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101 μηκάομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `meckern, bleat', of sheep, also of a hare and of a horse, in the formular verse κὰδ' δ' ἔπεσ' ἐν κονίῃσι μακών, of a deer, boar, also of a man (Phryn. PS, Procop., sch., H.)Other forms: μηκάζω (Nic.), perf. μέμηκα only in pret. ἐμέμηκον (ι 439), and in ptc. μεμηκώς (K 362), f. μεμακυῖαι (Δ 435), aor. ptc. μακών (P469, κ163).Derivatives: Here, after κεμάς and other animal names (cf. Risch $ 52 b; not from the late μηκάομαι), μηκάς f. `bleating', in Hom. only in plur. of αἶγες, later (S., E.) also of ἄρνες and subst. = αἴξ. Late derivv.: μηκ-ασμός (Plu., Poll.), - ηθμός (Opp.), -ή (Ael., Sch.) `bleating', - ητικός `bleating' (sch.).Origin: ONOM [onomatopoia, and other elementary formations] *mēk- `bleat'Etymology: The pair μέμηκα: μακεῖν ( μακών) agrees with λέληκα: λακεῖν (with comparable meaning), κέκραγα: κραγεῖν a.o.; to an old intensive perfect and an also old thematic aorist several presents were created: μηκάζω, - άομαι, λάσκω, κράζω etc.; cf. Schwyzer 683, 722 n. 2, 748, 770 a. 777, for Hom. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 389; 426; 438, on μακών also Leumann Hom. Wörter 235 n. 31. -- Onomatopoetic formation, starting from the sound-imitation μη (mē) and with many partly genetic, partly elementary cognate agreements, e.g. MHG meckatzen 'bleat', mecke `he-goat', Lith. mekčióti, mekénti `id.', Lat. miccīre `id.', Skt. (lex.) meka- m. `he-goat', Arm. mak'i `sheep'. -- WP. 2, 256, Pok. 715f., W.-Hofmann a. Fraenkel s. vv. - The relation μη̄-\/ μα- cannot be of IE date; so it must be analogical. Pok. 715 posits * mek- which cannot explain the Greek forms.Page in Frisk: 2,223-224Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μηκάομαι
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102 μῆριγξ
Grammatical information: ?Meaning: ἄκανθα γινομένη ἐν τοῖς ἐρίοις τῶν προβάτων H.;Derivatives: Besides σμῆριγξ πόα, καὶ εἶδος ἀκάνθης, σμήριγγες πλεκταί, σειραί. βόστρυχοι. καὶ τῶν κυνῶν ἐν τοῖς μηροῖς καὶ τοῖς αὑχέσιν ὀρθαὶ τρίχες H.; kind of hairdress (Lyc. 37, Poll. 2, 22).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: In the sense of ' πλεκταί, σειραί' σμῆριγξ agrees with μήρινθος (s. v.); the, as it seems, more usual meaning `breast v. t.' is however rather far off. It is therefore doubtful, whether the words, as was assumed (Chantraine Mél. Glotz [Paris 1932] 165, Schwyzer 498, v. Windekens Le Pelasgique 121), were originally connected; the supposedly ocasional(?) meaning `rope, string' may have been caused through the similarity with μήρινθος, μηρύω. The meaning ' ἐν τοῖς μηροῖς... τρίχες' will be an attempt to connect μῆριγξ with μηρός. -- No solution. Fur. 289 n. 78 separates the word = ἄκανθα from the others. Clearly a Pre-Greek word.Page in Frisk: 2,230Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῆριγξ
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103 νέω 1
νέω 1Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `swim' (Il.), ipf. ἔ-ννεον (Φ 11), aor. νεῦσαι, perf. νένευκα (Att.), fut. νεύσομαι (H.), - σοῦμαι (v. l. X. An. 4, 3, 12).Derivatives: νεῦσις f. `schwimming' (Arist.), ἀνάνευ-σις prop. "swimming up(ward)", `coming up, the living up' (LXX). -- Besides νήχω, usu. - ομαι (on the variation of diathesis Schwyzer-Debrunner 232), Dor. (Ps.-Theoc.) νά̄χω, - ομαι, fut. νήξομαι (ep. poet. Od.), aor. νήξασθαι (Plb., Lyc., AP), perf. midd. νενῆχθαι (Ath.), very often w. prefix (mostly midd.), e.g. παρα-, δια-, ἐκ-, ἐπι-, `swim'. From this νῆξις f. ` swimming' (Batr., Plu., medic.), διάνηξ-ις `swimming through' (Herm. ap. Stob.), νηχαλέος `swimming' (Xenocr.), after μυδαλέος a.o.Etymology: The present νή-χ-ω, νά-χ-ω, from which νήξομαι etc., has a velar enlargement of IE snā- in Skt. snā́-ti `bathes', Lat. nā-re `swim', OIr. snāim `swim, creep'; cf. σμῆ-ν: σμή-χ-ω etc. (Schwyzer 702; hypotheses on the aspect by Chantraine BSL 33, 81 ff., Gramm. hom. 1, 331.). The in vocalism deviating νέω, νεῦσαι agrees with πλέω: πλεῦσαι and can be a rhime-formation; verbal nouns with o-ablaut are supposed in νόα (rather with Bechtel Dial. 2, 378, Wackernagel Phil. 95, 178 = Kl. Schr. 2, 877 νοά) πηγή. Λάκωνες H. and in Νοῦς ποταμός (Arcadia, Asia Minor; cf. Schwyzer 310), a zero grade aorist in ἔννυθεν ἐκέχυντο H. (tradition correct?). Beside νήχω, νέω there is νάω `bubble up, stream' (s.v.). -- More hypotheses on IE snā-, snāu-, sneu- etc. (after Brugmann IF 20, 221 ff.) in WP. 2, 692ff., Pok. 971 ff., W.-Hofmann s. nō; also w. rich lit. Cf. νῆσος and νότος.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέω 1
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104 ὀφείλω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to owe, to have to pay, to be obliged, to be due' (IA., also Il.)Other forms: ὀφέλλω (Aeol., Arc., also Hom.), ὀφήλω (Cret., Arc., Arg.), aor. 1. ὀφειλ-ῆσαι, pass. - ηθῆναι, fut. - ήσω (hell. also - έσω), perf. ὠφείληκα (Att.), aor. 2. ὤφελον, ὄφελον (Il., Att.). Beside it ὀφρλισκάνω, fut. ὀφλ-ήσω, aor. 1. - ῆσαι, perf. ὤφληκα (Att.), ptc. dat. pl. Ϝοφληκόσι, 3. pl. [Ϝο]φλέασι (Arc.), aor. 2. ὀφλεῖν (IA.), also wit ἐπ-, προσ-, `to be guilty, to incur a punishment, to be sentenced'.Derivatives: A. From pres. ὀφείλω: ὀφειλ-έτης m., - έτις f. `debtor' (S., Pl.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 62 a. 241 f.) with - έσιον n. `small debt' (Eust.), - ημα n. (Th., Pl., Arist.; ὀφήλωμα [Cret.] after ἀνάλωμα), - ησις f. (pap. IIIa) `debt, indebted sum'; -ή f. `debt, leasing' (pap., NT). B. From the aorist ὀφλεῖν: ὄφλ-ημα n. (D., Arist., pap.), - ησις f. (LXX) `penalty, fine'; - ητής m. `debtor' (gloss.), ὀφλοί ὀφειλέται, ὀφειλαί H.Etymology: The system ὀφλεῖν: ὀφλισκ-άνω: ὀφλήσω: ὤφληκα agrees with (except for the enlarging - άνω; Schwyzer 700) the group εὑρεῖν: εὑρίσκω, εὑρήσω, εὕρηκα; to this came the aorist ὀφλῆσαι (Lys. a. late); also [Ϝο]φλέ-ασι has the same enlarged zero grade without second. κ. Beside this system built on a zero grade themat. aorist stands another, based on the full grade aorist ὤφελον, to which came the nasal present *ὀφέλ-νω ( \> ὀφείλω, ὀφέλλω, ὀφήλω) like ἔτεμον: τέμνω. As the formation of the present ὀφείλω became unclear through the phonetic development, it could become the basis of another system. Also semantically the formal pairs went different ways. -- An old problem provides Ϝο- which appears only in an Arc. inscription. While some, e.g. Brugmann IF 29, 241 (cf. on οἴγνυμι), want to see in it a prefix (to Lat. au-, vē-, Skt. áva `away (from)'; diff. Vollgraff Mél. Bq 2, 339), others are inclined, e.g. Solmsen KZ 34, 450f., Fraenkel Phil. 97, 162, to see Ϝο- as reversed writing for ὀ- (further in Schwyzer 226 n. 1). -- Further quite isolated and dark; an attempt to connect ὀφείλω etc. with ὀφέλλω `augment' in v. Windekens Ling.Posn. 8, 35 ff. -- On the explanation of the individual forms Schwyzer 709 and 746 w. n. 9 (partly diff.), also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 314 (w. lit.) a. 394;Page in Frisk: 2,450-451Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀφείλω
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105 πυθμήν
πυθμήν, - ένοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `bottom of a vessel, the sea etc., ground, base, underlay, foot, e.g. of a cup, plant, i.e. root-end, stick, stem' (ep. Il., hell. a. late prose), `the lowest number (base) of an arithmetic series' (Pl. a.o.).Compounds: Tately as 2. member e.g. ἀ-πύθμεν-ος `bottomless, footless' (Thphr.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 99); besides (gramm.) withou them. vowel ἀ-πύθμην `id.' (Theognost.) a.o.Derivatives: Dimin. πυθμέν-ιον n. (pap.), - ικός `belonging to the base', - έω `to form a base' (late).Etymology: Formation like λιμήν, ποιμήν (Schwyzer 522, Chantraine Form. 174; not productive). Except for the suffix πυθ-μήν agrees with Skt. budh-ná- m. `bottom, ground, foot, root', IE * bhudh-. Also morphologically these words can be brought together, if one derived budh-na- from * bhudh-mn-o- (the m was soon lost). In Germ. * bhudh- became PGm. * bud- (seen in OE bodan, MLG bōdem(e) etc.); then, after mn \> n, * bud-n- became * butt- \> bot(t)- according to Kluge's law (seen in OE botem \> Engl. bottom), ONord. botn); we also find evidence for PGm. * buÞ- (OHG bodam, OS bothme, ME bothme) which is as yet unexplained; see now G. Kroonen, ABäG 61(2006)xxx-xxx. Further removed is Lat. fundus `bottom etc.', with which MIr. bond, bonn `sole, basis' can be identical (IE * bhund(h)o-). The inner nasal is prob. connected with the nasalsuffix in * bhudh-no- and can be due to old metathesis, as corresponding forms appear also on Indo-Iran. territory, e.g. Av. bū̆na m. `ground, bottom' (from * bundna-?), Prākr. bundha- m. `bottom of a vase'; s. Mayrhofer s. budhnáḥ w. lit.; cf. also πύνδαξ (s.v.). -- Hypotheses in Bq and Ernout-Meillet s. fundus (after Vendryes MSL 18, 305 ff.); further rich lit. in W.-Hofmann s. fundus (WP. 2, 190, Pok. 174). On the meaning in gen. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 115ff. (against Porzig WuS 15, 112 f.); for Greek esp. Furumark Eranos 44, 45 ff. Though some details remain difficult, the reconstruction can hardly be doubted.Page in Frisk: 2,620-621Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πυθμήν
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106 ῥώομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to move intensively or with effort, to brisk about, to dance' (Il.).Other forms: almost only in 3. pl. ipf. a. aor. ῥώοντο, ἐρρώοντο, ἐρρώσαντο (ep. Il.), further, also ep., late a. rare ῥώετο (Nic.), ῥώονθ' (= - ται, D. P.), ῥώσονται (Call.), ἐπίρρωσαι (AP).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The evaluation of the above frozen forms depends on whether the imperfect- or the aorist was prior (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 365). In the last case the verb is primary (and to be connected with ῥῶσαι, ἔρρωμαι, ῥώννυμι?), in the first case however a lengthened deverhative, which formally better than semantically agrees with ῥέω (Schwyzer 349 a. 722); cf. the considerations on πλώω -- On ῥωσκομένως s. ῥώννυμι.Page in Frisk: 2,668Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥώομαι
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107 Д-331
HE БУДЬ ДУРАК (ДУРА) highly coll HE БУДЬ ДУРЁН (ДУРНА) substand (не будь + NP or AdjP NP or AdjP agrees with the subj, не будь is used with sing or pl subj detached modif fixed WO(of a person or animal) being intelligent enough to make a shrewd, timely decision regarding how to act in a given situation: (being) no fool(being) nobody' fool (being) no dummy (dumbbell)."...Пришёл (купец) и говорит: „Я такой-то и такой, хочу, когда смерть подберет, на вашем острову, на высоком яру быть похоронетым ( ungrammat = похороненным). А за то я поставлю вам церкву христовую". Мужики, не будь дураки, согласились» (Распутин 4). "...He came to them and said: 'I'm so-and-so, and when death takes me, I want to be buried on a high hill on your island. And I'll build you a Christian church for that.' The men, being no fools, agreed" (4a)....Он написал записку на склад, чтобы старухе выдали сколько надо пшена и масла. Старуха, не будь дура, отнесла записку не на склад, а в музей Революции, где получила такую сумму, что купила под Москвой домик, коровку... (Войнович 5). Не wrote a note to the storehouse ordering that the old woman be issued as much millet and butter as she needed. The old woman, no fool, did not take the note to the storehouse but to the Museum of the Revolution, where she sold it for enough money to buy herself a little house near Moscow and a cow... (5a). -
108 не будь дура
• НЕ БУДЬ ДУРАК (ДУРА) highly coll; НЕ БУДЬ ДУРЕН (ДУРНА) substand[не будь + NP or AdjP; NP or AdjP agrees with the subj, не будь is used with sing or pl subj; detached modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ (of a person or animal) being intelligent enough to make a shrewd, timely decision regarding how to act in a given situation:- (being) no dummy (dumbbell).♦ "... Пришёл [купец] и говорит: "Я такой-то и такой, хочу, когда смерть подберет, на вашем острову, на высоком яру быть похоронетым [ungrammat = похороненным]. А за то я поставлю вам церкву христовую". Мужики, не будь дураки, согласились" (Распутин 4). "...He came to them and said: 'I'm so-and-so, and when death takes me, I want to be buried on a high hill on your island. And I'll build you a Christian church for that.' The men, being no fools, agreed" (4a).♦...Он написал записку на склад, чтобы старухе выдали сколько надо пшена и масла. Старуха, не будь дура, отнесла записку не на склад, а в музей Революции, где получила такую сумму, что купила под Москвой домик, коровку... (Войнович 5). He wrote a note to the storehouse ordering that the old woman be issued as much millet and butter as she needed. The old woman, no fool, did not take the note to the storehouse but to the Museum of the Revolution, where she sold it for enough money to buy herself a little house near Moscow and a cow... (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не будь дура
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109 не будь дурак
• НЕ БУДЬ ДУРАК ( ДУРА) highly coll; НЕ БУДЬ ДУРЕН (ДУРНА) substand[не будь + NP or AdjP; NP or AdjP agrees with the subj, не будь is used with sing or pl subj; detached modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ (of a person or animal) being intelligent enough to make a shrewd, timely decision regarding how to act in a given situation:- (being) no dummy (dumbbell).♦ "... Пришёл [купец] и говорит: "Я такой-то и такой, хочу, когда смерть подберет, на вашем острову, на высоком яру быть похоронетым [ungrammat = похороненным]. А за то я поставлю вам церкву христовую". Мужики, не будь дураки, согласились" (Распутин 4). "...He came to them and said: 'I'm so-and-so, and when death takes me, I want to be buried on a high hill on your island. And I'll build you a Christian church for that.' The men, being no fools, agreed" (4a).♦...Он написал записку на склад, чтобы старухе выдали сколько надо пшена и масла. Старуха, не будь дура, отнесла записку не на склад, а в музей Революции, где получила такую сумму, что купила под Москвой домик, коровку... (Войнович 5). He wrote a note to the storehouse ordering that the old woman be issued as much millet and butter as she needed. The old woman, no fool, did not take the note to the storehouse but to the Museum of the Revolution, where she sold it for enough money to buy herself a little house near Moscow and a cow... (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не будь дурак
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110 не будь дурен
• НЕ БУДЬ ДУРАК (ДУРА) highly coll; НЕ БУДЬ ДУРЕН (ДУРНА) substand[не будь + NP or AdjP; NP or AdjP agrees with the subj, не будь is used with sing or pl subj; detached modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ (of a person or animal) being intelligent enough to make a shrewd, timely decision regarding how to act in a given situation:- (being) no dummy (dumbbell).♦ "... Пришёл [купец] и говорит: "Я такой-то и такой, хочу, когда смерть подберет, на вашем острову, на высоком яру быть похоронетым [ungrammat = похороненным]. А за то я поставлю вам церкву христовую". Мужики, не будь дураки, согласились" (Распутин 4). "...He came to them and said: 'I'm so-and-so, and when death takes me, I want to be buried on a high hill on your island. And I'll build you a Christian church for that.' The men, being no fools, agreed" (4a).♦...Он написал записку на склад, чтобы старухе выдали сколько надо пшена и масла. Старуха, не будь дура, отнесла записку не на склад, а в музей Революции, где получила такую сумму, что купила под Москвой домик, коровку... (Войнович 5). He wrote a note to the storehouse ordering that the old woman be issued as much millet and butter as she needed. The old woman, no fool, did not take the note to the storehouse but to the Museum of the Revolution, where she sold it for enough money to buy herself a little house near Moscow and a cow... (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не будь дурен
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111 не будь дурна
• НЕ БУДЬ ДУРАК (ДУРА) highly coll; НЕ БУДЬ ДУРЕН (ДУРНА) substand[не будь + NP or AdjP; NP or AdjP agrees with the subj, не будь is used with sing or pl subj; detached modif; fixed WO]=====⇒ (of a person or animal) being intelligent enough to make a shrewd, timely decision regarding how to act in a given situation:- (being) no dummy (dumbbell).♦ "... Пришёл [купец] и говорит: "Я такой-то и такой, хочу, когда смерть подберет, на вашем острову, на высоком яру быть похоронетым [ungrammat = похороненным]. А за то я поставлю вам церкву христовую". Мужики, не будь дураки, согласились" (Распутин 4). "...He came to them and said: 'I'm so-and-so, and when death takes me, I want to be buried on a high hill on your island. And I'll build you a Christian church for that.' The men, being no fools, agreed" (4a).♦...Он написал записку на склад, чтобы старухе выдали сколько надо пшена и масла. Старуха, не будь дура, отнесла записку не на склад, а в музей Революции, где получила такую сумму, что купила под Москвой домик, коровку... (Войнович 5). He wrote a note to the storehouse ordering that the old woman be issued as much millet and butter as she needed. The old woman, no fool, did not take the note to the storehouse but to the Museum of the Revolution, where she sold it for enough money to buy herself a little house near Moscow and a cow... (5a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > не будь дурна
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112 przytak|nąć
pf — przytak|iwać impf (przytaknęła, przytaknęli — przytakuję) vi (potwierdzić) to say yes; (skinąć głową) to nod- przytaknąć głową to nod (one’s head) in agreement- przytaknąć komuś to agree with sb- przytaknąć czyjemuś pomysłowi to say yes to sb’s idea- on zawsze wszystkim przytakuje (jest zgodny) he agrees with everybody; (jest uległy) he’s a yes-man pot., pejor.- „to prawda”, przytaknął ‘that’s right,’ he confirmedThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > przytak|nąć
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113 reata
(Sp. model spelled same [reáta] < reatar 'to retie' < atar 'to tie' < Latin aptare 'to adapt; to subject')Bentley: 1838. A rope, made of braided rawhide or leather, according to Blevins (who cites Mora). Watts notes it occasionally referred to a grass rope. Some sources list it as a synonym for lariat, but Clark indicates that the reata is much shorter than the lariat and is used for many purposes, but not for catching cattle. However, neither Watts nor Blevins agrees with Clark. They observe that reatas are made from four to eight strands of leather or rawhide (four being the most suitable for everyday work) and generally measure forty to sixty feet in length, with a diameter three-eighths inch being the most common. These are and were used for roping cattle and other chores. Referenced in the DRAE as a cord, strap, or rope used for tying, or a rope used especially for tying horses or mules in single file. Santamaría glosses it as a rope in general, but especially a rope of twisted fiber, used by charros in their profession.Alternate forms: riata, rieta, rietta.Also called a string. -
114 ἀγα-
Grammatical information: prefixDerivatives: ἄγαμαι `admire, envy', ἀγάομαι (Hes.), ἀγαίομαι (Od.), ἀγάζω (A.). ἄγη `admiration, envy' (Il.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [708] *meǵ-h₂- `great'Etymology: The same stem as μέγα-, PIE *m̥ǵh₂-. It agrees with Av. aš-, e.g. aš-aojah- `with great strength' (from zero grade *mǵs, Schindler, FS Hoenigswald 1987. 345). S. μέγας, ἄγαν.Page in Frisk: 1,5Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀγα-
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115 αὐτόματος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `self-acting, spontaneous' (Il.).Etymology: Old formation from αὐτός and the zero grade of the root of μέ-μον-α, μέ-μα-μεν, μέν-ος (s. vv.). - ματος agrees with the second element of Lat. com-mentus, and with Skt. matá-, Lith. miñtas `thought' etc. Cf. Chantr. Form. 303f., Schwyzer 502f..Page in Frisk: 1,191Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αὐτόματος
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116 δορκάς
δορκάς, - άδοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `a kind of deer, roe, gazelle' (Hdt. 7, 69).Derivatives: Other forms: δόρξ (Call.; acc. δόρκᾱ̆ν E. H. F. 376 [lyr.]; δόρκα Dindorf), δόρκος (Dsc.), δόρκων (LXX); also ζορκάς (Hdt. 4, 192), ζόρξ (Call.); ἴορκος (Opp.), ἴορκες, ἴυρκες (H.). - Diminutives: δορκάδιον (LXX, Delos IIIa), also a plant (André, Notes lexicogr. botanique s.v.); δορκαλίς (Call.; on - αλ-ιδ- Chantr. Form. 251f., 344); δορκαλῖδες `dies from the bones of..' (Herod.; on -ῑδ- s. Chantraine 346f.); δορκαλίδες ὄργανόν ἐστι κολαστικόν τε η μάστιγες αἱ ἀπὸΏ ἱμάντων δορκάδων Suidas; δορκάδε(ι)ος `made from the bones of..' ( ἀστράγαλος, Thphr., inscr., pap.; s. Schmid -εος und -ειος 52), δόρκειος (Theognost.), δόρκιος (Edict. Diocl.). - PN Δορκεύς etc., s. Boßhardt Die Nomina auf - ευς 130.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Celt.Etymology: Built like κεμάς etc., δορκάς, like δόρκος and δόρκων was derived from the root noun δόρξ. If we start from the forms with ζ-, the word agrees with a Celtic word for `roe', Corn. yorch, Bret. iourc'h `roe', Welsh iwrch `caprea mas', IE *i̯ork-o-. The δ-forms perh. folketymological after δέρκομαι. ἴορκος etc. may be Celtic (Galatic) LW [loanword]. - Sommer Lautst. 147f.Page in Frisk: 1,410Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δορκάς
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117 ζώ-ω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `live' (Il.).Other forms: Homer has only uncontracted forms: ζώω, ζωεις, ζώει, ζωέμεν, ζώοντ-. (*ζάω is a grammarians' construction.)Dialectal forms: Myc. PN zowo, zowijo, prob. \/zōwos, zōwios\/. - Cret. δώ-ω, Att. ζῶ, ζῃ̃ς, ζῃ̃, ζῶμεν etc.., ipf. ἔζων ( ἔζην), ἔζης, -η, inf. ζῆν, fut. ζήσω, - ομαι (beside βιώσομαι), aor. ζῆσαι, ζῶσαι, βιῶσαι), perf. ἔζηκα (Arist.), ptc. ἐζωκότα (Kyzikos) for βεβίωκα (Att.),Compounds: Sometimes with ἀνα-, δια-, ἐπι-. From ζωός: ΖωϜό-θεμις (Cyprus Va; Masson, Beitr. z. Namenforschung 8, 161ff.). ζωγράφος `painter' (without ι?).Derivatives: ζωή (Od.), also ζόη, Dor. ζωά, ζόα, Aeol. ζοΐα (Theoc.) `life'. 2. ζωός ( ζοός, ζώς) `alive' (Il.). ζώϊον, ζῳ̃ον (from ζώς; Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 7) `living being, animal'. ζώσιμος `viable' (late). ( ἀνά-)ζῆσις `reviving' ( Theol. Ar., Dam.). Άζησία (S. Fr. 981), Άζοσία (Epid.) surname of Demeter (? Fraenkel Lexis 3, 59f.)Etymology: Generally derived from a root *gʷiē-, which is impossible as the root was * gʷeih₃-\/ gʷieh₃- (s. βιω-); also the distribution could not be explained. This agrees with the fact that Homer has only (uncontracted) forms ζωε\/ο-. So Attic etc. ζῶ, ζῃ̃ς, ἔζησα must be innovations.Page in Frisk: 1,618-619Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζώ-ω
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118 λάβδα
Grammatical information: n. indecl.Meaning: the eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet (Att.); later (with sec. nasal) λάμβδα (Ar., Arist. as v. l.).Derivatives: λαβδακισμός m. `special use or pronunciation of the λ' (Quint.); cf. on ἰωτακισμός s. ἰῶτα.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.Etymology: From Semit.; cf. Hebr. lāmedh. Gr. λαβδ- agrees with Sem. lamb-; Schwyzer 140 n. 2, 826; Schulze Kl. Schr. 283 f. Doubts in Kretschmer Glotta 6, 307.Page in Frisk: 2,66Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λάβδα
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119 πραπίδες
Grammatical information: pl. (rare sg. - ίς) f.Meaning: `midriff', mostly as seat of intelligence and of feeling, `sense, mind' (ep. poet. Il.).Compounds: No compp. or derivv.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Formation in - ίς (like παρηΐς, σανίς, ἐλπίς, φροντίς) from an unknown base. Semantically unconvincing is the connection with the words for `body, shape' in Germ., e.g. OHG (h)rëf, OE hrif `body, abdomen, belly', Lat. corpus, Skt. kr̥p-ā́ (instr.) `shape, beauty' (since Havet MSL 6, 18; further lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 486f.). The comp. OE mid-hrif `midriff' of course proves nothing, as the meaning which agrees with πραπίδες depends on the 1. member mid- (cf. Brugmann IF 28, 363). Also phonetically this etymology is doubtful, as it requires initial kʷ. -- The isolated word may well be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,588-589Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πραπίδες
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120 πρώην
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `lately, the day before yesterday' (Il.).Other forms: πρῴην (Il.), πρῶν (Call. fr., Herod.), Dor. πρώαν, πρόαν, πρᾶν (Theoc.; on the phonetics Schwyzer 250)Compounds: As 1. member a.o. in πρῳηρότης m. `early plougher' (Hes.; like ὀψ-αρότης; s. ὀψέ); often in Thphr., e.g. πρωΐ-καρπος `with early fruit', comp. πρωϊκαρπό-τερος (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 162 f.).Derivatives: Besides πρωί̄ (Il.), Att. πρῴ (πρῳ̃, πρῶϊ) `early, in the morning'. -- Comp. forms: πρωΐ- ( πρῴ-)τερος, - τατος, usu. (after παλαί-τερος a.o.), - αίτερος, - αίτατος (IA.). Other derivv.: πρώϊος, πρῳ̃ος `at an early time' (Ο 470), πρωΐα f. `early time, morning' (Aristeas, NT; after ὀψία); for it youngatt. πρώ-ϊμος (X., Arist., pap. a. inscr.; Arbenz 76: ὄψιμος; also πρό-ϊμος after πρό); hell. -ϊνός (Chantraine Form. 200f.); πρωϊζά Adv. `the day before yesterday' (Β 303, to πρώην after χθιζά), `very early' (Theoc. 18, 9; to πρωΐ); πρωΐθεν `from early in the morning' (LXX).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [814] *prō `early, in the morning'Etymology: Both πρώην and πρωΐ presuppose an adv. *πρώ, which agrees with OHG fruo `early in the morning' and is confirmed by Skt. prā-tár `early, in the morning'. Formally identical also Lat. prō `for, before', Av. frā `forward, in front' beside fra = πρό (s.v.). -- As example of πρώην, -ᾱν may have served frozen acc. like δήν, δά̄ν, πλήν, πλά̄ν, ἀκμήν, unless one sees in these an old adj. in fem. acc.; πρῴην after πρῴ. Thus πρω-ΐ after locatives like ἦρι, πέρυσι, ἀντί; basic forms as *πρωϜαν, *πρωϜιαν, *πρωϜι (thus still Mezger Word 2, 231) are unnecessary and cannot be subtsantiated. To πρωΐ the adjective πρώϊ-ος (= OHG fruoi ' früh'; so fruo = πρωΐ?), which, taken as πρώ-ϊος, induced πρώ-ϊμος, - ινός (s. ab.). -- Further details in Schwyzer 621 f. and 461; older lit. in Bq and WP. 2, 36 (Pok. 814).Page in Frisk: 2,607-608Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πρώην
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