-
101 to
[tu:, tu, tə] prepshe walked over \to the window sie ging [hinüber] zum Fenster [o ans Fenster];\to the right/ left nach rechts/links;there \to the right dort rechts;he's standing \to the left of Adrian er steht links neben Adrian;\to the north/ south nördlich/südlich;twenty miles \to the north of the city zwanzig Meilen nördlich der Stadt;the suburbs are \to the west of the city die Vororte liegen im Westen der Stadt;parallel \to the x axis parallel zur x-Achse;we're going \to town wir gehen/fahren in die Stadt;\to the mountains in die Berge;\to the sea ans Meer;\to the park in den Park;from here \to the station von hier [bis] zum Bahnhof;the way \to the town centre der Weg ins Stadtzentrum;they go \to work on the bus sie fahren mit dem Bus zur Arbeit;I'm going \to a party/ concert ich gehe auf eine Party/ein Konzert;she has to go \to a meeting now sie muss jetzt zu einem Meeting [gehen];we moved \to Germany last year wir sind letztes Jahr nach Deutschland gezogen;he flew \to the US er flog in die USA;she's never been \to Mexico before sie ist noch nie [zuvor] in Mexiko gewesen;my first visit \to Africa mein erster Aufenthalt in Afrika;this is a road \to nowhere! diese Straße führt nirgendwohin!she goes \to kindergarten sie geht in den Kindergarten;he goes \to college er geht zur Hochschule [o studiert an der Hochschule];do you go \to church? gehst du in die Kirche?;I go \to the gym twice a week ich gehe zweimal wöchentlich in die Turnhallean invitation \to a wedding eine Einladung zu einer Hochzeit;I've asked them \to dinner ich habe sie zum Essen eingeladen;she took me out \to lunch yesterday sie hat mich gestern zum Abendessen ausgeführt [o eingeladen];she pointed \to a distant spot on the horizon sie zeigte auf einen fernen Punkt am Horizont;to have one's back \to sth/sb etw/jdm den Rücken zudrehen;back \to front verkehrt herumthey were dancing cheek \to cheek sie tanzten Wange an Wange;she put her hand \to his breast sie legte die Hand auf seine Brust;she clasped the letter \to her bosom sie drückte den Brief an ihren Busentie the lead \to the fence mache die Leine am Zaun fest;they fixed the bookshelves \to the wall sie brachten die Bücherregale an der Wand an;stick the ads \to some paper klebe die Anzeigen auf ein Blatt PapierI lent my bike \to my brother ich habe meinem Bruder mein Fahrrad geliehen;give that gun \to me gib mir das Gewehr;he is married \to his cousin Emma er ist mit seiner Kusine Emma verheiratet;I told that \to Glyn ich habe das Glyn erzählt;you should show that rash \to the doctor du solltest den Ausschlag dem Arzt zeigen;what have they done \to you? was haben sie dir [an]getan?;children are often cruel \to each other Kinder sind oft grausam zueinander;who's the letter addressed \to? an wen ist der Brief gerichtet [o adressiert] ?;her knowledge proved useful \to him ihr Wissen erwies sich als hilfreich für ihn;I am deeply grateful \to my parents ich bin meinen Eltern zutiefst dankbar;a threat \to world peace eine Bedrohung des Weltfriedens [o für den Weltfrieden];they made a complaint \to the manager sie reichten beim Geschäftsleiter eine Beschwerde einand what did you say \to that? und was hast du dazu gesagt?;he finally confessed \to the crime er gestand schließlich das Verbrechen;this is essential \to our strategy dies ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil unserer Strategie;( in response) auf +akk;a reference \to Psalm 22:18 ein Verweis auf Psalm 22:18;her reply \to the question ihre Antwort auf die Frage;and what was her response \to that? und wie lautete ihr Antwort darauf?the keys \to his car seine Autoschlüssel;the top \to this pen die Kappe zu diesem Stift;she has a mean side \to her sie kann auch sehr gemein sein;there is a very moral tone \to this book dieses Buch hat einen sehr moralischer Ton;there's a funny side \to everything alles hat auch seine komische SeiteI prefer beef \to seafood ich ziehe Rindfleisch Meeresfrüchten vor;frogs' legs are comparable \to chicken Froschschenkel sind mit Hühnerfleisch vergleichbar;a colonel is superior \to a sergeant ein Oberst ist ein höherer Dienstgrad als ein Unteroffizier;she looked about thirty \to his sixty gegenüber seinen sechzig Jahren wirkte sie wie dreißig;[to be] nothing \to sth nichts im Vergleich zu etw dat [sein];her wage is nothing \to what she could earn ihr Einkommen steht in keinem Vergleich zu dem, was sie verdienen könntePaul beat me by three games \to two Paul hat im Spiel drei zu zwei gegen mich gewonnen;Manchester won three \to to one Manchester hat drei zu eins gewonnenI read up \to page 100 ich habe bis Seite 100 gelesen;unemployment has risen \to almost 8 million die Arbeitslosigkeit ist auf fast 8 Millionen angestiegen;count \to 20 bis 20 zählen;it's about fifty miles \to New York es sind [noch] etwa fünfzig Meilen bis New Yorkhe converted \to Islam er ist zum Islam übergetreten;his expression changed from amazement \to joy sein Ausdruck wechselte von Erstaunen zu Freude;the change \to the metric system der Wechsel zum metrischen System;her promotion \to department manager ihre Beförderung zur Abteilungsleiterin;the meat was cooked \to perfection das Fleisch war perfekt zubereitet [worden];he drank himself \to death er trank sich zu Tode;she nursed me back \to health sie hat mich [wieder] gesund gepflegt;smashed \to pieces in tausend Stücke geschlagen;she was close \to tears sie war den Tränen nahe;he was thrilled \to bits er freute sich wahnsinnigthe shop is open \to 8.00 p.m. der Laden hat bis 20 Uhr geöffnet;we're in this \to the end wir führen dies bis zum Ende;and \to this day... und bis auf den heutigen Tag...;it's only two weeks \to your birthday! es sind nur noch zwei Wochen bis zu deinem Geburtstag!from... \to... von... bis...;from beginning \to end von Anfang bis Ende;from morning \to night von Kopf bis Fuß;front \to back von vorne bis hinten, von allen Seiten;I read the document front \to back ich habe das Dokument von vorne bis hinten gelesen;he's done everything from snowboarding \to windsurfing er hat von Snowboarden bis Windsurfen alles [mal] gemacht;from simple theft \to cold-blooded murder vom einfachen Diebstahl bis zum kaltblütigen Mordit's twenty \to six es ist zwanzig vor sechsmuch \to her surprise zu ihrer großen Überraschung\to me, it sounds like he's ending the relationship für mich hört sich das an, als ob er die Beziehung beenden wollte;that outfit looks good \to me das Outfit gefällt mir gut;if it's acceptable \to you wenn Sie einverstanden sind;this would be \to your advantage das wäre zu deinem Vorteil, das wäre für dich von Vorteil;does this make any sense \to you? findest du das auf irgendeine Weise einleuchtend?;fifty pounds is nothing \to him fünfzig Pfund bedeuten ihm nichts;what's it \to you? ( fam) was geht dich das an?as a personal trainer \to the rich and famous als persönlicher Trainer der Reichen und Berühmten;they are hat makers \to Her Majesty the Queen sie sind Hutmacher Ihrer Majestät, der Königin;she was Ophelia \to Olivier's Hamlet sie spielte die Ophelia neben Oliviers Hamlethere's \to you! auf dein/Ihr Wohl!;\to the cook! auf den Koch/die Köchin!;the record is dedicated \to her mother die Schallplatte ist ihrer Mutter gewidmet;I propose a toast \to the bride and groom ich bringe einen Toast auf die Braut und den Bräutigam aus;a memorial \to all the soldiers who died in Vietnam ein Denkmal für alle im Vietnamkrieg gefallenen Soldatenthe car gets 25 miles \to the gallon das Auto verbraucht eine Gallone auf 25 Meilen;three parts oil \to one part vinegar drei Teile Öl auf einen Teil Essig;the odds are 2 \to 1 that you'll lose die Chancen stehen 2 zu 1, dass du verlierstshe awoke \to the sound of screaming sie erwachte von lautem Geschrei;he left the stage \to the sound of booing er ging unter den Buhrufen von der Bühne;I like exercising \to music ich trainiere gern zu [o mit] Musik;I can't dance \to this sort of music ich kann zu dieser Art Musik nicht tanzen;the band walked on stage \to rapturous applause die Band zog unter tosendem Applaus auf die Bühnethirty \to thirty-five people dreißig bis fünfunddreißig Leuteten \to the power of three zehn hoch dreiPHRASES:that's all there is \to it das ist schon alles;there's not much [or nothing] \to it das ist nichts Besonderes, da ist nichts Besonderes dabei in forming infinitives1) ( expressing future intention) zu;she agreed \to help sie erklärte sich bereit zu helfen;I'll have \to tell him ich werde es ihm sagen müssen;I don't expect \to be finished any later than seven ich denke, dass ich spätestens um sieben fertig sein werde;sadly she didn't live \to see her grandchildren leider war es ihr nicht vergönnt, ihre Enkel noch zu erleben;I have \to go on a business trip ich muss auf eine Geschäftsreise;the company is \to pay over £500,000 die Firma muss über £500.000 bezahlen;he's going \to write his memoirs er wird seine Memoiren schreiben;I have some things \to be fixed ich habe einige Dinge zu reparieren;Blair \to meet with Putin Blair trifft Putin;be about \to do sth gerade etw tun wollen, im Begriff sein etw zu tun2) ( forming requests) zu;she was told \to have the report finished by Friday sie wurde gebeten, den Bericht bis Freitag fertig zu stellen;he told me \to wait er sagte mir, ich solle warten;I asked her \to give me a call ich bat sie, mich anzurufen;we asked her \to explain wir baten sie, es uns zu erklären;you've not \to do that du sollst das nicht tun;that man is not \to come here again der Mann darf dieses Haus nicht mehr betreten;young man, you're \to go to your room right now junger Mann, du gehst jetzt auf dein Zimmer3) ( expressing wish) zu;I need \to eat something first ich muss zuerst etwas essen;I'd love \to live in New York ich würde liebend [o nur zu] gern in New York leben;would you like \to dance? möchten Sie tanzen?;that child ought \to be in bed das Kind sollte [schon] im Bett sein;I want \to go now ich möchte jetzt gehen;I need \to go to the bathroom ich muss noch einmal zur [o auf die] Toilette;do you want \to come with us? willst du [mit uns] mitkommen?;I'd love \to go to France this summer ich würde diesen Sommer gern nach Frankreich fahren4) ( omitting verb)are you going tonight? - I'm certainly hoping \to gehst du heute Abend? - das hoffe ich sehr;would you like to go and see the Russian clowns? - yes, I'd love \to möchtest du gern die russischen Clowns sehen? - ja, sehr gern;can you drive? - yes I'm able \to but I prefer not \to kannst du Auto fahren? - ja, das kann ich, aber ich fahre nicht gernit's not likely \to happen es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass das geschieht, das wird wohl kaum geschehen;I was afraid \to tell her ich hatte Angst, es ihr zu sagen;he's able \to speak four languages er spricht vier Sprachen;she's due \to have her baby sie soll bald ihr Baby bekommen;I'm afraid \to fly ich habe Angst vorm Fliegen;she's happy \to see you back sie ist froh, dass du wieder zurück bist;I'm sorry \to hear that es ist tut mir leid, das zu hören;easy \to use leicht zu bedienen;languages are fun \to learn Sprachenlernen macht Spaß;it is interesting \to know that es ist interessant, das zu wissen;three months is too long \to wait drei Monate zu warten ist zu lang;I'm too nervous \to talk right now ich bin zu nervös, um jetzt zu sprechen6) ( expressing purpose)I'm going there \to see my sister ich gehe dort hin, um meine Schwester zu treffen;she's gone \to pick Jean up sie ist Jean abholen gegangen;my second attempt \to make flaky pastry mein zweiter Versuch, einen Blätterteig zu machen;they have no reason \to lie sie haben keinerlei Grund zu lügen;I have the chance \to buy a house cheaply ich habe die Gelegenheit, billig ein Haus zu kaufen;something \to eat etwas zu essen;the first person \to arrive die erste Person, die ankam [o eintraf];Armstrong was the first man \to walk on the moon Armstrong war der erste Mann, der je den Mond betrat7) ( expressing intent)we tried \to help wir versuchten zu helfen;\to make this cake, you'll need... für diesen Kuchen braucht man...;he managed \to escape es gelang ihm zu entkommen8) ( after wh- words)I don't know what \to do ich weiß nicht, was ich tun soll;I don't know where \to begin ich weiß nicht, wo ich anfangen soll;she was wondering whether \to ask David about it sie fragte sich, ob sie David deswegen fragen sollte;can you tell me how \to get there? könne Sie mir sagen, wie ich dort hinkomme?9) ( introducing clause)\to tell the truth [or \to be truthful] um die Wahrheit zu sagen;\to be quite truthful with you, Dave, I never really liked the man ich muss dir ehrlich sagen, Dave, ich konnte diesen Mann noch nie leiden;\to be honest um ehrlich zu sein10) ( in consecutive acts) um zu;he looked up \to greet his guests er blickte auf, um seine Gäste zu begrüßen;she reached out \to take his hand sie griff nach seiner Hand;they turned around \to find their car gone sie drehten sich um und bemerkten, dass ihr Auto verschwunden war advinv zu;to come \to zu sich dat kommen;they set \to with a will, determined to finish the job sie machten sich mit Nachdruck daran, entschlossen, die Arbeit zu Ende zu bringen -
102 go
Ⅰ.go1 [gəʊ](game) jeu m de goⅡ.go2 [gəʊ]aller ⇒ 1A (a)-(c), 1A (e), 1A (f), 1E (a)-(c), 1G (a), 2 (a) s'en aller ⇒ 1A (d) être ⇒ 1B (a) devenir ⇒ 1B (b) tomber en panne ⇒ 1B (c) s'user ⇒ 1B (d) se détériorer ⇒ 1B (e) commencer ⇒ 1C (a) aller (+ infinitif) ⇒ 1C (b), 1C (c) marcher ⇒ 1C (d) disparaître ⇒ 1D (a), 1D (c) se passer ⇒ 1E (d) s'écouler ⇒ 1E (e) s'appliquer ⇒ 1F (b) se vendre ⇒ 1F (e) contribuer ⇒ 1G (c) aller ensemble ⇒ 1H (a) tenir le coup ⇒ 1H (c) faire ⇒ 2 (b), 2 (c) coup ⇒ 3 (a) essai ⇒ 3 (a) tour ⇒ 3 (b) dynamisme ⇒ 3 (c)A.∎ we're going to Paris/Japan/Spain nous allons à Paris/au Japon/en Espagne;∎ he went to the office/a friend's house il est allé au bureau/chez un ami;∎ I want to go home je veux rentrer;∎ the salesman went from house to house le vendeur est allé de maison en maison;∎ we went by car/on foot nous y sommes allés en voiture/à pied;∎ there goes the train! voilà le train (qui passe)!;∎ the bus goes by way of or through Dover le bus passe par Douvres;∎ does this train go to Glasgow? ce train va-t-il à Glasgow?;∎ the truck was going at 150 kilometres an hour le camion roulait à ou faisait du 150 kilomètres (à l')heure;∎ go behind those bushes va derrière ces arbustes;∎ where do we go from here? où va-t-on maintenant?; figurative qu'est-ce qu'on fait maintenant?;∎ to go to the doctor aller voir ou aller chez le médecin;∎ he went straight to the director il est allé directement voir ou trouver le directeur;∎ to go to prison aller en prison;∎ to go to the toilet aller aux toilettes;∎ to go to sb for advice aller demander conseil à qn;∎ let the children go first laissez les enfants passer devant, laissez passer les enfants d'abord;∎ I'll go next c'est à moi après;∎ who goes next? (in game) c'est à qui (le tour)?;∎ Military who goes there? qui va là?, qui vive?;∎ here we go again! ça y est, ça recommence!;∎ there he goes! le voilà!;∎ there he goes again! (there he is again) le revoilà!; (he's doing it again) ça y est, il est reparti!∎ to go shopping aller faire des courses;∎ to go fishing/hunting aller à la pêche/à la chasse;∎ to go riding aller faire du cheval;∎ let's go for a walk/bike ride/swim allons nous promener/faire un tour à vélo/nous baigner;∎ they went on a trip ils sont partis en voyage;∎ I'll go to see her or American go see her tomorrow j'irai la voir demain;∎ don't go and tell him!, don't go telling him! ne va pas le lui dire!, ne le lui dis pas!;∎ don't go bothering your sister ne va pas embêter ta sœur;∎ you had to go and tell him! il a fallu que tu le lui dises!;∎ he's gone and locked us out! il est parti et nous a laissé à la porte!;∎ you've gone and done it now! vraiment, tu as tout gâché!(c) (proceed to specified limit) aller;∎ he'll go as high as £300 il ira jusqu'à 300 livres;∎ the temperature went as high as 36° C la température est montée jusqu'à 36° C;∎ he went so far as to say it was her fault il est allé jusqu'à dire que c'était de sa faute à elle;∎ now you've gone too far! là tu as dépassé les bornes!;∎ I'll go further and say he should resign j'irai plus loin et je dirai qu'il ou j'irai jusqu'à dire qu'il devrait démissionner;∎ the temperature sometimes goes below zero la température descend ou tombe parfois au-dessous de zéro;∎ her attitude went beyond mere impertinence son comportement était plus qu'impertinent(d) (depart, leave) s'en aller, partir;∎ I must be going il faut que je m'en aille ou que je parte;∎ they went early ils sont partis tôt;∎ you may go vous pouvez partir;∎ what time does the train go? à quelle heure part le train?;∎ familiar get going! vas-y!, file!;∎ archaic be gone! allez-vous-en!;∎ either he goes or I go l'un de nous deux doit partir(e) (indicating regular attendance) aller, assister;∎ to go to church/school aller à l'église/l'école;∎ to go to a meeting aller ou assister à une réunion;∎ to go to work (to one's place of work) aller au travail(f) (indicating direction or route) aller, mener;∎ that road goes to the market square cette route va ou mène à la place du marchéB.∎ to go barefoot/naked se promener pieds nus/tout nu;∎ to go armed porter une arme;∎ her family goes in rags sa famille est en haillons;∎ the job went unfilled le poste est resté vacant;∎ to go unnoticed passer inaperçu;∎ such crimes must not go unpunished de tels crimes ne doivent pas rester impunis∎ my father is going grey mon père grisonne;∎ she went white with rage elle a blêmi de colère;∎ my hands went clammy mes mains sont devenues moites;∎ the tea's gone cold le thé a refroidi;∎ have you gone mad? tu es devenu fou?;∎ to go bankrupt faire faillite;∎ the country has gone Republican le pays est maintenant républicain∎ the battery's going la pile commence à être usée∎ his trousers are going at the knees son pantalon s'use aux genoux;∎ the jacket went at the seams la veste a craqué aux coutures∎ all his strength went and he fell to the floor il a perdu toutes ses forces et il est tombé par terre;∎ his voice is going il devient aphone;∎ his voice is gone il est aphone, il a une extinction de voix;∎ her mind has started to go elle n'a plus toute sa tête ou toutes ses facultésC.(a) (begin an activity) commencer;∎ what are we waiting for? let's go! qu'est-ce qu'on attend? allons-y!;∎ familiar here goes!, here we go! allez!, on y va!;∎ go! partez!;∎ you'd better get going on or with that report! tu ferais bien de te mettre à ou de t'attaquer à ce rapport!;∎ it won't be so hard once you get going ça ne sera pas si difficile une fois que tu seras lancé;∎ to be going to do sth (be about to) aller faire qch, être sur le point de faire qch; (intend to) avoir l'intention de faire qch;∎ you were just going to tell me about it vous étiez sur le point de ou vous alliez m'en parler;∎ I was going to visit her yesterday but her mother arrived j'avais l'intention de ou j'allais lui rendre visite hier mais sa mère est arrivée∎ are you going to be at home tonight? est-ce que vous serez chez vous ce soir?;∎ we're going to do exactly as we please nous ferons ce que nous voulons;∎ she's going to be a doctor elle va être médecin;∎ there's going to be a storm il va y avoir un orage;∎ he's going to have to work really hard il va falloir qu'il travaille très dur∎ is the fan going? est-ce que le ventilateur est en marche ou marche?;∎ the car won't go la voiture ne veut pas démarrer;∎ he had the television and the radio going il avait mis la télévision et la radio en marche;∎ the washing machine is still going la machine à laver tourne encore, la lessive n'est pas terminée;∎ her daughter kept the business going sa fille a continué à faire marcher l'affaire;∎ to keep a conversation/fire going entretenir une conversation/un feu∎ she went like this with her eyebrows elle a fait comme ça avec ses sourcils∎ to go on radio/television passer à la radio/à la télévisionD.(a) (disappear) disparaître;∎ the snow has gone la neige a fondu ou disparu;∎ all the sugar's gone il n'y a plus de sucre;∎ my coat has gone mon manteau n'est plus là ou a disparu;∎ all our money has gone (spent) nous avons dépensé tout notre argent; (lost) nous avons perdu tout notre argent; (stolen) on a volé tout notre argent;∎ I don't know where the money goes these days l'argent disparaît à une vitesse incroyable ces temps-ci;∎ gone are the days when he took her dancing elle est bien loin, l'époque où il l'emmenait danser∎ the last paragraph must go il faut supprimer le dernier paragraphe;∎ I've decided that car has to go j'ai décidé de me débarrasser de cette voiture;∎ that new secretary has got to go il va falloir se débarrasser de la nouvelle secrétaire∎ he is (dead and) gone il nous a quittés;∎ his wife went first sa femme est partie avant lui;∎ after I go... quand je ne serai plus là...E.(a) (extend, reach) aller, s'étendre;∎ our property goes as far as the forest notre propriété va ou s'étend jusqu'au bois;∎ the path goes right down to the beach le chemin descend jusqu'à la mer;∎ figurative her thinking didn't go that far elle n'a pas poussé le raisonnement aussi loin;∎ my salary doesn't go very far je ne vais pas loin avec mon salaire;∎ money doesn't go very far these days l'argent part vite à notre époque;∎ their difference of opinion goes deeper than I thought leur différend est plus profond que je ne pensais∎ the dictionaries go on that shelf les dictionnaires se rangent ou vont sur cette étagère;∎ where do the towels go? où est-ce qu'on met les serviettes?;∎ that painting goes here ce tableau se met ou va là(c) (be contained in, fit) aller;∎ this last sweater won't go in the suitcase ce dernier pull n'ira pas ou n'entrera pas dans la valise;∎ the piano barely goes through the door le piano entre ou passe de justesse par la porte;∎ this belt just goes round my waist cette ceinture est juste assez longue pour faire le tour de ma taille;∎ the lid goes on easily enough le couvercle se met assez facilement(d) (develop, turn out) se passer;∎ how did your interview go? comment s'est passé ton entretien?;∎ I'll see how things go je vais voir comment ça se passe;∎ we can't tell how things will go on ne sait pas comment ça se passera;∎ everything went well tout s'est bien passé;∎ if all goes well si tout va bien;∎ the meeting went badly/well la réunion s'est mal/bien passée;∎ the negotiations are going well les négociations sont en bonne voie;∎ the vote went against them/in their favour le vote leur a été défavorable/favorable;∎ there's no doubt as to which way the decision will go on sait ce qui sera décidé;∎ everything was going fine until she showed up tout allait ou se passait très bien jusqu'à ce qu'elle arrive;∎ everything went wrong ça a mal tourné;∎ familiar how's it going?, how are things going? (comment) ça va?;∎ the way things are going, we might both be out of a job soon au train où vont ou vu comment vont les choses, nous allons bientôt nous retrouver tous les deux au chômage∎ the journey went quickly je n'ai pas vu le temps passer pendant le voyage;∎ there were only five minutes to go before… il ne restait que cinq minutes avant…;∎ time goes so slowly when you're not here le temps me paraît tellement long quand tu n'es pas là;∎ how's the time going? combien de temps reste-t-il?F.∎ what your mother says goes! fais ce que dit ta mère!;∎ whatever the boss says goes c'est le patron qui fait la loi;∎ anything goes on fait ce qu'on veut(b) (be valid, hold true) s'appliquer;∎ that rule goes for everyone cette règle s'applique à tout le monde;∎ that goes for us too (that applies to us) ça s'applique à nous aussi; (we agree with that) nous sommes aussi de cet avis(c) (be expressed, run → report, story)∎ the story or rumour goes that she left him le bruit court qu'elle l'a quitté;∎ so the story goes du moins c'est ce que l'on dit ou d'après les on-dit;∎ how does the story go? comment c'est cette histoire?;∎ I forget how the poem goes now j'ai oublié le poème maintenant;∎ how does the tune go? c'est quoi ou c'est comment, l'air?;∎ her theory goes something like this sa théorie est plus ou moins la suivante∎ to go by or under the name of répondre au nom de;∎ he now goes by or under another name il se fait appeler autrement maintenant∎ flats are going cheap at the moment les appartements ne se vendent pas très cher en ce moment;∎ the necklace went for £350 le collier s'est vendu 350 livres;∎ going, going, gone! (at auction) une fois, deux fois, adjugé!G.∎ the contract is to go to a private firm le contrat ira à une entreprise privée;∎ credit should go to the teachers le mérite en revient aux enseignants;∎ every penny will go to charity tout l'argent va ou est destiné à une œuvre de bienfaisance∎ a small portion of the budget went on education une petite part du budget a été consacrée ou est allée à l'éducation;∎ all his money goes on drink tout son argent part dans la boisson(c) (contribute) contribuer, servir;∎ all that just goes to prove my point tout ça confirme bien ce que j'ai dit;∎ it has all the qualities that go to make a good film ça a toutes les qualités d'un bon film(d) (have recourse) avoir recours, recourir;∎ to go to arbitration recourir à l'arbitrageH.(a) (be compatible → colours, flavours) aller ensemble;∎ orange and mauve don't really go l'orange et le mauve ne vont pas vraiment ensemble∎ let me know if you hear of any jobs going faites-moi savoir si vous entendez parler d'un emploi;∎ are there any flats going for rent in this building? y a-t-il des appartements à louer dans cet immeuble?;∎ familiar any whisky going? tu as un whisky à m'offrir?□∎ we can't go much longer without water nous ne pourrons pas tenir beaucoup plus longtemps sans eau∎ we'll only stop if you're really desperate to go on ne s'arrête que si tu ne tiens vraiment plus;∎ I went before I came j'ai fait avant de venir∎ 5 into 60 goes 12 60 divisé par 5 égale 12;∎ 6 into 5 won't go 5 n'est pas divisible par 6∎ she isn't bad, as teachers go elle n'est pas mal comme enseignante;∎ as houses go, it's pretty cheap ce n'est pas cher pour une maison;∎ as things go today par les temps qui courent;∎ there goes my chance of winning a prize je peux abandonner tout espoir de gagner un prix;∎ there you go again, always blaming other people ça y est, toujours à rejeter la responsabilité sur les autres;∎ there you go, two hamburgers and a coke et voici, deux hamburgers et un Coca;∎ there you go, what did I tell you? voilà ou tiens, qu'est-ce que je t'avais dit!(a) (follow, proceed along) aller, suivre;∎ if we go this way, we'll get there much more quickly si nous passons par là, nous arriverons bien plus vite∎ we've only gone 5 kilometres nous n'avons fait que 5 kilomètres;∎ she went the whole length of the street before coming back elle a descendu toute la rue avant de revenir∎ ducks go "quack" les canards font "coin-coin";∎ the clock goes "tick tock" l'horloge fait "tic tac";∎ the gun went bang et pan! le coup est parti;∎ familiar then he goes "hand it over" puis il fait "donne-le-moi"∎ to go 10 risquer 10;∎ Cards to go no/two trumps annoncer sans/deux atout(s);∎ figurative to go one better (than sb) surenchérir (sur qn)∎ I could really go a beer je me paierais bien une bière∎ familiar how goes it? ça marche?3 noun∎ to have a go at sth/doing sth essayer qch/de faire qch;∎ he had another go il a fait une nouvelle tentative, il a ressayé;∎ have another go! encore un coup!;∎ I've never tried it but I'll give it a go je n'ai encore jamais fait l'expérience mais je vais essayer;∎ she passed her exams first go elle a eu ses examens du premier coup;∎ he knocked down all the skittles at one go il a renversé toutes les quilles d'un coup;∎ £1 a go (at fair etc) une livre la partie ou le tour;∎ to have a go on the dodgems faire un tour d'autos tamponneuses;∎ he wouldn't let me have or give me a go (on his bicycle etc) il ne voulait pas me laisser l'essayer∎ it's your go c'est ton tour ou c'est à toi (de jouer);∎ whose go is it? à qui de jouer?, à qui le tour?∎ to be full of go avoir plein d'énergie, être très dynamique;∎ she's got plenty of go elle est pleine d'entrain;∎ the new man has no go in him le nouveau manque d'entrain∎ he's made a go of the business il a réussi à faire marcher l'affaire;∎ to make a go of a marriage réussir un mariage;∎ I tried to persuade her but it was no go j'ai essayé de la convaincre mais il n'y avait rien à faire∎ short hair is all the go les cheveux courts sont le dernier cri ou font fureur∎ they had a real go at one another! qu'est-ce qu'ils se sont mis!;∎ she had a go at her boyfriend elle a passé un de ces savons à son copain;∎ British police have warned the public not to have a go, the fugitive may be armed la police a prévenu la population de ne pas s'en prendre au fugitif car il pourrait être armé;∎ it's all go ça n'arrête pas!;∎ all systems go! c'est parti!;∎ the shuttle is go for landing la navette est bonne ou est parée ou a le feu vert pour l'atterrissage∎ he must be going on fifty il doit approcher de la ou aller sur la cinquantaine;∎ it was going on (for) midnight by the time we finished quand on a terminé, il était près de minuit∎ I've been on the go all day je n'ai pas arrêté de toute la journée□ ;∎ to be always on the go être toujours à trotter ou à courir, avoir la bougeotte;∎ to keep sb on the go faire trimer qn∎ I have several projects on the go at present j'ai plusieurs projets en route en ce moment□6 to go1 adverbà faire;∎ there are only three weeks/five miles to go il ne reste plus que trois semaines/cinq miles;∎ five done, three to go cinq de faits, trois à faire➲ go about∎ policemen usually go about in pairs en général, les policiers circulent par deux;∎ you can't go about saying things like that! il ne faut pas raconter des choses pareilles!(a) (get on with) s'occuper de;∎ to go about one's business vaquer à ses occupations(b) (set about) se mettre à;∎ she showed me how to go about it elle m'a montré comment faire ou comment m'y prendre;∎ how do you go about applying for the job? comment doit-on s'y prendre ou faire pour postuler l'emploi?∎ her son goes about with an older crowd son fils fréquente des gens plus âgés que lui;∎ he's going about with Rachel these days il sort avec Rachel en ce momenttraversertraverser;∎ your brother has just gone across to the shop ton frère est allé faire un saut au magasin en face∎ he goes after all the women il court après toutes les femmes;∎ I'm going after that job je vais essayer d'obtenir cet emploi(a) (disregard) aller contre, aller à l'encontre de;∎ she went against my advice elle n'a pas suivi mon conseil;∎ I went against my mother's wishes je suis allé contre ou j'ai contrarié les désirs de ma mère(b) (conflict with) contredire;∎ that goes against what he told me c'est en contradiction avec ou ça contredit ce qu'il m'a dit;∎ the decision went against public opinion la décision est allée à l'encontre de ou a heurté l'opinion publique;∎ it goes against my principles c'est contre mes principes(c) (be unfavourable to → of luck, situation) être contraire à; (→ of opinion) être défavorable à; (→ of behaviour, evidence) nuire à, être préjudiciable à;∎ the verdict went against the defendant le verdict a été défavorable à l'accusé ou a été prononcé contre l'accusé;∎ if luck should go against him si la chance lui était contraire;∎ her divorce may go against her winning the election son divorce pourrait nuire à ses chances de gagner les élections∎ he went ahead of us il est parti avant nous;∎ I let him go ahead of me in the queue je l'ai fait passer devant moi dans la queue∎ go ahead! tell me! vas-y! dis-le-moi!;∎ the mayor allowed the demonstrations to go ahead le maire a permis aux manifestations d'avoir lieu;∎ the move had gone ahead as planned le déménagement s'était déroulé comme prévu;∎ to go ahead with sth démarrer qch;∎ they're going ahead with the project after all ils ont finalement décidé de mener le projet à bien;∎ he went ahead and did it (without hesitating) il l'a fait sans l'ombre d'une hésitation; (despite warnings) rien ne l'a arrêté(c) (advance, progress) progresser, faire des progrès(a) (move from one place to another) aller, avancer;∎ go along and ask your mother va demander à ta mère;∎ she went along with them to the fair elle les a accompagnés ou elle est allée avec eux à la foire;∎ we can talk it over as we go along nous pouvons en discuter en chemin ou en cours de route;∎ I just make it up as I go along j'invente au fur et à mesure(b) (progress) se dérouler, se passer;∎ things were going along nicely tout allait ou se passait bien(c) (go to meeting, party etc) aller(decision, order) accepter, s'incliner devant; (rule) observer, respecter;∎ that's what they decided and I went along with it c'est la décision qu'ils ont prise et je l'ai acceptée;∎ I go along with the committee on that point je suis d'accord avec ou je soutiens le comité sur ce point;∎ I can't go along with you on that je ne suis pas d'accord avec vous là-dessus;∎ he went along with his father's wishes il s'est conformé aux ou a respecté les désirs de son père(a) (habitually) passer son temps à;∎ he goes around mumbling to himself il passe son temps à radoter;∎ she just goes around annoying everyone elle passe son temps à énerver tout le monde;∎ he goes around in black leather il se promène toujours en ou il est toujours habillé en cuir noir∎ will that belt go around your waist? est-ce que cette ceinture sera assez grande pour toi?∎ they were still going at it the next day ils y étaient encore le lendemain;∎ she went at the cleaning with a will elle s'est attaquée au nettoyage avec ardeurpartir, s'en aller;∎ go away! va-t'en!;∎ I'm going away for a few days je pars pour quelques jours;∎ she's gone away to think about it elle est partie réfléchir∎ she went back to bed elle est retournée au lit, elle s'est recouchée;∎ to go back to sleep se rendormir;∎ they went back home ils sont rentrés chez eux ou à la maison;∎ I went back downstairs/upstairs je suis redescendu/remonté;∎ to go back to work (continue task) se remettre au travail; (return to place of work) retourner travailler; (return to employment) reprendre le travail;∎ to go back on one's steps rebrousser chemin, revenir sur ses pas;∎ let's go back to chapter two revenons ou retournons au deuxième chapitre;∎ we went back to the beginning nous avons recommencé;∎ let's go back to why you said that revenons à la question de savoir pourquoi vous avez dit ça;∎ the clocks go back one hour today on retarde les pendules d'une heure aujourd'hui∎ go back! recule!∎ we went back to the old system nous sommes revenus à l'ancien système;∎ he went back to his old habits il a repris ses anciennes habitudes;∎ the conversation kept going back to the same subject la conversation revenait sans cesse sur le même sujet;∎ men are going back to wearing their hair long les hommes reviennent aux cheveux longs ou se laissent à nouveau pousser les cheveux∎ our records go back to 1850 nos archives remontent à 1850;∎ this building goes back to the Revolution ce bâtiment date de ou remonte à la Révolution;∎ familiar we go back a long way, Brad and me ça remonte à loin, Brad et moi(e) (extend, reach) s'étendre;∎ the garden goes back 150 metres le jardin s'étend sur 150 mètres(fail to keep → agreement) rompre, violer; (→ promise) manquer à, revenir sur;∎ they went back on their decision ils sont revenus sur leur décision;∎ he won't go back on his word il ne manquera pas à sa parole(precede) passer devant; (happen before) précéder;∎ that question has nothing to do with what went before cette question n'a rien à voir avec ce qui précède ou avec ce qui a été dit avant;∎ the election was like nothing that had gone before l'élection ne ressemblait en rien aux précédentes;∎ euphemism those who have gone before (the dead) ceux qui nous ont précédés∎ we are indebted to those who have gone before us nous devons beaucoup à ceux qui nous ont précédés∎ your suggestion will go before the committee votre suggestion sera soumise au comité;∎ to go before a judge/jury passer devant un juge/un jury;∎ the matter went before the court l'affaire est allée devant les tribunauxNautical descendre dans l'entrepont➲ go by(pass → car, person) passer; (→ time) passer, s'écouler;∎ as the years go by avec les années, à mesure que les années passent;∎ in days or in times or in years gone by autrefois, jadis;∎ to let an opportunity go by laisser passer une occasion(a) (act in accordance with, be guided by) suivre, se baser sur;∎ don't go by the map ne vous fiez pas à la carte;∎ I'll go by what the boss says je me baserai sur ce que dit le patron;∎ he goes by the rules il suit le règlement(b) (judge by) juger d'après;∎ going by her accent, I'd say she's from New York si j'en juge d'après son accent, je dirais qu'elle vient de New York;∎ you can't go by appearances on ne peut pas juger d'après ou sur les apparences∎ to go by a different/false name être connu sous un nom différent/un faux nom;∎ the product goes by the name of "Bango" in France ce produit est vendu sous le nom de "Bango" en France➲ go down(a) (descend, move to lower level) descendre;∎ he went down on all fours or on his hands and knees il s'est mis à quatre pattes;∎ going down! (in lift) on descend!, pour descendre!(b) (proceed, travel) aller;∎ we're going down to Tours/the country/the shop nous allons à Tours/à la campagne/au magasin(c) (set → moon, sun) se coucher, tomber(e) (decrease, decline → level, price, quality) baisser; (→ amount, numbers) diminuer; (→ rate, temperature) baisser, s'abaisser; (→ fever) baisser, tomber; (→ tide) descendre;∎ the dollar is going down in value le dollar perd de sa valeur, le dollar est en baisse;∎ eggs are going down (in price) le prix des œufs baisse;∎ my weight has gone down j'ai perdu du poids;∎ he's gone down in my estimation il a baissé dans mon estime;∎ the neighbourhood's really gone down since then le quartier ne s'est vraiment pas arrangé depuis;∎ to have gone down in the world avoir connu des jours meilleurs(g) (food, medicine) descendre;∎ this wine goes down very smoothly ce vin se laisse boire (comme du petit-lait)(h) (produce specified reaction) être reçu;∎ a cup of coffee would go down nicely une tasse de café serait la bienvenue;∎ his speech went down badly/well son discours a été mal/bien reçu;∎ how will the proposal go down with the students? comment les étudiants vont-ils prendre la proposition?;∎ that kind of talk doesn't go down well with me je n'apprécie pas du tout ce genre de propos∎ Mexico went down to Germany le Mexique s'est incliné devant l'Allemagne;∎ Madrid went down to Milan by three points Milan a battu Madrid de trois points;∎ I'm not going to go down without a fight je me battrai jusqu'à la fin(j) (be relegated) descendre;∎ our team has gone down to the second division notre équipe est descendue en deuxième division∎ this day will go down in history ce jour restera une date historique;∎ she will go down in history as a woman of great courage elle entrera dans l'histoire grâce à son grand courage(l) (reach as far as) descendre, s'étendre;∎ this path goes down to the beach ce sentier va ou descend à la plage(m) (continue as far as) aller, continuer;∎ go down to the end of the street allez ou continuez jusqu'en bas de la rue∎ the computer's gone down l'ordinateur est en panne∎ how long do you think he'll go down for? il écopera de combien, à ton avis?;∎ he went down for three years il a écopé de trois ans(hill, stairs, ladder, street) descendre;∎ my food went down the wrong way j'ai avalé de travers;∎ Music the pianist went down an octave le pianiste a joué une octave plus bas ou a descendu d'une octave;∎ figurative I don't want to go down that road je ne veux pas m'engager là-dedansvulgar (fellate) sucer, tailler ou faire une pipe à; (perform cunnilingus on) sucer, brouter le cresson àtomber malade de;∎ he went down with pneumonia/the flu il a attrapé une pneumonie/la grippe∎ he went for a doctor il est allé ou parti chercher un médecin(b) (try to obtain) essayer d'obtenir, viser;∎ she's going for his job elle va essayer d'obtenir son poste;∎ familiar go for it! vas-y!;∎ I'd go for it if I were you! à ta place, je n'hésiterais pas!;∎ she was really going for it elle donnait vraiment son maximum∎ dogs usually go for the throat en général, les chiens attaquent à la gorge;∎ they went for each other (physically) ils se sont jetés l'un sur l'autre; (verbally) ils s'en sont pris l'un à l'autre;∎ the newspapers really went for the senator les journaux s'en sont pris au sénateur sans retenue;∎ go for him! (to dog) attaque!∎ I don't really go for that idea l'idée ne me dit pas grand-chose;∎ he really goes for her in a big way il est vraiment fou d'elle(e) (choose, prefer) choisir, préférer(f) (apply to, concern) concerner, s'appliquer à;∎ what I said goes for both of you ce que j'ai dit vaut pour ou s'applique à vous deux;∎ pollution is a real problem in Paris - that goes for Rome too la pollution pose un énorme problème à Paris - c'est la même chose à Rome;∎ and the same goes for me et moi aussi(g) (have as result) servir à;∎ his twenty years of service went for nothing ses vingt ans de service n'ont servi à rien∎ she has a lot going for her elle a beaucoup d'atouts;∎ that idea hasn't got much going for it frankly cette idée n'est franchement pas très convaincante∎ the army went forth into battle l'armée s'est mise en route pour la bataille;∎ Bible go forth and multiply croissez et multipliez-vous∎ the command went forth that… il fut décrété que…(s')avancer;∎ the clocks go forward tomorrow on avance les pendules demain;∎ if this scheme goes forward… si ce projet est accepté…∎ it's cold - let's go in il fait froid - entrons;∎ it's too big, it won't go in c'est trop grand, ça ne rentrera pas(b) (disappear → moon, sun) se cacher(a) (engage in → activity, hobby, sport) pratiquer, faire; (→ occupation) se consacrer à; (→ politics) s'occuper de, faire;∎ she went in for company law elle s'est lancée dans le droit commercial;∎ he thought about going in for teaching il a pensé devenir enseignant∎ I don't go in much for opera je n'aime pas trop l'opéra, l'opéra ne me dit rien;∎ he goes in for special effects in a big way il est très branché effets spéciaux;∎ we don't go in for that kind of film nous n'aimons pas ce genre de film;∎ this publisher doesn't really go in for fiction cet éditeur ne fait pas tellement dans le roman∎ they don't go in for injections so much nowadays ils ne sont pas tellement pour les piqûres de nos jours;∎ why do scientists go in for all that jargon? pourquoi est-ce que les scientifiques utilisent tout ce jargon?(e) (apply for → job, position) poser sa candidature à, postuler(a) (enter → building, house) entrer dans; (→ activity, profession) entrer à ou dans; (→ politics, business) se lancer dans;∎ she's gone into hospital elle est (r)entrée à l'hôpital;∎ to go into the army (as profession) devenir militaire de carrière; (as conscript) partir au service;∎ he went into medicine il a choisi la médecine(b) (be invested → of effort, money, time)∎ a lot of care had gone into making her feel at home on s'était donné beaucoup de peine pour la mettre à l'aise;∎ two months of research went into our report nous avons mis ou investi deux mois de recherche dans notre rapport(c) (embark on → action) commencer à; (→ explanation, speech) se lancer ou s'embarquer dans, (se mettre à) donner; (→ problem) aborder;∎ I'll go into the problem of your taxes later j'aborderai le problème de vos impôts plus tard;∎ the car went into a skid la voiture a commencé à déraper;∎ to go into hysterics avoir une crise de nerfs;∎ to go into fits of laughter être pris d'un fou rire(d) (examine, investigate) examiner, étudier;∎ you need to go into the question more deeply vous devez examiner le problème de plus près;∎ the matter is being gone into l'affaire est à l'étude(e) (explain in depth) entrer dans;∎ the essay goes into the moral aspects of the question l'essai aborde les aspects moraux de la question;∎ I won't go into details je ne vais pas entrer dans les détails;∎ let's not go into that ne parlons pas de ça(f) (begin to wear) se mettre à porter;∎ to go into mourning prendre le deuil(g) (hit, run into) entrer dans;∎ a car went into him une voiture lui est rentrée dedans∎ to go into a file aller dans un fichier➲ go off∎ she went off to work elle est partie travailler;∎ her husband has gone off and left her son mari l'a quittée;∎ Theatre the actors went off les acteurs ont quitté la scène(b) (stop operating → light, radio) s'éteindre; (→ heating) s'éteindre, s'arrêter; (→ pain) partir, s'arrêter;∎ the electricity went off l'électricité a été coupée∎ the grenade went off in her hand la grenade a explosé dans sa main;∎ the gun didn't go off le coup n'est pas parti;∎ figurative to go off into fits of laughter être pris d'un fou rire(d) (have specified outcome) se passer;∎ the interview went off badly/well l'entretien s'est mal/bien passé;∎ her speech went off well son discours a été bien reçu(e) (fall asleep) s'endormir(f) British (deteriorate → food) s'avarier, se gâter; (→ milk) tourner; (→ butter) rancir; (→ athlete, sportsperson) perdre sa forme;∎ the play goes off in the second half la pièce se gâte pendant la seconde partie∎ he's gone off classical music/smoking il n'aime plus la musique classique/fumer, la musique classique/fumer ne l'intéresse plus;∎ I've gone off the idea cette idée ne me dit plus rien;∎ she's gone off her boyfriend son copain ne l'intéresse plus;∎ funny how you can go off people c'est drôle comme on se lasse des gens parfois(a) (leave with) partir avec;∎ he went off with the woman next door il est parti avec la voisine(b) (make off with) partir avec;∎ someone has gone off with his keys quelqu'un est parti avec ses clés;∎ he went off with the jewels il s'est enfui avec les bijoux➲ go on(a) (move, proceed) aller; (without stopping) poursuivre son chemin; (after stopping) repartir, se remettre en route;∎ you go on, I'll catch up allez-y, je vous rattraperai (en chemin);∎ they went on without us ils sont partis sans nous;∎ after dinner they went on to Susan's house après le dîner, ils sont allés chez Susan;∎ we went on home nous sommes rentrés(b) (continue action) continuer;∎ she went on (with her) reading elle a continué à ou de lire;∎ the chairman went on speaking le président a continué son discours;∎ "and that's not all", he went on "et ce n'est pas tout", a-t-il poursuivi;∎ you can't go on being a student for ever! tu ne peux pas être étudiant toute ta vie!;∎ go on looking! cherchez encore!;∎ go on, ask her vas-y, demande-lui;∎ familiar go on, be a devil vas-y, laisse-toi tenter!;∎ go on, I'm listening continuez, je vous écoute;∎ I can't go on like this! je ne peux plus continuer comme ça!;∎ if he goes on like this, he'll get fired s'il continue comme ça, il va se faire renvoyer;∎ their affair has been going on for years leur liaison dure depuis des années;∎ the party went on into the small hours la soirée s'est prolongée jusqu'à très tôt le matin;∎ life goes on la vie continue ou va son train;∎ they have enough (work) to be going on with ils ont du pain sur la planche ou de quoi faire pour le moment;∎ here's £25 to be going on with voilà 25 livres pour te dépanner∎ he went on to explain why il a ensuite expliqué pourquoi;∎ to go on to another question passer à une autre question;∎ she went on to become a doctor elle est ensuite devenue médecin(d) (be placed, fit) aller;∎ the lid goes on this way le couvercle se met comme ça;∎ I can't get the lid to go on je n'arrive pas à mettre le couvercle;∎ the cap goes on the other end le bouchon se met ou va sur l'autre bout(e) (happen, take place) se passer;∎ what's going on here? qu'est-ce qui se passe ici?;∎ there was a fight going on il y avait une bagarre;∎ a lot of cheating goes on during the exams on triche beaucoup pendant les examens;∎ several conversations were going on at once il y avait plusieurs conversations à la fois;∎ while the war was going on pendant la guerre∎ as the week went on au fur et à mesure que la semaine passait;∎ as time goes on avec le temps, à mesure que le temps passe∎ she does go on! elle n'arrête pas de parler!, c'est un vrai moulin à paroles!;∎ he goes on and on about politics il parle politique sans cesse;∎ don't go on about it! ça va, on a compris!;∎ I don't want to go on about it, but... je ne voudrais pas avoir l'air d'insister, mais...;∎ what are you going on about now? qu'est-ce que vous racontez?∎ what a way to go on! en voilà des manières!(i) (start operating → light, radio, television) s'allumer; (→ heating, motor, power) s'allumer, se mettre en marche∎ he's going on for forty il va sur ses quarante ans(a) (enter → boat, train) monter dans∎ to go on a journey/a holiday partir en voyage/en vacances;∎ to go on a diet se mettre au régime(c) (be guided by) se laisser guider par, se fonder ou se baser sur;∎ the detective didn't have much to go on le détective n'avait pas grand-chose sur quoi s'appuyer ou qui puisse le guider;∎ she goes a lot on instinct elle se fie beaucoup à ou se fonde beaucoup sur son instinct∎ he's going on forty-five il va sur ses quarante-cinq ans;∎ humorous she's fifteen going on forty-five (wise) elle a quinze ans mais elle est déjà très mûre; (old beyond her years) elle a quinze ans mais elle est vieille avant l'âge∎ I don't go much on abstract art l'art abstrait ne me dit pas grand-chose∎ the boss went on and on at her at the meeting le patron n'a pas cessé de s'en prendre à elle pendant la réunion;∎ he's always going on at his wife about money il est toujours sur le dos de sa femme avec les questions d'argent;∎ I went on at my mother to go and see the doctor j'ai embêté ma mère pour qu'elle aille voir le médecin;∎ don't go on at me! laisse-moi tranquille!∎ my parents made us go out of the room mes parents nous ont fait sortir de la pièce ou quitter la pièce;∎ to go out for a meal aller au restaurant;∎ to go out to dinner sortir dîner;∎ to go out for a walk aller se promener, aller faire une promenade;∎ she's gone out to get a paper elle est sortie (pour) acheter un journal;∎ they went out to the country ils sont allés ou ils ont fait une sortie à la campagne;∎ she goes out to work elle travaille en dehors de la maison ou hors de chez elle;∎ he went out of her life il est sorti de sa vie;∎ she was dressed to go out (ready to leave) elle était prête à sortir; (dressed up) elle était très habillée∎ they went out to Africa (travelled) ils sont partis en Afrique; (emigrated) ils sont partis vivre ou ils ont émigré en Afrique∎ to go out with sb sortir avec qn;∎ we've been going out together for a month ça fait un mois que nous sortons ensemble(d) (fire, light) s'éteindre(e) (disappear) disparaître;∎ the joy went out of her eyes la joie a disparu de son regard;∎ the spring went out of his step il a perdu sa démarche légère;∎ all the heart went out of her elle a perdu courage(f) (cease to be fashionable) passer de mode, se démoder;∎ to go out of style/fashion ne plus être le bon style/à la mode;∎ familiar that hairstyle went out with the ark cette coiffure remonte au déluge∎ the tide has gone out la marée est descendue, la mer s'est retirée;∎ the tide goes out 6 kilometres la mer se retire sur 6 kilomètres∎ I went out to see for myself j'ai décidé de voir par moi-même;∎ we have to go out and do something about this il faut que nous prenions des mesures ou que nous fassions quelque chose(i) (be sent → letter) être envoyé; (be published → brochure, pamphlet) être distribué; (be broadcast → radio or television programme) être diffusé(j) (feelings, sympathies) aller;∎ our thoughts go out to all those who suffer nos pensées vont vers tous ceux qui souffrent;∎ my heart goes out to her je suis de tout cœur avec elle dans son chagrin∎ Agassi went out to Henman Agassi s'est fait sortir par Henman∎ she went all out to help us elle a fait tout son possible pour nous aider□➲ go over(a) (move overhead) passer;∎ I just saw a plane go over je viens de voir passer un avion∎ I went over to see her je suis allé la voir;∎ they went over to talk to her ils sont allés lui parler;∎ to go over to Europe aller en Europe(d) (change, switch) changer;∎ I've gone over to another brand of washing powder je viens de changer de marque de lessive;∎ when will we go over to the metric system? quand est-ce qu'on va passer au système métrique?(e) (change allegiance) passer, se joindre;∎ he's gone over to the Socialists il est passé dans le camp des socialistes;∎ she went over to the enemy elle est passée à l'ennemi(f) (be received) passer;∎ the speech went over badly/well le discours a mal/bien passé(a) (move, travel over) passer par-dessus;∎ the horse went over the fence le cheval a sauté (par-dessus) la barrière;∎ we went over a bump on a pris une bosse∎ would you go over my report? voulez-vous regarder mon rapport?(c) (repeat) répéter; (review → notes, speech) réviser, revoir; (→ facts) récapituler, revoir; School réviser;∎ she went over the interview in her mind elle a repassé l'entretien dans son esprit;∎ I kept going over everything leading up to the accident je continuais de repenser à tous les détails qui avaient conduit à l'accident;∎ let's go over it again reprenons, récapitulons;∎ he goes over and over the same stories il rabâche les mêmes histoires∎ let's go over now to our Birmingham studios passons l'antenne à notre studio de Birmingham;∎ we're going over live now to Paris nous allons maintenant à Paris où nous sommes en direct(move in front of) passer devant; (move beyond) dépasser➲ go round∎ is there enough cake to go round? est-ce qu'il y a assez de gâteau pour tout le monde?;∎ to make the food go round ménager la nourriture∎ we went round to his house nous sommes allés chez lui;∎ I'm going round there later on j'y vais plus tard(d) (be continuously present → idea, tune)∎ that song keeps going round in my head j'ai cette chanson dans la tête(e) (spin → wheel) tourner;∎ figurative my head's going round j'ai la tête qui tourne(f) (make a detour) faire un détour;∎ to go round the long way faire un long détour(tour → museum) faire le tour de;∎ I hate going round the shops j'ai horreur de faire les boutiques(a) (crowd, tunnel) traverser;∎ figurative a shiver went through her un frisson l'a parcourue ou traversée(b) (endure, experience) subir, souffrir;∎ he's going through hell c'est l'enfer pour lui;∎ we all have to go through it sometime on doit tous y passer un jour ou l'autre;∎ I can't face going through all that again je ne supporterais pas de passer par là une deuxième fois;∎ after everything she's gone through après tout ce qu'elle a subi ou enduré;∎ we've gone through a lot together nous avons vécu beaucoup de choses ensemble∎ she goes through a pair of tights a week elle use une paire de collants par semaine;∎ I've gone through the toes of my socks j'ai usé ou troué mes chaussettes au bout;∎ humorous how many assistants has he gone through now? combien d'assistants a-t-il déjà eus?;∎ his novel has gone through six editions il y a déjà eu six éditions de son roman(d) (examine → accounts, document) examiner, vérifier; (→ list, proposal) éplucher; (→ mail) dépouiller; (→ drawer, pockets) fouiller (dans); (→ files) chercher dans; (sort) trier;∎ we went through the contract together nous avons regardé ou examiné le contrat ensemble;∎ did customs go through your suitcase? est-ce qu'ils ont fouillé votre valise à la douane?;∎ he went through her pockets il a fouillé ses poches(e) (of bill, law) être voté;∎ the bill went through Parliament last week le projet de loi a été voté la semaine dernière au Parlement∎ Music let's go through the introduction again reprenons l'introduction;∎ we had to go through the whole business of applying for a visa nous avons dû nous farcir toutes les démarches pour obtenir un visa∎ let's go through it again from the beginning reprenons dès le début(a) (travel through, penetrate) passer, traverser(b) (offer, proposal) être accepté; (business deal) être conclu, se faire; (bill, law) passer, être voté; (divorce) être prononcé;∎ the adoption finally went through l'adoption s'est faite finalement∎ to go through with sth aller jusqu'au bout de qch, exécuter qch;∎ he'll never go through with it il n'ira jamais jusqu'au bout;∎ they went through with their threat ils ont exécuté leur menace∎ the two things often go together les deux choses vont souvent de pair(a) (move towards) aller vers(b) (effort, money) être consacré à;∎ all her energy went towards fighting illiteracy elle a dépensé toute son énergie à combattre l'analphabétisme➲ go under(b) figurative (fail → business) couler, faire faillite; (→ project) couler, échouer; (→ person) échouer, sombrer(c) (under anaesthetic) s'endormir(a) (move, travel underneath) passer par-dessous∎ to go under a false/different name utiliser ou prendre un faux nom/un nom différent;∎ a glue that goes under the name of Stikit une colle qui s'appelle Stikit➲ go up∎ to go up to town aller en ville;∎ I'm going up to bed je monte me coucher;∎ have you ever gone up in an aeroplane? êtes-vous déjà monté en avion?;∎ going up! (in lift) on monte!;∎ to go up in the world faire son chemin(b) (increase → amount, numbers) augmenter, croître; (→ price) monter, augmenter; (→ temperature) monter, s'élever;∎ rents are going up les loyers sont en hausse;∎ meat is going up (in price) (le prix de) la viande augmente;∎ to go up in sb's estimation monter dans l'estime de qn(c) (sudden noise) s'élever;∎ a shout went up un cri s'éleva∎ new buildings are going up all over town de nouveaux immeubles surgissent dans toute la ville(e) (explode, be destroyed) sauter, exploser∎ before the curtain goes up avant le lever du rideau∎ she went up to Oxford in 1950 elle est entrée à Oxford en 1950∎ he went up for murder il a fait de la taule pour meurtre∎ they look set to go up to the First Division ils ont l'air prêts à entrer en première divisionmonter;∎ to go up a hill/ladder monter une colline/sur une échelle;∎ Music the pianist went up an octave le pianiste a monté d'une octave;∎ to go up to sb/sth se diriger vers qn/qch;∎ the path goes up to the front door le chemin mène à la porte d'entrée∎ the book only goes up to the end of the war le livre ne va que jusqu'à la fin de la guerre;∎ I will go up to £100 je veux bien aller jusqu'à 100 livres(a) (accompany, escort) accompagner, aller avec;∎ figurative to go with the crowd suivre la foule ou le mouvement;∎ you have to go with the times il faut vivre avec son temps(b) (be compatible → colours, flavours) aller avec;∎ that hat doesn't go with your suit ce chapeau ne va pas avec ton ensemble;∎ a white Burgundy goes well with snails le bourgogne blanc se marie bien ou va bien avec les escargots(c) (be part of) aller avec;∎ the flat goes with the job l'appartement va avec le poste;∎ the sense of satisfaction that goes with having done a good job le sentiment de satisfaction qu'apporte le travail bien fait;∎ mathematical ability usually goes with skill at chess des capacités en mathématiques vont souvent de pair avec un don pour les échecs∎ euphemism he's been going with other women (having sex) il a été avec d'autres femmesse passer de, se priver de;∎ he went without sleep or without sleeping for two days il n'a pas dormi pendant deux jourss'en passer;∎ we'll just have to go without il faudra s'en passer, c'est toutⓘ Do not pass go, (do not collect £200/$200) Au Monopoly les joueurs tirent parfois une carte qui les envoie sur la case "prison". Sur cette carte sont inscrits les mots do not pass go, do not collect £200 (ou bien do not collect $200 s'il s'agit de la version américaine). Cette phrase, dont la version française est "ne passez pas par la case départ, ne recevez pas 20 000 francs", est utilisée de façon allusive et sur le mode humoristique dans différents contextes: on dira par exemple you do that again and you're going straight to jail, Bill. Do not pass go, do not collect $200 ("refais ça, Bill, et je t'assure que tu iras droit en prison). On peut également utiliser cette expression lorsque quelqu'un essaie de mener un projet à bien mais rencontre des obstacles: the country is trying hard to get back on its feet but because of the civil war it has not even been allowed to pass go, let alone collect £200 ("le pays fait de son mieux pour se rétablir mais la guerre civile n'arrange rien, bien au contraire").ⓘ Go ahead, make my day C'est la formule prononcée par l'inspecteur Harry Callahan (incarné par Clint Eastwood) dans le film Sudden Impact (1983) lorsqu'il se trouve confronté à un gangster. Il s'agit d'une façon d'encourager le bandit à se servir de son arme afin de pouvoir l'abattre en état de légitime défense: "allez, vas-y, fais-moi plaisir". On utilise cette formule par allusion au film et en réaction à une personne qui vient de proférer des menaces. Ainsi, le président Reagan s'en servit en s'adressant à des travailleurs qui menaçaient de se mettre en grève. -
103 Berry, George
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. Missouri, USA fl. 1880s[br]American farmer who developed the first steam-powered, self-propelled combine harvester.[br]Born in Missouri, George Berry moved to a 4,000 acre (1,600 hectare) farm at Lindsay in California, and between 1881 and 1886 built himself a steam-driven combine harvester. Berry's machine was the first self-propelled harvester and the first to use straw as a fuel. A single boiler powered two engines: a 26 hp (19 kW) Mitchell Fisher engine provided the forward drive, whilst a 6 hp (4 kW) Westinghouse engine drove the threshing mechanism. Cleaned straw was passed by conveyor back to the firebox, where it provided the main fuel. The original machine had a 22 ft cut, but a later machine extended this to 40 ft and harvested 50 acres a day, although on one occasion it achieved the distinction of being the first harvester to cut over 100 acres in one day. The traction engine used for motive power was removable and was used after harvest for ploughing. It was the first engine to be capable of forward and reverse motion.In later life Berry moved into politics, becoming a member of the California Senate for Inyo and Tulare in the 1890s.[br]Further ReadingG.Quick and W.Buchele, 1978, The Grain Harvesters, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (gives an account of combine-harvester development).AP -
104 Brown, Charles Eugene Lancelot
[br]b. 17 June 1863 Winterthur, Switzerlandd. 2 May 1924 Montagnola, Italy[br]English engineer who developed polyphase electrical generation and transmission plant.[br]After attending the Technical College in Winterthur, Brown served with Emile Burgin in Basle before entering the Oerlikon engineering works near Zurich. Two years later he became Director of the electrical department of Oerlikon and from that time was involved in the development of electrical equipment for the generation and distribution of power. The Lauffen-Frankfurt 110-mile (177 km) transmission line of 1891 demonstrated the commercial feasibility of transmitting electrical power over great distances with three-phase alternating current. For this he designed a generator and early examples of oil-cooled transformers, and the scheme gave an impetus to the development of electric-power transmission throughout Europe. In 1891, in association with Walter Boveri, Brown founded the works of Brown Boveri \& Co. at Baden, Switzerland, and until his retirement in 1911 he devoted his energies to the design of polyphase alternating-current machinery. Important installations included the Frankfurt electricity works (1894), the Paderno-Milan transmission line, and the Lugano tramway of 1894, the first system in Europe to use three-phase traction motors. This tramway was followed by many other polyphase and mountain railways. The acquisition by Brown Boveri \& Co. in 1900 of the manufacturing rights of the Parsons steam turbine directed Brown's attention to problems associated with high-speed machines. Recognizing the high centrifugal stress involved, he began to employ solid cylindrical generator rotors with slots for the excitation winding, a method that has come to be universally adopted in large alternators.[br]Bibliography3 December 1901, British patent no. 24,632 (slotted rotor for alternators).Further ReadingObituary, 1924, The Engineer 137:543.Ake T.Vrenthem, 1980, Jonas Wenstrom and the Three Phase System, Stockholm, pp. 26–8 (obituary).75 Years of Brown Boveri, 1966, Baden, Switzerland (for a company history).GWBiographical history of technology > Brown, Charles Eugene Lancelot
-
105 Case, Jerome Increase
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1819 Williamstown, Oswego County, New York, USAd. 1891 USA[br]American manufacturer and founder of the Case company of agricultural engineers.[br]J.I.Case was the son of a former and began his working life operating the family's Groundhog threshing machine. He moved into contract threshing, and used the money he earned to pay his way through a business academy. He became the agent for the Groundhog thresher in his area and at the age of 23 decided to move west, taking six machines with him. He sold five of these to obtain working capital, and in 1842 moved from Williamstown, New York, to Rochester, Wisconsin, where he established his manufacturing company. He produced the first combined thresher-winnower in the US in 1843. Two years later he moved to Racine, on the shores of Lake Michigan in the same state. Within four years the Case company became Racine's biggest company and largest employer, a position it was to retain into the twentieth century. As early as 1860 Case was shipping threshing machines around the Horn to California.Apart from having practical expertise Case was also a skilled demonstrator, and it was this combination which resulted in the sure growth of his company. In 1869 he produced his first portable steam engine and in 1876 his first traction engine. By the mid 1870s he was selling a significant proportion of the machines in use in America. By 1878 Case threshing machines had penetrated the European market, and in 1885 sales to South America began. Case also became the world's largest manufacturer of steam engines.J.I.Case himself, whilst still actively involved with the company, also became involved in politics. He was Mayor of Racine for three terms and State Senator for two. He was also President of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Racine and Founder of the First National Bank of Burlington. He founded the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts and Letters and was President of the Racine County Agricultural Society. He had time for sport and was owner of the world's all-time champion trotter-pacer.Continued expansion of the company after J.I. Case's death led eventually to its acquisition by Tenneco in 1967, and in 1985 the company took over International Harvester. As Case I.H. it continues to produce a full range of agricultural, earth-moving and heavy-transport equipment.[br]Further ReadingDespite the size and importance of the company he created, very little has been written about Case. On particular anniversaries the company has produced celebratory publications, and surprisingly these still seem to be the main source of information about him.R.B.Gray, 1975, The Agricultural Tractor 1855–1950, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (traces the history of power on the farm, in which Case and his machines played such an important role).AP -
106 Diggle, Squire
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]fl. c.1845 England[br]English inventor of a mechanized drop box for shuttles on power looms.[br]Robert Kay improved his father John's flying shuttle by inventing the drop box, in which up to four shuttles could be stored one below the other. The weaver's left hand controlled levers and catches to raise or lower the drop box in order to bring the appropriate shuttle into line with the shuttle race on the slay. The shuttle could then be driven across the loom, leaving its particular type or colour of weft. On the earliest power looms of Edmund Cartwright in 1785, and for many years later, it was possible to use only one shuttle. In 1845 Squire Diggle of Bury, Lancashire, took out a patent for mechanizing the drop box so that different types or colours of weft could be woven without the weaver attending to the shuttles. He used an endless chain on which plates of different heights could be fixed to raise the boxes to the required height; later this would be operated by either the dobby or Jacquard pattern-selecting mechanisms. He took out further patents for improvements to looms. One, in 1854, was for taking up the cloth with a positive motion. Two more, in 1858, improved his drop box mechanism: the first was for actually operating the drop box, while the second was for tappet chains which operated the timing for raising the boxes.[br]Bibliography1845, British patent no. 10,462 (mechanized drop box). 1854, British patent no. 1,100 (positive uptake of cloth) 1858, British patent no. 2,297 (improved drop-box operation). 1858, British patent no. 2,704 (tappet chains).Further ReadingA.Barlow, 1878, The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and by Power, London (provides drawings of Diggle's invention).C.Singer (ed.), 1958, A History of Technology, Vol. IV, Oxford: Clarendon Press.See also: Kay, JohnRLH -
107 Hargreaves, James
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. c.1720–1 Oswaldtwistle, near Blackburn, Englandd. April 1778 Nottingham, England[br]English inventor of the first successful machine to spin more than a couple of yarns of cotton or wool at once.[br]James Hargreaves was first a carpenter and then a hand-loom weaver at Stanhill, Blackburn, probably making Blackburn Checks or Greys from linen warps and cotton weft. An invention ascribed to him doubled production in the preparatory carding process before spinning. Two or three cards were nailed to the same stock and the upper one was suspended from the ceiling by a cord and counterweight. Around 1762 Robert Peel (1750–1830) sought his assistance in constructing a carding engine with cylinders that may have originated with Daniel Bourn, but this was not successful. In 1764, inspired by seeing a spinning wheel that continued to revolve after it had been knocked over accidentally, Hargreaves invented his spinning jenny. The first jennies had horizontal wheels and could spin eight threads at once. To spin on this machine required a great deal of skill. A length of roving was passed through the clamp or clove. The left hand was used to close this and draw the roving away from the spindles which were rotated by the spinner turning the horizontal wheel with the right hand. The spindles twisted the fibres as they were being drawn out. At the end of the draw, the spindles continued to be rotated until sufficient twist had been put into the fibres to make the finished yarn. This was backed off from the tips of the spindles by reversing them and then, with the spindles turning in the spinning direction once more, the yarn was wound on by the right hand rotating the spindles, the left hand pushing the clove back towards them and one foot operating a pedal which guided the yarn onto the spindles by a faller wire. A piecer was needed to rejoin the yarns when they broke. At first Hargreaves's jenny was worked only by his family, but then he sold two or three of them, possibly to Peel. In 1768, local opposition and a riot in which his house was gutted forced him to flee to Nottingham. He entered into partnership there with Thomas James and established a cotton mill. In 1770 he followed Arkwright's example and sought to patent his machine and brought an action for infringement against some Lancashire manufacturers, who offered £3,000 in settlement. Hargreaves held out for £4,000, but he was unable to enforce his patent because he had sold jennies before leaving Lancashire. Arkwright's "water twist" was more suitable for the Nottingham hosiery industry trade than jenny yarn and in 1777 Hargreaves replaced his own machines with Arkwright's. When he died the following year, he is said to have left property valued at £7,000 and his widow received £400 for her share in the business. Once the jenny had been made public, it was quickly improved by other inventors and the number of spindles per machine increased. In 1784, there were reputed to be 20,000 jennies of 80 spindles each at work. The jenny greatly eased the shortage of cotton weft for weavers.[br]Bibliography1770, British patent no. 962 (spinning jenny).Further ReadingC.Aspin and S.D.Chapman, 1964, James Hargreaves and the Spinning Jenny, Helmshore Local History Society (the fullest account of Hargreaves's life and inventions).For descriptions of his invention, see W.English, 1969, The Textile Industry, London; R.L. Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester; and W.A.Hunter, 1951–3, "James Hargreaves and the invention of the spinning jenny", Transactions ofthe Newcomen Society 28.A.P.Wadsworth and J. de L.Mann, 1931, The Cotton Trade and Industrial Lancashire, Manchester (a good background to the whole of this period).RLH -
108 Paget, Arthur
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]fl. 1850s Loughborough, England[br]English inventor of one of the first circular, power-driven knitting machines.[br]The family firm of Paget's of Loughborough was of long standing in hosiery manufacture. They were well aware of the importance of modernizing their factory with the latest improvements in machinery, as well as developing their own inventions. They discovered Marc Brunel's circular knitting machine c.1844 and constructed many on that principle, with modifications that performed very well. Arthur Paget took out three patents. The first, was in 1857, was for making the machine self-acting so that it could be driven by power. In his patent of 1859 he introduced modifications on the earlier patent, and his third patent, in 1860, described further alterations. These machines produced excellent work with speed and accuracy.[br]Bibliography1857, British patent no. 930.1859, British patent no. 830.1860, British patent no. 624.Further ReadingW.Felkin, 1967, History of the Machine-wrought Hosiery and Lace Manufactures, reprint, Newton Abbot (orig. pub. 1867) (includes a description of Paget's inventions).RLH -
109 Westinghouse, George
[br]b. 6 October 1846 Central Bridge, New York, USAd. 12 March 1914 New York, New York, USA[br]American inventor and entrepreneur, pioneer of air brakes for railways and alternating-current distribution of electricity.[br]George Westinghouse's father was an ingenious manufacturer of agricultural implements; the son, after a spell in the Union Army during the Civil War, and subsequently in the Navy as an engineer, went to work for his father. He invented a rotary steam engine, which proved impracticable; a rerailing device for railway rolling stock in 1865; and a cast-steel frog for railway points, with longer life than the cast-iron frogs then used, in 1868–9. During the same period Westinghouse, like many other inventors, was considering how best to meet the evident need for a continuous brake for trains, i.e. one by which the driver could apply the brakes on all vehicles in a train simultaneously instead of relying on brakesmen on individual vehicles. By chance he encountered a magazine article about the construction of the Mont Cenis Tunnel, with a description of the pneumatic tools invented for it, and from this it occurred to him that compressed air might be used to operate the brakes along a train.The first prototype was ready in 1869 and the Westinghouse Air Brake Company was set up to manufacture it. However, despite impressive demonstration of the brake's powers when it saved the test train from otherwise certain collision with a horse-drawn dray on a level crossing, railways were at first slow to adopt it. Then in 1872 Westinghouse added to it the triple valve, which enabled the train pipe to charge reservoirs beneath each vehicle, from which the compressed air would apply the brakes when pressure in the train pipe was reduced. This meant that the brake was now automatic: if a train became divided, the brakes on both parts would be applied. From then on, more and more American railways adopted the Westinghouse brake and the Railroad Safety Appliance Act of 1893 made air brakes compulsory in the USA. Air brakes were also adopted in most other parts of the world, although only a minority of British railway companies took them up, the remainder, with insular reluctance, preferring the less effective vacuum brake.From 1880 Westinghouse was purchasing patents relating to means of interlocking railway signals and points; he combined them with his own inventions to produce a complete signalling system. The first really practical power signalling scheme, installed in the USA by Westinghouse in 1884, was operated pneumatically, but the development of railway signalling required an awareness of the powers of electricity, and it was probably this that first led Westinghouse to become interested in electrical processes and inventions. The Westinghouse Electric Company was formed in 1886: it pioneered the use of electricity distribution systems using high-voltage single-phase alternating current, which it developed from European practice. Initially this was violently opposed by established operators of direct-current distribution systems, but eventually the use of alternating current became widespread.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLégion d'honneur. Order of the Crown of Italy. Order of Leopold.BibliographyWestinghouse took out some 400 patents over forty-eight years.Further ReadingH.G.Prout, 1922, A Life of "George Westinghouse", London (biography inclined towards technicalities).F.E.Leupp, 1918, George Westinghouse: His Life and Achievements, Boston (London 1919) (biography inclined towards Westinghouse and his career).J.F.Stover, 1961, American Railroads, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 152–4.PJGR -
110 ever
adverb1) (always, at all times) immer; stetsever since [then] — seit [dieser Zeit]
2) in comb. with compar. adj. or adv. noch; immerget ever deeper into debt — sich noch od. immer mehr verschulden
3) in comb. with participles etc4) (at any time) je[mals]never ever — nie im Leben
nothing ever happens — es passiert nie etwas
his best performance ever — seine beste Vorstellung überhaupt
it hardly ever rains — es regnet so gut wie nie
don't you ever do that again! — mach das bloß nicht noch mal!
as ever — wie gewöhnlich; (iron.) wie gehabt
if I ever catch you doing that again — wenn ich dich dabei noch einmal erwische
the greatest tennis player ever — der größte Tennisspieler, den es je gegeben hat
5) (coll.) (emphasizing question)what ever does he want? — was will er nur?
how ever did I drop it?/could I have dropped it? — wie konnte ich es nur fallen lassen?
6) intensifieras soon as ever I can — so bald wie irgend möglich
I'm ever so sorry — (coll.) mir tut es ja so leid
thanks ever so [much] — (coll.) vielen herzlichen Dank
it was ever such a shame — (coll.) es war so schade
* * *['evə] 1. adverb1) (at any time: Nobody ever visits us; She hardly ever writes; Have you ever ridden on an elephant?; If I ever / If ever I see him again I shall get my revenge; better than ever; the brightest star they had ever seen.) jemals2) (always; continually: They lived happily ever after; I've known her ever since she was a baby.) immer3) (used for emphasis: The new doctor is ever so gentle; What ever shall I do?) immer, sonst•- academic.ru/116035/ever-">ever-- evergreen 2. noun(an evergreen tree: Firs and pines are evergreens.) immergrüne Pflanze- everlasting- everlastingly
- evermore
- for ever / forever* * *[ˈevəʳ, AM -ɚ]adv inv1. (at any time) jemalsnothing \ever happens here in the evenings hier ist abends nie was loshave you \ever been to London? bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?nobody has \ever heard of this book keiner hat je etwas von diesem Buch gehörtif \ever somebody was guilty, then that scumbag was dieser Mistkerl war todsicher schuldigit was a brilliant performance if \ever there was one dies war eine wahrhaft ausgezeichnete Darbietungif \ever you're in Dubai,... solltest du je in Dubai sein,...he rarely, if \ever does any cleaning er putzt kaum, wenn überhaupt jehardly \ever kaumto hardly \ever do sth etw so gut wie nie tunas good as \ever so gut wie eh und jeworse/happier than \ever schlimmer/glücklicher als je zuvor2. (always)they lived happily \ever after sie lebten glücklich bis ans Ende ihrer Tage; (in fairy tales) und wenn sie nicht gestorben sind, dann leben sie noch heute\ever better immer besseras \ever wie gewöhnlich\ever since... seitdem...3. (of all time)the biggest trade fair \ever die größte Handelsmesse, die es je gabthe first performance \ever die allererste Darbietung4. (as intensifier)how \ever could anyone...? wie kann jemand nur...?what \ever have you done to him? was hast du ihm bloß angetan?when \ever are we going to get this finished? wann haben wir das endlich fertig?am I \ever! und wie!was she \ever a fast runner! sie war wirklich eine schnelle LäuferinMark got \ever so drunk last night Mark war gestern Abend wahnsinnig betrunkenthank you \ever so much tausend Dank* * *['evə(r)]adv1) je(mals)seldom, if ever — selten, wenn überhaupt
as if I ever would — als ob ich das jemals täte
don't you ever say that again! — sag das ja nie mehr!
have you ever been to Glasgow? —
did you ever see or have you ever seen anything so strange? — hast du schon jemals so etwas Merkwürdiges gesehen?
more beautiful than ever (before) —
the best soup I have ever tasted — die beste Suppe, die ich je(mals) gekostet habe
the first... ever — der etc allererste...
the first man ever to walk on the moon — der erste Mensch, der je(mals) den Mond betrat
I'll never, ever forgive myself — das werde ich mir nie im Leben verzeihen
2)(= at all times)
ever since I was a boy — seit ich ein Junge warever since I have lived here... — seitdem ich hier lebe...
ever since (then) — seit der Zeit, seitdem
for ever and a day — für alle Zeiten, ewig und drei Tage (inf)
3)be he ever so charming — wenn er auch noch so liebenswürdig ist, sei er auch noch so liebenswürdigshe's the best grandmother ever — sie ist die beste Großmutter, die es gibt
did you ever! (inf) — also so was!
4)when ever will they come? — wann kommen sie denn bloß or endlich?
See:5) (inf)ever so/such — unheimlich
7)yours ever or ever yours, Wendy — viele Grüße, Ihre Wendy* * *ever [ˈevə(r)] adv1. immer (wieder), fortwährend, ständig, unaufhörlich:ever after(wards), ever since von der Zeit an, seit der Zeit, seitdem;ever recurrent immer oder ständig wiederkehrend;2. immer (vor komp):ever larger immer größer (werdend)3. je, jemals (besonders in fragenden, verneinenden und bedingenden Sätzen):do you ever see him?;have you ever been to London? bist du schon einmal in London gewesen?;scarcely ever, hardly ever, seldom if ever fast nie;the best I have ever seen das Beste, was ich je gesehen habe;for the first time ever zum allerersten Mal5. irgend, überhaupt, nur:as soon as I ever can sobald ich nur kann, sobald es mir irgend möglich ist;how ever did he manage? wie hat er das nur fertiggebracht?ever so long eine Ewigkeit, ewig lange (beide umg);ever so much noch so sehr, so viel wie nur irgend möglich, sehr viel;thank you ever so much! tausend Dank!;ever so many unendlich viele;ever so simple ganz einfach;let him be ever so rich mag er auch noch so reich seinwhat ever does he want? was will er denn überhaupt?;what ever do you mean? was (in aller Welt) meinst du denn eigentlich?* * *adverb1) (always, at all times) immer; stetsever since [then] — seit [dieser Zeit]
2) in comb. with compar. adj. or adv. noch; immerget ever deeper into debt — sich noch od. immer mehr verschulden
3) in comb. with participles etc4) (at any time) je[mals]as ever — wie gewöhnlich; (iron.) wie gehabt
the greatest tennis player ever — der größte Tennisspieler, den es je gegeben hat
5) (coll.) (emphasizing question)how ever did I drop it?/could I have dropped it? — wie konnte ich es nur fallen lassen?
6) intensifierI'm ever so sorry — (coll.) mir tut es ja so leid
thanks ever so [much] — (coll.) vielen herzlichen Dank
it was ever such a shame — (coll.) es war so schade
* * *adv.je adv.jemals adv. -
111 come
[kʌm] vi <came, come>1)( move towards) kommen;\come here a moment kommst du mal einen Moment [her]?;careful, a car's coming! Achtung, da kommt ein Auto!;my sister came rushing out of the train meine Schwester stürmte aus dem Zug;coming! ich komme!;have you \come straight from the airport? kommen Sie direkt vom Flughafen?;did you \come here by car? sind Sie mit dem Auto gekommen?;she's \come 500 km to be here with us tonight sie ist 500 km gereist, um heute Abend bei uns zu sein;\come to sunny Bridlington for your holidays! machen Sie Urlaub im sonnigen Bridlington!;to \come into a room/ building in ein Zimmer/Gebäude kommen;to \come towards sb auf jdn zugehen2) ( arrive) ankommen;has she \come yet? ist sie schon da?;Christmas is coming bald ist Weihnachten;morning has not yet \come es ist noch nicht Morgen;Christmas only \comes once a year Weihnachten ist nur einmal im Jahr;how often does the post \come? wie oft kommt die Post?;\come Monday morning you'll regret... Montagmorgen wirst du es bereuen, dass...;\come March, I will have been married for two years im März bin ich zwei Jahre verheiratet;I think the time has \come to... ich denke, es ist an der Zeit,...;how's your headache? - it \comes and goes was machen deine Kopfschmerzen? - mal besser, mal schlechter;in days to \come in Zukunft;to \come to sb's rescue jdm zu Hilfe kommen;to \come as a surprise überraschend kommen;the year to \come das kommende [o nächste] Jahr;in years to \come in der Zukunft3) ( go for a purpose)to \come and do sth [vorbei]kommen, um etw zu tun;\come and visit us sometime komm doch mal vorbei;I'll \come and pick you up in the car ich hole dich dann mit dem Auto ab;dad, \come and see what I've done Papa, schau [mal], was ich gemacht habe;I've \come to read the gas meter ich soll den Gaszähler ablesen;to \come for sb/ sth jdn/etw abholen;your father will \come for you at 4 o'clock dein Vater kommt dich um 16 Uhr abholen;the police have \come for you die Polizei will Sie sprechen4) ( accompany someone) mitkommen;are you coming or staying? kommst du oder bleibst du noch?;would you like to \come for a walk? kommst du mit spazieren?;are you coming to the cinema tonight? kommst du heute Abend mit ins Kino?;do you want to \come to the pub with us? kommst du mit einen trinken?5) ( originate from) herrühren, stammen;where is that awful smell coming from? wo kommt dieser schreckliche Gestank her?;his voice came from the bathroom seine Stimme drang aus dem Badezimmer;he \comes of a farming family er stammt aus einer Familie mit langer Tradition in der Landwirtschaft;does that quote \come from Shakespeare? stammt das Zitat von Shakespeare?;to \come from Italy/ a wealthy family aus Italien/einer wohlhabenden Familie stammen6) ( in sequence)Z \comes after Y Z kommt nach Y;Monday \comes before Tuesday Montag kommt vor Dienstag;the article \comes before the noun der Artikel steht vor dem Substantiv7) ( in competition)he \comes first in the list of the world's richest men er führt die Liste der reichsten Männer an;Paul came far behind Paul kam nur unter „ferner liefen“;to \come from behind aufholen8) ( have priority)to \come before sth wichtiger als etw sein;to \come first [bei jdm] an erster Stelle stehen9) ( happen) geschehen;how exactly did you \come to be naked in the first place? wie genau kam es dazu, dass Sie nackt waren?;\come to think of it... wenn ich es mir recht überlege,...;\come what may komme, was wolle;how did the window \come to be open? wieso war das Fenster offen?;you could see it coming das war ja zu erwarten;how \come? wieso?;how \come you missed the train? wie kommt's, dass du den Zug verpasst hast?10) (be, become)to \come under criticism in die Kritik geraten;to \come into fashion in Mode kommen;to \come into office sein Amt antreten;to \come into power an die Macht kommen;to \come loose sich [ab]lösen;how did that phrase \come to mean that? wie kam dieser Ausdruck zu dieser Bedeutung?;I've \come to like him more and more ich finde ihn immer netter;I've finally \come to agree with you du hast mich überzeugt;your shoelaces have \come undone deine Schnürsenkel sind aufgegangen;all my dreams came true all meine Träume haben sich erfüllt;everything will \come right in the end am Ende wird alles gut werden;nothing came of it daraus ist nichts geworden;his hair \comes [down] to his shoulders seine Haare reichen ihm bis auf die Schultern11) ( be available) erhältlich sein;( exist) vorkommen, existieren;the vase \comes in a red box die Vase wird in einem roten Karton geliefert;how would you like your coffee? - as it \comes, please wie trinken Sie Ihren Kaffee? - schwarz, bitte;sth \comes in different sizes/ colours etw ist in unterschiedlichen Größen/Farben erhältlich, etw gibt es in unterschiedlichen Größen/Farben;to \come cheap[er] billig[er] sein ( fam)we've \come a long way wir haben viel erreichtPHRASES:\come again? [wie] bitte?;to \come clean about sth etw beichten;to be as stupid as they \come dumm wie Stroh sein;to \come unstuck (Brit, Aus) plan schiefgehen; speaker stecken bleiben; person baden gehen ( fam) project in die Binsen gehen ( fam)°\come, °\come! ach, ich bitte dich! ( fam)I don't know whether I'm coming or going ich weiß nicht, wo mir der Kopf steht ( fam)don't \come it [with me]! sei nicht so frech [zu mir]!;(esp pej: behave like)to \come the heavy father [with sb] [bei jdm] den strengen Vater herauskehren;to \come the poor little innocent [with sb] [bei jdm] die Unschuldige/den Unschuldigen spielen; -
112 _час; своєчасність
after death the doctor all in good time better late than never better three hours too soon than a minute too late catch time by the forelock; he is bald behind don't count your chickens before they are hatched don't cross the bridges before you come to them early sow, early mow the early bird catches the worm every flow has its ebb everything is good in its season first catch your hare, then cook him first come, first served the first hundred years are the hardest he gives twice who gives quickly the golden age never was the present age an hour in the morning is worth two in the evening an inch of time is an inch of gold in the end things will mend it is a long lane that has no turning it is never too late to mend it is too late to shut the stable door when the horse is stolen lost time is never found the morning sun never lasts a day never put off till tomorrow what you can do today noiseless falls the foot of time nothing is more precious than time, yet nothing is less valued one cannot put back the clock other times, other manners place for everything and everything in its place praise a fair day at night procrastination is the thief of time punctuality is the politeness of princes punctuality is the soul of business a stitch in time saves nine strike while the iron is hot sudden power is apt to be insolent, sudden liberty saucy; that behaves best which has grown gradually there is a time and place for everything there is no crying over spilt milk times change and we with time time is a great healer time is money time will tell a watched pot never boils we mustn't waste time, for that's the stuff life's made of while the grass grows the horse starvesEnglish-Ukrainian dictionary of proverbs > _час; своєчасність
-
113 Blenkinsop, John
[br]b. 1783 near Newcastle upon Tyne, Englandd. 22 January 1831 Leeds, England[br]English coal-mine manager who made the first successful commercial use of steam locomotives.[br]In 1808 Blenkinsop became agent to J.C.Brandling, MP, owner of Middleton Colliery, from which coal was carried to Leeds over the Middle-ton Waggonway. This had been built by Brandling's ancestor Charles Brandling, who in 1758 obtained an Act of Parliament to establish agreements with owners of land over which the wagon way was to pass. That was the first railway Act of Parliament.By 1808 horse haulage was becoming uneconomic because the price of fodder had increased due to the Napoleonic wars. Brandling probably saw the locomotive Catch-Me- Who-Can demonstrated by Richard Trevithick. In 1811 Blenkinsop patented drive by cog-wheel and rack rail, the power to be provided preferably by a steam engine. His object was to produce a locomotive able to haul a substantial load, while remaining light enough to minimize damage to rails made from cast iron which, though brittle, was at that date the strongest material from which rails could be made. The wagonway, formerly of wood, was relaid with iron-edge rails; along one side rails cast with rack teeth were laid beside the running surface. Locomotives incorporating Blenkinsop's cog-wheel drive were designed by Matthew Murray and built by Fenton Murray \& Wood. The design was developed from Trevithick's to include two cylinders, for easier starting and smoother running. The first locomotive was given its first public trial on 24 June 1812, when it successfully hauled eight wagons of coal, on to which fifty spectators climbed. Locomotives of this type entered regular service later in the summer and proved able to haul loads of 110 tons; Trevithick's locomotive of 1804 had managed 25 tons.Blenkinsop-type locomotives were introduced elsewhere in Britain and in Europe, and those upon the Kenton \& Coxlodge Wagonway, near Newcastle upon Tyne, were observed by George Stephenson. The Middleton locomotives remained at work until 1835.[br]Bibliography10 April, 1811, "Certain Mechanical Means by which the Conveyance of Coals, Minerals and Other Articles is Facilitated….", British patent no. 3,431.Further ReadingJ.Bushell, 1975, The World's Oldest Railway, Sheffield: Turntable (describes Blenkinsop's work).E.K.Scott (ed.), 1928, Matthew Murray, Pioneer Engineer, Leeds.C.von Oeynhausen and H.von Dechen, 1971, Railways in England 1826 and 1827, Cambridge: W.Heffer \& Sons.PJGR -
114 Sinclair, Sir Clive Maries
[br]b. 30 July 1940[br]English electronic engineer and inventor.[br]The son of G.W.C.Sinclair, a machine tool engineer, the young Sinclair's education was disrupted by the failure of his father's business. Aged 12 he left Boxgrove preparatory school and went through twelve more schools before leaving St George's School, Weybridge, at the age of 17. His first job was as an editorial assistant on a hobbyist's magazine, Practical Wireless, and his next as an editor at Bernard Books, writing a series of technical manuals. In 1961 he registered Sinclair Radionics and in the following year announced its first product, a micro-amplifier. This was the first of a series of miniaturized radio products that he put on the market while retaining his editorial job. In 1972 he launched the Sinclair Executive calculator, selling originally at £79.95 but later at £24.95. In 1976, the Black Watch, an electronic watch with digital light-emitting diode (LED) display, was marketed, to be followed by the TV1A, a miniature television with a 2 in. (5 cm) monochrome screen. During the latter part of this period, Sinclair Radionics was supported by investment from the UK National Enterprise Board, who appointed an outside managing director; after making a considerable loss, they closed the company in 1979. However, Sinclair Electronics had already been set up and started to market the UK's first cheap computer kit, the MK 14, which was followed by the ZX 80 and later the ZX 81. Price was kept at a minimum by the extensive use of existing components, though this was a restriction on performance. The small memory was enhanced from one kilobyte to seventeen kilobytes with the addition of a separate memory unit. In January 1985 Sinclair produced the Sinclair C5, a small three-wheeled vehicle driven by a washing-machine engine, intended as a revolutionary new form of personal transport; perceived as unsafe and impractical, it did not prove popular, and the failure of this venture resulted in a contraction of Sinclair's business activities. Later in 1985, a rival electronics company, Amstrad, paid £35,000,000 for all rights to existing Sinclair computer products.In March 1992, the irrepressible Sinclair launched his latest brainchild, the Zike electric bicycle; a price of £499 was forecast. This machine, powered by an electric motor but with pedal assistance, had a top speed of 19 km/h (12 mph) and, on full power, would run for up to one hour. Its lightweight nickel-cadmium battery could be recharged either by a generator or by free-wheeling. Although more practical than the C5, it did not bring Sinclair success on the scale of his earlier micro-electronic products.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1983.Further ReadingI.Adamson and R.Kennedy, 1986, Sinclair and the "Sunrise" Technology, Harmondsworth: Penguin.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Sinclair, Sir Clive Maries
-
115 Staite, William Edwards
[br]b. 19 April 1809 Bristol, Englandd. 26 September 1854 Caen, France[br]English inventor who did much to popularize electric lighting in early Victorian England and demonstrated the first self-regulating arc lamp.[br]Before devoting the whole of his attention to the electric light, Staite was a partner in a business of iron merchants and patented a method of obtaining extracts and essences. From 1834 he attempted to produce a continuous light by electricity. The first public exhibition of Staite's arc lamp incorporating a fixed-rate clockwork mechanism was given in 1847 to the Sunderland Literary and Philosophical Society. He also demonstrated an incandescent lamp with an iridioplatinum filament. Sir Joseph Wilson Swan recorded that it was attending lectures by Staite in Sunderland, Newcastle and Carlisle that started him on the quest which many years later was to lead to his incandescent lamp.In association with William Petrie (1821–1904), Staite made an important advance in the development of arc lamps by introducing automatic regulation of the carbon rods by way of an electromagnet. This was the first of many self-regulating arc lamps that were invented during the nineteenth century employing this principle. A contributory factor in the success of Staite's lamp was the semi enclosure of the arc in a transparent vessel that reduced the consumption of carbons, a feature not used again until the 1890s. His patents included processes for preparing carbons and the construction of primary cells for arc lighting. An improved lamp used by Staite in a theatrical production at Her Majesty's Theatre, London, in April 1849 may be considered the first commercial success of the electric light in England. In spite of the limitations imposed by the use of primary cells as the only available source of power, serious interest in this system of electric lighting was shown by railway companies and dock authorities. However, after he had developed a satisfactory arc lamp, an end to these early experiments was brought about by Staite's death.[br]BibliographyJuly 1847, British patent no. 1,1783 (electromagnetic regulation of an arc lamp).His manuscript "History of electric light" is in the Institution of Electrical Engineers archives.Further ReadingJ.J.Fahie, 1902, "Staite and Petrie's electric light 1846–1853", Electrical Engineer 30:297–301, 337–40, 374–6 (a detailed reliable account).G.Woodward, 1989, "Staite and Petrie: pioneers of electric lighting", Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 136 (Part A): 290–6 GWBiographical history of technology > Staite, William Edwards
-
116 Volk, Magnus
[br]b. 19 October 1851 Brighton, Englandd. 20 May 1937 Brighton, England[br]English pioneer in the use of electric power; built the first electric railway in the British Isles to operate a regular service.[br]Volk was the son of a German immigrant clockmaker and continued the business with his mother after his father died in 1869, although when he married in 1879 his profession was described as "electrician". He installed Brighton's first telephone the same year and in 1880 he installed electric lighting in his own house, using a Siemens Brothers dynamo (see Siemens, Dr Ernst Werner von) driven by a Crossley gas engine. This was probably one of the first half-dozen such installations in Britain. Magnus Volk \& Co. became noted electrical manufacturers and contractors, and, inter alia, installed electric light in Brighton Pavilion in place of gas.By 1883 Volk had moved house. He had kept the dynamo and gas engine used to light his previous house, and he also had available an electric motor from a cancelled order. After approaching the town clerk of Brighton, he was given permission for a limited period to build and operate a 2 ft (61 cm) gauge electric railway along the foreshore. Using the electrical equipment he already had, Volk built the line, a quarter of a mile (400 m) long, in eight weeks. The car was built by a local coachbuilder, with the motor under the seat; electric current at 50 volts was drawn from one running rail and returned through the other.The railway was opened on 4 August 1883. It operated regularly for several months and then, permission to run it having been renewed, it was rebuilt for the 1884 season to 2 ft 9 in. (84 cm) gauge, with improved equipment. Despite storm damage from time to time, Volk's Electric Railway, extended in length, has become an enduring feature of Brighton's sea front. In 1887 Volk made an electric dogcart, and an electric van which he built for the Sultan of Turkey was probably the first motor vehicle built in Britain for export. In 1896 he opened the Brighton \& Rottingdean Seashore Electric Tramroad, with very wide-gauge track laid between the high-and low-tide lines, and a long-legged, multi-wheel car to run upon it, through the water if necessary. This lasted only until 1901, however. Volk subsequently became an early enthusiast for aircraft.[br]Further ReadingC.Volk, 1971, Magnus Volk of Brighton, Chichester: Phillimore (his life and career as described by his son).C.E.Lee, 1979, "The birth of electric traction", Railway Magazine (May).PJGR -
117 take
I [teɪk]1) cinem. ripresa f.2) (catch) (of fish) pesca f.; (of game) carniere m.••II 1. [teɪk]to be on the take — colloq. prendere bustarelle
1) (take hold of) prendere [object, money]to take sb. by the hand — prendere qcn. per (la) mano
to take sth. out of — tirare fuori qcs. da [ box]
to take a knife to sb. — vibrare coltellate contro qcn
I'll take some apples, please — vorrei delle mele, per favore
3) (carry along) portare [ object]to take sb. sth. to take sth. to sb. portare qcs. a qcn.; to take the car to the garage portare la macchina dal meccanico; did he take an umbrella (with him)? — ha preso l'ombrello?
4) (accompany, lead)to take sb. to school — accompagnare qcn. a scuola
you can't take him anywhere! — scherz. non si può andare in giro con uno così!
7) (accept) [ machine] prendere [ coin]; [ shop] accettare [ credit card]; [ person] accettare, prendere [ bribe]; prendere [patients, pupils]; accettare [ job]; prendere [ phone call]; sopportare [pain, criticism]; accettare [ punishment]he can't take a joke — non accetta le battute, non sta allo scherzo
8) (require) [activity, course of action] richiedere [skill, courage]9) ling. reggere [object, case]10) (react to)to take sth. well, badly, seriously — prendere qcs. bene, male, sul serio
11) (adopt) adottare [measures, steps]12) (assume)to take sb. for o to be sth. prendere qcn. per; what do you take me for? per chi mi prendi? what do you take this poem to mean? — che significato dai a questa poesia?
13) (consider) fare [ example]; prendere (in esempio) [person, case]take John (for example),... — prendi John (per esempio)
14) (record) prendere [ notes]; prendere nota di [ statement]; misurare [temperature, blood pressure]; prendere, sentire [ pulse]to take sb.'s measurements — (for clothes) prendere le misure a qcn
15) (hold) [hall, bus, tank, container] (potere) contenere16) (wear) (in clothes) portare, avere [ size]to take a size 4 — (in shoes) portare il 37
17) fot. prendere, fare [ photograph]19) scol. univ. (study) studiare, prendere [ subject]; seguire [ course]; prendere [ lessons] (in di); (sit) dare [ exam]; fare [ test]; (teach) [ teacher] fare lezione a [ students]to take sb. for French — fare lezione di francese a qcn
20) (officiate at) [ priest] celebrare [ service]21) (capture) [ army] prendere, espugnare [fortress, city]; (in chess) [ player] mangiare [ piece]; (in cards) [ person] prendere, vincere [ prize]2.verbo intransitivo (pass. took; p.pass. taken) (have desired effect) [ drug] fare effetto; [ dye] prendere; (grow successfully) [ plant] attecchire- take in- take off- take on- take out- take to- take up••to take it o a lot out of sb. chiedere tanto a qcn.; to take it upon oneself to do farsi carico di fare; to take sb. out of himself fare distrarre o divertire qcn.; you can take it from me,... — credimi
* * *(to take or keep (someone) as a hostage: The police were unable to attack the terrorists because they were holding three people hostage.) prendere/tenere in ostaggio* * *take /teɪk/n.1 il prendere; presa2 quantità di selvaggina (di pesce, ecc.) presa; carniere (fig.): It was an excellent take, siamo tornati (sono tornati, ecc.) col carniere pieno; a great take of fish, una pesca eccezionale4 (cinem., TV) ripresa5 (fam.) guadagno; profitto; ricavo8 (fam.) bustarella; pizzo; tangente● (fam.) to be on the take, prendere la bustarella (o il pizzo); farsi corrompere.♦ (to) take /teɪk/A v. t.1 prendere; pigliare; afferrare; cogliere, sorprendere; catturare; conquistare, impadronirsi di; conquistare; guadagnare; ricevere; comprare; sottrarre; togliere; rubare: Will you take a glass of wine?, prendi (o vuoi) un bicchiere di vino?; to take st. (up) with one's hands, prendere qc. con le mani; to take sb. 's hand, prendere (o afferrare) la mano a q.; Let me take your coat!, posso prenderti il cappotto? ( lo metto a posto io, ecc.); I took the flat for a year, presi l'appartamento (in affitto) per un anno; Take what you like, piglia quello che vuoi!; He was taken in the act, è stato colto (o preso) in flagrante; The fortress was taken by the enemy, la fortezza fu conquistata (o presa) dal nemico; to take a Senate seat, conquistare un seggio al Senato (in Italia, ecc.); He takes three hundred pounds a month, guadagna (o prende) trecento sterline al mese; The thief took all the silver, il ladro ha rubato tutta l'argenteria; The shopkeeper took 10 p off the price, il negoziante tolse dieci penny dal prezzo; We take two newspapers daily, compriamo due giornali tutti i giorni2 prendere con sé; portare via; portare; condurre; accompagnare: Take your umbrella with you, prenditi l'ombrello!; Take these parcels to the post office, will you?, mi porti questi pacchi alla posta?; This path will take you to the river, questo sentiero ti porterà al fiume; I took my guest home, accompagnai a casa l'ospite; Take the children for a walk, porta i bambini a fare una passeggiata! NOTA D'USO: - to bring o to take?-3 prendere; accettare; assumere; accollarsi: Do you take credit cards?, accettate le carte di credito?; DIALOGO → - Paying 1- Which credit cards do you take?, quali carte di credito accettate?; to take holy orders, prendere gli ordini sacri; to take one's degree, prendere la laurea; They won't take our advice, non accettano i nostri consigli; He took the job, ha accettato il posto; They cannot take defeat, non riescono ad accettare la sconfitta; to take the blame, accollarsi (o assumersi) la colpa4 prendere; assumere; ingerire: to take a medicine, prendere una medicina; to take one's meals at a restaurant, prendere i pasti (o mangiare) al ristorante; to take drugs, assumere droga; drogarsi5 prendere; prendere in esame; considerare; giudicare; ritenere; reputare; valutare; supporre: to take sb. at his word, prendere q. in parola; to take st. as done, considerare qc. come già fatto; to take sb. as a swindler, prendere q. per un imbroglione; Let's take John, for instance, prendiamo John, per esempio; to take sb. at his face value, valutare q. per quello che sembra; I take it you're the person in charge here, se non sbaglio è lei che comanda qui; DIALOGO → - Wedding- I take it she said yes then?, suppongo che abbia detto di sì, quindi6 comprendere, intendere: Do you take my meaning?, intendi quel che voglio dire?8 fare: to take a walk [a bath], fare una passeggiata [un bagno]; to take a nap, fare un sonnellino; to take a picture (o a photograph) fare una fotografia; to take an exam, fare (o dare, sostenere) un esame; (stat.) to take a census, fare un censimento; The horse took the jump, il cavallo ha fatto il salto ( non ha rifiutato l'ostacolo)9 attirare; attrarre; trasportare (fig.); incantare; cattivarsi; affascinare: I was not much taken by ( o with) his behaviour, sono stato tutt'altro che attratto dal suo comportamento; This author takes his readers with him, quest'autore affascina (o trasporta) i lettori10 (spesso impers.) impiegare; metterci; volerci; richiedere; occorrere: I took three days to finish my work, impiegai tre giorni per finire il mio lavoro; DIALOGO → - Building work- The builders said the job would take six to eight weeks, max, i muratori dicono che per i lavori ci vorranno da sei a otto settimane al massimo; How long did it take you to go there?, quanto tempo ci hai messo per andare là?; These things take time, ci vuol tempo per queste cose; It takes a lot of patience, ci vuole molta pazienza15 (gramm.) reggere; prendere: Transitive verbs take a direct object, i verbi transitivi reggono il complemento oggetto17 misurare; rilevare; prendere: to take sb. 's temperature, misurare la temperatura (fam.: la febbre) a q.19 ( di un recipiente, un locale, un veicolo) contenere; portare: This bottle only takes half a litre, questa bottiglia contiene solo mezzo litro; The hall can take 200 people, la sala può contenere 200 persone; The coach takes (up) 50 passengers, il pullman porta 50 passeggeri20 tirare, sferrare; dare: to take a shot at a bird, tirare un colpo (o sparare) a un uccello; to take a punch at sb., tirare (o sferrare) un pugno a q.21 portare ( una misura d'indumento): What size do you take, madam?, che misura (o numero) porta, signora?22 ( sport) vincere: ( boxe) to take nearly every round, vincere quasi tutte le riprese; ( tennis) to take the set, vincere il set24 (fam.) darle (o suonarle) a (q.); battere (q.) ( a pugni, o in una gara): The champion took the challenger in the first round, il detentore del titolo batté lo sfidante nel primo round26 ( calcio, ecc.) fare, effettuare, eseguire ( un tiro, una rimessa, ecc.); dare ( un calcio); battere; segnare ( un gol, un canestro): to take a penalty, tirare (o battere) un rigore; ( cricket) to take a run, effettuare una corsa ( verso il wicket); to take a free kick, battere (o tirare) una punizione27 (fam.) imbrogliare; truffare; fregare (fam.): The salesman tried to take me, il commesso ha cercato di fregarmi28 (fam.; al passivo) defraudare; derubare: The old lady was taken for all her money, la vecchia signora è stata derubata di tutti i soldiB v. i.1 ( anche mecc.) prendere; far presa; attaccare: This gear won't take, quest'ingranaggio non prende (o non fa presa); The fire took rapidly, il fuoco prese subito; This paint takes well, questa vernice attacca bene● to take advantage of, approfittare di; sfruttare □ (mil.) to take aim, prendere la mira; mirare; puntare □ to take all the fun out of st., guastare la festa; rovinare tutto □ to take sb. 's arm, prendere il braccio di q.; prender q. per il braccio □ to take st. as read, dare qc. per letto □ (fig.) to take a back seat, occupare un posto di scarsa importanza; accontentarsi di un ruolo secondario □ (leg.) to take bankruptcy, accettare di essere messo in fallimento □ (autom., ecc.) to take a bend, prendere una curva: to take a bend as tightly as possible, stringere una curva al massimo □ to take bets, accettare scommesse □ (fig.) to take the bit between one's teeth, stringere i denti (fig.) □ to take breath, prendere (o ripigliare) fiato □ to take by surprise, cogliere di sorpresa; prendere (o conquistare) di sorpresa □ to take care, stare attento; fare attenzione; badare; guardarsi: Take care what you say, fa' attenzione a quel che dici!; Take care not to break it, bada di non romperlo! □ to take care of, badare a; prendersi cura di, aver cura di; (fam. eufem.) sistemare, eliminare, uccidere: Who will take care of the baby?, chi si prenderà cura del bambino?; Take care of yourself! abbi cura di te!; riguardati! □ (fig.) to take the chair, assumere la presidenza; presiedere una seduta □ to take a chair, prendere posto; accomodarsi; sedersi □ to take a chance, correre un rischio; tentare la sorte □ to take one's chances, correre il rischio; arrischiare, azzardare; tentare la sorte; stare al gioco (fig.) □ to take no chances, non volere correre rischi; andare sul sicuro □ to take charge of st., prendere in consegna qc.; occuparsi di qc.; assumere il comando (la direzione) di qc.: The new commander took charge of the garrison, il nuovo comandante assunse (o prese) il comando della guarnigione □ to take command, prendere il comando □ (relig.) to take communion, fare la comunione □ to take courage, farsi coraggio; farsi animo □ to take a deep breath, tirare un lungo respiro □ to take a different view, essere di tutt'altro avviso; essere di parere contrario □ to take effect, ( di una medicina, ecc.) avere (o fare) effetto; ( di una legge e sim.) entrare in vigore; essere attuato; andare in porto (fig.): The new law takes effect as of July 1st, la nuova legge entra in vigore dal primo di luglio □ to take a fever, contrarre una febbre ( malarica, ecc.) □ to take fright, prendersi paura; spaventarsi □ to take hold of sb., impadronirsi di q.: A great tenderness took hold of him, una grande tenerezza si è impadronita di lui □ to take hold of st., afferrare qc.: He took hold of the bar, ha afferrato la sbarra □ to take a holiday, andare in vacanza □ to take st. in hand, prendere in mano qc. (fig.); intraprendere qc. □ to take an interest in st., interessarsi a qc. □ to take into account, tener presente; tener conto di; prendere in considerazione: We must take his youth into account, dobbiamo tener conto della sua giovinezza □ to take sb. into one's confidence, concedere a q. la propria fiducia; mettere q. a parte dei propri segreti □ (fam.) to take it, tener duro; non batter ciglio □ to take it easy, prendersela comoda, non strapazzarsi; ( anche) non prendersela, restare calmo □ to take it into one's head (o mind), mettersi in testa, figgersi in capo ( un'idea, ecc.) □ to take a joke in earnest, prender sul serio uno scherzo □ to take a leap (o a jump), fare un salto □ to take leave of sb., prendere congedo (o commiato) da q.; accomiatarsi da q. □ to take leave of one's senses, impazzire □ (leg.) to take legal action, adire le vie legali □ to take legal advice, consultare un avvocato; rivolgersi a un legale per un parere □ to take a letter, ( anche) battere una lettera sotto dettatura □ to take sb. 's life, togliere la vita a q.; uccidere q. □ (fam.) to take one's life in one's hands, rischiare la vita □ to take a look at st., dare un'occhiata a qc. □ to take a look round, dare un'occhiata in giro; guardarsi attorno (o intorno) □ (fam.) to take the mickey out of sb., prendere in giro q.; sfottere q. (fam.) □ to take minutes, mettere a verbale; verbalizzare □ to take the nonsense out of sb., togliere i grilli dalla testa a q. □ to take notes, prendere appunti □ to take notice of st., fare attenzione a qc.; occuparsi (o interessarsi) di qc.; rendersi conto di qc. □ to take an oath, fare (o prestare) un giuramento □ to take offence, offendersi □ to take other people's ideas, appropriarsi delle idee altrui □ to take pains, darsi (o prendersi) pena (di fare qc.); sforzarsi; darsi da fare; fare il possibile: to take pains to do a job well, sforzarsi di fare bene un lavoro □ to take part in st., prendere parte, partecipare a qc. □ to take place, aver luogo; accadere; avvenire; verificarsi □ (polit.) to take power, salire al potere; andare al governo □ to take pride in st., andare orgoglioso di qc. □ (mil.) to take sb. prisoner, far prigioniero q. □ ( boxe) to take punishment, subire una punizione; incassare colpi durissimi □ (fam.) to take the rap, essere incolpato (spec. per colpe altrui); prendersi la colpa □ to take refuge, trovar rifugio; rifugiarsi; riparare □ to take a seat, prendere posto; mettersi a sedere; accomodarsi □ to take sides with sb., parteggiare per q.; schierarsi con q. □ to take stock, (comm.) fare l'inventario; (fig.) valutare la situazione (e sim.) □ to take things as they are, prendere il mondo come viene □ to take things coolly, conservare il sangue freddo; mantenere la calma; non agitarsi □ to take things easy, prender le cose alla leggera; tirare a campare; fare il proprio comodo; prendersela comoda □ to take things seriously, prender le cose sul serio □ to take one's time, prendersela comoda; andare adagio: He took his time over the job, se la prese comoda col lavoro □ to take its toll on sb. [st.], farsi sentire su q. [qc.] ( in senso negativo) □ to take the train, prendere il treno; servirsi del treno ( e non dell'autobus, ecc.): DIALOGO → - Asking about routine 2- I usually take the bus, but sometimes I go by train, di solito prendo l'autobus, ma a volte vado in treno □ to take the trouble to do st., prendersi il disturbo di fare qc.; darsi la pena di fare qc. □ to take turns, fare a turno, alternarsi: (autom.) to take turns at the wheel, alternarsi al volante □ to take a vow, fare un voto □ to take a wife, prender moglie □ to take wing, levarsi a volo □ to be taken ill, ammalarsi; sentirsi male □ (fam.) to be taken short, avere un bisognino ( un bisogno impellente) □ It took a lot of doing, ci volle del bello e del buono □ Take your seats!, seduti!, a posto!; ( anche, ferr.) in carrozza! □ How old do you take me to be?, quanti anni mi dai? □ (fam.) I can take him or leave him, non mi è né simpatico né antipatico; mi lascia indifferente □ Take it or leave it!, prendere o lasciare! □ (fam.) I am not taking any, grazie, no!; ( anche) non ci sto!NOTA D'USO: - to take o to get?-* * *I [teɪk]1) cinem. ripresa f.2) (catch) (of fish) pesca f.; (of game) carniere m.••II 1. [teɪk]to be on the take — colloq. prendere bustarelle
1) (take hold of) prendere [object, money]to take sb. by the hand — prendere qcn. per (la) mano
to take sth. out of — tirare fuori qcs. da [ box]
to take a knife to sb. — vibrare coltellate contro qcn
I'll take some apples, please — vorrei delle mele, per favore
3) (carry along) portare [ object]to take sb. sth. to take sth. to sb. portare qcs. a qcn.; to take the car to the garage portare la macchina dal meccanico; did he take an umbrella (with him)? — ha preso l'ombrello?
4) (accompany, lead)to take sb. to school — accompagnare qcn. a scuola
you can't take him anywhere! — scherz. non si può andare in giro con uno così!
7) (accept) [ machine] prendere [ coin]; [ shop] accettare [ credit card]; [ person] accettare, prendere [ bribe]; prendere [patients, pupils]; accettare [ job]; prendere [ phone call]; sopportare [pain, criticism]; accettare [ punishment]he can't take a joke — non accetta le battute, non sta allo scherzo
8) (require) [activity, course of action] richiedere [skill, courage]9) ling. reggere [object, case]10) (react to)to take sth. well, badly, seriously — prendere qcs. bene, male, sul serio
11) (adopt) adottare [measures, steps]12) (assume)to take sb. for o to be sth. prendere qcn. per; what do you take me for? per chi mi prendi? what do you take this poem to mean? — che significato dai a questa poesia?
13) (consider) fare [ example]; prendere (in esempio) [person, case]take John (for example),... — prendi John (per esempio)
14) (record) prendere [ notes]; prendere nota di [ statement]; misurare [temperature, blood pressure]; prendere, sentire [ pulse]to take sb.'s measurements — (for clothes) prendere le misure a qcn
15) (hold) [hall, bus, tank, container] (potere) contenere16) (wear) (in clothes) portare, avere [ size]to take a size 4 — (in shoes) portare il 37
17) fot. prendere, fare [ photograph]19) scol. univ. (study) studiare, prendere [ subject]; seguire [ course]; prendere [ lessons] (in di); (sit) dare [ exam]; fare [ test]; (teach) [ teacher] fare lezione a [ students]to take sb. for French — fare lezione di francese a qcn
20) (officiate at) [ priest] celebrare [ service]21) (capture) [ army] prendere, espugnare [fortress, city]; (in chess) [ player] mangiare [ piece]; (in cards) [ person] prendere, vincere [ prize]2.verbo intransitivo (pass. took; p.pass. taken) (have desired effect) [ drug] fare effetto; [ dye] prendere; (grow successfully) [ plant] attecchire- take in- take off- take on- take out- take to- take up••to take it o a lot out of sb. chiedere tanto a qcn.; to take it upon oneself to do farsi carico di fare; to take sb. out of himself fare distrarre o divertire qcn.; you can take it from me,... — credimi
-
118 function
1) функция2) функционировать; находиться в работоспособном состоянии3) выполнять функцию; играть роль4) (дополнительное) функциональное устройство, проф. функция ( в стандарте USB)5) вчт. отображение || отображать•- actuating transfer function
- additive function
- additive/multiplicative function
- admittance function
- advanced communication function
- affine Boolean function
- aggregate function
- algebraic function
- all-pass transfer function
- all-pole function
- all-zero function
- alternating function
- ambiguity function
- amplitude distribution function
- amplitude function
- AM-tive function additive/multiplicative function
- anode work function
- aperture phase function
- apodizing function
- application program function
- autocorrelation function
- automatic azimuth alignment function
- band-limited function
- base station control function
- basis function
- Bellman function
- bent function
- Bessel function of imaginary argument
- Bessel function
- beta function
- bijection function
- bijective function
- binary activation function
- binary sigmoid function
- binate function
- bipolar sigmoid function
- bi-state function
- bivariate distribution function
- Boolean function
- Bose-Einstein distribution function
- bounded function
- boxcar function
- Brillouin function
- built-in function
- Butterworth function
- carpet function
- carrier function
- cathode work function
- characteristic function
- circular function
- closed function
- closed-loop transfer function
- clutching function
- coherence function
- color matching functions
- comb function
- combination function
- combining function
- competitive function
- complementary error function
- complementary function
- composite function
- computable function
- concentrated likelihood function
- continuous function
- contrast transfer function
- control function
- convolution function
- correlation function
- cost function
- covariance generating function
- criterion function
- cross-correlation function - current potential function
- current transfer function
- curried function
- data communications function
- data-path function
- decision function
- degate function
- degating function
- delta function
- demand function
- density function
- descrambling function
- describing function
- difference transfer function
- differentiable function
- digamma function
- Dirac delta function
- Dirac function
- disconnect-reconnect function
- discriminant function
- distribution function
- driving-point function
- eikonal function
- electron wave function
- embedding function
- encryption function
- ergodic function
- error function
- excitation function
- explicit function
- exponential function
- extensional function
- external function
- failure density function
- feedback transfer function
- Fermi function
- Fermi-Dirac distribution function
- force function
- forward transfer function
- frequency function
- frequency-generating function
- frequency-response function
- friend function
- FS function
- full-speed function
- fuzzy function
- fuzzy objective function
- fuzzy utility function
- gage function
- Gaussian function
- Gaussian radial basis function
- generalized function
- generic function
- global implicit function
- global inverse function
- Green functions
- Green's function
- Hamilton function
- Hankel function
- hard limit activation function - hazard function
- head-related transfer function
- Heaviside step function
- Huber function
- hyperbolic function
- hyperbolic tangent activation function
- idempotent function
- image function
- impedance function
- implicit function
- injection function
- injective function
- inline function
- intensional function
- interference function
- interworking function
- inverse distribution function
- inverse function
- invertible mapping function
- inverting function
- kernel function
- Lagrange's function
- Langevin function
- latent function
- Legendre associated function of the first kind
- Legendre associated function of the second kind
- Legendre function of the first kind
- Legendre function of the second kind
- lexical function
- likelihood function
- line search function
- linear function
- linear logic function
- logic function
- logistic function
- logistic sigmoid function
- log-likelihood function
- log-linear function
- log-log function
- look-up function
- loss function
- low-speed function
- LS function
- luminosity function
- macro function
- main function
- maintenance entity function
- majorized function
- majorizing function
- mapping function
- Markov function
- mathematical function
- member function
- membership function
- memo function
- memoised function
- memoized function
- minorized function
- minorizing function
- modified Bessel function
- modular hash-function
- modulating function
- modulation transfer function
- moment-generating function
- monotonic function
- Morse function
- multi-input multi-output transfer function
- multi-valued function
- multivariate distribution function
- mutual coherence function
- natural trigonometric function
- never-decreasing function
- never-increasing function
- non-decreasing function
- non-increasing function
- nonlinear function
- normalized Gaussian radial basis function
- normalized radial basis functions with equal heights
- normalized radial basis functions with equal volumes
- normalized radial basis functions with equal widths and heights
- normalized radial basis functions with equal widths
- normalized radial basis functions with unequal widths and heights
- objective function
- one-one function
- one-to-one function
- one-way function
- one-way hash function
- open-loop transfer function
- optical transfer function
- ordinary Gaussian radial basis function
- ordinary radial basis functions with equal widths
- ordinary radial basis functions with unequal widths
- orthogonal functions
- overlapped functions
- partial autocorrelation function
- penalty function
- perfect hash-function
- phase transfer function
- photoelectric work function
- photopic response function
- piecewise constant function
- piecewise linear function
- piecewise polynomial function
- Pierce function
- point-spread function
- polynomial function
- positive linear function
- postsynaptic potential function
- power function of test
- power function
- predefined function
- predicate function
- probability density function
- probability function
- probability mass function
- production function
- projection function
- projective function
- propagation function
- propositional function
- PSP function
- pulsating function
- pure virtual function
- quadratic error function
- radial basis function
- radial combination function
- ramp function
- range weighting function
- reactance function
- register function
- regression function
- resolvent function
- response function
- restricted function
- risk function
- saturating linear function
- scalar function
- scaling function
- scattering function
- scedastic function
- Schrödinger wave function
- scrambling function
- screen size-viewing distance function
- self-inverse function
- semilinear function
- sensing function
- sentential function
- shape function
- sigmoid activation function
- sigmoid function
- sign function
- signal function
- signum activation function
- signum function
- smooth function
- socket library function
- softmax activation function
- spectral density function
- spectral function
- spectral radiance function
- spline function
- spot function
- spread function
- square-integrable function
- square-law transfer function
- squashed sign function
- squashing function
- state function
- state query function
- steering function
- step function
- stream function
- summing function
- support entity function
- support function
- supported function
- surjection function
- surjective function
- survival function
- switch function
- switching function
- switch-type function
- symmetric saturating linear function
- tame function
- tan-sigmoid activation function
- target function
- tensor function
- tesseral function
- testing function
- tetragamma function
- thermionic work function
- threshold function
- through transfer function
- transcendental function
- transfer function
- trial function
- trigamma function
- trigonometric function
- tri-state function
- typematic function
- unate function
- uncurried function
- unit impulse function
- unit step function
- unsupported function
- user-defined function
- utility function
- vector function
- virtual function
- visibility function
- voltage potential function
- voltage transfer function
- Walsh functions
- wave function
- wave-number limited function
- weighting function
- window function
- work functionThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > function
-
119 line
[laɪn]n1) строка, строчка, линейкаThe pen moved on down to the next line. — Перо двигалось дальше к следующей строчке.
There isn't a dull line in the whole play. — Во всей пьесе нет ни одной скучной строки.
The article (the paragraph) was cut down to two or three lines. — Статья была сокращена (параграф был сокращен) до двух-трех строчек.
- top line- few lines
- witty lines
- line ten
- line frequency
- line test
- line spectrum
- second line from the top
- line three from the top of the page
- line of print
- line of a poem
- line of symbols
- page of twenty five lines
- above the line
- crowd many facts into a few lines
- drop smb a few lines
- expect a line from him
- jump a line
- jump from one line to another
- keep in line
- miss out a line
- read between the lines
- read every line
- run out a line into the margin
- set these lines in a smaller type2) линия, черта, очертание, стильThe two lines meet/join here. — Две линии здесь сходятся.
The old woman's face was covered with lines. — Лицо старушки было в морщинах.
She was fined for parking on a single yellow line. — Ее оштрафовали за то, что она оставила машину на желтой полосе.
The building has strong, noble lines. — Здание выдержано в строгом, благородном стиле/в строгих, благородных линиях.
- contour line- straight line
- broken line
- horisontal line
- curving lines
- dividing line
- divergent lines
- white line
- double yellow line
- soft lines
- pencil line
- forward line
- finish line
- foul line
- side line
- sharpened lines
- base line
- state line
- city line
- fight lines
- assemble line
- pipe lines
- sewage lines
- plumb line
- clogged fuel line
- straight lines of her dress
- hard savaged lines of his mouth
- line of sight
- lines of the hand
- line of life
- lines in a rock
- lines in the face
- lines of premature age
- remote line of the sea
- line of the mountains
- blue line of the horizon
- hand covered with fine dry lines
- beauty of line in an artist's work
- on goal line
- be the first over the line
- draw a line from A to B
- draw two lines along the margin
- draw a line with a ruler
- make a line
- mark with lines
- run a line on the map3) ряд, очередь, цепь, строй, шеренгаThere were two lines at the box office. — В кассу за билетами было две очереди.
The children were all in line. — Дети выстроились в ряд.
He got first in line. — Он оказался первым в очереди.
There was a long line of cars ahead of us. — Перед нами была вереница машин.
The lines of the enemy gave way. — Ряды противника дрогнули.
- piket line- two lines abreast
- line troops
- line battalion
- line training
- line of trees
- line of policemen
- line of mountains
- line of workers on strike
- prestigeous line of authors
- lines of infantry
- line between these countries
- line of demarkation
- line of defence
- line of march of an army
- line of advance
- line of retreat
- line of aim
- line of fire
- line of battle
- line of departure
- line of contact
- officers of the line
- ships of the line
- in the line of duty
- at the beginning of the line
- arrange smth in a line
- be the first in the line
- drop out of line
- go into line
- be in the front line
- be next in line for promotion
- be in line for action
- break up a picket line
- form into a line
- go up the line
- lay smth out in a line
- march in line
- plant trees in a line
- see whether the wheels are in line
- stand in line for smth
- stand in one line
- step out of line
- suffer defeat all along the line
- have seven men in the line4) линия родства, родословнаяHe is the last of the royal line. — Он последний представитель королевского рода.
He decend in an unbroken line from Bruce. — Он прямой потомок Брюса.
- male line- decendent in a direct line
- come of a good line
- inheritance will go on the female line5) линия связиHe is on the line now. — Он сейчас говорит по телефону. /Он сейчас на линии.
They took the wrong line on the underground. — Они сели не на ту линию метро.
The tickets are sold at all points on the line. — Билеты продаются на всех пунктах линии.
There was silence on the other end of the line. Then her voice came back on the line. — На том конце телефон замолчал, затем на линии опять зазвучал ее голос.
- telephone line- main line
- local line
- single line
- communication lines
- air line
- branch line
- commuter line
- municipal bus line
- outside line
- long-distance line
- fallen power line
- line communication
- line maintenance
- supply lines to enemy formations
- line of force
- last stop on the local bus line
- all along the line
- somewhere along the line
- be on a party line
- do repairs to the lines
- fall from the platform onto the lines
- instal telephone lines in the neighbourhood
- open a new steamship line
- run a line of mail boats
- tie up the bus lines- line is engaged- line has gone dead6) верёвка, канат, провод, леса (удочки)Is your line strong enough to hol (to land) a ten-pound fish? — Ваше леска достаточно крепка, чтобы выдержать (вытянуть) пятикилограммовую рыбу?
- thin line- clothes line
- wire lines
- harpoon lines
- fish line
- end of the line
- hang the laundry on the line
- tie in a slack line
- tie a fish line to a fishing-rod
- line broke7) текст роли, слова ролиThe books are written along the same line. — Эти книги одного плана. /Эти книги написаны в одном и том же стиле.
You have dealt with the subject on the right lines, but your essay is lacking in detail. — Вы правильно подошли к вопросу, но в вашем очерке не хватает подробностей.
In spite of these gaps the broad line of the story remains clear. — Несмотря на эти пропуски, основной сюжет рассказа остается ясным.
- actor's lines- main line of the story
- just a few lines to tell you we are here
- go over one's lines
- learn one's lines8) тенденция, принцип, направление, курс, область деятельностиHe managed to keep the whole party in line. — Ему удалось поддерживать единство всей группы.
You need very strict directions to keep you in line. — Вам нужны очень точные указания, чтобы не сбиться с пути.
- policy lineIt all happened along the line. — Это все произошло на пути/во время пути.
- old propoganda line
- party line
- main line of the plan
- main line of the situation
- something along those lines
- rice pudding or something in that line
- men in the same line
- pay on the line
- on commercial line
- agree with smb's statement down the line
- be on a line with smth
- be successful all along the line
- be in the grocery line
- be in line with the statement
- be on line
- come on line
- be in line
- bring the theory in line with the facts
- change the line of conduct
- come into line with the majority
- do smth on scientific lines
- govern on conservative lines
- increase people's incomes in line with rising prices
- keep in line with the rules
- keep in line with the terms of the agreement
- keep smth on top line
- live below the poverty line
- pass instruction down the line
- reach the end of the line
- get to the end of the line
- set up a commitee on the following
- take a strong line over smth
- follow a strong line over smth
- throw a good line
- one's job is on the line
- paying on the line is cheaper than on credit
- try to bring the whole commitee into line
- population is split along religious lines
- conversation ran along familiar lines
- target was in line with the sun•USAGE: -
120 right
1. n правильность, правота, справедливость2. n право; привилегияright of legation — право посольства; право посылать дипломатическое представительство
right of common — право на совместное пользование ; общее право
right of war — право войны, право обращения к войне
to claim a right — предъявить претензию ; требовать своего, требовать причитающегося по праву
as of right — как полагающийся по праву; как само собой разумеющийся
3. n l4. n право на использование произведения искусства5. n обыкн. действительные факты, истинное положение вещей6. n порядокdoing all right — дела идут хорошо, всё в порядке
7. a правый, справедливыйto do what is right — правильно поступать; сделать то, что следует
right on — правильно, справедливо; что надо; в самую точку
let us suppose you are right — предположим, что вы правы
I should say that he was right — я бы сказал, что он прав
I should say that he is right — я бы сказал, что он прав
8. a верный, правильный9. a надлежащий; подходящий, уместныйthe right man in the right place — человек на своём месте, подходящий для данного дела человек
10. a здоровый, в хорошем состоянии; исправныйnot right in the head — ненормальный, безумный
11. a наиболее удобный, предпочтительный12. a прямой13. a лицевой, правый14. a редк. праведный15. a ирон. часто занимающий положение в обществе16. adv справедливо17. adv верно, правильноin the right way — правильно; надлежащим образом
18. adv надлежащим образом19. adv точно, как раз20. adv прямо21. adv эмоц. -усил. совершенно, полностьюto turn right round — повернуться кругом, сделать полный поворот
22. adv эмоц. -усил. арх. оченьright now — в этот момент; сейчас, сегодня же, сразу
right away, right off — сразу, немедленно
right off the bat — с места в карьер, сразу же
23. v исправлять; восстанавливать справедливостьto right a wrong — восстановить справедливость; компенсировать вред
24. v защищать права25. v выпрямлять26. v выпрямляться27. v приводить в порядокto right a room — убирать комнату, наводить порядок в комнате
not in the right order — не по порядку, не в обычном порядке
28. v компенсировать, возмещать29. n правая сторонаdenial of right — отказ в праве; умаление права
30. n воен. правый фланг31. n собир. полит. правая партия, правые, консерваторы32. n удар правой рукой; правая рука33. a полит. правый; реакционныйright brocket — знак "больше"; правый уголок
right turn — правый поворот; поворот направо
34. adv направоСинонимический ряд:1. authentic (adj.) actual; authentic; blown-in-the-bottle; bona fide; genuine; indubitable; pukka; questionless; real; simon-pure; sure-enough; undoubted; undubitable; unquestionable; veritable; very2. conservative (adj.) conservative; die-hard; fogyish; old-line; orthodox; reactionary; rightist; right-wing; tory; traditionalist; traditionalistic3. decent (adj.) acceptable; adequate; all right; common; decent; satisfactory; sufficient; tolerable; unexceptionable; unexceptional; unimpeachable; unobjectionable4. decorous (adj.) au fait; Christian; civilized; comely; conforming; de rigueur; decorous; done5. directly (adj.) directly; straight6. exactly (adj.) exactly; properly; suitably7. fit (adj.) applicable; appropriate; apt; becoming; befitting; condign; convenient; deserved; due; exemplary; felicitous; fit; fitting; happy; meet; merited; nice; requisite; respectable; rhadamanthine; seemly; suitable; suited8. front (adj.) front; obverse; outer; outward; principal; top; upper9. just (adj.) conscientious; equitable; fair; good; honest; honorable; just; scrupulous; upright10. moral (adj.) ethical; moral; principled; proper; righteous; right-minded11. rightful (adj.) lawful; legal; legitimate; rightful12. sane (adj.) all there; compos mentis; lucid; normal; rational; reasonable; sane; sound; wise13. true (adj.) accurate; correct; exact; faithful; perfect; precise; rigorous; strict; true; undistorted; valid; veracious; veridical14. well (adj.) hale; healthy; hearty; well; well-conditioned; well-liking; whole; wholesome15. authority (noun) authority; faculty16. claim (noun) claim; due; interest; ownership; title17. diehard (noun) bitter-ender; conservative; diehard; fundamentalist; old liner; praetorian; pullback; right wing; rightist; right-winger; standpat; standpatter; tory18. liberty (noun) appanage; birthright; liberty; license; perquisite; power; prerogative; privilege19. rectitude (noun) equity; fairness; good; integrity; justice; rectitude; righteousness; straight; uprightness; virtue20. correct (verb) amend; correct; emend; mend; rectify; remedy; solve21. doctor (verb) doctor; fix; overhaul; patch; repair; revamp22. stand up (verb) stand up23. away (other) at once; away; first off; forthwith; instanter; instantly; now; PDQ; right away; right off; straight away; straight off; straightway24. directly (other) as the crow flies; dead; direct; directly; due; immediately; in a beeline; straight; straight ahead; straightly; undeviatingly25. favourably (other) advantageously; favourably26. just (other) accurately; bang; exactly; just; sharp; spang; square; squarely27. justly (other) equitably; fairly; justly; lawfully; righteously; rightfully; rightly; uprightly28. precisely (other) actually; precisely; truly29. very (other) awfully; damned; dreadfully; eminently; exceedingly; exceptionally; extremely; greatly; highly; hugely; insatiably; mightily; mighty; mortally; most; much; notably; parlous; pesky; rattling; remarkably; snapping; so; spanking; staving; strikingly; super; surpassingly; terribly; very30. well (other) acceptably; adequately; afond; altogether; amply; appropriately; becomingly; befittingly; clear; completely; correctly; entirely; fitly; fittingly; fully; perfectly; properly; quite; roundly; satisfactorily; suitably; thoroughly; utterly; well; whollyАнтонимический ряд:elastic; erroneous; false; faulty; flexible; immoral; improper; incorrect; lenient; poorly; soft; wrong
См. также в других словарях:
The First Sex — is a 1971 book by the American librarian Elizabeth Gould Davis, considered part of the second wave of feminism. In the book, Gould Davis aimed to show that early human society consisted of matriarchal queendoms based around worship of the Great… … Wikipedia
The First Duty — Star Trek: The Next Generation episode Cadet Wesley Crusher testifies at an accident inquiry … Wikipedia
The Godzilla Power Hour — infobox Television show name = The Godzilla Power Hour caption = Original title card for The Godzilla Power Hour . format = Animated television series runtime = 60 minutes starring = country = flag|Japan USA network = NBC first aired = September… … Wikipedia
The First (comics) — Superteambox imagesize= caption=Cover to The First #1 team name=The First publisher=CrossGen debut=CrossGenesis, CrossGen Chronicles #1 creators=Barbara Kesel, Bart Sears base=Elysia members=Altwaal, Raamia, Pyrem, Ingra, Trenin, Yala, Gannish,… … Wikipedia
The First Stone — Infobox Book name = The First Stone: Some questions about sex and power image caption = author = Helen Garner cover artist = country = Australia language = English subject = genre = publisher = Picador Australia pub date = 1995 04 01cite… … Wikipedia
The First Man — infobox Book | name = The First Man title orig = Le Premier Homme translator = David Hapgood image caption = Vintage International s 1995 edition The First Man , translated by David Hapgood. author = Albert Camus illustrator = cover artist =… … Wikipedia
The First Conspiracy — Infobox Album | Name = The First Conspiracy Type = Album Artist = The (International) Noise Conspiracy Released = 1999 Recorded = Genre = Rock n roll, Power pop Length = Label = Producer = Reviews = *Allmusic Rating|2.5|5… … Wikipedia
Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment — The Free Exercise Clause is the accompanying clause with the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Free Exercise Clause reads:In 1879, the Supreme Court was first called to interpret the extent of the… … Wikipedia
Power steering — helps drivers steer vehicles by augmenting steering effort of the steering wheel. It does this by adding controlled energy to the steering mechanism, so the driver needs to provide only modest effort regardless of conditions. In particular, power … Wikipedia
Power Mac G4 — The Graphite Power Mac G4 Developer Apple Inc. Release date August 31, 1999 Discontinued June 9, 2004 … Wikipedia
Power loom — The first power loom, a mechanized loom powered by a drive shaft, was designed in 1784 by Edmund Cartwright and first built in 1785, later to be perfected by William Horrocks. It allowed textile making to be done far faster than if a human had… … Wikipedia