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1 cacumen
căcūmen, ĭnis, n. [etym. dub.], the extreme end, extremity, or point of a thing; the peak, top, utmost point.I.Lit. (whether horizontal or perpendicular; while culmen is an extremity projecting in height; v. Doed. Syn.; in the poets freq.; in prose rare before the Aug. per.;II.not in Cic.): ut altis Arboribus vicina cacumina summa terantur Inter se,
the extreme top, Lucr. 1, 898. —So of tree-tops:umbrosa cacumina,
Verg. E. 2, 3:fracta,
id. ib. 9, 9; 6, 28; id. G. 2, 29; 2, 307; Ov. M. 1, 346; 1, 552; 1, 567; 8, 257; 8, 716; 8, 756; 9, 389; 10, 140; 10, 193; 13, 833; 15, 396; Quint. 8, 3, 10; 1, 2, 26:arborum cacumina,
Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 147:ficorum, pirorum, malorum,
Col. 3, 21, 11:olivae,
id. 5, 11, 14 and 15; 11, 3, 37; Pall. Jan. 15, 15; id. Febr. 25, 28; id. Mart. 10, 23; 10, 35; id. Apr. 4, 1; Veg. 4, 4, 9 al.:harundinis,
Plin. 16, 36, 64, § 158.—Of grass, the points of the blades, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 12:praeacutis (ramorum) cacuminibus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73; Lucr. 6, 459.— Of the summits, peaks of mountains, Liv. 7, 34, 4; Lucr. 6, 464; Cat. 64, 240; Verg. A. 3, 274; Hor. Epod. 16, 28; Ov. M. 1, 310; 1, 317; 1, 666; 6, 311; 8, 797; 7, 804; 9, 93; Luc. 7, 75, Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 117; 6, 7, 7, § 20 al.—Of other things:pilorum, Auct. B. Afr. 47: atomi,
Lucr. 1, 600:cujusque rei,
id. 1, 750:ovi,
Plin. 10, 52, 74, § 145; 10. 54, 75, §151: metae,
id. 36, 5, 4, § 31:pyramidis,
id. 36, 12, 17, § 79:membrorum,
id. 11, 37. 88, §219: ignis,
Luc. 1, 551:incurvum, of the elephant's back,
Sil. 9, 584.—Trop.A.The end, limit: donec alescundi summum tetigere cacumen, until they have completely attained the limit of their growth, Lucr. 2, 1130:B.ad summum donec venere cacumen,
to the height of perfection, id. 5, 1456: famae, Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7.—As a gram. t. t., the mark of accent placed over a letter, Mart. Cap. 3, § 273. -
2 lignum
lignum, i, n. [prob. root leg-, v. 2. lĕgo; that which is gathered, i. e. for firewood], wood ( firewood. opp. to materia, timber for building, Dig. 32, 1, 55).I.Lit. (class. only in plur.):B.ligna neque fumosa erunt et ardebunt bene,
Cato, R. R. 130:ligna et sarmenta circumdare, ignem subicere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69:ignem ex lignis viridibus atque umidis fieri jussit,
id. ib. 2, 1, 17, §45: ligna super foco Large reponens,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 5: ligna et virgas et carbones quibusdam videri esse in penu, Mas. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 22.—Prov.: in silvam ligna ferre, i. e. to perform useless labor, or, as we say in English, to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34:lignorum aliquid posce,
Juv. 7, 24.—In gen., timber, wood:II.hos lignum stabat in usus, Annosam si forte nucem dejecerat Eurus,
i. e. for making tables, Juv. 11, 118.—Transf.A.That which is made of wood, a writing-tablet:B.vana supervacui dicunt chirographa ligni,
Juv. 13, 137; 16, 41; a plank:ventis animam committe, dolato confisus ligno,
id. 12, 58.—The hard part of fruit, the shell (of a nut), or the stone or kernel (of cherries, plums, etc.):C.bacarum intus lignum,
Plin. 15, 28, 34, § 111; 15, 3, 3, § 10:lignum in pomo,
id. 13, 4, 9, § 40; of grape-stones, id. 17, 21, 35, § 162.—A fault in table-tops, where the grain of the wood is not curly, but straight, Plin. 13, 15, 30, § 98.—D.( Poet. and late Lat.) A tree, Verg. A. 12, 767; Hor. S. 1, 8, 1; id. C. 2, 13, 11:E.lignum pomiferum,
Vulg. Gen. 1, 11:lignum scientiae boni et mali,
id. ib. 2, 9:lignum vitae,
id. Apoc. 2, 9.—A staff, club (eccl. Lat.):cum gladiis et lignis,
Vulg. Marc. 14, 43 and 48. -
3 metopion
I.The gum of an African tree, also called ammoniacum, Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107; Sol. 27, 47. —II.Oil of bitter almonds, almond-oil, Plin. 15, 7, 7, § 26 (Jahn, neopum).—III.An ointment made with galbanum, Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 8. -
4 metopium
I.The gum of an African tree, also called ammoniacum, Plin. 12, 23, 49, § 107; Sol. 27, 47. —II.Oil of bitter almonds, almond-oil, Plin. 15, 7, 7, § 26 (Jahn, neopum).—III.An ointment made with galbanum, Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 8.
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