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1 θάρσος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `confidence, courage, audacity' (Il.)Other forms: Att. θάρρος (partly a reshaping of hom. θάρσος etc. after Leumann Hom. Wörter 115), Aeol. θέρσος n.Compounds: Compp., e. g. εὑ-θαρσής `of good courage' (A.), θερσι-επής `talking courageously' (B.; on the 1. member Schwyzer 448).Derivatives: θαρσαλέος, - ρρ- `with confidence, courageous' (Il.; on the formation Chantraine Formation 253f.), Θερσίτης PN (Hom. etc.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 196; cf Risch Gnomon 23, 160 and Bloch Mus. Helv. 12, 59), θαρσήεις `courageous' (Call., Nonn.; innovation, s. Schwyzer 527); denomin. verb θαρσέω, - ρρ-, aor. θαρσῆσαι `be courageous' (Il.; cf. Schwyzer 724, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349; hardly with Leumann l. c. from εὑθαρσέω with θαρρητικός (Arist.).Etymology: Beside θάρσος, θέρσος we have θρασύς `audacious, courageous, bold' (since Il.), often as 1. member, e. g. θρασυκάρδιος `with audacious heart' (Il.), Rhod. Θαρσύ-βιος, Ther. Θhαρ(ρ)ύ-μαqhος (cf. Bechtel KZ 51, 145; more forms in Schwyzer 284; on the short names are based Θρασύλος also Leumann Glotta 32, 216 and 223 n. 2); from it θρασύτης `boldness' (IA), Θρασώ surn. of Athena (Lyc.), denomin. verb θρασύνω, θαρσύνω, - ρρ- `encourage' (Il.) with θάρσυνος `with confidence' (Il.; best postverbal; cf. Schwyzer 491 and diff. interpretations); comp. θρασίων (Alcm.), θρασύτερος, - ύτατος (Att.); Seiler Steigerungsformen 55f. - Cf. also ἀτάσθαλος. With θρασύς agrees Skt. dhr̥sú- (gramm.); liter. is dhr̥ṣṇú- `bold' after dhr̥ṣ-ṇ-ó-ti `be audacious'. Full grade θέρσος, for which sec. θάρσος, θράσος through influence of θρασύς, has however in Skt. no agreement (one finds dhárṣa-; would be Gr. *θόρσος). On the other hand Greek replaced the primary verbs by the newly formed θαρσέω, θαρσύνω: Skt. dhr̥ṣ-ṇ-ó-ti, dhárṣati with the perf. da-dhárṣa = Germ., e. g. Goth. ga-dars `τολμῶ' (wold be Gr. *τέ-θορσ-α), Lith. (with infixed nasal) drį̃sti `dare' (\< IE *dhr̥-n-s-), with analog. present dręsù with the nouns drąsà `boldness', OLith. drįsùs (after drį̃sti. Very doubtful Toch. A tsraṣi, B tsir `strong' (Poucha Archiv Orientální 2, 326, ZDMG 93, 206); s. Pedersen Zur toch. Sprachgeschichte 19. - Further forms in Pok. 259, Mayrhofer Wb. 2, 112f., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. drąsùs, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. derzkij; also W.-Hofmann s. īnfestus.Page in Frisk: 1,654-655Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θάρσος
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2 θρόνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `throne, seat', also `chair of state, judge's seat'.Dialectal forms: Myc. tono, toronowokoCompounds: Compp., e. g. χρυσό-θρονος `with golden throne' (Il.)Derivatives: Diminutives θρονίς f. (Them.), θρόνιον (EM, Ptol.); further θρονίτης (cod. - τις) πρώτιστος H. (cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 24); θρονιτικός `throne-like' (Sidyma); denomin. verb θρονίζομαι `be placed on the throne' (LXX) with θρονιστής `enthroner' (liter. pap.), θρονισμός `enthronisation' (D. Chr.); also θρόνωσις `id.' (Pl. Euthd. 277d; as Rite of the Corybantes) as if from *θρονόομαι; cf. Chantraine Formation 279; on the facts v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 187.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation like κλ-όνος (from κέλομαι(?); cf. also χρόνος and Κρόνος), from a verb `hold, support, bear', seen e. g. in Skt. perf. dā̆dhā́ra (would be Gr. *τέ-θορ-α), in the athem. root aor. dhr̥-thās (2. sg.), perhaps also in ἐν-θρ-εῖν φυλάσσειν H. (s. θρησκεύω); θρόνος would then be prop. "supporter, bearer". Greek relatives are: θόρναξ ὑποποδιον. Κύπριοι. η ἱερὸν Άπόλλωνος ἐν τῃ̃ Λακωνικῃ̃ H., prob. for *θρόναξ through metathesis and so directly derived from θρόνος. Forms with θρᾱ- are too far away: θρή-σασθαι with θρᾶ-νος (s. v.), θρῆ-νυς; θρά̄-σκω with θρησκεύω (s. v.); there is no indication that they have enything to do with θρόνος. - Representatives in other languages, e. g. Lat. ferē, frētus, firmus, Skt. caus. dhāráyati, dhárma- `right, custom', dháraṇa- `holding', give nothing new for Greek. More forms Pok. 252f., W.-Hofmann s. firmus, ferē, Mayrhofer s. dhāráyati. - However, Greek has no forms in - ον-ος, only - ων, - ων-ος and - ων, - ον-ος (Chantr. Form. 159ff); there is no certain instance of IE - ον-ος (as opposed to roots with o-vocalism, like βρόμ-ος); on the other hand most Greek words in - ον-ος are suspected to be of Pre-Greek origin; also there is no word for `chair' derived from the root * dher- (Pok. 252f, nor is there any Greek substantive which is certainly derived from this root (Pok. 252). So we can be rather certain that this word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,686-687Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρόνος
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3 λήθαργος
Grammatical information: m., f., also pl.Meaning: `lethargy, lethargic fever' (Hp., Arist., Chrysipp. Stoic.), also as adj. `forgetful' (Men., AP).Derivatives: ληθαργ-ικός `affected by lethargy, lethargic' (medic., AP), - ώδης `id.' (Dsc., Gal.), - ία `lethargy' ( Kom. Adesp.), - έω `be forgaful' (pap., inscr.). Unclear ἀλήθαργος POxy. 1381, 100 (liter. text IIp).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Prob. as prop. adjective (scil. νόσος, πυρετός). Analysed as λήθ-αργος, which would have meant "through forgetfulness inactive or slow", "was für die Krankheit nicht ganz einleuchtet" (Frisk). An original *λήθ-αλγος "suffering of forgetfulness' or "making forget the suffering' is also not immediately clear. - Cf. λαίθαργος, which shows that the word is Pre-Greek; so the considerations are useless.Page in Frisk: 2,115Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λήθαργος
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4 μέδιμνος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: corn-measure, "bushel", = 48 χοίνικες, i.e. in Athens about 52 1\/2 liter (IA.; s. Solmsen Wortforsch. 41 f., 67);Compounds: As 2. member e.g. in ἡμέδιμνον (haplol. for ἡμι-μ.) n. (prop. subst. adj.), also - ος m. (determinative-comp.) `half-bushel' (cf. Risch IF 59, 51 f.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formally μέδιμνος agrees with μέριμνα, λίμνη, στάμνος a. o. (Schwyzer 524); so enlarged from a μεν-stem? Lat. modius "bushel" gives a tempting comparandum with further connection with the Germ. word for `measure', e.g. Goth. mitan, OE metan, IE * med- (to which also μέδομαι, -ω; s.v.). Unclear however is the ι; on it Solmsen l.c. and Thurneysen IF 39, 189ff. (Schwyzer 352). To be rejected Winter Lang. 26, 532 (from *μεδι-μδ-). Because of the not few LW [loanword] in - μν- Chantraine Form. 216 considers Mediterranean origin; thus Fur. 246 n. 71.Page in Frisk: 2,190-191Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέδιμνος
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5 Όδυσσεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: son of Laertes and Antikleia, king of the island Ithaka (Il.).Other forms: ep. also Όδυσεύς (metr. shortening?; cf. on Άχιλλεύς). Several byforms with λ (cf. Schwyzer 209 a. 333, Heubeck Praegraeca 24ff.): Όλυσ(σ)εύς, Όλυτ(τ)εύς, Όλισεύς a.o. (vase-inscr.), Οὑλιξεύς (Hdn. Gr.), Lat. Ulixēs; the δ-form is only epic-liter. ascertained.Derivatives: Όδυσήϊος (σ 353). Όδύσσεια f. `the Odyssey' (Hdt., Pl.) with Όδυσσειακός `belonging to Od.' (Hdn. Gr., sch.), τὰ Όδύσσεια `Odyssean games' (Magn. Mae. IIIa); Όλισ-σεῖδαι pl. m. name of a family ( φράτρα) in Thebes and Argos (inscr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: By the ep. poets (e.g. τ 407 ff.) folketymologicallu connected with ὀδύσσομαι (Linde Glotta 13, 223, Risch Eumusia [Festschr. Howald 1947] 82 f., Stanford ClassPhil. 47, 209 ff.). Modern interpreters sought the origin of the name partly in the Greek West or on the continent, partly in Asia Minor. For western, Illyrian-Epirotic origin Helbig Herm. 11, 281 (doubts by Kretschmer Einl. 280ff. with Ed. Meyer), Krahe IF 49, 143, v. Windekens Herm. 86, 121 ff. (w. lit.); for continental origin Bosshardt 138 f. (also on the phonetics); for Asia Minor Hrozný Arch. Or. 1, 338, Gemser Arch. f. Orientforsch. 3, 183 (from Babyl. Hitt. Ul(l)uš?; on this Kretschmer Glotta 18, 215), Kretschmer Glotta 28, 253 a. 278 (Odysseus as Anatoliian Heros to Hatt. Λύξης, Lyd. Λίξος). Quite doubtful attempts, to connect the namen Όδυσσεύς with the name of his maternal gransfather Αὑτόλυκος, by Bolling AmJPh 27, 65 ff., Lang. 29, 293 f. and by v. Windekens l. c. Combinations to be rejected by Theander Eranos 15, 137 ff., Carnoy Muséon 44, 319ff., Focke Saeculum 2, 589f. - The name is of course typically Pre-Greek (Furnée index).Page in Frisk: 2,351-352Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Όδυσσεύς
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6 ξέστης
ξέστης, ου, ὁ (Diosc.; Epict. 1, 9, 33f; 2, 16, 22; OGI 521, 24; O. Wilck II, 1186, 2; Sb II word-list p. 360; Jos., Ant. 8, 57, Vi. 75. Loanw. in rabb.—Taken by most to be a corruption of Lat. sextarius; Mlt-H. 155, w. note 3, expresses some doubts on this point) a measure, about equal to 1/2 liter (FHultsch, Griech. u. röm. Metrologie2 1882, 103ff; APF 3, 1906, 438; O. Wilck I 762f). But then it comes to mean simply pitcher, jug, without reference to the amount contained (POxy 109, 21 ξέσται χαλκοῦ; 921, 23; Cat. Cod. Astr. VIII/3, 139) w. ποτήριον, χαλκίον Mk 7:4; cp. vs. 8 v.l.—DELG. M-M. -
7 σάτον
σάτον, ου, τό (Aram. סָאתָא=Hebr. סְאָה.—Hg 2:16; Jos., Ant. 9, 85 ἰσχύει τὸ σάτον μόδιον καὶ ἥμισυ Ἰταλικόν) a Hebrew dry measure holding about thirteen liters, a seah, a thirteen-liter measure (1/30 of a κόρος; s. Joseph. above; also s. μόδιος). ἀλεύρου σάτα τρία three measures of flour = about thirty-five liters or about a bushel of flour, implying an astonishing baking operation Mt 13:33; Lk 13:21. On estimating the size of the measure s. Billerb. I 669f; PYadin p. 69 note.—TRE III 609f M-M. -
8 χοῖνιξ
χοῖνιξ, ικος, ἡ (Hom.+; ins, pap; Ezk 45:10f) a dry measure, oft. used for grain, approximately equivalent to one quart or one liter, quart. A χ. of grain was a daily ration for one pers. (Hdt. 7, 187; Diog. L. 8, 18 ἡ χοῖνιξ ἡμερήσιος τροφή; Athen. 3, 20, 98e) Rv 6:6ab.—FStolle, D. röm. Legionar u. sein Gepäck 1914 (the appendix has an explanation of Rv 6:6). In general on the subject of military rations GWatson, The Roman Soldier ’69, 62–66.—DNP II 1136f. DELG. M-M.
См. также в других словарях:
liter — [ lite ] v. tr. <conjug. : 1> • 1723; de lit ♦ Techn. Mettre par lits, par couches. Superposer (des poissons salés) par lits dans des barriques. Liter des harengs. ● liter verbe transitif (de lit) Ranger, par lits superposés, des poissons… … Encyclopédie Universelle
liter — 1. (li té) v. a. Terme de métier. Arranger les choses par lits. Terme de pêche. Mettre le poisson, le hareng, la morue, par lits dans les tonnes. ÉTYMOLOGIE Lit. SUPPLÉMENT AU DICTIONNAIRE 1. LITER. Ajoutez : 2° Se liter, v. réfl. Être… … Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré
Litér — Administration … Wikipédia en Français
Liter — Liter, Einheit der Flüssigkeitsmaße und Hohlmaße im metrischen System. Es wird dargestellt durch den Raum, den ein Kilogramm reinen Wassers bei seiner größten Dichte unter dem Drucke einer Atmosphäre einnimmt. Das Liter wird also vom Kilogramm… … Lexikon der gesamten Technik
liter — the American spelling of litre * * * liter UK US /ˈliːtər/ noun [C] US ► MEASURES LITRE(Cf. ↑litre) … Financial and business terms
Liter — Smn std. (19. Jh.) Entlehnung. Mit dem Hohlmaß entlehnt aus frz. litre m., das über ml. litra f. aus gr. lítra f. Pfund stammt. Dieses ist aus der gleichen Sprache entlehnt, die auch l. lībra f. Waage, Pfund geliefert hat. 1868 amtlich eingeführt … Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache
Liter — [Aufbauwortschatz (Rating 1500 3200)] Bsp.: • 1 Liter = 1,76 Pinte (Brit) = 0,22 Gallonen (Brit) = 2,11 Pinte (Am) = 0,26 Gallonen (Am) … Deutsch Wörterbuch
Liter — Li ter, Litre Li tre (l[=e] t[ e]r; 277), n. [F. litre, Gr. li tra a silver coin.] A measure of capacity in the metric system, being a cubic decimeter, equal to 61.022 cubic inches, or 2.113 American pints, or 1.76 English pints. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Liter — (abgekürzt l. franz. litre), Einheit aller Hohlmaße im metrischen System, = 1 Kubikdezimeter oder 0,001 cbm, also 1 cbm = 1000 L. Es wird eingeteilt in 10 Deziliter zu 10 Zentiliter zu 10 Milliliter; 10 L. machen ein Dekaliter, 100 ein Hektoliter … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Liter — (frz. litre), abgekürzt l, im metrischen System die Einheit des Hohlmaßes, hat den Inhalt eines Kubikdezimeters, ist = 1/1000 cbm = 50,4124 alte Pariser Kubikzoll … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
liter — 1797, from Fr. litre (1793), from litron, obsolete French measure of capacity for grain, from M.L. litra, from Gk. litra pound, apparently from the same Sicilian Italic source as L. libra … Etymology dictionary