ἐπι(ρ)ράπτω

ἐπι(ρ)ράπτω for the spelling s. W-S. §5, 26b; B-D-F §11, 1 (the word: Galen 18, p. 579 Kühn; Nonnus, Dionys. 9, 3; 42, 315) sew (on) ἐπί τι on someth. a patch on a garment Mk 2:21. JSpringer, The Marcan ἐπιράπτει: Exp. 8th ser., 21, 1921, 79f.

ἐπι(ρ)ράπτω for the spelling s. W-S. §5, 26b; B-D-F §11, 1 (the word: Galen 18, p. 579 Kühn; Nonnus, Dionys. 9, 3; 42, 315) sew (on) ἐπί τι on someth. a patch on a garment Mk 2:21. JSpringer, The Marcan ἐπιράπτει: Exp. 8th ser., 21, 1921, 79f.

V 1-0-0-2-0=3 Gn 3,7; Jb 16,15; Eccl 3,7

to sew [abs.] Eccl 3,7; to sew together [τι] Gn 3,7; to sew sth on sth [τι ἐπί τινος] Jb 16,15 Cf. CAIRD 1976, 82

(→συρ-, ὑποῥάπτω,,)

ἐπισυρράπτω for ἐπι(ρ)ράπτω (q.v.) Mk 2:21 D.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `card, comb, full (cloth)' as thechnical term, also metaph. `mangle, tear' in gen. (IA)

Other forms: rarely κνάμπτω, cf. γνάμπτω and Güntert Reimwortbildungen 115f.), young Att., hell., also Ion. γνάπτω,

Dialectal forms: Myc. kanapeu \/ knapheus\/

Compounds: sometimes with ἀνα-, ἐπι-,

Derivatives: Young Att. γν- for κν- (here not noted): κνάφος m. `teasel of the fuller', also `bur(r), folter-instrument' (Hdt., Hp., Com.) with κναφεύς `fuller' (IA.), also as fish-name (Dorio; on the motive Strömberg Fischnamen 93); κναφεῖον, -ήϊον `fuller's shop' (IA.), κναφευτική ( τέχνη) `art of fulling' (Pl.), κναφεύω `full' (Ar.) and, as late feminine formation, κνάφισσα `fuller-ess' (pap.; Chantraine Formation 110); κναφικός `belonging to fulling' (Dsc., pap.). - γνάψις `fulling' (Pl.), γνάπτωρ = κναφεύς (Man.). - γνάφαλλον `flocken, cushion of wool' (pap. a. ostr.) with γναφαλ(λ)ώδης `γ.-like', γναφάλλιον, - αλλίς plant-name, `Diotis maritima' (Dsc., Plin.; Strömberg Pflanzennamen 105); also κνέφαλλον `cushion' (com., E.; vv. ll. κναφ-, γναφ-) and γνόφαλλον (Alc. Ζ 14, 8; beside μόλθακον). - Verbal adj.: ἄ-γναπτος (Pl. com., Plu.) and ἄ-γναφος (NT, pap.) `unfulled, new', ἐπί-γναφος (: ἐπι-γνάπτω) `fulled again', of clothes (Poll.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Cf. κναίω, κνῆν, κνίζω, κνύω (s. vv.) with ending as in ῥάπτω, σκάπτω, ἅπτω etc.; κνάφος as ῥαφή etc. The forms with γν- cannot be explained as Greek, so they point to Pre-Greek; cf. Schwyzer 414 (who unconvincingly takes κνάπτω as assimilated from γνάπτω. Note the typical ο for α in γνόφαλλον bei Alc. ( κνέφαλλον cannot be old ablaut (cf. Persson Beitr. 1, 139f., Schwyzer 343). - As non-Greek cognate one cites a Celtic word for `fleece', e. g. Welsh cnaif (s. Vendryes WuS 12, 243); other forms in Germanic and Baltic are semantically further off, e. g. OWNo. * hnafa, pret. hnof `cut off' (with gemination hneppa `pinch, press'), Lith. knabénti `pick in, off', s. Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. knablỹs. The variation κ\/γ, α\/ο shows quite clearly Pre-Greek origin. (Not in Fur.) S. further κνήφη and κνώψ.

See also: S. noch κνήφη und κνώψ.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: ἐπι- (also `to reproach'), `to beat with a stick, a rod, by hand', pass. `to be beaten' (ΙΑ.).

Other forms: Aor. pass. ῥαπισθῆναι, act. ῥαπίσαι, perf. ptc. pass. ῥεραπισμένα.

Compounds: Rarely w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι- (also `to reproach').

Derivatives: ῥάπ-ισμα n. `stroke, slap in the face, box on the ears' (Antiph., NT, Luc.), - ισμός m. `id.' (Corn., Sor.); ἐπιρράπ-ιξις f. `reproach' (Ion. Hist.), - ισμός `id.' (Plb.). -- Besides as 2. member - ραπις in χρυσό-ρραπις, voc. -ι `with a golden rod', surname of Hermes (Od., h. Merc., Pi.), ἐΰ-ρραπις ( Έρμῆς) `with a beautiful rod' (Nonn.); ῥαπίς as simplex = ῥάβδος only H., Phot.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: As the simplex ῥαπίς may have been deduced from χρυσό-ρραπις and here - ις can be explained as compound-suffix ( ἄν-αλκ-ις, ἵππ-ουρ-ις), the basis of ῥαπίζω is uncertain. It may come from a noun (*ῥάψ, *ῥαπ-ή v.t.), but it can also be tranformation of a primary verb; cf. the examples in Schwyzer 735 f. -- Formally ῥαπίζω could be a zero grade formation of ῥέπω, ῥόπαλον and would indicate, if deverbative, a sweeping movement (of a rod, the hand etc.). Further s. ῥέπω; vgl. 1. ῥώψ, ῥάβδος, ῥάμνος; also ῥάπτω. -- The word may well be Pre-Greek.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to decline, to descend', esp. of the balance (scales), `to sway down, to turn out, to gain the upper hand', w. prefix also trans. `to lower, to let tilt' (Il.).

Other forms: Rare fut. ῥέψω and aor. ῥέψαι (IA.).

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, ἀντι-, κατα-.

Derivatives: 1. ῥοπή f. `lowering, tilting (of the scales), swing' (Alc., IA.), to which a.o. ἀντί-ρροπος `equipoising, counterweighing', also connected with ῥέπω (Att.), with ἀντιρροπ-ίη (v. l. -ή) f. `counterweight' (Hp.). 2. περί-ρρεψις f. `tilting' (Hp.). 3. ῥόπαλον n. `bludgeon, mace' (Il.) [but Chantraine, Form. 246 calls connection with ῥέπω doubtful; I think that the word is rather Pre-Greek]with ῥοπάλ-ιον n. (hell. inscr. a. pap.), - ωτός `equipped with a club-like rounding' (D. C.), - ώδης `(pulsing) like a club', of the pulse, - ωσις f. des. of a hairdisease (medic.), - ικός `club-like', as des. of a verse (gramm.), - ίζει στρέφει, κινεῖ ὡς ῥόπαλον H. with - ισμοί pl. (Ar. Lys.); on the meaning of ῥόπαλον cf. below. 4. ῥόπτρον n. `the wood in a trap, knocker, ring at the door, tamboutine' (Archil., Att.); with dissim. ῥόπτον meaning unclear (Epid. IV<sup>a</sup>), - τίον κλειδίον H. 5. περι-, ἐπι-, κατα-ρρεπής `tilting etc.' (IA.), ἑτερο-ρρεπής prop. "tilting to (one or) the other side", `indecisive, unbiased' (A. in lyr., Hp.). 6. ῥεπτικός `tilting' ( Stoik.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Beside the full grade root-present ῥέπω one assumes as zero grade ῥάπτω, ῥαπίζω (IE *u̯rep-: u̯r̥p-?), also with lengthened grade ῥώψ, but see s.v. As the main semantic denominator one posits `turn (together), wind, bend', but it is impossible to indicate in every case the connections. For ῥέπω one would like to assume a meaning `bow (away) from the straight position, divert', first of the scales. A basic meaning `turn', from where `throw' (cf. Lat. torqueō `turn, throw') one wanted to find in ῥόπαλον, ῥόπτρον (cf. WP. 1, 276 with Curtius a.o.); for the in that case to be assumed meaning `throwing stick' (cf. καλαῦροψ) there is however not the slightest indication. A direct connection with ῥαπίζω, ῥαπίς (prop. `rod, staff'; Persson Beitr. 1, 499) lies formally farther than direct connection with ῥέπω, ῥοπή. So ῥόπαλον prop. "the (for the blow) lowered, falling down (club)" like ῥόπτρον of the wood falling down ? Cf. ξύλον καθῆκε (E. HF 993) of the on the head of a boy downcoming club of Heracles. -- Cf. ῥέμβομαι w. references.

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ῥάπισμα, ατος, τό (ῥαπίζω; Antiphon et al.)

① a blow inflicted by some instrument such as a club, rod, or whip, blow (Antiphanes in Athen. 14, 623b; Lucian, Dial. Mer. 8, 2) so perh. οἱ ὑπηρέται ῥαπίσμασιν αὐτὸν ἔλαβον Mk 14:65 (s. λαμβάνω 5). But even here it may have the mng. that is certain for the other passages in our lit.:

② a blow on the face with someone’s hand, a slap in the face (s. ῥαπίζω and cp. ῥάπισμα Ael. Dion. ε, 55 [ῥάπισμα τὸ ἐπὶ τῆς γνάθου]; Alciphron 3, 3, 2; schol. on Pla. 508d, also Anth. Pal. 5, 289 [VI A.D.] ῥ. ἀμφὶ πρόσωπα; AcJo 90 [Aa II/1 p. 195f]) διδόναι ῥάπισμά τινι give someone a slap in the face J 18:22 (but s. Field, Notes 105f); pl. 19:3. ἐάν τίς σοι δῷ ῥάπισμα εἰς τὴν δεξιὰν σιαγόνα D 1:4. τιθέναι τὰς σιαγόνας εἰς ῥαπίσματα offer the cheeks to slaps B 5:14 (Is 50:6).—PBenoit, Les Outrages à Jésus Prophète, OCullmann Festschr., ’62, 92–110.—DELG s.v. ῥάπτω. M-M.