-
21 वि
ví
pl. nom. acc. váyas <acc. vīn Bhaṭṭ. >;
víbhis, víbhyas, vīnā́m) a bird ( alsoᅠ applied to horses, arrows, andᅠ the Maruts) RV. VS. PañcavBr, ( alsoᅠ occurring in later language)
cf. 1. váyas;
+ Gk. οἰωνός for ὀγγιωνος;
Lat. a-vis;
accord. toᅠ some Germ. Ei;
Angl. Sax. aég;
Eng. egg
vi2) n. an artificial word said to be = anna ṠBr. ;
3) ind. (prob. for an original dvi, meaning « in two parts» ;
andᅠ opp. to sam q.v.) apart, asunder, in different directions, to andᅠ fro, about, away, away from, off, without RV. etc. etc. In RV. it appears alsoᅠ as a prep. with acc. denoting « through» orᅠ « between»
(with ellipse of the verb e.g.. I, 181, 5; X, 86, 20 etc..)
It is esp. used as a prefix to verbs orᅠ nouns andᅠ other parts of speech derived from verbs, to express « division», « distinction», « distribution», « arrangement», « order», « opposition», orᅠ « deliberation» (cf. vi-bhid, - ṡish, - dhā, - rudh, - car, with their nominal derivatives);
sometimes it gives a meaning opposite to the idea contained in the simple root (e.g.. krī, « to buy» ;
vi-krī, « to sell»), orᅠ it intensifies that idea (e.g.. hiṉs, « to injure» ;
vi-hiṉs, « to injure severely»)
The above 3. ví may alsoᅠ be used in forming compounds not immediately referable to verbs, in which cases it may express
« difference» (cf. 1. vi-lakshaṇa),
« change» orᅠ « variety» (cf. vi-citra),
« intensity» (cf. vi-karāla),
« manifoldness» (cf. vi-vidha),
« contrariety» (cf. vi-loma),
« deviation from right» (cf. vi-ṡīla),
« negation» orᅠ « privatlon» (cf. vi-kaccha,
being often used like 3. a, nir, andᅠ nis <qq.vv.>, andᅠ like the Lat. dis, se, andᅠ the English a, dis, in, un etc.);
in some cases it does not seem to modify the meaning of the simple word at all (cf. vi-jāmi, vi-jāmātṛi);
it is alsoᅠ used to form proper names out of other proper names (e.g.. vi-koka, vi-pṛithu, vi-viṉṡa). To save space such words are here mostly collected under one article;
but words having several subordinate compounds will be found s.v.
- विगत
- विच्छाय
- विपत्मन्
- विव
- विकंसा
- विककर
- विकङ्कट
- विकङ्कत
- विकच
- विकच्छ
- विकच्छप
- विकट
- विकण्टक
- विकद्रु
- विकपाल
- विकर
- विकरण
- विकराल
- विकरालिन्
- विकर्ण
- विकर्मन्
- विकल
- विकलङ्क
- विकल्प
- विकल्मष
- विकवच
- विकश्यप
- विकाकुद्
- विकाङ्क्ष
- विकाङ्क्षिन्
- विकाम
- विकार
- विकारण
- विकाल
- विकाश
- विकिष्कु
- विकुक्षि
- विकुज
- विकुञ्ज
- विकुण्ठ
- विकुण्डल
- विकुम्भाण्ड
- विकूट
- विकूबर
- विकेतु
- विकेश
- विकोक
- विकोश
- विकौतुक
- विक्रम
- विक्रोध
- विक्लव
- विक्षणम्
- विक्षीर
- विक्षुद्र
- विक्षुभा
- विखुर
- विखेद
- विगण्डीर
- विगद
- विगन्ध
- विगर
- विगर्भा
- विगाथा
- विगीति
- विगुण
- विग्रह
- विग्रीव
- विघटिका
- विघन
- विचक्र
- विचक्षुस्
- विचतुर
- विचन्द्र
- विचरण
- विचर्मन्
- विचर्षण
- विचर्षणि
- विचारु
- विचित्त
- विचित्ति
- विचित्र
- विचूलिन्
- विचेतन
- विचेतस्
- विचेती
- विचेष्ट
- विच्छन्द
- विच्छन्दक
- विच्छन्दस्
- विच्छर्दक
- विच्छायय
- विजङ्घ
- विजट
- विजन
- विजन्मन्
- विजपिल
- विजयिन
- विजर
- विजर्जर
- विजल
- विजवल
- विजाति
- विजानि
- विजानु
- विजामन्
- विजामातृ
- विजामि
- विजिघत्स
- विजिपिल
- विजिल
- विजिविल
- विजिह्म
- विजिह्व
- विजीवित
- विजेन्य
- विजोषस्
- विज्य
- विज्वर
- विझर्झर
- वितत्करण
- वितद्भाषण
- वितनु
- वितन्तु
- वितन्त्री
- वितमस्
- वितमस्क
- वितल
- वितान
- वितामस
- वितार
- विताल
- वितिमिर
- वितिलक
- वितुङ्गभाग
- वितुष
- वितुष्ट
- वितृण
- वितृतीय
- वितृष
- वितृष्ण
- वितोय
- वित्रप
- विदक्षिण
- विदग्ध
- विदण्ड
- विदन्त
- विदर
- विदर्व्य
- विदश
- विदार्व
- विदार्व्य
- विदिश्
- विदिशा
- विदीधिति
- विदुष्कृत
- विदेघ
- विद्रुम
- विधन
- विधनुष्क
- विधनुस्
- विधन्वन्
- विधर्म
- विधर्मन्
- विधर्मिक
- विधर्मिन्
- विधूप
- विधूम
- विधूम्र
- विधूसर
- विनग्न
- विनदी
- विनम्र
- विनम्रक
- विनस
- विनाड
- विनाडिका
- विनाडी
- विनाथ
- विनाराशंस
- विनाल
- विनास
- विनासक
- विनासिक
- विनिःकम्प
- विनिकेत
- विनिगड
- विनिद्र
- विनिमित्त
- विनिरोध
- विनिर्बानु
- विनिर्भय
- विनिर्मल
- विनिर्मूढ
- विनिश्चल
- विनिष्कम्प
- विनिष्क्रिय
- विनील
- विनीलक
- विनीवरण
- विनीवि
- विनेमिदशन
- विपक्त्रिम
- विपक्व
- विपक्षपात
- विपक्षस्
- विपञ्चिका
- विपञ्ची
- विपताक
- विपत्न
- विपद्म
- विपन्नग
- विपयस्
- विपराक्रम
- विपरिवत्सर
- विपरुस्
- विपर्ण
- विपर्णक
- विपर्यक्
- विपर्याण
- विपर्व
- विपर्वन्
- विपलाश
- विपवन
- विपशु
- विपांसुल
- विपाटल
- विपाण्डव
- विपाण्डु
- विपादिका
- विपाप
- विपाप्मन्
- विपार्श्व
- विपाल
- विपाश्
- विपीडम्
- विपुंसक
- विपुंसी
- विपुट
- विपुत्र
- विपुर
- विपुरीष
- विपुरुष
- विपुलिनाम्बुरुह
- विपुष्ट
- विपुष्टि
- विपुष्प
- विपृथु
- विपृष्ठीभू
- विप्रकाश
- विप्रतिकूल
- विप्रतिप्रत्यनीक
- विप्रतीप
- विप्रत्यनीक
- विप्रत्यनीयक
- विप्रत्यय
- विप्रमत्त
- विप्रमनस्
- विप्रशस्तक
- विप्रिय
- विप्रेमन्
- विफ
- विफाण्ट
- विबन्धु
- विबल
- विबलाक
- विबाण
- विबाहु
- विबिल
- विबुद्धि
- विभङ्गि
- विभय
- विभस्मन्
- विभाण्ड
- विभाण्डक
- विभास्कर
- विभूम
- विभ्रातृव्य
- विमज्जान्त्र
- विमण्डल
- विमत्सर
- विमद
- विमद्य
- विमध्य
- विमध्यम
- विमन
- विमनस्क
- विमनाय
- विमनिमन्
- विमनीकृत
- विमनीभूत
- विमन्थर
- विमन्यु
- विमन्युक
- विमस्तकित
- विमहत्
- विमहस्
- विमही
- विमांस
- विमाण्डव्य
- विमातृ
- विमात्र
- विमान
- विमानुष
- विमाय
- विमिथुन
- विमुञ्ज
- विमुद्र
- विमूर्छन
- विमूर्धज
- विमूल
- विमृग
- विमृत्यु
- विमेघ
- विमोघ
- विमौन
- विमौलि
- वियन्तृ
- वियव
- वियुगल
- वियूथ
- वियोध
- वियोनि
- विरक्षस्
- विरथ
- विरथ्य
- विरथ्या
- विरश्मि
- विरस
- विरात्र
- विरिफित
- विरुज्
- विरुद्र
- विरूक्ष
- विरेपस्
- विरेफ
- विरेफस्
- विरोग
- विरोष
- विरोहित
- विलक्ष
- विलक्ष्य
- विलज्ज
- विलिङ्ग
- विलिप्ता
- विलिप्तिका
- विलोहित
- विलोहितक
- विवंश
- विवत्
- विवत्स
- विवरुण
- विवरूथ
- विवर्चस्
- विवर्ण
- विवर्त्मन्
- विवर्मन्
- विवव्रि
- विवश
- विवसन
- विवस्त्र
- विवाच्
- विवाचस्
- विवात
- विवाश
- विवासस्
- विविंश
- विविंशति
- विविद्युत्
- विविन्ध्य
- विविभक्तिक
- विविवध
- विविश
- विविषा
- विवीवध
- विव्रत
- विशकल
- विशङ्क
- विशङ्कट
- विशफ
- विशब्द
- विशरद
- विशलभमरुत्
- विशल्य
- विशस्त्र
- विशाख
- विशाखक
- विशाखल
- विशाखिल
- विशाप
- विशारद
- विशिख
- विशिप्रिय
- विशिर
- विशिरस्
- विशिरस्क
- विशिश्ना
- विशिश्न्या
- विशिष्य
- विशीर्षन्
- विशील
- विशुष्क
- विशून्य
- विशूल
- विशृङ्खल
- विशृङ्ग
- विशोक
- विशोणित
- विश्यापर्ण
- विश्रवण
- विश्रवस्
- विश्रीकृ
- विश्लथ
- विश्लोक
- विष्कन्ध
- विष्टाव
- विष्ठल
- विसंष्ठुल
- विसंस्थुल
- विसंसर्पिन्
- विसंस्थित
- विसंकट
- विसंकुल
- विसंगत
- विसंज्ञ
- विसंज्ञित
- विसदृश्
- विसदृश
- विसंधि
- विसंधिक
- विसंनाह
- विसभाग
- विसमाप्ति
- विसल्य
- विसल्यक
- विसामग्री
- विसारथि
- विसिर
- विसुकल्प
- विसुकृत्
- विसुकृत
- विसुख
- विसुत
- विसुहृद्
- विसूत
- विसूत्र
- विसूर्य
- विसेचक
- विसोम
- विसौख्य
- विसौरभ
- विस्थान
- विस्पृक्क
- विस्रोतस्
- विस्वप्न
- विस्वप्नज्
- विस्वर
- विस्वाद
- विहर्ष
- विहस्त
- विहस्तित
- विहिंस्र
- विहित
- विहुत्मत्
- विहृदय
- विह्रदिन्
-
22 विद्
vid1) cl. 2. P. Dhātup. XXIV, 56 ;
vetti ( vidmahe Br. ;
vedati, - te Up. MBh. ;
vidáti, - te AV. etc.;
vindati, - te MBh. etc.;
Impv. vidāṉ-karotu Pañcat. <cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 41 >;
1. sg. impf. avedam, 2. sg. avet orᅠ aves Pāṇ. 8-2, 75, RV. etc.. etc.. ;
3. pl. avidus Br. ;
cf. Pāṇ. 3-4, 109 ;
avidan MBh. etc.;
pf. véda <often substituted for pr. vetti cf. Pāṇ. 3-4, 83 >, 3. pl. vidús orᅠ vidre RV. ;
viveda MBh. etc.;
vidāṉcakā́ra Br. etc. <cf. Pāṇ. 3-1, 38 ;
accord. toᅠ Vop. alsoᅠ vidām-babhūva>;
aor. avedīt ib. ;
vidām-akran TBr. ;
fut. veditā́ ṠBr. ;
vettā MBh. fut. vedishyati, - te Br. Up. ;
vetsyati, - te MBh. etc.;
inf. véditum, - tos Br. ;
vettum MBh. etc.;
ind. p. viditvā́ Br. etc.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become orᅠ be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with acc., in older, language alsoᅠ with gen.;
with inf. = to know how to) RV. etc. etc. ( viddhiyathā, « know that» ;
vidyāt, « one should know», « it should be understood» ;
yaevamveda <in Br. >, « who knows thus», who has this knowledge);
to know orᅠ regard orᅠ consider as, take for, declare to be, call (esp. in 3. pl. vidus, with two acc. orᅠ with acc. andᅠ nom. with iti,
e.g.. taṉsthaviraṉviduḥ, « they consider orᅠ call him aged» ;
rājarshiritimāṉviduḥ, « they consider me a Rājarshi») Up. Mn. MBh. etc.;
to mind, notice, observe, remember (with gen. orᅠ acc.) RV. AV. Br. ;
to experience, feel (acc. orᅠ gen.) RV. etc. etc.;
to wish to know, inquire about (acc.) ṠBr. MBh.:
Caus. vedáyate (rarely - ti;
aor. avīvidat;
Pass. vedyate), to make known, announce, report, tell ṠBr. etc. etc.;
to teach, explain ṠāṇkhṠr. Nir. ;
to recognize orᅠ regard as, take for (two acc.) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to feel, experience ṠBr. Mn. etc.:
Desid. of Caus. in vivedayishu q.v.:
Desid. vividishati orᅠ vivitsati, to wish to know orᅠ learn, inquire about (acc.) ṠBr. etc. etc.:
Intens. vevidyate, vevetti
+ Gr. cf. Gk. εἶδον for ἐγγιδον, οἶδα for γγοιδα = veda;
Lat. videre;
Slav. věděti;
Goth. witan, wait;
Germ. wiṡṡan, wissen;
Angl. Sax. wât;
Eng. wot
víd2) mfn. knowing, understanding, a knower (mostly ifc.;
superl. vit-tama) KaṭhUp. Mn. MBh. etc.;
m. the planet Mercury VarBṛS. (cf. 2. jña);
f. knowledge understanding RV. KaushUp. ;
(pl.) Bhām. ;
3) (originally identical with 1. vid) cl. 6. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXVIII, 138 ;
vindáti, - te (Ved. alsoᅠ vitté, vidé;
p. vidāná orᅠ vidāna <q.v.>;
ep. 3. pl. vindate Pot. vindyāt, often = vidyāt;
pf. vivéda <3. pl. vividus Subj. vividat>, vividvás, 3. pl. vividre, vidré RV. etc. etc.;
p. vividvás RV. ;
vividivas Pāṇ. 7-2, 68 ;
aor. ávidat, - data ib. <Ved. Subj. vidā́si, -dā́t;
Pot. vidét, deta VS. AV. Br. ;
3. sg. videshṭa AV. II, 36, 3 >;
Ā. 1. sg. avitsi RV. Br. ;
fut. vettā, vedishyati Gr.;
vetsyati, - te Br. etc.;
inf. vidé RV. ;
vettum MBh. etc.;
véttave AV. ;
- ttavai <?> andᅠ - tos Br. ;
ind. p. vittvā́ AV. Br. ;
- vidya Br. etc.), to find, discover, meet orᅠ fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess RV. etc. etc. (with diṡas, to find out the quarters of she sky MBh.);
to get orᅠ procure for (dat.) RV. ChUp. ;
to seek out, look for, attend to RV. etc. etc.;
to feel, experience Cāṇ. ;
to consider as, take for (two acc.) Kāv. ;
to come upon, befall, seize, visit RV. AV. Br. ;
to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce RV. ṠBr. ;
(Ā. m. c. alsoᅠ P.) to take to wife, marry (with orᅠ scil. bhāryām) RV. Mn. MBh. etc.;
to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman) AV. Mn. MBh. ;
to obtain (a son, with orᅠ scil. sutam) BhP.:
Pass. orᅠ Ā. vidyáte (ep. alsoᅠ - ti;
p. vidyamāna <q.v.>;
aor. avedi), to be found, exist, be RV. etc. etc.;
(esp. in later language) vidyate, « there is, there exists», often with na, « there is not» ;
with bhoktum, « there is something to eat» ;
followed by a fut., « is it possible that?» Pāṇ. 3-3, 146 Sch. ;
yathā-vidé, « as it happens» i.e. « as usual», « as well as possible» RV. I, 127, 4 etc..:
Caus. vedayati, to cause to find etc. MBh.:
Desid. vividishati orᅠ vivitsati, - te Gr. (cf. vivitsita):
Intens. vevidyate, vevetti ib. (for p. vévidat andᅠ - dāna seeᅠ vi- andᅠ saṉvid)
4) (ifc.) finding, acquiring, procuring ( seeᅠ anna-, aṡva-, ahar-vid etc.)
5) cl. 7. Ā. Dhātup. XXIX, 13 ;
vintte, to consider as, take for (two acc.) Bhaṭṭ.
-
23 वृध्
vṛidhcl. 1. Ā. Dhātup. XVIII, 20 ;
várdhate (Ved. andᅠ ep. alsoᅠ - ti;
pf. vavárdha, vavṛidhe RV. etc. etc. <Ved. alsoᅠ vâ̱vṛi-;
vavṛidhāti, -dhītā́s, - dhásva RV. ;
vāvṛidhéte RV. ;
p. vǍvṛidhát RV. AV. ;
aor. Ved. avṛidhat, vṛidhātas, - dhātu;
p. vṛidhát, - dhāná>;
avardhishṭa MBh. etc.;
Prec. vardhishīmáhi VS. ;
fut. vardhitā Gr.;
vartsyati Kāv. ;
vardhishyate Gr.;
inf. Ved. vṛidhe <« for increase», « to make glad» >, vṛidháse, vāvṛidhádhyai;
Class. vardhitum;
ind. p. vṛiddhvā, orᅠ vardhitvā Gr.;
in MBh. vṛidh is sometimes confounded with 1. vṛit), trans. P., to increase, augment, strengthen, cause to prosper orᅠ thrive RV. AV. ṠBr. MBh. ;
to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (esp. the gods, with praise orᅠ sacrifice) RV. ;
(intrans. Ā.;
in Ved. P. in pf. andᅠ aor.;
in Class. P. in aor. fut. andᅠ cond.;
alsoᅠ P. m. c. in other forms), to grow, grow up, increase, be filled orᅠ extended, become longer orᅠ stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed RV. etc. etc.;
to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals) Yājñ. Sch. ;
to be exalted orᅠ elevated, feel animated orᅠ inspired orᅠ excited by (instr. loc. gen.) orᅠ in regard to (dat.), become joyful, have cause for congratulation ( vṛidhaḥ, - dhat in sacrificial formulas = « mayest thou orᅠ may he prosper» ;
in later language often with dishtyā) RV. etc. etc.:
Caus. vardháyati, - te (in later language alsoᅠ vardhāpayati;
aor. Ved. avīvṛidhat, - dhata), to cause to increase orᅠ grow, augment, increase, make larger orᅠ longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (Ā. « for one's self») RV. etc. etc.;
to rear, cherish, foster, bring up ib. ;
to elevate, raise to power, cause to prosper orᅠ thrive AV. ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
to exalt, magnify, glorify (esp. the gods), make joyful, gladden (Ā. in Ved. alsoᅠ= to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in <instr.>, enjoy RV. etc. etc.;
(with. orᅠ scil. dishṭyā) to congratulate Kād. ;
(cl. 10. accord. toᅠ Dhātup. XXXIII, 109)
« to speak» orᅠ « to shine» (bhāshâ̱rthe orᅠ bhāsâ̱rthe):
Desid. of Caus. seeᅠ vivardhayishu:
Desid. vivardhishate orᅠ vivṛitsati Gr.:
Intens. varivṛidhyate, varivṛidhīti ib.
-
24 श्वस्
ṡvas
ṡvasiti (Ved. andᅠ ep. alsoᅠ ṡvásati, - te;
Impv. ṡvasihí AV., ṡvasa MBh. ;
impf. < orᅠ aor.> aṡvasīt, ep. alsoᅠ aṡvasat;
Pot. orᅠ Prec. ṡvasyāt, ep. alsoᅠ ṡvaset;
pr. p. ṡvasat, ep. alsoᅠ ṡvasamāna <for ṡvasamāna seeᅠ below>;
pf. ṡaṡvāsa MBh. ;
fut. ṡvasitā Gr.;
ṡvasishyati MBh. ;
inf. ṡvasitum ib. ;
ind. p. - ṡvasya ib.), to blow, hiss, pant, snort RV. etc. etc.;
to breathe, respire, draw breath ( alsoᅠ = live) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to sigh, groan ib. ;
to strike, kill Naigh. II, 19:
Caus. ṡvāsayati (aor. aṡiṡvasat), to cause to blow orᅠ breathe etc.;
to cause heavy breathing Suṡr.:
Desid. ṡiṡvasishati Gr.:
Intens. ṡāṡvasyate, ṡāṡvasti ib. (only p. ṡāṡvasat, snorting MaitrS.)
ṡvás2) ind. to-morrow, on the following day ( ṡváḥṡvaḥ, « day by day» ;
ṡvóbhūté, « on the morrow», « next day») RV. etc. etc.;
in the future (sec comp.);
a particle implying auspiciousness W.
-
25 सु
su
2) (= 1. sū) cl. 1. 2. P. Dhātup. XXII, 43 and XXIV, 32 ;
savati, sauti, only in 3. sg. pr. sauti andᅠ 2. sg. Impv. suhi
to urge, impel, incite ṠBr. KātyṠr. ;
to possess supremacy Dhātup. ;
3) cl. 5. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXVII, 1 ;
sunóti, sunute (in RV. ;
3. pl. sunvánti, sunviré <with pass. sense> andᅠ sushvati;
p. sunvát orᅠ sunvāná <the latter with act. andᅠ pass. sense> ib. ;
pf. sushāva, sushuma etc. ib. MBh. ;
p. in Veda sushuvás andᅠ sushvāṇá <the later generally with pass. sense;
accord. toᅠ Kāṡ. on Pāṇ. 3-2, 106, alsoᅠ sushuvāṇa with act. sense>;
aor. accord. toᅠ Gr. asāvīt orᅠ asaushīt, asoshṭa orᅠ asavishṭa;
in RV. alsoᅠ Impv. sótu, sutám, andᅠ p. <mostly pass.> suvāná <but the spoken form is svāná andᅠ so written in SV., suv- in RV. >;
andᅠ 3. pl. asushavuḥ AitBr. ;
fut. sotā ib. ;
soshyati KātyṠr. ;
savishyati ṠBr. ;
inf. sótave, sótos RV.:
Br. ;
sotum Gr.;
ind. p. - sútya Br. ;
- sūya MBh.), to press out, extract (esp. the juice from the Soma plant for libations) RV. AV. ṠBr. KātyṠr. Up. MBh. ;
to distil, prepare (wine, spirits etc.) Sch. on Pāṇ. 2-2, 132:
Pass. sūyáte (in RV. alsoᅠ Ā. 3. sg. sunve andᅠ 3. pl. sunviré with pass. sense;
aor. ásāvi ib.):
Caus. - sāvayati orᅠ - shāvayati ( seeᅠ abhi-shu andᅠ pra-su;
aor. asūshavat accord. toᅠ some asīshavat) Gr.:
Desid. of Caus. sushāvayishati ib.:
Desid. susūshati, - te ib.:
Iutens. soshūyate, soshavīti, soshoti ib. ;
4) (= 2. sū), (only in 3. sg. sauti seeᅠ pra-sū) to beget, bring forth
sú5) ind. (opp. to dus
+ andᅠ corresponding in sense to Gk. εὖ;
6) perhaps connected with 1. vásu, andᅠ, accord. toᅠ some, with pron. base sa, as ku with ka;
in Veda alsoᅠ sū́ andᅠ liable to become shu orᅠ shū andᅠ to lengthen a preceding vowel, while a following na may become ṇa;
it may be used as an adj. orᅠ adv.), good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly, quickly (in older language often with other particles;
esp. with u, = « forthwith, immediately» ;
with mô i.e. māu, = « never, by no means» ;
súkam often emphatically with an Impv. e.g.. tíshṭhāsúkammaghavanmā́parāgāḥ, « do tarry O Maghavan, go not past» RV. III, 53, 2 ;
su always qualifies the meaning of a verb andᅠ is never used independently at the beginning of a verse;
in later language it is rarely a separate word, but is mostly prefixed to substantives, adjectives, adverbs andᅠ participles, exceptionally alsoᅠ to an ind. p. e.g.. su-baddhvā, « having well bound» Mṛicch. X, 50 ;
orᅠ even to a finite verb e.g.. su-nirvavau Ṡiṡ. VI, 58) RV. etc. etc.
-
26 आ
ā1) the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far
2) ind. a particle of reminiscence Pāṇ. 1-1, 14 Pat. ;
alsoᅠ of compassion orᅠ pain <more correctly written 1. ās q.v.>, andᅠ of assent L. <This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās) Pāṇ. 1-1, 14. >
3) ās m. N. of Ṡiva L. ;
grandfather L. ;
(ās) f. N. of Lakshmī L. ;
ā́4) (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, andᅠ their derivatives) near, near to, towards ( seeᅠ ā-kram etc.;
in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb;
in a few cases RV. I, 10, 11 and V, 64, 5,
a verb in the imperative is to be supplied;
with roots like gam, yā, andᅠ i, « to go», andᅠ 1. dā, « to give», it reverses the action;
e.g.. ā-gacchati, « he comes» ;
ā-datte, « he takes»). (As a prep. with a preceding acc.) near to, towards, to RV. ;
(with a preceding noun in the acc., as jósham orᅠ váram) for RV. ;
(with a following acc.) up to. exclusively AitBr. ;
(with a preceding abl.) from RV. AV. ;
out of, from among (e.g.. bahúbhyaā́, « from among many») RV. ;
towards (only in asmádā́, « towards us») RV. ;
(with a following abl. cf. Pāṇ. 2-1, 13 and 3, 10)
up to, to, as far as RV. AV. etc.;
from RV. I, 30, 21 ;
(with a preceding loc.) in, at, on RV. AV. (As an adv. after words expressing a number orᅠ degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g.. trírā́divás, « quite orᅠ fully three times a day» ;
mahimā́vāmíndrâ̱gnīpánishṭha, ā́, « your greatness, O Indra andᅠ Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed», etc.) RV. ;
(after a subst. orᅠ adj.) « as, like», ( orᅠ it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word) RV., (after a verb) RV. V, 7, 7 and KenaUp. ;
(as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, andᅠ (it is placed either between the two words connected <rarely after the second RV. X, 16, 11, orᅠ after both RV. X, 92, 8 >
orᅠ, if there are more, after the last < RV. IV, 57, 1 and X, 75, 5 >;
seeᅠ alsoᅠ â̱taṡca s.v.)
In classical Sanskṛit it may denote the limit « to», « until», « as far as», « from»,
either not including the object named orᅠ including it
(sometimes with acc. orᅠ abl. orᅠ forming an adv.)
e.g.. ā-maraṇam orᅠ ā-maranāt, « till death» Pañcat. ;
(cf. ā-maraṇâ̱nta etc.);
ā-gopālādvijātayaḥ, « the twice-born including the cowherds» MBh. II, 531 ;
ā-samudram orᅠ ā-samudrāt, « as far as the ocean» orᅠ « from the ocean» (but not including it);
ā-kumāram, « from a child» orᅠ « from childhood» orᅠ « to a child»
(cf. Lat. apuero) MBh. III, 1403 ;
ā-kumāramyaṡaḥpāṇineḥ, « the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children» ;
ājānu-bāhu mfn. « one whose arms reach down to the knees» R. I, 1, 12 ;
( seeᅠ alsoᅠ ākarṇa- andᅠ ājanma-);
(cf. ā-jarasám, ā-vyushám, ā-saptama, ôtsūyám.) Prefixed to adj. <rarely to subst.;
cf. ā-kopa> it implies diminution Pāṇ. 2-2, 18 Comm. ;
« a little» e.g.. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish Ragh. XVI, 51 ;
( seeᅠ alsoᅠ ā-pakva, ôshṇa, etc.) Some commentaries
(e.g.. Comm. on Ragh. III, 8) occasionally give to ā in this application the meaning samantāt, « all through, completely», as ā-nīla, « blue all round»
- आइ
- आइन्ध्
- आइन्व्
- आइष्
- आईक्ष्
- आईक्षीर्
- आईक्षीष्
- आउक्ष्
- आउक्षूर्णु
- आऋ
- आॠञ्ज्
- आॠध्
-
27 गन्धर्व
gandharvám. a Gandharva <though in later times the Gandharvas are regarded as a class, yet in RV. rarely more than one is mentioned;
he is designated as the heavenly Gandharva ( divyág- RV. IX, 86, 36 and X, 139, 5),
andᅠ is alsoᅠ called Viṡvā-vasu ( RV. X, 85, 21 and 22;139, 4 and 5) andᅠ Vāyu-keṡa (in pl. RV. III, 38, 6);
his habitation is the sky, orᅠ the region of the air andᅠ the heavenly waters
( RV. I, 22, 14; VIII, 77, 5; IX, 85, 12; 86, 36; X, 10, 4 AV. II, 2, 3);
his especial duty is to guard the heavenly Soma RV. IX, 83, 4 and 85, 12,
which the gods obtain through his intervention RV. AV. VII, 73, 3 ; cf. RV. I, 22, 14 ;
it is obtained for the human race by Indra, who conquers the Gandharva andᅠ takes it by force ( RV. VIII, 1, 11 and 77, 5);
the heavenly Gandharva is supposed to be a good physician, because the Soma is considered as the best medicine;
possibly, however, the word Soma originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, andᅠ the heavenly Gandharva may have been the genius orᅠ tutelary deity of the moon;
in one passage RV. IX, 86, 36 the heavenly Gandharva andᅠ the Soma are identified;
he is alsoᅠ regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses
i, 163, 2; X, 177, 2; cf. 135, 5 ;
he knows andᅠ makes known the secrets of heaven andᅠ divine truths generally
( X, 139, 5 and 6 AV. II, 1, 2; XX, 128, 3 VS. XI, 1; XXXII, 9);
he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, Yama andᅠ Yamī RV. X, 10, 4),
andᅠ has a peculiar mystical power over women andᅠ a right to possess them RV. X, 85, 21 and 22; 40 and 41 ;
for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies AV. XIV, 2, 35 and 36 ;
ecstatic states of mind andᅠ possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly Gandharva (cf. - gṛihīta, - graha);
the Gandharvas as a class have the same characteristic features as the one Gandharva;
they live in the sky RV. AV. ṠBr. XIV,
guard the Soma RV. IX, 113, 3 ṠBr. III AitBr. I, 27,
are governed by Varuṇa (just as the Apsarasas are governed by Soma) ṠBr. XIII ĀṡvṠr. X, 7, 3,
know the best medicines AV. VIII, 7, 23 VS. XII, 98,
regulate the course of the asterisms ( AV. XIII, 1, 23 BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
hence twenty-seven are mentioned VS. IX, 7),
follow after women andᅠ are desirous of intercourse with them (AV. ṠBr. III) ;
as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to Soma, the Gandharvas, andᅠ Agni Gṛihyās. II, 19 f. Pañcat. Suṡr. ;
the wives of the Gandharvas are the Apsarasas
(cf. gandharvâ̱psarás),
andᅠ like them the Gandharvas are invoked in gambling with dice AV. VII, 109, 5 ;
they are alsoᅠ feared as evil beings together with the Rākshasas, Kimīdins, Piṡācas, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them ( AV. Suṡr.);
they are said to have revealed the Vedas to Vāc
( ṠBr. III ; cf. PārGṛ. II, 12, 2),
andᅠ are called the preceptors of the Ṛishis ṠBr. XI ;
Purūravas is called among them ( ib.);
in epic poetry the Gandharvas are the celestial musicians orᅠ heavenly singers (cf. RV. X, 177, 2)
who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, andᅠ they belong together with the Apsarasas to Indra's heaven, sharing alsoᅠ in his battles;
Yājñ. I, 71 MBh. Hariv. etc..; cf. RTL. p. 238 ;
in the more systematic mythology the Gandharvas constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided
(i.e. gods, manes, Gandharvas AV. XI, 5, 2 ;
orᅠ gods, Asuras, Gandharvas, men TS. VII, 8, 25, 2 ;
cf. ṠBr. X ;
orᅠ gods, men, Gandharvas, Apsarasas, Sarpas, andᅠ manes AitBr. III, 31, 5 ;
for other enumerations cf. Nir. III, 8 Mn. I, 37 RTL. p. 237 ;
III, 196; VII, 23; XII, 47 Nal. etc..);
divine andᅠ human Gandharvas are distinguished
( TUp. II, 8 the divine orᅠ Deva-Gandharvas are enumerated MBh. I, 2550 ff. and 4810 ff.);
another passage names 11 classes of Gandharvas (TĀr. I, 9, 3) ;
the chief orᅠ leader of the Gandharvas is named Citra-ratha Bhag. X, 26 ;
they are called the creatures of Prajāpati Mn. I, 37 ;
orᅠ of Brahmā. Hariv. 11793 orᅠ of Kaṡyapa 11850 ;
orᅠ of the Munis MBh. I, 2550 Hariv. 11553 ;
orᅠ of Prādhā MBh. I, 2556 ;
orᅠ of Arishṭā Hariv. 234 VP. I, 21 orᅠ of Vāc ( PadmaP.);
with Jainas the Gandharvas constitute one of the eight classes of the Vyantaras>;
N. of the attendant of the 17th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī L. ;
a singer VarBṛS. LXXXVII, 33 BhP. I, 11, 21 ;
the Koïl orᅠ black cuckoo L. ;
a sage, pious man Mahīdh. on VS. XXXII, 9 ;
a horse MBh. III, 11762 ;
cf. II, 1043 ;
the musk deer (derived fr. gandha) L. ;
the soul after death andᅠ previous to its being born again (corresponding in some respects to the western notion of a ghost) L. ;
N. of the 14th Kalpa orᅠ period of the world VāyuP. I, 21, 30 ;
of the 21st Muhūrta Sūryapr. ;
of a Svara orᅠ tone (for gāndhāra?) Hariv. II, 120, 4 ;
m. pl. the Gandharvas ( seeᅠ above);
N. of a people (named together with the Gāndhāras) R. VII, 100, 10 f. and 101, 2 ff. and 11 VarBṛS. XIV, 31 ;
(ā) f. Durgā Hariv. II, 120, 4 (v.l. gāndharvī);
(ī́) f. Gandharvī (daughter of Surabhi andᅠ mother of the race of horses MBh. I, 2631 f. R. III, 20, 28 f. VāyuP.)
RV. X, 11, 2 R. ;
night BhP. IV, 29, 21 ;
+ cf. Gk. κένταυρος fr. κενθαργγος
- गन्धर्वकन्या
- गन्धर्वखण्ड
- गन्धर्वगृहीत
- गन्धर्वग्रह
- गन्धर्वतैल
- गन्धर्वत्व
- गन्धर्वदत्ता
- गन्धर्वनगर
- गन्धर्वपत्नी
- गन्धर्वपद
- गन्धर्वपुर
- गन्धर्वराज
- गन्धर्वर्तु
- गन्धर्वलोक
- गन्धर्वविद्या
- गन्धर्वविवाह
- गन्धर्ववेद
- गन्धर्वहस्त
- गन्धर्वहस्तक
- गन्धर्वाप्सरस्
- गन्धर्वेष्ठा
-
28 पूर्व
pū́rvamf (ā)n. (connected with purā, puras, pra, andᅠ declined like a pron. when implying relative position whether in place orᅠ time, but not necessarily in abl. loc. sg. m. n. andᅠ nom. pl. m.;
seeᅠ Pāṇ. 1-1, 27; 34; VII, 1, 16)
being before orᅠ in front fore, first RV. etc. etc.;
eastern, to the east of (abl.) ib. ;
former, prior, preceding, previous to, earlier than (abl. orᅠ comp.) ib. ( gaja-pūrva, preceding the number « eight» i.e. seven, the seventh Ṡrutab. ;
māsenap-, orᅠ māsa-p-, earlier by a month Pāṇ. 2-1, 31 ;
ifc. often = formerly orᅠ before e.g.. strī-p-, formerly a wife;
āḍhya-p-, formerly wealthy;
esp. after a pp. e.g.. kṛita-p-, done before, dṛishṭa-p-, seen before;
ifc. alsoᅠ preceded orᅠ accompanied by, attended with e.g.. smita-pūrvā-vāk, speech accompanied by smiles;
sometimes not translatable e.g.. mṛidu-pūrvāvāk, kind speech);
ancient, old, customary, traditional RV. etc. etc.;
first (in a series), initial, lowest (opp. to uttara;
with dama orᅠ sāhasa « the lowest fine») Mn. VIII, 120 etc.. ;
(with vayas) « first age», youth MBh. ;
foregoing, aforesaid, mentioned before (abl.) Mn. MBh. Pāṇ. ;
m. an ancestor, forefather (pl. the ancients, ancestors) RV. etc. etc.;
an elder brother R. ;
N. of a prince BhP. ;
(ā) f. (with orᅠ sc. diṡ) the east MBh. R. ;
N. of a country to the east of Madhya-deṡa L. ;
of the Nakshatras Pūrva-phalgunt, Pūrvâshāḍhā andᅠ Pūrvabhadrapadā collectively Var. ;
n. the fore part Ṡak. II, 4 ;
(cf. Pāṇ. 2-2, 1);
a partic. high number (applied to a period of years) Buddh. ;
N. of the most ancient of Jaina writings (of which 14 are enumerated) L. ;
N. of a Tantra. Cat. ;
an ancient tradition W. ;
(am) ind. before ( alsoᅠ as a prep. with abl.), formerly, hitherto, previously (sometimes with pres.) RV. etc. etc. (often ibc. e.g.. pūrva-kārin, active before, pūrvôkta, said before;
alsoᅠ ifc. in the sense of « with» e.g.. prīti-pūrvam, with love;
mati-pūrvam with intention, intentionally;
mṛidu-pūrva-bhāsh, to speak kindly;
cf. above;
alsoᅠ with an ind. p. e.g.. pūrva-bhojam, orᅠ - bhuktvā, having eaten before Pāṇ. 3-4, 24 ;
adya-p-, until now, hitherto;
previously - tataḥ, first-then;
pūrva-paṡcāt, previously-afterwards;
pūrva-upari, previously-subsequently;
pūrva-adhūnā orᅠ adya, formerly-now);
( eṇa) ind. in front, before;
eastward, to the east of (opp. to apareṇa, with gen. orᅠ acc.;
cf. Pāṇ. 5-3, 35 Sch.) ṠBr. etc. etc.;
(with tataḥ) « to the east of that» MBh. ;
- पूर्वकर्मन्
- पूर्वकल्प
- पूर्वकामकृत्वन्
- पूर्वकाय
- पूर्वकारिन्
- पूर्वकार्य
- पूर्वकल
- पूर्वकालिक
- पूर्वकालीन
- पूर्वकाष्ठा
- पूर्वकृत्
- पूर्वकृत
- पूर्वकृत्वरी
- पूर्वकृष्णीय
- पूर्वकोटि
- पूर्वक्रमागत
- पूर्वक्रिया
- पूर्वग
- पूर्वगङ्गा
- पूर्वगत
- पूर्वगत्वन्
- पूर्वगम
- पूर्वग्रामिन्
- पूर्वघटकर्पर
- पूर्वंगत
- पूर्वंगम
- पूर्वचित्
- पूर्वचिती
- पूर्वचित्त
- पूर्वचित्ति
- पूर्वचित्तिका
- पूर्वचित्ती
- पूर्वचिन्तन
- पूर्वचोदित
- पूर्वज
- पूर्वजन
- पूर्वजन्मन्
- पूर्वजा
- पूर्वजाति
- पूर्वजावन्
- पूर्वजिन
- पूर्वज्ञान
- पूर्वतन
- पूर्वतन्त्र
- पूर्वतर
- पूर्वतस्
- पूर्वतस्कर
- पूर्वता
- पूर्वतापनीय
- पूर्वतापिनी
- पूर्वत्र
- पूर्वत्रैगर्तक
- पूर्वत्रैयलिन्द
- पूर्वत्र्यलिन्द
- पूर्वत्व
- पूर्वथा
- पूर्वदक्षिण
- पूर्वदत्त
- पूर्वदर्शन
- पूर्वदाविक
- पूर्वदिक्पति
- पूर्वदिगीश
- पूर्वदिन
- पूर्वदिश्
- पूर्वदिश्य
- पूर्वदिष्ट
- पूर्वदीक्षा
- पूर्वदुग्ध
- पूर्वदुष्कृतभोग
- पूर्वदृष्ट
- पूर्वदृष्टि
- पूर्वदेव
- पूर्वदेविका
- पूर्वदेश
- पूर्वदेह
- पूर्वदेहिक
- पूर्वदैहिक
- पूर्वद्वार
- पूर्वद्वारिक
- पूर्वनगरी
- पूर्वनडक
- पूर्वनिपात
- पूर्वनिमित्त
- पूर्वनिवास
- पूर्वनिविष्ट
- पूर्वन्याय
- पूर्वन्यास
- पूर्वपक्ष
- पूर्वपक्षय
- पूर्वपक्षिन्
- पूर्वपक्षीकृ
- पूर्वपक्षीय
- पूर्वपञ्चाल
- पूर्वपथ
- पूर्वपद
- पूर्वपदिक
- पूर्वपद्य
- पूर्वपरिग्रह
- पूर्वपरिच्छेद
- पूर्वपरिभेद्य
- पूर्वपर्वत
- पूर्वपश्चात्
- पूर्वपश्चायत
- पूर्वपश्चिम
- पूर्वपा
- पूर्वपाञ्चालक
- पूर्वपाटलिपुत्र
- पूर्वपाणिनीय
- पूर्वपाद
- पूर्वपान
- पूर्वपाय्य
- पूर्वपालिन्
- पूर्वपितामह
- पूर्वपीठिका
- पूर्वपीति
- पूर्वपुरुष
- पूर्वपूजित
- पूर्वपूर्णमासी
- पूर्वपूर्व
- पूर्वपेय
- पूर्वप्रज्ञा
- पूर्वप्रतिपन्न
- पूर्वप्रयोग
- पूर्वप्रवृत्त
- पूर्वप्रस्थित
- पूर्वप्रायश्चित्त
- पूर्वप्रेत
- पूर्वफल्गुनी
- पूर्वबन्धु
- पूर्वबाध
- पूर्वब्राह्मण
- पूर्वभक्षिका
- पूर्वभद्रपद
- पूर्वभव
- पूर्वभाग
- पूर्वभाज्
- पूर्वभाद्रपद
- पूर्वभाव
- पूर्वभाविन्
- पूर्वब्बाषिन्
- पूर्वभिक्षिका
- पूर्वभुक्ति
- पूर्वभूत
- पूर्वभूभृत्
- पूर्वमगध
- पूर्वमद्र
- पूर्वमध्याह्न
- पूर्वमागधक
- पूर्वमारिन्
- पूर्वमीमांसा
- पूर्वमुख
- पूर्वयक्ष
- पूर्वयाम्य
- पूर्वयायात
- पूर्वयायिन्
- पूर्वयावन्
- पूर्वयोग
- पूर्वरङ्ग
- पूर्वराग
- पूर्वराज
- पूर्वरात्र
- पूर्वरूप
- पूर्वलक्षण
- पूर्ववत्
- पूर्ववयस्
- पूर्ववयस्क
- पूर्ववयस
- पूर्ववयसिन्
- पूर्ववर्तिन्
- पूर्ववह्
- पूर्ववाक्य
- पूर्ववाद
- पूर्ववादिन्
- पूर्ववायु
- पूर्ववार्षिक
- पूर्वविद्
- पूर्वविदेह
- पूर्वविधि
- पूर्वविप्रतिषेध
- पूर्वविहित
- पूर्ववृत
- पूर्ववृत्त
- पूर्ववैरिन्
- पूर्वशांशप
- पूर्वशान्ति
- पूर्वशारद
- पूर्वशास्त्र
- पूर्वशिष्य
- पूर्वशीर्ष
- पूर्वशैल
- पूर्वशैवदीक्षाविधि
- पूर्वषट्क
- पूर्वसंहिता
- पूर्वसक्थ
- पूर्वसंचित
- पूर्वसंजल्प
- पूर्वसद्
- पूर्वसंध्या
- पूर्वसभिक
- पूर्वसमुद्र
- पूर्वसर
- पूर्वसस्य
- पूर्वसागर
- पूर्वसार
- पूर्वसारिन्
- पूर्वसाहस
- पूर्वसिद्ध
- पूर्वसिद्धान्त
- पूर्वसुप्त
- पूर्वसू
- पूर्वसूरि
- पूर्वसेवा
- पूर्वस्थ
- पूर्वस्थिति
- पूर्वस्वर
- पूर्वहूति
- पूर्वहोम
-
29 बृह्
bṛih
vṛiháti (pf. babarha, vavárha;
fut. varkshyati, varhishyati;
varḍhā, varhitā;
aor. barhīt, avṛikshat;
ind. p. vriḍhvā, varhitvā, vṛíhya, barham, várham;
Ved. inf. vṛihas:
Pass. vṛihyate;
aor. varhi), to tear, pluck, root up (without a prep. only with mūlam TS. Āpast.):
Caus. barháyati ( seeᅠ ni-bṛih):
Desid. vivṛikshati, vivarhishati Gr.:
Intens. varīvarḍhi, varīvṛihyate ib. ;
2) orᅠ bṛiṉh cl. 1. P. Dhātup. XVII, 85 bṛiṉhati ( alsoᅠ - te ṠBr. andᅠ bṛihati AV. ;
pf. babarha AV. ;
A. p. babṛihāṇá RV.), to be thick, grow great orᅠ strong, increase (the finite verb only with a prep.):
Caus. bṛiṉhayati, - te ( alsoᅠ written vṛi-), to make big orᅠ fat orᅠ strong, increase, expand, further, promote MBh. Kathās. Pur. Suṡr. ;
barhayati seeᅠ sam-bṛih:
Intens. barbṛihat, barbṛihi seeᅠ upa-bṛih
3) prayer. seeᅠ bṛíhas-pati
4) orᅠ bṛiṉh ( alsoᅠ written vṛih orᅠ vṛiṉh). cl. s. P. Dhātup. XVII, 85 ;
bṛinhati ( orᅠ barhati;
3. pl. pf. Ā. babṛiiṉhire Ṡiṡ. XVII, 31),
to roar, bellow, trumpet (said of an elephant) MBh. Hariv. etc.;
alsoᅠ cl. so. P. Dhātup. XXXIII, 95 ;
to speak;
to shine
-
30 भृ
bhṛi
cl. 3. P. Ā. XXV, 5 bíbharti ( bibhárti only RV. IV, 50, 7), bibhṛite;
cl. 2. P. bhárti RV. I, 173, 6 (pr. p. P. bíbhrat, q.v.;
Ā. bibhrāṇa with act. meaning Ragh., bibhramāṇa with pass. meaning RV. ;
pf. jabhā́ra, jabhárat;
jabhre, ajabhartana ib. ;
babhāra, babhṛima Br. etc.;
p. babhrāṇá with pass. meaning RV. ;
bibharāmbabhūva Ragh., - rām-āsa Bhaṭṭ. ;
aor. abhār RV. ;
bhartám, bhṛitám Br. ;
abhṛita Gr.;
abhārsham Subj. bharshat RV. ;
abhārisham AV. ;
Prec. bhriyāsam, - yāt Br. ;
fut. bharishyati cond. ábharishyat RV. ;
bhartā́ ṠBr. ;
inf. bhártum, bhártave, bhártavaí, Ved.;
bháradhyai RV. ;
ind. p. - bhṛítya ib. etc.), to bear, carry, convey, hold (« on» orᅠ « in» loc.) RV. etc. etc.;
to wear i.e. let grow (hair, beard, nails) Mn. MBh. etc.;
to balance, hold in equipoise (as a pair of scales) Vishṇ. ;
to bear i.e. contain, possess, have, keep ( alsoᅠ « keep in mind») RV. etc. etc.;
to support, maintain, cherish, foster ib. ;
to hire, pay MBh. ;
to carry off orᅠ along (Ā. bharate, « for one's self» i.e. gain, obtain, orᅠ = ferri « to be borne along») RV. AV. ;
to bring, offer, procure, grant, bestow RV. etc. etc.;
to endure, experience, suffer, undergo ib. ;
to lift up, raise (the voice orᅠ a sound;
Ā. bharate, alsoᅠ « to rise, be heard») RV. ;
to fill (the stomach) Pañcat. ;
(with garbham) to conceive, become pregnant (cf. under dhṛi) RV. ;
with kshitim) to take care of, rule, govern Rājat. ;
(with, ājñām) to submit to, obey ib. ;
(with ūrjām) to exert, employ Bhaṭṭ.:
Pass. bhriyáte (ep. alsoᅠ - ti;
aor. abhāri), to be borne etc. RV. etc. etc.:
Caus. bhārayati (aor. abībharat), to cause to bear etc.;
to engage for hire MBh.:
Desid. búbhūrshati ( ṠBr. MārkP.), bibharishati (Pāṇ. 8-2, 49),
to wish to bear orᅠ support orᅠ maintain:
Intens. báribharti (3. pl. - bhrati RV., where alsoᅠ 2. du. jarbhṛitáḥ), barībharti ( Kāv.), to bear repeatedly orᅠ continually, carry hither andᅠ thither
+ cf. Zd. bar;
Gk. φέρω;
Lat. fero;
Slav. brati;
Goth. baíran;
Germ. beran, ge-bären;
Eng. bear
-
31 मनु
mánumfn. thinking, wise, intelligent VS. ṠBr. ;
m. « the thinking creature(?)», man, mankind RV. VS. AitBr. TĀr. ;
( alsoᅠ as opp. to evil spirits RV. I, 130, 8; VIII, 98, 6 etc.. ;
the Ṛibhus are called manornápātaḥ, the sons of man, III, 60, 3);
the Man par excellence orᅠ the representative man andᅠ father of the human race (regarded in the RV. as the first to have instituted sacrifices andᅠ religious ceremonies, andᅠ associated with the Ṛishis Kaṇva andᅠ Atri;
in the AitBr. described as dividing his possessions among some of his sons to the exclusion of one called Nābhā-nedishṭha q.v.;
called Sāṃvaraṇa as author of RV. IX, 101, 10-12 ;
Āpsava as author of ib. 106, 7-9 ;
in Naigh. V, 6 he is numbered among the 31 divine beings of the upper sphere, andᅠ VS. XI, 66 as father of men even identified with Prajs-pati;
but the name Manu is esp. applied to 14 successive mythical progenitors andᅠ sovereigns of the earth, described Mn. I, 63 andᅠ in later wks. as creating andᅠ supporting this world through successive Antaras orᅠ long periods of time seeᅠ manv-antara below ;
the first is called Svāyambhuva as sprung from svayam-bhū, the Self-existent, andᅠ described in Mn. 12, 34 as a sort of secondary creator, who commenced his work by producing 10 Prajāpatis orᅠ Maharshis, of whom the first was marīci, Light;
to this Manu is ascribed the celebrated « code of Manu» seeᅠ manu-saṉhitā, andᅠ two ancient Sūtra works on Kalpa andᅠ Gṛihya i.e. sacrificial andᅠ domestic rites;
he is alsoᅠ called Hairaṇyagarbha as son of Hiraṇya-garbha, andᅠ Prācetasa, as son of Pra-cetas;
the next 5 Manus are called Svārocisha, Auttami, Tāmasa, Raivata, Cākshusha cf. IW. 208 n. 1 ;
the 7th Manu, called vaivasvata, Sun-born, orᅠ from his piety,
satya-vrata, is regarded as the progenitor of the present race of living beings,
andᅠ said, like the Noah of the Old Testament, to have been preserved from a great flood by Vishṇu orᅠ Brahmā. in the form of a fish:
he is alsoᅠ variously described as one of the 12 Ādityas, as the author of RV. VIII, 27-31,
as the brother of Yama, who as a son of he Sun is alsoᅠ called Vaivasvata, as the founder andᅠ first king of Ayodhyā, andᅠ as father of Ilā who married Budha, son of the Moon, the two great solar andᅠ lunar races being thus nearly related to each other seeᅠ IW. 344; 373 ;
the 8th Manu orᅠ first of the future Manus accord. toᅠ VP. III, 2, will be Sāvarṇi;
the 9th Daksha-sāvarṇi;
the 12th Rudra-sāvarṇi;
the 13th Raucya orᅠ Deva-sāvarṇi;
the 14th Bhautya orᅠ Indra-sāvarṇi);
thought (= manas) TS. Br. ;
a sacred text, prayer, incantation, spell (= mantra) RāmatUp. Pañcar. Pratāp. ;
N. of an Agni MBh. ;
of a Rudra Pur. ;
of Kṛiṡâṡva BhP. ;
of an astronomer Cat. ;
(pl.) the mental Powers BhP. ;
N. of the number « fourteen» (on account of the 14 Manus) Sūryas. ;
f. Manu's wife (= manāvī) L. ;
Trigonella Corniculata L. ;
+ cf. Goth. manna;
Germ. ṉann, man;
Angl. Sax. man;
Eng. man
- मनुकपाल
- मनुकुलादित्य
- मनुग
- मनुज
- मनुजात
- मनुज्येष्ठ
- मनुतन्तु
- मनुतीर्थ
- मनुत्व
- मनुदिवि
- मनुप्रणीत
- मनुप्रवर्ह
- मनुप्रवल्ह
- मनुप्रीत
- मनुभू
- मनुमुक्तावलि
- मनुयुग
- मनुराज्
- मनुवत्
- मनुवश
- मनुवृत
- मनुश्रेष्ठ
- मनुसंहिता
- मनुसव
- मनुस्मृति
-
32 मातृ
mā́tṛi1) m. a measurer, Nix. XI, 5 ;
one who measures across orᅠ traverses RV. VIII, 41, 4 (cf. 10);
a knower, one who has true knowledge Cat. ;
N. of a Partic. caste ib. (w.r. for māḍava?);
of an author Bṛih. ;
mātṛí2) f. (derivation from 3. mā very doubtful)
a mother, any mother (applicable to animals) RV. etc. etc. (sometimes ifc. e.g.. kuntī-m-, having Kuntī for a mother);
du. father andᅠ mother, parents RV. III, 3, 33; VII, 2, 5 ;
( alsoᅠ, mātárā-pitárā IV, 6, 7, andᅠ pitárā-mātárā Pāṇ. 6-3, 33 ;
cf. mātarapitarau);
the earth (du. heaven andᅠ earth) RV. ;
(with orᅠ scil. lokasya), a cow MBh. ;
(du. andᅠ pl.) the two pieces of wood used in kindling fire RV. (cf. dvi-m-);
(pl.) the waters RV. (cf. saptam- andᅠ Naigh. I, 13);
(pl.) the divine mothers orᅠ personified energies of the principal deities (sometimes reckoned as 7 in number, viz. Brāhmī orᅠ Brahmāṇi, Māheṡvarī, Kaumārī, Vaishṇavī, Vārāhī, Indrāṇ! orᅠ Aindrī orᅠ Mihendrī, Cāmuṇḍā;
sometimes 8, viz. Brāhmi, Māheṡvarī, Kaumāri, Vaishṇavī, Vārāhī, Raudrī, Carma-muṇḍā, Kāla-saṃpkarshiṇī;
sometimes 9, viz. Brahmāṇī, Vaishṇavī, Raudrī, Vārāhī, Nārasiṇhikā, Kaumāri, Māhendrī, Cāmuṇḍā, Caṇḍikā;
sometimes 16, viz. Gaurī, Padmā, Ṡacī, Medhā, Sāvitrī, Vijayā, Jayā, Deva-senā, Sva-dhā, Svāhā, Ṡānti, Pushṭi, Dhṛiti, Tushṭi, Ātma-devatā andᅠ Kula-devatā;
they are closely connected with the worship of Ṡiva andᅠ are described as attending on his son Skanda orᅠ Kārttikeya, to whom at first only 7 Mātṛis were assigned, but later an innumerable number;
alsoᅠ the 13 wives of Kaṡyapa are called, lokānāmmātaraḥ) MBh. R. Pur. Hcat. (RTL. 222 etc..) ;
(pl.) the 8 classes of female ancestors (viz. mothers, grandmothers, great-grandmothers, paternal andᅠ maternal aunts etc. Saṃskārak. ;
but the word « mother» is alsoᅠ applied to other female relatives andᅠ in familiar speech to elderly women generally);
N. of Lakshmī Bhartṛ. ;
of Durgā L. ;
of Dākshāyaṇi in certain places Cat. ;
accord. toᅠ L. alsoᅠ = a colocynth;
Salvinia Cucullata, Nardostachys Jatamansi, Sphaerantus Indicus;
air, space;
the lower mill-stone;
= vibhūti;
- revatī
+ cf. Gk. μάτηρ, μήτηρ;
Lat. mater;
Lith. mote;
Slav. mati;
Germ. muotar, ṉutter;
Eng. mother
-
33 मिथुन
mithunamithunámf (ā)n. paired, forming a pair;
m. a pair (male andᅠ female;
but alsoᅠ « any couple orᅠ pair» RV. etc. etc., usually du., in later language mostly n.;
ifc. f. ā);
n. pairing, copulation TS. etc. etc.;
a pair orᅠ couple (= m.;
but alsoᅠ « twins») MBh. ;
( alsoᅠ m.) the sign of the zodiac Gemini orᅠ the third arc of 30 degrees in a circle Sūryas. Var. Pur. ;
the other part, complement orᅠ companion of anything MBh. ( alsoᅠ applied to a kind of small statue at the entrance of a temple VarBṛS.);
honey andᅠ ghee L. ;
(in gram.) root compounded with a Preposition Siddh. ;
- मिथुनत्व
- मिथुनभाव
- मिथुनयमक
- मिथुनयोनि
- मिथुनव्रतिन्
-
34 मुच्
muc
2) cl. 6. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXVIII, 136 muñcáti, - te ( RV. alsoᅠ, mucánti, mucasva;
p. muñcāna MBh. ;
pf. mumóca, mumucé, Ved., alsoᅠ, mumócat, múmocati, mumucas, mumoktu, amumuktam;
aor. ámok AV. ;
Impv. mogdhí TĀr. ;
amauk Br. ;
ámucat AV. ;
amukshi, mukshata RV. AV. ;
Prec. mucīshta RV. ;
mukshīya ib. ;
fut., moktā, Kalid. ;
mokshyati, - te Br. etc.;
inf. moktum Br. etc.;
ind. p. muktvā́ ib., - múcya RV., mókam, Br.), to loose, let loose, free, let go, slacken, release, liberate from, (abl. orᅠ - tas);
Ā. andᅠ Pass. with abl. orᅠ instr., rarely with gen. « to free one's self, get rid of, escape from») RV. etc. etc. (with kaṇṭham, to relax the throat i.e. raise a cry;
with raṡmīn, to slacken the reins;
with prâ̱ṇān, to deprive of life, kill);
to spare, let live R. ;
to set free, allow to depart, dismiss, despatch to (loc. orᅠ dat.) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to relinquish, abandon, leave, quit, give up, set aside, depose ib. (with kalevaram, deham, prâ̱ṇān orᅠ jīvitam, to quit the body orᅠ give up the ghost i.e. to die);
to yield, grant, bestow Rājat. Campak.;
to send forth, shed, emit, utter, discharge, throw, cast, hurl, shoot at (« orᅠ upon» loc. dat., orᅠ acc. with orᅠ without prati;
with abl. andᅠ ātmānam, to throw one's self down from) Yājñ. MBh. R. etc.;
(Ā.) to put on Bhaṭṭ. ( Sch.):
Pass. mucyáte ( orᅠ múcyate, ep. alsoᅠ - ti andᅠ fut. mokshyati;
aor. ámoci), to be loosed, to be set free orᅠ released RV. etc. etc.;
to deliver one's self from, to get rid of, escape (esp. from sin orᅠ the bonds of existence) Mn. MBh. etc.;
to abstain from (abl.) Pañcat. ;
to be deprived orᅠ destitute of (instr.) MBh.:
Caus. mocayati (m. c. alsoᅠ - te;
aor. amūmucat), to cause to loose orᅠ let go orᅠ give up orᅠ discharge orᅠ shed (with two acc.) Megh. Bhaṭṭ. ;
to unloose, unyoke, unharness (horses) MBh. R. ;
to set free, liberate, absolve from (abl.) Mn. MBh. etc.;
to redeem (a pledge) Yājñ. ;
to open (a road) Prab. ;
to give away, spend, bestow MārkP. ;
to gladden, delight, yield enjoyment Dhātup. XXXIII, 66:
Desid. of Caus. mumocayishati, to wish to deliver (from the bondage of existence) Ṡaṃk. (cf. mumocayishu):
Desid. mumukshati, - te, (P.) to wish orᅠ be about to set free Pāṇ. 7-4, 57 Sch. ;
to be about to give up orᅠ relinquish (life) Kathās. ;
to wish orᅠ intend to cast orᅠ hurl Ragh. ;
(Ā.) to wish to free one's self Pāṇ. 7-4, 57 Sch. ;
to desire final liberation orᅠ beatitude RV. BhP. (cf. moksh):
Intens. momucyate orᅠ monokti
+ Gr. Cf.
Gk. μύσσω, μῦκος, μυκτής;
Lat. mungo, mucus
3) mfn. freeing orᅠ delivering from ( seeᅠ aṉho-m-);
letting go orᅠ letting fall, dropping, discharging, shooting, sending ( seeᅠ jala-, parṇa-, sāyaka-m- etc.);
f. deliverance ( seeᅠ a-múc)
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35 रुध्
rudh1) (cf. 1. ruh, of which this seems to be only another form) cl. 1. P. ródhati, to sprout, shoot, grow (only ródhati RV. VIII, 43, 6 ;
andᅠ viródhat, I, 67, 9 ;
accord. toᅠ some alsoᅠ p. rudhat I, 179, 4,
in nadásyarudhatáḥkā́maḥ, « the desire of the growing reed» i.e. of the membrum virile;
others, « of the husband who keeps me away», fr. 2. rudh;
cf. alsoᅠ nada)
2) cl. 7. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXIX, 1 ;
ruṇáddhi, runddhé (1. pl. - rudhmas AV. ;
rundhati, - te Br. etc.;
rodhati MBh. pf. rurodha, rurudhe RV. etc. etc.;
rurundhatuḥ MBh. ;
aor. araut AV. ;
arautsīt Br. etc.;
rotsīs Up. ;
arutsi, aruddha Br. Up. ;
arautsi AitBr. ;
arodham RV. ;
arudhma MaitrS. ;
p. rudhát cf. 1. rudh;
arudhat RV. etc. etc.;
Prec. rudhyāt Kāv. ;
fut. roddhā Gr.;
rotsyati, - te Br. etc. inf. roddhum orᅠ rodhitum MBh. ;
roddhos Br. ;
ind. p. ruddhvā MBh. etc.;
- rúdhya RV. etc. etc.;
- rundhya MBh. ;
- rúdham AV. Br. ;
- rúndham Br. ;
- rôdham ib.), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold RV. (always with na), etc. etc.;
to avert, keep off, repel Bhaṭṭ. (cf. rudhat under 1. rudh);
to shut, lock up, confine in (loc.) Mn. MBh. etc. (accord. toᅠ Vop. alsoᅠ with double acc.);
to besiege, blockade, invest Pat. MBh. etc.;
to close, block up (a path) R. ;
to cover, conceal, veil, obscure MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to stop up, fill ib. ;
to lay (dust) Ragh. ;
to touch, move (the heart) Bālar. ;
to torment, harass R. ;
to lose, be deprived of (acc.) TS. ṠBr. ;
to tear, rend asunder (?) AV. XIX, 29, 3:
Caus. rodhayati (ep. alsoᅠ - te andᅠ rundhayati;
aor. arūrudhat;
Pass. rodhyate), to stop, arrest MBh. ;
to cause to be confined by (acc.) Pañcar. ;
to cause to be besieged by (instr.) Ragh. ;
to close (with a cover orᅠ lid) Bhpr. ;
to fetter, enchain, influence BhP. ;
to oppress, torment, harass MBh. R.:
Desid. rorutsate ( Br.), - ti ( MBh.), to wish to obstruct etc.:
Intens. rorudhyate, roroddhi, to obstruct intensely orᅠ repeatedly etc. Gr. (only rorudhaḥ MBh.)
3) (ifc.) impeding, holding ( seeᅠ kara-r-)
4) prob. a root of this form once existed with a meaning « to be red»
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36 लभ्
labh(cf. rabh) cl. 1. Ā. Dhātup. XXIII, 6 ;
labhate (ep. alsoᅠ - ti andᅠ lambhate;
pf. lebhé, ep. alsoᅠ lalābha;
aor. alabdha, alapsata Br. ;
Prec. lapsīya Pāṇ. 8-2, 504 Sch. ;
fut. labdhā Gr.;
lapsyate, - ti Br. etc.;
labhishyati Kāv. ;
inf. labdhum MBh. ;
ind. p. labdhvā́ AV. etc.;
- labhya, - lambham Br. etc.;
lābham Pāṇ. 7-1, 69),
to take, seize, catch;
catch sight of, meet with, find Br. etc. etc. (with antaram, to find an opportunity, make an impression, be effective;
with avakāṡam, to find scope, be appropriate;
with kālam, to find the right time orᅠ moment);
to gain possession of, obtain, receive, conceive, get, receive (« from» abl.;
« as» acc.), recover ib. (with garbham, « to conceive an embryo», « become pregnant» ;
with padam, to obtain a footing);
to gain the power of (doing anything), succeed in, be permitted orᅠ allowed to (inf. orᅠ dat. e.g.. labhatedrashṭum, orᅠ darṡanāya, « he is able orᅠ allowed to seeᅠ») ChUp. MBh. etc.;
to possess, have Sāh. MārkP. ;
to perceive, know, understand, learn, find out Kathās. Kull.:
Pass. labhyáte (ep. alsoᅠ - ti;
aor. alābhi orᅠ alambhi, with prep. only alambhi;
cf. Pāṇ. 7-1, 69 Kāṡ.),
to be taken orᅠ caught orᅠ met with orᅠ found orᅠ got orᅠ obtained Br. etc. etc.;
to be allowed orᅠ permitted (inf. sometimes with pass. sense e.g.. nâ̱dharmolabhyatekartum, « injustice ought not to be done», cf. above) Kathās. ;
to follow, result Sāh. Sarvad. ;
to be comprehended by (abl.) Bhāshāp.:
Caus. lambhayati, - te (aor. alalambhat), to cause to take orᅠ receive orᅠ obtain, give, bestow (generally with two acc.;
rarely with acc. andᅠ instr. = to present with;
in Kir. II, 55 with two acc. andᅠ instr.;
cf. Vām. V, 2, 10) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
to get, procure (cf. lambhita);
to find out, discover Mn. VIII, 109 ;
to cause to suffer MW. ;
Desid. lípsate (m. c. alsoᅠ - ti TBr. līpsate), to wish to seize orᅠ take orᅠ catch orᅠ obtain orᅠ receive (with acc. orᅠ gen.;
« from» abl.) TBr. etc. etc.:
Intens. lālabhyate, lālambhīti orᅠ lālabdhi
+ Gr. Gk. λάφυρον, λαμβάνω;
Lat. labor;
Lith. lábas, lóbis
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37 वच्
vaccl. 2. P. Dhātup. XXIV, 55 ;
vakti (occurs only in sg. vacmi, vakshi, vakti, andᅠ Impv. vaktu;
Ved. alsoᅠ cl. 3. P. vívakti;
pf. uvā́ca, ūj RV. etc. etc.;
uváktha AV. ;
vavāca, vavakshé RV. ;
aor. avocat, - cata RV. etc. etc.;
in Veda alsoᅠ Subj. vocati, - te, vecāti;
Pot. vocét, - ceta;
Impv. vocatu;
Prec. ucyāsam Br. ;
fut. vaktā́ ib. etc.;
vakshyáti RV. etc. etc.;
- te MBh. ;
Cond. avakshyat Br. Up. ;
inf. vâ̱ktum Br. etc.;
- tave RV. ;
- tos Br. ;
ind. p. uktvā́ Br. etc.;
- úcya ib.), to speak, say, tell, utter, announce, declare, mention, proclaim, recite, describe (with acc. with orᅠ without prati dat. orᅠ gen. of pers., andᅠ acc. of thing;
often with double acc. e.g.. tamidaṉvākyamuvāca, « he spoke this speech to him» ;
with double acc. alsoᅠ, to name, call Ā. with nom;
« one's self» ;
with punar, « to speak again, repeat» ;
orᅠ « to answer, reply») RV. etc. etc.;
to reproach, revile (acc.) Hariv. R.:
Pass. ucyáte (aor. avāci, orᅠ in later language avoci), to be spoken orᅠ said orᅠ told orᅠ uttered etc. RV. etc. etc. ( yaducyate, « what the saying is»);
to resound RV. ;
to be called orᅠ accounted, be regarded as, pass for (nom. L. alsoᅠ loc.) Mn. MBh. etc.:
Caus. vācayati, - te (Pot. vācayīta AṡvGṛ. ;
aor. avīvacat;
Pass. vācyate), to cause to say orᅠ speak orᅠ recite orᅠ pronounce (with, double acc.;
often the object is to be supplied) Br. GṛS. MBh. etc.;
to cause anything written orᅠ printed to speak i.e. to read out loud Hariv. Kāv. Kathās. etc.;
Dhātup. XXXIV, 35 ;
to say, tell, declare Bhaṭṭ. ;
to promise MBh.:
Desid. vivakshati, - te (Pass. vivakshyate), to desire to say orᅠ speak orᅠ recite orᅠ proclaim orᅠ declare MBh. Kāv. etc.;
(Pass.) to be meant Saṃk. Sarvad.:
Intens. (only ávāvacīt) to call orᅠ cry aloud RV. X, 102, 6. ;
+ cf. Gk. ἐπ for γγεπ in ἐπος, εἶπον, ὄψ, ὄσσα etc.;
Lat. vocare, vox;
Germ. gi-waht, gi-wahinnen, er-woehnen
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38 वद्
vadcl. 1. P. Ā. Dhātup. XXIII, 40 ;
vádati, - te (ep. m. c. alsoᅠ vādati;
Pot. udeyam AV. ;
pf. uvāda pl. ūdimá RV. ;
ūde etc. Br. Up. ;
veditha, - dailuḥ, - duḥ Vop. ;
aor. avādīt, - dishuḥ RV. etc. etc.;
Subj. vādishaḥ AV. ;
avâ̱diran ib. ;
vadishma, - shihāḥ Br. ;
Prec. udyāt ib. ;
fut. vadishyáti, - te AV. etc.;
inf. váditos Br. ;
vaditum ib. etc.;
ind. p. uditvā GṛṠrS. ;
- udya Br.), to speak, say, utter, tell, report, speak to, talk with, address (P. orᅠ Ā.;
with acc. of the thing said, andᅠ acc. <with orᅠ without abhi> orᅠ gen., orᅠ loc. of the person addressed;
alsoᅠ followed by yad, « that», orᅠ by yadi, « whether») RV. etc. etc.;
(P.) to praise, recommend MBh. ;
to adjudge, adjudicate TS. BhP. ;
to indicate, designate VarBṛS. ;
to proclaim, announce, foretell, bespeak AṡvGṛ. MBh. Kāv. etc.. ;
to allege, affirm ib. ;
to declare (any one orᅠ anything) to be, call (two acc. orᅠ acc. andᅠ nom. with iti) AV. etc. etc.;
(with orᅠ scil. vācam) to raise the voice, sing, utter a cry (said of birds andᅠ 9.) RV. etc. etc.;
(Ā.) to say, tell, speak to (acc.) ṠBr. etc. etc.;
to mention, state, communicate, name TS. R. Hariv. ;
to confer orᅠ dispute about RV. TS. ;
to contend, quarrel ṠBr. ;
to lay claim to (loc.) AitBr. ;
to be an authority, be eminent in (loc.) Pāṇ. 1-3, 47 ;
to triumph, exult Bhaṭṭ.:
Pass. udyáte (aor. avādi), to be said orᅠ spoken etc. AV. etc. etc.:
Caus. vādáyati m. c. alsoᅠ - te (cf. Pāṇ. 1-3, 89 ;
aor. avīvadat;
Pass. vādyate, ep. alsoᅠ - ti), to cause to speak orᅠ say MBh. ;
to cause to sound, strike, play (with instr., rarely loc. of the instrument) ṠBr. MBh. etc.;
to play music MBh. R. Hariv. ;
(with bahu) to make much ado about one's self. Subh. ;
to cause a musical instrument (acc.) to be played by (instr.) Pāṇ. 1-1, 58 Vārtt. 2 Pat. ;
to speak, recite, rehearse Hariv.:
Desid. vivadishati, - te, to desire to speak, Br. Gobh.:
Intens. vā́vadīti ( RV. AV.), vāvadyáte, ( ṠBr.), vāvatti (Gr.), to speak orᅠ sound aloud. <Cf. Lit. vadínti.>
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39 वश्
vaṡcl. 2. P. Dhātup. XXIV, 71 ;
váshṭi, (1. pl. uṡmási, orᅠ ṡmasi RV. ;
3. pl. uṡánti ib. ;
p. uṡát, uṡāná andᅠ uṡámāna ib. ;
cl. 1. váṡati andᅠ cl. 3. vivashṭi < alsoᅠ vaváshṭi>, 2. sg. vavákshi ib. ;
pf. vāvaṡúḥ, - ṡe;
p. - ṡāná ib. ;
uvāṡa, ūṡuḥ Gr.;
aor. avǍṡīt ib. ;
2. sg. vaṡīh MBh. Prec. uṡyāt Gr.;
fut. vaṡitā, - ṡishyati ib.), to will, command (p. uṡámāna, « having at command») RV. AV. ;
to desire, wish, long for, be fond of, like ( alsoᅠ with inf.) RV. etc. etc. (p. uṡát andᅠ uṡāná, « willing, glad, eager, zealous, obedient» ;
the former with superl. uṡat-tama, alsoᅠ = charming, lovely BhP. <accord. toᅠ Sch. alsoᅠ = ṡuddha, dedīpyamāna, andᅠ sv-arcita>);
to aver, maintain, affirm, declare for (two acc.) MaitrUp. VarBṛS. BhP.:
Caus. vāṡayati (aor. avīvaṡat), to cause to desire etc.;
to get in one's power, subject Cat.:
Desid. vivaṡishati Gr. Intens. vāvaṡyate, vāvaṡīti, orᅠ vāvashṭi ib. ;
p. vāvaṡāná, « willing, eager» RV. ;
+ cf. Gk. ἑκών, for γγεκων, « willing»
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40 वाश्
vāṡcl. 4. Ā. Dhātup. XXVI, 54 ;
vāṡyate (ep. alsoᅠ vāṡyati, Ved. andᅠ ep. alsoᅠ vā́ṡati, - te;
pf. vavāṡe, - ṡire;
in RV. alsoᅠ vāvaṡre andᅠ p. vāvaṡāná;
aor. avāṡishṭa Br. ;
fut. vāṡitā, vāṡishyate Gr.;
ind. vāṡitum ib. ;
ind. p. vāṡitvā, - vāṡya VarBṛS.), to roar, howl, bellow, bleat, low (as a cow), cry, shriek, sing (like a bird), sound, resound RV. etc. etc.:
Caus. vāṡayati (aor. avavāṡat, in RV. alsoᅠ avīvaṡat, ávīvaṡanta), to cause to roar orᅠ low orᅠ resound orᅠ thunder RV. ;
(Ā.) to roar orᅠ sound aloud ib.:
Desid. vivāṡishate Gr.:
Intens. vāvāṡyate (v.l. rārāṡyate MBh.), vāvashṭi (impf. aor. ávāvaṡanta, vāvaṡanta, avāvaṡītām;
p. vā́vaṡat), to roar orᅠ scream orᅠ sound aloud RV. < vāṡ is sometimes wrongly written vās.>
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