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1 ἐπι-πήγνῡμι
ἐπι-πήγνῡμι (s. πήγνυμι), 1) auf der Oberfläche hart werden lassen, gerinnen od. gefrieren machen, vom Reif, Xen. Cyn. 5, 1. – Pass., auf der Oberfläche gefrieren, Theophr. – 2) darein befestigen, einsetzen, Sp.
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2 πήγνυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: to fix, to stick, to join, to congeal or to coagulate' (Il.).Other forms: Dor. Aeol. πάγ-, also - ύω (X., Arist.), πήσσω, - ττω (hell.), aor. πῆξαι ( ἔπηκτο Λ 378; Schwyzer 751; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), pass. παγῆναι, πηχθῆ-ναι, fut. πήξω, perf. act. intr. πέπηγα (all Il.), trans. plqu. ἐπεπήχεσαν (D. C.), midd. πέπηγμαι (D. H., Arr.).Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. ἐν-, συν-, κατα-, παρα-. Compounds: πηγεσί-μαλλος `dense of wool' (Γ 197; - εσι- prob. only enlarging, Schwyzer 444 w. n. 4); - πηξ, e.g. in ἀντί-πηξ, - γος f. `kind of chest' (E.; Bergson Eranos 58, 12 ff.); ναυ-πηγ-ός m. `shipbuilder' (Att. etc.); - πηγ-ής and - παγ-ής, e.g. εὑ-πηγ-ής. εὑ-παγ-ής `well built' (φ 334, Pl.), περιπηγ-ής `frozen around' (Nic.); συμπαγ-ής `put together' (Pl.).Derivatives: A. From the full grade: 1. πηγός `solid, dense, strong' (ep. poet. I 124), prob. prop, `fixing' (cf. Schwyzer 459, Chantraine Form. 13); second. `white', also `black' (late poetry; wrongly concluded from Hom., Kretschmer Glotta 31, 95ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 n. 8, to it also Reiter Die griech. Bez. der Farben weiß, grau und braun 74 f.). 2. πηγάς, - άδος f. `hoar-frost, rime' (Hes.); 3. πηγυλίς f. `frosty, icecold' (ξ 476, A. R.), `hoar-frost, rime' (AP a.o.). 3. πῆγμα ( διά-, παρά-, σύμ-, πρόσ- πήγνυμι a.o.) n. `smth. joint together, stage, scaffold etc.' (Hp., hell.; coni. ap. A. Ag. 1198), - μάτιον (Ph., Procl.); 4. πῆξις ( σύμ-, ἔκ-, ἔμ- πήγνυμι a.o.) f. `fixing, fastening, coagulation' (Hp., Arist.); πήγνυσις f. `id.' (Ps.-Thales). 5. πηκτός, Dor. πᾱκ- ( κατά-, σύμ-, εὔ- πήγνυμι a.o.) `solid etc.' (in Att.); πηκτή f. `set up net, framework' (Ar., Arist.), πακτά f. `fresh cheese' (Theoc. a.o.; cf. Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 47); ἐμπήκτης m. `one who sticks up (the Athen. judicial notes)' (Arist.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 74); πηκτίς (Dor. Aeol. πακ-), - ίδος f. name of a Lydian harp (IA.); πηκτικός ( ἐκ- πήγνυμι) `making coagulate, congeal' (Thphr.. Dsc.). 6. πηγετός m. = παγ- (D. P.). -- B. From the zero grade: πάγος, - ετός, - ερός, πάγη, πάξ, πάχνη, s. vv. (not πάσσαλος); also πάγιος `stout, solid' (Pl., Arist.) and παγεύς m. `pedestal' (Hero). Further also πᾰκ-τός in καταπακ-τός, (Hdt.) and πακτό-ω ( ἐπι-, ἐμ- πήγνυμι) `to fix' (IA.; πακτός for trad. πηκτός in Hom.?; Wackernagel Unt. 11 f.).Etymology: Beside the νυ-present πήγ-νυ-μι (with second. full grade) stands in Latin and Germ. a zero grade formation with nasalinfix: Lat. pa-n-g-ō `consolidate, fix together' (on the semant. agreement between Greek and Lat. Schulze KZ 57, 297 = Kl. Schr. 217), Germ., e.g. Goth. fahan, OHG fāhan from PGerm. * fa-n-χ-an (IE *paḱ- beside *paǵ-) `fasten, catch'. An analogous pair is ζεύγ-νυ-μι: iu-n-g-ō. Also the reduplicated perfekt πέ-πηγ-α has a formal agreement in Lat. pe-pig-ī with zero grade as in opt. πεπαγοίην (Eup.). Phonet. identical are further πηγός and pāgus m. `district, village'; also, with secondary full grade, πηκτός and com-pāctus, πῆξις and com-pācti-ō. The original zero grade is in πακτός and păctus ( sum, beside păciscor) retained. Zero grade also, without direct connection with the Greek formations πάγος etc., in Germ., e.g. OS fac n. `encompassing frontier, NHG Fach. -- An aspirated byform Meillet finds BSL 36, 110 in Arm. p'akem `close, shut off'. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 2 f., Pok. 787f., W.-Hofmann s. pangō and pacīscō. (Not here πήγανον.)Page in Frisk: 2,525-526Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πήγνυμι
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3 πήγνυμι
Aπηγνύουσι Hdt.4.72
(v.l.), Thphr.HP6.6.9, butπηγνῦσι Hdt.
l.c. codd. plur., Hp.Vict.2.60 ; opt. codd. ; inf.πηγνύειν X.Cyn.6.7
, Dsc.4.95: [tense] impf. ([etym.] περι-), Nonn.D.5.50 : late form of [tense] pres. [full] πήσσω (q. v.): [tense] fut.πήξω Il.22.283
; [dialect] Dor.πάξω Pi.O.6.3
: [tense] aor. ἔπηξα, [dialect] Ep.πῆξα Od.12.15
, etc. ; [dialect] Aeol. part.πάξαις Pi.O.10
(II).45 : [tense] pf. πέπηχα, only [tense] plpf.ἐμ-πεπήχεσαν D.C.40.40
:—[voice] Med. in trans. sense, : [tense] fut.πήξομαι Gal. 10.388
: [tense] aor. , Hdt.6.12, etc.:—[voice] Pass. πήγνῠμαι : [tense] fut. , Th.4.92 ; πήξομαι (as [voice] Pass.) Hp.Aër.8: [tense] aor. 1 ἐπήχθην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.πῆχθεν Il.8.298
, [dialect] Dor. subj.παχθῇ Theoc.23.31
, part. : more freq. [tense] aor. 2 ἐπάγην [pron. full] [ᾰ], [dialect] Ep. πάγην, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.πάγεν Il.11.572
; part. , E.IA 395 : [tense] pf. πέπηγμαι ([etym.] κατα-, συμ-) D.H.5.46, Arr.An.2.21.1: [tense] plpf.ἐπέπηκτο Jul. Or.3.123b
; but in the best authors, πέπηγα is used as the [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., Il.3.135, etc. ; [dialect] Aeol.πέπᾱγα Alc.34
; opt.πεπαγοίην Eup.435
: [tense] plpf.ἐπεπήγειν Il.13.442
, Th.3.23 :I stick or fix in, ἐν δὲ μετώπῳ πῆξε [τὴν αἰχμήν] Il.4.460, etc. ;ἔνθα οἱ ἔγχος ἔπηξε 13.570
;ἐν γαίῃ π. ἐρετμόν Od.23.276
(orγαίῃ 11.129
) ;π. ἐπὶ τύμβῳ ἐρετμόν 11.77
(orτύμβῳ 12.15
) ; [γύην] ἐν ἐλύματι π. Hes.Op. 430;ἔπαξε διὰ φρενῶν ξίφος Pi.N.7.26
; fix in the earth, plant, , cf. Aj. 821 ; σκηνήν, σκηνὰς π., pitch a tent, And.4.30, Pl.Lg. 817c (in [voice] Med., σκηνὰς πηξάμενοι pitching themselves tents, Hdt.6.12); σταύρωμα π. Th.6.66;τὰς σχαλίδας π. ὑπτίας X.Cyn.6.7
; plant seeds or cuttings, Thphr.HP6.6.9, 7.4.10 : intr. [tense] pf. and [voice] Pass., δόρυ δ' ἐν κραδίῃ ἐπεπήγει the spear stuck fast in his heart, Il.13.442 ;[δοῦρα] ἐν χροῒ πήγνυτο 15.315
;[ὀϊστοὶ] ἐν χροῒ πῆχθεν 8.298
;δοῦρα ἐν σάκεϊ πάγεν 11.572
;[ξίφος] πέπηγεν ἐν γῇ S.Aj. 819
;σκηνὴ ἔσκε πεπηγυῖα ἑτοίμη Hdt.7.119
; κυρβασίας ὀρθὰς πεπηγυίας ib.64, cf. 70 :—[voice] Med., ἐν ἀλλήλοις χείλεα πηξάμενοι, of kissing, AP5.254 (Paul. Sil.).2 stick or fix on,κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι Il.18.177
;σκόλοψι δέμας E.IT 1430
; :—[voice] Pass., ἀμφὶ βουπόροισι πηχθέντας μέλη ὀβελοῖσι having their limbs fixed on spits, Id.Cyc. 302 ; ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγέντες impaled, A.Eu. 190.3 fix upon an object, κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π. Il.3.217 : intr. [tense] pf., d, cf. Jul. l. c. ([voice] Pass.);πεπηγυῖα τὰς τῶν ὀμμάτων βολὰς ἐς τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπόρρητα Philostr.Jun.Im.11
: c. inf., ἡ σοφία ἀρέσκειν πέπηγε is bent upon pleasing, Pl.R. 605a : abs., τὸ πεπηγὸς ὄμμα immovable eye, fixed gaze, Hp.Prorrh.1.46, cf. Gal.16.610.II fasten [different parts] together, fit together, build,νῆας πῆξαι Il.2.664
; ἴκρια π. Od.5.163 :—[voice] Med., πήξασθαι ἄμαξαν build oneself a wagon, Hes. Op. 455 ;νέας πηξάμενοι Hdt.5.83
:—[voice] Pass., to be joined or put together,ψυχὴ καὶ σῶμα παγέν Pl.Phdr. 246c
.III make solid or stiff, esp. of liquids, freeze,θεὸς.. πήγνυσι πᾶν ῥέεθρον A.Pers. 496
; τοὺς ποταμοὺς ἔπηξε (sc. ὁ θεός) Ar.Ach. 139 ;βορρᾶς πηγνὺς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους X. An.4.5.3
; curdle,γάλα Dsc.4.95
:—[voice] Med., τυροὺς πήγνυσθαι to make oneself cheese (by curdling the milk), Luc.VH1.24:—[voice] Pass. and intr. [tense] pf., become solid, stiffen,γοῦνα πήγνυται Il.22.453
;ἄρθρα πέπηγέ μου E.HF 1395
(but also, become firm or set, of limbs, Ael.NA2.11 ;πεπηγυῖα ὑγιεινὴ κατάστασις Gal.Thras.7
) ; of liquids, freeze,ἡ θάλασσα πήγνυται Hdt.4.28
; ἅλες πήγνυνται salt crystallizes, ib.53, cf.6.119 ;φόνος πέπηγεν A.Ch.67
(lyr.);πεπάγαισιν ὐδάτων ῤόαι Alc.34
, cf. X.An.7.4.3 ; κρύσταλλος ἐπεπήγει οὐ βέβαιος was not frozen so as to bear, Th.3.23 ;ἁνίκα [χιὼν] παχθῇ Theoc.23.31
; ὄστρακον [ᾠοῦ] π. Arist.GA 752a35; γάλα π. Id.PA 676a14 ; ὀφθαλμῶν οἱ μὲν ὑγιεῖς, οἱ δὲ πεπηγότες blind, of buds, Thphr.CP5.12.10 : metaph., to be petrified, struck dumb, Antiph.166.7.IV metaph., fix,ὅρους τοῖς βαρβάροις Lycurg.73
, cf. Aristopho 9.7 : Astrol., fix, determine a nativity, Sch. Ptol.Tetr. 103 :—[voice] Med., ὄφρα ἐν φρασὶ πάξαιθ', ὅπως .. that he might keep it fixed in his heart, Pi.N.3.62 ; establish,χορούς Him.Or.16.6
:— [voice] Pass. and intr. [tense] pf., to be irrevocably fixed, established,εἷς ὅρος ἡμῖν παγήσεται Th.4.92
; πῆγμα (Aurat. for πῆμα)γενναίως παγέν A.Ag. 1198
;κακῶς παγέντας ὅρκους E.IA 395
;ὀρθὰς παγείσας φρένας Carc. 6.2
;μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῷ νομίζετ' ἐκείνῳ τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα D.4.8
;τὰ καλῶς πεπηγότα τῇ φύσει Id.25.90
. (Cf. Lat. pango.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πήγνυμι
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4 πήγνῦμι
πήγνῦμι (cf. pango, pax), fut. πήξεις, aor. ἔπηξα, πῆξε, perf. πέπηγε, plup. (ἐ) πεπήγει, pass. aor. ἐπάγην, πάγη, 3 pl. πάγεν, aor. 1 3 pl. πῆχθεν: fix, both in the sense make stiff or compact, and plant firmly; of fixing or sticking a spear ἔν τινι, an oar upon a mound ( ἐπὶ τύμβῳ), impaling a head ( ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι), Il. 4.460, Od. 11.77, Il. 18.177; hence build, νῆας, Il. 2.664; mid., for oneself, Od. 5.163; fig., ‘fix’ the eyes upon the ground, Il. 3.217; pass., and perf. act., stiffen, stick fast, stick in, Il. 22.453, Il. 13.442.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > πήγνῦμι
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5 πήγνυμι
+ V 8-9-4-8-12=41 Gn 26,25; 31,25; 35,16; Ex 15,8(bis)A: to pitch (a tent) [τι] Gn 26,25; to establish [τι] Is 42,5; to fix, to fasten [τι] JgsB 4,21; to fix with [τί τινι] JgsB 16,14; to be firm (of a heart) Jb 41,16P: to be fixed Ezr 6,11; to be congealed, to be frozen Ex 15,8; to be compacted Wis 7,2; to cleave to [ἐπί τι] Lam 4,8βέλος πεπηγὸς ἐν μηρῷ σαρκός an arrow that stuck in the fleshy thigh Sir 19,12 Cf. LE BOULLUEC 1989 173.331.368-369; WEVERS 1990 230.544.631(→ἐμπήγνυμι, καταπήγνυμι,,) -
6 συμ-πήγνῡμι
συμ-πήγνῡμι, u. - πηγνύω (s. πήγνυμι), zusammenfügen, verbinden, fest, dicht machen; γάλα συνέπηξεν, er machte die Milch gerinnen, Il. 5, 902; συνέπαξε λόγον, Pind. N. 5, 29; συμπήξας τάφον, Eur. Suppl. 962; μετὰ τοῠ ψύχους ξυμπηγνύασι, Plat. Tim. 85 d; u. pass., wie das intr. perf. II. act., fest werden, gerinnen, μυελὸν ξυμπεπηγότα 91 a, τὸ ἐπὶ γῆς ξυμπαγέν 59 e, u. öfter, u. Sp., wie Luc. D. D. 25, 3.
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7 κατα-πήγνῡμι
κατα-πήγνῡμι (s. πήγνυμι), – 1) fest einstecken, einheften; ἔγχος μὲν κατέπηξεν ἐπὶ χϑονί Il. 6, 213, er steckte die Lanze in der Erde fest, vgl. 7, 441. 9, 350; ἰὸς ἐν γαίῃ κατέπηκτο 11, 378, er blieb in der Erde stecken; τὸν ὀβελίσκον κατάπηξον πρὸ σαυτοῦ Ar. Av. 360; ἐν δὲ σκόλοπας κατέπηξαν Her. 9, 97; στήλη καταπεπηγυῖα, feststehende Säule, 7, 30; καταπαγεὶς σκόλοψ S. Emp. pyrrh. 1, 238. – 2) gerinnen, gefrieren lassen, u. im pass. wie im perf. II. act. gefrieren, gerinnen, Arist. H. A. 8, 19 Pol. 3, 55, 5.
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8 ἀνα-πήγνυμι
ἀνα-πήγνυμι (s. πήγνυμι), anheften, λαγῷα, anspießen, Ar. Eccl. 843; ἂν ἀναπήξαιμι ἐπὶ τοῦ ξύλου Alex. Ath. IV, 134 b; – Perf. intr., κεφαλὴ ὑπὲρ αἰχμῆς ἀναπεπηγυῖα, ein auf eine Lanze gesteckter Kopf, Plut. Crass. 26.
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9 ἐπιπήγνῡμι
ἐπι-πήγνῡμι, (1) auf der Oberfläche hart werden lassen, gerinnen od. gefrieren machen (vom Reif. Pass., auf der Oberfläche gefrieren. (2) darein befestigen, einsetzen -
10 πάγη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `snare, trap' (IA.)Compounds: As 1. member supposed in πάγ-ουρος m. `edible crab', but s.v.; as 2. member it seems to be found in ἐπίπαγος m. `hardened frozen crust' (Plu., medic.), backformation from ἐπι-πήγνυμι, - μαι.Derivatives: Dimin. παγίς, - ίδος f. `id.' (Ar. Fr. 666, hell.) with - ιδεύω, - ίδευμα (LXX). -- πάγος m. 1. `pinnacle, cliff, hill' (ep. Ion. since ε 405, 411); 2. (late also n. after ῥῖγος, κρύος) `ice, hoarfrost, frost', also of salt deposits and of cudled blood etc. (A., S., Pl., Arist.). -- From this (or from παγ-ῆναι, πήγνυμι) 1. παγ-ετός m. = πάγος 2. (Pi., IA.) with παγετ-ώδης `ice-like, icecold' (Hp., S., Arist.); 2. παγ-ερός `freezing, icecold' (D. Chr., Arist.: κρυερός); 3. παγώδης = παγετώδης (Thphr.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [787] *peh₂k\/g- `make fast, stiff'Etymology: Prop. "the fastening, sticking fast" (also of the firm) cliff as opposed to movable sea or the lose earth; diff. Porzig Satzinhalte 318 f.), "getting stiff, freezing"; acc. to Havers Sprache 4, 27 "who mak fast, stiff", in any case verbal nouns of πήγνυμι, s.v. Cf. πάξ, πάσσαλος, πάχνη.Page in Frisk: 2,459-460Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πάγη
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11 επιπηγνυμι
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12 παγίς
παγίς, ίδος, ἡ (πήγνυμι, cp. prec. entry; Aristoph. et al.; pap, LXX; En 103:8) prim. ‘trap, snare’.① a device used to catch animals, trap, snare (Aristoph., Aves 527, Ranae 115; Anth. Pal. 6, 109; Pr 6:5; 7:23; Eccl 9:12) ὡς π. like a trap, i.e. unexpectedly Lk 21:35. As a piece of equipment for a bird-catcher (Aesop, Fab. 323 P.=152 Babr; cp. 13 L-P.) Mt 10:29 read for ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν by Orig. et al. (Tdf. app.).② that which causes one to be suddenly endangered or unexpectedly brought under control of a hostile force, trap, snare, fig. ext. of 1 (Aristoph. et al.; LXX): γενηθήτω ἡ τράπεζα αὐτῶν εἰς παγίδα let their table become a snare (to them) Ro 11:9 (Ps 68:23). παγὶς θανάτου a deadly snare (Tob 14:10a; Ps 17:6): of being double-tongued D 2:4; B 19:7 Funk; of the mouth gener. B 19:8 (cp. Pr 11:9; 18:7). ἐμπίπτειν εἰς παγίδα fall into the snare (Tob 14:10b; Pr 12:13; Sir 9:3): abs. εἰς πειρασμὸν καὶ παγίδα καὶ ἐπιθυμίας 1 Ti 6:9. τοῦ διαβόλου 3:7. ἀνανήφω ἐκ τῆς διαβόλου παγίδος 2 Ti 2:26; s. ἀνανήφω.—IScheftelowitz, Das Schlingen u. Netzmotiv 1912.—DELG s.v. πήγνυμι. M-M. TW. -
13 σκήπτομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to support oneself, to lean, to pretend something, to use as a pretention', σκήπτω, fut. σκήψω, aor. σκῆψαι, pass. σκηφθῆναι, perf. ἐπ-έσκηφα, pass. ἐπ-έσκημμαι `to throw down, to sling', intr. `to throw oneself down, to fall down', often w. prefix (almost only act.), κατα-, ἐπι-, ἀπο-, ἐν- (IA.); ἐπι-σκήπτω also `to impose, to command', midd. (Att. juridical language) `to object, to prosecute, to raise a complaint'.Derivatives: σκῆψις f. `excuse, pretention, pretext' (IA.), ἐπίσκηψις f. `objection, complaint' (Att.); ἀπόσκημμα ἀπέρεισμα H. (A. Fr. 18 = 265 M.), ἐπίσκημμα = ἐπίσκηψις ( Lex. Rhet. Cant.). Further several expressions for `stick etc.': 1. σκᾶπος κλάδος, καὶ ἄνεμος ποιός H. (on the last-mentioned des. s. σκηπτός). 2. σκηπ-άνη f. (AB) with - άνιον n. `stick, scepter' (Ν 59, Σ 247, Call. Fr. anon. 48, AP), σκαπάνιον βακτηρία, ἄλλοι σκίπωνα H. 3. σκᾶπτον n. (Dor.) `id.' (Pi.), IA. σκῆπτον in σκηπτ-οῦχος `stick-, scepter-bearer' = `ruler' (Hom. a. o.), with the Persians a. other Asiat. peoples who has a high office at the court (Semon., X a. o.) with - ία f. (A. a. o.). 4. σκῆπτρον n. `id.' (ep. poet. Il.; like βάκτρον a. o., Schwyzer 532 w. lit., Chantraine Form. 331); on the meaning etc. see Combellack ClassJourn. 43, 209ff., Gatti Acme 2: 3, 23 ff. On itself, with deviant meaning 5. σκηπτός m. `thunderbolt, lightning, suddenly breaking storm' (trag., X., D., Arist. a. o.); cf. φρυκτός, στρεπ-τός; s. also below.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably] Eur. substr.Etymology: With σκήπτω: σκῆψαι: σκᾶπος cf. e.g. κόπτω: κόψαι: κόπος, τύπτω: τύψαι: τύπος. The yot-present σκήπτω is formally easily understandable as deriv. of a noun σκᾶπος (*σκά̄ψ?) `stick'; so prop. *'handle with the stick, supporting, driving or swinging' (Walde LEW2 s. scāpus, Persson Beitr. 2, 941, WP. 2, 561)?; semant. possible, though not immediately clear. Then not only σκᾶπος, but also σκηπάνη, - άνιον, σκᾶπτον and σκῆπτρον would have to be registered with the s. σκάπτω discussed manyfold expressions for `plane, hew, dig etc.'; only for σκηπτός (as for σκῆψις, σκῆμμα) one would have to start, because of the meaning, from the denominative σκήπτω (even from the presentstem?). In the sense of ' ἄνεμος ποιός' (H.) σκᾶπος would have been influnced by σκηπτός. A primary σκήπτω with the meaning `support' (from where then σκᾶπος as *'support' etc.) would be without non-Greek support. The Greek system with permanent full grade is in any case an innovation; the for σκᾶπτον, σκῆπτ(ρ)ον epected zero grade may be found in the Germ. word for `shaft, spear, lance', OHG skaft m., OWNo. skapt n. a. o.; cf. anal. πηκτός beside old Ion. πᾰκτόω (s. πήγνυμι). -- With σκᾶπος can be equated Lat. scāpus `shaft, stalk' and Alb. shkop `stick, sceptre'. Other longvowel forms, for Greek uninteresting, are: with ō Lat. scōpa `thin twig', scōpiō `the stalk, from which hang the berries of the wine-grapes'; with ē CS. štapъ `stick'; unclear Latv. šk̨èps `spear, javelin' (cf. Vasmer s. štap; diff. W. Hofmann s. scāpus). Further rich material with partly hypothetical or doubtful combinations and extensive lit. in WP. 2, 561 f., Pok. 932; on Greek esp. Solmsen Wortforsch. 206 ff. -- Not here σκίπων and σκίμπτομαι. -- The word could be IE (* sk(e)h₂p-, but I think also of a loan from a Eur. substrate; cf. the discussion on σκάπτω.Page in Frisk: 2,728-729Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σκήπτομαι
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14 πάγος
πάγος, ὁ (πήγνυμι), 1) feste Bergspitze, Felsenspitze; ἀκταὶ προβλῆτες ἔσαν, σπιλάδες τε πάγοι τε, Od. 5, 405. 411; übh. Berg, Hes. Sc. 439; Pind. Ol. 11, 51 I. 2, 33; oft bei den Tragg. πάγος Ἄρειος, der Areshügel in Athen, wo der Areopag seine Sitzungen hielt, Aesch. Eum. 655. 660, wie Ἄρεος πάγος, Soph. O. C. 951; auch ἐν Ἀρείοις πάγοις, Eur. I. T. 1470; Her. 8, 52 u. sonst; τῆς ἐξ Ἁρείου πάγου βουλῆς, Plat. Ax. 367 a u. Sp. – 2) was fest geworden, gefroren ist, Eis, Reif, auch Eiskälte, Frost; τῶν ὑπαιϑρίων πάγων δρόσων τ' ἀπαλλαγέντες, Aesch. Ag. 326; πάγου χυϑέντος, Soph. Phil. 293; δυςαύλων πάγων αἴϑρια, Ant. 355; καί ποτε ὄντος πάγου οἵου δεινοτάτου, Plat. Conv. 220 b; Arist. de mundo 4 (auch wie von τὸ πάγος im dat. pl. πάγεσι, probl. 12 b); πάγων ὑπερβολαί, übergroße Kälte, Pol. 9, 15, 3; – Schol. Nic. Ar. 91 erkl. γραῦς ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ γάλακτος γιγνόμενος πάγος, die Haut auf der Milch. – Das aus Verdampfung des Meerwassers gewonnene Salz, das fest wird, u. davon p., wie ἅλς, das Meer selbst, Lycophr. 134. – Auch das Darmfell, peritonaeum, Medic.
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15 τήκω
τήκω, fut. τήξω, trans., machen, daß Etwas zerfließt, schmelzen, bes. Metalle, Her. 3, 96; χιόνα, Aesch. frg. 299; τήκει καὶ λείβει, Plat. Rep. III, 411 b; καὶ διόλλυσι, X, 609 c, wie Tim. 83 a; Ggstz von πήγνυμι, Plut. Symp. 6 a. E. – Uebrtr., ϑυμόν, das Herz in Trauer verzehren, Od. 19, 264; τίν' ἀεὶ τάκεις ὧδ' ἀκόρεστον οἰμωγὰν – Ἀγαμέμνονα, Soph. El. 122; τήξουσιν ἔρωτες κραδίην, Agath. 2 (V, 278). – Pass. τήκομαι, aor. ἐτάκην, seltener ἐτήχϑην, wie Plat. Tim. 61 b, fut. τακήσομαι, intr., zerschmelzen, fließend werden, zerfließen; Hes. Th. 862. 866; κηκὶς μηρίων ἐτήκετο, Soph. Ant. 995; verwesen, εἰ ποσις μοι κατϑανὼν ἐτήκετο, 897; u. übertr., sich verzehren, vergehen, bes. von Krankheit, Gram oder Sehnsucht; bei Hom. in Vrbdg mit Weinen, so daß man an die eigentliche Bdtg erinnert wird, in Thränen zerfließen u. sich abhärmen: Ὀδυσσεὺς τήκετο, δάκρυ δ' ἔδευεν παρειάς, Od. 8, 522, wie 19, 204 ff. τήκετο χρώς, τήκετο καλὰ παρήϊα δακρυχεούσης mit dem Schmelzen des Schnees verglichen wird; Sp., ὄμμα τέτηκται, Agath. 13 (V, 273); vgl. Theocr. 1, 66. 82. 2, 18. 28; τηκόμενος νούσῳ, Her. 3, 99; u. übertr., δόξαι τακόμεναι κατὰ γᾶν μινύϑουσιν ἄτιμοι, Aesch. Eum. 352; Plat. u. Folgde; τὰ μήτε σηπόμενα, μήτε τηκόμενα, Xen. Mem. 3, 1, 7. – Das perf. τέτηκα hat dieselbe intr. Bedeutung, geschmolzen sein; κρέα τετηκότα, Eur. Cycl. 246; auch πῦρ τετακός, Suppl. 1146, erloschen; übertr., κλαίουσα τέτηκα, Il. 3, 126; κλαίω, τέτηκα, Soph. El. 275; Sp., τετηκὸς ἀργύριον, Pol. 11, 24, 11; übertr., τετηκυῖα ἐπὶ σοί, Luc. Meretr. Dial. 12.
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16 πάσσαλος
πάσσᾰλος, [dialect] Att. [pref] πάττ-, ὁ, [dialect] Ep. gen. πασσαλόφι (v. infr.), ([etym.] πήγνυμι)A peg on which to hang clothes, arms, etc.,ἀπὸ πασσαλόφι ζυγὸν ᾕρεον Il. 24.268
, cf. 5.209 ;ἀπὸ πασσάλου αἴνυτο τόξον Od. 21.53
;ἀπὸ φόρμιγγα πασσάλου λάμβαν' Pi.O.1.17
, cf. B.Scol.Oxy.1361.1.1 ;ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν φόρμιγγα Od.8.67
;χαλινοὺς.. ἐκ πασσάλων δέουσι Hdt.4.72
, v. ἐκ 1.6 ;[χιτῶνα] πασσάλῳ ἀγκρεμάσασα Od.1.440
;κύλιξ.. κρέμαται περὶ πασσαλόφιν Hermipp.55
;ἐπὶ τῶν παττάλων Arist.PA 681a25
; ; peg for making a hole in a vine-stem, Thphr.HP2.5.5, CP3.12.1 ; used to force open the mouth or as a gag, Ar.Eq. 376, Th. 222 ; of stakes used to mark boundaries, IG14.352i38 ([place name] Halaesa) ; pale, Apollod. Poliorc. 140.7, al.:—prov. of things very small or worthless, ἔχουσι μηδὲ πάτταλον not a pin (i. e. no part of their fee), Ar.Ec. 284 ;μηδὲ π. καταλιπεῖν Luc.Jud.Voc.9
;παττάλου γυμνότερος Aristaenet.2.18
; alsoπάσσαλος πασσάλῳ ἐκκρούεται Eust. 126.13
, cf. Com.Adesp.494 ; εἶναι ἐν πασσάλοις, i.e. to be hung up, not in use, Lib.Or.1.268.II from the like ness of form,2 = ἵππος ὀρθόκωλος, Hippiatr.115.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πάσσαλος
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17 πάχνη
A hoar-frost, rime (defined as frozen rain, Posidon. ap. D.L.7.153), Od.14.476 ;π. ἑῴα A.Pr.25
;τὸ ἐπὶ γῆς συμπαγὲν ἐκ δρόσου γενόμενον π. λέγεται Pl.Ti. 59e
; opp. κρύσταλλος, Theognet.1.3 : pl.,πάχναι καὶ χάλαζαι Pl.Smp. 188b
;ἀπέκαυσεν ἡ π. τὰς ἀμπέλους Philippid.25.4
.2 metaph., γήρως εὐρῶτα καὶ πάχνην the mould and frost of age, descriptive of an old man's grey hair, Com.Adesp.650a, cf. 381 ; π. κουροβόρος clotted blood of the eaten children, A.Ag. 1512 (lyr.). -
18 ἅπαξ
A once, once only, once for all, first in Od.,ὅτε τ' ἄλλοι ἅ. θνῄσκουσ' ἄνθρωποι 12.22
; ἅ... ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὀλέσσαι ib. 350;ἀπαλλάχθηθ' ἅ. E.Cyc. 600
; οὐχ ἅ. μόνον more than once, A.Pr. 211;ἅ... κοὐχὶ δίς S.OC 1208
;πολλάκις καὶ οὐχὶ ἅ. Hdt.7.46
;πολλάκις τε κοὐχ ἅ. S.OT 1275
;μὴ ἅ. ἀλλὰ πολλάκις Antipho 1.3
, cf. Pl.Lg. 711a;μὴ δίς, ἀλλ' ἅ. μόνον Arist.Pol. 1299a10
; of the self-creation ofΝοῦς, τὴν ποίησιν αὑτοῦ.. ἅ. εἶναι Plot.6.8.21
; ἅ. ἔτι yet this once, A.Ag. 1322; τὸ ἅ. τοῦτο at this moment, LXX2 Ki.17.7; ἅ. δυοῖν ποδοῖν, i.e. two square feet ( 1 x 2), opp. δυοῖν δίς ( 2 x 2), four, Pl.Men. 82c.2 c. gen., ἅ. τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ, ἔτεος ἑκάστου ἅ., Hdt.2.59, 4.105; alsoἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ ἅ. Id.2.132
.II without any notion of number, after conditional and temporal Particles, if once, when once, εἴπερ ἐσπείσω γ' ἅ. if once you have made a treaty, Ar.Ach. 307. cf. 923;ἢν ἅ. ἁλῷ Id.V. 898
, cf. Av. 342;ἂν ἅ. τις ἀποθάνῃ Amphis 8
;ἐπειδήπερ γ' ἅ. ἐμοὶ σεαυτὸν παραδέδωκας Ar.V. 1129
;ἐπεὶ ἅ. ἐταράχθησαν Th.7.44
;ὡς ἅ. ἤρξατο X.HG5.4.58
;ἐπεὶ ἅ. αὐτοῖς φίλος ἐγένετο Id.An.1.9.10
, cf. 3.2.25, Isoc.12.242;ὡς ἅ. ἐγκλήματα ἐταράχθη D.18.151
: so with part.,ἐπὶ γᾶν ἅ. πεσὸν... αἷμα A.Ag. 1019
(lyr.);ἅ. θανόντος οὔτις ἔστ' ἀνάστασις Id.Eu. 648
;ἅ. ἐλθόντες Pl.Prm. 165e
, cf. Ep.Hebr.6.4, etc. (ἁ- = sṃ (cf. εἷς) ; -παξ akin to πήγνυμι.) -
19 καταπήγνῡμι
κατα-πήγνῡμι, (1) fest einstecken, einheften; ἔγχος μὲν κατέπηξεν ἐπὶ χϑονί, er steckte die Lanze in der Erde fest; ἰὸς ἐν γαίῃ κατέπηκτο, er blieb in der Erde stecken; στήλη καταπεπηγυῖα, feststehende Säule. (2) gerinnen, gefrieren lassen; act. gefrieren, gerinnen -
20 στείβω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to tread (on something), to densify by treading, to trod, to trample' (ep. poet. since Λ 534 a. Υ 499).Other forms: only presentst. except aor. κατ-έστειψας (S. OC 467; not quite certain), vbaladj. στιπτός (v. l. - ει-) `trodden solid, solid, hard'(S., Ar.), ἄ- στείβω `untrodden' (S.; also OGI 606?).Derivatives: στοιβή f. `stuffing, cushion, bulge etc.'; often as plantname `Poterium spinosum', of which the leaves were used to fill up (Hp., Ar., Arist., Epid. [IVa] etc.), with στοιβ-ίον `id.' (Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 10), - άς = στιβάς, - ηδόν `crammed in' (Arist.-comm.), - άζω, rarely w. δια- a.o., `to fill, to stuff' (Hdt., LXX a.o.), from which - αστός, - αστής, - ασις, - άσιμος, - ασία (hell. a. late). -- Besides zero grade nouns: A. στίβος m. `(trodden) road, path, footstep, trail' (ep. Ion. poet. since h. Merc.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 318), `fuller's workshop' (pap. IIIa). From this 1. στιβάς, - άδος f. `bed of straw, reed or leaves, mattress, bed, grave' (IA.) with - άδιον n. `id'. (hell. a. late), - αδεύω `to use like straw' (Dsc.). 2. στιβεύς m. `hound' (Opp.), `fuller' (pap.), = ὁδευτής (H.), - εύω `to track' (D. S., Plu., H.), = πορεύεσθαι (H.) with - εία f. `the tracking etc.' (D. S. a.o.), - εῖον n. `fuller's workshop' (pap.), - ευτής m. `hound' (Sostrat. ap. Stob.); also - ίη = - εία (Opp.; metr. cond.). 3. στιβική f. `fuller's tax' (pap. IIIa). 4. στιβάζω `to enter, to track etc.' with - ασις f. (late). 5. ἐστίβηται `has been tracked' perf. pass. (S. Aj. 874; στιβέω or - άω?). 6. ἄ-στιβ-ος `unentered' (AP), usu. - ής `id.' (A., S., also X. a.o.; joined to the εσ-stems and connected with the verb), - ητος `id.' (Lyc. a.o.; cf. ἐστίβηται). 7. Στίβων name of a dog (X. Cyn.). -- B. στιβαρός `solid, compact, massive, strong' (ep. poet. Il., also hell. a. late prose); like βριαρός a.o.; Chantraine Form. 227, also Benveniste Origines 19; cf. also Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 49, - αρηδόν adv. `compact' (opposite σποράδην; late). -- C. With long vowel στί̄βη f. `ripe' (Od., Call.), - ήεις (Call.); on the meaning cf. πάγος, πάχνη to πήγνυμι.Etymology: From the Greek material the essential meaning appears to be the idea `tread (with the feet), make solid, fill up, press together' ( στοιβή, στιβάς, στι-βαρός), from where `tread' with `path, trace, track' ( στείβω, στίβος, στιβεύω). -- Exact agreements outside Greek for στείβω and related στίβος, στιβαρός are missing. Nearest comes Arm. stēp, gen. -oy `frequent, incessant, permanent' (adj. and adv.; on the meaning cf. πυκνός) with stip-em `press, urge', -aw, -ov `quick, diligent(ly)' from IE * stoibo- or * steibo-; so an exampel of the very rare IE b? Beside it with p the Lat. secondary formation stīpāre `press to gether, press, heap, fill up'; here also the Corinth. PN Στίπων (IG 4, 319)? -- To this can be connected in diff. languages on the one hand expressions for `fixed, stiff etc.': Germ., e.g. OE, MHG stīf `stiff, straight', Balt., e.g. Lith. stimpù, stìpti `become stiff or frozen', stiprùs `strong, steady'; on the other hand words for `bar, stalk, post etc.' in Lat. stīpes `pole, stem, bar', stipula `straw' and, with b (IE b as in στείβω), Lith., e.g. stíebas `mast(tree), pillar, stalk etc.', Slav., e.g. Russ. stébelь `stalk' etc. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP 2, 646ff., Pok. 1015f., W.-Hofmann s. stīpō, stips, stipula, Fraenkel and Vasmer s. vv. (Not hereVgl. στῖφος, στιφρός.)Page in Frisk: 2,781-782Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στείβω
См. также в других словарях:
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