enjoying a triumph, and of letters containing news of a victory:

te precor, o vates, assit tua laurea nobis,

Ov. R. Am. 75:

laureā donandus Apollinari,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 9:

cedant arma togae, concedat laurea linguae, Cic. poët. Off. 1, 22, 77: quam lauream cum tua laudatione conferam,

id. Fam. 15, 6, 1. Sometimes victorious generals, instead of a triumphal procession, contented themselves with carrying a laurel branch to the Capitol:

de Cattis Dacisque duplicem triumphum egit: de Sarmatis lauream modo Capitolino Jovi retulit,

Suet. Dom. 6:

urbem praetextatus et laurea coronatus intravit,

id. Tib. 17; id. Ner. 13; Plin. Pan. 8:

thyrsus enim vobis, gestata est laurea nobis,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 67:

bellorum laureas victori tradens,

Just. 14, 4, 17.—

Trop., a victory, triumph:

primus in toga triumphum linguaeque lauream merite,

Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 117; cf.:

parite laudem et lauream,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 53.

laurus, i ( gen. laurūs, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 132; 14, 16, 19, § 112; Col. 6, 7, 3 codd.; abl. lauru, Hor. C. 2, 7, 19;

but lauro,

id. ib. 3, 30, 16; nom. plur. laurus, Verg. A. 3, 91; acc. plur. laurus, id. E. 6, 83 al.; Tib. 2, 5, 63; gen. plur. lauruum, acc. to Charis. p. 110 P.), f. [cf. Germ. lor- in Lorbeere], a bay-tree, laurel-tree, laurel, sacred to Apollo; cf.:

aliquid cedo Qui vicini hanc nostram augeam aram Apollinis. Da sane hanc virgam lauri,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 1, 11;

it grew in greatest beauty on Parnassus, and hence is called Parnasia laurus,

Verg. G. 2, 18;

its branches were the decoration of poets,

Hor. C. 4, 2, 9;

of the flamens,

Liv. 23, 11; Ov. F. 3, 137. In festivals, the ancestral images were decorated with laurel, Cic. Mur. 41. The leaves, when eaten, were said to impart the power of prophesying, Tib. 2, 5, 63; Juv. 7, 19. Victorious generals, in triumphal processions, wore laurel crowns on their heads and carried laurel branches in their hands, while their lictors bore fasces bound with laurel, Cic. Att. 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 560. Before the gate of the imperial palace stood two laurel-trees, with oaken crowns, in honor of the emperor, as the vanquisher of foes and the people's preserver:

janitrix Caesarum et pontificum,

Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127 sqq.; Tert. Apol. 35. A wet branch of laurel was used in lustrations, to sprinkle the objects to be purified:

cuperent lustrari... si foret umida laurus,

Juv. 2, 158; cf. Dict. Antiq. s. v. lustratio.—

Meton. for laurea, a laurel crown, as the sign of a triumph; hence for triumph, victory:

incurrit haec nostra laurus non solum in oculos, sed, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 2:

Parthica,

Plin. Pan. 14:

Indica,

Stat. S. 4, 1, 4:

Sarmatica,

Mart. 7, 6, 10:

ornari lauro secunda,

Juv. 8, 253.

păternus, a, um, adj. [pater], of or belonging to a father, fatherly, paternal (said of the property, possessions, external relations, etc., of a father; while patrius is used of that which belongs essentially to his nature, dignity, or duty; hence, in good prose: patrius amor, animus, patria potestas, patrium jus; but paterni agri, liberi, servi, liberti, etc.).

Lit.:

injuria,

against the father, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 39:

haud paternum istuc dedisti,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 4:

horti,

Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34:

libertus,

id. Fl. 36, 89:

bona paterna et avita,

id. Cael. 14, 34:

hospitium,

Caes. B. C. 2, 25:

regna,

Verg. A. 3, 121:

res,

Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 26:

animus,

id. C. 2, 2, 6:

paterni animi indoles (a weaker expression than patrii, v. Weissenb. ad loc., and cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 833),

Liv. 9, 4, 9:

irae,

id. 2, 61:

vel paternam vel avitam gloriam consequi,

Cic. Brut. 33, 126:

civitatem paterno consilio florentissimam accipere,

id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:

paternum maternumque genus et nomen,

id. Phil. 10, 6, 14. —

Also (acc. to pater, II. B.), ancestral, of or belonging to forefathers (late Lat.):

sepulchra paterna,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 12, 39:

mos,

id. Act. 28, 17:

traditio,

id. 1 Pet. 1, 18.—

Transf.

Of one's native country:

paterni Fluminis ripae,

Hor. C. 1, 20, 5:

terra,

Ov. H. 13, 100.—

Of animals, Col. 6, 37, 2:

color,

id. 7, 2, 5.—

In gram.:

casus paternus,

the genitive case, Prisc. p. 670 P.

stemma, ătis, n., = stemma.

In gen., a garland, wreath (post-class.), Prud. steph. 10, 908; Firm. Math. 3, 8.—

In partic., a garland hung upon an ancestral image (post-Aug.), Sen. Ben. 3, 28, 1; Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 6.—

Transf., a pedigree, genealogical table, genealogical tree, Sen. Ep. 44, 1; Suet. Ner. 37; id. Galb. 2; Stat. S. 3, 3, 43; Pers. 3, 28; Juv. 8, 1; Mart. 5, 35, 4.—

Trop., nobility, high value:

argenti fumosa sui stemmata narrare,

Mart. 8, 6, 3:

referre prisci jejunii,

the great antiquity, Prud. Cath. 7, 81.

virga, ae, f. [root varg; v. virgo], a slender green branch, a twig, sprout, switch, rod.

Lit.

In gen., Cato, R. R. 101; Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 4; Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 136; 24, 19, 112, § 172; Verg. G. 1, 266; Ov. M. 3, 29; 11, 109.—

In partic.

A graft, scion, set, Ov. M. 14, 630.—

A limetwig, Ov. M. 15, 474.—

A rod, switch for flogging, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 117; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 10; id. Cas. 5, 4, 24;

for governing horses, etc.: virga quā ad regendum equum usus est,

Front. 4, 5, 16; Val. Max. 3, 2, 12:

nobilis equus umbrā quoque virgae regitur,

Curt. 7, 4, 18; Mart. 9, 22, 14; cf. Luc. 4, 683; Juv. 3, 317.—Of the small rods in the fasces of the lictors, with which criminals were scourged, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62, § 161; Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 136.—Hence, poet., for fasces, as a designation of one of the higher magistrates, Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 32; Stat. S. 1, 2, 47; Mart. 8, 66, 4.—

A wand, a staff, as a support, Liv. 45, 12; Ov. F. 2, 706.—

A magic wand, Verg. A. 7, 190; Ov. M. 14, 278; 14, 295; 14, 300.—

Transf.

A stalk of the flax-plant, Plin. 19, 1, 3, § 17.—

A streak, stripe in the heavens, a water-gall, Sen. Q. N. 1, 9 and 10.—

A colored stripe in a garment:

purpureae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 269. —

A twig or branch of the ancestral tree, Juv. 8, 7.—

Genitalium, = membrum virile, Cassiod. Anim, 9.