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81 frijole
( frijol [frixól] < Latin faseolum 'bean' via Galician-Portuguese freixó, and possibly influenced by Mozarabic)DARE: 1831. A kidney or pinto bean, or any similar bean. It may refer to a dried bean or (generally in the plural) to beans prepared with lard and refried until they form a paste. The DRAE indicates that frijol is an Americanism and that the standard spelling is fréjol. Santamaría notes that frijol is the only variant used in the Americas, except in Colombia, where frísol may be heard. Santamaría also indicates that frijol is a general term to describe many varieties of beans. In Mexico, the plural form frijoles refers to a meal made from beans. Cobos concurs. Cecilia Tocaimaza (personal communication) indicates that the singular form refers to dried beans whereas the plural form has reference to the cooked, prepared beans.Alternate forms: freeholies (plural), free-holy, frejol, fricole, frijol, frijole bean.Also called Mexican strawberry. Beans were a common staple in the diet of many a ranch hand and cowboy. -
82 gama grass
Texas: 1894. According to Watts, a tall grass of the genus Tripsacum used for grazing cattle.The DARE notes that it usually refers to T. dacty-loides. The origin of this term is uncertain; it may derive from grama grass. Not referenced in Spanish sources.Alternate form: gamma grass, gemma grass.Also called sesame grass. -
83 grama grass
Alternate forms: gramma, gramma grass, grammar grass, gramme grass.Also called buffalo grass, mesquite grass.2) Arizona: 1872. A muhly grass, especially Muhlenbergia porteri.See also black grama. The DRAE glosses grama as a general term for grass; however, in southwestern English it has developed specific meanings. -
84 lobo
(Sp. model spelled same [lepo] 'wolf' < Latin lupum)1) A wolf in general.Alternate forms: loafer, loafer wolf, lobo wolf, lobos wolf, loper, lover wolf.2) DARE: 1852. The combination lobo wolf generally refers to the gray or timber wolf ( Canis lupus). Also loafer wolf.3) Texas: 1967. A coyote (C latrans).4) West: 1907. An outcast or loner.Also called lobo wolf. Spanish sources gloss lobo as a general term for a wolf. Santamaría gives C. mexicanus, C. occidentalis, and C. lupus as the three most common species by this name. -
85 norte
A weather phenomenon affecting the Gulf of Mexico and nearby regions of Mexico and Texas. It consists of strong cold winds that blow from the north. Santamaría describes it as a wind that blows from the north, generally from October to December, but sometimes also in January or February, in tropical zones of Mexico.Islas glosses it as a hurricanelike wind that blows from the north, and Cobos translates it simply as a "north wind."Also called a norther. -
86 pinto
(Sp. model spelled same [pinto] < pintar 'to paint' < Vulgar Latin * pinctare < * pinctum, perfective participle of the Latin pingere 'to paint; draw')1) Hendrickson: 1860. A spotted horse.Also called paint.2) Clark: 1910s. A spotted variety of kidney bean. The DRAE glosses pinto as an adjective that describes animals and things of diverse colors. Santamaría indicates that it generally refers to things that are black and white. He also references it as a certain kind of bean with yellow, red, and black spots. Such beans are common in northern Mexico. -
87 reata
(Sp. model spelled same [reáta] < reatar 'to retie' < atar 'to tie' < Latin aptare 'to adapt; to subject')Bentley: 1838. A rope, made of braided rawhide or leather, according to Blevins (who cites Mora). Watts notes it occasionally referred to a grass rope. Some sources list it as a synonym for lariat, but Clark indicates that the reata is much shorter than the lariat and is used for many purposes, but not for catching cattle. However, neither Watts nor Blevins agrees with Clark. They observe that reatas are made from four to eight strands of leather or rawhide (four being the most suitable for everyday work) and generally measure forty to sixty feet in length, with a diameter three-eighths inch being the most common. These are and were used for roping cattle and other chores. Referenced in the DRAE as a cord, strap, or rope used for tying, or a rope used especially for tying horses or mules in single file. Santamaría glosses it as a rope in general, but especially a rope of twisted fiber, used by charros in their profession.Alternate forms: riata, rieta, rietta.Also called a string. -
88 tequila
(Sp. model spelled same [tekíla], name of a city in the Mexican state of Jalisco where the drink is produced < Nahuatl tequillan 'place where tributes are paid' or 'place of the workers' < téquitl 'tribute' or tequíotl 'work' and tlan, indicating abundance)A potent alcoholic drink made from the maguey plant. Santamaría describes it as the popular mezcal liquor whose production constitutes an important industry in the states of Jalisco and Guanajuato, Mexico. Its name comes from a city in the state of Jalisco, probably because the drink originated there. It is extracted from any of a number of agaves, but especially the Agave tequilana, which is also called the mezcal de Tequila, the mezcal azul, or the zapalote. The DRAE also references the drink as similar to gin. -
89 tonto
(Sp. model spelled same [tónto], probably of expressive creation)Carlisle: 1846-47.1) This Spanish word meaning 'fool' was applied by the Spanish to a number of Indian tribes, such as the Tonto Apaches. Sobarzo references tonto as a member of the Vinni-ettinen-ne Apache tribe, also called a coyotero.2) Hendrickson notes that the term also referred to Indians who were disparaged by their fellow tribe members because they no longer followed the traditions of their people. It was in this sense that the term was applied to the Lone Ranger's sidekick. -
90 vent
California: 1888.1) As a verb, to vent a brand meant to invalidate one brand and apply a new one to an animal's hide. A vented animal was one that had been legally sold.2) As a noun, a vent was a special brand that showed an animal had been legally sold.Also called counter-brand, cross-brand, sale-brand, vent-brand, venta.In Spanish, a venta is a business transaction or legal sale. Sobarzo, however, indicates that in the state of Sonora, Mexico, it also refers to a brand placed on the left shoulder of an animal as an indication that the animal had been sold. Cobos references venta as a branding iron or a quitclaim brand (a brand that canceled out the brand of a previous owner at the time of a sale). -
91 wrangler
( caballerango [kaßajeráŋgo] < caballo 'horse' < Latin caballum 'pack horse, nag' plus - ero, an agentive suffix, plus - ango, a despec-tive suffix)OED: 1888. The hand on a ranch or trail drive who cares for the herd of horses. This position was usually held by a young or inexperienced cowboy. This term appears in English as early as the sixteenth century, but with the very different meaning of 'disputant,' such as for the throne. The OED suggests that the term used in the West is a combination of the English term wrangler and the Spanish caballerango. It is also quite likely that the western term evolved without the influence of the original English term, which cowboys were probably not familiar with. Rather, it is possible that early cowboys heard caballerango and recognized the caballo element. Early variants, caballo rango or even horse rango, would have eventually been shortened to wrango and then wrangler. It is likely that the eventual spelling was influenced by the existing English word. The Royal Academy glosses caballerango as a Mexicanism for a servant on horseback. Santamaría gives a definition more similar to the western meaning. He defines it as the servant who, on a ranch or personal estate, keeps and saddles the horses.Alternate forms: caverango, horse-wrangler, wangler, wrangatang, wrango.Also called horse pestler, horse rustler, remudero.The hand that cares for the remuda, or herd of horses, by day.The wrangler who works the early morning shift.A cowboy who cares for horses, leads rides for guests, and perform other chores on a dude ranch.A boy employed for chores on a ranch.According to Adams, a common term for a lawyer. -
92 zopilote
(Sp. model spelled same [sopilóte] < Náhuatl tzopílotl 'hanging trash' < tzotl 'filth' andpílotl 'hanging' < piloa 'to hang something')Carlisle: 1927. A buzzard native to the Southwest ( Cathartes aura), also known as a turkey vulture. It is commonly depicted in western literature and films. Santamaría references it as a Mexicanism for the black vulture ( Cathartes atratus), which has a bald head and a curved beak. The bird is known by a number of other names throughout the American continents, including gallinazo and zamuro.Also called (in Mexico): zope, chombo, shope, nopo.Alternate form: sopilote. -
93 poblado1
1 = settlement, kraal.Nota: Palabra usada en Sudáfrica.Ex. This document contains information on such concepts as settlement, urban growth, field patterns, forest clearance and many others.Ex. Folds for animals and enclosures made specially for defensive purposes are also called kraals. -
94 ostro
m.1 oyster; large oysters are denominated in the masculine gender; they are also called Ostrones.2 south wind.3 purple anciently obtained from a mollusk: Tyrian purple. -
95 arroyo
(Sp. model spelled same [arójo] < Latin arrugia 'mining trench or riverbed')Northwestern Texas: 1806. A deep-cut channel made by a creek or rivulet. It may be filled with water or be dry. Dry arroyos are referred to as arroyos secos in Arizona. According to Hendrickson, the term may refer to a "brook, creek, channel, gully, dry wash, stream bed, or valley." Bentley notes that the terms cañon and arroyo may substitute for each other, in a non- technical sense. Spanish sources concur with all the meanings listed except 'valley' and 'canyon,' which are clearly extensions of the original meanings. This term, along with others such as canyon and mesa, is used frequently in literature and films depicting the cowboy in the Southwest.Alternate forms: aroya, arroya, royo.Also called a wash, often pronounced with an intrusive /r/. -
96 chicote
(Sp. model spelled same [t∫ikóte], of disputed origin; either from French chicot 'piece of a trunk or cut root emerging from the ground,' 'splinter embedded in a horse's hoof,' or 'root of a tooth' [DRAE, Corominas]; or from Nahuatl xicotli 'wasp with a loud buzz and a painful sting' [Cabrera])Also called latigo, azote. -
97 chinks
(Spanish source uncertain; the original etymon may have been chincaderos [tfi^kaSéros] or chigaderos [tfigaSéros])DARE: 1936. A short variety of chaps that extended only to the knees. Not glossed in Spanish sources.Alternate forms: chigaderos, chinkaderos.Also called armitas. -
98 cane cholla
DARE: 1909. The prickly pear cactus.Also called cane cactus, walking stick cholla. -
99 Colorado mockingbird
DARE: 1968. A jocular term for a burro.Also called Arizona nightingale, Rocky Mountain canary, according to the DARE. -
100 Colorado (River) hemp
DARE: 1900. According to the DARE, "a tall annual legume ( Sesbania exaltata) of the Southwestern and Gulf States which produces long tough fibers formerly used like hemp by the Indians."Also called bequilla, coffee bean, coffeeweed, indigo, siene bean, zacate.
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