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  • 81 ἄν

    ἄν (A), [pron. full] [ᾰ], [dialect] Ep., Lyr., [dialect] Ion., Arc., [dialect] Att.; also κεν) [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Aeol., Thess., κᾱ [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Boeot., El.; the two combined in [dialect] Ep. (infr. D. 11.2) and Arc.,
    A

    εἰκ ἄν IG5(2).6.2

    , 15 (iv B. C.):—modal Particle used with Verbs to indicate that the action is limited by circumstances or defined by conditions. In Hom. κε is four times as common as ἄν, in Lyr. about equally common. No clear distinction can be traced, but κε as an enclitic is somewhat less emphatic; ἄν is preferred by Hom. in negative clauses, κε ([etym.] ν) with the relative.
    A In Simple Sentences, and in the Apodosis of Compound Sentences; here ἄν belongs to the Verb, and denotes that the assertion made by the Verb is dependent on a condition, expressed or implied: thus ἦλθεν he came, ἦλθεν ἄν he would have come (under conditions, which may or may not be defined), and so he might have come; ἔλθοι may he come, ἔλθοι ἄν he would come (under certain conditions), and so he might come.
    I WITH INDICATIVE:
    1 with historical tenses, generally [tense] impf. and [tense] aor., less freq. [tense] plpf., never [tense] pf., v. infr.,
    a most freq. in apodosis of conditional sentences, with protasis implying nonfulfilment of a past or present condition, and apod. expressing what would be or would have been the case if the condition were or had been fulfilled. The [tense] impf. with ἄν refers to continued action, in Hom. always in past time, exc. perh.

    καί κε θάμ' ἐνθάδ' ἐόντες ἐμισγόμεθ' Od.4

    . 178; later also in [tense] pres. time, first in Thgn.905; πολὺ ἂν θαυμαστότερον ἦν, εἰ ἐτιμῶντο it would be far more strange if they were honoured, Pl.R. 489a; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he would not have been master of islands if he had not had also some naval power, Th.1.9. The [tense] aor. strictly refers only to past time, Pi.N.11.24, etc.; εἰ τότε ταύτην ἔσχε τὴν γνώμην, οὐδὲν ἂν ὧν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν ἔπραξεν if he had then come to this opinion, he would have accomplished nothing of what he has now done, D.4.5, al., but is used idiomatically with Verbs of saying, answering, etc., as we say I should have said,

    εἰ μὴ πατὴρ ἦσθ', εἶπον ἄν σ' οὐκ εὖ φρονεῖν S.Ant. 755

    , cf. Pl.Smp. 199d, Euthphr. 12d, etc.: the [tense] plpf. refers to completed actions, as ὃ εἰ ἀπεκρίνω, ἱκανῶς ἂν ἤδη παρὰ σοῦ τὴν ὁσιότητα ἐμεμαθήκη I should have already learnt.., ib. 14c;

    εἰ ὁ ἀνὴρ ἀπέθανεν, δικαίως ἂν ἐτεθνήκει Antipho 4.2.3

    .
    c with no definite protasis understood, to express what would have been likely to happen, or might have happened in past time: ἢ γάρ μιν ζωόν γε κιχήσεαι, ἤ κεν Ὀρέστης κτεῖνεν ὑποφθάμενος for either you will find him alive, or else Orestes may already have killed him before you, Od.4.546; ὃ θεασάμενος πᾶς ἄν τις ἀνὴρ ἠράσθη δάϊος εἶναι every man who saw this (the 'Seven against Thebes') would have longed to be a warrior, Ar. Ra. 1022; esp. with τάχα, q. v., ἀλλ' ἦλθε μὲν δὴ τοῦτο τοὔνειδος τάχ' ἂν ὀργῇ βιασθὲν μᾶλλον ἢ γνώμῃ φρενῶν, i. e. it might perhaps have come, S.OT 523; τάχα ἂν δὲ καὶ ἄλλως πως ἐσπλεύσαντες (sc. διέβησαν ) and they might also perhaps have crossed by sea (to Sicily) in some other way, Th.6.2, cf. Pl.Phdr. 265b.
    d ἄν is freq. omitted in apodosi with Verbs expressing obligation, propriety, or possibility, as ἔδει, ἐχρῆν, εἰκὸς ἦν, etc., and sts. for rhetorical effect, εἰ μὴ.. ᾖσμεν, φόβον παρέσχεν it had caused (for it would have caused) fear, E.Hec. 1113. This use becomes more common in later Gk.
    2 with [tense] fut. ind.:
    a frequently in [dialect] Ep., usu. with κεν, rarely ἄν, Il.9.167, 22.66, indicating a limitation or condition, ὁ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι and he will likely be angry to whom- soever I shall come, ib.1.139; καί κέ τις ὧδ' ἐρέει and in that case men will say, 4.176;

    ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι καταλέξω Od.3.80

    ; so in Lyr.,

    μαθὼν δέ τις ἂν ἐρεῖ Pi.N.7.68

    , cf. I.6(5).59.
    b rarely in codd. of [dialect] Att. Prose writers,

    σαφὲς ἂν καταστήσετε Th.1.140

    ;

    οὐχ ἥκει, οὐδ' ἂν ἥξει δεῦρο Pl.R. 615d

    , cf. Ap. 29c, X.An.2.5.13; dub. in Hp.Mul.2.174: in later Prose, Philostr. V A2.21, S E.M.9.225: also in Poetry, E.El. 484, Ar.Av. 1313;

    οὐκ ἂν προδώσω Herod.6.36

     (corr. - δοίην):— for ἄν with [tense] fut. inf. and part. v. infr.
    II WITH SUBJUNCTIVE, only in [dialect] Ep., the meaning being the same as with the [tense] fut. ind. (1.2a), freq. with [ per.] 1st pers., as εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώῃσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι in that case I will take her myself, Il.1.324; πείθευ, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι εἰδέω χάριν obey and if so I will be grateful, 14.235 (the subj. is always introduced by δέ in this usage); also with other persons, giving emphasis to the future,

    οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις 3.54

    , al.
    III WITH OPTATIVE (never [tense] fut., rarely [tense] pf. πῶς ἂν λελήθοι [με]; X.Smp.3.6):
    a in apodosis of conditional sentences, after protasis in opt. with εἰ or some other conditional or relative word, expressing a [tense] fut. condition:

    ἀλλ' εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28

    ;

    οὐ πολλὴ ἂν ἀλογία εἴη, εἰ φοβοῖτο τὸν θάνατον; Pl.Phd. 68b

    :—in Hom. [tense] pres. and [tense] aor. opt. with κε or ἄν are sts. used like [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. ind. with ἄν in Attic, with either regular ind. or another opt. in the protasis: καί νύ κεν ἔνθ' ἀπόλοιτο.. εἰ μὴ.. νόησε κτλ., i. e. he would have perished, had she not perceived, etc., Il.5.311, cf. 5.388, 17.70; εἰ νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ.. κλισίηνδε φεροίμην if we were now contending in another's honour, I should now carry.., ib.23.274: so rarely in Trag., οὐδ' ἂν σὺ φαίης, εἴ σε μὴ κνίζοι λέχος (for εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568.
    b with protasis in [tense] pres. or [tense] fut., the opt. with ἄν in apodosi takes a simply future sense: φρούριον δ' εἰ ποιήσονται, τῆς μὲν γῆς βλάπτοιεν ἄν τι μέρος they might perhaps damage, Th.1.142, cf. 2.60, Pl.Ap. 25b, R. 333e;

    ἢν οὖν μάθῃς.. οὐκ ἂν ἀποδοίην Ar.Nu. 116

    , cf. D.1.26, al.
    c with protasis understood:

    φεύγωμεν· ἔτι γάρ κεν ἀλύξαιμεν κακὸν ἦμαρ Od.10.269

    ; οὔτε ἐσθίουσι πλείω ἢ δύνανται φέρειν· διαρραγεῖεν γὰρ ἄν for (if they should do so) they would burst, X. Cyr.8.2.21; τὸν δ' οὔ κε δύ' ἀνέρε.. ἀπ' οὔδεος ὀχλίσσειαν two men could not heave the stone from the ground, i. e. would not, if they should try, Il.12.447;

    οὐδ' ἂν δικαίως ἐς κακὸν πέσοιμί τι S.Ant. 240

    , cf. D.2.8: in Hom. sts. with ref. to past time,

    Τυδεΐδην οὐκ ἂν γνοίης ποτέροισι μετείη Il.5.85

    .
    d with no definite protasis implied, in potential sense: ἡδέως δ' ἂν ἐροίμην Λεπτίνην but I would gladly ask Leptines, D.20.129; βουλοίμην ἄν I should like , Lat. velim (but ἐβουλόμην ἄν I should wish, if it were of any avail, vellem); ποῖ οὖν τραποίμεθ' ἄν; which way then can we turn? Pl.Euthd. 290a; οὐκ ἂν μεθείμην τοῦ θρόνου I will not give up the throne, Ar.Ra. 830; idiomatically, referring to the past, αὗται δὲ οὐκ ἂν πολλαὶ εἶεν but these would not (on investigation) prove to be many, Th.1.9; εἴησαν δ' ἂν οὗτοι Κρῆτες these would be (i. e. would have been) Cretans, Hdt.1.2: used in order to soften assertions by giving them a less positive form, as οὐκ ἂν οὖν πάνυ γέ τι σπουδαῖον εἴη ἡ δικαιοσύνη, i.e. it would not prove to be, etc. (for, it is not, etc.), Pl.R. 333e.
    e in questions, expressing a wish:

    τίς ἂν θεῶν.. δοίη; S.OC 1100

    , cf.A.Ag. 1448;

    πῶς ἂν θάνοιμι; S.Aj. 389

    : hence (with no question) as a mild command, exhortation, or entreaty,

    τλαίης κεν Μενελάῳ ἐπιπροέμεν ταχὺν ἰόν Il.4.94

    ; σὺ μὲν κομίζοις ἂν σεαυτὸν ᾗ θέλεις you may take yourself off (milder than κόμιζε σεαυτόν), S.Ant. 444; χωροῖς ἂν εἴσω you may go in, El. 1491; κλύοις ἂν ἤδη, Φοῖβε hear me now, Phoebus, ib. 637; φράζοις ἄν, λέγοις ἄν, Pl.Phlb. 23c, 48b.
    f in a protasis which is also an apodosis: εἴπερ ἄλλῳ τῳ ἀνθρώπων πειθοίμην ἄν, καὶ σοὶ πείθομαι if I would trust any (other) man (if he gave me his word), I trust you, Id.Prt. 329b; εἰ μὴ ποιήσαιτ' ἂν τοῦτο if you would not do this (if you could), D.4.18, cf. X.Mem.1.5.3, Plot.6.4.16.
    g rarely omitted with opt. in apodosis:

    ῥεῖα θεός γ' ἐθέλων καὶ τηλόθεν ἄνδρα σαώσαι Od.3.231

    , cf. 14.123, Il.5.303; also in Trag.,

    θᾶσσον ἢ λέγοι τις E.Hipp. 1186

    ;

    τεὰν δύνασιν τίς.. κατάσχοι; S.Ant. 605

    .
    h ἄν c. [tense] fut. opt. is prob. always corrupt (cf. 1.2b), as τὸν αὐτὸν ἂν ἐπαινέσοι ( ἐπαινέσαι Bekk.) Pl.Lg. 719e; εἰδὼς ὅτι οὐδέν' ἂν καταλήψοιτο ( οὐδένα Bekk.) Lys.1.22.
    IV WITH INF. and PART. (sts. ADJ. equivalent to part.,

    τῶν δυνατῶν ἂν κρῖναι Pl.R. 577b

    ) representing ind. or opt.:
    1 [tense] pres. inf. or part.:
    a representing [tense] impf. ind., οἴεσθε τὸν πατέρα.. οὐκ ἂν φυλάττειν; do you think he would not have kept them safe? ([etym.] οὐκ ἂν ἐφύλαττεν), D.49.35; ἀδυνάτων ἂν ὄντων [ὑμῶν] ἐπιβοηθεῖν when you would have been unable, Th.1.73, cf. 4.40.
    2 [tense] aor. inf. or part.:
    a representing [tense] aor. ind., οὐκ ἂν ἡγεῖσθ' αὐτὸν κἂν ἐπιδραμεῖν; do you not think he would even have run thither? ([etym.] καὶ ἐπέδραμεν ἄν), D.27.56; ἴσμεν ὑμᾶς ἀναγκασθέντας ἄν we know you would have been compelled, Th.1.76, cf. 3.89; ῥᾳδίως ἂν ἀφεθείς when he might easily have been acquitted, X.Mem.4.4.4.
    b representing [tense] aor. opt., οὐδ' ἂν κρατῆσαι αὐτοὺς τῆς γῆς ἡγοῦμαι I think they would not even be masters of the land ([etym.] οὐδ' ἂν κρατήσειαν), Th.6.37, cf. 2.20; ὁρῶν ῥᾳδίως ἂν αὐτὸ ληφθέν ([etym.] ληφθείη ἄν) Id.7.42; οὔτε ὄντα οὔτε ἂν γενόμενα, i.e. things which are not and never could happen ([etym.] ἃ οὔτε ἂν γένοιτο), Id.6.38.
    3 [tense] pf. inf. or part. representing:
    a [tense] plpf. ind., πάντα ταῦθ' ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἂν ἑαλωκέναι ([etym.] φήσειεν ἄν ) he would say that all these would have been destroyed by the barbarians ([etym.] ἑαλώκη ἄν), D.19.312.
    b [tense] pf. opt., οὐκ ἂν ἡγοῦμαι αὐτοὺς δίκην ἀξίαν δεδωκέναι, εἰ.. καταψηφίσαισθε I do not believe they would (then) have suffered ([etym.] δεδωκότες ἂν εἶεν) punishment enough, etc., Lys.27.9.
    4 [tense] fut. inf.or part., never in [dialect] Ep., and prob. always corrupt in [dialect] Att., νομίζων μέγιστον ἂν σφᾶς ὠφελήσειν (leg. - ῆσαι) Th.5.82, cf. 6.66, 8.25,71; part. is still more exceptional,

    ὡς ἐμοῦ οὐκ ἂν ποιήσοντος ἄλλα Pl.Ap. 30c

     (codd.), cf. D.19.342 (v. l.); both are found in later Gk.,

    νομίσαντες ἂν οἰκήσειν οὕτως ἄριστα Plb.8.30.8

    , cf. Plu.Marc.15, Arr.An.2.2.3; with part., Epicur. Nat.14.1, Luc.Asin.26, Lib.Or.62.21, dub. l. in Arr.An.6.6.5.
    I In the protasis of conditional sentences with εἰ, regularly with the subjunctive. In Attic εἰ ἄν is contracted into ἐάν, ἤν, or ἄν ([etym.] ᾱ) (q. v.): Hom. has generally εἴ κε (or αἴ κε), sts. ἤν, once

    εἰ δ' ἄν Il.3.288

    , twice

    εἴπερ ἄν 5.224

    , 232. The protasis expresses either future condition (with apod. of [tense] fut. time) or general condition (with apod. of repeated action): εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἔρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' ὅς .. if thus thou shalt do.., ib.2.364; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death (ever) come near.., E.Alc. 671.
    2 in relative or temporal clauses with a conditional force; here ἄν coalesces with ὅτε, ὁπότε, ἐπεί, ἐπειδή, cf. ὅταν, ὁπόταν, ἐπήν or ἐπάν ([dialect] Ion. ἐπεάν) , ἐπειδάν: Hom. has ὅτε κε (sts. ὅτ' ἄν) , ὁππότε κε (sts. ὁπότ' ἄν or ὁππότ' ἄν) , ἐπεί κε (

    ἐπεὶ ἄν Il.6.412

    ), ἐπήν, εὖτ' ἄν; v. also εἰσόκε ([etym.] εἰς ὅ κε):—τάων ἥν κ' ἐθέλωμι φίλην ποιήσομ' ἄκοιτιν whomsoever of these I may wish.., Il.9.397; ὅταν δὴ μὴ σθένω, πεπαύσομαι when I shall have no strength.., S.Ant.91; ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος.. ὅς χ' ἕτερον μὲν κεύθῃ ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἄλλο δὲ εἴπῃ who ever conceals one thing in his mind and speaks another, Il.9.312, cf. D.4.6, Th.1.21. —Hom. uses subj. in both the above constructions (1 and 2 ) without ἄν; also Trag. and Com., S.Aj. 496, Ar.Eq. 805; μέχρι and πρίν occasionally take subj. without ἄν in prose, e.g. Th.1.137,4.16 ([etym.] μέχρι οὗ), Pl.Phd. 62c, Aeschin.3.60.
    3 in final clauses introduced by relative Advbs., as ὡς, ὅπως (of Manner), ἵνα (of Place), ὄφρα, ἕως, etc. (of Time), freq. in [dialect] Ep.,

    σαώτερος ὥς κε νέηαι Il.1.32

    ;

    ὄφρα κεν εὕδῃ Od.3.359

    ;

    ὅπως ἂν εἰδῇ.. φράσω A.Pr. 824

    ;

    ὅπως ἂν φαίνηται κάλλιστος Pl.Smp. 198e

    ;

    μηχανητέον ὅπως ἂν διαφύγῃ Grg. 481a

     (where ὅπως with [tense] fut. ind. is the regular constr.); also after ὡς in Hdt., Trag., X.An.2.5.16, al., once in Th.6.91 (but [tense] fut. ind. is regular in [dialect] Att.); ἵνα final does not take ἄν or κε exc.

    ἵνα εἰδότες ἤ κε θάνωμεν ἤ κεν.. φύγοιμεν Od.12.156

     ( ἵνα = where in S.OC 405). μή, = lest, takes ἄν only with opt. in apodosis, as S.Tr. 631, Th.2.93.
    II in [dialect] Ep. sts. with OPTATIVE as with subj. (always κε ([etym.] ν), exc.

    εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν Il.2.597

    ),

    εἴ κεν Ἄρης οἴχοιτο Od.8.353

    ; ὥς κε.. δοίη ᾧ κ' ἐθέλοι that he might give her to whomsoever he might please, ib.2.54: so in Hdt. in final clauses, 1.75,99:—in Od.23.135 ὥς κέν τις φαίη, κέν belongs to Verb in apod., as in

    ὡς δ' ἂν ἥδιστα ταῦτα φαίνοιτο X.Cyr.7.5.81

    .
    2 rarely in oratio obliqua, where a relat. or temp. word retains an ἄν which it would have with subj. in direct form, S.Tr. 687, X.Mem.1.2.6, Isoc.17.15;

    ἐπειδὰν δοκιμασθείην D.30.6

    :—similarly after a preceding opt.,

    οὐκ ἀποκρίναιο ἕως ἂν.. σκέψαιο Pl.Phd. 101d

    .
    III rarely with εἰ and INDICATIVE in protasis, only in [dialect] Ep.:
    1 with [tense] fut. ind. as with subj.:

    αἴ κεν Ἰλίου πεφιδήσεται Il.15.213

    :—so with relat.,

    οἵ κέ με τιμήσουσι 1.175

    .
    2 with εἰ and a past tense of ind., once in Hom.,

    εἰ δέ κ' ἔτι προτέρω γένετο δρόμος Il.23.526

    ; so Ζεὺς γάρ κ' ἔθηκε νῆσον εἴ κ' ἐβούλετο Orac. ap. Hdt.1.174, cf. Ar.Lys. 1099 (cod. R), A.R.1.197.
    IV in later Greek, ἄν with relative words is used with INDICATIVE in all tenses, as

    ὅπου ἂν εἰσεπορεύετο Ev.Marc.6.56

    ;

    ὅσ' ἂν πάσχετε PFay. 136

     (iv A. D.);

    ἔνθ' ἂν πέφυκεν ἡ ὁλότης εἶναι Phlp. in Ph.436.19

    ; cf. ἐάν, ὅταν.
    C with [tense] impf. and more rarely [tense] aor. ind. in ITERATIVE construction, to express elliptically a condilion fulfilled whenever an opportumty offered; freq. in Hdt. (not in Pi. or A.), κλαίεσκε ἂν καὶ ὀδυρέσκετο she would (i. e. used to) weep and lament, 3.119;

    εἶτα πῦρ ἂν οὐ παρῆν S.Ph. 295

    ; εἴ τινες ἴδοιεν.., ἀνεθάρσησαν ἄν whenever they saw it, on each occasion, Th.7.71;

    διηρώτων ἂν αὐτοὺς τί λέγοιεν Pl.Ap. 22b

    : inf. representing [tense] impf. of this constr., ἀκούω Λακεδαιμονίους τότε ἐμβαλόντας ἂν.. ἀναχωρεῖν, i. e. I hear they used to retire ([etym.] ἀνεχώρουν ἄν), D.9.48.
    D GENERAL REMARKS:
    I POSITION OF ἄν.
    1 in A, when ἄν does not coalesce with the relat. word (as in ἐάν, ὅταν), it follows directly or is separated only by other particles, as μέν, δέ, τε, ga/r, kai/, νυ, περ, etc.; as

    εἰ μέν κεν.. εἰ δέ κε Il.3.281

    -4; rarely by τις, as

    ὅποι τις ἄν, οἶμαι, προσθῇ D.2.14

    :—in Hom. and Hes. two such Particles may precede κε, as

    εἴ περ γάρ κεν Od.8.355

    , cf. Il.2.123; εἰ γάρ τίς κε, ὃς μὲν γάρ κε, Hes.Op. 280, 357; rarely in Prose,

    ὅποι μὲν γὰρ ἄν D.4.45

    ;

    ὁπότερος οὖν ἄν Ar.Ra. 1420

    : also

    ὁπόσῳ πλέον ἄν Pl.Lg. 647e

    , cf. 850a;

    ὅπου τὸ πάλαι λεγόμενον ἂν γίγνηται 739c

    .
    2 in apodosis, ἄν may stand either next to its Verb (before or after it), or after some other emphatic word, esp. an interrog., a negative (e. g. οὐδ' ἂν εἷς, οὐκ ἂν ἔτι, etc.), or an important Adjective or Adverb; also after a participle which represents the protasis, λέγοντος ἄν τινος πιστεῦσαι οἴεσθε; do you think they would have believed it if any one had told them? ([etym.] εἴ τις ἔλεγεν, ἐπίστευσαν ἄν), D.6.20.
    3 ἄν is freq. separated from its inf. by such Verbs as οἴομαι, δοκέω, φημί, οἶδα, etc., οὐκ ἂν οἴει .. ; freq. in Pl., Grg. 486d, al.; καὶ νῦν ἡδέως ἄν μοι δοκῶ κοινωνῆσαι I think that I should, X.Cyr.8.7.25;

    οὕτω γὰρ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ ἥ τε πόλις ἄριστα διοικεῖσθαι Aeschin.3.2

    ; ἃ μήτε προῄδει μηδεὶς μήτ' ἂν ᾠήθη τήμερον ῥηθῆναι (where ἄν belongs to ῥηθῆναι) D. 18.225:—in the phrase οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ, or οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ, ἄν belongs not to οἶδα, but to the Verb which follows, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι, for οὐκ οἶδα εἰ πείσαιμι ἄν, E.Med. 941, cf. Alc.48;

    οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ δυναίμην Pl. Ti. 26b

    ;

    οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ ἐκτησάμην X.Cyr.5.4.12

    .
    4 ἄν never begins a sentence, or even a clause after a comma, but may stand first after a parenthetic clause,

    ἀλλ', ὦ μέλ', ἄν μοι σιτίων διπλῶν ἔδει Ar. Pax

     <*>37.
    II REPETITION OF ἄν:—in apodosis ἄν may be used twice or even three times with the same Verb, either to make the condition felt throughout a long sentence, or to emphasize certain words,

    ὥστ' ἄν, εἰ σθένος λάβοιμι, δηλώσαιμ' ἄν S.El. 333

    , cf. Ant.69, A.Ag. 340, Th.1.76 (fin.), 2.41, Pl.Ap. 31a, Lys.20.15;

    ἀφανεῖς ἂν ὄντες οὐκ ἂν ὑμνήθημεν ἄν E.Tr. 1244

    , cf. S.Fr. 739; attached to a parenthetical phrase, ἔδρασ' ἄν, εὖ τοῦτ' ἴσθ' ἄν, εἰ .. Id.OT 1438.
    2 ἄν is coupled with κε ([etym.] ν ) a few times in Hom., as Il.11.187, 202, Od.5.361, al.; cf. ἤν περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλωσιν v.l. ib.18.318.
    III ELLIPSIS OF VERB:—sts. the Verb to which ἄν belongs must be supplied, in Hom. only εἰμί, as τάτ' ἔλδεται ὅς κ' ἐπιδευής (sc. ᾖ) Il.5.481; ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν πρὸ τοῦ (sc. ἔρρεγκον) Ar.Nu.5; τί δ' ἂν δοκεῖ σοι Πρίαμος (sc. πρᾶξαι)

    , εἰ τάδ' ἤνυσεν; A.Ag. 935

    :—so in phrases like πῶς γὰρ ἄν; and πῶς οὐκ ἄν (sc. εἴη); also in ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ (or ὡσπερανεί), as φοβούμενος ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ παῖς (i. e. ὥσπερ ἂν ἐφοβήθη εἰ παῖς ἦν) Pl.Grg. 479a; so τοσοῦτον ἐφρόνησαν, ὅσον περ ἂν (sc. ἐφρόνησαν)

    εἰ.. Isoc.10.48

    :—so also when κἂν εἰ ( = καὶ ἂν εἰ) has either no Verb in the apod. or one to which ἄν cannot belong, Pl.R. 477a, Men. 72c; cf. κἄν:—so the Verb of a protasis containing ἄν may be understood, ὅποι τις ἂν προσθῇ, κἂν μικρὰν δύναμιν (i. e. καὶ ἐὰν προσθῇ) D.2.14; ὡς ἐμοῦ οὖν ἰόντος ὅπῃ ἂν καὶ ὑμεῖς (sc. ἴητε) X.An.1.3.6.
    IV ELLIPSIS OF ἄν:—when an apodosis consists of several co-ordinate clauses, ἄν is generally used only in the first and understood in the others:

    πείθοι' ἂν εἰ πείθοι'· ἀπειθοίης δ' ἴσως A.Ag. 1049

    : even when the construction is continued in a new sentence, Pl.R. 352e, cf. 439b codd.: but ἄν is repeated for the sake of clearness or emphasis, ib. 398a, cf. D.19.156 (where an opt. is implied with the third ὡς): rarely expressed with the second of two co-ordinate Verbs and understood with the first, τοῦτον ἂν.. θαρσοίην ἐγὼ καλῶς μὲν ἄρχειν, εὖ δ' ἂν ἄρχεσθαι θέλειν (i. e. καλῶς μὲν ἂν ἄρχοι, εὖ δ' ἂν θέλοι ἄρχεσθαι) S.Ant. 669.
    ------------------------------------
    ἄν (B), [pron. full] [ᾱ], [dialect] Att.,
    A = ἐάν, ἤν, Th.4.46 codd., al.; freq. in Pl.,

    ἂν σωφρονῇ Phd. 61b

    ; ἂν θεὸς θέλῃ ib. 80d, cf. D.4.50;

    ἄν τ'.. ἄν τε Arist. Ath.48.4

    : not common in earlier [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG1.2a5, 2.179b49, al.: but freq. later, SIG1044.27 (iv/iii B. C.), PPetr.2p.47 (iii B. C.), PPar.32.19 (ii B. C.), PTeb.110.8 (i B. C.), Ev.Jo.20.23, etc.
    ------------------------------------
    ἄν (C) or [full] ἀν, Epic form of ἀνά, q. v.
    ------------------------------------
    ἄν (D), shortened from ἄνα, v. sub ἀνά G.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄν

  • 82 Ч-104

    НИ ЧЕРТА НИ ХРЕНА НИ ФИГА all highly coll NP gen these forms only)
    1. \Ч-104 не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т. п. Also: НИ ШУТА
    НИ ЛЁШЕГО both highly coll (obj or subj / gen) (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all
    not (know (understand, do etc)) a damn (damned, goddamn, frigging) thing
    not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit (in limited contexts) not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
    «Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта» (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case / don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
    «...Лётчик (он) был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!» (Искандер 5). u...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
    Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?» - «Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется...» (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
    «Кто это?» — на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. «Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо»... - «При чём здесь гестапо?» - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. «Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных». - «Ни хрена понять не могу», - запутался вконец (генерал) Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said (General) Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. ( impers predic
    often used as indep. clause) sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.: it doesn't harm (affect etc) s.o. one damn bit it's nothing for s.o.
    Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ч-104

  • 83 ни лешего

    • НИ ЧЕРТА; НИ ХРЕНА; НИ ФИГА all highly coll
    [NPgen; these forms only]
    =====
    1. ни лешего не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т.п. Also: НИ ШУТА; НИ ЛЕШЕГО both highly coll [obj or subj/ gen]
    ⇒ (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing; not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all:
    - not (know <understand, do etc>) a damn <damned, goddamn, frigging> thing;
    - not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit;
    - [in limited contexts] not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
         ♦ "Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта" (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case I don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
         ♦ "...Лётчик [он] был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!" (Искандер 5). "...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
         ♦ Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?" - "Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется..." (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
         ♦ "Кто это?" - на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. "Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо"... - "При чём здесь гестапо?" - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. "Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных". - "Ни хрена понять не могу", - запутался вконец [ генерал] Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said [General] Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. [impers predic; often used as indep. clause]
    ⇒ sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.:
    - it doesn't harm <affect etc> s.o. one damn bit;
    - it's nothing for s.o.
         ♦ Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни лешего

  • 84 ни фига

    • НИ ЧЕРТА; НИ ХРЕНА; НИ ФИГА all highly coll
    [NPgen; these forms only]
    =====
    1. ни фига не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т.п. Also: НИ ШУТА; НИ ЛЕШЕГО both highly coll [obj or subj/ gen]
    ⇒ (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing; not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all:
    - not (know <understand, do etc>) a damn <damned, goddamn, frigging> thing;
    - not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit;
    - [in limited contexts] not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
         ♦ "Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта" (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case I don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
         ♦ "...Лётчик [он] был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!" (Искандер 5). "...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
         ♦ Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?" - "Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется..." (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
         ♦ "Кто это?" - на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. "Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо"... - "При чём здесь гестапо?" - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. "Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных". - "Ни хрена понять не могу", - запутался вконец [ генерал] Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said [General] Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. [impers predic; often used as indep. clause]
    ⇒ sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.:
    - it doesn't harm <affect etc> s.o. one damn bit;
    - it's nothing for s.o.
         ♦ Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни фига

  • 85 ни хрена

    • НИ ЧЕРТА; НИ ХРЕНА; НИ ФИГА all highly coll
    [NPgen; these forms only]
    =====
    1. ни хрена не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т.п. Also: НИ ШУТА; НИ ЛЕШЕГО both highly coll [obj or subj/ gen]
    ⇒ (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing; not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all:
    - not (know <understand, do etc>) a damn <damned, goddamn, frigging> thing;
    - not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit;
    - [in limited contexts] not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
         ♦ "Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта" (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case I don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
         ♦ "...Лётчик [он] был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!" (Искандер 5). "...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
         ♦ Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?" - "Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется..." (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
         ♦ "Кто это?" - на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. "Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо"... - "При чём здесь гестапо?" - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. "Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных". - "Ни хрена понять не могу", - запутался вконец [ генерал] Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said [General] Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. [impers predic; often used as indep. clause]
    ⇒ sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.:
    - it doesn't harm <affect etc> s.o. one damn bit;
    - it's nothing for s.o.
         ♦ Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни хрена

  • 86 ни черта

    • НИ ЧЕРТА; НИ ХРЕНА; НИ ФИГА all highly coll
    [NPgen; these forms only]
    =====
    1. ни черта не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т.п. Also: НИ ШУТА; НИ ЛЕШЕГО both highly coll [obj or subj/ gen]
    ⇒ (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing; not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all:
    - not (know <understand, do etc>) a damn <damned, goddamn, frigging> thing;
    - not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit;
    - [in limited contexts] not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
         ♦ "Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта" (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case I don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
         ♦ "...Лётчик [он] был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!" (Искандер 5). "...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
         ♦ Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?" - "Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется..." (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
         ♦ "Кто это?" - на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. "Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо"... - "При чём здесь гестапо?" - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. "Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных". - "Ни хрена понять не могу", - запутался вконец [ генерал] Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said [General] Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. [impers predic; often used as indep. clause]
    ⇒ sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.:
    - it doesn't harm <affect etc> s.o. one damn bit;
    - it's nothing for s.o.
         ♦ Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни черта

  • 87 ни шута

    • НИ ЧЕРТА; НИ ХРЕНА; НИ ФИГА all highly coll
    [NPgen; these forms only]
    =====
    1. ни шута не знать, не понимать, не получать, не получаться, не делать, не делаться и т.п. Also: НИ ШУТА; НИ ЛЕШЕГО both highly coll [obj or subj/ gen]
    ⇒ (to know, understand, receive, do etc) absolutely nothing; not (to be done, work out, be understood etc) at all:
    - not (know <understand, do etc>) a damn <damned, goddamn, frigging> thing;
    - not (understand sth. etc) one damned bit;
    - [in limited contexts] not be able to make any goddamn sense of sth.
         ♦ "Не нужно нам никакой квартиры, - сказал Дмитриев задыхающимся голосом. - Не нужно, понятно тебе? Во всяком случае, мне не нужно. Мне, мне! Ни черта мне не нужно, абсолютно ни черта" (Трифонов 4). "We don't need any apartment at all," said Dmitriev in a choked voice. "We don't need it, you understand? In any case I don't need it. I, me! I don't need a damn thing, absolutely not a damn thing" (4a).
         ♦ "...Лётчик [он] был первоклассный, в воздухе ни хрена не боялся!" (Искандер 5). "...He was a first class pilot. In the air, he wasn't afraid of a frigging thing" (5a).
         ♦ Владимир Семенович, а как всё это с вашим писательством согласуется?" - "Как согласуется? Никак не согласуется! Ни хрена не согласуется..." (Аржак 1). "But Vladimir Semyonovich, how does all this fit in with your job as a writer?" "How does it fit in? It doesn't. Not one damned bit" (1a).
         ♦ "Кто это?" - на чистом русском языке спросил высокий. "Пленный, товарищ генерал... Капитан гестапо"... - "При чём здесь гестапо?" - заспорил Ревкин и дал краткие разъяснения по поводу личности капитана. "Но я же его допрашивал... Он сказал, что расстреливал коммунистов и беспартийных". - "Ни хрена понять не могу", - запутался вконец [ генерал] Дрынов (Войнович 2). "Who is this," asked the tall one in perfect Russian. "The prisoner, Comrade General....A captain in the Gestapo."..."What are you talking about, Gestapo?" objected Revkin and offered a brief explanation concerning the person of Captain Milyaga. "But it was me who questioned him....He told me he had shot Communists and non-Party members." "I can't make any goddamn sense of it," said [General] Drinov, thoroughly confused (2a).
    2. [impers predic; often used as indep. clause]
    ⇒ sth. does not have any (negative) effect on s.o. at all, in no way reflects on s.o.:
    - it doesn't harm <affect etc> s.o. one damn bit;
    - it's nothing for s.o.
         ♦ Ты посмотри на него! Пять километров пробежал и - ни черта, даже не устал. Just look at him! He ran five kilometers and it didn't affect him one damn bit, he isn't even tired.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни шута

  • 88 Erneuerer

    m; -s, -, Erneuerin f; -, -nen reviver; der Erneuerer dieser Bewegung auch the man who revitalized this movement
    * * *
    der Erneuerer
    renovator
    * * *
    Er|neu|e|rer [ɛɐ'nɔyərɐ]
    1. m -s, -,Er|néú|e|rin
    [-ərɪn]
    2. f -, -nen
    innovator
    * * *
    * * *
    Er·neu·e·rer, Er·neu·e·rin
    <-s, ->
    m, f modernizer, revivalist
    \Erneuerer einer Institution/Organisation modernizer of an institution/organization
    * * *
    Erneuerer m; -s, -, Erneuerin f; -, -nen reviver;
    der Erneuerer dieser Bewegung auch the man who revitalized this movement
    * * *
    m.
    renovator n.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Erneuerer

  • 89 Schnösel

    m; -s, -; umg., pej. snotty (young) upstart ( oder whippersnapper); sich wie ein Schnösel aufführen behave in an uppity manner; was bildet sich dieser Schnösel eigentlich ein? who does this young whippersnapper think he is?
    * * *
    der Schnösel
    puppy
    * * *
    Schnö|sel ['ʃnøːzl]
    m -s, - (inf)
    snotty(-nosed) little upstart (inf)
    * * *
    Schnö·sel
    <-s, ->
    [ˈʃnø:zl̩]
    m (fam) snotty[-nosed] little git fam
    * * *
    der; Schnösels, Schnösel (ugs. abwertend) young whippersnapper
    * * *
    Schnösel m; -s, -; umg, pej snotty (young) upstart ( oder whippersnapper);
    sich wie ein Schnösel aufführen behave in an uppity manner;
    was bildet sich dieser Schnösel eigentlich ein? who does this young whippersnapper think he is?
    * * *
    der; Schnösels, Schnösel (ugs. abwertend) young whippersnapper

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Schnösel

  • 90 mester

    sg - mésteren, pl - méstre
    1) в разн. знач. ма́стер м
    2) спорт. чемпио́н м
    * * *
    champion, exponent, master
    * * *
    (en, mestre) master;
    ( i sport) champion;
    ( fremragende dygtig person) master (i of, at), past master (i of, in, at);
    (mar: maskinmester) engineer;
    ( i omtale af principal, T) the boss;
    ( bibelsk) the Master;
    (mar) second engineer;
    (mar) chief engineer;
    [ en satirens mester] a master of satire;
    (dvs udføre) be the author of,
    ( udtænke) devise ( fx a plan),
    ( anstifte) be the ringleader of ( fx a mutiny),
    F instigate;
    [ hvem har været mester for dette her?] who did this? who is responsible for this?
    [ det har han været mester for] that is his doing.

    Danish-English dictionary > mester

  • 91 ahuyentar

    v.
    1 to scare away.
    el elevado precio ahuyentó a los compradores the high price put buyers off
    2 to drive away, to get away, to chase away, to frighten off.
    Los soldados ahuyentaron al enemigo The soldiers drove away the enemy.
    Reír ahuyenta la tristeza Laughter drives away the sorrow.
    3 to shoo off, to shoo, to shoo out.
    * * *
    1 to drive away, scare away
    2 figurado to dismiss
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=espantar) to frighten off, frighten away; (=mantener a distancia) to keep off
    2) [+ temores, dudas etc] to banish, dispel
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer huir) <ladrón/animal> to frighten off or away
    b) ( mantener a distancia) <fiera/mosquitos> to keep... away
    c) < dudas> to dispel
    * * *
    = frighten off, drive away, chase away, send + Nombre + packing, scare away, chase + Nombre + off.
    Ex. Then something compelled her to blurt out: 'Are you interested in the job?' 'We haven't frightened you off, have we?' ejaculated another, with a nervous laugh.
    Ex. Moreover, the shady image of video libraries drove away discerning customers.
    Ex. Any recommendations on how to chase away the Monday blues?.
    Ex. Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.
    Ex. Falling state support for higher education has a number of onerous effects: increased tuition fees, more student debt, and a greater likelihood of scaring away low-income students.
    Ex. Wolverines are very ferocious scavengers that even chase wolves and bears off.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer huir) <ladrón/animal> to frighten off or away
    b) ( mantener a distancia) <fiera/mosquitos> to keep... away
    c) < dudas> to dispel
    * * *
    = frighten off, drive away, chase away, send + Nombre + packing, scare away, chase + Nombre + off.

    Ex: Then something compelled her to blurt out: 'Are you interested in the job?' 'We haven't frightened you off, have we?' ejaculated another, with a nervous laugh.

    Ex: Moreover, the shady image of video libraries drove away discerning customers.
    Ex: Any recommendations on how to chase away the Monday blues?.
    Ex: Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.
    Ex: Falling state support for higher education has a number of onerous effects: increased tuition fees, more student debt, and a greater likelihood of scaring away low-income students.
    Ex: Wolverines are very ferocious scavengers that even chase wolves and bears off.

    * * *
    ahuyentar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (hacer huir) ‹ladrón/animal› to frighten off o away
    2 (mantener a distancia) ‹fiera› to keep … away; ‹mosquitos› to repel, ward off
    3 ‹dudas› to dispel
    debes ahuyentar los malos pensamientos you must banish evil thoughts from your mind
    * * *

    ahuyentar ( conjugate ahuyentar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( hacer huir) ‹ladrón/animal› to frighten off or away

    b) ( mantener a distancia) ‹fiera/mosquitos› to keep … away

    ahuyentar verbo transitivo to scare away
    ' ahuyentar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    espantar
    English:
    drive off
    - frighten away
    - frighten off
    - scare away
    - scare off
    - shoo
    - block
    - discourage
    - repel
    * * *
    1. [espantar, asustar] to scare away
    2. [mantener a distancia] to keep away;
    el fuego ahuyentaba a las fieras the fire kept the wild animals away;
    el elevado precio ahuyentó a los compradores the high price put buyers off;
    ahuyentó su mal humor he shook off his bad mood
    3. [apartar] to drive away;
    ahuyenta los malos pensamientos banish all evil thoughts from your mind
    * * *
    v/t scare off o
    away
    * * *
    1) : to scare away, to chase away
    2) : to banish, to dispel
    ahuyentar las dudas: to dispel doubts

    Spanish-English dictionary > ahuyentar

  • 92 caligráfico

    adj.
    calligraphic.
    * * *
    1 calligraphic
    * * *
    * * *
    Ex. The scribes who did this fair copy cared more for calligraphic elegance than for the accuracy of the text.
    * * *

    Ex: The scribes who did this fair copy cared more for calligraphic elegance than for the accuracy of the text.

    * * *
    handwriting ( before n)
    * * *
    caligráfico, -a adj
    handwriting;
    hicieron un estudio caligráfico de los candidatos they had the candidates' handwriting analysed
    * * *
    adj handwriting atr

    Spanish-English dictionary > caligráfico

  • 93 desconfianza

    f.
    distrust.
    * * *
    1 distrust, mistrust, suspicion
    * * *
    SF distrust, mistrust
    * * *
    femenino distrust, suspicion
    * * *
    = distrust, mistrust.
    Ex. On the other hand, the large majority of us who inhabit this world do not like change: we tend to view it with suspicion and distrust.
    Ex. In such ways parents and teachers can get together and learn from each other, breaking down the barriers of mistrust that often exist between the 'expert' professionals and the 'ignorant' nonprofessionals.
    ----
    * con desconfianza = suspiciously.
    * crear desconfianza = create + distrust.
    * * *
    femenino distrust, suspicion
    * * *
    = distrust, mistrust.

    Ex: On the other hand, the large majority of us who inhabit this world do not like change: we tend to view it with suspicion and distrust.

    Ex: In such ways parents and teachers can get together and learn from each other, breaking down the barriers of mistrust that often exist between the 'expert' professionals and the 'ignorant' nonprofessionals.
    * con desconfianza = suspiciously.
    * crear desconfianza = create + distrust.

    * * *
    distrust, suspicion
    no pudo evitar mirarlo con desconfianza she couldn't help looking at him with suspicion
    me tiene mucha desconfianza he doesn't trust me, he's very wary o suspicious o distrustful of me
    * * *

     

    desconfianza sustantivo femenino
    distrust, suspicion
    desconfianza sustantivo femenino distrust, mistrust
    ' desconfianza' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    malencarada
    - malencarado
    English:
    distrust
    - mistrust
    - openly
    - suspicion
    - suspiciously
    * * *
    distrust;
    la miró con desconfianza he looked at her with distrust;
    los animales salían de sus jaulas con desconfianza the animals emerged warily from their cages;
    todavía me tienen cierta desconfianza they're still a little wary of me, they still don't trust me completely
    * * *
    f mistrust, suspicion
    * * *
    recelo: distrust, suspicion
    * * *
    desconfianza n distrust

    Spanish-English dictionary > desconfianza

  • 94 mandar a freír espárragos

    (v.) = send + Nombre + packing
    Ex. Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.
    * * *
    (v.) = send + Nombre + packing

    Ex: Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.

    Spanish-English dictionary > mandar a freír espárragos

  • 95 semejante1

    1 = fellow human being, kindred, fellow, twin, fellow being.
    Ex. What is our responsibility to a fellow human being, who in this case happens to be a respected library director who is also our boss?.
    Ex. The indexer must evaluate whether the index user will profit if a distinction is made between two kindred terms.
    Ex. Cave paintings, baked clay tablets, papyrus rolls, vellum, parchment and paper manuscripts, movable type printing; these have been the material objects by means of which man have communicated with their fellows.
    Ex. The two moulds, which were twins, were oblong wire sieves mounted on wooden frames, and the deckle was a removable wooden rim which could be fitted to either mould to make it into a tray-like sieve with a raised edge.
    Ex. Immorality and general disrespect for our fellow beings is just about the norm in this day and age.

    Spanish-English dictionary > semejante1

  • 96 sospecha

    f.
    1 suspicion.
    despertar sospechas to arouse suspicion
    tengo la sospecha de que… I have a suspicion that…, I suspect that…
    tengo fundadas sospechas de que miente I have reason to suspect that he's lying
    2 suspicioness, misgiving, mistrust, suspicion.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: sospechar.
    * * *
    1 suspicion
    \
    despertar sospechas to arouse suspicion
    fuera de toda sospecha / por encima de toda sospecha above all suspicion
    tener la sospecha de que... to suspect that...
    sospecha fundada well-founded suspicion
    * * *
    noun f.
    * * *
    * * *
    femenino suspicion

    tengo la sospecha de que... — I suspect o I have a feeling that...

    * * *
    = surmise, suspicion.
    Ex. A penciled note on the catalog card that a publication is temporarily suspended is better than unconfirmed surmise that a publication has ceased.
    Ex. On the other hand, the large majority of us who inhabit this world do not like change: we tend to view it with suspicion and distrust.
    ----
    * bajo sospecha = under suspicion.
    * confirmar una sospecha = confirm + suspicion.
    * despertar sospechas = stir + suspicion, arouse + suspicion.
    * exento de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * fuera de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * libre de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * por encima de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * provocar sospechas = stir + suspicion.
    * sospecha fundada = reasonable suspicion.
    * surgir sospechas = arise + suspicion.
    * tener sospecha = feel + suspicion.
    * * *
    femenino suspicion

    tengo la sospecha de que... — I suspect o I have a feeling that...

    * * *
    = surmise, suspicion.

    Ex: A penciled note on the catalog card that a publication is temporarily suspended is better than unconfirmed surmise that a publication has ceased.

    Ex: On the other hand, the large majority of us who inhabit this world do not like change: we tend to view it with suspicion and distrust.
    * bajo sospecha = under suspicion.
    * confirmar una sospecha = confirm + suspicion.
    * despertar sospechas = stir + suspicion, arouse + suspicion.
    * exento de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * fuera de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * libre de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * por encima de toda sospecha = above suspicion.
    * provocar sospechas = stir + suspicion.
    * sospecha fundada = reasonable suspicion.
    * surgir sospechas = arise + suspicion.
    * tener sospecha = feel + suspicion.

    * * *
    suspicion
    tengo la sospecha de que están tramando algo I suspect o I have a suspicion o a feeling that they're up to something
    tus sospechas eran infundadas your suspicions were unfounded
    despertó las sospechas de la policía it aroused the police's suspicions
    está por encima de toda sospecha he is above suspicion
    * * *

    Del verbo sospechar: ( conjugate sospechar)

    sospecha es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

    2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

    Multiple Entries:
    sospecha    
    sospechar
    sospecha sustantivo femenino
    suspicion;
    ◊ tengo la sospecha de que … I suspect o I have a feeling that …

    sospechar ( conjugate sospechar) verbo transitivo
    to suspect
    verbo intransitivo sospecha DE algn to suspect sb, have one's suspicions about sb
    sospecha sustantivo femenino suspicion
    sospechar
    I vtr (conjeturar, intuir) to suspect: sospecho que le gustas, I suspect he likes you
    II vi (recelar) to suspect: sospechaba de su mujer, he suspected his wife
    sospechan que tú lo planeaste todo, they suspect you of planning it all

    ' sospecha' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abrigar
    - fundar
    - fundarse
    - íntima
    - íntimo
    - libre
    - presunción
    - temor
    - duda
    - engendrar
    - fundado
    - implicar
    - leve
    - ligero
    - oler
    - seguro
    English:
    breath
    - clear
    - foundation
    - linger
    - sneaking
    - suspicion
    - creep
    * * *
    suspicion;
    despertar o [m5] levantar sospechas to arouse suspicion;
    tengo la sospecha de que… I have a suspicion that…, I suspect that…;
    tengo fundadas sospechas de que miente I have reason to suspect that he's lying
    * * *
    f suspicion
    * * *
    : suspicion
    * * *
    sospecha n suspicion

    Spanish-English dictionary > sospecha

  • 97 מקמא II, מקמה

    מְקָמָאII, מְקָמָה, מְקָמְתָּא f. (קוּם; v. יְקוּם; cmp. Gen. 23:17; 20) acquisition, bought object, thing. Y.Ned.XI, 42c bot. דו יב לה מ׳ טבא when he allows her a good bargain. Cant. R. to VIII, 9 למזבן מְקוּמָא to buy some goods.Targ. Y. Ex. 22:7; 10 מקמתא Ar. (ed. עיסקא; h. text מלאכת).Gen. R. s. 73 מאן אכל הדא מקמתא … מאן תבר הדא מ׳ who ate this thing (dish, v. מְקָמָא I, 2)? who broke this thing (or plate)?Constr. מִקְמַת, מִיקְמַת. Y.Erub.III, 21b top; Y.Gitt.VII, end, 49a מ׳ פלן an estate bearing the name of a certain person; Y.Kidd.III, 64a top מוקמת; Y.Maas. Sh. V, 56b bot. מקמת.

    Jewish literature > מקמא II, מקמה

  • 98 מְקָמָא

    מְקָמָאII, מְקָמָה, מְקָמְתָּא f. (קוּם; v. יְקוּם; cmp. Gen. 23:17; 20) acquisition, bought object, thing. Y.Ned.XI, 42c bot. דו יב לה מ׳ טבא when he allows her a good bargain. Cant. R. to VIII, 9 למזבן מְקוּמָא to buy some goods.Targ. Y. Ex. 22:7; 10 מקמתא Ar. (ed. עיסקא; h. text מלאכת).Gen. R. s. 73 מאן אכל הדא מקמתא … מאן תבר הדא מ׳ who ate this thing (dish, v. מְקָמָא I, 2)? who broke this thing (or plate)?Constr. מִקְמַת, מִיקְמַת. Y.Erub.III, 21b top; Y.Gitt.VII, end, 49a מ׳ פלן an estate bearing the name of a certain person; Y.Kidd.III, 64a top מוקמת; Y.Maas. Sh. V, 56b bot. מקמת.

    Jewish literature > מְקָמָא

  • 99 despedir2

    2 = fire, lay off, discharge, terminate, axe [ax, -USA], let + go, sack, make + redundant, give + Nombre + the boot, boot (out), give + Nombre + the sack, send + Nombre + packing, turf out, cashier.
    Ex. It began when Balzac and Pershing had an altercation (theirs was another of the 'running feuds' in the library), and Pershing was fired.
    Ex. I've been sitting here wondering how best to select the people to be laid off.
    Ex. By the beginning of the nineteenth century many British printers had come to rely for most of their work on relays of apprentices, who were simply discharged at the end of their terms and replaced by new apprentices.
    Ex. At coffee yesterday Jeff Gordon had apprised her of the fact that three of his engineers had been summarily terminated.
    Ex. 'He's been trying to cover up his tracks; those engineers who got axed were his scapegoats'.
    Ex. Suddenly she piped triumphantly, almost getting to her feet: 'We could let the student assistants go!'.
    Ex. The author warns that shortsighted companies that believe all the information they need is on the Web may sack information professionals.
    Ex. Many people have been made redundant in the takeover and those who joined last were the first to go -- the principle of devil take the hindmost applied.
    Ex. He was given the boot for being discovered with a camera taking a photo of hula dancers.
    Ex. As Hartwick got older, the feds decided he was a major security risk and booted him out of the program.
    Ex. Justin pointed out that the government would not compromise and those found protecting illegal immigrants would be given the sack.
    Ex. Those who hold this view argued that the state government lacks the political will to send them packing for good.
    Ex. You will be disliked and turfed out as a sacrificial goat once your job is done but there will be many others queuing up for your services.
    Ex. His case was referred to the next session, and in the following May he was cashiered.
    ----
    * despedir a discreción = fire at + will.
    * despedir a un empleado = dismiss + employee.
    * despedir del trabajo = make + redundant.
    * despedir mano de obra = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.
    * despedir obreros = shed + jobs, axe + jobs, cut + jobs.

    Spanish-English dictionary > despedir2

  • 100 to

    1. pron
    2)

    (w funkcji podmiotu) to prawda — it's the truth

    to jest kot — this lub it is a cat

    co/kto to jest? — what's/who's this?

    3)

    (w funkcji ekspresywnej) a to chuligan! — what a lout!

    4)

    jak to? — how so?, how come?

    2. conj

    jeśli chcesz, to przyjedź — come if you want

    nie chcesz, to nie — if you don't want to, you don't want to

    3. inv

    (w funkcji łącznika) czas to pieniądz — time is money

    Nowy słownik polsko-angielski > to

Страницы

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