adulescentia+c

hūmānus (old form: HEMONA humana et HEMONEM hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. homo init.), a, um, adj. [homo], of or belonging to man, human.

In gen.:

esse aliquem humana specie et figura, qui tantum immanitate bestias vicerit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

simulacra,

id. Rep. 3, 9:

caput,

a human head, Hor. A. P. 1; Flor. 1, 7, 8: succidiae, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12: Cyclopis venter... Carnibus humanis distentus, human flesh, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 327 Vahl,):

humana qui dape pavit equas,

Ov. H. 9, 68:

Athenas obsidione et fame ad humanos cibos compulit,

Flor. 3, 5, 10:

hostiae,

human sacrifices, Cic. Font. 10 21; Tac. G. 9; Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82; Flor. 1, 16, 7:

lac,

human milk, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123:

nec distare humana carne suillam,

Juv. 14, 98:

carnibus humanis vesci,

id. 15, 13:

societas generis humani,

of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf.: eos (deos) non curare opinor quid agat humanum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 (Trag. v. 354 Vahl.); v. genus: ubi remissa humana vita corpus requiescat malis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 416 ib.); cf.: humanae vitae varia reputantes mala, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115; and Cic. Rep. 6, 18; in the comp.: ergo hercules vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88:

omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum,

Cic. Lael. 6, 20;

v. divinus: amor,

id. ib. 21, 81:

natura,

id. Rep. 1, 14:

virtus,

id. ib. 1, 7 fin.:

casus,

id. Lael. 2, 7:

cultus,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 33:

humanissima voluptas,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 127:

ignes,

i. e. which men daily use, Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 239:

dapes,

i. e. human excrements, id. 17, 9, 6, § 51:

memoria,

Tac. A. 11, 14:

ultra modum humanum,

id. ib. 11, 21:

humanum facinus factumst,

customary, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 8:

nec quisquam dixerit, in eo qui obdormivit, rem eum humanam et naturalem passum, Mos. et Rom. Coll. 12, 7, 7: major imago humana,

of superhuman size, Juv. 13, 222: humanum sacrificium dicebant, quod mortui causa fiebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 103 Müll.:

scelus,

committed against men, Liv. 3, 19 fin.; 29, 18 fin.: si quid mihi humanum contigerit, if any thing should happen to me, i. e. if I should die, Dig. 16, 3, 26 (for which, humanitus, q. v.):

persuasit nox, amor, vinum, adulescentia: Humanum'st,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 25: metum virgarum navarchus pretio redemit: humanum est;

alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit: usitatum est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 117; cf. Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 38; id. Ad. 3, 4, 25:

humano quodam modo,

Quint. 10, 3, 15: res humani juris, property (opp. res divini juris, things sacred or religious), Gai. Inst. 2, 2; 9 sqq.;

3, 97: ne vinum... esse sacrum incipiat et ex usibus eripiatur humanis,

Arn. adv. Gent. 7, 31.— As substt.

hūmāni, ōrum, m., men, mortals, Lucr. 3, 80; 837: natura humanis omnia sunt paria, Varr. ap. Non. 81, 10.—

hūmānum, i, n., that which is human, mortal, etc.: ignem magnum hic faciam. Dae. Quine ut humanum exuras tibi? Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 62:

non hercle humanust ergo: nam volturio plus humani credost,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 53:

si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

Liv. 5, 4, 9:

pulcher et humano major trabeaque decorus Romulus,

Ov. F. 2, 503 (but in Cic. Att. 13, 21, 5, homo is the true reading):

homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25:

Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mela, 1, 8, 10: si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset,

Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 16 Dietsch.—

Plur.: hūmā-na, ōrum, n., human affairs, the concerns of men, events of life:

qui omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt, tolerabilia ducat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 17; cf.:

despicientem omnia humana,

id. Rep. 1, 17; and:

haec caelestia semper spectato, illa humana contemnito,

id. ib. 6, 19:

si quicquam humanorum certi est,

Liv. 5, 33, 1:

deos esse et non neglegere humana,

id. 3, 56, 7.— Comp. (very rare):

respiratio humanior,

i. e. freer, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 2.

In partic.

Humane, philanthropic, kind, gentle, obliging, polite (syn.:

comis, urbanus): te esse humano ingenio existumo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 127:

Cyrum minorem Persarum regem et ceteris in rebus communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 59; cf.:

homo facillimus atque humanissimus,

id. Att. 16, 16, C, 12:

humani ingeni Mansuetique animi officia,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 86; cf.: quod ipse moderatissimi atque humanissimi fuit sensus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5:

Catonis (praeceptum) humanissimum utilissimumque,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 44 (cf. Cato, R. R. 4). —

Of good education, well-informed, learned, polite, refined: gentem quidem nullam video neque tam humanam atque doctam neque tam immanem atque barbaram, quae non significari futura posse censeat, Civ. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

homo doctissimus atque humanissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98:

homines periti et humani,

id. ib. 2, 5, 28, §

70: haec ego non possum dicere non esse hominis quamvis et belli et humani,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: Praxiteles nemini est paulum modo humaniori ignotus, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 16, 3 (eruditiori doctiorique, Gell.;

see the entire chap.): humanissimussermo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2.—Hence, adv. in two forms: hūmānē and hūmānĭter.

(Acc. to I.) Humanly, agreeably to human nature, in a manner becoming humanity.

Form humane:

vix humane patitur,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 65: intervalla vides humane commoda, i. e. exceedingly, charmingly commodious, [p. 870] Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 70:

morbos toleranter atque humane ferunt,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65.—

Form humaniter:

docebo profecto, quid sit humaniter vivere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

id. Att. 1, 2, 1.—

Comp.:

si qui forte, cum se in luctu esse vellent, aliquid fecerunt humanius, aut si hilarius locuti sunt,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64.—

In partic. (acc. to II. A.), humanely, pleasantly, courteously, kindly, gently, politely, etc.

Form humane: Hirtium aliquid ad te sumpathôs de me scripsisse facile patior:

fecit enim humane,

Cic. Att. 12, 44, 1.—

Form humaniter: invitus litteras tuas scinderem: ita sunt humaniter scriptae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 509, 21:

fecit humaniter Licinius,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1.—

Sup.:

quod se sua voluntate erga Caesarem humanissime diligentissimeque locutus esses,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20:

quam humanissime scribere,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6; 5, 20, 8; cf. Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:

ducem se itineris humanissime promisit,

Petr. 8.

hūmānus (old form: HEMONA humana et HEMONEM hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. homo init.), a, um, adj. [homo], of or belonging to man, human.

In gen.:

esse aliquem humana specie et figura, qui tantum immanitate bestias vicerit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

simulacra,

id. Rep. 3, 9:

caput,

a human head, Hor. A. P. 1; Flor. 1, 7, 8: succidiae, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12: Cyclopis venter... Carnibus humanis distentus, human flesh, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 327 Vahl,):

humana qui dape pavit equas,

Ov. H. 9, 68:

Athenas obsidione et fame ad humanos cibos compulit,

Flor. 3, 5, 10:

hostiae,

human sacrifices, Cic. Font. 10 21; Tac. G. 9; Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82; Flor. 1, 16, 7:

lac,

human milk, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123:

nec distare humana carne suillam,

Juv. 14, 98:

carnibus humanis vesci,

id. 15, 13:

societas generis humani,

of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf.: eos (deos) non curare opinor quid agat humanum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 (Trag. v. 354 Vahl.); v. genus: ubi remissa humana vita corpus requiescat malis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 416 ib.); cf.: humanae vitae varia reputantes mala, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115; and Cic. Rep. 6, 18; in the comp.: ergo hercules vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88:

omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum,

Cic. Lael. 6, 20;

v. divinus: amor,

id. ib. 21, 81:

natura,

id. Rep. 1, 14:

virtus,

id. ib. 1, 7 fin.:

casus,

id. Lael. 2, 7:

cultus,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 33:

humanissima voluptas,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 127:

ignes,

i. e. which men daily use, Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 239:

dapes,

i. e. human excrements, id. 17, 9, 6, § 51:

memoria,

Tac. A. 11, 14:

ultra modum humanum,

id. ib. 11, 21:

humanum facinus factumst,

customary, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 8:

nec quisquam dixerit, in eo qui obdormivit, rem eum humanam et naturalem passum, Mos. et Rom. Coll. 12, 7, 7: major imago humana,

of superhuman size, Juv. 13, 222: humanum sacrificium dicebant, quod mortui causa fiebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 103 Müll.:

scelus,

committed against men, Liv. 3, 19 fin.; 29, 18 fin.: si quid mihi humanum contigerit, if any thing should happen to me, i. e. if I should die, Dig. 16, 3, 26 (for which, humanitus, q. v.):

persuasit nox, amor, vinum, adulescentia: Humanum'st,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 25: metum virgarum navarchus pretio redemit: humanum est;

alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit: usitatum est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 117; cf. Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 38; id. Ad. 3, 4, 25:

humano quodam modo,

Quint. 10, 3, 15: res humani juris, property (opp. res divini juris, things sacred or religious), Gai. Inst. 2, 2; 9 sqq.;

3, 97: ne vinum... esse sacrum incipiat et ex usibus eripiatur humanis,

Arn. adv. Gent. 7, 31.— As substt.

hūmāni, ōrum, m., men, mortals, Lucr. 3, 80; 837: natura humanis omnia sunt paria, Varr. ap. Non. 81, 10.—

hūmānum, i, n., that which is human, mortal, etc.: ignem magnum hic faciam. Dae. Quine ut humanum exuras tibi? Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 62:

non hercle humanust ergo: nam volturio plus humani credost,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 53:

si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

Liv. 5, 4, 9:

pulcher et humano major trabeaque decorus Romulus,

Ov. F. 2, 503 (but in Cic. Att. 13, 21, 5, homo is the true reading):

homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25:

Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mela, 1, 8, 10: si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset,

Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 16 Dietsch.—

Plur.: hūmā-na, ōrum, n., human affairs, the concerns of men, events of life:

qui omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt, tolerabilia ducat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 17; cf.:

despicientem omnia humana,

id. Rep. 1, 17; and:

haec caelestia semper spectato, illa humana contemnito,

id. ib. 6, 19:

si quicquam humanorum certi est,

Liv. 5, 33, 1:

deos esse et non neglegere humana,

id. 3, 56, 7.— Comp. (very rare):

respiratio humanior,

i. e. freer, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 2.

In partic.

Humane, philanthropic, kind, gentle, obliging, polite (syn.:

comis, urbanus): te esse humano ingenio existumo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 127:

Cyrum minorem Persarum regem et ceteris in rebus communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 59; cf.:

homo facillimus atque humanissimus,

id. Att. 16, 16, C, 12:

humani ingeni Mansuetique animi officia,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 86; cf.: quod ipse moderatissimi atque humanissimi fuit sensus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5:

Catonis (praeceptum) humanissimum utilissimumque,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 44 (cf. Cato, R. R. 4). —

Of good education, well-informed, learned, polite, refined: gentem quidem nullam video neque tam humanam atque doctam neque tam immanem atque barbaram, quae non significari futura posse censeat, Civ. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

homo doctissimus atque humanissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98:

homines periti et humani,

id. ib. 2, 5, 28, §

70: haec ego non possum dicere non esse hominis quamvis et belli et humani,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: Praxiteles nemini est paulum modo humaniori ignotus, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 16, 3 (eruditiori doctiorique, Gell.;

see the entire chap.): humanissimussermo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2.—Hence, adv. in two forms: hūmānē and hūmānĭter.

(Acc. to I.) Humanly, agreeably to human nature, in a manner becoming humanity.

Form humane:

vix humane patitur,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 65: intervalla vides humane commoda, i. e. exceedingly, charmingly commodious, [p. 870] Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 70:

morbos toleranter atque humane ferunt,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65.—

Form humaniter:

docebo profecto, quid sit humaniter vivere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

id. Att. 1, 2, 1.—

Comp.:

si qui forte, cum se in luctu esse vellent, aliquid fecerunt humanius, aut si hilarius locuti sunt,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64.—

In partic. (acc. to II. A.), humanely, pleasantly, courteously, kindly, gently, politely, etc.

Form humane: Hirtium aliquid ad te sumpathôs de me scripsisse facile patior:

fecit enim humane,

Cic. Att. 12, 44, 1.—

Form humaniter: invitus litteras tuas scinderem: ita sunt humaniter scriptae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 509, 21:

fecit humaniter Licinius,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1.—

Sup.:

quod se sua voluntate erga Caesarem humanissime diligentissimeque locutus esses,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20:

quam humanissime scribere,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6; 5, 20, 8; cf. Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:

ducem se itineris humanissime promisit,

Petr. 8.

hūmānus (old form: HEMONA humana et HEMONEM hominem dicebant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 100 Müll.; cf. homo init.), a, um, adj. [homo], of or belonging to man, human.

In gen.:

esse aliquem humana specie et figura, qui tantum immanitate bestias vicerit, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

simulacra,

id. Rep. 3, 9:

caput,

a human head, Hor. A. P. 1; Flor. 1, 7, 8: succidiae, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12: Cyclopis venter... Carnibus humanis distentus, human flesh, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 870 P. (Ann. v. 327 Vahl,):

humana qui dape pavit equas,

Ov. H. 9, 68:

Athenas obsidione et fame ad humanos cibos compulit,

Flor. 3, 5, 10:

hostiae,

human sacrifices, Cic. Font. 10 21; Tac. G. 9; Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82; Flor. 1, 16, 7:

lac,

human milk, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123:

nec distare humana carne suillam,

Juv. 14, 98:

carnibus humanis vesci,

id. 15, 13:

societas generis humani,

of the human race, Cic. Lael. 5, 20; cf.: eos (deos) non curare opinor quid agat humanum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 50, 104 (Trag. v. 354 Vahl.); v. genus: ubi remissa humana vita corpus requiescat malis, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 416 ib.); cf.: humanae vitae varia reputantes mala, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115; and Cic. Rep. 6, 18; in the comp.: ergo hercules vita humanior sine sale non quit degere, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 88:

omnium divinarum humanarumque rerum,

Cic. Lael. 6, 20;

v. divinus: amor,

id. ib. 21, 81:

natura,

id. Rep. 1, 14:

virtus,

id. ib. 1, 7 fin.:

casus,

id. Lael. 2, 7:

cultus,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 33:

humanissima voluptas,

id. Ac. 2, 41, 127:

ignes,

i. e. which men daily use, Plin. 2, 107, 111, § 239:

dapes,

i. e. human excrements, id. 17, 9, 6, § 51:

memoria,

Tac. A. 11, 14:

ultra modum humanum,

id. ib. 11, 21:

humanum facinus factumst,

customary, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 8:

nec quisquam dixerit, in eo qui obdormivit, rem eum humanam et naturalem passum, Mos. et Rom. Coll. 12, 7, 7: major imago humana,

of superhuman size, Juv. 13, 222: humanum sacrificium dicebant, quod mortui causa fiebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 103 Müll.:

scelus,

committed against men, Liv. 3, 19 fin.; 29, 18 fin.: si quid mihi humanum contigerit, if any thing should happen to me, i. e. if I should die, Dig. 16, 3, 26 (for which, humanitus, q. v.):

persuasit nox, amor, vinum, adulescentia: Humanum'st,

Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 25: metum virgarum navarchus pretio redemit: humanum est;

alius, ne condemnaretur, pecuniam dedit: usitatum est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 117; cf. Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 38; id. Ad. 3, 4, 25:

humano quodam modo,

Quint. 10, 3, 15: res humani juris, property (opp. res divini juris, things sacred or religious), Gai. Inst. 2, 2; 9 sqq.;

3, 97: ne vinum... esse sacrum incipiat et ex usibus eripiatur humanis,

Arn. adv. Gent. 7, 31.— As substt.

hūmāni, ōrum, m., men, mortals, Lucr. 3, 80; 837: natura humanis omnia sunt paria, Varr. ap. Non. 81, 10.—

hūmānum, i, n., that which is human, mortal, etc.: ignem magnum hic faciam. Dae. Quine ut humanum exuras tibi? Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 62:

non hercle humanust ergo: nam volturio plus humani credost,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 53:

si quicquam in vobis non dico civilis sed humani esset,

Liv. 5, 4, 9:

pulcher et humano major trabeaque decorus Romulus,

Ov. F. 2, 503 (but in Cic. Att. 13, 21, 5, homo is the true reading):

homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 25:

Satyris praeter effigiem nihil humani, Mela, 1, 8, 10: si in Pompeio quid humani evenisset,

Sall. H. Fragm. 5, 16 Dietsch.—

Plur.: hūmā-na, ōrum, n., human affairs, the concerns of men, events of life:

qui omnia humana, quaecumque accidere possunt, tolerabilia ducat,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 17; cf.:

despicientem omnia humana,

id. Rep. 1, 17; and:

haec caelestia semper spectato, illa humana contemnito,

id. ib. 6, 19:

si quicquam humanorum certi est,

Liv. 5, 33, 1:

deos esse et non neglegere humana,

id. 3, 56, 7.— Comp. (very rare):

respiratio humanior,

i. e. freer, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 1, 2.

In partic.

Humane, philanthropic, kind, gentle, obliging, polite (syn.:

comis, urbanus): te esse humano ingenio existumo,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 127:

Cyrum minorem Persarum regem et ceteris in rebus communem erga Lysandrum atque humanum fuisse,

Cic. de Sen. 17, 59; cf.:

homo facillimus atque humanissimus,

id. Att. 16, 16, C, 12:

humani ingeni Mansuetique animi officia,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 86; cf.: quod ipse moderatissimi atque humanissimi fuit sensus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 5:

Catonis (praeceptum) humanissimum utilissimumque,

Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 44 (cf. Cato, R. R. 4). —

Of good education, well-informed, learned, polite, refined: gentem quidem nullam video neque tam humanam atque doctam neque tam immanem atque barbaram, quae non significari futura posse censeat, Civ. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

homo doctissimus atque humanissimus,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98:

homines periti et humani,

id. ib. 2, 5, 28, §

70: haec ego non possum dicere non esse hominis quamvis et belli et humani,

id. Fin. 2, 31, 102: Praxiteles nemini est paulum modo humaniori ignotus, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 16, 3 (eruditiori doctiorique, Gell.;

see the entire chap.): humanissimussermo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 10, 2.—Hence, adv. in two forms: hūmānē and hūmānĭter.

(Acc. to I.) Humanly, agreeably to human nature, in a manner becoming humanity.

Form humane:

vix humane patitur,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 65: intervalla vides humane commoda, i. e. exceedingly, charmingly commodious, [p. 870] Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 70:

morbos toleranter atque humane ferunt,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 65.—

Form humaniter:

docebo profecto, quid sit humaniter vivere,

Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 5:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

id. Att. 1, 2, 1.—

Comp.:

si qui forte, cum se in luctu esse vellent, aliquid fecerunt humanius, aut si hilarius locuti sunt,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64.—

In partic. (acc. to II. A.), humanely, pleasantly, courteously, kindly, gently, politely, etc.

Form humane: Hirtium aliquid ad te sumpathôs de me scripsisse facile patior:

fecit enim humane,

Cic. Att. 12, 44, 1.—

Form humaniter: invitus litteras tuas scinderem: ita sunt humaniter scriptae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 509, 21:

fecit humaniter Licinius,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1.—

Sup.:

quod se sua voluntate erga Caesarem humanissime diligentissimeque locutus esses,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6, § 20:

quam humanissime scribere,

id. Fam. 2, 17, 6; 5, 20, 8; cf. Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 3:

ducem se itineris humanissime promisit,

Petr. 8.

ĭbĭ̄, adv. [from the pronom. root I, is, with dat. ending as in tibi, sibi, in loc. sense as in ubi; cf. Sanscr. suffix bhjam; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 169], in that place, there, = entautha (cf. istic).

Lit., in space:

ibi cenavi atque ibi quievi in navi noctem perpetem,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 100;

tandem abii ad praetorem. Ibi vix requievi,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 6: nempe in foro? De. Ibi, id. As. 1, 1, 104:

in Asiam hinc abii, atque ibi, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 59:

Demaratus fugit Tarquinios Corintho et ibi suas fortunas constituit,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 109; Ov. M. 1, 316:

aedificabat in summa Velia: ibi alto atque munito loco arcem inexpugnabilem fore,

Liv. 2, 7, 6:

erit haec differentia inter hoc edictum et superius, quod ibi de eo damno praetor loquitur, etc.,

Dig. 47, 8, 4, § 6:

musca est meus pater... nec sacrum nec tam profanum quicquamst, quin ibi ilico adsit,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27:

ut illa, quae dicimus, non domo attulisse, sed ibi protinus sumpsisse videamur,

there, on the spot, Quint. 11, 2, 46; 4, 1, 54; 12, 9, 19:

in eo flumine pons erat. Ibi praesidium ponit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 47.—In common speech, sometimes pleonastic, with the name of a place:

in medio propter canalem, ibi ostentatores meri,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 15; 19; 22; id. Cist. 1, 1, 18; cf.:

illic ibi demum'st locus, ubi, etc.,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 3.—With corresp. relative adverbs, ubi, unde, etc.:

nam ubi tu profusus, ibi ego me pervelim sepultam,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 7:

nemo est, quin ubivis quam ibi, ubi est, esse malit,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 1; cf.:

ibi esse, ubi, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 10:

ubi tyrannus est, ibi... dicendum est plane nullam esse rem publicam,

id. Rep. 3, 31:

multa intelleges meliora apud nos multo esse facta quam ibi fuissent, unde huc translata essent,

id. ib. 2, 16.—So with quo loco, etc.:

quo loco maxime umor intus perseverabit, ibi pus proximum erit,

Cels. 8, 9; cf.:

quacumque equo invectus est, ibi haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant,

Liv. 8, 9, 12:

quo descenderant, ibi processerunt longe,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 5.—With gen.:

ibi loci terrarum orbe portis discluso,

Plin. 6, 11, 12, § 30.—Post-class. of vessels, etc., therein (= in eis):

qui sciens vasa vitiosa commodavit, si ibi infusum vinum est, etc.,

Dig. 13, 6, 18, § 3.—Post-class. and very rarely with verbs of motion (for eo):

et cum ibi venerimus,

there, thither, Dig. 1, 2, 1 fin.; cf. ibidem.—

Transf.

Of time, then, thereupon (mostly ante - class. and poet., but freq. in Liv.):

invocat deos inmortales: ibi continuo contonat Sonitu maxumo, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 41 sq.; cf.:

ubi... ibi,

ib. 11:

postquam... ibi,

ib. v. 39 sq.:

ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia circum,

Verg. A. 2, 792:

ibi infit, etc.,

Liv. 3, 71, 6:

nec moram ullam, quin ducat, dari: Ibi demum ita aegre tulit, ut, etc.,

then for the first time, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53: ibi postquam laborare aciem Calpurnius vidit, Liv. 39, 31, 4.—With cum:

ibi cum alii mores et instituta eorum eluderent,

Liv. 40, 5, 7:

ibi cum de re publica retulisset,

id. 22, 1, 4.—With corresp. ubi:

ille ubi miser famelicus videt, me tam facile victum quaerere, ibi homo coepit me obsecrare, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 30:

non voco (te patrem): Ubi voles pater esse, ibi esto,

Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 25.—Pleonastically with tum:

tum ibi nescio quis me arripit,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 352 Vahl.):

cum Aebutius Caecinae malum minaretur, ibi tum Caecinam postulasse, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.:

ibi nunc (colloq.),

Plaut. Am. prol. 135; id. Curc. 3, 68.—

Of other relations, there, in that matter, on that occasion, in that condition (class.): nolite ibi nimiam spem habere, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

numquid ego ibi peccavi?

Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 23:

at pol ego ibi sum, esse ubi miserum hominem decet,

id. Bacch. 5, 1, 21:

si quid est, quod ad testes reservet, ibi nos quoque paratiores reperiet,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

ibi fortunae veniam damus,

in that case, Juv. 11, 176:

huic ab adulescentia bella intestina, caedes, rapinae, discordia civilis grata fuere, ibique juventutem suam exercuit,

in these things, Sall. C. 5, 2; Quint. 2, 2, 12:

non poterat ibi esse quaestio,

id. 7, 1, 5:

subsensi illos ibi esse et id agere inter se clanculum,

to be at it, busy about it, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 63:

ibi esse,

id. ib. 5, 2, 30; cf.:

cecinere vates, cujus civitatis eam civis Dianae immolasset, ibi fore imperium,

i. e. in that state, Liv. 1, 45, 5:

ibi imperium fore, unde victoria fuerit,

id. 1, 24, 2:

et interdum in sanctionibus adicitur, ut qui ibi aliquid commisit, capite puniatur, i. e. in his sanctionibus,

Dig. 1, 8, 9, § 3.—

Of persons, in or with him or her (very rare): duxi uxorem;

quam ibi miseriam vidi!

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 13 (cf.: ibi inquit, quasi uxor locus sit, Don. ad loc.); cf.:

nil ibi majorum respectus,

Juv. 8, 64.—

Esp., law t. t.: tunc ibi, then and there, in the state of affairs then existing:

de eo, quaque ille tunc ibi habuit, tantummodo, intra annum... judicium dabo,

Dig. 43, 16, 1 praef.; cf.: ibi autem ait praetor, ut ne quis et quae illic non habuit, complectatur, ib. § 37 sq.

in (old forms endŏ and indŭ, freq. in ante-class. poets; cf. Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4; id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; Lucil. ap. Lact. 5, 9, 20; Lucr. 2, 1096; 5, 102; 6, 890 et saep.), prep. with abl. and acc. [kindr. with Sanscr. an; Greek en, en-tha, en-then, eis, i. e. en-s, ana; Goth. ana; Germ. in], denotes either rest or motion within or into a place or thing; opp. to ex; in, within, on, upon, among, at; into, to, towards.

With abl.

In space.

Lit., in (with abl. of the place or thing in which):

aliorum fructus in terra est, aliorum et extra,

Plin. 19, 4, 22, § 61:

alii in corde, alii in cerebro dixerunt animi esse sedem et locum,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19:

eo in rostris sedente suasit Serviliam legem Crassus,

id. Brut. 43, 161:

qui sunt cives in eadem re publica,

id. Rep. 1, 32 fin.:

facillimam in ea re publica esse concordiam, in qua idem conducat omnibus,

id. ib.:

T. Labienus ex loco superiore, quae res in nostris castris gererentur, conspicatus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4:

quod si in scaena, id est in contione verum valet, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 26, 97:

in foro palam Syracusis,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81:

plures in eo loco sine vulnere quam in proelio aut fuga intereunt,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35:

tulit de caede, quae in Appia via facta esset,

Cic. Mil. 6, 15:

in via fornicata,

Liv. 22, 36:

vigebat in illa domo mos patrius et disciplina,

Cic. de Sen. 11, 37:

in domo furtum factum ab eo qui domi fuit,

Quint. 5, 10, 16:

nupta in domo,

Liv. 6, 34, 9:

copias in castris continent,

in, within, Caes. B. C. 1, 66:

cum in angusto quodam pulpito stans diceret,

Quint. 11, 3, 130:

se ac suos in vehiculo conspici,

Liv. 5, 40, 10:

malo in illa tua sedecula sedere, quam in istorum sella curuli,

Cic. Att. 4, 10:

sedere in solio,

id. Fin. 2, 21, 66:

Albae constiterant, in urbe opportuna,

id. Phil. 4, 2, 6. —

Sometimes, also, with names of places: omnes se ultro sectari in Epheso memorat mulieres,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 182:

heri aliquot adolescentuli coiimus in Piraeo,

Ter. Eun. 3, 4, 1:

navis et in Cajeta est parata nobis et Brundisii,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 6:

complures (naves) in Hispali faciendas curavit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 18:

caesos in Marathone ac Salamine,

Quint. 12, 10, 24:

in Berenice urbe Troglodytarum,

Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 183.—

In indicating a multitude or number, of, in, or among which a person or thing is, in, among (= gen. part.):

in his poeta hic nomen profitetur suum,

Ter. Eun. prol. 3:

Thales, qui sapientissimus in septem fuit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 26:

peto ut eum complectare, diligas, in tuis habeas,

id. Fam. 13, 78, 2; cf.:

in perditis et desperatis,

id. ib. 13, 56, 1:

omnia quae secundum naturam fiunt, sunt habenda in bonis,

id. de Sen. 19, 71:

dolor in maximis malis ducitur,

id. Leg. 1, 11, 31:

justissimus unus in Teucris,

Verg. A. 2, 426:

cecidere in pugna ad duo milia... in his quatuor Romani centuriones,

Liv. 27, 12, 16:

in diis et feminae sunt,

Lact. 1, 16, 17.—

Of analogous relations of place or position:

sedere in equo,

on horseback, id. Verr. 2, 5, 10:

quid legati in equis,

id. Pis. 25, 60:

sedere in leone,

Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 109:

in eo flumine pons erat,

on, over, Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

in herboso Apidano,

on the banks of, Prop. 1, 3, 6:

in digitis,

on tiptoe, Val. Fl. 4, 267:

castra in limite locat,

on the rampart, Tac. A. 1, 50:

ipse coronam habebat unam in capite, alteram in collo,

on, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 11, § 27:

oleae in arbore,

Cels. 2, 24:

Caesaris in barbaris erat nomen obscurius,

among, Caes. B. C. 1, 61:

in ceteris nationibus, Cels. praef. 1: qui in Brutiis praeerat,

Liv. 25, 16, 7:

in juvenibus,

Quint. 11, 1, 32:

nutus in mutis pro sermone est,

id. 11, 3, 66.—Of dress, like cum, q. v.:

in veste candida,

Liv. 45, 20, 5; 34, 7, 3:

in calceis,

id. 24, 38, 2:

in insignibus,

id. 5, 41, 2:

in tunicis albis,

Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13:

in Persico et vulgari habitu,

Curt. 3, 3, 4:

in lugubri veste,

id. 10, 5, 17:

in Tyriis,

Ov. A. A. 2, 297:

in Cois,

id. ib. v. 298; cf.:

homines in catenis Romam mittere,

Liv. 29, 21, 12; 32, 1, 8: quis multa te in rosa urget, etc., Hor C. 1, 5, 1; so, in viola aut in rosa, Cic. Tusc. [p. 912] 5, 26, 73.—So of arms:

duas legiones in armis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 3, 395:

in armis hostis,

under arms, Ov. M. 12,65:

quae in ore atque in oculis provinciae gesta sunt (= coram),

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 33, § 81; so,

in oculis provinciae,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 2:

in oculis omnium,

id. ib. 1, 3, 7:

divitiae, decus, gloria in oculis sita sunt,

Sall. C. 20, 14; Curt. 4, 13, 1; Liv. 22, 12, 6:

Julianus in ore ejus (Vitellii) jugulatur,

Tac. H. 3, 77; Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 7.—Of a passage in any writing (but when the author is named, by meton., for his works, apud is used, Krebs, Antibarb. p. 561):

in populorum institutis aut legibus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42:

in illis libris qui sunt de natura deorum,

id. Fat. 1, 1:

in Timaeo dicit,

id. N. D. 1, 12, 30:

epistula, in qua omnia perscripta erant,

Nep. Pelop. 3, 2:

perscribit in litteris, hostes ab se discessisse,

Caes. B. G. 5, 49; but in is also used with an author's name when, not a place in his book, but a feature of his style, etc., is referred to:

in Thucydide orbem modo orationis desidero,

Cic. Or. 71, 234:

in Herodoto omnia leniter fluunt,

Quint. 9, 4, 18.—Of books:

libri oratorii diu in manibus fuerunt,

Cic. Att. 4, 13, 2; id. Lael. 25, 96; but more freq. trop.: in manibus habere, tenere, etc., to be engaged, occupied with, to have under control or within reach:

philosophi quamcunque rem habent in manibus,

id. Tusc. 5, 7, 18:

quam spem nunc habeat in manibus, exponam,

id. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

rem habere in manibus,

id. Att. 6, 3, 1; cf.:

neque mihi in manu fuit Jugurtha qualis foret,

in my power, Sall. J. 14, 4:

postquam nihil esse in manu sua respondebatur,

Liv. 32, 24, 2:

quod ipsorum in manu sit,... bellum an pacem malint,

Tac. A. 2, 46; but, cum tantum belli in manibus esset, was in hand, busied (cf.:

inter manus),

Liv. 4, 57, 1; so,

quorum epistulas in manu teneo,

Cic. Phil. 12, 4, 9; cf. id. Att. 2, 2, 2:

in manu poculum tenens,

id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:

coronati et lauream in manu tenentes,

Liv. 40, 37, 3; Suet. Claud. 15 fin. —Of that which is thought of as existing in the mind, memory, character, etc.:

in animo esse,

Cic. Fam. 14, 11:

in animo habere,

id. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:

lex est ratio insita in natura,

id. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

in memoria sedere,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

tacito mutos volvunt in pectore questus,

Luc. 1, 247:

quanta auctoritas fuit in C. Metello!

Cic. de Sen. 17, 61. —So freq. of a person's qualities of mind or character:

erat in eo summa eloquentia, summa fides,

Cic. Mur. 28, 58; cf.:

in omni animante est summum aliquid atque optimum, ut in equis,

id. Fin. 4, 41, 37:

si quid artis in medicis est,

Curt. 3, 5, 13; cf.:

nibil esse in morte timendum,

Lucr. 3, 866.— Esp., in eo loco, in that state or condition:

in eo enim loco res sunt nostrae, ut, etc.,

Liv. 7, 35, 7: si vos in eo loco essetis, quid aliud fecissetis? Cat. ap. Quint. 9, 2, 21; so,

quo in loco, etc.: cum ex equitum et calonum fuga, quo in loco res essent, cognovissent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26:

videtis, quo in loco res haec siet, Ter Phorm. 2, 4, 6: quod ipse, si in eodem loco esset, facturus fuerit,

Liv. 37, 14, 5.—Hence, without loco, in eo esse ut, etc., to be in such a condition, etc.:

non in eo esse Carthaginiensium res, ut Galliam armis obtineant,

Liv. 30, 19, 3:

cum res non in eo esset, ut Cyprum tentaret,

id. 33, 41, 9; 8, 27, 3; 2, 17, 5; Nep. Mil. 7, 3; id. Paus. 5, 1 (cf. I. C. 1. infra).—

In time, indicating its duration, in, during, in the course of:

feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia,

in my youth, when I was young, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 6:

in tempore hoc,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 24:

in hoc tempore,

Tac. A. 13, 47:

in tali tempore,

Sall. C. 48, 5; Liv. 22, 35; 24, 28 al.:

in diebus paucis,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 77:

in brevi spatio,

id. Heaut. 5, 2, 2; Suet. Vesp. 4:

in qua aetate,

Cic. Brut. 43 fin.:

in ea aetate,

Liv. 1, 57:

in omni aetate,

Cic. de Sen. 3, 9:

in aetate, qua jam Alexander orbem terrarum subegisset,

Suet. Caes. 7:

qua (sc. Iphigenia) nihil erat in eo quidem anno natum pulchrius,

in the course of, during the year, Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95 (al. eo quidem anno):

nihil in vita se simile fecisse,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 91: nihil in vita vidit calamitatis A. Cluentius. id. Clu. 6, 18:

in tota vita inconstans,

id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29.—

In tempore, at the right or proper time, in time (Cic. uses only tempore; v. tempus): eccum ipsum video in tempore huc se recipere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 24:

ni pedites equitesque in tempore subvenissent,

Liv. 33, 5:

spreta in tempore gloria interdum cumulatior redit,

id. 2, 47:

rebellaturi,

Tac. A. 12, 50:

atque adeo in ipso tempore eccum ipsum obviam,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 52: in tempore, opportune. Nos sine praepositione dicimus tempore et tempori, Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 4, 19.—

In praesentia and in praesenti, at present, now, at this moment, under these circumstances:

sic enim mihi in praesentia occurrit,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 14:

vestrae quidem cenae non solum in praesentia, sed etiam postero die jucundae sunt,

id. ib. 5, 35, 100:

id quod unum maxime in praesentia desiderabatur,

Liv. 21, 37:

haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut, etc.,

for the present, Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4.—

With gerunds and fut. pass. participles, to indicate duration of time, in:

fit, ut distrahatur in deliberando animus,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9; id. Fam. 2, 6, 2:

vitiosum esse in dividendo partem in genere numerare,

id. Fin. 2, 9, 26:

quod in litteris dandis praeter consuetudinem proxima nocte vigilarat,

id. Cat. 3, 3, 6:

ne in quaerendis suis pugnandi tempus dimitteret,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

in agris vastandis incendiisque faciendis hostibus,

in laying waste, id. ib. 5, 19:

in excidenda Numantia,

Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76:

cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset,

id. Or. 21, 74.—

In other relations, where a person or thing is thought of as in a certain condition, situation, or relation, in:

qui magno in aere alieno majores etiam possessiones habent,

Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

se in insperatis repentinisque pecuniis jactare,

id. Cat. 2, 9, 20:

Larinum in summo timore omnium cum armatis advolavit,

id. Clu. 8, 25.—

So freq., of qualities or states of mind: summa in sollicitudine ac timore Parthici belli,

Caes. B. C. 3, 31:

torpescentne dextrae in amentia illa?

Liv. 23, 9, 7:

hunc diem perpetuum in laetitia degere,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5; Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2:

in metu,

Tac. A. 14, 43:

in voluptate,

Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62:

alicui in amore esse,

beloved, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3:

alicui in amoribus esse,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12:

res in invidia erat,

Sall. J. 25, 5; Liv. 29, 37, 17: sum in expectatione omnium rerum, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 10:

num... Diogenem Stoicum coegit in suis studiis obmutescere senectus?

in his studies, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:

mirificam cepi voluptatem ex tua diligentia: quod in summis tuis occupationibus mihi tamen rei publicae statum per te notum esse voluisti,

even in, notwithstanding your great occupations, id. Fam. 3, 11, 4.—

So freq., of business, employment, occupations, etc.: in aliqua re versari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

similia iis, quae in consilio dixerat,

Curt. 5, 5, 23:

in certamine armorum atque in omni palaestra quid satis recte cavetur,

Quint. 9, 4, 8:

agi in judiciis,

id. 11, 1, 78:

tum vos mihi essetis in consilio,

Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28:

in actione... dicere,

Quint. 8, 2, 2.—Of an office, magistracy:

in quo tum magistratu forte Brutus erat,

Liv. 1, 59, 7; 4, 17, 1:

in eo magistratu pari diligentia se praebuit,

Nep. Han. 7, 5 (cf. B. 1. supra):

in ea ipsa causa fuit eloquentissimus,

Cic. Brut, 43, 160:

qui non defendit nec obsistit, si potest, injuriae, tam est in vitio, quam, etc.,

is in the wrong, acts wrongly, id. Off. 1, 7, 23:

etsi hoc quidem est in vitio, dissolutionem naturae tam valde perhorrescere,

is wrong, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31:

non sunt in eo genere tantae commoditates corporis,

id. ib. 4, 12, 29; cf.:

an omnino nulla sit in eo genere distinctio,

id. Or. 61, 205:

Drusus erat de praevaricatione absolutus in summa quatuor sententiis,

on the whole, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16; cf.:

et in omni summa, ut mones, valde me ad otium pacemque converto,

id. ib. 3, 5, 5;

but, in summa, sic maxime judex credit, etc.,

in a word, in fine, Quint. 9, 2, 72; Auct. B. Alex. 71; Just. 37, 1, 8:

horum (juvenum) inductio in parte simulacrum decurrentis exercitus erat: ex parte elegantioris exercitii quam militaris artis,

in part, Liv. 44, 9, 5; cf.:

quod mihi in parte verum videtur,

Quint. 2, 8, 6:

patronorum in parte expeditior, in parte difficilior interrogatio est,

id. 5, 7, 22:

hoc facere in eo homine consueverunt,

in the case of, Caes. B. G. 7, 21:

in furibus aerarii,

Sall. C. 52, 12:

Achilles talis in hoste fuit,

Verg. A. 2, 540:

in hoc homine saepe a me quaeris, etc.,

in the case of, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 6: in nominibus impiis, Sall. C. 51, 15:

suspectus et in morte matris fuit,

Suet. Vit. 14:

qui praesentes metuunt, in absentia hostes erunt, = absentes,

Curt. 6, 3, 8 (cf. I. B. c. supra).—Of the meaning of words, etc.:

non solum in eodem sensu, sed etiam in diverso, eadem verba contra,

Quint. 9, 3, 36:

aliter voces aut eaedem in diversa significatione ponuntur,

id. 9, 3, 69:

Sallustius in significatione ista non superesse sed superare dicit,

Gell. 1, 22, 15:

stips non dicitur in significatione trunci,

Charis. 1, 18, 39:

semper in significatione ea hortus,

Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 50. —

In with abl. of adjj. is used with the verbs esse and habere to express quality:

cum exitus haud in facili essent, i. e. haud faciles,

Liv. 3, 8, 9:

adeo moderatio tuendae libertatis in difficili est,

id. 3, 8, 11; 3, 65, 11; but mostly with adjj. of the first and second declension:

in obscuro esse, Liv. praef. § 3: in dubio esse,

id. 2, 3, 1; 3, 19, 8; Ov. H. 19, 174:

dum in dubiost animus,

Ter. And. 1, 5, 31; 2, 2, 10:

in integro esse,

Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3; id. Att. 11, 15, 4:

in incerto esse,

Liv. 5, 28, 5:

in obvio esse,

id. 37, 23, 1:

in tuto esse,

id. 38, 4, 10; cf.:

videre te in tuto,

Cat. 30, 6:

in aequo esse,

Liv. 39, 37, 14; Tac. A. 2, 44:

in expedito esse,

Curt. 4, 2, 22:

in proximo esse,

Quint. 1, 3, 4:

in aperto esse,

Sall. C. 5, 3:

in promisco esse,

Liv. 7, 17, 7:

in augusto esse,

Cels. 5, 27, 2:

in incerto haberi,

Sall. J. 46, 8; Tac. A. 15, 17:

in levi habitum,

id. H. 2, 21; cf.:

in incerto relinquere,

Liv. 5, 28, 5; Tac. H. 2, 83.

With acc.

In space, with verbs of motion, into or to a place or thing (rarely with names of towns and small islands;

v. Zumpt, Gram. § 398): influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 19:

in Ephesum advenit,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 35:

in Epirum venire,

Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3:

ibo in Piraeeum, visamque, ecquae advenerit in portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2: venio ad Piraeea, in quo magis reprehendendus sum, quod... Piraeea scripserim, non Piraeeum, quam in quod addiderim;

non enim hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10:

se contulisse Tarquinios, in urbem Etruriae florentissimam,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

remigrare in domum veterem e nova,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 13:

cum in sua rura venerunt,

id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102:

a te ipso missi in ultimas gentes,

id. Fam. 15, 9:

in Ubios legatos mittere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 11:

dein Thalam pervenit, in oppidum magnum et opulentum,

Sall. J. 75, 1:

Regillum antiquam in patriam se contulerat,

Liv. 3, 58, 1:

abire in exercitum,

Plaut. Am. prol. 102.— With nuntio:

cum id Zmyrnam in contionem nuntiatum est,

Tac. A. 4, 56:

nuntiatur in castra,

Lact. Most. Pers. 46; cf.:

allatis in castra nuntiis,

Tac. H. 4, 32: in manus sumere, tradere, etc., into one's hands:

iste unumquodque vas in manus sumere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63:

Falerios se in manus Romanis tradidisse,

Liv. 5, 27, 3.—Rarely with the verbs ponere, collocare, etc. (pregn., i. e. to bring into... and place there):

in crimen populo ponere,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 10:

ut liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas deponerent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

duplam pecuniam in thesauros reponi,

Liv. 29, 19, 7:

prius me collocavi in arborem,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 6:

sororem et propinquas suas nuptum in alias civitates collocasse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18.— Motion in any direction, up to, to, into, down to:

in caelum ascendere,

Cic. Lael. 23 fin.:

filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

tamquam in aram confugitis ad deum,

up to the altar, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 25:

Saturno tenebrosa in Tartara misso,

Ov. M. 1, 113:

in flumen deicere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 25, 70; Nep. Chab. 4, 3.—

Denoting mere direction towards a place or thing, and hence sometimes joined with versus, towards:

quid nunc supina sursum in caelum conspicis,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 78:

si in latus aut dextrum aut sinistrum, ut ipsi in usu est, cubat,

Cels. 2, 3:

Belgae spectant in septentriones et orientem solem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1:

in orientem Germaniae, in occidentem Hispaniae obtenditur, Gallis in meridiem etiam inspicitur,

Tac. Agr. 10:

in laevum prona nixus sedet Inachus urna,

Stat. Th. 2, 218.—With versus:

castra ex Biturigibus movet in Arvernos versus,

towards, Caes. B. G. 7, 8 fin.:

in Galliam versus movere,

Sall. C. 56, 4: in [p. 913] ltaliam versus, Front. Strat. 1, 4, 11:

si in urbem versus venturi erant,

Plin. Ep. 10, 82. —

So of that which is thought of as entering into the mind, memory, etc. (cf. I. A. 2. fin.):

in memoriam reducere,

Cic. Inv 1, 52, 98:

in animum inducere,

Liv. 27, 9:

in mentem venire,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3:

frequens imitatio transit in mores,

Quint. 1, 11, 3. —

Or into a writing or speech: in illam Metellinam orationem addidi quaedam,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 5.—

In time, into, till, for:

dormiet in lucem,

into the daylight, till broad day, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 34:

statim e somno, quem plerumque in diem extrahunt, lavantur,

Tac. G. 22: sermonem in multam noctem produximus, deep into the night, Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 239 Lindem.:

in multam noctem luxit,

Suet. Tib. 74:

si febris in noctem augetur,

Cels. 7, 27:

dixit in noctem atque etiam nocte illatis lucernis,

Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 14:

indutias in triginta annos impetraverunt,

for thirty years, Liv. 9, 37, 12; 7, 20, 8:

nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,

forever, Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1:

ad cenam hominem in hortos invitavit in posterum diem,

for the following day, id. Off. 3, 14, 58:

audistis auctionem constitutam in mensem Januarium,

id. Agr. 1, 2, 4:

subito reliquit annum suum seque in annum proximum transtulit,

id. Mil. 9, 24:

solis defectiones itemque lunae praedicuntur in multos annos,

for many years, id. Div. 2, 6, 17:

postero die Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie,

Liv. 27, 2:

qui ab matutino tempore duraverunt in occasum,

Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99:

seritur (semen lini) a Kalendis Octobribus in ortum aquilae,

Col. 2, 10, 17.—With usque:

neque illi didicerunt haec usque in senectutem,

Quint. 12, 11, 20:

in illum usque diem servati,

id. 8, 3, 68:

in serum usque patente cubiculo,

Suet. Oth. 11:

regnum trahat usque in tempora fati,

Sil. 11, 392: in posterum (posteritatem) or in futurum, in future, for the future: in praesens, for the present: in perpetuum or in aeternum, forever:

sancit in posterum, ne quis, etc.,

Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

res dilata est in posterum,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

video quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat,

id. Cat. 1, 9, 22:

id aegre et in praesentia hi passi et in futurum etiam metum ceperunt,

Liv. 34, 27, 10; cf.:

ingenti omnium et in praesens laetitia et in futurum spe,

id. 30, 17, 1:

effugis in futurum,

Tac. H. 1, 71:

quod eum tibi quaestoris in loco constitueras, idcirco tibi amicum in perpetuum fore putasti?

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30; cf.:

oppidum omni periculo in perpetuum liberavit,

id. Fam. 13, 4, 2:

quae (leges) non in tempus aliquod, sed perpetuae utilitatis causa in aeternum latae sunt,

Liv. 34, 6, 4: in tempus, for a while, for a short time, for the occasion (postAug.):

sensit miles in tempus conficta,

Tac. A. 1, 37:

ne urbs sine imperio esset, in tempus deligebatur, qui jus redderet,

id. ib. 6, 11:

scaena in tempus structa,

id. ib. 14, 20. —So in diem, for the day, to meet the day's want:

nihil ex raptis in diem commeatibus superabat,

Liv. 22, 40, 8:

rapto in diem frumento,

id. 4, 10, 1;

but, cum illa fundum emisset in diem,

i. e. a fixed day of payment, Nep. Att. 9, 5: in singulos dies, or simply in dies, with comparatives and verbs denoting increase, from day to day, daily:

vitium in dies crescit,

Vell. 2, 5, 2:

in dies singulos breviores litteras ad te mitto,

Cic. Att. 5, 7:

qui senescat in dies,

Liv. 22, 39, 15: in diem, daily:

nos in diem vivimus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 33:

in diem et horam,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 47;

and in horas,

hourly, id. C. 2, 13, 14; id. S. 2, 7, 10.—

In other relations, in which an aiming at, an inclining or striving towards a thing, is conceivable, on, about, respecting; towards, against; for, as; in, to; into:

id, quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum,

about the philosophers, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28:

Callimachi epigramma in Ambraciotam Cleombrotum est,

id. Tusc. 1, 34, 84; cf.:

cum cenaret Simonides apud Scopam cecinissetque id car men, quod in eum scripsisset, etc.,

id. de Or. 2, 86, 352:

quo amore tandem inflammati esse debemus in ejus modi patriam,

towards, id. ib. 1, 44, 196:

in liberos nostros indulgentia,

id. ib. 2, 40, 168:

de suis meritis in rem publicam aggressus est dicere,

id. Or. 38, 133: ita ad impietatem in deos, in homines adjunxit injuriam, against, id. N. D. 3, 34 fin.:

in dominum quaeri,

to be examined as a witness against, id. Mil. 22, 60:

in eos impetum facere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 1:

invehi in Thebanos,

Nep. Epam. 6, 1; id. Tim. 5, 3:

quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29:

num etiam in deos immortales inauspicatam legem valuisse?

Liv. 7, 6, 11:

vereor coram in os te laudare amplius,

to your face, Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 5:

si in me exerciturus (pugnos), quaeso, in parietem ut primum domes,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 168:

in puppim rediere rates,

Luc. 3, 545 Burm. (cf.:

sic equi dicuntur in frena redire, pulsi in terga recedere, Sulp. ad loc.): Cumis eam vidi: venerat enim in funus: cui funeri ego quoque operam dedi,

to the funeral, to take charge of the funeral, Cic. Att. 15, 1, B:

se quisque eum optabat, quem fortuna in id certamen legeret,

Liv. 21, 42, 2:

quodsi in nullius mercedem negotia eant, pauciora fore,

Tac. A. 11, 6:

haec civitas mulieri redimiculum praebeat, haec in collum, haec in crines,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33:

Rhegium quondam in praesidium missa legio,

Liv. 28, 28; so,

datae in praesidium cohortes,

Tac. H. 4, 35: hoc idem significat Graecus ille in eam sententiam versus, to this effect or purport, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25; cf. id. Fam. 9, 15, 4:

haec et in eam sententiam cum multa dixisset,

id. Att. 2, 22:

qui omnia sic exaequaverunt, ut in utramque partem ita paria redderent, uti nulla selectione uterentur,

id. Fin. 3, 4, 12:

in utramque partem disputat,

on both sides, for and against, id. Off. 3, 23, 89: te rogo, me tibi in omnes partes defendendum putes, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10 fin.:

facillime et in optimam partem cognoscuntur adulescentes, qui se ad claros et sapientes viros contulerunt,

id. Off. 2, 13, 46:

cives Romani servilem in modum cruciati et necati,

in the manner of slaves, Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13; cf.:

miserandum in modum milites populi Romani capti, necati sunt,

id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5:

senior quidam Veiens vaticinantis in modum cecinit,

Liv. 5, 15, 4;

also: domus et villae in urbium modum aedificatae,

Sall. C. 12, 3:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia legitima sint,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

judicium quin acciperet in ea ipsa verba quae Naevius edebat, non recusasse,

id. Quint. 20, 63; cf.:

senatusconsultum in haec verba factum,

Liv. 30, 43, 9:

pax data Philippo in has leges est,

id. 33, 30:

Gallia omnis divisa est in partes tres,

Caes. B. G. 1, 1; cf.:

quae quidem in confirmationem et reprehensionem dividuntur,

Cic. Part. Or. 9, 33: describebat censores binos in singulas civitates, i. e. for or over each state, id. Verr. 2, 2, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 26:

itaque Titurium Tolosae quaternos denarios in singulas vini amphoras portorii nomine exegisse,

id. Font. 5, 9:

extulit eum plebs sextantibus collatis in capita,

a head, for each person, Liv. 2, 33 fin.:

Macedonibus treceni nummi in capita statutum est pretium,

id. 32, 17, 2; cf.:

Thracia in Rhoemetalcen filium... inque liberos Cotyis dividitur (i. e. inter),

Tac. A. 2, 67.—

Of the object or end in view, regarded also as the motive of action or effect:

non te in me illiberalem, sed me in se neglegentem putabit,

Cic. Fam. 13, 1, 16:

neglegentior in patrem,

Just. 32, 3, 1:

in quem omnes intenderat curas,

Curt. 3, 1, 21:

quos ardere in proelia vidi,

Verg. A. 2, 347:

in bellum ardentes,

Manil. 4, 220:

nutante in fugam exercitu,

Flor. 3, 10, 4:

in hanc tam opimam mercedem agite ( = ut eam vobis paretis, Weissenb. ad loc.),

Liv. 21, 43, 7:

certa praemia, in quorum spem pugnarent,

id. 21, 45, 4:

in id sors dejecta,

id. 21, 42, 2:

in id fide accepta,

id. 28, 17, 9:

in spem pacis solutis animis,

id. 6, 11, 5 et saep.:

ingrata misero vita ducenda est in hoc, ut, etc.,

Hor. Epod. 17, 63:

nec in hoc adhibetur, ut, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 16, 3:

alius non in hoc, ut offenderet, facit, id. de Ira, 2, 26, 3: in quod tum missi?

Just. 38, 3, 4.—So, like ad, with words expressing affections or inclination of the mind:

in obsequium plus aequo pronus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10:

paratus in res novas,

Tac. H. 4, 32:

in utrumque paratus,

Verg. A. 2, 61.—

Of the result of an act or effort:

denique in familiae luctum atque in privignorum funus nupsit,

Cic. Clu. 66, 188:

paratusque miles, ut ordo agminis in aciem adsisteret,

Tac. A. 2, 16: excisum Euboicae latus ingens rupis in antrum, Verg. A. 6, 42:

portus ab Euroo fluctu curvatus in arcum,

id. ib. 3, 533:

populum in obsequia principum formavit,

Just. 3, 2, 9:

omnium partium decus in mercedem conruptum erat,

Sall. H. 1, 13 Dietsch:

commutari ex veris in falsa,

Cic. Fat. 9, 17; 9, 18:

in sollicitudinem versa fiducia est,

Curt. 3, 8, 20.—

Esp. in the phrase: in gratiam or in honorem, alicujus, in kindness, to show favor, out of good feeling, to show honor, etc., to any one (first in Liv.; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 28, 21, 4;

Krebs, Antibarb. p. 562): in gratiam levium sociorum injuriam facere,

Liv. 39, 26, 12:

pugnaturi in gratiam ducis,

id. 28, 21, 4:

quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,

id. 28, 39, 13; cf. id. 35, 2, 6; 26, 6, 16:

oratio habita in sexus honorem,

Quint. 1, 1, 6:

convivium in honorem victoriae,

id. 11, 2, 12:

in honorem Quadratillae,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 7:

in honorem tuum,

Sen. Ep. 20, 7; 79, 2; 92, 1; Vell. 2, 41 al.—

In the phrase, in rem esse, to be useful, to avail (cf.: e re esse;

opp.: contra rem esse): ut aequom est, quod in rem esse utrique arbitremur,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 10:

si in rem est Bacchidis,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 27; 2, 2, 7:

hortatur, imperat, quae in rem sunt,

Liv. 26, 44, 7:

cetera, quae cognosse in rem erat,

id. 22, 3, 2; 44, 19, 3:

in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

Sall. C. 20, 1; cf.:

in duas res magnas id usui fore,

Liv. 37, 15, 7:

in hos usus,

Verg. A. 4, 647.—

To form adverbial expressions:

non nominatim, qui Capuae, sed in universum qui usquam coissent, etc.,

in general, Liv. 9, 26, 8; cf.:

terra etsi aliquanto specie differt, in universum tamen aut silvis horrida aut paludibus foeda,

Tac. G. 5:

in universum aestimanti, etc.,

id. ib. 6:

aestate in totum, si fieri potest, abstinendum est (Venere),

wholly, entirely, Cels. 1, 3 fin.; cf. Col. 2, 1, 2:

in plenum dici potest, etc.,

fully, Plin. 16, 40, 79, § 217:

Marii virtutem in majus celebrare,

beyond due bounds, Sall. J. 73, 5:

aliter se corpus habere atque consuevit, neque in pejus tantum, sed etiam in melius,

for the worse, for the better, Cels. 2, 2:

in deterius,

Tac. A. 14, 43:

in mollius,

id. ib. 14, 39:

quid enim est iracundia in supervacuum tumultuante frigidius? Sen. de Ira, 2, 11: civitas saepta muris neque in barbarum corrupta (v. barbarus),

Tac. A. 6, 42; cf.:

aucto in barbarum cognomento,

id. H. 5, 2:

priusquam id sors cerneret, in incertum, ne quid gratia momenti faceret, in utramque provinciam decerni,

while the matter was uncertain, Liv. 43, 12, 2:

nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos In tantum spe tollet avos,

so much, Verg. A. 6, 876:

in tantum suam felicitatem virtutemque enituisse,

Liv. 22, 27, 4; cf.:

quaedam (aquae) fervent in tantum, ut non possint esse usui,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 24:

viri in tantum boni, in quantum humana simplicitas intellegi potest,

Vell. 2, 43, 4:

quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est, Traxit,

Ov. M. 11, 71:

meliore in omnia ingenio animoque quam fortuna usus,

in all respects, Vell. 2, 13:

ut simul in omnia paremur,

Quint. 11, 3, 25:

in antecessum dare,

beforehand, Sen. Ep. 118.—

Sometimes with esse, habere, etc., in is followed by the acc. (constr. pregn.), to indicate a direction, aim, purpose, etc. (but v. Madvig. Gram. § 230, obs. 2, note, who regards these accusatives as originating in errors of pronunciation); so, esse in potestatem alicujus, to come into and remain in one ' s power: esse in mentem alicui, to come into and be in one ' s mind: esse in conspectum, to appear to and be in sight: esse in usum, to come into use, be used, etc.:

quod, qui illam partem urbis tenerent, in eorum potestatem portum futurum intellegebant,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38:

ut portus in potestatem Locrensium esset,

Liv. 24, 1, 13; 2, 14, 4:

eam optimam rem publicam esse duco, quae sit in potestatem optimorum,

Cic. Leg. 3, 17:

neque enim sunt motus in nostram potestatem,

Quint. 6, 2, 29:

numero mihi in mentem fuit,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25; cf.:

ecquid in mentem est tibi?

id. Bacch. 1, 2, 53:

nec prius surrexisse ac militibus in conspectum fuisse, quam, etc.,

Suet. Aug. 16:

quod satis in usum fuit, sublato, ceterum omne incensum est,

Liv. 22, 20, 6: ab hospitibus clientibusque suis, ab exteris nationibus, quae in amicitiam populi Romani dicionemque essent, injurias propulsare, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66: adesse in senatum [p. 914] jussit a. d. XIII. Kal. Octobr., id. Phil. 5, 7, 19.—Less freq. with habere: facito in memoriam habeas tuam majorem filiam mihi te despondisse, call or bring to mind, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 108:

M. Minucium magistrum equitum, ne quid rei bellicae gereret, prope in custodiam habitum,

put in prison, kept in prison, Liv. 22, 25, 6:

reliquos in custodiam habitos,

Tac. H. 1, 87.—So rarely with other verbs:

pollicetur se provinciam Galliam retenturum in senatus populique Romani potestatem,

Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 8. —

In composition, n regularly becomes assimilated to a foll. l, m, or r, and is changed before the labials into m: illabor, immitto, irrumpo, imbibo, impello.—As to its meaning, according as it is connected with a verb of rest or motion, it conveys the idea of existence in a place or thing, or of motion, direction, or inclination into or to a place or thing: inesse; inhibere, inferre, impellere, etc. See Hand, Turs. III. pp. 243- 356.

in (before b and p, im; before l, m, and r, the n assimilates itself to these consonants), an inseparable particle [kindred with Sanscr. a-, an-; Gr. a-, an; Goth. and Germ. un-], which negatives the meaning of the noun or participle with which it is connected; Engl. un-, in-, not: impar, unequal: intolerabilis, unbearable, intolerable: immitis, not mild, rude, etc.

ĭn-ĕo, īvi and ĭi, ĭtum, īre (iniri only ap. Vop. Procul. 12, 7; fut. iniet, Sen. Ben. 21, 2), v. a. and n.

To go into, to enter a place (class.).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with acc., or with in and acc.

With acc.:

illius domum,

Cic. Deiot. 3, 8:

urbem,

Liv. 3, 24, 8:

Argolicas acies non ignarus ini (i. e. inii),

Stat. Th. 8, 107:

convivia,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52:

viam, iter,

to enter on a journey, id. Mur. 12, 26.— Pass.:

nemus nullis illud initur equis,

Ov. F. 3, 266:

(Hispania) prima Romanis inita provinciarum,

Liv. 28, 12, 12.—

With in and acc.:

in urbem,

Liv. 24, 9, 2.—

In partic., to know, in mal. part., Liv. 41, 13, 2: reginam, Drusillam, Anton. ap. Suet. Aug. 69:

feminae viros ineunt,

Sen. Ep. 95, 21;

so of animals,

to pair, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 9; Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 178.— Pass.:

vacca ab agresti tauro inita,

Liv. 41, 13, 2; cf.:

sic velut inita arbor fecundo semine fertilior exstat,

Col. 5, 9, 16.—

Trop., to enter upon, begin a business, an enterprise, occupation, office, etc.:

magistratum,

Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2:

consulatum,

Liv. 24, 9, 7:

imperium,

Suet. Tib. 67.— Pass.:

inito magistratu,

Liv. 36, 1, 1:

magnum et difficile certamen iniens,

Cic. Fin. 4, 12, 31; Curt. 4, 3, 12:

proelium,

id. Off. 1, 11, 37; Vell. 2, 55, 3; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vesp. 4:

pugnas,

Verg. A. 11, 912:

bellum,

Curt. 5, 9, 4.— Pass.:

bellum cum rege Philippo initum est,

Liv. 31, 5, 1; 36, 1, 5: numerum, to go into an enumeration, i. e. to enumerate, give the number:

numerus interfectorum haud facile iniri potuit,

Liv. 38, 23, 6:

numerus inibatur,

Caes. B. G. 7, 76: rationem, to make an estimate:

rationem inire oportet operarum, dierum,

Cato, R. R. 2, 2; cf.:

initā subductāque ratione,

Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71: inire rationem also freq. signifies, to calculate, consider, find out, devise, contrive:

rogo, ut adjuves ineasque rationem, quemadmodum ea mulier Romam perducatur,

id. Fam. 13, 28, 2:

mihi ineunda ratio, et via reperiunda est, qua ad Apronii quaestum possim pervenire,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 46. § 110: ut multa tam gravis depelleretur, a me inita ratio est. id. Fam. 5, 20, 4:

rationem de re,

id. Phil. 5, 19, 53:

ad hunc interficiendum talem iniit rationem,

Nep. Hann. 10, 3:

aestimationem,

to make an estimate, to estimate, value, Sen. Ben. 3, 8 fin.:

mensuram agrorum,

to take the measure of, to measure, survey, Col. 5, 3, 1: societatem cum aliquo, to enter into or form an association with a person, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 3; so of an alliance, Suet. Tib. 2:

bellum,

to take part in, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 37; Curt. 5, 9, 4:

pugnas,

to begin, Verg. A. 11, 912:

pugnam,

Vell. 1, 9, 3; 2, 55, 3:

indutias,

to conclude, make, Plin. Pan. 11, 5: consilium, to form a plan, Ov. F. 3, 380:

consilia inibat, quemadmodum a Gergovia discederet,

formed plans, considered, deliberated, Caes. B. G. 7, 43:

consilium facinoris contra vitam alicujus,

Cic. Deiot. 2, 4: gratiam, to get into the good graces, obtaĭn the favor of:

plures ineuntur gratiae, si, etc.,

the favor of many is gained, id. Brut. 57, 209:

gratiam ab aliquo,

Nep. Alcib. 9 fin.:

apud regem initam gratiam volebant,

Liv. 36, 5, 3:

summam gratiam a bonis omnibus,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 3: viam, to find out a way to do any thing:

ineamus viam aliquam, qua utri utris imperent, decerni possit,

Liv. 1, 23, 9:

suffragia, i. q. dare,

id. 3, 17, 4; 3, 25, 4:

inită aestate,

in the beginning of, Caes. B. G. 2, 2; 2, 35, 2; cf.:

inită hieme,

id. ib. 3, 7, 1.— Poet.:

somnum,

to fall asleep, Verg. E. 1, 56:

ipse ego paulisper pro te tua munera inibo,

to undertake, id. A. 5, 846:

formam vitae,

to enter upon a course of life, Tac. A. 1, 74:

teque adeo decus hoc aevi, te consule (puer), inibit, Pollio,

he will enter on this golden age during your consulship, Verg. E. 4, 11 Ladew.; cf. Forbig. ad loc.—

v. n. (= incipere), to make a beginning, to begin:

ex ineunte aevo,

Lucr. 5, 859; so,

ineunte vere,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35 fin.:

ineunte aestate,

id. Att. 4, 2, 6:

ab ineunte aetate,

id. de Or. 1, 21, 97:

ab ineunte adulescentia,

id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 4; Nep. Alcib. 2, 2; cf. id. Them. 1, 1 al.

insānĭo, īvi and ĭi, ītum ( imperf.:

insanibat,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 37), 4, v. n. [insanus], to be of unsound mind (syn.: furo, deliro, desipio).

Lit.

As a medic. t. t., to be mad, insane, of men, Cels. 3, 18, 66; 2, 7, 69 al.;

of animals,

Plin. 27, 11, 76, § 101.—

To be senseless, without reason, mad, insane:

insanire ex amore,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 53:

homo insanibat (for insaniebat),

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 37:

usque eo est commotus, ut insanire omnibus ac furere videretur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

insanire tibi videris, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 21, 1:

nisi ego insanio,

id. Att. 7, 10:

ex injuria,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 43; Liv. 7, 39:

cum ratione,

Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 18:

certa ratione modoque,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 271. —

Transf., to act like a madman, to rage, rave:

quid opus fuit hoc, hospes, sumptu tanto, nostra gratia? Insanivisti hercle,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 160:

amavi equidem olim in adulescentia: Verum ad hoc exemplum numquam ut nunc insanio,

id. Merc. 2, 1, 40:

insanire libet quoniam tibi,

Verg. E. 3, 36:

manu,

i. e. in battle, Stat. Th. 3, 668.— Of speech;

dicendi genus. quod... specie libertatis insanit,

Quint. 12, 10, 73.—Of a rage for building, Auct. Her. 4, 50, 63.—

With acc.: errorem. Hor. S. 2, 3, 63:

sollemnia,

id. Ep. 1, [p. 962] 1, 101:

amores alicujus,

to be madly in love with one, Prop. 2, 34, 25 (3, 32, 25 M.):

hilarem insaniam insanire,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 12. —

With in and acc.:

in libertinas,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 49.—

With abl.:

qua me stultitia insanire putas?

Hor. S. 2, 3, 302.—

Pass. impers.:

insanitur a patre,

Sen. Contr. 2, 9.

in-tempĕrans, antis, adj., intemper, ate, immoderate.

Lit.:

intemperans atque immoderata permixtio,

App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 11.— Comp., Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6, 3.—

Trop.

That cannot govern himself, without moderation, extravagant, immoderate, intemperate:

intemperantis esse arbitror scribere, quod occultari velit,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1:

fui paulo intemperantior fortasse, quam debui,

i. e. I ought to have exhibited more moderation, id. Vatin. 1:

intemperans sum in ejus rei cupiditate,

id. Att. 13, 26:

intemperans militaris in forti viro gloria,

id. Tusc. 2, 17:

in augendo eo non alius intemperantior est,

Liv. 36, 38:

avidi atque intemperantes animi,

id. 24, 25:

in voluptates,

Sen. Ira, 1, 3:

ad vescendum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 6.—

Incontinent, profligate, debauched:

inter impudicas mulieres, et intemperantes viros versari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 160:

libidinosa et intemperans adulescentia,

id. de Sen. 9, 29:

impurissima atque intemperantissima pecus,

id. Pis. 29.— Adv.: intempĕranter, immoderately, extravagantly, intemperately:

nimis iracunde hoc quidem, et valde intemperanter,

Cic. Phil. 1, 5: intemperanter abuti et otio et litteris, [p. 975] id. Tusc. 1, 3:

lacerare aliquem,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

ne intemperantius opibus suis utatur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 18:

insequi,

Liv. 31, 37:

amare,

Plin. Pan. 68: adesse adversus aliquem. Suet. Claud. 38.— Sup.:

intemperantissime gloriari,

App. Mag. p. 321, 33.

in-tempĕrans, antis, adj., intemper, ate, immoderate.

Lit.:

intemperans atque immoderata permixtio,

App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 11.— Comp., Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 6, 3.—

Trop.

That cannot govern himself, without moderation, extravagant, immoderate, intemperate:

intemperantis esse arbitror scribere, quod occultari velit,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1:

fui paulo intemperantior fortasse, quam debui,

i. e. I ought to have exhibited more moderation, id. Vatin. 1:

intemperans sum in ejus rei cupiditate,

id. Att. 13, 26:

intemperans militaris in forti viro gloria,

id. Tusc. 2, 17:

in augendo eo non alius intemperantior est,

Liv. 36, 38:

avidi atque intemperantes animi,

id. 24, 25:

in voluptates,

Sen. Ira, 1, 3:

ad vescendum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 6.—

Incontinent, profligate, debauched:

inter impudicas mulieres, et intemperantes viros versari,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 160:

libidinosa et intemperans adulescentia,

id. de Sen. 9, 29:

impurissima atque intemperantissima pecus,

id. Pis. 29.— Adv.: intempĕranter, immoderately, extravagantly, intemperately:

nimis iracunde hoc quidem, et valde intemperanter,

Cic. Phil. 1, 5: intemperanter abuti et otio et litteris, [p. 975] id. Tusc. 1, 3:

lacerare aliquem,

Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

ne intemperantius opibus suis utatur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 18:

insequi,

Liv. 31, 37:

amare,

Plin. Pan. 68: adesse adversus aliquem. Suet. Claud. 38.— Sup.:

intemperantissime gloriari,

App. Mag. p. 321, 33.

ĭtĭdem, adv. [ita; suffix -dem for diem; cf. pridem, etc.], in like manner, so, just, in the same way.

As correl. (cf. item).

With ut:

itidem, uti catapultae solent,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 12:

ut filium bonum patri esse oportet, itidem ego sum patri,

id. Am. 3, 4, 9; 2, 2, 79; id. Capt. 2, 2, 11; id. Truc. 4, 2, 36; id. Aul. 2, 2, 37:

atque eas itidem fallam, ut ab illis fallimur,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 94:

floriferis ut apes in saltibus omnia libant, omnia nos itidem depascimur aurea dicta,

Lucr. 3, 12.—

With quasi:

quasi piscis, itidem est amator lenae,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 26:

itidem olent, quasi quom una multa jura confudit cocus,

id. Most. 1, 3, 119; id. Capt. 5, 4, 5; id. Rud. 3, 2, 46.—

Absol.:

(cf.: pariter, una, etiam): illa autem virgo atque altera itidem ancillula, Plaud. Rud. prol. 74: feci ego istaec itidem in adulescentia,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 6:

nimis similist mihi, Itidem habet petasum ac vestitum,

id. Am. 1, 1, 286:

jube me vinciri ilico, dum istic itidem vinciatur,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 76:

temperantia in suas itidem res, et in communes distributa est,

Cic. Part. 22:

exsectum a filio Caelum, vinctum itidem a filio Saturnum,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 62.

līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).

In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.

Absol.:

dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

ad scribendi licentiam liber,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

agri immunes ac liberi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

libera lingua,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

cor liberum,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

Liv. 35, 32, 6:

libera verba animi proferre,

Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

id. Brut. 67, 236:

libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

mandata,

full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

fenus,

unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

locus,

free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

lectulus,

i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

vestis,

id. ib. 3, 777:

libera omnia sibi servare,

to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

liberiores litterae,

id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

paulo liberior sententia,

Quint. 4, 2, 121:

liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

id. 7, 2, 14:

fusiores liberioresque numeri,

id. 9, 4, 130:

officia liberiora plenioraque,

id. 6, 1, 9:

(flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

(Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

liberiore frui caelo,

freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

liberrime Lolli,

most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

indignatio,

id. Epod. 4, 10.—

Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

(consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

ab observando homine perverso liber,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

id. Att. 15, 16, B:

libera a ferro crura,

Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

Sall. C. 4.—

With abl.:

animus omni liber curā et angore,

free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

animus religione,

Liv. 2, 36:

animus cogitationibus aliis,

Quint. 11, 2, 35:

mens omnibus vitiis,

id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

id. 5, 11, 37:

omni liber metu,

Liv. 7, 34:

liber invidia,

Quint. 12, 11, 7:

equus carcere,

Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—

With gen. ( poet.):

liber laborum,

Hor. A. P. 212:

fati gens Lydia,

Verg. A. 10, 154:

curarum,

Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

liberior campi,

having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—

Liberum est, with subject-clause:

quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

dies eligere certos liberum erat,

Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

Tac. A. 3, 60.

In partic.

Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

id. Top. 2, 10:

quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—

Free, in a political point of view;

said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

liber populus,

id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

(Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

civitates liberae atque immunes,

free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

provinciae civitatesque liberae,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

libera ac foederata oppida,

id. Calig. 3:

Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

Juv. 8, 244.—

In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

adulescens imprudens et liber,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

sit adulescentia liberior,

somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

amores soluti et liberi,

id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

consuetudo peccandi,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

respirare,

id. Quint. 11, 39:

constanter et libere (me gessi),

id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

consilium dare,

id. Lael. 13, 44:

aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

omnia libere fingimus et impune,

Quint. 6, 1, 43:

ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

loqui,

Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

fortius liberiusque defendere,

Quint. 12, 1, 21:

liberius si Dixero quid,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

maledicere,

id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.

līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

but also: liberorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.

Sing. (post-class. and rare):

si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—

Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).

Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

cum conjugibus et liberis,

Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

liberos procreare,

id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

suscipere liberos,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

per liberos te precor,

Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

dulces,

id. ib. 2, 40:

parvuli,

Quint. 2, 15, 8;

opp. parentes,

id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

Gell. 1, 12, 8:

uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

habitus sis in liberum loco,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—

Esp.

Of sons (opp. daughters):

procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

Hyg. Fab. 9.—

Of children in gen. = pueri:

praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—

Transf., of animals, young:

liberis orbas oves,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.

Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

Liber et alma Ceres,

Verg. G. 1, 7:

ex aede Liberi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

in a pun with 1. liber,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

Romulus et Liber pater,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

per vestigia Liberi patris,

Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

Col. 3, 21, 3:

Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—

Meton., wine:

illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

id. S. 1, 4, 89.

lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.

Lit.

In gen.:

obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

colligatae libris (arundines),

Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

Verg. G. 2, 77:

natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

quam denso fascia libro,

Juv. 6, 263.—

Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,

Transf.

Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—

Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

Demetrii liber de concordia,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

id. de Sen. 15, 54:

libros pervolutare,

id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

evolvere,

id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

volvere,

id. Brut. 87, 298:

legere,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

edere,

id. Fat. 1, 1:

libri confectio,

id. de Sen. 1, 1:

tempus ad libros vacuum,

id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

cujus (Platonis) in libris,

id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

in Graecorum libris,

id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

Juv. 3, 41:

actorum libri,

the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—

In partic.

A division of a work a look:

tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

hi tres libri (de Officiis),

id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

sermo in novem libros distributus,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

dictum est in libro superiore,

id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

id. 6, 3, 86:

liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

in T. Livii primo,

Quint. 9, 2, 37:

in tertio de Oratore,

id. 9, 1, 26:

legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—

In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

decemviris adire libros jussis,

i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

ut in libris est Etruscorum,

id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

caerimoniarum,

rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—

A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—

A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—

A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).

In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.

Absol.:

dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

ad scribendi licentiam liber,

id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

agri immunes ac liberi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

libera lingua,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

cor liberum,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

Liv. 35, 32, 6:

libera verba animi proferre,

Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

id. Brut. 67, 236:

libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

mandata,

full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

fenus,

unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

locus,

free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

lectulus,

i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

vestis,

id. ib. 3, 777:

libera omnia sibi servare,

to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

liberiores litterae,

id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

paulo liberior sententia,

Quint. 4, 2, 121:

liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

id. 7, 2, 14:

fusiores liberioresque numeri,

id. 9, 4, 130:

officia liberiora plenioraque,

id. 6, 1, 9:

(flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

(Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

liberiore frui caelo,

freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

liberrime Lolli,

most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

indignatio,

id. Epod. 4, 10.—

Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

(consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

ab observando homine perverso liber,

id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

id. Att. 15, 16, B:

libera a ferro crura,

Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

Sall. C. 4.—

With abl.:

animus omni liber curā et angore,

free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

animus religione,

Liv. 2, 36:

animus cogitationibus aliis,

Quint. 11, 2, 35:

mens omnibus vitiis,

id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

id. 5, 11, 37:

omni liber metu,

Liv. 7, 34:

liber invidia,

Quint. 12, 11, 7:

equus carcere,

Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—

With gen. ( poet.):

liber laborum,

Hor. A. P. 212:

fati gens Lydia,

Verg. A. 10, 154:

curarum,

Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

liberior campi,

having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—

Liberum est, with subject-clause:

quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

dies eligere certos liberum erat,

Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

Tac. A. 3, 60.

In partic.

Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

id. Top. 2, 10:

quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—

Free, in a political point of view;

said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

liber populus,

id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

(Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

civitates liberae atque immunes,

free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

provinciae civitatesque liberae,

Suet. Vesp. 8:

libera ac foederata oppida,

id. Calig. 3:

Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

Juv. 8, 244.—

In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

adulescens imprudens et liber,

Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

sit adulescentia liberior,

somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

amores soluti et liberi,

id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

consuetudo peccandi,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

respirare,

id. Quint. 11, 39:

constanter et libere (me gessi),

id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

consilium dare,

id. Lael. 13, 44:

aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

omnia libere fingimus et impune,

Quint. 6, 1, 43:

ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

loqui,

Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

fortius liberiusque defendere,

Quint. 12, 1, 21:

liberius si Dixero quid,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

maledicere,

id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.

līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

but also: liberorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.

Sing. (post-class. and rare):

si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—

Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).

Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

cum conjugibus et liberis,

Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

liberos procreare,

id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

suscipere liberos,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

per liberos te precor,

Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

dulces,

id. ib. 2, 40:

parvuli,

Quint. 2, 15, 8;

opp. parentes,

id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

Gell. 1, 12, 8:

uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

habitus sis in liberum loco,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—

Esp.

Of sons (opp. daughters):

procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

Hyg. Fab. 9.—

Of children in gen. = pueri:

praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—

Transf., of animals, young:

liberis orbas oves,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.

Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

Liber et alma Ceres,

Verg. G. 1, 7:

ex aede Liberi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

in a pun with 1. liber,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

Romulus et Liber pater,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

per vestigia Liberi patris,

Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

Col. 3, 21, 3:

Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—

Meton., wine:

illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

id. S. 1, 4, 89.

lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.

Lit.

In gen.:

obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

colligatae libris (arundines),

Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

Verg. G. 2, 77:

natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

quam denso fascia libro,

Juv. 6, 263.—

Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,

Transf.

Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—

Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

Demetrii liber de concordia,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

id. de Sen. 15, 54:

libros pervolutare,

id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

evolvere,

id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

volvere,

id. Brut. 87, 298:

legere,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

edere,

id. Fat. 1, 1:

libri confectio,

id. de Sen. 1, 1:

tempus ad libros vacuum,

id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

cujus (Platonis) in libris,

id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

in Graecorum libris,

id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

Juv. 3, 41:

actorum libri,

the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—

In partic.

A division of a work a look:

tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

hi tres libri (de Officiis),

id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

sermo in novem libros distributus,

id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

dictum est in libro superiore,

id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

id. 6, 3, 86:

liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

in T. Livii primo,

Quint. 9, 2, 37:

in tertio de Oratore,

id. 9, 1, 26:

legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—

In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

decemviris adire libros jussis,

i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

ut in libris est Etruscorum,

id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

caerimoniarum,

rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—

A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—

A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—

A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

lĭbīdĭnōsus ( lŭbīd-), a, um, adj. [libido], full of desire, passion, or lust, selfwilled, licentious, sensual, lustful, voluptuous, libidinous.

Lit. (in a bad sense), Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. 491, 16 (Rep. 2, 41, 68 Mos.):

homo libidinosissimus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192:

nihil (isto) luxuriosius, nihil libidinosius,

id. Pis. 27, 66:

libidinosior es quam ullus spado,

Quint. 6, 3, 64:

caper,

lecherous, Hor. Epod. 10, 23.—Of inanim. and abstr. things: libidinosissimae liberationes, arbitrary, self-willed, Cic. Pis. 36, 87:

libidinosae voluptates,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

libidinosa et intemperans adulescentia,

id. de Sen. 9, 29:

fortuna varia et libidinosa,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 10:

pretia,

extravagant, Col. 10 praef. §

2: libidinosam liberalitatem debiti nomine colorare,

Val. Max. 8, 2, 2. —Of speech, licentious, wanton:

eloquentia,

Quint. 5, 12, 20.—

In a good sense, eager, longing for a thing (post-class.):

libidinosus eloquentiae et gloriae,

Tert. Apol. 48; id. Virg. Vel. 13:

suae sapientiae,

id. Res. Carn. 32.—Hence, adv.: lĭbīdĭ-nōsē, according to one's pleasure or caprice, wilfully, wantonly:

quae ille libidinose, quae nefarie, quae crudeliter fecerit,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38:

ne quid libidinose aut facias aut cogites,

id. Off. 1, 4, 14; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

libidinose crudeliterque consulere in aliquem,

Liv. 3, 63.— Comp.:

libidinosius saevire,

Tert. Monog. 16 fin.

lĭbīdĭnōsus ( lŭbīd-), a, um, adj. [libido], full of desire, passion, or lust, selfwilled, licentious, sensual, lustful, voluptuous, libidinous.

Lit. (in a bad sense), Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. 491, 16 (Rep. 2, 41, 68 Mos.):

homo libidinosissimus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192:

nihil (isto) luxuriosius, nihil libidinosius,

id. Pis. 27, 66:

libidinosior es quam ullus spado,

Quint. 6, 3, 64:

caper,

lecherous, Hor. Epod. 10, 23.—Of inanim. and abstr. things: libidinosissimae liberationes, arbitrary, self-willed, Cic. Pis. 36, 87:

libidinosae voluptates,

id. Fin. 1, 18, 59:

libidinosa et intemperans adulescentia,

id. de Sen. 9, 29:

fortuna varia et libidinosa,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 10:

pretia,

extravagant, Col. 10 praef. §

2: libidinosam liberalitatem debiti nomine colorare,

Val. Max. 8, 2, 2. —Of speech, licentious, wanton:

eloquentia,

Quint. 5, 12, 20.—

In a good sense, eager, longing for a thing (post-class.):

libidinosus eloquentiae et gloriae,

Tert. Apol. 48; id. Virg. Vel. 13:

suae sapientiae,

id. Res. Carn. 32.—Hence, adv.: lĭbīdĭ-nōsē, according to one's pleasure or caprice, wilfully, wantonly:

quae ille libidinose, quae nefarie, quae crudeliter fecerit,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38:

ne quid libidinose aut facias aut cogites,

id. Off. 1, 4, 14; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

libidinose crudeliterque consulere in aliquem,

Liv. 3, 63.— Comp.:

libidinosius saevire,

Tert. Monog. 16 fin.

măcŭlōsus, a, um, adj. [id.], full of spots, spotted, speckled, dappled, mottled, variegated.

Lit.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

maculosae tegmine lyncis,

Verg. A. 1, 323:

color,

Col. 6, 37, 6:

marmor,

Plin. 36, 6, 5, § 44:

luna,

id. 2, 9, 6, § 46:

corium,

variegated, striped, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 30.—

In partic., in a bad sense, spotted, blotted, stained, defiled:

vestis Pompeii non multa, eaque maculosa,

Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 73:

maculosae sanguine harenae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 395:

litora suffusas quod habet maculosa lituras,

id. Tr. 3, 1, 15. —

Trop., defiled, polluted, filthy:

senatores,

in bad repute, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:

maculosas commodat aedes,

Juv. 7, 40:

vir omni dedecore,

Tac. H. 3, 38:

avaritia et libidine foedus ac maculosus,

id. H. 1, 7:

adulescentia,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 11:

nefas,

unnatural, abominable, Hor. C. 4, 5, 22.—

* Comp.:

maculosiora quam nutricis pallium,

Front. de Or. 3 Mai.

neglĕgo (less correctly neglĭgo and neclĕgo), exi, ectum, 3 ( perf subj. neglegerit, acc. to the form of the simple verb, Aem. Mac. ap. Diom. 366 P.; and id. ap. Prisc. p. 895 P.; also, acc. to the best MSS., [p. 1198] in Sall. J. 40, 1, neglegisset; v. Kritz and Fabri, ad h. l.), v. a. [nec-lego] (qs. not to pick up, i. e.), to not heed, not trouble one's self about, not attend to, to slight, neglect, be regardless of, indifferent to; constr. with acc. or an object-clause; rarely with de or absol.

In gen., opp. to curare (cf. desum):

si mandatum neglecturus es,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

maculam judiciorum,

id. Clu. 47, 130:

rem familiarem neglegebat,

Nep. Them. 1, 2:

neglectis urenda filix innascitur agris,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 37.—

With an object-clause:

erus quod imperavit, neglexisti persequi,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 39:

diem edicti obire neglexit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 20. —

With de:

de Theopompo negleximus,

Cic. Phil. 13, 16, 33.—

In partic., to make light of, not to care for, to slight, despise, disregard, contemn, neglect (syn.:

despicio, sperno, contemno, fastidio): qui periculum fortunarum et capitis sui pro meā salute neglexit,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

tantam pecuniam captam,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 94, § 218:

cum et bellum ita necessarium sit, ut neglegi non possit,

id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

legem,

id. Vatin. 2, 5:

minas,

id. Quint. 30, 92:

imperium alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7:

injurias alicujus,

to pass over, overlook, id. ib. 1, 36:

iram alicujus,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 97:

deos,

Sall. C. 10, 4:

se semper credunt neglegi, i. e. contemni,

Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 16.—

With an objectclause:

verba verbis quasi coagmentare neglegat,

neglect, disdain, Cic. Or. 23, 77:

Theopompum, expulsum a Trebonio, confugere Alexandriam neglexistis,

id. Phil. 13, 16, 33:

fraudem committere,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Tib. 2, 6, 37.—

With a foll. ne:

neglegens, ne quā populus laboret,

unconcerned, careless, Hor. C. 3, 8, 25 (securus, non timens, Schol.).—

Absol.:

bonus tantummodo segnior fit, ubi negligas,

when you neglect him, Sall. J. 31, 28.—Hence,

neglĕgens ( neglĭg-, neclĕg-), entis, P. a., heedless, careless, unconcerned, indifferent, negligent, neglectful.

In gen.: neclegens dictus est non legens neque dilectum habens, quid facere debeat, omissā ratione officii sui, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.:

improvidi et neglegentes duces,

Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2:

quoniam pater tam neglegens ac dissolutus est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162:

socors alicujus natura neglegensque,

id. Brut. 68, 239:

in amicis deligendis neglegentes,

id. Lael. 17, 62:

in aliquem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—With gen.:

legum, officii, rei publicae, sociorum atque amicorum neglegentior,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 143:

amicorum inimicorumque (= prae stupore haud discernens),

Tac. H. 3, 38:

lenocinii,

Suet. Aug. 79:

domus tuae neglegentissimus,

Pacat. Pan. Th. 31.—With circa:

circa deos ac religiones neglegentior,

Suet. Tib. 69.—With inf.:

post illa obtegere eam neglegens fui,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 61.—Of things:

alarum neglegens sudor,

that proceeds from neglect, Petr. 128:

neglegentior amictus,

Quint. 11, 3, 147:

neglegens sermo,

id. 10, 7, 28; cf.

stilus,

id. 2, 4, 13.—

In partic., with respect to one's fortune, heedless, careless, improvident:

in sumptu neglegens,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:

adulescentia neglegens luxuriosaque,

Liv. 27, 8; Quint. 7, 2, 29.—Hence, adv.: neglĕgenter ( neglĭg-), heedlessly, carelessly, negligently:

scribere (opp. diligenter),

Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7:

gerunt et ferarum pelles, proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17:

audientes,

Quint. 8, 2, 23:

petere pilam,

id. 6, 3, 62; 2, 4, 17.— Comp.:

neglegentius asservare aliquid,

Cic. Caecin. 26, 73.— Sup.:

neglegentissime amicos habere,

Sen. Ep. 63, 7.—

neglectus, a, um, P. a., neglected, slighted, disregarded, despised:

cum ipsi inter nos abjecti neglectique simus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

castra soluta neglectaque,

Liv. 28, 1:

religio,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

di,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 7:

forma viros decet,

Ov. A. A. 1, 509.— Sup.:

neglectissima progenies,

Stat. Th. 7, 146.— Hence, * adv.: neglectē, carelessly, negligently:

neglectius incedebat,

Hier. Ep. 39, n. 1.

neglĕgo (less correctly neglĭgo and neclĕgo), exi, ectum, 3 ( perf subj. neglegerit, acc. to the form of the simple verb, Aem. Mac. ap. Diom. 366 P.; and id. ap. Prisc. p. 895 P.; also, acc. to the best MSS., [p. 1198] in Sall. J. 40, 1, neglegisset; v. Kritz and Fabri, ad h. l.), v. a. [nec-lego] (qs. not to pick up, i. e.), to not heed, not trouble one's self about, not attend to, to slight, neglect, be regardless of, indifferent to; constr. with acc. or an object-clause; rarely with de or absol.

In gen., opp. to curare (cf. desum):

si mandatum neglecturus es,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

maculam judiciorum,

id. Clu. 47, 130:

rem familiarem neglegebat,

Nep. Them. 1, 2:

neglectis urenda filix innascitur agris,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 37.—

With an object-clause:

erus quod imperavit, neglexisti persequi,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 39:

diem edicti obire neglexit,

Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 20. —

With de:

de Theopompo negleximus,

Cic. Phil. 13, 16, 33.—

In partic., to make light of, not to care for, to slight, despise, disregard, contemn, neglect (syn.:

despicio, sperno, contemno, fastidio): qui periculum fortunarum et capitis sui pro meā salute neglexit,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

tantam pecuniam captam,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 94, § 218:

cum et bellum ita necessarium sit, ut neglegi non possit,

id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

legem,

id. Vatin. 2, 5:

minas,

id. Quint. 30, 92:

imperium alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 7:

injurias alicujus,

to pass over, overlook, id. ib. 1, 36:

iram alicujus,

Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 97:

deos,

Sall. C. 10, 4:

se semper credunt neglegi, i. e. contemni,

Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 16.—

With an objectclause:

verba verbis quasi coagmentare neglegat,

neglect, disdain, Cic. Or. 23, 77:

Theopompum, expulsum a Trebonio, confugere Alexandriam neglexistis,

id. Phil. 13, 16, 33:

fraudem committere,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Tib. 2, 6, 37.—

With a foll. ne:

neglegens, ne quā populus laboret,

unconcerned, careless, Hor. C. 3, 8, 25 (securus, non timens, Schol.).—

Absol.:

bonus tantummodo segnior fit, ubi negligas,

when you neglect him, Sall. J. 31, 28.—Hence,

neglĕgens ( neglĭg-, neclĕg-), entis, P. a., heedless, careless, unconcerned, indifferent, negligent, neglectful.

In gen.: neclegens dictus est non legens neque dilectum habens, quid facere debeat, omissā ratione officii sui, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.:

improvidi et neglegentes duces,

Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2:

quoniam pater tam neglegens ac dissolutus est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162:

socors alicujus natura neglegensque,

id. Brut. 68, 239:

in amicis deligendis neglegentes,

id. Lael. 17, 62:

in aliquem,

id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.—With gen.:

legum, officii, rei publicae, sociorum atque amicorum neglegentior,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 143:

amicorum inimicorumque (= prae stupore haud discernens),

Tac. H. 3, 38:

lenocinii,

Suet. Aug. 79:

domus tuae neglegentissimus,

Pacat. Pan. Th. 31.—With circa:

circa deos ac religiones neglegentior,

Suet. Tib. 69.—With inf.:

post illa obtegere eam neglegens fui,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 61.—Of things:

alarum neglegens sudor,

that proceeds from neglect, Petr. 128:

neglegentior amictus,

Quint. 11, 3, 147:

neglegens sermo,

id. 10, 7, 28; cf.

stilus,

id. 2, 4, 13.—

In partic., with respect to one's fortune, heedless, careless, improvident:

in sumptu neglegens,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:

adulescentia neglegens luxuriosaque,

Liv. 27, 8; Quint. 7, 2, 29.—Hence, adv.: neglĕgenter ( neglĭg-), heedlessly, carelessly, negligently:

scribere (opp. diligenter),

Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7:

gerunt et ferarum pelles, proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17:

audientes,

Quint. 8, 2, 23:

petere pilam,

id. 6, 3, 62; 2, 4, 17.— Comp.:

neglegentius asservare aliquid,

Cic. Caecin. 26, 73.— Sup.:

neglegentissime amicos habere,

Sen. Ep. 63, 7.—

neglectus, a, um, P. a., neglected, slighted, disregarded, despised:

cum ipsi inter nos abjecti neglectique simus,

Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

castra soluta neglectaque,

Liv. 28, 1:

religio,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

di,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 7:

forma viros decet,

Ov. A. A. 1, 509.— Sup.:

neglectissima progenies,

Stat. Th. 7, 146.— Hence, * adv.: neglectē, carelessly, negligently:

neglectius incedebat,

Hier. Ep. 39, n. 1.