ἀπο-λαύω

ἀπο-λαύω, [tense] fut.

A

- λαύσομαι Ar. Av. 177

, Pl.Chrm. 172b, etc.; later

- λαύσω D.H.6.4

, Plu.Pyrrh.13, etc. (in earlier writers corrupt, as Hyp.Epit.30): [tense] aor.

ἀπέλαυσα E.IT 526

, Ar.Av. 1358, etc.: [tense] pf.

- λέλαυκα Pl.Com.169

, Isoc.19.23: —[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.

- λέλαυται Philostr. VA6.19

, but

ἀπολελαυσμένος Plu.2.1089c

,1099e ([etym.] ἐν-): [tense] aor.

ἀπελαύσθην Ph.1.37

.—The double augm. ἀπήλαυον, ἀπήλαυσα, is found in codd. of Id.1.435, etc., prob. in LW 1046.5 ([place name] Blaudos). (The simple λαύω is not found, but was = λάφω, expl. by Aristarch. as ἀπολαυστικῶς ἔχω, cf. Apollon.Lex., Sch.Od. 19.229):— have enjoyment of a thing, have the benefit of it, c. gen. rei,

τῆς σῆς δικαιοσύνης Hdt.6.86

.

ά; τῶν σιτίων Hp.VM11

, cf. Pl.R. 354b; ἰχθύων, λαχάνων, ἐδεσμάτων, etc., enjoy them, Amphis 26, Aristopho 10.3, Antiph.8; ποτῶν, ὀσμῶν, X.Cyr.7.5.81, Hier.1.24, etc.;

τῶν ἀγαθῶν Isoc.1.9

, Pl.Grg. 492b;

σχολῆς Id.Lg. 781e

; τῆς σιωπῆς ἀ. take advantage of it, D.21.203;

τῆς ἐξουσίας Aeschin.3.130.2

. with acc. cogn. added, ἀ. τί τινος enjoy an advantage from some source,

τί γὰρ.. ἂν ἀπολαύσαιμι τοῦ μαθήματος; Ar.Nu. 1231

, cf. Th. 1008, Pl. 236;

ἐλάχιστα ἀ. τῶν ὑπαρχόντων Th.1.70

;

τοῦ βίου τι ἀ. Id.2.53

;

ζῴων τοσαῦτα ἀγαθὰ ἀ. ὁ ἄνθρωπος X.Mem.4.3.10

, cf. Pl.Euthd. 299a, etc.;

τοσοῦτον εὐερίας ἀπολέλαυκε Pl.Com. 169.3

. c. acc. (instead of gen.),

ἀ. τὸν βίον Diph.32.6

( ἀποβάλλειν cj. Kock);

ἀ. καὶ πάσχειν τι Arist.Sens. 443b3

. 4. abs., οἱ ἀπολαύοντες, opp. οἱ πονοῦντες, Id.Pol. 1263a13; ἧττον ἀ. to have less enjoyment, Id.HA 584a21;

ἡδόμενοι καὶ -οντες Plu.2.69e

.

II in bad sense (freq. ironically), have the benefit of,

τῶν Οἰδίπου κακῶν ἀ. E.Ph. 1205

;

ἀ. τι τῶν γάμων Id.IT 526

;

ἧς ἀπολαύων Ἅιδην.. καταβήσει Id.Andr. 543

(lyr.); τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀ., Hp.VM 12, Pl.Lg. 910b;

φλαῦρόν τι ἀ. Isoc.8.81

, cf. Pl.Cri. 54a: with Preps.,

ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλλοτρίων [παθῶν] ἀ. Id.R. 606b

; ἐκ τῆς μιμήσεως τοῦ εἶναι ἀ. ib. 395c;

ἀπ' ἄλλου ὀφθαλμίας ἀ. Id.Phdr. 255d

.

2 abs., have a benefit, come off well,Ar.Av. 1358.

III make sport of,

συνοδοιπόρου Thphr.Char.23.3

, cf. Lys.6.38.—Chiefly [dialect] Att.; Trag. only in E. (Cf. Lat. lu-crum, Goth. laun 'payment', Slav. loviti 'capture'; cf. [dialect] Dor. λᾱία, [dialect] Att. λεία 'booty'.)

λᾱρός, όν, poet. Adj.

A pleasant to the taste, dainty, sweet, in Hom. always of taste,

λαρὸν παρὰ δεῖπνον ἔθηκας Il.19.316

;

λαρὸν τετυκοίμεθα δόρπον Od.12.283

, 14.408; λαρόν τέ οἱ αἷμ' ἀνθρώπου sweet to it [the fly] is the blood of man, Il.17.572;

μέθυ λαρόν A.R.1.456

: [dialect] Ep. [comp] Sup.

λαρώτατος, οἶνος Od.2.350

: [comp] Comp. λαρότερον as Adv., Simon. 183.10.

2 pleasant to the smell,

ἀϋτμή Mosch.2.92

;

ἄνθεα λαρὰ φύοις IG14.1362

;

λαρὸν ὄδωδεν D.P.936

.

3 pleasant to the eye, lovely, AP9.525.12; ἄνθεμαλ. ib.15.11 = IG12(1).783 ([place name] Lindos).

4 pleasant to the ear, sweet to hear,

ἔπος A.R.3.933

, AP7.602 (Agath.); λαρὰ φθέγξατο Βακχυλίδης ib.9.571;

λ. χείλεα

uttering sweet sounds,

APl.4.226

(Alc.). [As ?λαρόςX ?λαρόςX can always be substituted for λᾱ- in Hom. and the [comp] Sup. is - ώτατος, λᾱρός is prob. [var] contr. fr. λᾰᾰρός or λᾰερός (this perh. fr. λαϝ-, cf. ἀπο-λαύω).]

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `delicious, sweet, fine' (Il.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: The superlative λαρώτατος points to a positive with orig. short stem-syllable; as further the first syllable can everywhere be replaced by two short syllables *Chantraint, Gramm. hom. 1, 33), we can assume a basis *λα(Ϝ)αρος or λα(Ϝ)ερος; further perh. to ἀπο-λαύω (Jurmann KZ 11, 399). Not with Kretschmer KZ 31, 295 from *λασερος to λιλαίομαι; diff.. Ehrlich KZ 41, 301 n. 2 (to Lith. lasùs `voracious').

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `spoils, esp. of plundered cattle, of war, of hunting', also `cattle, herd' (cf. Edgerton AmJPh 46, 177f.).

Other forms: (Att.), Ion. ληΐη, Dor. (Pi. O. 10, 44) λᾳα f.; besides ληΐς (Dor. λαΐς), - ίδος f. (Il.)

Compounds: Compp., e. g. λε-ηλατέω `drive away loot, esp. cattle' (Hdt., S., E., X.; after βο-, ἱππ-ηλατέω etc. from βο-, ἱππ-ηλά-της) with λεηλασ-ία, - ίη (X., A. R.), - άτησις (Aen. Tact.); ἀγε-λείη f. surn. of Athena `who drives on loot, provides' (Il.).

Derivatives: ληϊάς f. `the seized, captured' (Υ 193, A. R.); ληϊ̃τις f. ' ἀγελείη' (K 460; after the nom. in - ῖτις), 'ληϊάς' (A. R., Lyc.); ληΐδιος `belonging to the loot, captured' (AP, APl.). Denominat. verb ληΐζομαι, λεΐζομαι `make spoils, plunder' (Il.) with several nouns: 1. ληϊστός, λεϊστός `to be caried off as booty' (I 406, 408; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 14); 2. ληϊστύς f. `making booty, plundering `(Hdt. 5, 6; Porzig Satzinhalte 182); 3. *ληισμός in λῃ(ι)σμαδία αἰχμάλωτος, λεληισμένη H. - 4. ληϊστήρ, λῃστήρ m. `plunderer, pirate', f. λῄστειρα (Ael.), λῃστρίς (D., Herod.), with λῃστρικός `plundering' (IA.; cf. λῃστ-ικός below), λῃστή-ριον, Dor. λᾳσ- `gang of robbers,...nest, robbery' (Att., Cret.), λᾳστήριοι pl. `pirate' (hell. poetry); 5. ληΐστωρ, λῄσ- `id.' (ο 427); 6. ληϊστής, λῃσ-, λᾳσ- `id.' (IA.) with λῃστικός (often interchanged with λῃστρικός), λῃστεύω `rob, plunder' with λῃστεία `robbery' (Att.). Attempt to distinguish ληΐστωρ from ληϊστήρ, λῃστεία from ληϊστύς semantically by Benveniste Noms d'agent 30, 37, 69.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [655] * leh₂u- `plunder'

Etymology: The abstract λεία, ληΐη from *λᾱϜ-ία and the ιδ-derivation ληΐς from *λᾱϜ-ίδ- which stands beside it (not with Bechtel Lex. 215 after Fraenkel old ī-stem because of ληϊ̃τις, s. v.) can go back either on a noun *λᾱϜ(-ο)- v. t. or directly on a verb, which with zero-grade is supposed in ἀπο-λαύω; s. v., and Pok. 655. S. further λᾱρός and λήϊον.

See also: S. noch λᾱρός und λήϊον.

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Grammatical information: n.

Meaning: `standing crop, the fruits on the field, the green seeds' (Il., Arist.)

Other forms: Dor. λάϊον, λᾳ̃ον (Sophr., Theoc.)

Compounds: compp., e.g. λᾳ̃ο-τομέω `mow the seed' (Theoc.), πολυ-λήϊος `rich in seed' (E 613 etc.; cf. Bechtel Lex. s. ἀλήϊος).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: If λάϊον is a real Doric form, λήϊον can with Bq from *λά̄Ϝ-ιον as *'gain, produce' belong to ἀπο-λαύω (s. v.); on the formation cf. λεία (s. v.) from *λᾱϜ-ία. The connection with the group of λύω (Benfey a.o., s. Bq; cf. also λαῖον) seems to require PGr. *ληϜ-.

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Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `better, more desirable, more agreeable' (Semon. 7, 30); superl. λῳ̃στος (Thgn., trag.), ᾦ λῳ̃στε (Pl.); details in v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. v. 196, Seiler Steigerungsformen 88ff.

Other forms: Att. λῴων; ntr. λώϊον (Il.), Att. λῳ̃ον, with plur. λώϊα, λῳ̃α (Thgn., Theoc.) gen. τῶν λῴων (Chalcis II^p), also sing. m. λῳ̃ος (Hdn. Gr.); λωΐτερον (Od.), - ερος (A. R.), - έρη (Call., AP)

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: The first attested ntr. λῴϊον can be consiered both as ο-stem and as ν-stem; certain is the ο-stem only in the rare or late attested λώϊα, λῳ̃α, λῴων, λῳ̃ος. The ν-stem is ascertained by λωΐων and λῴονος, -ι (S.); the regularly alternating σ-stem appears in λῴω acc. sg. f. (S., Pl.) and λῴους acc. pl. f. (S.). From these data Leumann Mus. Helv. 2, 7ff. (= Kl. Schr. 220 f.) concluded, that the ο-forms originated as analogal formations to the wrongly as ο-stem interpreted λῴϊον and that λώϊον like λωΐων etc. is an old ν-stem (on the socalled absolute use Benveniste Noms d'agent 121ff.). Usually one takes with Güntert IF 27, 69ff. λωΐων etc. as transformed from a supposed positive λώϊον, λῳ̃ος (Bq, Brugmann-Thumb 247, Fraenkel Glotta 4, 44 n. 1 a. IF 59, 159f., WP. 2, 393, Risch 33c, Schwyzer 539). - The old connection with λῆν `will, desire' is by Güntert l.c. defended; as primary formations λωΐων, λῳ̃στος can as well go back on a verb as on a noun; cf. Leumann l.c. and Seiler Steigerungsformen l.c. Acc. to Curtius 363 a. o. (s. Bq) however to ἀπο-λαύω, λεία, λᾱρός (s. vv.), with perhaps Arm. law `good, better' (rejected by Güntert l.c.). Older attempts in Güntert and Bq, ans W.-Hofmann s. salvus.

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