horrid

horrĭdus, a, um, adj. [horreo], standing on end, sticking out, rough, shaggy, bristly, prickly:

non hac barbula, qua ista delectatur, sed illa horrida, quam in statuis antiquis et imaginibus videmus,

Cic. Cael. 14, 33:

caesaries,

Ov. M. 10, 139:

pluma,

id. Am. 2, 6, 5:

apes horridi pili,

Col. 9, 3, 1; cf.:

apes horridae aspectu,

Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 59:

sus,

Verg. G. 4, 407; cf.:

videar tibi amarior herbis, Horridior rusco,

id. E. 7, 42:

densis hastilibus horrida myrtus,

id. A. 3, 23; cf.:

arbor spinis,

Plin. 12, 15, 34, § 67:

horrida siccae silva comae,

Juv. 9, 12. —

Transf., in gen., rough, rude, rugged, wild, savage, horrid.

Lit.:

horrida signis chlamys,

Val. Fl. 5, 558 (for which:

aspera signis pocula,

Verg. A. 9, 263:

membra videres Horrida paedore,

Lucr. 6, 1269:

pecudis jecur horridum et exile,

Cic. Div. 2, 13, 30:

horrida villosa corpora veste tegant,

Tib. 2, 3, 75:

pastor,

Ov. M. 1, 514:

Ilia cultu,

id. Am. 3, 6, 47; cf.:

Acestes in jaculis et pelle Libystidis ursae,

Verg. A. 5, 37:

Silvanus,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 22: Africa terribili tremit horrida terra tumultu, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 153 Müll. (Ann. v. 311 Vahl.); cf.:

Aetnensis ager et campus Leontinus sic erat deformis atque horridus, ut, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47 fin.:

horridior locus,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 83:

silva fuit, late dumis atque ilice nigra Horrida,

Verg. A. 9, 382:

sedes Taenari,

Hor. C. 1, 34, 10:

argumenta, velut horrida et confragosa, vitantes,

Quint. 5, 8, 1:

inde senilis Hiems tremulo venit horrida passu,

Ov. M. 15, 212; cf.:

cum Juppiter horridus austris Torquet aquosam hiemem,

Verg. A. 9, 670:

bruma,

id. G. 3, 442:

December,

Mart. 7, 36, 5:

stiria,

Verg. G. 3, 366:

grando,

id. ib. 1, 449:

tempestas,

Hor. Epod. 13, 1; Varr. ap. Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 349:

fluctus,

Hor. Epod. 10, 3; cf.:

aequora,

id. C. 3, 24, 40.— Poet.: si premerem ventosas horridus Alpes, qs. enveloped in horror, shuddering, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 19.—Of taste:

sapor,

harsh, raw, Plin. 34, 13, 33, § 129; cf. id. 13, 4, 9, § 43:

ruta silvestris horrida ad effectum est,

id. 20, 13, 61, § 131: (litterae) succedunt tristes et horridae... in hoc ipso frangit multo fit horridior (littera sexta nostrarum), Quint. 12, 10, 28 sq. —

Esp., with dishevelled hair:

si magna Asturici cecidit domus, horrida mater,

Juv. 3, 212:

paelex,

id. 2, 57.—

Trop.

Rough in character or manners, rude, blunt, stern, unpolished, uncouth:

huncine hominem te amplexari tam horridum,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 41:

ut vita sic oratione durus, incultus, horridus,

Cic. Brut. 31, 117; cf.:

vir paulo horridior et durior,

Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 5: spernitur orator bonus, horridus miles amatur, Enn. ap. Cic. Mur. 14, 30 (Ann. v. 273 Vahl.):

non ille, quamquam Socraticis madet Sermonibus, te negliget horridus,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 10:

fidens juventus horrida bracchiis,

id. ib. 3, 4, 50:

Germania,

id. ib. 4, 5, 26:

gens,

Verg. A. 7, 746:

horridus irā (Boreas), etc.,

Ov. M. 6, 685:

vita,

Cic. Quint. 30, 93:

virtus,

Sil. 11, 205; Stat. Th. 5, 172:

aspera, tristi, horrida oratione,

Cic. Or. 5, 20; cf.:

horridiora verba,

id. Brut. 17, 68:

sermo,

Quint. 9, 4, 3:

quaedam genera dicendi horridiora,

id. 12, 10, 10:

numerus Saturnius,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 157:

ita de horridis rebus nitida est oratio tua,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 51:

(antiquorum imitatores) fient horridi atque jejuni,

Quint. 2, 5, 21.—

With the predominating idea of an effect produced, causing tremor or horror, terrible, frightful, horrid (rare, and mostly poet. for the class. horribilis): horridiore aspectu esse, * Caes. B. G. 5, 14, 2; cf. in a Greek construction with an inf.:

et desit si larga Ceres, tunc horrida cerni,

Luc. 3, 347:

turba horrida aspici,

Sen. Q. N. 3, 19:

vis horrida teli,

Lucr. 3, 170:

acies,

Verg. A. 10, 408:

castra,

id. E. 10, 23:

proelia,

id. G. 2, 282:

arma,

Ov. M. 1, 126:

virga (mortis),

Hor. C. 1, 24, 16:

fata,

Verg. A. 11, 96:

jussa,

id. ib. 4, 378:

paupertas,

Lucr. 6, 1282:

aquilae ac signa, pulverulenta illa et cuspidibus horrida,

Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 23.— Hence, adv.: horrĭdē (acc. to II. B.), roughly, savagely, severely, sternly:

vixit semper inculte atque horride,

Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

horride inculteque dicere,

id. Or. 9, 28; cf. Quint. 10, 2, 17:

ornamentis utetur horridius,

Cic. Or. 25, 86: alloqui mitius aut horridius. Tac. H. 1, 82.

* * *

horrĕo, ui, ēre, v. n. and a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.

Lit. (for the most part only poet.;

not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.:

et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,

Ov. M. 8, 285:

saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,

Tib. 2, 3, 23:

horrentibus per totum corpus villis,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150:

horrentes barbae,

Petr. 99:

horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,

Plin. Pan. 81, 1:

horrentes rubi,

Verg. G. 3, 315:

horrentibus hastis,

id. A. 10, 178:

horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,

Ov. F. 2, 348:

rigidis setis,

id. M. 13, 846:

horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,

Hor. Epod. 5, 27:

pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,

Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33:

duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,

Verg. A. 4, 366:

silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,

Ov. M. 4, 778. —

Transf.

To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.

In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare):

corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,

Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—

In partic.

To shake, shiver with cold, rigere ( poet. and very rare):

saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,

Ov. A. A. 2, 213:

horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,

Juv. 1, 93:

sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,

Petr. 83.—

To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).

Absol.:

totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9:

arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,

Ov. M. 15, 516:

scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,

Juv. 2, 122.—

With acc.:

si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

deorum (conscientiam) horrere,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

judicium et crimen,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.:

ingrati animi crimen,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2:

ipsam victoriam,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

nomen ipsum accusatoris,

Quint. 12, 7, 1:

fragilitatis humanae vires,

Plin. Pan. 27, 1:

pauperiem,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 9:

onus,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 39:

iratum mare,

id. Epod. 2, 6:

nutum divitis,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 11:

strictas secures trepida cervice,

Sil. 6, 695 et saep.:

te Negligit aut horret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.:

quem dives amicus odit et horret,

id. ib. 1, 18, 25:

horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 16:

aciem ac tela horrere,

Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33:

illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,

to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —

With an inf. or relat.-clause:

ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

horreo dicere,

Liv. 7, 40, 9:

horret animus referre,

id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7:

dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1:

quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,

id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—

With ne:

eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,

Liv. 34, 4, 3.—

To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare):

quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188:

animo horrere,

id. Dom. 55, 140:

cogitatione,

Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—

To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.):

possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495:

Phoebus,

Stat. Th. 4, 1.—

Trop.:

horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,

Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,

horrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough ( poet. and very rare):

horrens Arcadius sus,

Lucr. 5, 25:

horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,

Verg. A. 1, 165:

horrentes Marte Latinos,

id. ib. 10, 237:

horrensque feris altaribus Esus,

Luc. 1, 445.—

hor-rendus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,

Verg. A. 3, 26:

truces horrendaeque imagines,

Plin. Pan. 52, 5:

silva invia atque horrenda,

Liv. 9, 36, 1:

Roma,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:

rabies,

id. S. 2, 3, 323:

diluvies,

id. C. 4, 14, 27:

tempestas (with foeda),

Vell. 2, 100, 2:

nox,

Ov. F. 6, 140:

vox,

Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.:

lex erat horrendi carminis,

Liv. 1, 26, 6:

juvenis Parthis horrendus,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 62:

pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,

id. ib. 1, 8, 26:

res horrenda relatu,

Ov. M. 15, 298:

horrendum dictu!

Verg. A. 4, 454.— Neutr. adv.:

belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,

Verg. A. 6, 288:

arma Horrendum sonuere,

id. ib. 9, 732;

12, 700: intonet horrendum,

Juv. 6, 485.— Plur.:

horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,

Amm. 27, 10, 10.—

In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable ( poet.):

horrenda virgo (Camilla),

Verg. A. 11, 507:

horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,

id. ib. 6, 10:

tectum augustum, ingens... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,

id. ib. 7, 172. — Adv.: horrendē, dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3.

horrĕo, ui, ēre, v. n. and a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.

Lit. (for the most part only poet.;

not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.:

et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,

Ov. M. 8, 285:

saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,

Tib. 2, 3, 23:

horrentibus per totum corpus villis,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150:

horrentes barbae,

Petr. 99:

horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,

Plin. Pan. 81, 1:

horrentes rubi,

Verg. G. 3, 315:

horrentibus hastis,

id. A. 10, 178:

horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,

Ov. F. 2, 348:

rigidis setis,

id. M. 13, 846:

horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,

Hor. Epod. 5, 27:

pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,

Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33:

duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,

Verg. A. 4, 366:

silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,

Ov. M. 4, 778. —

Transf.

To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.

In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare):

corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,

Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—

In partic.

To shake, shiver with cold, rigere ( poet. and very rare):

saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,

Ov. A. A. 2, 213:

horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,

Juv. 1, 93:

sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,

Petr. 83.—

To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).

Absol.:

totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9:

arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,

Ov. M. 15, 516:

scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,

Juv. 2, 122.—

With acc.:

si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

deorum (conscientiam) horrere,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

judicium et crimen,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.:

ingrati animi crimen,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2:

ipsam victoriam,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

nomen ipsum accusatoris,

Quint. 12, 7, 1:

fragilitatis humanae vires,

Plin. Pan. 27, 1:

pauperiem,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 9:

onus,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 39:

iratum mare,

id. Epod. 2, 6:

nutum divitis,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 11:

strictas secures trepida cervice,

Sil. 6, 695 et saep.:

te Negligit aut horret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.:

quem dives amicus odit et horret,

id. ib. 1, 18, 25:

horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 16:

aciem ac tela horrere,

Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33:

illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,

to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —

With an inf. or relat.-clause:

ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

horreo dicere,

Liv. 7, 40, 9:

horret animus referre,

id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7:

dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1:

quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,

id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—

With ne:

eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,

Liv. 34, 4, 3.—

To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare):

quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188:

animo horrere,

id. Dom. 55, 140:

cogitatione,

Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—

To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.):

possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495:

Phoebus,

Stat. Th. 4, 1.—

Trop.:

horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,

Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,

horrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough ( poet. and very rare):

horrens Arcadius sus,

Lucr. 5, 25:

horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,

Verg. A. 1, 165:

horrentes Marte Latinos,

id. ib. 10, 237:

horrensque feris altaribus Esus,

Luc. 1, 445.—

hor-rendus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,

Verg. A. 3, 26:

truces horrendaeque imagines,

Plin. Pan. 52, 5:

silva invia atque horrenda,

Liv. 9, 36, 1:

Roma,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:

rabies,

id. S. 2, 3, 323:

diluvies,

id. C. 4, 14, 27:

tempestas (with foeda),

Vell. 2, 100, 2:

nox,

Ov. F. 6, 140:

vox,

Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.:

lex erat horrendi carminis,

Liv. 1, 26, 6:

juvenis Parthis horrendus,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 62:

pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,

id. ib. 1, 8, 26:

res horrenda relatu,

Ov. M. 15, 298:

horrendum dictu!

Verg. A. 4, 454.— Neutr. adv.:

belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,

Verg. A. 6, 288:

arma Horrendum sonuere,

id. ib. 9, 732;

12, 700: intonet horrendum,

Juv. 6, 485.— Plur.:

horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,

Amm. 27, 10, 10.—

In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable ( poet.):

horrenda virgo (Camilla),

Verg. A. 11, 507:

horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,

id. ib. 6, 10:

tectum augustum, ingens... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,

id. ib. 7, 172. — Adv.: horrendē, dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3.

horrĕo, ui, ēre, v. n. and a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.

Lit. (for the most part only poet.;

not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.:

et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,

Ov. M. 8, 285:

saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,

Tib. 2, 3, 23:

horrentibus per totum corpus villis,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150:

horrentes barbae,

Petr. 99:

horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,

Plin. Pan. 81, 1:

horrentes rubi,

Verg. G. 3, 315:

horrentibus hastis,

id. A. 10, 178:

horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,

Ov. F. 2, 348:

rigidis setis,

id. M. 13, 846:

horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,

Hor. Epod. 5, 27:

pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,

Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33:

duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,

Verg. A. 4, 366:

silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,

Ov. M. 4, 778. —

Transf.

To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.

In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare):

corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,

Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—

In partic.

To shake, shiver with cold, rigere ( poet. and very rare):

saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,

Ov. A. A. 2, 213:

horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,

Juv. 1, 93:

sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,

Petr. 83.—

To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).

Absol.:

totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9:

arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,

Ov. M. 15, 516:

scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,

Juv. 2, 122.—

With acc.:

si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

deorum (conscientiam) horrere,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

judicium et crimen,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.:

ingrati animi crimen,

id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2:

ipsam victoriam,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:

nomen ipsum accusatoris,

Quint. 12, 7, 1:

fragilitatis humanae vires,

Plin. Pan. 27, 1:

pauperiem,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 9:

onus,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 39:

iratum mare,

id. Epod. 2, 6:

nutum divitis,

id. Ep. 1, 18, 11:

strictas secures trepida cervice,

Sil. 6, 695 et saep.:

te Negligit aut horret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.:

quem dives amicus odit et horret,

id. ib. 1, 18, 25:

horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,

Ov. P. 1, 3, 16:

aciem ac tela horrere,

Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33:

illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,

to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —

With an inf. or relat.-clause:

ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,

Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:

horreo dicere,

Liv. 7, 40, 9:

horret animus referre,

id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7:

dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,

Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1:

quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,

id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—

With ne:

eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,

Liv. 34, 4, 3.—

To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare):

quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188:

animo horrere,

id. Dom. 55, 140:

cogitatione,

Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—

To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.):

possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495:

Phoebus,

Stat. Th. 4, 1.—

Trop.:

horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,

Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,

horrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough ( poet. and very rare):

horrens Arcadius sus,

Lucr. 5, 25:

horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,

Verg. A. 1, 165:

horrentes Marte Latinos,

id. ib. 10, 237:

horrensque feris altaribus Esus,

Luc. 1, 445.—

hor-rendus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,

Verg. A. 3, 26:

truces horrendaeque imagines,

Plin. Pan. 52, 5:

silva invia atque horrenda,

Liv. 9, 36, 1:

Roma,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:

rabies,

id. S. 2, 3, 323:

diluvies,

id. C. 4, 14, 27:

tempestas (with foeda),

Vell. 2, 100, 2:

nox,

Ov. F. 6, 140:

vox,

Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.:

lex erat horrendi carminis,

Liv. 1, 26, 6:

juvenis Parthis horrendus,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 62:

pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,

id. ib. 1, 8, 26:

res horrenda relatu,

Ov. M. 15, 298:

horrendum dictu!

Verg. A. 4, 454.— Neutr. adv.:

belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,

Verg. A. 6, 288:

arma Horrendum sonuere,

id. ib. 9, 732;

12, 700: intonet horrendum,

Juv. 6, 485.— Plur.:

horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,

Amm. 27, 10, 10.—

In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable ( poet.):

horrenda virgo (Camilla),

Verg. A. 11, 507:

horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,

id. ib. 6, 10:

tectum augustum, ingens... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,

id. ib. 7, 172. — Adv.: horrendē, dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3.

informis, e, adj. [2. in-forma], that has no form or not a proper form, unformed, shapeless.

Lit.:

cum res muta aut informis fit loquens et formata,

Auct. Her. 4, 53, 66:

alveus,

Liv. 21, 26, 9:

caro,

Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 63.—

Transf., unshapely, misshapen, deformed, hideous, horrid:

cadaver,

Verg. A. 8, 264:

hiemes,

Hor. C. 2, 10, 15:

situs,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

nota in ore,

Prop. 1, 5, 16:

color,

Tib. 4, 4, 6:

informes sanguine peltae,

Stat. Th. 12, 528:

imbre cruento informis facies,

Luc. 6, 224:

exitus,

Tac. A. 6, 49:

sors,

id. ib. 12, 37:

letum,

Verg. A. 12, 603:

nihil est illis (metallis) informius,

Sen. Ep. 94 med.— Adv.: infor-mĭter, hideously, horridly:

sonare,

Aug. Conf. 12, 29.

monstrĭfer, fĕra, fĕrum, adj. [monstrum-fero], monster-bearing, that produces monsters ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

campi,

Val. Fl. 5, 222:

novercae,

i. e. Juno, who sent monsters to Hercules, id. ib. 5, 43:

sinus (i. e. mare),

id. ib. 2, 498:

antra,

Claud. Stil. 2, 110.—

Monstrous, horrid, misshapen:

animalium hominumque effigies monstriferas,

Plin. 6, 30, 35, § 187 (but the better reading is monstrificas).

nĕ-fas, n. indecl., something contrary to divine law, sinful, unlawful, execrable, abominable, criminal; an impious or wicked deed, a sin, a crime (cf.: scelus, flagitium, peccatum).

Lit.:

quicquid non licet, nefas putare debemus,

Cic. Par. 3, 2. 25; cf.:

officia tua mihi nefas est oblivisci,

id. Fam. 15, 21, 5:

Mercurius, quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,

id. N. D. 3, 22, 56: nefas est dictu, miseram fuisse talem senectutem, id. Sen. 5, 13:

eum, cui nihil umquam nefas fuit,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

quibus nefas est... deserere patronos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

corpora viva nefas Stygiā vectare carinā,

Verg. A. 6, 391:

fas atque nefas,

right and wrong, id. G. 1, 505; Hor. Epod. 5, 87; cf. id. C. 1, 18, 10; Ov. M. 6, 585:

per omne fas ac nefas,

in every way, Liv. 6, 14, 10:

nefas triste piare,

Verg. A. 2, 184:

illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectore versat, Certa mori,

id. ib. 4, 563:

lex maculosum edomuit nefas,

i. e. adultery, Hor. C. 4, 5, 22:

in omne nefas se parare,

Ov. M. 6, 613:

summum crede nefas animam praeferre pudori,

Juv. 8, 83:

belli,

civil war, Luc. 2, 507; cf.:

fugiens civile nefas,

id. 7, 432:

magnum nefas contrahere,

Just. 24, 3:

facere nefas,

Vulg. Deut. 22, 21:

operari,

ib. Lev. 20, 13.— Poet., of a wicked person, a wretch, monster:

exstinxisse nefas tamen... Laudabor (i. e. Helen, as the destroyer of Troy),

Verg. A. 2, 585.—Also inserted as an interjection, O horrid! shocking! dreadful! quātenus, heu nefas! virtutem incolumem odimus, Hor. C. 3, 24, 30; cf.:

heu nefas, heu!

id. ib. 4, 6, 17:

quosne, nefas! omnes infandā in morte reliqui?

Verg. A. 10, 673:

sequiturque, nefas! Aegyptia conjux,

id. ib. 8, 688:

Lavinia virgo Visa, nefas! longis comprendere crinibus ignem,

O horrible! id. ib. 7, 73.—Esp.:

est nefas,

it is forbidden, contrary to law, Varr. L. L. 6, 4. —

Poet., transf.

A horrible or monstrous thing:

Eumenides Stygiumque nefas,

Luc. 6, 695; 1, 626:

infernum,

id. 7, 170; Stat. Th. 6, 942.—

Impossible: levius fit patientiā Quicquid corrigere est nefas, an impossibility (= athemiton, adunaton), Hor. C. 1, 24, 20.

taeter (less correctly tēter), tra, trum, adj. [perh. from taedet].

Physically, offensive, foul, noisome, shocking, hideous, loathsome (class.; syn.: foedus, putidus).

Absol.:

taetra et immanis belua,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 45:

odor ex multitudine cadaverum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49:

cadavera,

Lucr. 2, 415:

aut foedā specie taetri turpesque videntur,

id. 2, 421:

sapor,

id. 6, 22:

absinthia,

id. 1, 936:

ulcera,

id. 5, 995; 5, 1126; 4, 172;

6, 976: cruor,

Verg. A. 10, 727:

spiritus,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 19; Luc. 1, 618:

loca taetra, inculta, foeda atque formidolosa,

Sall. C. 52, 13; cf.:

taetris tenebris et caligine,

Cic. Agr 2, 17, 44:

alter, o dii boni, quam taeter mcedebat, quam truculentus, quam terribilis aspectu!

id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:

vultus naturā horridus ac taeter,

Suet. Calig. 50; Juv. 10, 191:

hanc tam taetram, tam horribilem tamque infestam rei publicae pestem toties jam effugimus,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11.— Comp.:

aliis aliud retro quoque taetrius esset Naribus, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 510.— Sup.: taeterrima hiems, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1.—

With abl.:

foedā specie taetri,

Lucr. 2, 421; cf.:

mulier taeterrima vultu,

Juv. 6, 418.—As subst.: taetrum, i, n., offensiveness:

quae profluentia necessario taetri essent aliquid habitura,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141.—

Mentally or morally.

In gen.

Of persons, horrid, hideous, repulsive, shameful, disgraceful, abominable, etc. (syn.:

immanis, turpis): taeter et ferus homo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 2.— Sup.:

quid ais tu, hominum omnium taeterrume?

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 65:

quamquam es omni diritate atque immanitate taeterrimus,

Cic. Vatin. 3, 9:

quis taetrior hostis huic civitati,

id. Cael. 6, 13:

qui in eum fuerat taeterrimus,

id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96.—

Of things: postquam discordia taetra Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 7, 622 (Ann. v. 270 Vahl.):

libido,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 33:

facinus,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 95:

prodigia,

Liv. 22, 9.— Comp.:

quibus (sc. cupiditatibus) nihil taetrius nec foedius excogitari potest,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 36:

nullum vitium taetrius est, quam avaritia,

id. ib. 2, 22, 77. — Sup.:

taeterrimum bellum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 2.—

Esp., neutr. as adv., horridly, horribly, etc.:

taetrum flagrat... Horror conscius,

Prud. Cath. 4, 22.—Hence, adv.: taetrē, foully, shockingly, hideously, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 P.; Cic. Div. 1, 9.— Sup., Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2.

taeter (less correctly tēter), tra, trum, adj. [perh. from taedet].

Physically, offensive, foul, noisome, shocking, hideous, loathsome (class.; syn.: foedus, putidus).

Absol.:

taetra et immanis belua,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 45:

odor ex multitudine cadaverum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49:

cadavera,

Lucr. 2, 415:

aut foedā specie taetri turpesque videntur,

id. 2, 421:

sapor,

id. 6, 22:

absinthia,

id. 1, 936:

ulcera,

id. 5, 995; 5, 1126; 4, 172;

6, 976: cruor,

Verg. A. 10, 727:

spiritus,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 19; Luc. 1, 618:

loca taetra, inculta, foeda atque formidolosa,

Sall. C. 52, 13; cf.:

taetris tenebris et caligine,

Cic. Agr 2, 17, 44:

alter, o dii boni, quam taeter mcedebat, quam truculentus, quam terribilis aspectu!

id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:

vultus naturā horridus ac taeter,

Suet. Calig. 50; Juv. 10, 191:

hanc tam taetram, tam horribilem tamque infestam rei publicae pestem toties jam effugimus,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11.— Comp.:

aliis aliud retro quoque taetrius esset Naribus, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 510.— Sup.: taeterrima hiems, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1.—

With abl.:

foedā specie taetri,

Lucr. 2, 421; cf.:

mulier taeterrima vultu,

Juv. 6, 418.—As subst.: taetrum, i, n., offensiveness:

quae profluentia necessario taetri essent aliquid habitura,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141.—

Mentally or morally.

In gen.

Of persons, horrid, hideous, repulsive, shameful, disgraceful, abominable, etc. (syn.:

immanis, turpis): taeter et ferus homo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 2.— Sup.:

quid ais tu, hominum omnium taeterrume?

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 65:

quamquam es omni diritate atque immanitate taeterrimus,

Cic. Vatin. 3, 9:

quis taetrior hostis huic civitati,

id. Cael. 6, 13:

qui in eum fuerat taeterrimus,

id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96.—

Of things: postquam discordia taetra Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 7, 622 (Ann. v. 270 Vahl.):

libido,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 33:

facinus,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 95:

prodigia,

Liv. 22, 9.— Comp.:

quibus (sc. cupiditatibus) nihil taetrius nec foedius excogitari potest,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 36:

nullum vitium taetrius est, quam avaritia,

id. ib. 2, 22, 77. — Sup.:

taeterrimum bellum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 2.—

Esp., neutr. as adv., horridly, horribly, etc.:

taetrum flagrat... Horror conscius,

Prud. Cath. 4, 22.—Hence, adv.: taetrē, foully, shockingly, hideously, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 P.; Cic. Div. 1, 9.— Sup., Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2.

taeter (less correctly tēter), tra, trum, adj. [perh. from taedet].

Physically, offensive, foul, noisome, shocking, hideous, loathsome (class.; syn.: foedus, putidus).

Absol.:

taetra et immanis belua,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 45:

odor ex multitudine cadaverum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 49:

cadavera,

Lucr. 2, 415:

aut foedā specie taetri turpesque videntur,

id. 2, 421:

sapor,

id. 6, 22:

absinthia,

id. 1, 936:

ulcera,

id. 5, 995; 5, 1126; 4, 172;

6, 976: cruor,

Verg. A. 10, 727:

spiritus,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 19; Luc. 1, 618:

loca taetra, inculta, foeda atque formidolosa,

Sall. C. 52, 13; cf.:

taetris tenebris et caligine,

Cic. Agr 2, 17, 44:

alter, o dii boni, quam taeter mcedebat, quam truculentus, quam terribilis aspectu!

id. Sest. 8, 19; cf.:

vultus naturā horridus ac taeter,

Suet. Calig. 50; Juv. 10, 191:

hanc tam taetram, tam horribilem tamque infestam rei publicae pestem toties jam effugimus,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11.— Comp.:

aliis aliud retro quoque taetrius esset Naribus, etc.,

Lucr. 2, 510.— Sup.: taeterrima hiems, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1.—

With abl.:

foedā specie taetri,

Lucr. 2, 421; cf.:

mulier taeterrima vultu,

Juv. 6, 418.—As subst.: taetrum, i, n., offensiveness:

quae profluentia necessario taetri essent aliquid habitura,

Cic. N. D. 2, 56, 141.—

Mentally or morally.

In gen.

Of persons, horrid, hideous, repulsive, shameful, disgraceful, abominable, etc. (syn.:

immanis, turpis): taeter et ferus homo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 2.— Sup.:

quid ais tu, hominum omnium taeterrume?

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 65:

quamquam es omni diritate atque immanitate taeterrimus,

Cic. Vatin. 3, 9:

quis taetrior hostis huic civitati,

id. Cael. 6, 13:

qui in eum fuerat taeterrimus,

id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96.—

Of things: postquam discordia taetra Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 7, 622 (Ann. v. 270 Vahl.):

libido,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 33:

facinus,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 95:

prodigia,

Liv. 22, 9.— Comp.:

quibus (sc. cupiditatibus) nihil taetrius nec foedius excogitari potest,

Cic. Off. 3, 8, 36:

nullum vitium taetrius est, quam avaritia,

id. ib. 2, 22, 77. — Sup.:

taeterrimum bellum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 2.—

Esp., neutr. as adv., horridly, horribly, etc.:

taetrum flagrat... Horror conscius,

Prud. Cath. 4, 22.—Hence, adv.: taetrē, foully, shockingly, hideously, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 P.; Cic. Div. 1, 9.— Sup., Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2.

Tartărus or - os, i, m., in plur. (on prosodial grounds): Tartăra, ōrum, n., = Tartaros, plur. Tartara, the infernal regions, Tartarus ( poet.; in prose, inferi); sing., Lucr. 3, 1012; Verg. A. 6, 577; Hor. C. 3, 7, 17; Stat. S. 2, 7, 116; plur., Lucr. 3, 42; 3, 966; 5, 1126; Verg. A. 4, 243; 6, 135; Hor. C. 1, 28, 10; Ov. M. 1, 113; 5, 371; 5, 423;

10, 21 et saep. al.—Personified: Tartarus pater,

i. e. Pluto, Val. Fl. 4, 258.—Hence,

Tartărĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the infernal regions, Tartarean, infernal:

tenebrica plaga, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: antrum,

i. e. the infernal regions, Luc. 6, 712:

umbrae,

Ov. M. 6, 676; 12, 257:

custos,

i. e. Cerberus, Verg. A. 6, 395:

Acheron,

id. ib. 6, 295:

Phlegethon,

id. ib. 6, 551:

sorores,

i. e. the Furies, id. ib. 7, 328; Stat. Th. 5, 66;

hence, vox Alectus,

Verg. A. 7, 514.—

Tartărĭnus, a, um, adj., Tartarean, infernal; poet. for horrid, terrible:

Tartarino cum dixit Ennius, horrendo et terribili Verrius vult accipi, a Tartaro, qui locus apud inferos,

Fest. p. 359 Müll.: corpore Tartarino prognata Paluda virago, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 37 ib.— Trop.:

delator,

Amm. 15, 6, 1.

Tartărus, i, m., a river of Italy, now Tariaro, Tac. H. 3, 9.

Tartărus or - os, i, m., in plur. (on prosodial grounds): Tartăra, ōrum, n., = Tartaros, plur. Tartara, the infernal regions, Tartarus ( poet.; in prose, inferi); sing., Lucr. 3, 1012; Verg. A. 6, 577; Hor. C. 3, 7, 17; Stat. S. 2, 7, 116; plur., Lucr. 3, 42; 3, 966; 5, 1126; Verg. A. 4, 243; 6, 135; Hor. C. 1, 28, 10; Ov. M. 1, 113; 5, 371; 5, 423;

10, 21 et saep. al.—Personified: Tartarus pater,

i. e. Pluto, Val. Fl. 4, 258.—Hence,

Tartărĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the infernal regions, Tartarean, infernal:

tenebrica plaga, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: antrum,

i. e. the infernal regions, Luc. 6, 712:

umbrae,

Ov. M. 6, 676; 12, 257:

custos,

i. e. Cerberus, Verg. A. 6, 395:

Acheron,

id. ib. 6, 295:

Phlegethon,

id. ib. 6, 551:

sorores,

i. e. the Furies, id. ib. 7, 328; Stat. Th. 5, 66;

hence, vox Alectus,

Verg. A. 7, 514.—

Tartărĭnus, a, um, adj., Tartarean, infernal; poet. for horrid, terrible:

Tartarino cum dixit Ennius, horrendo et terribili Verrius vult accipi, a Tartaro, qui locus apud inferos,

Fest. p. 359 Müll.: corpore Tartarino prognata Paluda virago, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 37 ib.— Trop.:

delator,

Amm. 15, 6, 1.

Tartărus, i, m., a river of Italy, now Tariaro, Tac. H. 3, 9.

Tartărus or - os, i, m., in plur. (on prosodial grounds): Tartăra, ōrum, n., = Tartaros, plur. Tartara, the infernal regions, Tartarus ( poet.; in prose, inferi); sing., Lucr. 3, 1012; Verg. A. 6, 577; Hor. C. 3, 7, 17; Stat. S. 2, 7, 116; plur., Lucr. 3, 42; 3, 966; 5, 1126; Verg. A. 4, 243; 6, 135; Hor. C. 1, 28, 10; Ov. M. 1, 113; 5, 371; 5, 423;

10, 21 et saep. al.—Personified: Tartarus pater,

i. e. Pluto, Val. Fl. 4, 258.—Hence,

Tartărĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the infernal regions, Tartarean, infernal:

tenebrica plaga, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 9, 22: antrum,

i. e. the infernal regions, Luc. 6, 712:

umbrae,

Ov. M. 6, 676; 12, 257:

custos,

i. e. Cerberus, Verg. A. 6, 395:

Acheron,

id. ib. 6, 295:

Phlegethon,

id. ib. 6, 551:

sorores,

i. e. the Furies, id. ib. 7, 328; Stat. Th. 5, 66;

hence, vox Alectus,

Verg. A. 7, 514.—

Tartărĭnus, a, um, adj., Tartarean, infernal; poet. for horrid, terrible:

Tartarino cum dixit Ennius, horrendo et terribili Verrius vult accipi, a Tartaro, qui locus apud inferos,

Fest. p. 359 Müll.: corpore Tartarino prognata Paluda virago, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 37 ib.— Trop.:

delator,

Amm. 15, 6, 1.

Tartărus, i, m., a river of Italy, now Tariaro, Tac. H. 3, 9.