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crūdēlis

  • 1 crudelis

    crūdēlis, e, adj. [cf. Gr. kruos; Lat. crudus, cruor, caro], morally rude or unfeeling, with exclusive reference to conduct towards persons or things, hard, unmerciful, hard-hearted, cruel, severe, fierce (freq. and class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Of living subjects.
    (α).
    With in and abl.: crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratris, Lucr. 3, 72; cf.:

    crudelis in calamitate hominis consularis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 198:

    cui nimis videtur senatus in conservandā patriā fuisse crudelis,

    id. Pis. 8, 17.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    cum in eos, quos numquam viderat, tam crudelis fuisset,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22:

    in liberos atque in sanguinem suum,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 34:

    in quos Sulla crudelis hoc socio fuisset,

    id. Att. 9, 14, 2:

    in patriam,

    id. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Liv. 2, 56, 7.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    crudelem Castorem, ne dicam sceleratum et impium!

    Cic. Deiot. 1, 2:

    crudelis atque importuna mulier,

    id. Clu. 63, 177:

    malus atque crudelis,

    Sall. C. 16, 3:

    o crudelis adhuc, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 10, 1:

    Neptunus tanto amori,

    Prop. 2 (3), 26, 45 et saep.— Comp.:

    ecquid acerbius? ecquid crudelius?

    Cic. Att. 9, 14, 2:

    magis timeo ne in eum exsistam crudelior,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 3:

    heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos Te deus?

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 61.— Sup.:

    parricidae,

    Sall. C. 52, 31.—
    II.
    Of inanimate subjects:

    crudele et exitiosum bellum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 6, 7:

    o rem cum auditu crudelem tum visu nefariam,

    id. Planc. 41, 99:

    poena in cives crudelis,

    id. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

    in tam crudelem necessitatem incidere,

    id. Tusc. 3, 25, 60:

    facinora (with foeda),

    Sall. C. 11, 4:

    crudele intolerandumque imperium (opp. justissimum atque optimum),

    id. ib. 10, 6:

    sententia,

    id. ib. 51, 17:

    consilia,

    Cat. 64, 175; cf. id. 64, 136:

    pestes,

    id. 69, 9; cf. id. 64, 76:

    venenum vitae nostrae,

    id. 77, 5:

    ferrum,

    Prop. 2 (3), 15, 43:

    verber,

    Ov. F. 2, 695:

    poena,

    id. M. 2, 612; Verg. A. 6, 585:

    egestas,

    Val. Fl. 4, 459 et saep.:

    quid faciat? crudele, suos addicere amores,

    Ov. M. 1, 617.— Comp.:

    ignis,

    Cat. 62, 20:

    janua,

    Prop. 1, 16, 17:

    mens,

    Ov. M. 11, 701:

    quid crudelius, quam? etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 85. — Sup.:

    nomen tyranni,

    Nep. Dion, 1, 4:

    manus,

    Petr. 105:

    caedes,

    Suet. Calig. 30.— Hence, advv.
    a.
    crūdēlĕ (prop. neutr. sing. of adj.), cruelly, etc., Stat. Th. 3, 211; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 340; id. in Eutr. 2, 108. —
    b.
    crūdēlĭter, cruelly, in a cruel manner (very freq.), Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; Caes. B. G. 7, 38; Nep. Paus. 3, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 9; Suet. Tib. 61 al.— Comp., Liv. 31, 29, 11; Cat. 62, 24; Ov. M. 3, 442.— Sup., Cic. Sull. 27, 75; id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Caes. B. C. 1, 2 fin.; Nep. Eum. 6, 3 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crudelis

  • 2 crūdēlis

        crūdēlis e, adj. with comp. and sup.    [crudus], rude, unfeeling, hard, unmerciful, hard - hearted, cruel, severe, fierce: mulier: in calamitate hominis: cenatus in conservandā patriā: in eos: in patriam: gratuito, S.: ecquid crudelius?: crudelior in nos Te, H.: tanto amori, Pr.: crudelissimi hostes: parricidae, S. — Of things, cruel, pitiless, harsh, bitter: bellum: res auditu: poena in cives: facinora, S.: arae, of blood, V.: verber, O.: crudele, suos addicere amores, O.: amor tauri, fierce, V.: crudelior mens, O.: manūs crudelissimae.
    * * *
    crudele, crudelior -or -us, crudelissimus -a -um ADJ
    cruel/hardhearted/unmerciful/severe, bloodthirsty/savage/inhuman; harsh/bitter

    Latin-English dictionary > crūdēlis

  • 3 crudelis

    cruel

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > crudelis

  • 4 crudele

    crūdēlis, e, adj. [cf. Gr. kruos; Lat. crudus, cruor, caro], morally rude or unfeeling, with exclusive reference to conduct towards persons or things, hard, unmerciful, hard-hearted, cruel, severe, fierce (freq. and class. in prose and poetry).
    I.
    Of living subjects.
    (α).
    With in and abl.: crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratris, Lucr. 3, 72; cf.:

    crudelis in calamitate hominis consularis,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 198:

    cui nimis videtur senatus in conservandā patriā fuisse crudelis,

    id. Pis. 8, 17.—
    (β).
    With in and acc.:

    cum in eos, quos numquam viderat, tam crudelis fuisset,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 8, 22:

    in liberos atque in sanguinem suum,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 34:

    in quos Sulla crudelis hoc socio fuisset,

    id. Att. 9, 14, 2:

    in patriam,

    id. Cat. 4, 6, 13; Liv. 2, 56, 7.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    crudelem Castorem, ne dicam sceleratum et impium!

    Cic. Deiot. 1, 2:

    crudelis atque importuna mulier,

    id. Clu. 63, 177:

    malus atque crudelis,

    Sall. C. 16, 3:

    o crudelis adhuc, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 10, 1:

    Neptunus tanto amori,

    Prop. 2 (3), 26, 45 et saep.— Comp.:

    ecquid acerbius? ecquid crudelius?

    Cic. Att. 9, 14, 2:

    magis timeo ne in eum exsistam crudelior,

    id. ib. 10, 11, 3:

    heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos Te deus?

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 61.— Sup.:

    parricidae,

    Sall. C. 52, 31.—
    II.
    Of inanimate subjects:

    crudele et exitiosum bellum,

    Cic. Att. 9, 6, 7:

    o rem cum auditu crudelem tum visu nefariam,

    id. Planc. 41, 99:

    poena in cives crudelis,

    id. Phil. 11, 1, 1:

    in tam crudelem necessitatem incidere,

    id. Tusc. 3, 25, 60:

    facinora (with foeda),

    Sall. C. 11, 4:

    crudele intolerandumque imperium (opp. justissimum atque optimum),

    id. ib. 10, 6:

    sententia,

    id. ib. 51, 17:

    consilia,

    Cat. 64, 175; cf. id. 64, 136:

    pestes,

    id. 69, 9; cf. id. 64, 76:

    venenum vitae nostrae,

    id. 77, 5:

    ferrum,

    Prop. 2 (3), 15, 43:

    verber,

    Ov. F. 2, 695:

    poena,

    id. M. 2, 612; Verg. A. 6, 585:

    egestas,

    Val. Fl. 4, 459 et saep.:

    quid faciat? crudele, suos addicere amores,

    Ov. M. 1, 617.— Comp.:

    ignis,

    Cat. 62, 20:

    janua,

    Prop. 1, 16, 17:

    mens,

    Ov. M. 11, 701:

    quid crudelius, quam? etc.,

    Quint. 11, 1, 85. — Sup.:

    nomen tyranni,

    Nep. Dion, 1, 4:

    manus,

    Petr. 105:

    caedes,

    Suet. Calig. 30.— Hence, advv.
    a.
    crūdēlĕ (prop. neutr. sing. of adj.), cruelly, etc., Stat. Th. 3, 211; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 340; id. in Eutr. 2, 108. —
    b.
    crūdēlĭter, cruelly, in a cruel manner (very freq.), Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; id. Off. 1, 24, 82; Caes. B. G. 7, 38; Nep. Paus. 3, 3; Quint. 1, 5, 9; Suet. Tib. 61 al.— Comp., Liv. 31, 29, 11; Cat. 62, 24; Ov. M. 3, 442.— Sup., Cic. Sull. 27, 75; id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Caes. B. C. 1, 2 fin.; Nep. Eum. 6, 3 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crudele

  • 5 importunus

    importūnus ( inp-), a, um, adj. [from porto, qs. not conducive, not proper; opp. opportunus; hence], unfit, unsuitable, inconvenient (cf.: molestus, intempestivus, praeposterus).
    I.
    In gen. (rare):

    num importunum tempus in tanto otio?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 20 B. and K. (al. inopportunum):

    aggeribus turribusque et aliis machinationibus locus inportunus,

    Sall. J. 92, 7:

    importuna locorum,

    Sil. 3, 540; cf.:

    Armeniam petunt, id temporis importunam, quia hiems occipiebat,

    Tac. A. 12, 12: etenim est in eo loco sedes huic nostro non importuna sermoni, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 18:

    vi quidem regere patriam aut parentis importunum est,

    Sall. J. 3, 2.—
    II.
    ln partic., pregn.
    A.
    Troublesome, grievous, distressing, dangerous (rare):

    quom illi inportunam tempestatem conciet,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 8:

    neque alius importunior acutiorque morbus est,

    Cels. 4, 3:

    pauperies,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 37:

    Caphareus,

    stormy, Ov. M. 14, 481.—
    B.
    With respect to character, indecorous, unmannerly, uncivil, rude, morose, harsh, churlish, cruel, savage (class.; syn.: crudelis, immanis; opp. clemens).
    1.
    Of living beings:

    tam enim esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

    importunus atque amens tyrannus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 103:

    crudelis atque importuna mulier,

    id. Clu. 63, 177:

    tam importunus tamque crudelis,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 35:

    crudelissimus atque importunissimus tyrannus,

    Liv. 29, 17, 20:

    uxor importuna atque incommoda,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 47:

    senex,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 23:

    importunissimus hostis,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12:

    decemviri,

    Liv. 5, 2, 8:

    plebeii quam fuerint importuni, vides,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 21 fin.:

    locutores,

    Gell. 1, 15, 1:

    dives et importunus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 185:

    eripiet curule cui volet importunus ebur,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 54:

    volucres,

    Verg. G. 1, 470; Hor. S. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

    ales (bubo), i. e. infausta,

    Verg. A. 12, 864.—
    2.
    Of things:

    immanis atque importuna natura,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 8:

    libidines,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    111: clades civitatis,

    id. Brut. 97, 332:

    mors,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 19:

    sitis famesque argenti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23:

    importuna atque audax argutia,

    Gell. 3, 1, 6. — Adv.: importunē ( inp-), unsuitably, unseasonably; rudely, violently:

    confidere suis testibus et importune insistere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    repetere,

    Dig. 13, 6, 17:

    immittere versum de Pyrrho,

    Gell. 10, 16, 18:

    vexare civitates tyrannica crudelitate,

    Just. 42, 1.— Comp.:

    insultare veritati,

    Lact. 5, 2. — Sup.:

    facere,

    Gell. 20, 6, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > importunus

  • 6 inportunus

    importūnus ( inp-), a, um, adj. [from porto, qs. not conducive, not proper; opp. opportunus; hence], unfit, unsuitable, inconvenient (cf.: molestus, intempestivus, praeposterus).
    I.
    In gen. (rare):

    num importunum tempus in tanto otio?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 5, 20 B. and K. (al. inopportunum):

    aggeribus turribusque et aliis machinationibus locus inportunus,

    Sall. J. 92, 7:

    importuna locorum,

    Sil. 3, 540; cf.:

    Armeniam petunt, id temporis importunam, quia hiems occipiebat,

    Tac. A. 12, 12: etenim est in eo loco sedes huic nostro non importuna sermoni, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 18:

    vi quidem regere patriam aut parentis importunum est,

    Sall. J. 3, 2.—
    II.
    ln partic., pregn.
    A.
    Troublesome, grievous, distressing, dangerous (rare):

    quom illi inportunam tempestatem conciet,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 3, 8:

    neque alius importunior acutiorque morbus est,

    Cels. 4, 3:

    pauperies,

    Hor. C. 3, 16, 37:

    Caphareus,

    stormy, Ov. M. 14, 481.—
    B.
    With respect to character, indecorous, unmannerly, uncivil, rude, morose, harsh, churlish, cruel, savage (class.; syn.: crudelis, immanis; opp. clemens).
    1.
    Of living beings:

    tam enim esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

    importunus atque amens tyrannus,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 103:

    crudelis atque importuna mulier,

    id. Clu. 63, 177:

    tam importunus tamque crudelis,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 35:

    crudelissimus atque importunissimus tyrannus,

    Liv. 29, 17, 20:

    uxor importuna atque incommoda,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 47:

    senex,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 23:

    importunissimus hostis,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12:

    decemviri,

    Liv. 5, 2, 8:

    plebeii quam fuerint importuni, vides,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 21 fin.:

    locutores,

    Gell. 1, 15, 1:

    dives et importunus,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 185:

    eripiet curule cui volet importunus ebur,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 54:

    volucres,

    Verg. G. 1, 470; Hor. S. 1, 8, 6; cf.:

    ales (bubo), i. e. infausta,

    Verg. A. 12, 864.—
    2.
    Of things:

    immanis atque importuna natura,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 3, § 8:

    libidines,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

    111: clades civitatis,

    id. Brut. 97, 332:

    mors,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 19:

    sitis famesque argenti,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 23:

    importuna atque audax argutia,

    Gell. 3, 1, 6. — Adv.: importunē ( inp-), unsuitably, unseasonably; rudely, violently:

    confidere suis testibus et importune insistere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80:

    repetere,

    Dig. 13, 6, 17:

    immittere versum de Pyrrho,

    Gell. 10, 16, 18:

    vexare civitates tyrannica crudelitate,

    Just. 42, 1.— Comp.:

    insultare veritati,

    Lact. 5, 2. — Sup.:

    facere,

    Gell. 20, 6, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inportunus

  • 7 crūdēlitās

        crūdēlitās ātis, f    [crudelis], harshness, severity, cruelty, barbarity: in homines: in immanitate puniendā: erga nobiles, N.: alicuius crudelitatem horrere, Cs.: esse singulari crudelitate: crudelitatem exercere in vivo: ultima, extreme, L.
    * * *
    cruelty/barbarity, harshness/severity, savagery/inhumanity; instance of cruelty

    Latin-English dictionary > crūdēlitās

  • 8 crūdēliter

        crūdēliter adv. with comp. and sup.    [crudelis], cruelly, fiercely, in a cruel manner, C.: excruciatus, Cs.: victoriam exercebant, S.: crudelius factum: amare, O.: supplicium crudelissime sumere.
    * * *
    crudelius, crudelissime ADV
    cruelly, savagely, relentlessly; with cruel effect

    Latin-English dictionary > crūdēliter

  • 9 grātuītō

        grātuītō adv.    [gratuitus], without pay, for naught, gratis, gratuitously: causas defendens: civitatem impertire, for no particular reason: crudelis erat, wantonly, S.
    * * *
    gratis, without pay, for naught, gratuitously; for no special reason; wantonly

    Latin-English dictionary > grātuītō

  • 10 nātus (gnā-)

        nātus (gnā-) adj.    [P. of nascor], born, made, destined, designed, intended, produced by nature, fit: huic natus rei, ferundis miseriis, T.: non sibi soli: loca insidiis, L.: vir ad omnia summa: canor mulcendas natus ad aurīs, O.: in vanos tumultūs gens, L.: Nos fruges consumere nati, H.: animal tolerare labores, O.: nati in usum laetitiae scyphi, H.: dira in periuria linguae, O.: adversus Romanos hostis, L.: animal propter convivia, Iu. — Plur n. as subst: terrā nata, productions of.— Constituted by nature: non scripta sed nata lex: ita natus locus est, L.: versūs male, H.—In the phrases, pro re natā, or (old) e re natā, under present circumstances, as matters are: ut in iis pro re natā non incommode possint esse: E re natā melius fieri haud potuit, T.—With a phrase expressing time, old, of the age of: eques annos prope XC natus: Cato annos octoginta natus excessit e vitā, at the age of.—With maior or minor: annos natast sedecim, Non maior, T.: minor quinque et viginti annis natus, N.: homo annos maior quadraginta, over forty years old: liberi maiores quam quindecim annos, L.—With plus or amplius: annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, T.: non amplius novem annos natus, N.—As subst m., a son: crudelis, V.: caritas, quae est inter natos et parentes, children: Cum pecore et gnatis, H.

    Latin-English dictionary > nātus (gnā-)

  • 11 nūdō

        nūdō āvī, ātus, āre    [nudus], to make naked, strip, bare, lay bare, expose, uncover: inter civīs corpore: superiore corporis parte nudatā, Cs.: hominem nudari ac deligari iubet: gladios, L.: telum nudatum vaginā, N.: Tertia nudandas acceperat area messīs, i. e. to be threshed out, O.: Satyros nudavit, exposed on the stage, H.—In war, to leave uncovered, leave exposed, expose, deprive: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, Cs.: latera sua, L.: neque sibi nudanda litora existimabant, Cs.: praesidiis nudatus, S.: terga fugā nudant, V.— To strip, spoil, plunder: spoliavit nudavitque omnia: nudatus opibus, L.: cornicula nudata coloribus, H.: nec nuder ab illis, O.—Fig., to lay bare, expose: evolutus illis integumentis dissimulationis tuae nudatusque.— To lay bare, make visible, expose, betray, disclose: defectionem, L.: voluntates hominum, L.: eius consilia adversus Romanos, L.: ingenium res Adversae nudare solent, H.: Crudelīs aras traiectaque pectora, i. e. tells the sacrilege, and shows his pierced breast, V.— To deprive, strip: se regno nudari: nudata omnibus rebus tribunicia potestas, Cs.: quem praeceps alea nudat, impoverishes, H.
    * * *
    nudare, nudavi, nudatus V
    lay bare, strip; leave unprotected

    Latin-English dictionary > nūdō

  • 12 sūmō

        sūmō sūmpsī, sūmptus, ere    [sub+cmo], to take, take up, take in hand, lay hold of, assume: a me argentum, T.: legem in manūs: litteras ad te a M. Lepido consule sumpsimus, have provided ourselves with: Tusculi ante quam Romae sumpta sunt arma, L.: perventum est eo, quo sumpta navis est, hired: pecuniam mutuam, borrow.—To take, eat, drink, consume, enjoy, put on: vinum, N.: Partem Falerni, H.: pomum de lance, O.: sumptā virili togā, put on: regium ornatum, N.— To take in exchange, buy, purchase: decumas agri Leontini: Quae parvo sumi nequeunt, H.—Fig., to take, take up, assume: tantos sibi spiritūs, ut, etc., assumed, Cs.: animum, take courage, O.: sump<*> tis inimicitiis, susceptā causā.— To take up, under take, enter upon, begin: omne bellum sumi facile, to be undertaken, S.: bellum cum Veientibus sumptum, L.: Prima fide vocisque ratae temptamina, O.: Quem virum lyrā sumis celebrare? H.— To exact, inflict, with supplicium or poenam: more maiorum supplicium sumpsit, Cs.: de illā supplicium sumere: virgis supplicium crudelissime sumere: pro maleficio poenam sumi oportere: tam crudelīs poenas, to take such cruel revenge, V.— To take, choose, select: philosophiae studium: hoc mihi sumo, this is my choice: meliores liberos sumpsisse quam genuisse, i. e. to have adopted, S.: materiam vestris aequam Viribus, H.: mala, O.: disceptatorem, L.: Miltiadem imperatorem sibi, N.— To take, assume, claim, arrogate, appropriate: quamquam mihi non sumo tantum neque adrogo, ut, etc.: imperatorias sibi partīs, Cs.: Nec sumit aut ponit securīs Arbitrio popularis aurae, H.: voltūs acerbos, O.: antiquos mores, L.— To take, obtain, get, acquire, receive: distat sumasne pudenter An rapias, H.: laudem a crimine, O.: sumpto rigore, O.— To take, lay out, use, apply, employ, spend, consume: frustra operam, T.: laborem, Cs.: diem ad deliberandum, Cs.: cibi quietisque tempus, L.: curis sumptus, worn out, C. poët.—Of a speaker, to take for granted, assume, maintain, suppose, affirm: id sumere pro certo, quod dubium est: beatos esse deos: pro non dubio, aequius esse, etc., L.— To take, bring forward, cite, mention, adduce: homines notos sumere odiosum est: unum hoc sumo: quid quisquam potest ex omni memoriā sumere inlustrius?
    * * *
    I
    sumere, sumpsi, sumptus V
    take up; begin; suppose, assume; select; purchase; exact (punishment); obtain
    II
    sumere, sumsi, sumtus V
    accept; begin; suppose; select; purchase; obtain; (= sumpsi, sumptum)

    Latin-English dictionary > sūmō

  • 13 Clemens

    1.
    clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

    but -te,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].
    I.
    Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

    clementior Auster vela vocat,

    Stat. Th. 5, 468:

    aura Favoni,

    Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

    clementior dies,

    Col. 11, 2, 2:

    clementior Arctos,

    Sil. 1, 198:

    clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

    Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

    mare,

    Gell. 2, 21, 1:

    Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

    Curt. 5, 3, 1:

    quā sit clementissimus amnis,

    Ov. M. 9, 116.—
    2.
    Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

    clivulus,

    App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

    placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

    egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

    vita urbana atque otium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

    vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

    cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

    id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

    (Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

    Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—
    2.
    Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—
    B.
    Specif.
    1.
    Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

    opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

    judices et misericordes,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.
    * Hor.
    C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

    vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

    legis interpres,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8:

    dominus facilis et clemens,

    Suet. Aug. 67:

    justa et clemens servitus,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

    castigatio,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    clementior sententia,

    Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—
    2.
    Poet. of places:

    pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

    accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.
    I.
    (Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

    non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

    agitant venti oleas,

    Pall. Nov. 5:

    spirant clementius Austri,

    Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

    calces deteris,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —
    B.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

    clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

    Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

    editum jugum,

    id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

    accedere,

    Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

    explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

    id. H. 3, 52.—
    II.
    (Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

    si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

    leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

    86: ferre aliquid,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    consolationes clementer admotae,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

    quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

    leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

    Gell. 5, 14, 12.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

    clementer et moderate jus dicere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

    clementer a consule accepti,

    Liv. 27, 15, 2:

    clementer ductis militibus,

    i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

    clementius tractare aliquem,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

    clementissime scribere de aliquo,

    Gell. 1, 18, 3:

    qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.
    2.
    Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

    Julius,

    Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

    Arretinus,

    id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

    Flavius,

    id. ib. 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Clemens

  • 14 clemens

    1.
    clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

    but -te,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].
    I.
    Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

    clementior Auster vela vocat,

    Stat. Th. 5, 468:

    aura Favoni,

    Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

    clementior dies,

    Col. 11, 2, 2:

    clementior Arctos,

    Sil. 1, 198:

    clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

    Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

    mare,

    Gell. 2, 21, 1:

    Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

    Curt. 5, 3, 1:

    quā sit clementissimus amnis,

    Ov. M. 9, 116.—
    2.
    Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

    clivulus,

    App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

    placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

    egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

    vita urbana atque otium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

    vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

    cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

    id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

    (Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

    Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—
    2.
    Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—
    B.
    Specif.
    1.
    Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

    opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

    judices et misericordes,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.
    * Hor.
    C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

    vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

    legis interpres,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8:

    dominus facilis et clemens,

    Suet. Aug. 67:

    justa et clemens servitus,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

    castigatio,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    clementior sententia,

    Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—
    2.
    Poet. of places:

    pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

    accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.
    I.
    (Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

    non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

    agitant venti oleas,

    Pall. Nov. 5:

    spirant clementius Austri,

    Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

    calces deteris,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —
    B.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

    clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

    Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

    editum jugum,

    id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

    accedere,

    Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

    explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

    id. H. 3, 52.—
    II.
    (Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

    si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

    leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

    86: ferre aliquid,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    consolationes clementer admotae,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

    quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

    leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

    Gell. 5, 14, 12.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

    clementer et moderate jus dicere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

    clementer a consule accepti,

    Liv. 27, 15, 2:

    clementer ductis militibus,

    i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

    clementius tractare aliquem,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

    clementissime scribere de aliquo,

    Gell. 1, 18, 3:

    qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.
    2.
    Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

    Julius,

    Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

    Arretinus,

    id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

    Flavius,

    id. ib. 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > clemens

  • 15 clementer

    1.
    clēmens, entis (abl. usu. -ti;

    but -te,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8; Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7, 3), adj. [etym. dub.; cf. lemures; and Germ. hold].
    I.
    Orig. (in the class. per. very rare), of the quiet, placid, pleasant state of the air, wind, or weather, mild, calm, soft, gentle ( = the class. placidus, quietus): undae clementi flamine pulsae, * Cat. 64, 272:

    clementior Auster vela vocat,

    Stat. Th. 5, 468:

    aura Favoni,

    Claud. Cons. Prob. Olyb. 272; cf. id. III. Cons. Hon. 165; Val. Fl. 6, 747:

    clementior dies,

    Col. 11, 2, 2:

    clementior Arctos,

    Sil. 1, 198:

    clementiores plagae (opp. Septentrio),

    Pall. Febr. 12, 1.—Hence,
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    Of the gentle motion of the sea, rivers, etc., placid, calm, etc.:

    mare,

    Gell. 2, 21, 1:

    Pasitigris clementiore alveo praeterit, etc. (preced. by: praeceps inter saxa devolvitur),

    Curt. 5, 3, 1:

    quā sit clementissimus amnis,

    Ov. M. 9, 116.—
    2.
    Of places (opp. praeceps), smooth, of a gentle ascent:

    clivulus,

    App. M. 4, p. 144.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of a calm, unexcited, passionless state of mind, quiet, mild, gentle, tranquil, kind (syn.:

    placidus, lenis): clementem vocabo non in alieno dolore facilem, sed eum, qui cum suis stimulis exagitetur, non prosilit, etc.,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 20, 3:

    egit semper vitam... clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 10:

    vita urbana atque otium,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 17 (cf. with Cic. Rab. Post. 7, 17:

    vita quieta atque otiosa): ille suam semper egit vitam in otio, in conviviis: clemens, placidus,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10; Liv. 38, 17, 17 (cf. the passages under clementia, cited from Flor.):

    cupio, patres conscripti, me esse clementem: cupio in tantis rei publicae periculis me non dissolutum videri,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 4:

    etsi satis clemens sum in disputando, tamen interdum soleo subirasci,

    id. Fin. 2, 4, 12:

    (Arimphaeis) ritus clementes,

    Plin. 6, 13, 14, § 35.—
    2.
    Transf. to animals. tame, domesticated: clementius genus columbarum [p. 353] (opp. agrestes), Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 2.—
    B.
    Specif.
    1.
    Mild in respect to the faults and failures of others, i. e. forbearing, indulgent, compassionate, merciful (class.; syn.: mitis, benignus, humanus, lenis, facilis, indulgens;

    opp.: crudelis, inhumanus, asper al.): clementi (mi) animo ignoscet,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 37; Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 22:

    judices et misericordes,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 31; cf.
    * Hor.
    C. 3, 11, 46; Tac. A. 2, 57:

    vir et contra audaciam fortissimus et ab innocentiā clementissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Nep. Epam. 3, 2:

    legis interpres,

    Liv. 1, 26, 8:

    dominus facilis et clemens,

    Suet. Aug. 67:

    justa et clemens servitus,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 9:

    castigatio,

    Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137:

    clementior sententia,

    Liv. 8, 31, 8.—More unusual: rumor, i. e. non nimius, mild, mitigated, praos (acc. to Prisc. p. 1202 P.), Sall. J. 22, 1.—
    2.
    Poet. of places:

    pars (insulae) ratibus clemens,

    accessible, Claud. B. Gild. 511.— Adv.: clē-menter.
    I.
    (Acc. to I. A.) Gently, softly, mildly:

    non desiit adsidue tremere Campania, clementius quidem, sed ingenti damno,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 31, 1:

    agitant venti oleas,

    Pall. Nov. 5:

    spirant clementius Austri,

    Stat. S. 2, 2, 27.—So of moderate, slow action gen.: Eu. Sequere sis. Ch. Sequor. Eu. Clementer quaeso;

    calces deteris,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 111; so id. Stich. 4, 1, 26; id. Ep. 2, 2, 23. —
    B.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2.) By degrees, gradually, gently:

    clementer et molliter assurgens collis,

    Col. 2, 2, 1; cf. Tac. A. 13, 38:

    editum jugum,

    id. G. 1; Sil. 1, 274; Sen. Oedip. 280:

    accedere,

    Tac. A. 12, 33; cf. in comp.:

    explorare, si quā Appennini juga clementius adirentur,

    id. H. 3, 52.—
    II.
    (Acc. to II. A.) Quietly, placidly, tranquilly, calmly: accipere aliquid clementius aequo, * Lucr. 3, 314:

    si quid est factum clementer, ut dissolute factum criminer,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 19:

    leniter hominem clementerque accepit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 40, §

    86: ferre aliquid,

    id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

    consolationes clementer admotae,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

    quo id pacto fieri possit clementissime,

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 5:

    leo caudam clementer et blande movet,

    Gell. 5, 14, 12.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. B.) With forbearance, mildly, with indulgence:

    clementer et moderate jus dicere,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20:

    clementer a consule accepti,

    Liv. 27, 15, 2:

    clementer ductis militibus,

    i.e. peacefully, without plundering, id. 29, 2, 1.— Comp.:

    clementius tractare aliquem,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5.— Sup.:

    clementissime scribere de aliquo,

    Gell. 1, 18, 3:

    qui victoriā civili clementissime usus est,

    Sen. Ira, 2, 23, 4.
    2.
    Clēmens, entis, m., a proper name, in later Lat. very freq.:

    Julius,

    Tac. A. 1, 23; 1, 26; 15, 73; id. H. 1, 87; 2, 12:

    Arretinus,

    id. ib. 4, 68; Suet. Dom. 11:

    Flavius,

    id. ib. 15.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > clementer

  • 16 contundo

    con-tundo, tŭdi, tūsum (tunsum, Plin. 21, 27, 101, § 174; 28, 16, 62, § 221 al.), 3 ( perf. contūdit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P., or Ann. v. 482 Vahl.; but contŭdit, id. ap. Prisc. l. l., or Ann. v. 387 Vahl.), v. a., to beat, bruise, grind, crush, pound, break to pieces (syn.: confringo, debilito; very freq. and class. in prose and poetry; not in Quint.; for in 11, 2, 13, confudit is the better reading).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.: oleas in lentisco, Cato. [p. 461] R. R. 7, 4 (cited ap. Varr. R. R. 1, 60):

    thymum in pila,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; cf.:

    radices ferreis pilis,

    Col. 7, 7, 2: florem nullo aratro, * Cat. 62, 40:

    colla,

    Col. 6, 2, 8; 6, 14, 3: classis victa, fusa, contusa, fugataque est, Inscr. ap. Liv. 40, 52, 6:

    aliquem male fustibus,

    Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 4; cf.:

    aliquem pugnis,

    id. Bacch. 3, 3, 46; and:

    pugiles caestibus contusi,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40:

    aliquem saxis,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 98:

    pectus ictu,

    Ov. M. 12, 85:

    faciem planā palmā (with caedere pectus pugnis),

    Juv. 13, 128:

    contusi ac debilitati inter saxa rupesque,

    Liv. 21, 40, 9:

    hydram,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 10:

    nares a fronte resimas,

    to squeeze together, press in, Ov. M. 14, 96.—With acc. of part:

    asper equus duris contunditur ora lupatis,

    Ov. Am. 1, 2, 15.— Poet. of the beating to pieces of crops by hail:

    vites grando,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 5 (cf. id. C. 3, 1, 29: non verberatae grandine vineae);

    and of lameness produced by disease, etc.: postquam illi justa cheragra Contudit articulos ( = debilitavit nodis),

    id. S. 2, 7, 16 (cf. Pers. 5, 58: cum lapidosa cheragra fregerit articulos, has crippled).—
    B.
    In medic. lang.: contūsum ( - tun-sum), i, n., a bruise, contusion (cf. contusio), Scrib. Comp. 209; Cels. 5, 28, 14; Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 136 sq. al.—
    II.
    Trop., to break, lessen, weaken, destroy, subdue, put down, baffle, check, etc. (syn.: frango, obtero, vinco): virosque valentes contudit crudelis hiems, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 891 P.; cf. id. Ann. v. 387 and 482 Vahl.:

    corpora conturbant magno contusa labore,

    Lucr. 4, 958:

    populos feroces,

    Verg. A. 1, 264:

    ferocem Hannibalem,

    Liv. 27, 2, 2:

    nostrae opes contusae hostiumque auctae erant,

    Sall. J. 43, 5:

    contudi animum et fortasse vici,

    Cic. Att. 12, 44, 3; cf.:

    animos feros placidā arte,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 12:

    contudi et fregi exsultantis praedonis audaciam,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 13, 29:

    calumniam et stultitiam (with obtrivit),

    id. Caecin. 7, 18:

    regum tumidas minas,

    Hor. C. 4, 3, 8:

    impetus,

    id. ib. 3, 6, 10:

    ingenium patientia longa laborum,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 31:

    facta Talthybi,

    i. e. to surpass by my own, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 33. (But in Lucr. 5, 692, concludit is the right reading, Lachm., Munro.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contundo

  • 17 crudelitas

    crūdēlĭtas, ātis, f. [crudelis], harshness, severity, cruelty, barbarity (in good prose and very freq.):

    crudelitas est atrocitas animi in exigendis poenis,

    Sen. Clem. 2, 4, 1:

    crudelitas est inclinatio ad asperiora,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 3:

    ista in nostros homines crudelitas,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 88, § 150; id. Off. 2, 8, 27; 3, 11, 46; id. Sest. 65, 135; id. Phil. 11, 3, 8; id. Rep. 1, 3, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Sall. C. 51, 14; Nep. Alcib. 4, 4; Liv. 3, 53, 7; 42, 8, 5 et saep.; Prud. Perieg. 2291 al.:

    in meo inimico crudelitatem exprompsisti tuam,

    Cic. Mil. 13, 33:

    crudelitatem exercere in vivo,

    id. Phil. 11, 3, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crudelitas

  • 18 crudeliter

    crūdēlĭter, adv., v. crudelis fin. b.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crudeliter

  • 19 crudus

    crūdus, a, um, adj. [root kru-, of Gr. kruos; cf. cruor, crudelis], bloody, bleeding, trickling with blood, etc.
    I.
    Prop. (so rare):

    vulnus,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 11:

    vulnera,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 19; id. P. 1, 3, 16.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of food, raw, not cooked: quid tu curas, utrum [p. 485] crudum an coctum edim? Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 15:

    exta,

    Liv. 29, 27, 5:

    carnem mandere,

    Suet. Ner. 37.—So also of undigested food:

    pavo,

    Juv. 1, 143; cf.

    trop.: lectio non cruda sed multā iteratione mollita et velut confecta,

    Quint. 10, 1, 19;

    and, alvus,

    Cato, R. R. 125:

    qui crudum ructat,

    i. e. when undigested food rises in the stomach, Cels. 1, 2; v. ructo.— Transf., of persons suffering from indigestion, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 8, 23; Quint. 11, 3, 27; Hor. S. 1, 5, 49; id. Ep. 1, 6, 61:

    crudior,

    Cic. Clu. 60, 168; cf. cruditas; so,

    bos,

    Hor. Epod. 8, 6 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, in a pun, Mart. 3, 13, 3 sq.—
    B.
    In gen., of all physical or moral crudeness, immaturity, roughness, etc.
    1.
    Lit.
    a.
    Unripe, immature, crude:

    poma ex arboribus, cruda si sunt, vix evelluntur, si matura et cocta, decidunt,

    Cic. Sen. 19, 71:

    pruna (opp. maturissima),

    Col. 12, 10, 3:

    muria (opp. matura),

    id. 12, 6, 2 al.:

    palmes,

    Luc. 4, 317 (viridis, Schol.);

    of an abscess,

    not mature, Cels. 5, 28, 11:

    puella,

    Mart. 8, 64, 11; cf. Hor. C. 3, 11, 12:

    funera nepotis,

    premature, early, Stat. Th. 9, 391; cf. id. Achill. 1, 478:

    amor,

    yet young, fresh, id. Th. 2, 341; cf.:

    crudum adhuc servitium,

    Tac. A. 1, 8 fin.:

    adhuc studia,

    Petr. 4:

    crudi sine viribus anni,

    Sil. 12, 348:

    juventus,

    not yet armed, id. 3, 302; Claud. Cons. Hon. 3, 42.—
    (β).
    Opp. to age, and the weakness arising from age, fresh, vigorous:

    jam senior, sed cruda deo viridisque senectus,

    Verg. A. 6, 304;

    imitated by Tac.: quibus cruda ac viridis senectus,

    Tac. Agr. 29: cf.

    meus,

    Sil. 5, 569.—
    b.
    Unprepared, immature, raw, crude:

    crudum et immotum solum,

    Col. 2, 2, 25; cf. Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 179:

    pix,

    Col. 12, 20, 6:

    corium,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 116 Müll.; for which, poet., taurus, Val. Fl. 4, 250;

    and, caestus,

    made of raw hide, undressed leather, Verg. A. 5, 69:

    rudis cortice crudo hasta,

    id. ib. 9, 743.—Of verses, unpolished, rude:

    junctura addita crudis (numeris),

    Pers. 1, 92 (cf.:

    si forte aliquid decoctius audis,

    id. 1, 125).—Of the voice, rough, hoarse:

    quia crudus fuerit,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 125.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Raw, not prepared or matured:

    ut cibos mansos ac prope liquefactos demittimus, quo facilius digerantur, ita lectio non cruda, sed multā iteratione mollita et velut confecta memoriae tradatur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 19.—
    b.
    Rough, unfeeling, cruel, merciless ( poet.).
    (α).
    Of personal subjects:

    dicat me Crudum virum esse,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 14; id. Poen. 5, 2, 148; Ov. M. 4, 240:

    Getae,

    id. Tr. 5, 3, 8:

    cena, crude Thyesta, tua,

    Mart. 4, 49, 4:

    crudus et leti artifex,

    Sen. Hippol. 1220.—More freq.,
    (β).
    Of things as subjects:

    bella,

    Ov. Am. 3, 8, 58:

    ensis,

    Verg. A. 10, 682; cf. Sil. 7, 113; Stat. Th. 10, 342:

    tyrannis,

    Juv. 8, 223: crudissimum pistrinum, most rude, uncultivated, Cassius ap. Suet. Aug. 4.— Adv. not in use.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > crudus

  • 20 dira

    dīrus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. root dī, to flee; Gr. deos, deidô, deinos], fearful, awful (for syn. cf.: saevus, atrox, ferox, crudelis, trux, furens, furiosus, immitis).
    I.
    Orig. belonging to the lang. of augurs; of fate, ill-omened, ominous, boding, portentous:

    QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA VITIOSA DIRA DEFIXERIT, IRRITA INFECTAQVE SVNTO,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.; cf. id. Div. 1, 16:

    tristissima exta sine capite fuerunt, quibus nihil videtur esse dirius,

    id. ib. 2, 15 fin.; cf.:

    bubo, dirum mortalibus omen,

    Ov. M. 5, 550:

    omen,

    Tac. H. 3, 56; Suet. Aug. 92; id. Tib. 1, 3, 17:

    aves,

    Tac. A. 12, 43; Suet. Claud. 22:

    alites,

    Plin. 18, 1, 1, § 4:

    somnia,

    Val. Fl. 3, 59:

    tempus, Cic. Poët. Div. 1, 11, 18: exsecrationes,

    Liv. 40, 56; 28, 22; Suet. Claud. 12; cf.

    deprecationes,

    Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 19:

    detestatio,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 89:

    ritus sacrorum,

    Tac. A. 16, 8:

    religio loci,

    Verg. A. 8, 350 et saep.—Hence, as subst.:
    1.
    dīrae, ārum, f.
    (α).
    (sc. res), ill-boding things, portents, unlucky signs:

    dirarum obnuntiatio,

    id. ib.; Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; 28, 2, 5, § 26; Tac. A. 6, 24 al.; Hor. Epod. 5, 89; Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 117.—
    (β).
    As a nom. propr., Dīrae, the Furies, Verg. A. 12, 845 sq.; 4, 473; Val. Fl. 1, 804; Aur. Vict. Epit. 21 al.;

    called also Dirae deae, sorores,

    Verg. A. 7, 324 and 454.—
    2.
    dīra, ōrum, n., fearful things, ill-boding events:

    in dira et in vitiosa incurrimus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 16, 29; id. Leg. 2, 8, 21; cf.:

    me mihi dira precari cogis,

    to curse, invoke curses on, Tib. 2, 6, 17:

    dira passus,

    Vulg. Sirach, 38, 16.
    II.
    Transf., of character, dreadful, horrible, terrible, abominable, detestable (so almost exclusively poet.; a very favorite expression with the Aug. poets; in the Ciceron. per. not at all; but cf. diritas, II.): senex dirissimus, Varr. Poët. ap. Non. 100, 30:

    Dea,

    i. e. Circe, Ov. M. 14, 278:

    Ulixes,

    Verg. A. 2, 261; 762:

    Hannibal,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 2 al.:

    durum,

    id. ib. 3, 6, 36 (also ap. Quint. 8, 2, 9):

    Afer,

    Hor. C. 4, 4, 42:

    Amulius,

    Ov. F. 4, 53:

    noverca,

    id. H. 12, 188:

    pellex,

    id. ib. 5, 60 et saep.:

    hydra,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 10:

    serpens,

    Ov. M. 2, 651:

    victima,

    id. A. A. 1, 334:

    parens,

    fell, cruel, id. ib. 2, 383:

    soror,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 84:

    parentes,

    Manil. 5, 541.—
    b.
    Of inanimate and abstr. subjects:

    regio,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 5:

    facies,

    id. F. 1, 553:

    dapes,

    id. ib. 6, 663:

    venena,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 61; id. S. 1, 9, 31:

    Asphaltites lacus,

    Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71:

    scopulus,

    id. 4, 11, 18, § 51:

    duarum Syrtium vadoso mari diri sinus,

    id. 5, 4, 4, § 26 et saep.:

    bellum,

    Verg. A. 11, 217:

    nefas,

    id. ib. 4, 563:

    sollicitudines,

    Hor. Epod. 13, 10:

    amores,

    Ov. M. 10, 426:

    superbia,

    id. ib. 3, 354:

    quies,

    Tac. A. 1, 65 et saep.— Poet., answering to the Gr. deinos, with inf.:

    dira portas quassare trabs,

    Sil. 4, 284.—
    B.
    Skilful:

    in complicandis negotiis,

    Amm. 14, 5, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dira

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