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21 cerrar
v.1 to close (object) (en general).María cerró la puerta Mary closed the door.2 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations3 to close.4 to close the door (person).¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!5 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?6 to turn off (grifo, llave de gas).Ricardo cerró el agua Richard turned off the water.7 to fill, to block (up) (agujero, hueco).8 to block (carretera, calle).la policía cerró la calle the police closed off the streetcerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way9 to close.la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession10 to fence (off), to enclose.11 to heal, to close up.12 to close down, to close, to lock up, to shut.Ellos cierran de noche They close at night.13 to block off, to blank off.Los huelguistas bloquearon el edificio The strikers blanked off the building14 to balance out, to match correctly, to check out correctly, to close.Mi contador cierra mis cuentas My accountant balances out my accounts.* * *1 to close, shut2 (grifo, gas) to turn off; (luz) to turn off, switch off3 (cuenta) to close4 (cremallera) to zip (up)5 (un negocio) to close; (- definitivamente) to close down6 (carta) to seal7 (discusión) to end, finish8 (compra) to close, conclude10 (paraguas) to close, shut, put down11 (los puños) to clench, close12 (frontera, puerto) to close; (camino) to block13 (en dominó) to block1 to close, shut2 (punto) to cast off3 (una herida) to close up, heal1 to close, shut2 (una herida) to close up, heal4 METEREOLOGÍA to cloud over5 figurado (obstinarse) to dig one's heel in, stand fast; (ponerse en actitud intransigente) to close one's mind (a, to)\cerrar con cerrojo to boltcerrar con llave to lockcerrar con siete llaves figurado to lock and double-lockcerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way, bar somebody's waycerrar el pico familiar to shut one's trapcerrar la boca to shut upcerrar la puerta en las narices figurado to shut the door in somebody's facecerrar las filas figurado to close rankscerrarse de golpe to slam shut* * *verb1) to close, shut2) lock3) turn off4) seal•- cerrarse* * *1. VT1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [+ puerta, ventana, boca] to close, shut; [+ cremallera] to do up; [+ camisa] to button, do up; [+ cortina] to draw; [+ paraguas, válvula] to close; [+ carta] to seal; [+ costura, herida] to sew upno puedo cerrar esta maleta — I can't close o shut this suitcase
cierra los ojos — close o shut your eyes
cerró el libro de golpe — she banged o slammed the book shut
fila 3), b)•
cierra el pico — * shut your trap **2) (=desconectar) [+ gas, grifo, radiador] to turn off3) (=bloquear) [+ agujero, brecha, tubo] to block (up); [+ frontera, puerto] to close•
cerrar el paso a algn — to block sb's waytrató de entrar, pero le cerraron el paso — he tried to get in, but they blocked o barred his way
4) [+ tienda, negocio] [al final de la jornada] to close, shut; [para siempre] to close, close down5) [+ jardín, terreno] [con cerca] to fence in; [con muro] to wall in6) (=poner fin a)a) [+ debate, narración, programa] to close, endcerrar el sistema — (Inform) to shut down the system
b) [+ desfile] to bring up the rear ofcierra la cabalgata la carroza de Santa Claus — the last float in the procession is the one with Santa Claus
7)• cerrar un trato — to seal a deal
2. VI1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [puerta, ventana] to close, shut; [bragueta] to do up; [paraguas, válvula] to close; [herida] to close upla puerta cierra mal — the door won't close o shut properly
2) [persona]cierra, que se va a escapar el gato — close o shut the door or the cat will get out
3) [tienda, negocio] to close, shut¿a qué hora cierran las tiendas el sábado? — what time do the shops close o shut on Saturday?
4) (Econ) [en la Bolsa] to close5) [en dominó] to block; [en Scrabble] to use one's tiles up¡cierro! — I'm out!
6) (=atacar)cerrar con o contra algn — to grapple with sb
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, closed) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off3)a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalizehan cerrado el plazo de inscripción — enrollment has closed o finished
5)a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to endb) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear ofc) < circuito> to closed) <paréntesis/comillas> to close2.cerrar vi1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold
¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?
2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)la ventana no cierra bien — the window doesn't close o shut properly
3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close3.cerrarse v pron1)a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, closela puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut
b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to closec) flor/almeja to close upd) herida to heal (up)2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)se cerró en su actitud — he dug his heels in
cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change
* * *= close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.Ex. The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.Ex. In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.Ex. In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.Ex. Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex. Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.Ex. The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.Ex. By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.Ex. Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.----* cerrar con candado = padlock.* cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.* cerrar con llave = lock.* cerrar con tablas = board up.* cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.* cerrar de golpe = slam.* cerrar de un portazo = slam.* cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.* cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.* cerrar filas = close + ranks.* cerrar herméticamente = seal.* cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.* cerrar los postigos = shutter.* cerrar muy bien = close + tight.* cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.* cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.* cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.* cerrar un trato = close + deal.* ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.* ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.* ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.* en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.* en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.* en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.* forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.* obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.* paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.* que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.* que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.* que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.* sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, closed) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off3)a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalizehan cerrado el plazo de inscripción — enrollment has closed o finished
5)a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to endb) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear ofc) < circuito> to closed) <paréntesis/comillas> to close2.cerrar vi1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold
¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?
2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)la ventana no cierra bien — the window doesn't close o shut properly
3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close3.cerrarse v pron1)a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, closela puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut
b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to closec) flor/almeja to close upd) herida to heal (up)2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)se cerró en su actitud — he dug his heels in
cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change
* * *= close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.Ex: The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.
Ex: In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.Ex: In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.Ex: Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex: Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.Ex: The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.Ex: By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.Ex: Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.* cerrar con candado = padlock.* cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.* cerrar con llave = lock.* cerrar con tablas = board up.* cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.* cerrar de golpe = slam.* cerrar de un portazo = slam.* cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.* cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.* cerrar filas = close + ranks.* cerrar herméticamente = seal.* cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.* cerrar los postigos = shutter.* cerrar muy bien = close + tight.* cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.* cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.* cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.* cerrar un trato = close + deal.* ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.* ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.* ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.* en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.* en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.* en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.* forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.* obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.* paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.* que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.* que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.* que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.* sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.* * *cerrar [A5 ]vtA1 ‹armario/puerta/ventana› to close, shutcerró la puerta de un portazo she slammed the doorcierra la puerta con llave lock the door2 ‹ojos/boca› to shut, close3 ‹maleta› to close; ‹sobre/paquete› to seal4 ‹botella› to put the top on/cork in; ‹frasco› to put the top ( o lid etc) onun frasco herméticamente cerrado an airtight container5 ‹paraguas› to close, put … down; ‹abanico› to close; ‹libro› to close, shut; ‹puño› to clench; ‹mano› to close6 ‹cortinas› to close, draw; ‹persianas› to lower, pull down; ‹abrigo› to fasten, button up, do up ( BrE)ciérrame la cremallera can you zip me up?, can you do my zip up? ( BrE)B ‹grifo› to turn off; ‹válvula› to close, shut off; ‹agua/gas› to turn offC1 ‹fábrica/comercio/oficina› (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close; (definitivamente) to close, close down2 ‹aeropuerto/carretera› to close; ‹frontera› to closela calle está cerrada al tráfico the street is closed to traffic3 ‹terreno› to fence offD1 (en labores de punto) to cast off; (en costura) to sew up2 ( fam) (al operar) to close … upE1 ‹plazo/matrícula›han cerrado el plazo de inscripción the enrollment period has closed o finished2 ‹cuenta bancaria› to close3 ‹caso/juicio› to close; ‹acuerdo/negociación› to finalizeF1 (poner fin a) ‹acto/debate› to bring … to an end; ‹jornada› to endantes de cerrar nuestra programación de hoy … before ending today's programs …, before bringing today's programs to a close …los trágicos acontecimientos que han cerrado el año the tragic events with which the year has endedestas declaraciones cerraron una jornada tensa these statements ended o came at the end of a tense day2 ‹desfile/cortejo› to bring up the rear of3 ‹circunferencia› to close up; ‹circuito› to close4 ‹paréntesis/comillas› to close■ cerrarviA(hablando de una puerta, ventana): cierra, que hace frío close o shut the door ( o window etc), it's cold¿cerraste con llave? did you lock the door?, did you lock up?B «puerta/ventana/cajón» to close, shut; «grifo/llave de paso» to turn off; «abrigo/vestido» to fasten, do up ( BrE)la puerta no cierra bien the door won't shut o close properly, the door doesn't shut o close properlyesta botella no cierra bien I can't get the top back on this bottle properly, the top won't go on properly¿la falda cierra por detrás o por el lado? does the skirt fasten at the back or at the side?C «comercio/oficina» (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; (definitivamente) to close, close down, shut down¿a qué hora cierran? what time do you close?no cerramos al mediodía we are open o we stay open at lunchtime, we don't close for lunch[ S ] cerramos los lunes closed Mondays, we are closed on MondaysD (en labores de punto) to cast offE ( Fin) to closeel dólar cerró a … the dollar closed at …F (en dominó) to block; (en naipes) to go out■ cerrarseA1«puerta/ventana» (+ compl): la puerta se cerró de golpe/sola the door slammed shut/closed by itself2 «ojos» (+ me/te/le etc) to closese me cierran los ojos de cansancio I'm so tired I can't keep my eyes open3 «flor/almeja» to close up4 «herida» to heal, heal up, close upC (terminar) «acto/debate» to end, conclude; «jornada» to endel libro se cierra con unas páginas dedicadas a … the book ends o closes o concludes with a few pages on the subject of …otro año que se cierra sin que se resuelva another year ends o comes to an end without a solutionD(mostrarse reacio, intransigente): se cerró y no quiso saber nada más she closed her mind and refused to listen to any more about itse cerró en su actitud he dug his heels incerrarse A algo:sería cerrarse a la evidencia negar que … we would be turning our back on the evidence if we were to deny that …se cerró a todo lo nuevo she refused to consider anything new, she closed her mind to anything new* * *
cerrar ( conjugate cerrar) verbo transitivo
1
‹ojos/boca› to shut, close;
‹ frasco› to put the lid on;
‹ sobre› to seal
‹ libro› to close, shut;
‹ puño› to clench
‹ persianas› to lower, pull down;
‹ abrigo› to fasten, button up;
‹ cremallera› to do … up
‹ válvula› to close, shut off
2
( definitivamente) to close (down)
3
d) ‹acto/debate› to bring … to an end
verbo intransitivo
1 (hablando de puerta, ventana):
¿cerraste con llave? did you lock up?
2 [puerta/ventana/cajón] to close, shut
3 [comercio/oficina] ( en el quehacer diario) to close, shut;
( definitivamente) to close (down)
cerrarse verbo pronominal
1
2 ( refl) ‹ abrigo› to fasten, button up;
‹ cremallera› to do … up
3 [acto/debate/jornada] to end
cerrar
I verbo transitivo
1 to shut, close
(con llave) to lock
(un grifo abierto) to turn off
(el ordenador) to turn off, switch off
(subir una cremallera) to do up
(un sobre) to seal
(los puños) to clench
2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
(definitivamente) to close down
3 (un trato, un acuerdo) to finalize
(liquidar una cuenta bancaria) to close
4 (un acceso, un servicio de transporte) to close
(bloquear) cerrarle el paso a alguien, to block sb's way
II verbo intransitivo
1 to close, shut
2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
(definitivamente) to close down
♦ Locuciones: familiar cerrar el pico, to shut one's trap
' cerrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abrir
- abrochar
- cerrada
- cerrado
- cierre
- ojo
- pico
- sellar
- amabilidad
- bondad
- canilla
- cierra
- cierro
- correr
- cuenta
- doble
- grifo
- junta
- juntar
- llave
- paréntesis
- trato
English:
attendant
- bargain
- barricade
- block in
- bolt
- clinch
- close
- close down
- closed
- draw
- enter into
- fasten
- fasten down
- lock
- lock up
- padlock
- push to
- seal
- seal off
- seal up
- secure
- shut
- shut down
- shut up
- slam
- snap
- stick together
- strike
- tight
- to
- trice
- turn off
- twinkling
- wall in
- whisk away
- whisk off
- wind up
- zip up
- board
- business
- cast
- conclude
- fold
- main
- time
- turn
- will
- wind
- wrap
- zip
* * *♦ vt1. [en general] to close;[puerta, cajón, boca, tienda] to shut, to close; Informát [archivo] to close; [con llave] to lock; [grifo, llave de gas] to turn off; [botella] to put the top on; [tarro] to put the lid o top on; [carta, sobre] to seal; [cortinas] to draw, to close; [persianas] to pull down; [agujero, hueco] to fill, to block (up); [puños] to clench;cerrar una puerta con llave to lock a door;cierra el gas cuando salgas turn the gas off when you leave;una corriente de aire cerró la puerta a draught blew the door shut;Fam¡cierra el pico! shut your trap!2. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;[permanentemente] to close down;el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations3. [vallar] to fence (off), to enclose;cerraron el balcón para convertirlo en comedor they closed o walled off the balcony and converted it into a dining room4. [carretera, calle] to close off;también Figcerrar el paso a alguien to block sb's way;una valla les cerraba la salida a fence blocked their way out5. [manifestación, desfile] to bring up the rear of;cerrar la marcha [ir en última posición] to bring up the rear;la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession6. [gestiones, acuerdo] to finalize;han cerrado un trato para… they've reached an agreement o made a deal to…;cerraron el trato ayer they wrapped up the deal yesterday;cerraron las conversaciones sin ningún acuerdo they ended the talks without reaching an agreement7. [cicatrizar] to heal, to close up9. [circunferencia, círculo] to complete;10. [signo ortográfico] to close;cerrar comillas/paréntesis to close inverted commas/brackets11. [posibilidades] to put an end to;el último atentado cierra cualquier esperanza de acuerdo the most recent attack puts an end to any hopes of an agreement12. [terminar] to close;el discurso del Presidente cerró el año legislativo the President's speech brought the parliamentary year to a close;esta corrida cierra la temporada taurina this bullfight rounds off the bullfighting season;cerró su participación en el torneo con una derrota they lost their last game in the tournament13. [plegar] to close up;cerró el paraguas he closed his umbrella14. Prensael periódico cerró la edición más tarde de lo normal the newspaper went to press later than usual♦ vi1. [en general] to close;[tienda] to close, to shut; [con llave, pestillo] to lock up;este cajón no cierra bien this drawer doesn't shut properly;la Bolsa cerró con pérdidas the stock market closed down several points;RP Fam¡cerrá y vamos!: si no quieren ayudarnos, ¡cerrá y vamos! if they don't want to help us, let's not waste any more time over this2. [persona] to close the door;¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!;me olvidé de cerrar con llave I forgot to lock the door3. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;[definitivamente] to close down;¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?;la biblioteca cierra a las ocho the library closes at eight;cerramos los domingos [en letrero] closed on Sundays4. [en juego de cartas] to go out;[en dominó] to block5. [herida] to close up, to heal* * *I v/tcerrar con llave lock;cerrar de golpe slam;cerrar al tráfico close to traffic2 tubería block3 grifo turn off5 acuerdo closela puerta no cierra bien the door doesn’t shut properly;al cerrar el día at the end of the day* * *cerrar {55} vt1) : to close, to shut2) : to turn off3) : to bring to an endcerrar vi1) : to close up, to lock up2) : to close down* * *cerrar vb1. (en general) to close / to shut¿a qué hora cerráis? what time do you close?2. (con llave) to lock¿has cerrado la puerta con llave? have you locked the door?3. (gas, grifo) to turn off -
22 departamento de encuadernación
(n.) = binding departmentEx. If the index for a periodical is received at the end of January, the binding trigger might contain a '1' in the third position so that the binding department will be reminded in March that the title should be checked.* * *(n.) = binding departmentEx: If the index for a periodical is received at the end of January, the binding trigger might contain a '1' in the third position so that the binding department will be reminded in March that the title should be checked.
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23 predeterminado
adj.predetermined, pre-defined, predefined, predeterminate.past part.past participle of spanish verb: predeterminar.* * *ADJ predetermined* * *= built-in, predetermined [pre-determined], pre-established [preestablished], pre-agreed, predesignated, foregone, predefined [pre-defined].Ex. To use the 'default' or built-in command settings, simply press RETURN.Ex. In machine-readable data files, a format is a predetermined order or arrangement of data in a record.Ex. EDI refers to the exchange of electronic data in a pre-established standardized format between a sender and receiver using telecommunications links.Ex. You will receive all your serials promptly and at a pre-agreed frequency.Ex. Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex. Equally powerful is the capacity of words to propagandize, create distrust, fuel hatred, or manipulate peoples' opinions in support of foregone political agendas.Ex. The data entered into a fixed-length field may be of variable length, but cannot exceed the pre-defined length of the field.----* definir de un modo predeterminado e inamovible = hardwire [hard wire].* * *= built-in, predetermined [pre-determined], pre-established [preestablished], pre-agreed, predesignated, foregone, predefined [pre-defined].Ex: To use the 'default' or built-in command settings, simply press RETURN.
Ex: In machine-readable data files, a format is a predetermined order or arrangement of data in a record.Ex: EDI refers to the exchange of electronic data in a pre-established standardized format between a sender and receiver using telecommunications links.Ex: You will receive all your serials promptly and at a pre-agreed frequency.Ex: Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.Ex: Equally powerful is the capacity of words to propagandize, create distrust, fuel hatred, or manipulate peoples' opinions in support of foregone political agendas.Ex: The data entered into a fixed-length field may be of variable length, but cannot exceed the pre-defined length of the field.* definir de un modo predeterminado e inamovible = hardwire [hard wire].* * *predeterminado, -a adjpredetermined -
24 trabajar a partir de
(v.) = work forwardEx. They will however always have some kind of springboard or trigger which has led to their question, and we can work forwards from this.* * *(v.) = work forwardEx: They will however always have some kind of springboard or trigger which has led to their question, and we can work forwards from this.
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25 premere
"to press;Drücken;Anziehen;apertar"* * *1. v/t press2. v/i press (su on)mi preme che it is important to me that* * *premere v.tr.1 to press: premi il grilletto!, press the trigger!; premere un bottone, to press a button; si premeva la mano sul fianco, he pressed his hand to his side2 ( spingere) to press; ( incalzare) to bear* down on (s.o.): la folla lo premeva da ogni lato, the crowd pressed in upon him from all sides; i nostri soldati premevano il nemico, our soldiers bore down on the enemy◆ v. intr.1 ( pesare, gravare) to press: se il coperchio della scatola preme sui fiori, li schiaccia, if the lid of the box presses down on the flowers, it will crush them // le truppe nemiche premevano ai confini, the enemy troops were mustering on the borders // la scarpa sinistra mi preme sull'alluce, my (o the) left shoe is pinching my toe2 ( insistere) to press (sthg.), to insist (on sthg.): premeva sempre sullo stesso punto, he always pressed (o insisted on) the same point3 ( esercitare pressione morale) to press (s.o.), to urge (s.o.): premono su di lui perché faccia testamento, they are urging him to make his will; premeva per essere ricevuto al più presto, he was pressing to be received as soon as possible4 ( importare, stare a cuore) to matter, to interest, to be of interest: è il tuo avvenire che mi preme, it is your future that matters to me; mi preme che lo sappia subito, I want him to know it at once; mi preme sapere se è arrivato bene, I am anxious to know whether he has arrived safely; la sua reputazione non gli preme affatto, he isn't at all concerned about his reputation // mi preme averlo oggi stesso, I'm very anxious to have it today.* * *['prɛmere]1. vt(gen) to press1)premere su — (gen) to press on, (pedale) to press down on, fig to put pressure on
2)(
fig : stare a cuore) è una faccenda che mi preme molto — it's a matter which I am very concerned about* * *['prɛmere] 1.verbo transitivo1) (schiacciare) to press3) (incalzare) [ truppe] to bear* down on [ nemico]2.1) (appoggiare)premere su qcs. — to press sth., to press against sth.
2) (gravare) to press, to weigh3) (accalcarsi) to crowd, to push4) fig. (fare pressioni)premere su qcn. — to press sb., to urge sb
5) (insistere) to insist (su on)6) (essere urgente) to be* urgent, to be* pressing7) fig. (stare a cuore) to matter, to interest* * *premere/'prεmere/ [2]1 (schiacciare) to press(aus. avere)1 (appoggiare) premere su qcs. to press sth., to press against sth.; premere sull'acceleratore to step on the accelerator2 (gravare) to press, to weigh3 (accalcarsi) to crowd, to push5 (insistere) to insist (su on); premere su un punto to stress a point6 (essere urgente) to be* urgent, to be* pressing7 fig. (stare a cuore) to matter, to interest; mi preme saperlo I'm anxious to know; gli preme l'avvenire di suo figlio his son's future is close to his heart. -
26 jouer
jouer [ʒwe]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 11. <a. to play• à qui de jouer ? whose go is it?• à quoi joues-tu ? what are you playing at?• il a réussi en jouant sur les différences de législation he succeeded by exploiting differences in legislationc. [acteur, musicien] to play• il joue dans « Hamlet » he's in "Hamlet"d. ( = bouger) faire jouer un ressort to activate a springe. ( = intervenir) l'âge ne joue pas age doesn't come into it• ses relations ont joué pour beaucoup dans la décision his connections were an important factor in the decision• les distributeurs font jouer la concurrence the distributors are playing the competitors off against each other• il a fait jouer ses appuis politiques pour obtenir ce poste he made use of his political connections to get this post2. <• on joue « Macbeth » ce soir "Macbeth" is on this evening► jouer + tour(s)b. ( = mettre en jeu) [+ argent] (au casino) to stake ; (aux courses) to bet ( sur on ) ; [+ cheval] to back• rien n'est encore joué ( = décidé) nothing is settled yetc. (Computing) [+ application] to play3. <► se jouera. ( = être joué)b. ( = être décidé) tout va se jouer demain everything will be decided tomorrowc. ( = se moquer) se jouer de qn to deceive sb* * *ʒwe
1.
1) Jeux, Sport to play [match, jeu, carte]; to back [cheval, favori]; to stake [argent]; to risk [réputation, vie]2) Musique to play [morceau, compositeur, disque]3) Cinéma, Théâtre [personne] to perform [pièce]; [personne] to act [Shakespeare]; [personne] to play [rôle]; [cinéma] to show [film]; [théâtre] to put on [pièce]4) ( incarner)
2.
jouer à verbe transitif indirectà quoi jouez-vous? — lit what are you playing?; fig what are you playing at?
jouer à qui perd gagne — to play ‘loser takes all’
jouer à la marchande/au docteur — to play shops/doctors and nurses
3.
jouer de verbe transitif indirect1) Musique2) ( se servir de)jouer de — to use [influence] ( pour faire to do)
4.
verbe intransitifc'était pour jouer, ne le prenez pas mal! — I/he etc was only joking, don't be offended!
2) ( pratiquer un jeu) to play; ( avec de l'argent) to gambleà toi de jouer! — ( au jeu) your turn!; fig the ball's in your court!
bien joué! — ( au jeu) well played!; fig well done!
j'en ai assez, je ne joue plus! — I've had enough, count me out!
3) ( traiter à la légère)jouer avec — to gamble with [vie, santé]; to put [something] on the line [réputation]; to play with [sentiments]
4) ( spéculer) to gamblejouer sur — to play on [crédulité, lassitude]; to speculate in [valeur boursière]
5) Cinéma, Musique, Théâtre [acteur] to act; [musicien, radio] to play6) ( produire des effets) [lumière, flammes, vent] to play ( sur on; dans in)7) ( intervenir) [argument, clause] to apply; [âge, qualification] to matterjouer en faveur de quelqu'un — to work in somebody's favour [BrE]
8) ( être mal ajusté) to be loose
5.
se jouer verbe pronominal1) Cinéma, Musique, Théâtre [musique] to be played; [film] to be shown; [pièce] to be performed2) Jeux, Sport [jeu, sport] to be played; [partie, rencontre] ( amicalement) to be played; ( avec enjeu) to be played out3) ( être en jeu) [avenir, sort, paix] to be at stakele sort des réfugiés va se jouer à la conférence sur la paix — the fate of the refugees hangs on the peace conference
4) ( triompher de)se jouer de — to make light of [difficulté]; to defy [pesanteur, gravité]; to make light work of [obstacle]
* * *ʒwe1. vi1) (= s'amuser) to playElle est allée jouer avec les petits voisins. — She's gone to play with the children next door.
2) THÉÂTRE, CINÉMA to actJe trouve qu'il joue très bien dans ce film. — I think he acts very well in this film.
3) (= avoir du jeu) [clef, pièce] to be loose4) (= se voiler) [bois, porte] to warp5) (= être en jeu) to come into play, to come into it6) (= parier) to gamble, to play for moneyjouer sur — to gamble on, to bet on
jouer de qch MUSIQUE — to play sth, fig (= tirer parti de) to use sth
Il joue de la guitare et du piano. — He plays the guitar and the piano.
jouer à qch (= pratiquer) [jeu, sport] — to play sth
Elle joue au tennis. — She plays tennis.
à toi de jouer — it's your go, it's your turn, figit's up to you now
2. vt1) MUSIQUE to play2) [partie, carte, coup] play3) [argent, réputation] to stake, to wager4) [pièce] to perform, [rôle] to play, [film] to showOn joue Hamlet au Théâtre de la Ville. — Hamlet is on at the Théâtre de la Ville., They're doing Hamlet at the Théâtre de la Ville.
C'est un très jeune acteur qui joue le rôle principal. — A very young actor is playing the lead role.
jouer la comédie fig — to put on an act, to put it on
5) (= simuler) [sentiment] to affect, to feignjouer un tour à qn (= faire une plaisanterie) — to play a trick on sb
jouer des tours à qn [mémoire] — to play tricks on sb
Ma mémoire me joue des tours. — My memory is playing tricks on me., [comportement] to backfire
Ce genre de comportement risque de lui jouer des tours. — This kind of behavior could well backfire on him.
* * *jouer verb table: aimerA vtr1 Jeux, Sport, Turf to play [match, jeu, partie]; to play [carte, couleur, atout]; to move [pièce d'échecs, pion de dames]; to back [cheval, favori]; to stake [somme, argent, objet]; to risk [réputation, vie]; partie mal jouée poorly played game; jouer carreau to play diamonds; jouer un cheval gagnant/placé to back a horse to win/for a place; jouons le dîner à la courte paille let's draw straws to see who pays for dinner; c'est joué d'avance it's a foregone conclusion; tout n'est pas encore joué the game isn't over yet; jouer le tout pour le tout to go for broke○; ⇒ pendable;2 Mus to play [morceau, compositeur, disque] (à on); jouer du Bach à la guitare to play some Bach on the guitar; concerto admirablement joué beautifully played concerto;3 Cin, Théât [personne] to perform [pièce]; [personne] to play [rôle, personnage]; [personne] to act [Shakespeare]; [cinéma] to show [film]; [théâtre] to put on [pièce]; l'auteur le plus joué de France the most frequently performed playwright in France; mon rêve est de jouer Figaro my dream is to play Figaro; faire jouer une pièce to stage a play; quel film joue-t-on au Rex? what film is showing at the Rex?; théâtre qui ne joue que de l'avant-garde theatreGB that only puts on avant-garde plays; ⇒ fille, scène;4 ( incarner) jouer les imbéciles to play dumb; jouer les innocents or l'innocent to play the innocent; jouer le désespoir/la surprise to pretend to be in despair/surprised; jouer les héros to take unnecessary risks.B jouer à vtr ind to play [tennis, échecs, roulette]; to play with [poupée]; to play [cowboy, Tarzan]; to bet on [courses]; à quoi jouez-vous? lit what are you playing?; fig what are you playing at?; jouer à qui perd gagne to play ‘loser takes all’; jouer à la marchande/au docteur to play shops/doctors and nurses; jouer au con◑ to play dumb; ⇒ souris.C jouer de vtr indD vi1 ( s'amuser) [enfant, animal] to play (avec with); allez jouer dehors, les enfants! go and play outside, children!; va faire jouer les enfants dans le parc take the children to play in the park; chat qui joue avec une souris cat playing with a mouse; on n'est pas ici pour jouer! we're not here to play games!; c'était pour jouer, ne le prenez pas mal! I was only joking, don't be offended!;2 ( pratiquer un jeu) to play; ( avec de l'argent) to gamble; jouer pour de l'argent to play for money; il joue dans l'équipe de Bordeaux he plays for Bordeaux; à toi de jouer! lit your turn!; fig the ball's in your court!; bien joué! ( au jeu) well played!; fig well done!; jouer gagnant/perdant to be onto a winner/loser; j'en ai assez, je ne joue plus! I've had enough, count me out!; arrête de jouer avec ton stylo/ta bague! stop fiddling with your pen/your ring!;3 ( traiter à la légère) jouer avec to gamble with [vie, santé]; to put [sth] on the line [réputation]; to play with [sentiments]; ne joue pas avec mon cœur don't play with my feelings;4 ( spéculer) to gamble; jouer en Bourse to gamble on the stock exchange; jouer gros/petit to gamble for high/small stakes; jouer le sterling à la baisse to sell sterling short; jouer le sterling à la hausse to take a long position on sterling; jouer sur to play on [crédulité, lassitude]; to speculate in [valeur boursière]; jouer sur les dissensions au sein d'un parti to play on disagreements within a party; ⇒ tableau;5 Cin, Mus, Théât [acteur] to act; [musicien, radio, disque, musique] to play; jouer dans un film to act in a film; dans quelle pièce/quel théâtre joue-t-elle? which play/theatreGB is she acting in?; jouer en mesure to play in time; le pianiste a joué devant/pour un public réduit the pianist played to/for a small audience;6 ( produire des effets) [lumière, flammes, vent] to play (sur on; dans in); une brise légère jouait dans tes cheveux/dans les branchages a light breeze played with your hair/in the branches;7 ( intervenir) [argument, clause] to apply; [âge, qualification] to matter; cet argument ne joue pas dans ce cas that argument doesn't apply ou mean much in this case; l'âge ne joue pas dans ce métier age doesn't matter in this job; les questions d'argent ne jouent pas entre eux money is not a problem in their relationship; les considérations qui ont joué dans ma décision the considerations that played a part in my decision; jouer en faveur de qn to work in sb's favourGB; jouer comme un déclic to serve as the trigger; faire jouer la clé dans la serrure to jiggle the key in the lock; faire jouer ses relations to make use of one's connections; ses relations n'ont pas joué comme prévu his/her connections didn't prove as useful as expected; faire or laisser jouer le marché to allow the free play of market forces;8 Mécan ( être mal ajusté) to be loose; le contrevent a joué et ne ferme plus the shutter has worked loose and won't close any more; l'humidité a fait jouer les boiseries the damp has made the panellingGB warp.E se jouer vpr1 Cin, Mus, Théât [musique, air] to be played; [film] to be shown; [pièce, auteur, compositeur] to be performed;2 Jeux, Sport [jeu, sport] to be played; [partie, rencontre] ( amicalement) to be played; ( avec enjeu) to be played out; le match s'est joué sous la pluie the match was played in the rain;3 ( être en jeu) [avenir, sort, paix] to be at stake, to hang in the balance; c'est l'avenir du pays qui se joue the future of the country is at stake ou hangs in the balance; le sort des réfugiés va se jouer à la conférence sur la paix the fate of the refugees hangs on the peace conference; le drame qui se joue dans le tiers-monde the drama which is being played out in the Third World; il va se jouer une partie décisive entre les deux firmes a decisive contest is going to be played out between the two firms;4 ( triompher de) se jouer de to make light of [difficulté]; to defy [pesanteur, gravité]; to make light work of [obstacle]; il a triomphé de tous ses concurrents/tous les obstacles comme en se jouant he triumphed over all his competitors/all obstacles without even trying.[ʒwe] verbe intransitif1. [s'amuser] to playjouer au ballon/au train électrique/à la poupée to play with a ball/an electric train/a dolljouer à la marchande/au docteur to play (at) shops/doctors and nursesil jouait avec sa gomme he was playing ou fiddling with his eraserjouer avec les sentiments de quelqu'un to play ou to trifle with somebody's feelingstu joues avec ta santé/vie you're gambling with your health/lifeil a passé sa soirée à faire jouer le chien avec la balle he spent the evening throwing the ball around for the dogjouer au golf/football/squash to play golf/football/squashjouer aux cartes/au billard to play cards/billiardsil joue à l'avant/à l'arrière he plays up front/in defencea. [aux cartes] (it's) your turnb. [aux échecs] (it's) your movejouer contre quelqu'un/une équipe to play (against) somebody/a teamne joue pas au plus fin avec moi! don't try to be smart ou clever with me!jouer à la Bourse to gamble on ou to speculate on ou to play the Stock Exchangejouer dans un film/une pièce to be in a film/a playnous jouons à l'Apollo en ce moment at the moment, we are playing at ou our play is on at the Apollobien/mal jouera. [généralement] to be a good/bad musicianb. [dans un concert] to give a good/bad performance, to play well/badlytu joues d'un instrument? do ou can you play an instrument?elle joue très bien du piano/de la clarinette she's a very good pianist/a very good clarinet player6. [intervenir - facteur] to be of consequence ou of importance ; [ - clause] to applyles événements récents ont joué dans leur décision recent events have been a factor in ou have affected ou have influenced their decisionil a fait jouer la clause 3 pour obtenir des indemnités he had recourse to ou made use of clause 3 to obtain compensationjouer pour ou en faveur de quelqu'un to work in somebody's favourjouer contre ou en défaveur de quelqu'un to work against somebody7. [se déformer - bois] to warp[avoir du jeu] to work loose8. [fonctionner]a. [pour ouvrir la porte] to turn a key (in a lock)b. [pour l'essayer] to try a key (in a lock)9. [faire des effets]une brise légère jouait dans ou avec ses cheveux a gentle breeze was playing with her hair————————[ʒwe] verbe transitifil joue un drôle de jeu he's playing a strange ou funny (little) gameb. JEUX good move!il joue d'énormes sommes he gambles vast sums, he plays for high stakes ou big money3. [risquer - avenir, réputation] to stakeil a très bien joué Cyrano/la fugue he gave an excellent performance as Cyrano/of the fuguea. [acteur] to play Brecht, to be in a Brecht playb. [troupe] to play Brecht, to put on (a) Brecht (play)ne joue pas les innocents! don't play the innocent ou don't act innocent (with me)!jouer l'étonnement/le remords to pretend to be surprised/sorry————————jouer de verbe plus prépositionjouer du couteau/marteau to wield a knife/hammerelle joue de son infirmité she plays on ou uses her handicap2. [être victime de]jouer de malchance ou malheur to be dogged by misfortune ou bad luck————————jouer sur verbe plus préposition[crédulité, sentiment] to play on (inseparable)————————se jouer verbe pronominal (emploi passif)[morceau de musique] to be played ou performed3. [être en jeu] to be at stake————————se jouer verbe pronominal intransitif1. [dépendre]l'avenir du pays se joue dans cette négociation the fate of the country hinges ou depends on the outcome of these negotiations3. (locution)————————se jouer de verbe pronominal plus préposition1. [ignorer] to ignore -
27 запускать
. включать•The computer triggers the N2 laser.
•The relay serves to actuate (or energize) the dial mechanism of the clock.
•The incoming start pulse fires the start blocking oscillator.
•A controlled system that contains only inertia, or an analogous quantity, will keep moving forever once it has been set in motion.
•The laser plasma is only the catalyst that serves to turn on (or trigger) the steady-state fusion process.
•Chemical reactions can be initiated in less than a nanosecond by means of high-power pulsed laser.
* * *Запускать -- to set (в действие); to fire (устройство в работу); to start (двигатель); to launch (изделие в производство); to run (компьютерную программу); to neglect (оставлять без внимания)Trigger \#1 was set to fire when the signal voltage fell below the trigger voltage level causing the counter to stop.To see all the ASCII codes and the letters the represent, type in this BASIC program and run it.—запускатьРусско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > запускать
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28 despertar
m.1 awakening.El despertar de sus sentidos fue lento The awakening of his senses was slow2 emergence.v.1 to wake (up) (persona, animal).despiértame a la seis, por favor could you wake me (up) at six, please?2 to arouse.despertar odio/pasión to arouse hatred/passionel ejercicio me despierta el apetito exercise gives me an appetitedespertar a alguien las ganas de hacer algo to make somebody want to do somethingSu belleza despertó su pasión Her beauty aroused his passion.3 to revive, to awaken (recuerdo).esta canción despierta en mí buenos recuerdos this song brings back happy memories4 to wake up, to arouse, to awaken, to awake.El ruido despertó a Ricardo The noise woke up Richard.Elsa amaneció Elsa woke up..* * *1 to wake, wake up, awaken2 (apetito) to whet1 to wake up, awake1 to wake up, awake* * *verb1) to arouse2) awaken, wake•* * *1. VT1) [del sueño] to wake, wake up, awaken liter2) (=recordar, incitar) [+ esperanzas] to raise; [+ recuerdo] to revive; [+ sentimiento] to arouse2.VISee:* * *1.verbo transitivoa) < persona> to wake, wake... upb) <sentimientos/pasiones> to arouse; < apetito> to whet; < recuerdos> to evoke; < interés> to awaken, stir up2.despertar via) ( del sueño) to wake (up); ( de la anestesia) to come roundb) (liter) (a la realidad, al amor) to wake up to3.despertarse v prona) ( del sueño) to wake (up)b) ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up* * *= arouse, awakening, spark off, wake up, awaken, awake, rouse, stir up, incite, beckon forth.Ex. The appearance of this volume aroused such a furor within and without the British Museum that further publication of the catalog was suspended.Ex. Puberty, he describes as 'dreamy and sentimental' and though this may seem a far cry from the teenagers we would recognize that adolescence brings an awakening of emotions, idealism and commitment to a romantic ideal.Ex. Like the librarians and the bookshop staff, the club members are catalysts who spark off that fission which will spread from child to child an awareness of books and the habit of reading them.Ex. I do anticipate, however, that we will wake up sooner or later to this enormous competitive threat.Ex. In the beginning it does not matter what kind of literature causes this to happen; the great thing is that the critical sense has been awakened.Ex. Schucking noted that early step when a child's 'imagination awakes, without corresponding development of the critical faculty,' a step most children make before they reach school age = Schucking se percató de ese primer paso en el niño cuando "se despierta su imaginación sin el correspondiente desarrollo de la capacidad crítica", un paso que dan la mayoría de los niños antes de alcanzar la edad escolar.Ex. The spirit, if not the content, of Marx can be the joust to rouse the sleepy theory of academic sociology.Ex. The goal of this guidebook is to help writers activate their brains to stir up more and better ideas and details.Ex. It is illegal to operate websites inciting terrorism under the Terrorism Act.Ex. Our academic curriculum and is designed to stimulate, challenge, and beckon forth the best from each student.----* despertar a la realidad = wake up to + reality, wake up to + the realities.* despertar de = jolt out of.* despertar dudas = stir + doubts.* despertar el deseo = arouse + hunger.* despertar el entusiasmo = capture + the imagination, work up + an enthusiasm.* despertar el hambre = work up + an appetite.* despertar el interés = provoke + interest, stimulate + interest, stir + interest, whet + the appetite, heighten + interest, rouse + interest, capture + the imagination, capture + the interest, work up + an interest, pique + interest.* despertar el interés de = catch + the imagination of.* despertar entusiasmo = arouse + enthusiasm.* despertar interés = arouse + interest, attract + interest, raise + interest, spark + interest.* despertar interés por = kindle + interest in.* despertar la atención = arouse + attention, give + wake-up call.* despertar la curiosidad = arouse + curiosity, provoke + curiosity, spark + curiosity, excite + attention, excite + curiosity, pique + curiosity, stir + Posesivo + curiosity.* despertar la imaginación = fire + the imagination.* despertar la motivación = spark + motivation.* despertar la sed = work up + a thirst.* despertar las emociones = stir + emotions.* despertar la sensibilidad = release + feelings.* despertar pasión = ignite + passion.* despertarse = get on + the ball.* despertarse con = wake up to.* despertarse de = rouse from.* despertarse sobresaltado = startle awake.* despertarse sorprendido = startle awake.* despertar sospechas = stir + suspicion, arouse + suspicion.* despertar un sentimiento de = stir + a sense of.* destinado a despertar el interés del usuario = highlight abstract.* duro despertar = rude awakening.* tener un duro despertar = rude awakening + be in store.* volver a despertar = reawaken [re-awaken].* * *1.verbo transitivoa) < persona> to wake, wake... upb) <sentimientos/pasiones> to arouse; < apetito> to whet; < recuerdos> to evoke; < interés> to awaken, stir up2.despertar via) ( del sueño) to wake (up); ( de la anestesia) to come roundb) (liter) (a la realidad, al amor) to wake up to3.despertarse v prona) ( del sueño) to wake (up)b) ( espabilarse) to wake (oneself) up* * *= arouse, awakening, spark off, wake up, awaken, awake, rouse, stir up, incite, beckon forth.Ex: The appearance of this volume aroused such a furor within and without the British Museum that further publication of the catalog was suspended.
Ex: Puberty, he describes as 'dreamy and sentimental' and though this may seem a far cry from the teenagers we would recognize that adolescence brings an awakening of emotions, idealism and commitment to a romantic ideal.Ex: Like the librarians and the bookshop staff, the club members are catalysts who spark off that fission which will spread from child to child an awareness of books and the habit of reading them.Ex: I do anticipate, however, that we will wake up sooner or later to this enormous competitive threat.Ex: In the beginning it does not matter what kind of literature causes this to happen; the great thing is that the critical sense has been awakened.Ex: Schucking noted that early step when a child's 'imagination awakes, without corresponding development of the critical faculty,' a step most children make before they reach school age = Schucking se percató de ese primer paso en el niño cuando "se despierta su imaginación sin el correspondiente desarrollo de la capacidad crítica", un paso que dan la mayoría de los niños antes de alcanzar la edad escolar.Ex: The spirit, if not the content, of Marx can be the joust to rouse the sleepy theory of academic sociology.Ex: The goal of this guidebook is to help writers activate their brains to stir up more and better ideas and details.Ex: It is illegal to operate websites inciting terrorism under the Terrorism Act.Ex: Our academic curriculum and is designed to stimulate, challenge, and beckon forth the best from each student.* despertar a la realidad = wake up to + reality, wake up to + the realities.* despertar de = jolt out of.* despertar dudas = stir + doubts.* despertar el deseo = arouse + hunger.* despertar el entusiasmo = capture + the imagination, work up + an enthusiasm.* despertar el hambre = work up + an appetite.* despertar el interés = provoke + interest, stimulate + interest, stir + interest, whet + the appetite, heighten + interest, rouse + interest, capture + the imagination, capture + the interest, work up + an interest, pique + interest.* despertar el interés de = catch + the imagination of.* despertar entusiasmo = arouse + enthusiasm.* despertar interés = arouse + interest, attract + interest, raise + interest, spark + interest.* despertar interés por = kindle + interest in.* despertar la atención = arouse + attention, give + wake-up call.* despertar la curiosidad = arouse + curiosity, provoke + curiosity, spark + curiosity, excite + attention, excite + curiosity, pique + curiosity, stir + Posesivo + curiosity.* despertar la imaginación = fire + the imagination.* despertar la motivación = spark + motivation.* despertar la sed = work up + a thirst.* despertar las emociones = stir + emotions.* despertar la sensibilidad = release + feelings.* despertar pasión = ignite + passion.* despertarse = get on + the ball.* despertarse con = wake up to.* despertarse de = rouse from.* despertarse sobresaltado = startle awake.* despertarse sorprendido = startle awake.* despertar sospechas = stir + suspicion, arouse + suspicion.* despertar un sentimiento de = stir + a sense of.* destinado a despertar el interés del usuario = highlight abstract.* duro despertar = rude awakening.* tener un duro despertar = rude awakening + be in store.* volver a despertar = reawaken [re-awaken].* * *vt1 ‹persona› to wake, wake … updespiértame a las ocho wake me (up) at eight o'clock2 ‹sentimientos/pasiones› to arouse; ‹apetito› to whet; ‹recuerdos› to evoke; ‹interés› to awaken, stir upun discurso que despertó fuertes polémicas a speech which sparked off o triggered o aroused o provoked fierce controversyesa música despierta recuerdos de mi niñez that music reminds me of my childhood o brings back o evokes memories of my childhood■ despertarvi1 (del sueño) to wake (up)todavía no ha despertado de la anestesia she hasn't come round from the anesthetic yetdespertó sobresaltado he woke (up) o ( liter) awoke with a start2 ( liter) (a la realidad, al amor) to wake up1 (del sueño) to wake (up)se despertó de madrugada he woke (up) very early2 (espabilarse) to wake (oneself) upvoy a darme una ducha a ver si me despierto I'm going to have a shower to try to wake (myself) upawakening* * *
despertar ( conjugate despertar) verbo transitivo
‹ apetito› to whet;
‹ recuerdos› to evoke;
‹ interés› to awaken, stir up
verbo intransitivo ( del sueño) to wake (up);
( de la anestesia) to come round
despertarse verbo pronominal ( del sueño) to wake (up)
despertar
I verbo transitivo
1 to wake (up)
2 fig (un sentimiento, recuerdo) to arouse
II sustantivo masculino awakening: tiene muy mal despertar, he's always angry when he wakes up
' despertar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cerrarse
- despertarse
- escándalo
- espabilar
- grogui
- ininteligible
- umbral
- despierta
English:
arouse
- awake
- awaken
- awakening
- fire
- get up
- rouse
- roust
- stir
- stir up
- wake
- wake up
- excite
- get
- kindle
- provoke
* * *♦ vt1. [persona, animal] to wake (up);despiértame a las seis, por favor could you wake me (up) at six, please?2. [producir] [sentimientos] to arouse;[recuerdos] to bring back, to revive; [expectación] to create, to arouse; [debate, polémica] to give rise to;despertar odio/pasión to arouse hatred/passion;el ejercicio me despierta el apetito exercise gives me an appetite;despertar a alguien las ganas de hacer algo to make sb want to do sth;esta canción despierta en mí buenos recuerdos this song brings back happy memories for me♦ vi1. [dejar de dormir] to wake (up);¡despierta, que ya hemos llegado! wake up! we've arrived!;despertó de repente de su sueño she suddenly woke from her dream2. [espabilar] to wake o wise up* * *I v/t1 wake, wakenII v/i wake up* * *despertar {55} vi: to awaken, to wake updespertar vt1) : to arouse, to wake2) evocar: to elicit, to evoke* * * -
29 приводить(ся) в действие
Приводить(ся) в действие - to activate, to drive, to power (с помощью привода); to operate (с вмешательством человека); to trigger (автоматически при отклонении от нормы)The mechanical coders are spring loaded and are activated as the case passes by.A 4-20 mA output signal can then be used to drive a tank-side meter for local indication.The rig is powered by an airdriven turbine adapted for this application from one of Solar's standard production engines.Operate the booms to produce the oil flow through the filters, otherwise the indicator readings will be inaccurate.Engine bay air temperature limits of 82oC have been set to retain a margin for the fire warning system, which can trigger at an area temperature of 104oC.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > приводить(ся) в действие
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30 вызывать
. благодаря которому происходит; влечь за собой; возбуждать интерес; заставлять; не вызывать изменений; создавать•The X-rays can also bring about (or cause, or elicit) chemical changes in the environment of the chromosomes.
•Bimolecular processes may be responsible for (or cause, or trigger) reactions at such low temperatures.
•Use of scraper units has brought about (or led to, or resulted in, or produced) a change in the stripping procedures.
•Exposure will cause the tubes to swell.
•The unbalance voltage causes a galvanometer to deflect.
•The use of a driving belt could give rise to vibrations.
•The homogeneous para- to orthohydrogen conversion is induced by paramagnetic molecules.
•Certain fungi are responsible for histoplasmosis, a lung infection.
•It is important to know the conditions that bring on a spin (авиа).
•Resonance destabilization will effect a greater decrease in...
•Fertilization of the eggs elicited a pronounced increase of poly().
•The detonator is a device used to initiate the explosion of a high explosive.
•It is not certain what process triggered the initial collapse of the solar nebula.
•Only a little heating above the glass temperature is needed to provoke crystallization.
•Viscosity sets up (or gives rise to) tangential stress at the body surface.
* * *Вызывать -- to cause, to induce, to be responsible for (быть причиной; синоним: приводить к); to produce, to present, to generate, to create (порождать); to prompt, to motivate (стимулировать); to attract (об интересе, критике); to be (как глагол-связка в ряде сочетаний)These deposits and other accumulations in the furnace caused a loss of 12 percent in boiler generating capacity.This difference of less than one point Rockwell C is not expected to induce such a large fatigue life difference.With thermoplastic polymers several mechanisms are responsible for friction and wear.This environment produces the Type II form of hot corrosion attack.— вызваноРусско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > вызывать
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31 вызывать
. благодаря которому происходит; влечь за собой; возбуждать интерес; заставлять; не вызывать изменений; создавать•The X-rays can also bring about (or cause, or elicit) chemical changes in the environment of the chromosomes.
•Bimolecular processes may be responsible for (or cause, or trigger) reactions at such low temperatures.
•Use of scraper units has brought about (or led to, or resulted in, or produced) a change in the stripping procedures.
•Exposure will cause the tubes to swell.
•The unbalance voltage causes a galvanometer to deflect.
•The use of a driving belt could give rise to vibrations.
•The homogeneous para- to orthohydrogen conversion is induced by paramagnetic molecules.
•Certain fungi are responsible for histoplasmosis, a lung infection.
•It is important to know the conditions that bring on a spin (авиа).
•Resonance destabilization will effect a greater decrease in...
•Fertilization of the eggs elicited a pronounced increase of poly().
•The detonator is a device used to initiate the explosion of a high explosive.
•It is not certain what process triggered the initial collapse of the solar nebula.
•Only a little heating above the glass temperature is needed to provoke crystallization.
•Viscosity sets up (or gives rise to) tangential stress at the body surface.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > вызывать
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32 byle
Ⅰ conj. 1. (wyrażające warunek) providing a. provided (that), (just) as long as- wyjdzie za każdego, byle miał pieniądze she’ll marry anyone, providing a. as long as he’s got money- kup sobie jakiś garnitur, byle nie czarny buy yourself a suit, just as long as it’s not black- możesz wziąć tę płytę, byleś ją jutro oddał you can take that record, as long as you return it tomorrow2. (wyrażające życzenie) if only- zrobi wszystko, byle dziecko było zdrowe she’ll do anything, just as long as the child gets better- bylebyś mnie kochał, bylibyśmy szczęśliwi if only you loved me, we could be happy a. as long as you loved me, we would be happy- każdy, byle nie on anybody but him a. as long as it’s not him- wszystko, byle nie to anything but that3. (wyrażające cel) (przed bezokolicznikiem) to, in order to, so as to; (przed zdaniem) so that- zrobiłem to, byleś była zadowolona I did it (in order) to please you- ukryła się w głębi ogrodu, byle mąż jej nie zobaczył she hid deep in the garden so that her husband wouldn’t see her- on zrobi wszystko, byle osiągnąć swój cel he’ll do anything to reach his goal a. objective- gadać, byle gadać to talk for the sake of talking- (ona) narzeka, byleby narzekać she complains for the sake of complainingⅡ part. 1. (wyrażające życzenie) I just wish, if only- byleś o tym więcej nie wspominał! I just wish you wouldn’t mention a. (please) just don’t mention it again!- byle dojechać do skrzyżowania! if we could just get to the crossroads- byleśmy się nie spóźnili! I just hope we won’t be late- byle do piątku! I just wish a. if only it were Friday- zrób to, byle szybko! do it, (and) just be quick about it!2. (dowolny) any; (kiepski) any old pot., pejor.- wystarczy byle wytrych any skeleton key will do- byle dziecko/głupiec to potrafi even a child a. a mere child/any old fool can do that- byle sekretarka nie będzie mnie pouczać I won’t be lectured to by some a. a mere secretary- byle drobiazg był dla nich powodem do kłótni the slightest thing could trigger off an argument between them- byle podmuch zwieje papiery z biurka the slightest waft of air will blow the papers off the desk- z byle powodu for the slightest reason, for no reason at all- pod byle pretekstem on any old a. the slightest pretext, at the slightest excuse- przy byle sposobności whenever the a. an opportunity presents itself3. (z zaimkami) byle co (cokolwiek) (just) anything; any old thing pot.- mówić a. opowiadać byle co to say any old thing- (on) byle czym nie da się zbyć you can’t pass any old thing off on him- śmiać się z byle czego to laugh at anything a. for the slightest reason- zawsze kupujesz byle co you’re always buying junk- to nie byle co it’s no small thing a. no joke pot.- poczęstowali go nie byle czym – kawiorem they gave him caviar, not any old thing a. food- byle kto anyone, anybody- zadawać się z byle kim to associate with (just) anybody- to nie byle kto s/he’s not just anybody- byle gdzie anywhere; any old where a. place pot.- połóż to byle gdzie put it anywhere a. wherever you like- byle kiedy any time; any old time pot.- nie byle jaki (wyjątkowy) some, no mean- to nie byle jaki wyczyn that’s some a. no mean feat- jest nie byle jakim pianistą he’s no mean pianist- (ona) ma nie byle jaki apetyt she really has an appetite- stoją przed nie byle jakim problemem they’re facing a. they’re faced with no small problem- byle jak anyhow; any old how pot.- zrobili to byle jak they did it any old how* * *1. conj 2. partbyle jaki — ( jakikolwiek) any; ( podłej jakości) trashy
* * *conj.1. (oznaczający cel, skutek) (in order) to; szedłem naprzód, byle dalej I walked ahead in order to keep moving forward; robić byle zbyć do sth just to get it done; byle nie upaść the important thing is not to fall.2. ( oznaczający warunek) as long as, provided; byle przejechać przez granicę, a będziemy bezpieczni if we can reach the border, we'll be safe; mów prędko, byle prawdę make it quick, as long as you tell the truth; byle nie to anything but that. – partykuła dodawana do zaimków (just) any; kłaść rzeczy byle gdzie put those things down anywhere; śmiejesz się z byle czego laugh at anything; nie zadaję się z byle kim I don't associate with just anyone; robić coś byle jak do sth any old way; to nie byle co that's no small accomplishment; to jest nie byle kto that's not just anybody; wszędzie byle nie tutaj anywhere but here; masz nie byle jaki samochód you don't have just any (old) car; byle jaki crummy; tani i byle jaki cheapo.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > byle
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33 gato
m.1 cat, mog.2 jack, lifting jack.3 servant, maid, house-servant.4 pound sign, pound symbol, hash mark, hash sign.* * *1 cat, tomcat2 (de coche) jack► nombre masculino,nombre femenino gato,-a1 familiar person from Madrid, inhabitant of Madrid\buscarle tres/cinco pies al gato familiar to split hairs, complicate thingsdar gato por liebre familiar to take somebody in, con somebodyhay gato encerrado familiar there's something fishy going onllevar el gato al agua / llevarse el gato al agua familiar to pull it off, succeedser cuatro gatos familiar to be a handful of peopleser gato viejo familiar to be an old handgato de algalia civet catgato de Angora Angora catgato montés wildcat, US bobcatgato siamés Siamese cat————————1 cat, tomcat2 (de coche) jack► nombre masculino,nombre femenino* * *(f. - gata)noun1) cat2) jack* * *I gato, -a1. SM / F1) (Zool) [gen] cat; [especificando el sexo] tomcat/she-cat"El gato con botas" — "Puss in Boots"
te han dado gato por liebre — you've been had o conned *, you've been done *
cuatro gatos —
no había más que cuatro gatos — there was hardly anyone o a soul there
este programa solo lo ven cuatro gatos — hardly anyone watches this programme, this programme is only watched by a handful of people
defenderse 2), pie 1)gato callejero — stray cat, alley cat ( esp EEUU)
3) Méx * (=criado) servant2. SM1) (Téc) [de coche] jack; (=torno) clamp, vice, vise (EEUU); (=grapa) grab, drag (EEUU); Méx [de arma] trigger2) * (=ladrón) sneak thief, petty thief3) (=baile) a popular Argentinian folk dance4) † [para el dinero] money bag5) CAm (=músculo) muscle6) Méx (=propina) tip7) Cono Sur (=bolsa de agua) hot-water bottlegata IISM And open-air market, market place* * *I- ta masculino, femenino1) (Zool) catcuatro gatos — (fam) a handful of people
defenderse como gato panza arriba — (fam) to defend oneself fiercely
estar para el gato — (Chi fam) to be in a bad way (colloq)
le dieron gato por liebre — he was conned o had! (colloq)
llevarse el gato al agua — (fam) to pull it off (colloq)
2) (Méx fam) ( criado) (m) servant; (f) maidII1) (Auto) jack2) (Mús) folk dance from the River Plate area3) (Chi, Méx) (Jueg) ticktacktoe (AmE), noughts and crosses (BrE)4) (Méx) ( signo) hash sign* * *I- ta masculino, femenino1) (Zool) catcuatro gatos — (fam) a handful of people
defenderse como gato panza arriba — (fam) to defend oneself fiercely
estar para el gato — (Chi fam) to be in a bad way (colloq)
le dieron gato por liebre — he was conned o had! (colloq)
llevarse el gato al agua — (fam) to pull it off (colloq)
2) (Méx fam) ( criado) (m) servant; (f) maidII1) (Auto) jack2) (Mús) folk dance from the River Plate area3) (Chi, Méx) (Jueg) ticktacktoe (AmE), noughts and crosses (BrE)4) (Méx) ( signo) hash sign* * *gato11 = cat.Ex: Parentheses help to clarify complex search requests, e.g. dog and ( cat or kitten) vs. (dog and cat) or kitten.
* a gatas = on all fours.* aquí hay gato encerrado = there's more to it than meets the eye.* buscarle cinco pies al gato = split + hairs.* buscarle los tres pies al gato = nitpick.* buscarle tres pies al gato = split + hairs.* dar gato por liebre = buy + a pig in a poke, pass off + a lemon.* el Gato con Botas = Puss in Boots.* gato callejero = stray cat, alley cat.* gato de roca = meerkat.* gato escaldado del agua fría huye = once bitten, twice shy, once bitten, twice shy.* gato montés = wildcat.* gato salvaje = feral cat.* gato siamés = Siamese cat.* llevarse el gato al agua = steal + the show, steal + the limelight, the nod + go to.* ponerle el cascabel al gato = stick + Posesivo + neck out (for), stick out + Posesivo + neck.gato22 = car jack.Ex: All of the 13 people killed in accidents involving car jacks were males aged between 30 and 89.
* gato del coche = car jack.* gato hidráulico = hydraulic jack.* levantar con gato = jack up.* * *masculine, feminineA ( Zool) cataquí hay gato encerrado there's something fishy going on herecuatro gatos ( fam); a handful of peopleen el pueblo no quedan más que cuatro gatos there's hardly a soul o there's only a handful of people left in the villageen la clase de árabe sólo somos cuatro gatos there are only half a dozen of us in my Arabic classdefenderse como gato panza arriba or ( Chi) de espaldas ( fam); to defend oneself fiercely o tooth and nailjugar al gato y al ratón to play cat and mouselavarse como los gatos to make do with a lick and a promise ( colloq)te dieron or ( Chi) pasaron or (Col, Ven) metieron gato por liebre you were conned o had! ( colloq), you were done in! ( AmE colloq), you were done! ( BrE colloq)el gato escaldado del agua fría huye once bitten twice shygato con guantes no caza ratones I/you can't do it with these/those gloves oncuando el gato duerme, bailan los ratones when the cat's away the mice will playCompuestos:el gato con botas Puss in Bootscivet, civet catAngora catwild catPersian catSiamese catgato2A ( Auto) jack* * *
gato 1◊ -ta sustantivo masculino, femenino (Zool) cat;
gato montés wild cat;
aquí hay gato encerrado there's something fishy going on here;
le dieron gato por liebre he was conned o had! (colloq);
llevarse el gato al agua (fam) to pull it off (colloq)
gato 2 sustantivo masculino
1 (Auto) jack
2 (Chi, Méx) (Jueg) ticktacktoe (AmE), noughts and crosses (BrE)
3 (Méx) ( signo) hash sign
gato sustantivo masculino
1 Zool cat
gato montés, wild cat
gato siamés, Siamese
El gato con botas, Puss in Boots
2 Auto Téc jack
3 familiar man from Madrid
♦ Locuciones: familiar buscarle tres pies al gato, to complicate things unnecessarily
aquí hay gato encerrado, there's something fishy going on
dar gato por liebre, to take sb in, to trick sb
al final nos llevamos el gato al agua, we pulled it off in the end
cuatro gatos, a handful of people
' gato' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abalanzarse
- cachorra
- cachorro
- cascabel
- enroscarse
- haber
- hidráulica
- hidráulico
- liebre
- linda
- lindo
- llevarse
- mano
- perra
- perro
- rebuscar
- siamés
- siamesa
- sigilo
- subirse
- acariciar
- bigote
- castrar
- comer
- cucho
- enroscar
- extraviado
- macho
- mamar
- me
- pata
- pelo
- rozar
- sacrificar
- uña
- zarpazo
English:
atop
- bark
- bitten
- cat
- claw
- comfortably
- console
- disorient
- disorientate
- fur
- jack
- jack up
- look down
- neuter
- outside
- pass
- poised
- pounce
- provide for
- rat
- respectively
- retract
- Siamese cat
- split
- spring
- stray
- tabby
- thank
- tomcat
- tortoiseshell
- whisker
- bite
- catch
- foot
- in
- Siamese
- sleep
- tom
- wild
* * *gato, -a♦ nm,f1. [animal] cat;Famdar gato por liebre a alguien to swindle o cheat sb;Famaquí hay gato encerrado there's something fishy going on here;Famllevarse el gato al agua to pull it off;Famcuatro gatos, RP [m5]cuatro gatos locos: sólo había cuatro gatos there was hardly a soul there;Espnos apuntamos cuatro gatos hardly anyone signed up for it;Famdefenderse/resistir como gato panza arriba to defend oneself/resist tooth and nail;Famtener más vidas que un gato to have nine lives;Famcuando el gato duerme, bailan los ratones when the cat's away the mice will play;gato escaldado (del agua fría huye) once bitten twice shygato de algalia civet;gato de Angora Angora cat;el gato con botas Puss in Boots;gato montés wildcat;gato persa Persian cat;gato siamés Siamese cat♦ nm1. Aut jack2. [danza] = Argentine folk dance* * *m1 ZO cat;aquí hay gato encerrado fam there’s something fishy going on here fam ;cuatro gatos a handful of people;dar gato por liebre a alguien fam con s.o. fam ;llevarse el gato al agua fig fam pull it off fam ;gato escaldado del agua fría huye once bitten, twice shy;de noche todos los gatos son pardos all cats look gray in the dark;lavarse a lo gato fig have a quick wash, have a cat lick2 AUTO jacknoughts and crosses sg* * *gato, -ta n: catgato nm: jack (for an automobile)* * *gato n1. (animal) cat2. (para el coche) jack -
34 Tikkun olam
(Hebrew) Repairing the world.The phenomenon "is important in Judaism and is often used to explain the Jewish concept of social justice. In some explanations, the more mitzvot that are performed, the closer the world will be towards perfection. Some Jews believe that acts of tikkun olam will either trigger or fulfill the prophesied coming of the Moshiach (messiah) or messianic age (the World to Come). The belief in tikkun olam is also central to the Zohar ("Book of Splendor"), the most important book in kabbalah" (Wikipedia). Fot some people, the term offers the motivation for involvement in social justice work. It is used to describe efforts as diverse as teaching Torah, volunteering for social service agencies, raising money for Israel, and supporting the creation of a Palestinian state. As a post-biblical term, tikkun olam neither appears in a prophetic book nor constitutes one of the mitzvot. However, as this concept has come to be equated both with a general call to justice, and with specific philanthropic and volunteer activities, the definition of tikkun olam has been merged with those of tzedakah (financial support of the poor), gmilut hasadim (acts of loving kindness), and tzedek (justice).So, the four primary definitions of tikkun olam in Jewish history are: the anticipation of the divine kingdom in the Aleynu prayer; the midrashic call to preserve the physical world; the rabbinic desire to sustain the social order; and the Lurianic belief in our power to restore divine perfection. This definition may occupy a space between a limited definition of tikkun olam as relating only to a specific theology or legal process and an expansive definition that equates tikkun olam with any type of social action or social justice work. -
35 запускать
. включать•The computer triggers the N2 laser.
•The relay serves to actuate (or energize) the dial mechanism of the clock.
•The incoming start pulse fires the start blocking oscillator.
•A controlled system that contains only inertia, or an analogous quantity, will keep moving forever once it has been set in motion.
•The laser plasma is only the catalyst that serves to turn on (or trigger) the steady-state fusion process.
•Chemical reactions can be initiated in less than a nanosecond by means of high-power pulsed laser.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > запускать
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36 Anlass
m; -es, Anlässe1. (Gelegenheit, Ereignis) occasion; (Vorkommnis) incident; ein besonderer Anlass a special occasion; festlicher Anlass festive occasion, special celebration; bei diesem Anlass on this occasion; dem Anlass entsprechend to suit ( oder fit) the occasion; aus Anlass (+ Gen) on the occasion of; aus diesem Anlass to mark the occasion; den / jeden Anlass ergreifen ( oder benutzen), um zu (+ Inf.) seize the / every opportunity ( oder take the / every occasion) to (+ Inf.)2. (Grund, Ursache) motive, reason, cause, grounds Pl. ( für oder zu for; zu + Inf. for + Ger.); der äußere Anlass the apparent ( oder supposed) reason; aus diesem Anlass for this reason, on these grounds; aus gegebenem Anlass because of the circumstances, for the reason given; ( den) Anlass geben zu give rise ( oder occasion) to; etw. gibt zu denken Anlass s.th. is a cause for concern; jemandem Anlass geben zu give s.o. cause ( oder reason) for (+ Ger.) ohne jeden Anlass for no reason at all; allen Anlass haben zu (+ Inf.) / zu etw. have every reason to (+ Inf.) / for s.th; etw. zum Anlass nehmen zu (+ Inf.) use s.th. as an opportunity (pej. excuse) to (+ Inf.) ich möchte diese Zusammenkunft etc. zum Anlass nehmen zu (+ Inf.) I’d like to take this occasion ( oder take advantage of this opportunity) to (+ Inf.) beim geringsten Anlass feiern etc. use any excuse to celebrate etc.; er beschwert sich beim geringsten Anlass he complains about every little thing* * *der Anlass(Gelegenheit) occasion;(Grund) cause; ground; subject; reason* * *Ạn|lass ['anlas]m -es, A\#nlässe1) [-lɛsə](= Veranlassung) (immediate) cause (zu for)zum Anlass von etw werden — to bring sth about, to trigger sth off
das war zwar nicht der Grund aber der Anlass — that wasn't the real reason but that's what finally brought it about or triggered it off
welchen Anlass hatte er, das zu tun? — what prompted him to do that?
er hat keinen Anlass zur Freude — he has no cause or reason or grounds for rejoicing
es besteht kein Anlass... — there is no reason...
etw zum Anlass nehmen, zu... — to use sth as an opportunity to...
bei jedem Anlass — at every opportunity
jdm Anlass zu Beschwerden geben, jdm Anlass geben, sich zu beschweren — to give sb reason or cause or grounds for complaint or for complaining
2) (= Gelegenheit) occasionaus Anlass (+gen) — on the occasion of
aus gegebenem Anlass — in view of the occasion
aus diesem Anlass — on this occasion
dem Anlass entsprechend — as befits the occasion, as is befitting to the occasion
3) (Sw = Lustbarkeit) social* * *An·lassRR<-es, -lässe>An·laßALT<-sses, -lässe>[ˈanlas, pl ˈanlɛsə]m1. (unmittelbarer Grund) reasonihr Geburtstag war der geeignete \Anlass, mal wieder zu feiern her birthday was the perfect excuse for another party▪ ein/kein \Anlass, etw zu tun a/no reason to do sthes besteht \Anlass zu etw dat there are grounds [or is cause] for sthjdm \Anlass geben, etw zu tun to give sb grounds to do stheinen/keinen \Anlass haben, etw zu tun to have grounds/no grounds to do sthein \Anlass [für jdn] sein, etw zu tun to be a [good] excuse [for sb] to do sthetw zum \Anlass nehmen, etw zu tun to use sth as an opportunity to do sthaus bestimmtem \Anlass for a certain type of reasonund aus diesem \Anlass and for this reasonaus besonderem \Anlass fällt der Spielfilm aus due to unforeseen circumstances we will not be able to show the filmaus keinem besonderen \Anlass for no particular reasonaus gegebenem \Anlass with good reason2. (Gelegenheit) occasiondem \Anlass entsprechend to fit the occasionsie war immer dem \Anlass entsprechend angezogen she was always dressed for the occasionbeim geringsten \Anlass at the slightest opportunitybei jedem \Anlass at every opportunity* * *der; Anlasses, Anlässe1) (Ausgangspunkt, Grund) cause (zu for)etwas zum Anlass nehmen, etwas zu tun — use or take something as an opportunity to do something
Anlass zur Sorge/Beunruhigung/Klage geben — give cause for concern/unease/complaint
beim geringsten/kleinsten Anlass — for the slightest reason
2) (Gelegenheit) occasion* * *ein besonderer Anlass a special occasion;festlicher Anlass festive occasion, special celebration;bei diesem Anlass on this occasion;dem Anlass entsprechend to suit ( oder fit) the occasion;aus Anlass (+gen) on the occasion of;aus diesem Anlass to mark the occasion;den/jeden Anlass ergreifen ( oderbenutzen),zu for;zu +inf for +ger);der äußere Anlass the apparent ( oder supposed) reason;aus diesem Anlass for this reason, on these grounds;aus gegebenem Anlass because of the circumstances, for the reason given;etwas gibt zu denken Anlass sth is a cause for concern;ohne jeden Anlass for no reason at all;allen Anlass haben zu (+inf)/zu etwas have every reason to (+inf)/for s.th;zum Anlass nehmen zu (+inf) I’d like to take this occasion ( oder take advantage of this opportunity) to (+inf)er beschwert sich beim geringsten Anlass he complains about every little thing* * *der; Anlasses, Anlässe1) (Ausgangspunkt, Grund) cause (zu for)etwas zum Anlass nehmen, etwas zu tun — use or take something as an opportunity to do something
Anlass zur Sorge/Beunruhigung/Klage geben — give cause for concern/unease/complaint
beim geringsten/kleinsten Anlass — for the slightest reason
2) (Gelegenheit) occasion* * *-¨e m.cause n.occasion n.reason n. -
37 Vorstellung
f2. THEAT. performance, show; Film: show(ing); die letzte Vorstellung Kino: the last showing; eine starke / schwache Vorstellung geben bes. SPORT give a strong / weak performance; nur eine kurze Vorstellung geben umg., fig. not stay long3. (Begriff) idea; (Bild) auch image; falsche Vorstellung wrong idea, misconception; sich (Dat) eine ( klare) Vorstellung machen von form a (clear) picture of, get an ( oder a proper) idea of; ist das deine Vorstellung von...? is that your idea of...?; ( nicht) jemandes Vorstellungen entsprechen (not) be exactly what s.o. has in mind; haben Sie Vorstellungen bezüglich des Gehalts etc.? do you have anything in mind in terms of salary etc.?; in meiner Vorstellung the way I imagine ( oder see) it; du hast manchmal komische Vorstellungen you ('do) have some strange ideas; du machst dir keine Vorstellung! you’ve no idea; das geht über alle Vorstellung the mind boggles* * *die Vorstellung(Aufführung) performance;(Bekanntmachung) introduction;(Gedanke) notion; concept; idea* * *Vor|stel|lungfin meiner Vórstellung sah das größer aus — I imagined it bigger
in meiner Vórstellung ist Gott kein alter Mann — I don't picture God as an old man
du hast falsche Vórstellungen — you are wrong (in your ideas)
es übertrifft alle Vórstellungen — it's incredible or unbelievable
das entspricht ganz meiner Vórstellung — that is just how I imagined or saw it
eine Vórstellung von etw machen — to form an idea or (Bild) picture of sth
du machst dir keine Vórstellung, wie schwierig das ist — you have no idea how difficult that is
2) (THEAT ETC) performance; (FILM) showing, performance3) (= das Bekanntmachen) (zwischen Leuten) introduction; (bei Hofe) presentation (bei at); (= Vorführung von Geräten, neuem Artikel etc) presentation; (bei Bewerbung, Antrittsbesuch) interview (bei with)4) (= Einwand) objection, protest* * *die1) (an idea grasped or understood: We can have no conception of the size of the universe.) conception2) (something imagined: He had a sudden fancy that he could see Spring approaching.) fancy3) (mental picture: This will give you an idea of what I mean.) idea4) (mental picture: I have an image of the place in my mind.) image5) ((the part of the mind which has) the ability to form mental pictures: I can see it all in my imagination.) imagination6) (an act of introducing one person to another: The hostess made the introductions and everyone shook hands.) introduction7) (an uncertain belief; an idea: He has some very odd notions.) notion8) (something done on stage etc: The company gave a performance of `Othello'; His last three performances have not been very good.) performance9) (a performance, or set of repeated performances, of a play, opera etc: This is the best presentation of `Macbeth' that I've ever seen.) presentation* * *Vor·stel·lungf1. (gedankliches Bild) ideabestimmte Gerüche können beim Menschen immer die gleichen \Vorstellungen auslösen certain smells [can] always trigger the same thoughts in peoplein jds \Vorstellung in sb's mindgewiss ist sie jetzt älter, aber in meiner \Vorstellung bewahre ich ihr Bild als junge, hübsche Frau she may be older now, but in my mind's eye I still see her as a pretty young womanjds \Vorstellungen entsprechen to meet sb's requirementsdieser Pullover entspricht genau meinen \Vorstellungen this jumper is just what I'm looking fordas Gehalt entspricht nicht ganz meinen \Vorstellungen the salary doesn't quite match [up to] my expectationsdas Produkt wurde genau nach unseren \Vorstellungen entwickelt the product was designed to match our requirements [or specifications] exactlyfalsche \Vorstellungen haben to have false hopesunrealistische \Vorstellungen haben to have unrealistic expectationsalle \Vorstellungen übertreffen to be almost inconceivable [to the human mind] [or beyond the [powers of] imagination of the human mind]Traumstrände hatten wir erwartet, aber die Realität übertraf alle \Vorstellungen we expected [to find] beautiful beaches, but the reality exceeded all our expectations [or was beyond [all] our wildest dreams4. (Vorstellungsgespräch) interview* * *1) (Begriff) ideaer macht sich (Dat.) keine Vorstellung [davon], welche Mühe das kostet — he has no idea how much effort that costs
das entspricht ganz/nicht meinen Vorstellungen — that is exactly/not what I had in mind
2) o. Pl. (Fantasie) imagination3) (Aufführung) performance; (im Kino) showingeine schwache Vorstellung geben — (fig.) perform badly
4) (das Bekanntmachen) introduction5) (Präsentation) presentation6) (bei Bewerbung) interview* * *bei with)2. THEAT performance, show; FILM show(ing);die letzte Vorstellung Kino: the last showing;nur eine kurze Vorstellung geben umg, fig not stay longfalsche Vorstellung wrong idea, misconception;sich (dat)eine (klare) Vorstellung machen von form a (clear) picture of, get an ( oder a proper) idea of;ist das deine Vorstellung von …? is that your idea of …?;(nicht) jemandes Vorstellungen entsprechen (not) be exactly what sb has in mind;haben Sie Vorstellungen bezüglich des Gehalts etc? do you have anything in mind in terms of salary etc?;in meiner Vorstellung the way I imagine ( oder see) it;du hast manchmal komische Vorstellungen you ('do) have some strange ideas;du machst dir keine Vorstellung! you’ve no idea;das geht über alle Vorstellung the mind boggles4.jemandem Vorstellungen machen remonstrate with sb (wegen about)* * *1) (Begriff) ideaer macht sich (Dat.) keine Vorstellung [davon], welche Mühe das kostet — he has no idea how much effort that costs
das entspricht ganz/nicht meinen Vorstellungen — that is exactly/not what I had in mind
2) o. Pl. (Fantasie) imagination3) (Aufführung) performance; (im Kino) showingeine schwache Vorstellung geben — (fig.) perform badly
4) (das Bekanntmachen) introduction5) (Präsentation) presentation6) (bei Bewerbung) interview* * *f.association n.conceivability n.conception n.idea n.imagination n.perception n.performance (theatre) n.show (cinema) n. -
38 vorstellung
f2. THEAT. performance, show; Film: show(ing); die letzte Vorstellung Kino: the last showing; eine starke / schwache Vorstellung geben bes. SPORT give a strong / weak performance; nur eine kurze Vorstellung geben umg., fig. not stay long3. (Begriff) idea; (Bild) auch image; falsche Vorstellung wrong idea, misconception; sich (Dat) eine ( klare) Vorstellung machen von form a (clear) picture of, get an ( oder a proper) idea of; ist das deine Vorstellung von...? is that your idea of...?; ( nicht) jemandes Vorstellungen entsprechen (not) be exactly what s.o. has in mind; haben Sie Vorstellungen bezüglich des Gehalts etc.? do you have anything in mind in terms of salary etc.?; in meiner Vorstellung the way I imagine ( oder see) it; du hast manchmal komische Vorstellungen you ('do) have some strange ideas; du machst dir keine Vorstellung! you’ve no idea; das geht über alle Vorstellung the mind boggles* * *die Vorstellung(Aufführung) performance;(Bekanntmachung) introduction;(Gedanke) notion; concept; idea* * *Vor|stel|lungfin meiner Vórstellung sah das größer aus — I imagined it bigger
in meiner Vórstellung ist Gott kein alter Mann — I don't picture God as an old man
du hast falsche Vórstellungen — you are wrong (in your ideas)
es übertrifft alle Vórstellungen — it's incredible or unbelievable
das entspricht ganz meiner Vórstellung — that is just how I imagined or saw it
eine Vórstellung von etw machen — to form an idea or (Bild) picture of sth
du machst dir keine Vórstellung, wie schwierig das ist — you have no idea how difficult that is
2) (THEAT ETC) performance; (FILM) showing, performance3) (= das Bekanntmachen) (zwischen Leuten) introduction; (bei Hofe) presentation (bei at); (= Vorführung von Geräten, neuem Artikel etc) presentation; (bei Bewerbung, Antrittsbesuch) interview (bei with)4) (= Einwand) objection, protest* * *die1) (an idea grasped or understood: We can have no conception of the size of the universe.) conception2) (something imagined: He had a sudden fancy that he could see Spring approaching.) fancy3) (mental picture: This will give you an idea of what I mean.) idea4) (mental picture: I have an image of the place in my mind.) image5) ((the part of the mind which has) the ability to form mental pictures: I can see it all in my imagination.) imagination6) (an act of introducing one person to another: The hostess made the introductions and everyone shook hands.) introduction7) (an uncertain belief; an idea: He has some very odd notions.) notion8) (something done on stage etc: The company gave a performance of `Othello'; His last three performances have not been very good.) performance9) (a performance, or set of repeated performances, of a play, opera etc: This is the best presentation of `Macbeth' that I've ever seen.) presentation* * *Vor·stel·lungf1. (gedankliches Bild) ideabestimmte Gerüche können beim Menschen immer die gleichen \Vorstellungen auslösen certain smells [can] always trigger the same thoughts in peoplein jds \Vorstellung in sb's mindgewiss ist sie jetzt älter, aber in meiner \Vorstellung bewahre ich ihr Bild als junge, hübsche Frau she may be older now, but in my mind's eye I still see her as a pretty young womanjds \Vorstellungen entsprechen to meet sb's requirementsdieser Pullover entspricht genau meinen \Vorstellungen this jumper is just what I'm looking fordas Gehalt entspricht nicht ganz meinen \Vorstellungen the salary doesn't quite match [up to] my expectationsdas Produkt wurde genau nach unseren \Vorstellungen entwickelt the product was designed to match our requirements [or specifications] exactlyfalsche \Vorstellungen haben to have false hopesunrealistische \Vorstellungen haben to have unrealistic expectationsalle \Vorstellungen übertreffen to be almost inconceivable [to the human mind] [or beyond the [powers of] imagination of the human mind]Traumstrände hatten wir erwartet, aber die Realität übertraf alle \Vorstellungen we expected [to find] beautiful beaches, but the reality exceeded all our expectations [or was beyond [all] our wildest dreams4. (Vorstellungsgespräch) interview* * *1) (Begriff) ideaer macht sich (Dat.) keine Vorstellung [davon], welche Mühe das kostet — he has no idea how much effort that costs
das entspricht ganz/nicht meinen Vorstellungen — that is exactly/not what I had in mind
2) o. Pl. (Fantasie) imagination3) (Aufführung) performance; (im Kino) showingeine schwache Vorstellung geben — (fig.) perform badly
4) (das Bekanntmachen) introduction5) (Präsentation) presentation6) (bei Bewerbung) interview* * *…vorstellung f im subst1. THEAT etc:Kindervorstellung childrens’ show;Wohltätigkeitsvorstellung charity performance2. (Idee, Wunsch):Gehaltsvorstellung desired salary;Preisvorstellung desired price;Glücksvorstellung idea of happiness* * *1) (Begriff) ideaer macht sich (Dat.) keine Vorstellung [davon], welche Mühe das kostet — he has no idea how much effort that costs
das entspricht ganz/nicht meinen Vorstellungen — that is exactly/not what I had in mind
2) o. Pl. (Fantasie) imagination3) (Aufführung) performance; (im Kino) showingeine schwache Vorstellung geben — (fig.) perform badly
4) (das Bekanntmachen) introduction5) (Präsentation) presentation6) (bei Bewerbung) interview* * *f.association n.conceivability n.conception n.idea n.imagination n.perception n.performance (theatre) n.show (cinema) n. -
39 спускать
спустить (вн.)1. ( отпускать) let* / get* down (d.), lower (d.), down (d.); (о занавеске и т. п.) pull / draw* down (d.)спускать флаг — lower a flag; мор. haul down the ensign; ( как знак капитуляции) strike* (the colours)
3. (выпускать, освободив от чего-л.) release (d.)спускать с цепи — unchain (d.), let* loose (d.)
спускать воду из пруда — drain a pond
спустить директиву — send* out a directive
♢
спускать курок — pull the triggerспустить петлю — drop a stitch
спускать с лестницы разг. — kick downstairs (d.)
спустя рукава разг. — in a slipshod manner, carelessly
не спускать глаз с кого-л. — ( любоваться) not take* one's eyes off smb., keep* one's eyes glued on smb.; ( не выпускать из виду) not let smb. out of one's sight
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40 chauffage
chauffage [∫ofaʒ]masculine noun• chauffage au charbon/au gaz/à l'électricité solid fuel/gas/electric heating* * *ʃofaʒnom masculin1) ( chaleur artificielle) heating2) ( installations) heating3) ( appareil) heaterchauffage d'appoint — extra heater GB, space heater US
4) ( élévation de la température) heating* * *ʃofaʒ nmLe chauffage est en panne. — The heating isn't working.
* * *chauffage nm1 ( utilisation de chaleur artificielle) heating; le chauffage est facturé en sus de la location/n'est pas compris dans le loyer heating is on top of the rent/isn't included in the rent; une chambre sans chauffage an unheated bedroom; on dépense trop pour le chauffage the heating costs are too high; mettre/allumer le chauffage to put/to turn the heating on; arrêter le chauffage to turn the heating off; le chauffage de notre maison coûte très cher the house is very expensive to heat; pour le chauffage des serres on utilise une source d'eau chaude a hot spring is used to heat the greenhouses;2 ( installations) heating; chauffage central/au gaz/par le sol central/gas/underfloor heating; notre voisin/leur maison n'a pas le chauffage our neighbourGB/their house has no heating; le chauffage est en panne the heating has broken down; on a rénové le chauffage de l'église the heating system in the church has been modernized; l'installation du chauffage prendra un mois it will take a month to install the heating;4 ( élévation de la température) heating; après un léger chauffage, le colorant vire au rouge after heating gently, the colouringGB turns to red; il suffit d'un léger chauffage pour que la réaction se produise it is only necessary to heat gently to trigger the reaction; par un chauffage continu à 180°C by continuously heating at 180°C.[ʃofaʒ] nom masculin1. [d'un lieu] heating2. [installation, système] heating (system)baisser/monter le chauffagea. [dans une maison] to turn the heating down/upb. [en voiture] to turn the heater down/upchauffage central/urbain central/district heatingchauffage électrique/solaire electric/solar heatingchauffage au gaz/au mazout gas-fired/oil-fired heating
См. также в других словарях:
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