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1 bě̄dìti
bě̄dìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: cPage in Trubačev: II 56-57Old Church Slavic:běditi `force, persuade' [verb], běždǫ [1sg]Russian:bedít' (dial.) `spoil, vex' [verb]Czech:bíditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty, (se) torment oneself, suffer' [verb];běditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty' [verb];bídit se (dial.) `live in poverty' [verb]Slovak:biedit́ `live in poverty' [verb]Old Polish:biedzić `struggle' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:bijèditi `slander' [verb], bȉjedīm [1sg]Bulgarian:bedjá `accuse' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eie-IE meaning: forceCertainty: +Page in Pokorny: 117Comments: It is very unlikely that Slavic *běditi `force' and Go. baidjan `id.' belong to different roots. Stang even includes these words in his "Sonderübereinstimmungen" (1972: 14). The meaning `persuade' is another indication that we are dealing with PIE *bʰoidʰ-. The question is whether denominative *běditi `reduce to poverty, live in poverty' ultimately continues a different root (see *bē̌dà).Other cognates: -
2 bȏrvъ
bȏrvъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: cPage in Trubačev: II 214-215Church Slavic:Russian:bórov `hog, castrated boar, (dial.) boar, castrated bull' [m o]Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:brȃv `sheep (pl.), (dial.) hog, castrated boar' [m o];Čak. brå̑v (Vrgada) `ram' [m o]Slovene:brȃv `sheep (pl.), pig, animal' [m o];brȃv `sheep (pl.)' [f i]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: bʰor-u-o-Comments: It is unclear whether this root may be identified with the root *bʰrH- of *borti and *bъrtь, as is advocated by Pokorny (133-135).Other cognates:OIc. bǫrgr `hog, castrated boar';Notes:\{1\} The Germanic cognates point to *bʰor-u-ko-. -
3 gověti
gověti Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VII 72-73Old Church Slavic:gověti (Supr.) `live a God-fearing life' [verb]Russian:govét' `fast' [verb] \{1\}Czech:hověti `satisfy, show indulgence' [verb]Slovak:Serbo-Croatian:gòvjeti `attend to, respect, please' [verb]Bulgarian:govéja `fast, be silent (respectfully)' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: gʷʰouOther cognates:Notes: -
4 màlъ
màlъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `small, little'Page in Trubačev: XVII 173-178Old Church Slavic:Russian:mályj `small, little' [adj o]Czech:malý `small, little' [adj o]Slovak:malý `small, little' [adj o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:mȁo `small, little' [adj o];Čak. må̃lī (Vrgada) `small, little' [adj o];Čak. mȃli (Orbanići) `small, little' [adj o]Slovene:mȃli `small, little' [adj o]Bulgarian:Indo-European reconstruction: moh₁-lo-Page in Pokorny: 724Comments: The question is whether *màlъ can be linked to PIE *melH-, as has been advocated by Varbot, for instance (1972: 63). In view of the acute root vowel, I consider this unlikely: we would have to posit a lengthened grade root of which the acute intonation is analogical after forms with full or zero grade. Thus, I prefer to reconstruct a root *mH₁-, which in the etymon under discussion is followed by an l-suffix (cf. Vaillant IV, 545, where the root is assumed to be identical with the root of Ru. majat', which I reconstruct as *meH₂-). The Germanic forms would have s mobile and zero grade of the root. Notice that Pokorny classifies CS mělъkъ under 1. mel-, melǝ- `zermalmen, schlagen, mahlen etc.', while OCS malъ can be found under mēlo-, smēlo- `kleines Tier'.Other cognates:Gk. μη̃λον `small cattle, goat, sheep' [n] \{1\};OIr. míl `(small) `animal';Notes:\{1\} The Doric form also has η.
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