accelerate

festīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [cf. Gr. theinô; Lat. -fendo in defendo, offendo, -festus in manifestus, etc., and fustis, Corss. Ausspr. 2, 190; Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 255].

Neutr., to hasten, make haste, hurry, be quick (class.; not in Caes.; syn.: propero, celero, maturo): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. properare, p. 235 Müll.; ap. Non. 441, 22:

propemodum quid illic festinet sentio,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 14:

aput nos eccillam festinat cum sorore uxor tua,

id. Stich. 4, 1, 30:

quid festinas?

Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8; cf.:

quamquam festinas, non est mora longa,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 35; Sall. Fragm. ap. Don. Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 8:

ibi,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 3, 4:

plura scripsissem, nisi tui festinarent,

Cic. Fam. 12, 22, 4; cf. id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

solent nautae festinare quaestus sui causa,

id. Fam. 16, 9, 4:

esseda festinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 192:

in provinciam festinare,

Quint. 6, 3, 39:

ad portas,

Sall. J. 69, 2; cf.:

ad singulare Antonii factum festinat oratio,

Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 3:

ad probationem,

Quint. 4, 3, 8; cf. id. 4, 5, 10:

quis te festinare jubet?

Juv. 14, 212.—Prov.: festina lente (speude bradeôs), Suet. Aug. 25.

Transf., as v. a., to make haste with a thing, to hasten, hurry, accelerate, do speedily.

With an object-clause (class.):

ut migrare tanto opere festines,

Cic. Fam. 7, 23 fin.:

ne festinaret abire,

Sall. J. 64, 4:

ultum ire injurias,

id. ib. 68, 1:

finem imponere,

Quint. 9, 4, 146:

sequi,

Curt. 6, 6, 25:

componere lites,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 12:

quae laedunt oculum, festinas demere,

id. ib. 1, 2, 38:

terris advertere proram,

Verg. G. 4, 117:

aram congerere arboribus,

id. A. 6, 177; cf.:

callidus id modo festinabat, Bocchi pacem imminuere, ne, etc.,

Sall. J. 81 fin.:

universis prodesse festinet,

Inscr. Orell. 775.—

With acc. (not in Cic.): festivum festinant diem, hasten to celebrate, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 401 (Trag. v. 434 ed. Vahl.):

ni id festinaret,

Sall. J. 77, 1:

ad bellum cuncta,

id. ib. 73, 1: soleas festinate (sc. dare), id. Fragm. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 12, 425:

festinare fugam,

Verg. A. 4, 575:

vias,

Stat. Th. 2, 478:

poenas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 61:

pyram,

Sil. 8, 52:

vestes,

Stat. S. 2, 1, 128:

caedes, patibula, ignes, cruces,

Tac. A. 14, 33:

mortem in se,

to bring on speedily, id. ib. 4, 28:

pyram,

prepares in haste, Sil. 8, 52.—In pass.:

quod animo cupienti nihil satis festinatur,

Sall. J. 64 fin.:

ea cuncta per idoneos ministros festinabantur,

Tac. H. 2, 82:

cum belli civilis praemia festinarentur,

id. ib. 3, 37:

nec virgines festinantur,

are not married early, id. G. 20:

adoptio festinatur,

id. A. 12, 25; 6, 50; id. H. 3, 37.—In part. perf., hastened, accelerated:

festinata maturitas,

Quint. 6 praef. § 10;

iter,

Ov. P. 4, 5, 8:

missio,

Tac. A. 1, 52:

casus,

id. ib. 6, 44:

nuptiae,

Suet. Aug. 69:

honores,

i. e. obtained before the proper time, Luc. 8, 24; Plin. Pan. 69, 5:

festinatis annis raptus,

by an early death, Mart. 7, 40, 7; cf.:

festinatis lictorum manibus in carcerem raptus,

Tac. A. 6, 40:

mors domini gladiis tam festinata,

prematurely inflicted, Juv. 4, 96.—

With se, to make haste, Gell. 14, 2, 9.—Hence,

festīnans, antis, P. a., hasty, in haste:

ille properans, festinans, mandata vestra conficere cupiens,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec festinans scripsi in itinere atque agmine,

id. Att. 6, 4 fin. —Adv.: festīnanter, hastily, speedily, quickly (class.):

improbe, turbide, festinanter, rapide omnia videtis esse suscepta, Cic. Scaur. § 37: nimium festinanter dictum,

id. Fin. 5, 26, 77.— Comp.:

compositius cuncta quam festinantius agerent,

Tac. A. 15, 3:

factum quid,

Gell. 10, 11, 8:

publicatum,

Suet. Aug. 29:

germinant,

Plin. 17, 11, 15, § 78.— Sup.:

festinantissime,

Aug. Ep. 250.—

festīnāto, adv., hastily, hurriedly (post-Aug.):

quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo,

Quint. 4, 2, 58; Suet. Claud. 16; Vulg. Gen. 44, 11 al.

mātūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].

Act., to make ripe, ripen, to bring to ma turity (class.).

Lit., of fruits:

uvas,

Tib. 1, 4, 19:

pomum,

Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 102. — Pass.: maturari, to grow ripe, ripen, to come to maturity:

frumenta maturantur,

Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 60:

omnia maturata,

ripened, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4:

uva maturata dulcescit,

ripe, id. de Sen. 13, 53.—

Transf., to make ripe, to ripen, mature, soften, bring to maturity:

vitis alba suppurationes veteres maturat,

Plin. 23, 1, 16, § 24:

lupini strumas maturant,

id. 22, 25, 74, § 156:

partus conceptos,

id. 30, 14, 43, § 123:

olivas muria,

to make ripe, soft, eatable, Pall. 12, 22, 2.— Pass., to become ripe or soft, to come to maturity:

ova in sicco maturari,

Plin. 9, 57, 83, § 177:

alumen aestivis solibus maturatur,

id. 35, 15, 52, § 184:

concoctione maturata,

id. 11, 37, 79, § 200.—

Trop., to hasten, accelerate, quicken, despatch, expedite (class.).

With acc.:

domum ad coepta maturanda redire jubet,

Liv. 24, 13:

iter,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63:

mortem alicui,

Cic. Clu. 61, 171:

necem alicui,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 16; cf.:

mortem ea res maturat,

Cels. 7, 7, 7:

insidias consuli,

Sall. C. 32:

fugam,

Verg. A. 1, 137:

negotia,

Suet. Caes. 80:

sibi exitium,

id. Dom. 15:

maturatur recordatio,

Quint. 11, 2, 43:

spem praedae suae morte maturare,

Val. Max. 8, 2, 2.—

With inf., to make haste or hasten to do a thing:

jube maturare illam exire huc,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 101:

flumen Axonam exercitum transducere maturavit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

ab urbe proficisci,

id. ib. 1, 7:

venire,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 7:

iter pergere,

Sall. J. 79, 5.—

To hurry too much, precipitate:

ni Catilina maturasset signum dare,

had not Catiline given the signal too soon, Sall. C. 18, 8:

jussis ceteris quantum possent maturare sequi,

Liv. 32, 16, 5.—

Poet.:

multa quae mox caelo properanda sereno, maturare datur,

i. e. to do in good time, betimes, Verg. G. 1, 261.—

Lit., to grow ripe, ripen (post-class.):

ficus, quae sero maturant,

Pall. Mart. 10, 27:

tardius,

id. Nov. 7, 22.—

Transf., to make haste, hasten (rare but class.):

successor tuus non potest ita maturare, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 1:

legati in Africam maturantes veniunt,

Sall. J. 22, 1:

et maturavit Romanus, ne, etc.,

Liv. 2, 22:

maturandum ne, etc.,

id. 24, 12:

facto maturatoque opus esse,

id. 1, 58; cf. id. 8, 13 fin.:

quam maturato opus erat,

id. 24, 23.—Hence, adv.: mātūrātē, betimes, quickly (very rare):

properare,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 58; also: mātūrātō, hastily (late Lat.), Schol. Verg. ap. Clan. Auct. Mai. vol. 7, p. 291.

mātūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [id.].

Act., to make ripe, ripen, to bring to ma turity (class.).

Lit., of fruits:

uvas,

Tib. 1, 4, 19:

pomum,

Plin. 16, 25, 41, § 102. — Pass.: maturari, to grow ripe, ripen, to come to maturity:

frumenta maturantur,

Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 60:

omnia maturata,

ripened, Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4:

uva maturata dulcescit,

ripe, id. de Sen. 13, 53.—

Transf., to make ripe, to ripen, mature, soften, bring to maturity:

vitis alba suppurationes veteres maturat,

Plin. 23, 1, 16, § 24:

lupini strumas maturant,

id. 22, 25, 74, § 156:

partus conceptos,

id. 30, 14, 43, § 123:

olivas muria,

to make ripe, soft, eatable, Pall. 12, 22, 2.— Pass., to become ripe or soft, to come to maturity:

ova in sicco maturari,

Plin. 9, 57, 83, § 177:

alumen aestivis solibus maturatur,

id. 35, 15, 52, § 184:

concoctione maturata,

id. 11, 37, 79, § 200.—

Trop., to hasten, accelerate, quicken, despatch, expedite (class.).

With acc.:

domum ad coepta maturanda redire jubet,

Liv. 24, 13:

iter,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63:

mortem alicui,

Cic. Clu. 61, 171:

necem alicui,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 16; cf.:

mortem ea res maturat,

Cels. 7, 7, 7:

insidias consuli,

Sall. C. 32:

fugam,

Verg. A. 1, 137:

negotia,

Suet. Caes. 80:

sibi exitium,

id. Dom. 15:

maturatur recordatio,

Quint. 11, 2, 43:

spem praedae suae morte maturare,

Val. Max. 8, 2, 2.—

With inf., to make haste or hasten to do a thing:

jube maturare illam exire huc,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 101:

flumen Axonam exercitum transducere maturavit,

Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

ab urbe proficisci,

id. ib. 1, 7:

venire,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 7:

iter pergere,

Sall. J. 79, 5.—

To hurry too much, precipitate:

ni Catilina maturasset signum dare,

had not Catiline given the signal too soon, Sall. C. 18, 8:

jussis ceteris quantum possent maturare sequi,

Liv. 32, 16, 5.—

Poet.:

multa quae mox caelo properanda sereno, maturare datur,

i. e. to do in good time, betimes, Verg. G. 1, 261.—

Lit., to grow ripe, ripen (post-class.):

ficus, quae sero maturant,

Pall. Mart. 10, 27:

tardius,

id. Nov. 7, 22.—

Transf., to make haste, hasten (rare but class.):

successor tuus non potest ita maturare, ut, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 1:

legati in Africam maturantes veniunt,

Sall. J. 22, 1:

et maturavit Romanus, ne, etc.,

Liv. 2, 22:

maturandum ne, etc.,

id. 24, 12:

facto maturatoque opus esse,

id. 1, 58; cf. id. 8, 13 fin.:

quam maturato opus erat,

id. 24, 23.—Hence, adv.: mātūrātē, betimes, quickly (very rare):

properare,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 58; also: mātūrātō, hastily (late Lat.), Schol. Verg. ap. Clan. Auct. Mai. vol. 7, p. 291.

prŏpĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [properus].

Act., to hasten, quicken, accelerate; to prepare, make, or do with haste (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

alia quae incepto usui forent properare,

Sall. J. 37, 4:

itineris properandi causā,

id. ib. [p. 1469] 105, 2:

properato itinere,

id. ib. 112, 2:

vascula intus pure propera,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 3:

obsonia,

id. Cas. 2, 8, 57:

fulmina,

Verg. G. 4, 171:

pecuniam heredi,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 62:

mortem,

Tib. 4, 1, 205; Verg. A. 9, 401:

coeptum iter,

Tac. H. 3, 40:

deditionem,

id. A. 2, 22:

caedem,

id. ib. 11, 37:

naves,

id. ib. 2, 6:

hoc studium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 28.—In pass.:

vellera properabantur,

Hor. Epod. 12, 21: teneri properentur amores, Dum vacat, let them be sung hastily or briefly, Ov. Am. 3, 1, 69:

properatur amor,

id. M. 5, 396:

hinc porticus, inde delubra properantur,

Plin. Pan. 51, 3.—

Neutr., to make haste, to hasten, be quick (class.): aliud est properare, aliud festinare. Qui unum quid mature transigit, is properat: qui multa simul incipit neque perficit, is festinat, Cato ap. Gell. 16, 14, 2; id. ap. Fest. p. 234 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 441, 22:

propera, fer pedem,

Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 30:

properatin' ocius?

id. Curc. 2, 2, 33:

simulabat sese negotii causā properare,

Sall. J. 76, 1; 58, 6:

in Italiam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 35; id. B. C. 2, 20:

ad praedam, ad gloriam,

id. ib. 2, 39:

ad gaudia,

Hor. C. 4, 12, 21:

Romam,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49:

in patriam,

id. Fam. 12, 25:

in fata,

Luc. 8, 658:

sacris, for a sacris,

Ov. M. 6, 201; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 58;

but sometimes with collat. notion of excessive haste: properantibus Blaesus advenit, increpabatque, etc. (cf. the context),

Tac. A. 1, 18; 13, 17.— With sup.: ultro licentiam in vos auctum, atque adjutum properatis, Sall. Or. Licin. ad Pleb. (H. 3, 61, 16 Dietsch).—With inf.:

argentum propere propera vomere,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 10:

redire in patriam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 35:

quin huc ad vos venire propero?

id. Rep. 6, 15, 15:

signa inferre, atque evadere oppido,

Sall. J. 56, 5:

pervenire,

Caes. B. G. 2, 11:

aliquem amando Perdere,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With object-clause:

se quisque hostem ferire properabat,

Sall. C. 7, 6; Amm. 25, 7.— Impers. pass.:

properatum vehementer, cum, etc.,

Cic. Sull. 19, 54; Verg. A. 4, 416.— Transf., of inanimate subjects, with inf. pass.:

mala decerpi properantia,

Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 52.—Hence,

prŏpĕrans, antis, P. a., hastening, hasty, rapid, speedy (class.):

ille properans, festinans,

Cic. Phil. 9, 3, 6:

haec properantes scripsimus,

in haste, id. Att. 4, 4, a.— Comp.:

rotam solito properantior urget,

Claud. in Ruf. 2, 337.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕran-ter, hastily, speedily, quickly (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.:

propere, cito, festinanter, celeriter, etc.),

Lucr. 5, 300:

properanter accepit codicillos,

Tac. A. 16, 24.— Comp.:

beneficia properantius, quam aes mutuum, reddere,

Sall. J. 96, 2; 8, 2:

ire,

Ov. F. 4, 673.— Sup.: properantissime aliquid afferre, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 8.—

prŏpĕrātus, a, um, P. a., hurried, accelerated, rapid, quick, speedy (mostly poet.):

tabellae,

Ov. M. 9, 586:

mors,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 34:

gloria rerum,

id. M. 15, 748:

meta curribus,

i. e. rapidly approached, Mart. 10, 50, 7:

naves,

Tac. A. 2, 6:

tela,

id. ib. 2, 80.— Comp.:

properatius tempus,

Sol. 26.— Absol.: properato opus est, there is need of haste:

accurato et properato opus est,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210:

erat nihil, cur properato opus esset,

Cic. Mil. 19, 49.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĕrā-tō, quickly, speedily (Tac.):

properato ad mortem agitur,

Tac. A. 13, 1.

prŏpinquo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [propinquus].

Act., to bring near, bring on, hasten, accelerate ( poet.):

tu rite propinques Augurium,

Verg. A. 10, 254:

mortem,

Sil. 2, 281.—

Neutr., to draw near, come nigh, approach (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose for appropinquo); with dat. or acc.

Of persons.

With dat.:

scopulo propinquat,

Verg. A. 5, 185:

fluvio,

id. ib. 6, 384:

ripae,

id. ib. 6, 410.—

With acc.:

amnem, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 254 Lindem. (H. 4, 62 Dietsch): campos,

Tac. A. 12, 13 init.—Absol.:

armis,

Stat. Th. 10, 385.—

Of things:

Parcarumque dies et vis inimica propinquat,

Verg. A. 12, 150:

et triste propinquat supplicium,

Stat. Th. 5, 493; Amm. 14, 2, 19:

domui ejus ignis propinquat,

Tac. A. 15, 39:

turris propinquans praetoriae portae,

id. H. 4, 30; 2, 18; 2, 58; 3, 82; Gell. 2, 23, 8:

mortale immortali propinquare non potest,

Lact. 2, 8, 68:

dies propinquat ad vesperum,

Vulg. Judic. 19, 9.