προ-ᾰλίσκομαι

προ-αλίσκομαι, vorher gefangen werden; vorher verurteilt werden

     προαλίσκομαι

     προ-ᾰλίσκομαι

    (fut. προᾰλώσομαι, aor. 2 προεάλων - стяж. προήλων)

    1) быть заранее (предварительно) схваченным

    

προηλωκότες ἀπήγοντο πρὸς τοὺς δικαστάς Plut. — будучи схвачены, они были отведены к судьям

    2) быть предварительно осужденным Dem.

πρό, κατά, ἀνά-ἁλίσκομαι

to be taken: pres ind mp 3rd sg (attic epic doric ionic aeolic parad-form prose)

προκατανᾱλίσκεται, πρό-καταναλίσκω

use up: pres ind mp 3rd sg

αἱρέω, [tense] impf.

A

ᾕρεον Il.24.579

, [dialect] Ion.

αἵρεον Hdt.6.31

, but [var] contr. ᾕρει even in Il.17.463,

ᾕρευν Hes.Sc. 302

: [tense] fut.

αἱρήσω Il.9.28

, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 ᾕρησα late ([etym.] ἀν-) Q.S.4.40, etc.: [tense] pf.

ᾕρηκα A.Ag. 267

, Th.1.61, etc., [dialect] Ion. ἀραίρηκα or αἵρηκα ([etym.] ἀν-) Hdt.5.102: [tense] plpf.

ἀραιρήκεε 3.39

:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.

αἱρήσομαι Il.10.235

, etc.: [tense] aor. 1

ᾑρησάμην Plb.38.13.7

s. v.l., Gal.19.53, etc.: [tense] pf. in med. sense

ᾕρημαι Ar.Av. 1577

, X.An.5.6.12, D.2.15, etc.: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.

ᾕρηντο Th.1.62

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

αἱρεθήσομαι Hdt. 2.13

, Pl.Mx. 234b; rarely

ᾑρήσομαι Id.Prt. 338c

: [tense] aor. ᾑρέθην and [tense] pf.

ᾕρημαι D.20.146

, al.; [tense] pf. part.

ἀραιρημένος Hdt.4.66

: plqf.

ᾕρηντο X. An.3.2.1

,

ἀραίρητο Hdt.1.191

, etc.—From [root ] ἑλ-: [tense] fut. ἑλῶ only late ([etym.] δι-) Test.Epict.6.18, ([etym.] ἀν-) D.H.11.18, ([etym.] καθ-) APl.4.334 (Antiphil.): [tense] aor.1 εἷλα ([etym.] ἀν-) Act.Ap.2.23, ([etym.] ἀν-) Epigr.Gr.314.24 ([place name] Smyrna): elsewh.[tense] aor.2

εἷλον Il.10.561

, etc., [dialect] Ep.

ἕλον 17.321

, [dialect] Ion.

ἕλεσκε 24.752

:— [voice] Med., [tense] fut.

ἑλοῦμαι D.H.4.75

, ([etym.] ἀφ-) Timostr.5, ([etym.] δι-) D.H.4.60, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Alciphr.1.9: [tense] aor. 1

εἱλάμην Epigr.Gr.314.5

([place name] Smyrna), ([etym.] ἀφ-) v.l. in Ath.12.546a, ([etym.] δι-) AP9.56 (Phil.): elsewh. [tense] aor. 2

εἱλόμην Il.16.139

, etc., [ per.] 2sg.

ἤλεο Sapph.Oxy.1787.6.3

:—Cret. forms

αἰλεθῇ Leg.Gort. 2.21

, ἀν-αιλῆθαι ib.7.10, al.:—the etym. is doubtful, and ἀγρέω (q.v.) prob. has a difft. root.

A [voice] Act., take with the hand, grasp, seize,

αἱ. τι ἐν χερσίν Od.4.66

; αἱ. τινὰ χειρός to take one by the hand, Il.1.323; κόμης τινά ib. 197;

μ' ἑλὼν ἐπὶ μάστακα χερσίν Od.23.76

: part. ἑλών adverbially,

κατακτεῖναί μ' ἑλών S.Ant. 497

;

ἄξω ἑλών Il.1.139

, cf. Pi.O.7.1; but ἔνθεν ἑλών having taken up [the song], Od.8.500.

2 take away,

ἀπ' ἀπήνης ᾕρεον ἄποινα Il.24.579

.

II take, get into one's power, νῆας ib.13.42; esp. take a city, 2.37, S.Ph. 347, etc.; overpower, kill, Il.4.457, etc.;

ἕλοιμί κεν ἤ κε ἁλοίην 22.253

:—freq. of passions, etc., come upon, seize,

χόλος Il.18.322

;

ἵμερος 3.446

;

ὕπνος 10.193

;

λήθη 2.34

, etc.: c. dupl.acc.,

τὸν δ' ἄτη φρένας εἷλε 16.805

; of disease, Pl.Tht. 142b.

2 catch, take,

ζωὸν ἑλεῖν Il.21.102

; take in hunting, Hes.Sc. 302, Hdt. 1.36, etc.; overtake, in a race, Il.23.345; get into one's power, entrap, S.OC 764, etc.; in good sense, win over, X.Mem.2.3.16, cf. 3.11.11, Pl.Ly. 205e, etc.

b c. part., catch, detect one doing a thing, S. Ant. 385, 655;

ἐπ' αὐτοφώρῳ ἑλεῖν E. Ion 1214

;

φῶρα ἐπὶ κλοπῇ ἑλεῖν Pl.Lg. 874b

.

3 generally, win, gain,

κῦδος Il.17.321

;

στεφάνους Pi.P.3.74

, etc.; esp. in games,

Ἴσθμι' ἑλὼν πύξ Simon.158

; with double sense, overcome and win,

ἑλέτην δίφρον τε καὶ ἀνέρε Il.11.328

;

ἕλεν Οἰνομάου βίαν παρθένον τε σύνευνον Pi.O.1.88

, cf. S.Tr. 353:— [voice] Pass., ἁγὼν ᾑρέθη the fight was won, S.OC 1148.

b generally, get, obtain, Pl.R. 359a, Ti. 64b, etc.

4 as law-term, convict,

τινά τινος Ar.Nu. 591

, Is.9.36, Aeschin.3.156;

εἷλέ σ' ἡ Δίκη E.

Heracl. 941, cf. Supp. 608: c. part., αἱ. τινὰ κλέπτοντα to convict of theft, Ar.Eq. 829, Pl.Lg. 941d; ᾑρῆσθαι κλοπεύς (sc. ὤν) S.Ant. 493, cf. 406.

b αἱ. δίκην, γραφήν get a verdict for conviction, Antipho 2.1.5, etc.; also ἑλεῖν τινα obtain a conviction against one, Is.7.13; ἑλεῖν τὰ διαμαρτυρηθ έντα convict the evidence of falsehood, Isoc.18.15.

c abs., get a conviction, οἱ ἑλόντες, opp. οἱ ἑαλωκότες, D.21.11; δολίοις ἕλε Κύπρις λόγοις Aphrodite won her cause.., E.Andr. 289, cf. Pl.Lg. 762b, etc.

d of a thing or circumstances which convict,

τοῦτ' ἔστιν ὃ ἐμὲ αἱρεῖ Id.Ap. 28a

.

5 ὁ λόγος αἱρέει reason or the reason of the thing proves, Hdt.2.33: c. acc. pers., reason persuades one, i.e. it seems good to one, Id.1.132, 7.41; ὡς ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱ. Hdt.2.43;

ὅπῃ ὁ λόγος αἱ. βέλτιστ' ἂν ἔχειν Pl.R. 604c

, cf. Lg. 663d: c. inf., R. 440b;

ὁ αἱρῶν λόγος Chrysipp.Stoic.3.92

; αἱρεῖ alone, proves, Plu.2.651b.

b τὸ αἱροῦν the sum due, PRyl.167.25 (i A. D.);

τὰ αἱροῦντα [τάλαντα] PGrenf.2.23.14

(ii B. C.), PRyl.88.19 (ii A. D.).

III grasp with the mind, understand, Pl.Phlb. 17e, 20d, Plt. 282d.

B [voice] Med., with [tense] pf. ᾕρημαι (v. supr.), take for oneself, ἔγχος ἑλέσθαι take one's spear, Il.16.140, etc.;

ἐκ γαίας λίθον A.Fr. 199

; δόρπον, δεῖπνον take one's supper, Il.7.370, 2.399; πιέειν δ' οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι Od.11.584; Τρωσὶν.. ὅρκον ἑλ. obtain it from.., Il.22.119; and so in most senses of the [voice] Act., with the reflexive force added.

II take to oneself, choose,

ἕταρον Il.10.235

, cf. 9.139, Od.16.149, etc.; prefer,

τι πρό τινος Hdt.1.87

;

τι ἀντί τινος X.An.1.7.3

, D.2.15;

τί τινος S.Ph. 1101

, cf. Theoc.11.49.

b c. inf., prefer to do, Hdt. 1.11, etc.;

ἑλέσθαι μᾶλλον τεθνάναι X.Mem.1.2.16

, cf. Pl.Ap. 38e;

μᾶλλον ἂν ἕλοιτό μ' ἢ τοὺς πάντας Ἀργείους λαβεῖν S.Ph.47

: without μᾶλλον, Pi.N.10.59, Lys.2.62.

c αἱ. εἰ .. to be content if., AP 12.68 (Mel.).

2 αἱ. τά τινων take another's part, join their party, Th.3.63, etc.; αἱ. γνώμην to adopt an opinion, Hdt.4.137.

3 choose by vote, elect to an office, αἱ. τινὰ δικαστήν, στρατηγόν, etc., Id.1.96, Eup.117, etc.; τινὰς ἀριστίνδην Lex ap.D.43.57;

αἱ. τινὰ ἐπ' ἀρχήν Pl.Men. 90b

;

αἱ. τινὰ ἄρχειν Id.Ap. 28e

, cf. Il.2.127.

C [voice] Pass., to be taken, Hdt.1.185, 191, 9.102; more commonly ἁλίσκομαι.

2 v. supr. A. 11.3.

II [voice] Pass. to med. sense, to be chosen, in [tense] pf.

ᾕρημαι A.Ag. 1209

, etc.; [dialect] Ion.

ἀραίρημαι Hdt.7.118

, 172, 173, al.;

στρατηγεῖν ᾑρημένος X.Mem.3.2.1

; ἐπ' ἀρχῆς ᾑρῆσθαι ib.3.3.2;

ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν παίδων ἀρχήν Pl.Lg. 809a

; τοῦ ἔτους.. ᾑρημένοι elected for the year.., IGRom.3.1422 (Bithyn.):—[tense] aor. ᾑρέθην is always so used, A.Th. 505, Ar.Av. 799, Th.7.31, etc.; [tense] pres. rarely, αἱροῦνται πρεσβευταί are chosen, Arist.Pol. 1299a19, cf. And.4.16.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `take, get into one's power', med. `take to himself, choose' (Il.).

Other forms: Aor., iterative-preterite ἕλεσκον

Compounds: Often with prefix: ἀφ-, ἀν-, ἐξ-, προ- usw. As 1. in ἑλέ-π(τ)ολις `conquering cities' surname of Helena (A. Ag. 689 [lyr.]), also name of a siege machine (Ph. Bel.); ἑλένα\<υ\>ς (A. ibid.) with reference to Helena.

Derivatives: ἕλωρ n. (only in nom.-acc. sg. and pl.) `plunder, capture, booty' (Il.); also (Schwyzer 470, n. 4) ἑλώριον `id.'.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: As some places suggest an anl. Ϝ- (diff. Solmsen Unt. 251 n. 1), Chantraine Form. 219, Gramm. hom. 1, 152 considers an alternation * swel-\/ sel- and connection with ἁλίσκομαι, Lat. vellō (unclear). Beside ἑλεῖν Germanic has a jot present Goth. saljan `offer, sacrifice', ONord. selja `render, sell', OHG sellen `render, give up' etc. (evt Gr. *ὁλέω) with the postverbal nouns ONord. sal(a) `rendition, sale', OHG sala `rendering' etc. Because of the meaning it is generally considered as a causative to ἑλεῖν ("nehmen machen"), which is unnecessary, cf. αἴνυμαι, also e. g. ONord. fā (= Goth. fahan) `take' and `give'. OCS sъlati `send' is doubtful, as is Lat. cōn-silium, s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. slatь and W.-Hofmann s. v. - As suppletive verb to ἑλεῖν we have αἱρέω (s. v.).

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