-
1 ἦ
ἦ, Adv., never in the form ἦε ([etym.] ἠέ):I TO CONFIRM an assertion, in truth, of a surety, , etc.; ironically, 1.229, al.; with concessive force, it is true that..: hence, although..,ἦ καὶ γένει ὕστερος ἦεν 3.215
: freq. strengthd. by the addition of one or two other Particles, asἦ ἄρα Od.24.193
;ἦ ἄρα δή Il.13.446
;ἦ ῥα 4.82
;ἦ ῥά νυ 6.215
;ἦ γάρ 1.78
;ἦ γάρ τοι Od.16.199
;ἦ δή Il.2.272
;ἦ δή που 21.583
; ;ἦ θην Il.20.452
; ;ἦ μάλα Il.3.204
;ἦ μάλα δή 5.422
; ἦ μήν and ἦ μέν (v. infr.);ἦ νυ Il.22.11
;ἦ τάχα Od.18.73
;ἦ τε 13.211
: and to express doubt, ἦ που, v. ἦ που and ποῦ: esp. ἦ μήν used in oaths and asseverations, Il.2.291, 7.393, A.Pr.73, 168, etc.; alsoἦ μάν Il.2.370
, 13.354, Sapph.Supp.23.5;ἦ μέν Od.10.65
(later εἶ μήν, v. εἷ): c. inf. in orat. obliq., after Verbs of swearing, etc.,σὺ δὲ σύνθεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μέν μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77
; ἦ μέν also in [dialect] Ion. historical Prose, Hdt.4.154, 5.93, al.;ἐγγυᾶσθαι, ἦ μὴν παραμενεῖν Pl. Phd. 115d
; ἐγγυητὰς καταστῆσαι ἦ μὴν ἐκτείσειν Lexap.D.24.39: with other Particles,ἦ μὲν δή Il.2.798
, Od.18.257, al.;ἦ δὴ μάν Il.17.538
.2 in the combinations ἐπεὶ ἦ, ὅτι ἢ and τί ἢ; A.D.Conj.255.5, Synt.307.19(cf. Hdn.Gr.1.520), recognizes an 'expletive' ἠ ([etym.] παραπληρωματικὸς σύνδεσμος) perispom. after ἐπεί, barytone after ὅτι or τί. It is prob. the same as the affirmative ἦ (cf. A.D.Conj.l.c.), and occurs in the same combinations,ἐπεὶ ἦ πολύ.. Il.1.169
, al.; ἐπεὶ ἦ μάλα ib. 156, Od.10.465;ἐπεὶ ἦ καί.. Il.20.437
, Od.16.442. Trypho took τίη as one word, and this can be supported byτί ἢ δὲ σύ.. Il.6.55
, but A.D. (Conj.l.c.) infers from the accent of ὅτι ἢ that τί ἢ was two words. The Attic accentuation is said by Eust.45 init., 118.39, 907.14 to be τιή, ὁτιή(qq. v.).3 this ἦ (or ἢ) is prob. to be recognized inὥς τε γὰρ ἦ Il.2.289
,ὥς τέ τευ ἦ Od.3.348
, 19.109, where codd. have ἢ (in Od.3.348 ἠδέ (cj. Bekker) shd. perh. be read for ἠέ).II in Questions not involving alternatives:1 Direct questions,a epexegetic of a preceding question, suggesting the answer to it, τίπτ' εἰλήλουθας; ἦ ἵνα ὕβριν ἴδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος; why hast thou come? is it that thou mayst see.. ? Il.1.203, cf. 5.466,7.26, Od.4.710,13.418, 17.376, B.17.5; τί δῆτα χρῄζεις; ἦ με γῆς ἔξω βαλεῖν; S.OT 622, cf. E.Or. 1425 (ἤ codd.); τίς σοι διηγεῖτο; ἦ αὐτὸς Σωκράτης; Pl.Smp. 173a (perispom., cod. B): on the accent, Hdn. Gr.2.112.b not epexegetic of a preceding question, ἦ σύ γ' Ὀδυσσεύς ἐσσι πολύτροπος; art thou the wily Odysseus? Od.10.330, cf. Il.11.666, 15.504; ἦ οὐκ ὀτρύνοντος ἀκούετε.. Ἕκτορος; do you not hear..? ib. 506, cf. Od.16.424; ἦ τὸ πλοῖον ἀφῖκται; Pl.Cri. 43c; ἦ οὐ δοκεῖ καὶ σοὶ οὕτω; don't you think so too? Id.Grg. 479b (perispom., cod. T); ἦ βούλει συλλογισώμεθα αὐτά; shall we work them (the consequences) out? ib. 479c (perispom., cod. T); ἦ τορῶς λέγω; A.Ag. 269; ἦ κἀν δόμοισι τυγχάνει τανῦν παρών; S.OT 757: freq. with other Particles, ἦ ἄρ.. ; Od.20.166, Il.19.56; mostly ἦ ῥα.. ; 5.421, 762, Od.4.632; also in Trag. (in lyr.), A.Pers. 633, S.Aj. 172, 955: esp. to mark the first of several questions, Pi.I.7(6).3 sqq.; ἦ ἄρα δή.. ; Il.13.446; ἦ ῥά νυ.. ; 4.93; ἦ νυ.. ; 15.128; ἦ ταῦτα δή.. ; S.Ph. 565, El. 385; ἦ ταῦτα δῆτα.. ; Id.OT 429; ἦ γάρ.. ; A.Pr. 745, 757, S.OT 1000: in [dialect] Att. Prose, ἦ γάρ; standing alone, is it not so? Pl.Tht. 160e, Grg. 449d, 468d; ἦ καί.. ; A.Ag. 1207, 1362:—ἦ usu. begins the sentence, except that the vocative may precede, as in Il.5.421, 762, Od.4.632, S.OC 863, 1102, or ἀλλά, as in A.Ag. 276, Ch. 774:—by Crasis ἦ combines with ἄρα in [dialect] Att. and the κοινή to ἆρα (q. v.), in all other dialects (cf. A.D.Conj.223.24 ) to ἦρα (q. v.), but ἆρα is found in Pi.P.4.78 ( ἄρα codd.), al., Archil.86, 89.2 Indirect questions, (v.l. εἰ, which alone has Ms. authority in Il.1.83, Od.19.325);ὄφρα καὶ Ἕκτωρ εἴσεται ἢ καὶ ἐμὸν δόρυ μαίνεται ἐν παλάμῃσιν Il.8.111
(v.l. εἰ) ; ἀλλ' ἄγε μοι τόδε εἰπὲ.. ἢ καὶ Λαέρτῃ αὐτὴν ὁδὸν ἄγγελος ἔλθω; Od.16.138 (v.l. εἰ) ; ἀμφίστασθαι ἦ κα πεφυτεύκωντι πάντα κὰτ τὰν συνθήκαν they shall investigate whether.. Tab.Heracl.1.125;μαντεύσασθαί οἱ.. ἦ λώϊόν οἵ κα εἴη Isyll.34
;διαφαφίξασθαι ἦ δοκεῖ αὐτὸν στεφανῶσαι IG12(3).170.12
([place name] Astypalaea): accented ἤ in codd. Hom., but it shd. perh. be perispom.------------------------------------ἦ, for ἔφη, [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf. or [tense] aor. 2 of ἠμί (q. v.). [full] ἦ, for ἦν, [dialect] Att. [var] contr. from lon. ἔα, [tense] impf. of εἰμί (A sum). -
2 ἔπειτα
ἔπειτα, [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Dor. [full] ἔπειτε( [full] ν) (q.v.), Adv., ([etym.] ἐπί, εἶτα):I of mere Sequence, without any notion of cause, thereupon, thereafter, then, freq. from Hom. downwds., as Il.1.48, 2.169, etc.: when in strong opposition to the former act or state, with past tenses, thereafter, afterwards; with future, hereafter,ἢ πέφατ' ἢ καὶ ἔ. πεφήσεται Il.15.140
; opp. αὐτίκα νῦν, 23.551; ὃς δ' ἔπειτ' ἔφυ, opp. ὅστις πάροιθεν ἦν, A.Ag. 171 (lyr.): in Hom.freq. with other Advs.,αὐτίκ' ἔ. Il.5.214
; αἶψα, ὦκα ἔ., 24.783, 18.527; evenἔνθα.. ἔ. Od.10.297
;δὴ ἔ. 8.378
: usu. with reference to a former act, just then, at the time, 1.106; freq. in narrative,πρῶτα μὲν.., αὐτὰρ ἔ. Il.16.497
; πρῶτον μέν.., folld. by ἔ. δέ.., Th.2.55, Pl.Ap. 18a, etc.; by ἔ. alone, Th.1.33, etc.; by ἔ. δέ.. ἔ. δέ.. ἔ..., X.Cyr.1.3.14; ἐπεὶ δέ.. ἔ... ἔ... ἔ. δέ, ib.8.3.24, al.;πρὶν μέν.., ἔ. δέ.. S.El. 724
;ἔ. γε Pl.Tht. 147c
, etc., f.l. in Ar.Th. 556; κἄπειτα, freq. in Trag., S.Aj.61, 305, etc.2 c. Art., τὸ ἔ. what follows,τό τ' ἔ. καὶ τὸ μέλλον καὶ τὸ πρίν Id.Ant. 611
(lyr.);τά τε πρῶτα, τά τ' ἔ., ὅσα τ' ἔμελλε τυχεῖν E.IT 1265
(lyr.);οἱ ἔ.
future generations,A.
Eu. 672;ὁ ἔ. βίος Pl.Phd. 116a
;εἰς τὸν ἔ. χρόνον Id.Phlb. 39e
, X.Cyr.1.5.9, OGI90.43 (Rosetta, ii B.C.);ἡ ἐς τὸ ἔ. δόξα Th.2.64
;ἐν τῷ ἔ. Pl.Phd. 67d
;ἐκ τοῦ ποτὲ εἰς τὸ ἔ. Id.Prm. 152b
.3 like εἶτα, with a finite Verb after a participle, μειδήσασα δ' ἔ. ἑῷ ἐγκάτθετο κόλπῳ she smiled and then placed it in her bosom, Il.14.223, cf. 11.730, etc.: freq. in Trag. and [dialect] Att., A.Th. 267, Eu.29, Pl.Phd. 82c: so freq. when part. and Verb are opposed, marking surprise or the like , and then, and yet, nevertheless,τὸ μητρὸς αἷμα.. ἐκχέας πέδοι ἔ. δώματ' οἰκήσει πατρός; A.Eu. 654
, cf. 438;χὤταν ἐν κακοῖσί τις ἁλοὺς ἔ. τοῦτο καλλύνειν θέλῃ S.Ant. 496
;ὅστις ἀνθρώπου φύσιν βλαστὼν ἔ. μὴ κατ' ἄνθρωπον φρονῇ Id.Aj. 761
; , cf. Av.29, Pl.Grg. 519e, Prt. 319d: adversatively, answeringμέν, πολλάκις μὲν ὥρμα.., ἔ... διεκωλύετο Id.R. 336b
;ἔτι μὲν ἐνεχείρησα.., ἔ... Id.Prt. 310c
, etc.; also κἄπειτα after a part., Ar.Nu. 624, Av. 536; cf.εἶτα 1.2
.4 in apodosi (never at the beginning of the clause; in Hom. freq. strengthd. by other Particles):a after a Temporal Conj., then, thereafter, ἐπεὶ δὴ σφαίρῃ πειρήσαντο, ὀρχείσθην δὴ ἔ. when they had done playing at ball, then they danced, Od.8.378; after ἐπεί, Il.16.247;ἐπὴν.. δὴ ἔ. Od.11.121
; ὁπότε, Il.18.545; ὅτε, 3.223;ὡς.. ἄρ' ἔ. 10.522
;ἦμος.. καὶ τότ' ἔ. 1.478
.b after a Conditional Conj., then surely, εἰ δ' ἐτεὸν δὴ.. ἀγορεύεις, ἐξ ἄρα δή τοι ἔ. θεοὶ φρένας ὤλεσαν if thou speakest sooth, then of a surety have the gods infatuated thee, 7.360, cf. 10.453, Od.1.290, etc.; so after ἤν, Il.9.394; also when the apodosis takes the form of a question, εἰ μὲν δὴ ἕταρόν γε κελεύετέ μ' αὐτὸν ἑλέσθαι, πῶς ἂν ἔ. Ὀδυσῆος λαθοίμην; how can I in such a case? 10.243; when a condition is implied in relat. Pron., ὃν ( = εἴ τινα)μέν κ' ἐπιεικὲς ἀκουέμεν, οὔ τις ἔ. τόν γ' εἴσεται 1.547
; ὃν ( = εἴ τινα)δέ κ' ἐγὼν ἀπάνευθε μάχης ἐθέλοντα νοήσω μιμνάζειν, οὔ οἱ ἔ. ἄρκιον ἐσσεῖται 2.392
.II of Sequence in thought, i.e. Consequence or Inference, then, therefore,ξεῖν', ἐπεὶ ἂρ δὴ ἔ... μενεαίνεις Od.17.185
, cf. Il.15.49, 18.357;οὐ σύ γ' ἔ. Τυδέος ἔκγονός ἐσσι 5.812
; rarely at the beginning,ἔπειθ' ἑλοῦ γε θάτερα S.El. 345
.2 in telling a story, νῆσος ἔ. τις ἔστι now, there is an island, Od.4.354, cf. 9.116.3 in [dialect] Att. freq. to introduce emphatic questions, why then.. ?ἔ. τοῦ δέει; Ar.Pl. 827
, cf. Th. 188, Nu. 226; mostly to express surprise, or to sneer, and so forsooth..? and so really..? ἔ. οὐκ οἴει φροντίζειν [τοὺς θεοὺς τῶν ἀνθρώπων]; X.Mem.1.4.11; so (anap.), Ar.Ach. 126, Av. 963, X.Smp.4.2; freq. with δῆτα added,ἔ. δῆτα δοῦλος ὢν κόμην ἔχεις; Ar.Av. 911
, cf. 1217, Lys. 985, E.Alc. 822. -
3 ἀλλά
I in simple oppositions, but,1 after neg. clauses,οὐ κακός, ἀλλ' ἀγαθός Thgn.212
;οὐδὲ μὲν Ἕκτωρ μίμνεν, ἀλλ'.. ἐφορμᾶται Il.15.690
, etc.b after a simple neg.,ἦ παραφρονεῖς; οὔκ, ἀλλ' ὕπνος μ' ἔχει Ar.V.9
, etc.c freq. after οὐ μόνον, μὴ μόνον, with or withoutκαί, οὐ μόνον ἅπαξ, ἀ. πολλάκις Pl.Phdr. 228a
, cf. Th. 3.59, X.Mem.1.4.13, etc.; withoutμόνον, οὐχ ἑσπέρας, ἀλλὰ καὶ μεσημβρίας E.Fr. 1006
: also after οὐχ (or μὴ ( ὅτι, οὐχ (or μὴ) ὅπως, either, not only.. but..,μὴ ὅτι ἰδιώτην τινά, ἀλλὰ τὸν μέγαν βασιλέα Pl.Ap. 40d
;μὴ ὅτι κατὰ τὸ σῶμα, ἀλλὰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν Id.Smp. 207e
; or, not only not.. but..,οὐχ ὅπως κωλυταὶ.. γενήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ.. περιόψεσθε Th.1.35
;οὐχ ὅτι ὠργίζοντο, ἀλλ' ἐζήλουν D.19.265
; the neg. form is ἀλλ' οὐδέ, μὴ ὅτι ὑπὲρ ἄλλου, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ὑπὲρ ἐμαυτοῦδίκην εἴρηκα Is.10.1
, etc.2 in the apodosis of hypothetical sentences, still, at least,εἴπερ γάρ τε.. ἀλλά τε Il.1.82
, etc.: in Prose, esp. ἀλλ' οὖν.. γε orἀλλά.. γε, εἰ καὶ σμικρά, ἀ. οὖν ἴση γε ἡ χάρις Hdt.3.140
; εἰ μή (sc. ὁρῶ) , ἀλλ' ἀκούω γε, Pl.Grg. 470d, cf. Isoc.3.15,al.;εἰ μηδέν ἐστι τελευτήσαντι, ἀλλ' οὖν τοῦτόν γε τὸν χρόνον ἧττον ἀηδὴς ἔσομαι Pl.Phd. 91b
(in later Gk. ἀλλά γε may be in juxtaposition,εἰ ἄλλοις οὐκ εἰμὶ ἀπόστολος, ἀλλά γε ὑμῖν εἰμί 1 Ep.Cor.9.2
, and ἀ. γε δή is found with vv. Il. in Pl.Phdr. 262a); εἰ καὶ μετέχουσι.. ἀλλ' οὐ .. Arist. Pol. 1282a11:—less freq. after Conjunctions of Time, asἐπεὶ δή Od.14.151
; .b after Hom., ἀ. is used elliptically, esp. with Advbs. of Time, ὦ θεοὶ πατρῷοι, συγγένεσθέ γ' ἀ. νῦν (sc. εἰ μὴ πρότερον, ἀ. νῦν γε) S.El. 411, cf. Ant. 552, E.Heracl. 565;ἀ. τῷ χρόνῳ Id.Med. 912
; ἐὰν οὖν ἀ. νῦν γ' ἔτι, i.e.ἐὰν οὖν [μὴἄλλοτε], ἀ. νῦν γε .. if then now at least ye still.., D.3.33, cf. Lys.10.15:—without an Adv. of Time, at least, , cf. S.OC 1276, E.HF 331.3 sts.= ἀλλ' ἤ (q.v.), except, but, οὔτι μοι αἴτιος ἄλλος, ἀ... τοκῆε no one else, but.., Od.8.312;οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀ. οὐρανὸς ἠδὲ θάλασσα 12.404
;ἔπαισεν οὔτις ἀ. ἐγώ S.OT 1331
;ἡδέα.. οὐκ ἔστιν ἀ. τούτοις Arist.EN 1176a22
, cf. 1152b30: cf. reverse process in our word but=be out, except:—sts. with force of ἤ after comparatives, τάφον, οὐκ ἐν ᾧ κεῖνται μᾶλλον, ἀ.ἐν ᾧ ἡ δόξα κτλ. not that in which they are lying, but far more.., Th.2.43;οὐχ ὅπλων τὸ πλέον, ἀ. δαπάνης Id.1.83
.4 with neg. after an affirmative word or clause, to be rendered simply by not,ἀγαθῶν, ἀ. οὐχὶ κακῶν αἴτιον Lys.14.16
;τῶν σπουδαίων, ἀ. μὴ τῶν φαύλων Isoc.1.2
;ἐκεῖθεν, ἀ. οὐκ ἐνθένδε ἡρπάσθη Pl.Phdr. 229d
:—after a question, τί δεῖ ἐμβαλεῖν λόγον περὶ τούτου, ἀ. οὐχὶ προειπεῖν; X.Cyr.2.2.19, cf. Isoc.15.229, etc.b without neg.,μικρὸς μὲν ἔην δέμας, ἀ. μαχητής Il.5.801
.II to oppose whole sentences,but, yet:1 freq. in transitions, as Il.1.135, 140, etc.; ἀ. καὶ ὥς .. 1.116; ἀ. οὐδ' ὥς .. Od. 1.6:—after Hom. in answers and objections, nay but.., well but.., freq. with negs., esp. in making and answering objections, Ar. Ach. 402, 407; also in affirmative answers, Pl.Prt. 330b, Grg. 449a, etc.:—repeated in a succession of questions or objections, πότερον ᾔτουν σέ τι.. ; ἀ. ἀπῄτουν; ἀ. περὶ παιδικῶν μαχόμενος; ἀ. μεθύων ἐπαρῴνησα; X.An.5.8.4, cf. Pl.Thg. 123e, Isoc. 17.47; ἀ. μήν .., answered by ἀ .., Arist.Pol. 1287a23:—in vehement answers Pl. often uses νὴ τοὺς θεοὺς ἀ..., μὰ Δἴ ἀ .., Grg. 481c, Phlb. 36a, cf. Alc.1.110b, c:—at beginning of speech, to introduce a general objection, Od.4.472, cf.X.Smp.1, Men.Georg.22.2 with imper. or subj., to remonstrate, encourage, persuade, etc., freq. in Hom., ἀ. ἄγε, ἴθι, Il.1.210, 11.611;ἀ. ἴομεν 6.526
;ἀ. πίθεσθε 1.259
; after voc.,ὦ Φίντις, ἀ. ζεῦξον Pi.O.6.22
, cf. Tyrt. 10.15, etc.; answered by a secondἀ., ἀ. περιμένετε. ἀ. περιμενοῦμεν Pl.R. 327b
; , cf. Ant. 1029, etc.3 to break off a subject abruptly,ἀ. τά γε Ζεὺς οἶδεν Od.15.523
; ἀ. ταῦτα μὲν τί δεῖλέγειν; S.Ph.11, cf. Tr. 467, etc.4 in resuming an address after parenthesis, Pi.O.2.12, 4.7.5 in elliptical phrases, οὐ μὴν ἀ., οὐ μέντοι ἀ ... it is not [so], but.., ὁ ἵππος πίπτει καὶ μικροῦ αὐτὸν ἐξετραχήλισεν· οὐ μὴν [ἐξετ ραχήλισεν] ἀ. ἐπέμεινεν ὁ Κῦρος it did not however [throw him], but.., X.Cyr.1.4.8;οὐ μέντοι ἀ. Pl.Smp. 173b
;οὐ γὰρ ἀ. Ar.Ra.58
, 498:—afterδέ, ὑμεῖς δέ μ' ἀ. παιδὶ συμφονεύσατε E.Hec. 391
.III when joined with other Particles, each retains proper force, as,1 ἀλλ' ἄρα, used by Hom. in transitions, Il.6.418, 12.320, etc.; later, to introduce an objection, Pl. Ap. 25a; in questions, ἀλλ' ἆρα .. ; Id.R. 381b.2 ἀλλ' οὖν, concessive, at all events, Ar.Ra. 1298;τοὺς πρώτους χρόνους ἀ. οὖνπροσεποιοῦνθ' ὑμῖν εἶναι φίλοι Aeschin.3.86
; well then, Pl.Prt. 310a; but then, however, with γε following, Hdt.3.140, S.Ant.84, E.Cyc. 652, Isoc.3.18, etc.; ἀλλ' οὖν γε in apodosi, v. supr. 1.2.3 ἀλλὰ γάρ, freq. with words between, but really, certainly, as ἀλλὰ γὰρ Κρέοντα λεύσσω.., παύσω γόους, but this is irreg. for ἀλλά, Κρέοντα γὰρ λεύσσω, παύσω γόους, E.Ph. 1308, cf. S.Ant. 148; for the reg. order cf. S. Ph.81, E.Heracl. 480, Med. 1067; freq. elliptical, the Verb being understood, Hdt.8.8, A.Pr. 941, S.Ant. 155: in Hom. only with negs.,ἀλλ' οὐ γάρ Il.7.242
, Od.14.355, al., cf. S.OT 1409; ἀ. γὰρ δή, ἀ. γάρ τοι, S.Aj. 167, Ph.81.4 ἀ. εἰ .. quid si.. ? Il.16.559.5 ἀ. ἦ in questions, chiefly of surprise or remonstrance, A. Ch. 220, S.El. 879, Ar.Ach. 1111; ἀλλ' ἦ, τὸ λεγόμενον, κατόπιν ἑορτῆς ἥκομεν; Pl.Grg. 447a, cf. Prt. 309c.6 ἀ. followed by strengthening Particle,ἀλλ' ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται Il. 17.514
; esp. c. imper., 1.211, al.;ἀλλά τοι Od. 15.518
, A.Pers. 795, etc.; ἀ. μέντοι, with or without γε, Pl.Smp. 214e, Hp.Ma. 287d, al.; ἀ. μήν, v. μήν; ἀ. δή, mostly with words between, S. Aj. 1271, OC 586, Isoc.4.109, etc.; without intervening words, Pl.Ap. 37c, al.;ἀ. δῆτα Id.Hp.Ma. 285c
;ἀ. μὲν δὴ καὶ αὐτός Id.Tht. 143b
, cf. S.El. 103. -
4 πῶς
A how? Il.1.123, etc.; sts. to express displeasure, 4.26, S.OT 391, Ph. 1031, Tr. 192; to express astonishment or doubt, π. εἶπας; A.Pers. 798, S.El. 407, etc.; π. λέγεις; Id.Ph. 1407; π. φῄς; A.Ag. 268, E.El. 575; π. τοῦτ' ἔλεξας; A.Pers. 793; π. τοῦτ' εἶπες αὖ; Pl.Plt. 309c; also π. μὴ φῶμεν.. ; surely we must, Id.Tht. 161e.b in dialogue, to ask explanation, with a repetition of a word used by the previous speaker, δίκαια— Answ. π. δίκαια; S.OC 832; μὴ δίκαιος ὤν—Answ. π. μὴ δίκαιος; Id.Tr. 412; συμβολάς—Answ. π. συμβολάς; Alex.143; πῶς alone, how so, π., ὅς γε.. ; S.Ph. 1386.2 with a second interrog. in the same clause, π. ἐκ τίνος νεώς ποτε.. ἥκετε; how and by what ship..? E.Hel. 1543; τί τἀμὰ—π. ἔχει—θεσπίσματα; ib. 873; π. τί τοῦτο λέγεις; how say you and what? Pl.Ti. 22b, cf. Tht. 146d, 208e, etc.3 c. gen. modi, π. ἀγῶνος ἥκομεν; how are we come off in it? E.El. 751;π. ἔχει πλήθους ἐπισκοπεῖ Pl.Grg. 451c
.4 with Verbs of selling, how? at what price? π. ὁ σῖτος ὤνιος; Ar.Ach. 758, cf. Eq. 480; τὰ δ' ἄλφιθ' ὑμῖν π. ἐπώλουν;—Answ.τεττάρων δραχμῶν.. τὸν κόφινον Stratt.13
.II with other Particles, π. ἂν..; π. κε (ν).. ; how possibly..? π. ἂν ἔπειτ' ἀπὸ σεῖο.. λιποίμην οἶος; Il.9.437, cf. Od. 1.65, etc.; π. ἂν γένοιτ' ἂν.. ποδῶν ἔκμακτρον; E.El. 534: so with indic., Il.22.202, E.Alc.96 (lyr.), etc.b in Trag., π. ἄν c. opt. is freq. used to express a wish, O how might it be? i.e. would that it might..! π. ἂν θάνοιμι; π. ἂν ὀλοίμην; etc., S.Aj. 388 (lyr.), E.Supp. 796 (lyr.), cf. Hipp. 208 (anap.), 345; rare in Com., Ar.Th.22 (a trace of this usage appears in Hom., Od.15.195): in later Prose, π. ἂν γένοιτο ἑσπέρα; LXX De.28.67; also with [tense] aor. subj. (without ἄν) , π. κοιμηθῶ; M.Ant.9.40; π. μή μοι μέγας λέων ἐπιφανῇ; Arr.Epict.4.10.10; with [tense] pres., π. μὴ χρῄζω; M.Ant.l.c.2 π. ἄρα.. ; in reply, how then? π. τ' ἄρ' ἴω.. ; Il.18.188, cf. Od.3.22, h.Ap.19, 207.3 π. γὰρ.. ; also in reply, as if something had gone before, [ that cannot be], for how can..? Il.1.123, Od.10.337, etc.; π. γὰρ κάτοιδα; S. Ph. 250, cf. 1383; v. infr. 111.1.4 π. δὲ.. ; to introduce a strong objection, π. δὲ σὺ νῦν μέμονας, κύον ἀδδεές.. ; Il.21.481, cf. Od.18.31; δόξει δὲ π.; A.Pr. 261.5 π. δή; how in the world? π. δὴ φῂς πολέμοιο μεθιέμεν; Il.4.351, cf. 18.364, A.Ag. 543, etc.; also π. γὰρ δή.. ; Od.16.70; π. δῆτα.. ; A.Ag. 622, 1211, Ar.Nu.79, etc.6 π. καὶ.. ; just how..? E.Hec. 515, Ph. 1354, etc.; π. δὲ καὶ.. ; A.Pers. 721, v. καί B.6; but καὶ π... ; to introduce an objection, E.Ph. 1348, v. καί A. 11.2: hence καὶ π.; alone, but how? impossible! Pl.Alc.1.134c, Tht. 163d, etc.7 π. οὐ.. ; how not so..? i.e. surely it is so.., π. οὐ δεινὰ εἴργασθε; Th.3.66, cf. Ar.Nu. 398, D.18.273.8 π. οὖν.. ; like π. ἄρα. . ; A.Supp. 297, 340, S.OT 568, etc.; π. ἂν οὖν.. with opt., A.Pers. 243, E.IT98.1 π. γάρ; inserted parenthet. in a negative sentence, for how is it possible? how can or could it be? hence in emphatic denial, κἀγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἔδρασα, τοῦτ' ἐπίσταμαι, οὐδ' αὖ σύ· π. γάρ; Id.El. 911; οὐκ ἀπορῶν ([etym.] π. γάρ;), ὅς γε.. D.18.312
, cf. 21.217, Pl.Sph. 263c, etc.; οὐδ' ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν καταφυγών ([etym.] π. γὰρ ἄν;), ὅστις.. Lys.1.27
; π. γὰρ οὔ; how can it but be? i.e. it must be so, A.Ch. 754, S.El. 1307, Pl.Tht. 160c, al.; π. γάρ; (sc. ἄλλως ἔχει ) is so used in S.Aj. 279.3 π. δ' οὔ; like π. γὰρ οὔ; (v. supr. 1), Pl.Tht. 153b, R. 457a; π. δ' οὐχί; S.OT 1015, Ar. Pax 1027; parenthetically, S.OT 567; π. δ' οὐκ ἄν.. ; A.Pr. 759.5 π. δοκεῖς; parenthet., in conversation, how think you? hence (losing all interrog. force),= λίαν, wonderfully, Ar.Pl. 742, Nu. 881, Ach.24; alsoπ. οἴει σφόδρα Id.Ra.54
; cf.δοκέω 1.2
.IV π. in indirect questions for ὅπως, A.Eu. 677, S.Tr. 991 (anap.), Ar.Eq. 614, X.Mem.1.2.36, etc.;ἐθαύμαζον ἂν π... ἔδεισαν IG12(3).174.28
(Cnidus, Epist.Aug.);ζητηθήσεται π. ὅτι καὶ τοῦτο ἀληθές ἐστι S.E. M.8.16
.V in exclamations,ὦ π. πονηρόν ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου φύσις τὸ σύνολον Philem.2
; π. παραχρῆμα ἐξηράνθη.. ! Ev.Matt.21.20; π. δυσκόλως.. ! Ev.Marc.10.23. -
5 ἐπαινέω
ἐπαιν-έω, [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἐπαίνημι Simon.5.19; [dialect] Lacon. [full] ἐπαινίω Ar.Lys. 198: [tense] impf. ἐπῄνεον Il 3.461 (tm.): [tense] fut.A- έσω Semon.7.29
, S.El. 1057, E.Andr. 465 (lyr.), Heracl.[300], Pl.Smp. 214e (dub. l.), X.An.1.4.16, 5.5.8: but more freq. (lyr.), Pl.Smp. 199a, R. 379e, 383a, X.HG3.2.6, D.2.31, etc.; poet.- ήσω Thgn.93
codd., Pi. P.10.69: [tense] aor. 1 , Th.1.86, etc. (v. infr.); poet. (not Trag.)ἐπῄνησα Il.2.335
, 18.312, Thgn.876, Pi.P.4.168, 189: also [dialect] Aeol. prose, Schwyzer622.21, 623.31, 636.17 (but- έσαι 623.34
): [tense] pf.ἐπῄνεκα Isoc.12.207
,261, Pl.Plt. 307a, etc.:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.ἐπῃνησάμην Them.Or.16.200c
; :—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.ἐπαινεθήσομαι And.2.13
, Pl.R. 474d; later codd.: [tense] aor.ἐπῃνέθην Th.2.25
, Isoc.12.146, etc.; but (Istropolis, ii B. C.): [tense] pf.ἐπῄνημαι Hp.Acut.51
, Isoc.12.233: = αἰνέω (for which it is regularly used in [dialect] Att.):—approve, applaud, commend, in Hom. mostly abs.,ἐπὶ δ' ᾔνεον ἄλλοι Ἀχαιοί Il.3.461
, etc.: c. acc. rei, ;μῦθον ἐ. πρεσβυτέροισι h.Merc. 457
;σύνθεσιν Pi.P.4.168
: c. dat. pers., agree with, side with,Ἕκτορι μὲν γὰρ ἐπῄνησαν Il.18.312
: abs., assent, agree, Ar.Av. 1616; ἐπαινεσάντων δ' αὐτῶν on their assent, Th.4.65.2 praise, commend in any way (the usu. sense in [dialect] Att. and Trag.), τινά or τι, Alc. 37A, Hdt.3.34,6.130;τὸ λίαν ἧσσον ἐ. τοῦ μηδὲν ἄγαν E.Hipp. 264
; ἐ. τινά τι commend one for a thing, but in this case the thing is always a neut. Pron. or Adj.,τὰ μέν σ' ἐπαινῶ A.Pr. 342
(cf. 111);πάντ' ἔχω σ' ἐπαινέσαι S.Aj. 1381
, cf. Pl.Smp. 222a; in Din.3.22 ἐπαινεῖσθαι ταῖς ζητήσεσιν, < ἐπί> shd. be read;ἐπί τινι.. καὶ διότι Inscr.Prien. 44.17
(ii B. C.);εἴς τι Pl.Alc.1.111a
;κατά τι D.S.1.37
; ; alsoἐ. τινά τινος Plu.2.1c
, Luc.Herm.42 (but ἐ. τί τινος praise something in some one, Pl.Prt. 361d): c.acc. cogn.,ἔπαινον ἐ. Id.La. 181b
: c. part.,ἐπαινέσεσθαί τινα ἀνασχόμενον D.21.73
;ἐ. τινὰ ὅτι.. Pl.Grg. 471d
; ἐ. τινὰ πρός τινα praise one man to another, Id.R. 501c; esp. compliment publicly,[Βρασίδας] πρῶτος τῶν κατὰ τὸν πόλεμον ἐπῃνέθη ἐν Σπάρτῃ Th.2.25
; freq. in honorary Inscrr., cf. IG22.102, Inscr.Prien. l.c., etc.: c. dat. pers.,τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Σαμίων IG12.101.2
, cf. SIG604.11 (Delph., ii B. C.).3 of things,[πολιτεία] ὑπὸ πάντων -ουμένη Isoc.12.118
, cf. Arist.Pol. 1289a1;νόμοι -ούμενοι Id.Rh. 1375b24
; approve,πόλις ἄλλως ἄλλοτ' ἐ. τὰ δίκαια A.Th. 1077
.4 agree to or undertake to do,ῥώμην μ' ἐπαινῶ λαμβάνειν E.Andr. 553
;ἐ. εἰς τὸ λοιπόν PTeb.8.18
(iii B. C.).5 [tense] aor. ἐπῄνεσα in [dialect] Att. in [tense] pres. sense, ἐπῄνεσ' ἔργον I commend it, S.Aj. 536: abs., well done! Id.Fr. 282, Ar.Ach. 485, cf. E.Alc. 1095, Med. 707.II = παραινέω, recommend, advise,τοιούσδ' ἐπαινεῖς δῆτα δὺ κτᾶσθαι φίλους; S.Aj. 1360
, cf. A.Th. 596, Supp. 996: c. dat. et inf., ; σιγᾶν ἐπῄνεσ' (cf.1.5) S.El. 1322, cf. OC 665.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπαινέω
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6 ἔργον
ἔργον, [dialect] Dor. [full] ϝέργον IG4.800 (vi B. C.), Elean [full] ϝάργον SIG9 (vi B.C.), τό: (ἔρδω, OE.A weorc (neut.) 'work', Avest. var[schwa]za-):— work, Il.2.436, etc.;ἔ. οὐδὲν ὄνειδος, ἀεργίη δέ τ' ὄνειδος Hes.Op. 311
;πλεόνων δέ τε ἔ. ἄμεινον Il.12.412
;ἔ. ἐποίχεσθαι 6.492
;νῦν ἔπλετο ἔ. ἅπασι 12.271
; esp. in pl.,ἄλλος ἄλλοισιν..ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις Od. 14.228
;ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο Il.3.422
;ἔργων παύσασθαι Od.4.683
; τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε see to thine own tasks, Il.6.490 : esp. in the following relations,1 in Il. mostly of works or deeds of war,πολεμήϊα ἔ. Il.2.338
, al., Od.12.116 ;ἔργον μάχης Il.6.522
; alone,ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ 4.175
, cf. 539 ;ὑπέσχετο δὲ μέγα ἔργον 13.366
; ; later,ἔργον.. Ἄρης κρινεῖ A.Th. 414
; ἐν τῷ ἔ. during the action, Th.2.89, cf.7.71 ;τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς ἔ. Pl.Mx. 241c
;τῶν πρότερον ἔ. μέγιστον ἐπράχθη τὸ Μηδικόν Th.1.23
; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι to engage in battle, ib.49.2 of peaceful contests,κρατεῖν ἔ. Pi.O.9.85
;ἔργου ἔχεσθαι Id.P.4.233
; also ἔργα θῆκε κάλλιστ' ἀμφὶ κόμαις placed [the reward of] noble deeds about his hair, Id.O.13.38.3 of works of industry,a of tillage, tilled lands,ἀνδρῶν πίονα ἔ. Il.12.283
, etc. ;ἔργ' ἀνθρώπων 16.392
, Od.6.259 ;βροτῶν 10.147
; οὔτε βοῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν φαίνετο ἔργα ib.98 ; ἔργα alone, 16.140, etc.; Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι—the title of Hesiod's work ; πατρώϊα ἔ. their father's lands, Od.2.22 ; οὔτ' ἐπὶ ἔργα..ἴμεν will neither go to our farms, ib. 127, cf. 252 ; Ἰθάκης..ἔργα the tilled lands of Ithaca, 14.344 ; ἀμφὶ.. Τιταρησσὸν ἔργ' ἐνέμοντο inhabited lands, Il.2.751 ;τὰ τῶν Μυσῶν ἔ. Hdt.1.36
; so later, PBaden 40.5 (ii A.D.) : generally, property, wealth, possessions,θεὸς δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ Od.14.65
, cf. 15.372.b of women's work, weaving, Il.9.390, etc. ; ἀμύμονα ἔ. ἰδυίας ib. 128 ;ἔργα ἐργάζεσθαι Od.22.422
, 20.72.c of other occupations, θαλάσσια ἔ. fishing, 5.67 ; a seaman's life, Il.2.614 : periphr., δαιτὸς..ἔργα works of feasting, 9.228 ;φιλοτήσια ἔ. Od.11.246
;ἔργα γάμοιο Il.5.429
;ἔργα Κυπρογενοῦς Sol.26
;Ἀφροδίτης h.Ven.1
; alsoτέκνων ἐς ἔ. A.Ag. 1207
: abs.,ἔργον Luc.DDeor.17.1
, AP12.209 (pl., Strat., s.v.l.); alsoἔργα ἰσχύος καὶ τάχους X.Cyr.1.2.12
; φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις, of flowers, Theoc.22.42 ; of mines, etc.,ἔ. ἀργυρεῖα X.Vect.4.5
, D.21.167, etc.; ἔργα πίσσια dub. l. in Plu.Cat.Ma.21.4 deed, action,ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Od.1.338
;θέσκελα ἔ. Τρώων Il.3.130
;ἀήσυλα ἔ. 5.876
; καρτερά, ἀεικέα ἔ., ib. 872,22.395; παλίντιτα, ἄντιτα ἔ., Od.1.379, 17.51 ;ἔργα ἀποδέκνυσθαι Hdt.1.16
, cf. Pl.Alc.1.119e, D.C.37.52 ; opp. ἔπος, deed, not word (v.ἔπος 11.1
) ; opp. μῦθος, Il. 9.443, 19.242, A.Pr. 1080 (anap.), etc.; opp. λόγος, S.El. 358, E.Alc. 339 ; ἔργῳ, opp. λόγῳ, freq. in [dialect] Att., etc., Th.2.65, etc.: so in pl.,λόγῳ μὲν..τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισιν S.OC 782
, cf. E.Fr.360.13 ; ; opp. ῥήματα, Id.OC 873 ; opp. ὄνομα, E.IA 128 (anap.), Th.8.78,89 ; in many phrases,πέπρακται τοὔργον A.Pr.75
, cf. Ag. 1346 ;χωρῶ πρὸς ἔργον S.Aj. 116
; τὸ μὲν ἐνθύμημα χαρίεν.., τὸ δὲ ἔ. ἀδύνατον its execution, X.An.3.5.12 ; ἐν ἔργῳ χέρνιβες ξίφος τε ready for action, E.IT 1190 ;ἡ κατάρα ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος εἰς ἔ. ἤγετο Jul.Or.7.228b
.II thing, matter, πᾶν ἔ...ὑπείξομαι in every point, Il.1.294 ;ἃ Ζεὺς μήδετο ἔ. 2.38
, etc.;πάρος τάδε ἔ. γενέσθαι 6.348
, etc.;ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔ. 2.252
, Od.17.78, etc. ;μέμνημαι τόδε ἔ. Il.9.527
;ἄκουε τοὔργον S.Tr. 1157
, cf. OT 847, Aj. 466 ; in bad sense, mischief, trouble, of disease,αἰτίη τοῦ ἔ. Aret.SA1.9
; μέγα ἔ. a serious matter, Od.4.663, Th.3.3.2 μέγα ἔ., like μέγα χρῆμα, χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ Τυδεΐδης, μέγα ἔ. a monstrous thing, Il.5.303, cf. 20.286 ; φυλόπιδος μέγα ἔ. a mighty call to arms, 16.208.III [voice] Pass., that which is wrought or made, work, οἷ' ἐπιεικὲς ἔργ' ἔμεν ἀθανάτων, of the arms of Achilles, Il.19.22 ; ἔ. Ἡφαίστοιο metal-work, Od.4.617 ;πέπλοι.., ἔργα γυναικῶν Il.6.289
, Od.7.97, cf. 10.223 ;ὕφασμα, σῆς ἔ. χερός A.Ch. 231
;κολεόν..λώτινον ἔ. Theoc.24.45
; of a wall, Ar.Av. 1125 ; of a statue, X.Mem.3.10.7 : in pl., of siege-works,ἔ. καὶ μηχαναί Plb.5.3.6
; of a machine, Apollod.Poliorc.157.4, al., Ath.Mech.15.2, al.; of public buildings, Mon.Anc.Gr.18.20; of an author's works, D.H.Comp.25 ;τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς ἔργον Ἀριστοτέλους AP11.354.8
(Agath.).2 result of work, profit or interest, ἔργον [ χρημάτων] interest or profit on money, Is.11.42, cf. D.27.10.IV special phrases:1 ἔργον ἐστί,a c. gen. pers., it is his business, his proper work,ἀνδρῶν τόδ' ἐστὶν ἔ. A.Ch. 673
;ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἔ. ἀγαθοῦ πολίτου Pl.Grg. 517c
; of things, φραδέος νόου ἔργα τέτυκται it is a matter (which calls) for a wary mind, Il.24.354 ; function, ; ; τοῦτο ἑκάστου ἔ. ὃ ἂν ἢ μόνον τι ἢ κάλλιστα τῶν ἄλλων ἀπεργάζηται ib. 353a ; functions,Gal.
16.518 : c. dat. pers.,οἷς τοῦτο ἔ. ἦν X.Cyr.4.5.36
, cf. 6.3.27: with the possessive Pron., σὸν ἔ. [ἐστί] c. inf., A.Pr. 635 ;ἐμὸν τόδ' ἔ. κρῖναι Id.Eu. 734
;σὸν ἔ., θῦε θεοῖς Ar.Av. 862
; : with Art.,νῦν ἡμέτερον τὸ ἔ. Hdt.5.1
.b c. gen. rei, there is need of..,τί δῆτα τόξων ἔ.; E.Alc.39
;πολλῆς φυλακῆς ἔ. [ἐστί] Pl.R. 537d
: esp. with neg., ;οὐ δόλου νῦν ἔ. Id.Pl. 1158
, cf. E.Hipp. 911 : c. dat. pers.,ἐπέδρης μὴ εἶναι ἔ. τῇ στρατιῇ Hdt.1.17
: with Art., : with a part. added,οὐδὲν ἦν ἔ. αὐτοῦ κατατείνοντος Plu.Publ.13
: also c. inf., οὐδὲν ἔ. ἑστάναι there is no use in standing still, Ar.Lys. 424, cf. Av. 1308 ;οὐδὲν ἔ. ταῦτα θρηνεῖσθαι S. Aj. 852
, cf. 12.c c. inf., it is hard work, difficult to do,πολὺ ἔ. ἂν εἴη διεξελθεῖν X.Mem.4.6.1
;πολὺ ἔ. ἦν τῷ νομοθέτῃ πάντα γράφειν Lys.10.7
;ἔ. ἐστὶν εἰ ἐροῦμεν D.24.51
;ἔ. εὑρεῖν πρόφασιν Men.76
; alsoμέγα ἔ. ταῖς..ἐπιθυμίαις καλῶς χρῆσθαι Pl.Smp. 187e
;χαλεπὸν ἔ. διαιρεῖν Ar.Ra. 1100
(lyr.): also in gen.,πλείονος ἔ. ἐστὶ..μαθεῖν Pl. Euthphr. 14b
: rarely with a part.,οὐδὲν ἔ. μαχομένῳ Philippid.15.3
; ἔ. [ἐστί] c. acc. et inf., it can scarcely happen that..,ἔ. ἅμα πάντας ὀργισθῆναι καὶ ἁμαρτεῖν Arist.Pol. 1286a35
.2 ἔργον παρασχεῖν τινί give one trouble, Ar.Nu. 523, cf. AP9.161 (Marc. Arg., punning on Hesiod's Ἔργα) ; ἔργον ἔχειν take trouble, c. part., X.Cyr.8.4.6 ; c. inf., Id.Mem.2.10.6.3 ἔ. γίγνεσθαι τῆς νόσου to be its victim, Anon. ap. Suid. s.v. ἄτολμοι ;κτεινόμενος ὑμέτερον ἔ. εἰμί Plu.Eum. 17
;τῆς ὑμετέρας γέγονεν ἔ. ὀλιγωρίας Luc.Dem.Enc.29
.4 ἔ. ποιεῖσθαί τι to make a matter one's business, attend to it, Pl.Phdr. 232a, X.Hier.9.10 ; soἐν ἔργῳ τίθεσθαι Ael.VH4.15
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7 εἶἑν
εἶἑν (for the aspiration, found in cod. Rav. of Ar., etc., cf. A.D. Synt.319.26, An.Bachm.1.208), Particle used in dialogue and oratory, in passing to the next point,A well, quite so, very good, Ar.Nu. 1075, Pl.Ap. 19a, etc.; "e: folld. by a question, Ar.Nu. 176, etc.; εἶἑν· τί δῆτα .. ; S.Ph. 1308;εἶἑν· καὶ δὴ τεθνᾶσι E.Med. 386
: folld. by imper., S.El. 534; in argument, so far so good: εἶἑν, ἐρεῖ δέ .. Antipho 4.2.3; εἶἑν, τοῦτο μὲν ἡμῖν κείσθω· ἔφαμεν δέ .. Pl.R. 350d; εἶἑν, ἀλλὰ νὴ Δία .. D.20.75, cf. D. Chr.17.19, etc.; . [At the beginning of a trimeter, εἶἑν, ἀκούω, A.Ch. 657, Ar. Pax 663: extra versum in E. l.c.] -
8 στρέφω
στρέφω, Il.23.323, etc.; [dialect] Dor. [full] στράφω [pron. full] [ᾰ] IG12(3).92.6 (Nisyrus, dub.); [dialect] Aeol. [full] στροφῶ (leg. στρόφω) EM728.44: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.Aστρέψασκον Il.18.546
: [tense] fut. , etc.: [tense] aor. 1 , etc., [dialect] Ep.στρέψα Od.4.520
: [tense] pf. ἔστροφα ([etym.] ἀν-) Cerc.17.30, ( ἀντ-, v.l. ἀν-) Theognet.1.8, ([etym.] ἐπ-) Plb.5.110.6, ([etym.] μετ-) Aristid.1.435 J.; also ἔστρᾰφα ([etym.] κατ-) Plb.23.11.2 codd.:—[voice] Med., Il.18.488, etc.: [tense] fut.στρέψομαι 6.516
, etc.: [tense] aor.ἐστρεψάμην S.OC 1416
, ([etym.] κατ-) Th.1.94, etc.: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. (in med. sense) ἔστραμμαι ([etym.] κατ-) Isoc.5.21:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.στρᾰφήσομαι LXX 1 Ki.10.6
, ([etym.] ἀνα-) Isoc.5.64, ([etym.] δια-) Ar.Eq. 175, Av. 177, ([etym.] μετα-) Pl.R. 518d; [tense] fut. [voice] Med. (in pass. sense) στρέψομαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) X.Cyr.5.5.36: [tense] aor.1 ἐστρέφθην freq. in Hom., Il.5.40, al., rare in [dialect] Att., Ar.Th. 1128, Pl.Plt. 273e; [dialect] Dor.ἐστράφθην Sophr. 88
, Theoc.7.132, also v.l. (for κατεστράφησαν ) in Hdt.1.130 (butστραφῆναι Id.3.129
): [tense] aor. 2 ἐστράφην [ᾰ] Sol.37.6, always in Trag., S.Ant. 315, etc., freq. in [dialect] Att., Ar.Ach. 537 ([etym.] μετα-), Th.5.97 ([etym.] κατα-), Pl.Ti. 77b: [tense] pf. , Hp.Aër.5, X.An.4.7.15, etc.; (Pap.), cf. ἀποστρέφω, καταστρέφω:— turn about or aside,ἂψ δὲ θεοὶ οὖρον στρέψαν Od.4.520
; ἵππους ς. turn horses, Il.8.168, Od.15.205, etc.;σ. πηδάλιον Pi.Fr.40
;τὸν οἴακα Anaxandr.4.5
, cf. Men.482.4; ; of persons, ; , cf. Hec. 344;πάλιν στρέψεις κάρα Id.Med. 1152
;ὄμμα πανταχῇ στρέφων Id.IT68
;σ. ἀνταυγεῖς κόρας Ar.Th. 902
;σεαυτὸν εἰς πονηρὰ πράγματα Id.Nu. 1455
;πόλιν πρὸς κέρδος ἴδιον E. Supp. 413
;στρατὸν πρὸς ἀλκήν Id.Andr. 1149
; wheel soldiers round, X.Lac.11.9; v. infr. D.2 cause to rotate as on an axis, κεραμικὴν γαῖαν ς., i.e. on the potter's wheel, Sannyr.4;τὸν ἄτρακτον Hdt.5.12
;τὸν κόσμον μήτε αὐτὸν στρέφειν ἑαυτόν, μήτε.. ὑπὸ θεοῦ στρέφεσθαι διττὰς περιαγωγάς Pl.Plt. 269e
, cf. Epin. 977b.II πάντ' ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω ς. turn upside down, A.Eu. 651; κάτω ς. S.Ant. 717, Ar.Ec. 733;σ. λόγους ἄνω καὶ κάτω Pl.Grg. 511a
, cf. Euthd. 276d; ἄνω κάτω τοὺς νόμους ς. D.21.91; so (lyr.); στρέφειν alone, overturn, upset, Id.IT 1166, Fr. 536 (troch.); γῆν ς. turn it over by digging or ploughing, X.Oec.16.15: c. acc. cogn.,πάσας σ. στροφάς Pl.Ti. 43e
; γράμματα πανταχῇ ς. Id.Cra. 414c: c. inf., change a thing so as to.., (lyr.).III σ. σφυρόν sprain or dislocate it, Epict.Ench.29.2, Arr.Epict.3.15.4 (soστραφῆναι τὸν πόδα Hdt.3.129
, cf. Pl.Lg. 789e).2 metaph. of pain, twist, torture,κακὸν στρέφει με περὶ τὴν γαστέρα Antiph.177
, cf. Ar.Pl. 1131, Fr. 462, Ael. NA2.44 ([voice] Pass.), Gal.19.141; : so σ. τὴν ψυχήν torment, Pl.R. 330e.3 of corruptions in Music,κάμπτων καὶ στρέφων Pherecr.145.15
.IV twist, plait,σπάρτα ἐστραμμένα X.An.4.7.15
;ἐμβολάδην ἐστραμμέναι ἀλλήλῃσι h.Merc. 411
; spin,ὑπὸ μακρῷ λίνῳ στρεφομένη Luc.JConf.7
, cf. 1;ἔστρεψεν Μοιρῶν μία νήματα IG14.607i
([place name] Caralis); κρόκην ς. Luc.Fug. 12: metaph.,μεγάλας σ. περιόδους Plu.2.235e
.VI metaph., turn a thing over in one's mind, τί στρέφω τάδε; E.Hec. 750;πρὸς ἀλλήλους Luc.Alex.8
;βουλὴν ἐν ἑαυτῷ Ael. NA10.48
; .VIII convert,τὴν πέτραν εἰς λίμνας ὑδάτων LXX Ps.113(114).8
, cf. 29(30).12, Ex.4.17; στραφήσῃ εἰς ἄνδρα ἄλλον ib.1 Ki.10.6; transmute metals, Zos.Alch.p.195 B.IX f.l. for τρέπω in Lys.32.20.B [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., twist or turn oneself, στρεφθείς having turned face upward, Od.9.435; turn round or about, turn to and fro, Il.5.40, 575, etc.; ; ἐστρέφετ' ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα, of one tossing in bed, 24.5; τί δυσκολαίνεις καὶ στρέφει τὴν νύχθ' ὅλην; Ar.Nu.36, cf. Amphis 20.4; of patients, Gal.7.664.2 turn to or from an object,ἔμελλε στρέψεσθ' ἐκ χώρης Il. 6.516
, cf. Od.16.352; στρεφθεὶς μετόπισθεν turning back, Il.15.645; return, S.OC 1648, Ant. 315, etc.;στραφέντες ἔφευγον X.Cyr.3.3.63
, An.3.5.1; ποῖ στρέφει; whither away? Ar.Th. 230, 610.3 of the heavenly bodies, revolve, circle, Od.5.274, Pl.Ti. 40b; of the distaff, Id.R. 617a; of a joint,ἐν ἄρθροις σ. κοτυληδών Ar.V. 1495
.II turn or twist about, like a wrestler trying to elude his adversary: hence, in argument, twist and turn, shuffle, τί ταῦτα στρέφει; Id.Ach. 385; τί δῆτα ἔχων στρέφει; Pl.Phdr. 236e, etc.; πάσας στροφὰς στρέφεσθαι twist every way, Id.R. 405c, cf. Euthd. 302b.2 turn and change,κἂν σοῦ στραφείη θυμός S.Tr. 1134
; στρεφόμενα λέγων things that tell both ways, D.H.Rh.8.15: c. gen. causae, τοῦ δὲ σοῦ ψόφου οὐκ ἂν στραφείην I would not turn for any noise of thine, S.Aj. 1117.III to be always engaged in or about, ;περὶ τὸ αὐτὸ γένος στρέφεται ἡ σοφιστική Arist.Metaph. 1004b22
, cf. Phld.Rh.2p.124S.2 generally, to be at large, go about,ἀνειμένη στρέφει S.El. 516
;ἐν κυσὶν.. ἐστράφην λύκος Sol.37.6
;στρέφεσθαι περὶ τὰ δικαστήρια Phld.Rh.2.139
S.; of things, to be rife,ταῦτα μὲν ἐν δήμῳ στρέφεται κακά Sol.4.23
.3 of places, τόποι ἐπὶ.. τὰς ἄρκτους ἐστραμμένοι turned, lying towards.., Plb.2.15.8, etc.C in strict med. sense, turn about with oneself, take back,στράτευμ' ἐς Ἄργος S.OC 1416
.D intr. in [voice] Act., like [voice] Pass., turn about, Il.18.544, 546, where, however, ζεύγεα may be supplied from 543, as may ὄϊς in Od.10.528, and ἵππους in X.Eq.7.18; of soldiers, wheel about, Id.An.4.3.26 and 32;στρέψαντες ἀπεχώρουν Id.Ages.2.3
; ποῖ στροφαὶ.. μανιῶν στρέφουσι; S.Ichn.224; τὸν στρέφοντα κύκλον ἡλίου revolving, Id.Fr. 738, cf. E. Ion 1154; στρέψαι δεῦρ', of the Comic Chorus, Pl.Com.92; στρέψον τι, δούλη withdraw a little, Herod.1.8;ἔστρεψεν ὁ θεός Act.Ap.7.42
.
См. также в других словарях:
ή — (I) και γη (AM ἤ, Μ και γή, Α επικ. τ. ἠέ) Ι. (διαζευκτικός σύνδεσμος) 1. συνδέει δύο ή περισσότερες λέξεις ή προτάσεις τών οποίων οι έννοιες αναιρούν η μία την άλλη (α. «εγώ ή εκείνος» β. «ἐγώ... ἤ ἄλλος Ἀχαιῶν», Ομ. Ιλ.) 2. επαναλαμβανόμενο ή … Dictionary of Greek
έργο — (Φυσ.). Στη φυσική, μπορούμε να ορίσουμε το έ. μιας δύναμης αν ξεκινήσουμε από μια απλή περίπτωση, κατά την οποία ένα υλικό σώμα αμελητέων διαστάσεων, πάνω στο οποίο εφαρμόζεται μια σταθερή δύναμη, επιτελεί μια ευθύγραμμη μετατόπιση κατά μια… … Dictionary of Greek
κληδών — κληδών, όνος, επικ. τ. κλεηδών και κληηδών, ἡ (Α) 1. φήμη ή φωνή που περιέχει μήνυμα, πρόρρηση, προφητική ρήση («χαῖρεν δὲ κλεηδόνι δῑος Ὀδυσσεύς», Ομ. Οδ.) 2. είδηση, πληροφορία, νέα («εἴ τινά μοι κληηδόνα πατρός ἐνίσποις», Ομ. Οδ.) 3. διάδοση,… … Dictionary of Greek
κραίνω — (I) κραίνω και κραιαίνω και κρααίνω (Α) (ποιητ. ρ.) 1. φέρω εις πέρας, τελειώνω, εκτελώ (α. «οἵ μεν φέρτεροί εἰσι νοῆσαί τε κρῆναί τε», Ομ. Οδ. β. «οὐ γάρ μοι δοκέει μύθοιο τελευτὴ τῆδέ γ ὁδῷ κρανέεσθαι», Ομ. Ιλ.) 2. πραγματοποιώ, εκπληρώνω (α.… … Dictionary of Greek
προτάσσω — ΝΑ, και αττ. τ. προτάττω Α [τάσσω] 1. θέτω, τοποθετώ μπροστά, προτείνω (α. «προτάξαμε τα στήθη μας» β. «προετάξαντο τῆς φάλαγγος τοὺς ἱππέας» τοποθέτησαν τους ιππείς μπροστά από τη φάλαγγα, Ξεν.) 2. τάσσω κάτι στην αρχή, πριν από κάτι άλλο (α.… … Dictionary of Greek