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1 σάκος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `shield (made of leather)', prop. `longshield, tower shield' (cf. ἀσπίς w. lit.; Hom., also A. a.o.).Compounds: Some compp; e.g. σακέσ-παλος `shield-swaying' (Ε 126, Call., Nonn.). σάκος - φόρος `shield-bearing' (B., S., E.), φερε-σσακής `id.' (Hes. Sc., Nonn.); cf. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 20ff., Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 94 f. w. many details.Derivatives: No derivv.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Semit.Etymology: Old word, which orig. indicated the skin, the hide and seemed also atteseted in Oind.: tvác- f. `skin, hide', as s-stem (= σάκος) a.o. in híraṇya-tvacas- `with golden skin'. Here prob. also, but with e-vowel, which does not agree with σάκος, Hitt. tuekkaš `body'. Lit. in Mayrhofer s. tvák; older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 747 (Pok. 1099). Quite uncertain OP. taka-barā, adjunct of the Yaunā (Ionians); s. Mayrhofer Orientalia 33, 84ff. (after Pisani Glotta 42, 183 ff. loan from Gr. *σακοφόρος[?]). -- The word is prob. a loan from Semit., Acc. saqqu, Hebr. śaq; Masson, Emprunts sémit. 24.Page in Frisk: 2,672Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σάκος
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2 Ἴωνες
Grammatical information: m. pl.Meaning: Ionian, one of the four Greek main tribes (since Ν 685 Ίάονες ἑλκεχίτωνες; late Interpolation, v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 85 A. 3).Dialectal forms: Myc. IawoneCompounds: As 2. member in Παν-ίωνες (Eust. 1414, 36), backformation after Παν-έλληνες from Πανιών-ιον n. `temple of all Ionians', - ια pl. name of the feast (Hdt.), Πανιώνιος m. surname of Apollon a. o. (inscr.).Derivatives: 1. Ίάς, - άδος f. `Ionian woman, Ionic' (Hdt., Th.) with Ίακός (Plb.); to Ἴωνες after Ε῝λληνες: `Ελλάς (cf. below). 2. Ίαόνιος `Ionic, Greek' (A. in lyr.), Ίαονίς f. (Nic.); late Ίώνιος `id.' (Philostr.) with Ίωνίς f. (Call., Paus.), Ίωνιάς f. (Nic., Str.); here Ίωνία `Ionia' (A. Pers. 771), Ίαονίη-θε (Nic. Fr. 74, 2). 3. Ίωνικός `Ionic' (Hdt., Th.). 4. ὁ Ίόνιος ( κόλπος etc.) m. `the Ionic Sea' (between Epeiros and Italy; cf. below). 5. Ίάνειος patronym. (Thess.). 6. ἰωνίσκος m. ephesian name of the fish χρυσόφρυς (`gilt-head'; Archestr.; cf. Strömberg Fischnamen 86). Denomin. verb ἰωνίζω `speak Ionic' (A. D.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Uncertain Ίαωλκός, Ίωλκός town in Magnesia on the Pagasaic gulf (since Hes. Th. 997), prop. "Haven of Ionians" \< *ΊαϜο-ολκός? From Egypt. jwn(n)', Hebr. jāwān, OP yauna etc. we get an original *Ίά̄Ϝονες; further analysis unknown. A shorter form *Ἴον-ες is supposed in Ίόνιος (cf. Jacobsohn KZ 57, 76ff., Treidler Klio 22, 86ff., also Kretschmer Glotta 19, 216), if not after χθόνιος a. o. (by Beaumont JournofHellStud. 56, 204 Ίόνιος is connected with Ίώ); in any case Ίάς and Ίαωλκός can be explained from Ίάονες, Ἴωνες. Unclear Ίάνων ( ̆ ̆ ̄; A. Pers. 949f.; lyr.). - The accent in Ἴωνες acc. to Vendryes BSL 25, 49 shows Attic shift as in ἔγωγε. - Proper meaning unknown, so without etymology. Several hypotheses: "the ἰα-cryers" (Theander Eranos 20, 1ff.), "adorers of Apollon ἰήϊος" (Kretschmer Glotta 18, 232f., Kleinas. Forsch. 1, 1ff.). Details in Schwyzer 80: 3. S. Szemerényi Stud. z. Sprachgesch. u. Kultukunde 155-157.Page in Frisk: 1,748Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ἴωνες
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