πῐθᾰν-ός

πῐθᾰν-ός, ή, όν, ([etym.] πείθω) of persons,

A persuasive, plausible, esp. of popular speakers,

πιθανώτατος τοῖς πολλοῖς Th.6.35

; τῷ δήμῳ παρὰ πολὺ.. -ώτατος, of Cleon, Id.3.36, cf. 4.21; ἐν ὄχλῳ π. Pl.Grg. 458e;

- ώτατος πάντων ἀνθρώπων D.37.48

;

- ώτεροι οἱ ἀπαίδευτοι τῶν πεπαιδευμένων ἐν τοῖς ὄχλοις Arist.Rh. 1395b27

;

- ώτατοι οἱ ἐν τοῖς πάθεσιν Id.Po. 1455a30

;

π. καὶ πανοῦργος Plu.2.26a

;

π. συνταγματάρχης Luc. Bacch.2

: c. inf.,

- ώτατοι λέγειν Pl.Grg. 479c

; π. περιβαλεῖν τινα κακῷ apt at.., E.Or. 906;

πιθανώτατος στρατηγῆσαί τε καὶ προσαγαγέσθαι App.Hisp.15

, etc.: with a Prep., π. ἐς στρατηγίαν, ἐς ἐνέδρας, Id.Mith.51, Pun. 108, etc.

2 of arguments, plausible, Ar.Th. 464 (lyr.);

λέγων πιθανώτατ' Id.Eq. 629

; λόγος, φωναὶ π., Pl.Phd. 88d, R. 568c; λόγοι θαυμασίως ὡς π. D.35.16; τὸ περὶ λόγους π., = πιθανότης, Pl.Tht. 178e : freq. in Arist.Rh., as 1356b26, 1403b20;

μόνον ἐφρόντισαν τοῦ π. τοῦ πρὸς αὑτούς Id.Metaph. 1000a10

.

3 of manners, winning, plausible,

τὸ -ώτατον ἦθος X.Mem.3.10.3

;

τὸ π. ἰσχὺν τῆς ἀληθείας ἔχει μείζω Men.622

codd. Stob.;

οὐ π. ἔσχεν ὄχλῳ τὸ ἦθος Plu.Phoc.3

.

4 of reports, etc., plausible, specious, credible,

λόγος πιθανώτατος Hdt.1.214

, cf. 2.123;

π. τινί Pl.Lg. 677a

: c. inf., πιστεύεσθαι πιθανά ib. 782d; πιθανόν [ἐστι] c. inf., it is probable that.., Arist. Top. 151a29.

5 of works of art, producing illusion, true to nature, X.Mem.3.10.7 ([comp] Comp.).

II [voice] Pass., easy to persuade, credulous, A. Ag. 485 (lyr.), Pl.Grg. 493a.

2 obedient, docile, X.Cyr.2.2.10, Oec. 13.9 ([comp] Comp.).

III Adv. - νῶς persuasively, plausibly, Ar.Th. 268, Pl.Phdr. 269c, al.: [comp] Comp.

- ώτερον Id.Phd. 63b

, Grg. 456c, Arist.EN 1096b5.

πῐθᾰν-ότης, ητος, ἡ,

A persuasiveness, plausibility, of persons, Pib. 22.20.2, Plu.2.1040b(pl.).

2 of arguments, Pl.Lg. 839d, Cra. 402a;

π. τινὰ ἔχει ὁ λόγος Arist.EN 1097a4

, cf. Phld.Rh.1.209 S. ; πιθανότητας ἐλάμβανε κατὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων provided himself with plausible charges against.., Plb.27.15.9, cf. 12.26c.2, Ph.1.94(pl.).

πῐθᾰν-ουργία, ἡ,

A faculty of persuasion, Them.Or.26.330a.

πῐθᾰν-ουργικός, ή, όν,

A having the faculty of persuasion, Numen. ap. Eus.PE14.5; τέχνη art of persuasion, Pl.Sph. 222c sq.

πῐθᾰν-ουργός, όν,

A making probable, τῶν ἀπιθάνων Sch.Hermog.in Rh.7.218 W.

πῐθᾰν-όω,

A make probable, Arist.Rh. 1408a19.

     πιθανουργική

     πῐθᾰν-ουργική

    ἥ (sc. τέχνη) искусство убеждать Plat.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to trust, to rely, to obey, to be persuaded' (Il.).

Other forms: Fut. πείσομαι, aor. πιθέσθαι, πεπιθέσθαι, perf. πέποιθα (all Il.), aor. pass. πεισθῆναι, fut. - θήσομαι, perf. πέπεισ-μαι (Att.), midd. πείσασθαι (hell.), aor. ptc. πιθήσας (Il.), fut. πιθήσω (φ 369; on the explanation below s. ἀπιθής); act. πείθω, πείσω, πεπιθεῖν w. fut. πεπιθήσω, πεῖσαι (all Il.), πιθεῖν (Pi., A.), πέπεικα (young Att.) `convince, persuade'.

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, ἐπι-, παρα-, συν-. As 1. member in governing compp. like πείθ-αρχ-ος `obedient to the authorities' (A.) with - ία, - έω a.o. (Att.), Πεισί-στρατος PN; as 2. member after the σ-stems a.o. in ἀ-, εὑ-π(ε)ιθής (Thgn., A., Att.) with aor. ἀπίθ-ησε (Il.), fut. ἀπιθ-ήσω (Κ 129, Ω 300); after it the metr. easy πιθήσας with πιθήσω (diff. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 446).

Derivatives: A. From root-aorist: 1. πιστός `faithful, reliable, credible' (Il.) with πιστό-της f. `faith' (IA.), πιστ-εύω ( δια-, κατα- a.o.) `to rely, to trust, to believe, to confide' (IA.), from which - ευμα, - ευσις, - ευτικός; πιστ-όομαι ( κατα-, συν-, προ-), - όω `to trust entirely, to warrant, to assure; to make reliable' (Il.) with - ωμα, - ωσις, - ωτής, - ωτικός. 2. πίστις f. `faith, trust, authentication, assurance' (IA.) with πιστι-κός `faithful' (Plu., Vett. Val.; if not for πειστικός; s. below). 3. πιθανός `trustworthy, reliable, believable, obedient' (IA.) with πιθαν-ότης, - όω (Pl., Arist.). 4. πί-συνος `relying on somebody or something' (mostly ep. poet. Il.), prob. after θάρσυνος (Schwyzer 491, Wyss - συνη 13ff.). -- B. From present: 1. Πειθώ f. `(goddess of) persuasion, conviction, obedience' (Hes.), from there Boeot. aor. ἐπί-θωσε, - σαν (III<sup>a</sup>)?; Bechtel Dial. 1, 308 w. lit. 2. πειθός `(easily) pesuading, persuasive' (Ep. Cor.). 3. πειθήμων `obedient, persuasive' (late epic). -- C. From present resp. σ-aor. (younger): 1. πεῖσα f. `obedient' ( ἐν πείσῃ υ 23), like δόξα?; Chantraine Form. 100 a. 435, Schwyzer 516. 2. - πειστος as 2. member εὔ-, δυσανά-, ἀμετά-πειστος a.o. (Att.) opposed to older ἄπιστος. 3. πειστ-ικός `fit for persuasion, convincing' (Pl., Arist.), - ήριος `id.' (E.). 4. πεῖσ-μα n. `conviction, confidence' (Plu., Arr., S. E.), - μονή f. `id.' (Ep. Gal., pap.). 5. πεῖσις ( παρά-, κατά- πείθομαι) f. `conviction etc.' (Plot., Hdn., sch.); cf. older πίστις and Fraenkel Glotta 32, 27 w. lit. 6. πειστήρ m. `someone who obeys' (Suid.) 7. Πειστίχη f. surn. of Aphrodite (Delos; on the χ-suffix Chantraine Form. 404). -- D. From perfect: πεποίθ-ησις f. `trust' (LXX, Phld.), - ίαν ἐλπίδα, προσδοκίαν H.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 40.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [117] * bʰidʰ- `convince, trust'

Etymology: With πείθω agrees formally exactly the Lat. themat. root-present fīdō, - ere, IE * bheidh-ō; semant. agrees however the Lat. verb with middle πείθομαι (cf. confīsus sum). Formal identity we find also with the Germ. verb for `wait' in Goth. beidan, OHG bītan etc.; the semantic cleft ('wait (for)' from `trust' or `conform, restrain' ?) is however not yet bridged. The causative too Goth. baidjan `compel', OHG beitten etc. `urge, demand' is semantically divergent; after Specht KZ 66, 205 ff. an agreeing. Gr. *ποιθέω (to which the reduplicated aor. πεπιθεῖν) would have been replaced by act. πείθω. -- The Greek system including the nominal forms is quite explainable from itself; the various adduced nouns, esp. from Lat., like fīdus (formally = the innovated πειθός), fĭdēs, foedus (not to εὑ-πειθής or to πεῖσα), to which perh. also Alb. bē f. `oath' and OCS běda `need' (IE * bhoidhā), do not help understand the Greek forms. Quite doubtful is the connection of πιστός with Alb. besë f. `belief, treaty, faithfulness', appar. from * bhidh-tā f. (= *πιστη; Hamp KZ 77, 252f.); besë rather innovation (Jokl in W.-Hofmann). -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 139f., 185, Pok. 117, W.-Hofmann s. fīdō. Details on form and meaning of πείθομαι and derivv. in S. Schulz Die Wurzel πειθ- ( πιθ-) im älteren Griechischen. Diss. Bern 1952.

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