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  • 21 locum

    lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    adsedistis in festivo loco,

    i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

    locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

    3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

    Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

    Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

    locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

    Liv. 22, 38:

    Romae per omnes locos,

    Sall. J. 32:

    facere alicui locum in turba,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

    ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    ex inferiore loco,

    to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

    loco deicere,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    loco cedere,

    to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

    Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

    room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

    Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—
    2.
    So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

    locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

    Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

    loca lautia,

    App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—
    3.
    A piece or part of an estate:

    stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

    Dig. 50, 16, 60:

    locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

    ib. 41, 2, 26.—
    4.
    A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

    ita hic lepidust locus,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

    nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

    id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

    non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

    numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

    Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

    locus Pherae,

    Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

    locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

    id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

    quos locos adiisti,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

    locos tenere,

    Liv. 5, 35, 1:

    occupare,

    Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

    loca haec circiter,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

    venisse in illa loca,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—
    5.
    In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

    tum loca sorte legunt,

    Verg. A. 5, 132:

    loca jussa tenere,

    id. ib. 10, 238:

    loca servare,

    Amm. 25, 6, 14.—
    6.
    Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

    loci nervosi,

    Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

    muliebres,

    Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

    si ea lotio locos fovebit,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

    cum in locis semen insederit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

    genitalia,

    Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

    in males,

    Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—
    7.
    Communis locus,
    (α).
    The place of the dead:

    qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—
    (β).
    A public place:

    Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—
    8.
    A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.
    1.
    In gen.:

    cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

    Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

    hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

    id. Or. 48, 162:

    philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

    id. ib. 33, 118:

    ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—
    2.
    Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

    cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

    Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

    traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

    id. Or. 35; so sing.:

    itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

    id. Top. 2.—
    3.
    Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

    pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

    vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

    Quint. 2, 4, 30:

    locus, for communis locus,

    id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—
    B.
    A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

    99): locos quosdam transferam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

    locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

    Gell. 1, 21, 7;

    but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—
    C.
    Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

    et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

    avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

    de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

    to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    dare suspicioni locum,

    id. Cael. 4, 9:

    dare locum dubitationis,

    id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

    qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

    in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

    locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

    huic edicto locus est,

    ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

    meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

    Verg. A. 11, 179:

    cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

    Quint. 5, 13, 8:

    quaerendi,

    id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

    in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 1, 4:

    si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    maledicto nihil loci est,

    id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

    vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

    nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

    nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

    valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

    id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—
    D.
    In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

    si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

    position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

    tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

    in uxoris loco habere,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

    in liberūm loco esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

    is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

    id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

    eodem loco esse,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

    parentis loco esse,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    hostium loco esse,

    Liv. 2, 4, 7:

    fratris loco esse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

    nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

    not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

    posuisti loco versus Attianos,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

    epistolae non in loco redditae,

    id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

    dulce est desipere in loco,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

    locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

    Quint. 12, 10, 23:

    quo res summa loco?

    in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

    quo sit fortuna loco,

    id. ib. 9, 723:

    quo sit Romana loco res,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

    quo tua sit fortuna loco,

    Stat. Th. 7, 558:

    missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

    Liv. 2, 47, 5:

    primo loco,

    in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

    quo loci for quo loco,

    Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

    eo loci for eo loco,

    id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

    eodem loci,

    Suet. Calig. 53:

    ubi loci,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

    ibidem loci,

    id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

    interea loci for interea,

    meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

    postea loci,

    after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

    ubicumque locorum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

    adhuc locorum,

    hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

    ad id locorum,

    to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

    post id locorum,

    after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

    inde loci,

    since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—
    E.
    Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

    summus locus civitatis,

    Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

    tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

    id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

    quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

    id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

    id. Sest. 31, 68:

    Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

    codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

    indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 37, 8:

    sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

    Quint. 10, 5, 6:

    erat ordine proximus locus,

    id. 7, 3, 36:

    humili loco,

    id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

    ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

    Liv. 10, 15, 8:

    quinque augurum loca,

    id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

    omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

    id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

    Vesta loca prima tenet,

    Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

    infimo loco natus,

    Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

    esse summo loco natus,

    id. Planc. 25, 60:

    Tanaquil summo loco nata,

    Liv. 1, 34.—
    F.
    Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

    criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

    haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > locum

  • 22 locus

    lŏcus (old form stlocus, like stlis for lis, Quint. 1, 4, 16), i, m. ( lŏcum, i, n., Inscr. ap. Grut. 129, 14; plur. loci, single places; loca, places connected with each other, a region; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 666 sq., and v. infra), a place, spot.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    adsedistis in festivo loco,

    i. e. the theatre, Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 83:

    locum sibi velle liberum praeberier, ubi nequam faciat clam,

    id. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 3, 44; cf.

    3, 2, 25: omnes copias in unum locum convenire,

    Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2:

    Galli qui ea loca incolerent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4:

    locorum situm naturam regionis nosse,

    Liv. 22, 38:

    Romae per omnes locos,

    Sall. J. 32:

    facere alicui locum in turba,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 210:

    ex loco superiore agere, of an orator speaking from the rostra, or of a judge pronouncing judgment: de loco superiore dicere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:

    ex aequo loco, of one speaking in the Senate or conversing with another: et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habiti,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    ex inferiore loco,

    to speak before a judge, id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: primus locus aedium, a dwelling on the ground-floor, Nep. praef. 6.— A post, position: loco movere, to drive from a place or post, Ter. Phorm. prol. 32; so,

    loco deicere,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

    loco cedere,

    to give way, abandon one's post, retire, Sall. C. 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 15.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A place, seat, in the theatre, the circus, or the forum:

    Servi ne obsideant, liberis ut sit locus,

    room, seats, Plaut. Cas. prol. 23.—

    Esp. the place assigned by the Senate to foreign ambassadors: locum ad spectandum dare,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73; 34, 72; so Liv. 30, 17. — Plur. loca, Liv. 34, 44, 5; Vell. 2, 32, 3; Suet. Claud. 21; id. Ner. 11; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21.—But plur. loci, Tac. A. 15, 32.—
    2.
    So of the lodging, quarters, place of abode assigned to foreign ambassadors for their residence:

    locus inde lautiaque legatis praeberi jussa,

    Liv. 28, 39, 19; 30, 17, 14; 42, 26, 5; Symm. Ep. 4, 56; Sid. Ep. 8, 12:

    loca lautia,

    App. M. 3, p. 140, 30.—
    3.
    A piece or part of an estate:

    stricte loquendo locus non est fundus sed pars aliqua fundi,

    Dig. 50, 16, 60:

    locus certus ex fundo possideri potest,

    ib. 41, 2, 26.—
    4.
    A place, spot, locality; a country region: hau longe abesse oportet homines hinc;

    ita hic lepidust locus,

    Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35:

    nunc hoc ubi abstrudam cogito solum locum,

    id. Aul. 4, 6, 7:

    non hoc ut oppido praeposui, sed ut loco,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10; Verg. A. 1, 530; Caes. B. G. 5, 12.— Poet. of the inhabitants of a place, a neighborhood:

    numina vicinorum odit uterque locus,

    Juv. 15, 37.—Of a place where a city once stood, a site:

    locus Pherae,

    Plin. 4, 5, 6, § 13:

    locus Buprasium, Hyrmine,

    id. ib.; cf. Ov. F. 2, 280.— Plur. rarely loci:

    quos locos adiisti,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 86:

    locos tenere,

    Liv. 5, 35, 1:

    occupare,

    Sall. J. 18, 4; 76, 1; Lucr. 4, 509; Verg. A. 1, 306; 2, 28; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 22; Tac. A. 1, 61; 13, 36; Suet. Tib. 43.—Usually loca:

    loca haec circiter,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 8:

    venisse in illa loca,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5; id. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sq.; Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 1, 373; 2, 146; Cat. 9, 7; 63, 3; Sall. J. 18, 11; 54, 3; Verg. G. 2, 140; id. A. 1, 51; 2, 495; Hor. C. 1, 22, 7; Tib. 4, 1, 97; Ov. M. 10, 29; Liv. 1, 1, 5; 1, 5, 2; 1, 6, 4 et saep.—
    5.
    In war [p. 1075] or battle, a post, station (plur. loca):

    tum loca sorte legunt,

    Verg. A. 5, 132:

    loca jussa tenere,

    id. ib. 10, 238:

    loca servare,

    Amm. 25, 6, 14.—
    6.
    Loci and loca, of parts of the body:

    loci nervosi,

    Cels. 5, 26, 26.—Esp.:

    muliebres,

    Varr. L. L. 5, 2, 15; and without adj., in females, the womb:

    si ea lotio locos fovebit,

    Cato, R. R. 157, 11:

    cum in locis semen insederit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51; Cels. 2, 8. —Of animals, Col. 6, 27, 10.—Of birds, Col. 8, 11, 8; Lucr. 14, 1246; Plin. 11, 37, 84, § 209; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 17:

    genitalia,

    Col. 7, 7, 4; cf. id. 8, 7, 2; 8, 11, 8;

    in males,

    Lucr. 4, 1034; 4, 1045.—
    7.
    Communis locus,
    (α).
    The place of the dead:

    qui nunc abierunt hinc in communem locum,

    Plaut. Cas. prol. 19.—
    (β).
    A public place:

    Sthenius... qui oppidum non maximum maximis ex pecunia sua locis communibus monumentisque decoravit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112.—
    8.
    A burial-place, grave; very freq. in epitaphs; v. Inscr. Orell. 8; 4499; 4500 sq.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    A topic of discussion or thought; a matter, subject, point, head or division of a subject.
    1.
    In gen.:

    cum fundamentum esset philosophiae positum in finibus bonorum, perpurgatus est is locus a nobis quinque libris,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 2:

    Theophrastus cum tractat locos ab Aristotele ante tractatos,

    id. Fin. 1, 2, 6:

    hic locus, de natura usuque verborum,

    id. Or. 48, 162:

    philosophiae noti et tractati loci,

    id. ib. 33, 118:

    ex quattuor locis in quos honesti naturam vimque divisimus,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Inv. 2, 3, 11; 2, 5, 16; 2, 8, 26 et saep.; Quint. 2, 4, 27; 2, 11, 6; 5, 8, 4; Juv. 6, 245; Tac. Or. 31.—
    2.
    Esp.: loci, the grounds of proof, the points on which proofs are founded or from which they are deduced:

    cum pervestigare argumentum aliquod volumus, locos nosse debemus,

    Cic. Top. 2, 7; id. de Or. 1, 13, 56; 3, 55, 210:

    traditi sunt ex quibus argumenta ducantur duplices loci,

    id. Or. 35; so sing.:

    itaque licet definire, locum esse argumenti sedem,

    id. Top. 2.—
    3.
    Esp.: loci communes, general arguments, which do not grow out of the particular facts of a case, but are applicable to any class of cases:

    pars (argumentorum) est pervagatior et aut in omnis ejusdem generis aut in plerasque causas adcommodata: haec ergo argumenta, quae transferri in multas causas possunt, locos communis nominamus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 14, 47 sq.; cf. the passage at length; id. ib. 2, 16, 50 sq.; 2, 18, 56; Auct. Her. 3, 8, 15; Quint. 2, 1, 9; 3, 1, 12; 5, 1, 3; 5, 13, 57 al.— Sing.:

    vix ullus est tam communis locus, qui possit cohaerere cum causa, nisi aliquo proprio quaestionis vinculo copulatus,

    Quint. 2, 4, 30:

    locus, for communis locus,

    id. 4, 2, 117; 5, 7, 32.—
    B.
    A passage in a book or author; plur. loci (Zumpt, Gram. §

    99): locos quosdam transferam,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 1, 1, 36; 1, 4, 4; 5, 13, 42; 6, 3, 36; Tac. Or. 22:

    locos Lucreti plurimos sectare,

    Gell. 1, 21, 7;

    but rarely loca: loca jam recitata,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 223; Amm. 29, 2, 8.—
    C.
    Room, opportunity, cause, occasion, place, time, etc., for any thing:

    et cognoscendi et ignoscendi dabitur peccati locus,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 6:

    avaritia paululum aliquid loci rationi et consilio dedisset,

    Cic. Quint. 16, 53:

    de tuo in me animo iniquis secus existimandi videris nonnihil dedisse loci,

    to have given occasion, cause, reason, id. Fam. 3, 6, 6:

    dare suspicioni locum,

    id. Cael. 4, 9:

    dare locum dubitationis,

    id. Balb. 6, 16; Val. Fl. 4, 451: locum habere, to find a place:

    qui dolorem summum malum dicit, apud eum, quem locum habet fortitudo?

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

    in hoc altero dicacitatis quid habet ars loci?

    id. de Or. 2, 54, 219; so,

    locus est alicui rei: legi Aquiliae locus est adversus te,

    Dig. 9, 2, 27; cf.:

    huic edicto locus est,

    ib. 37, 10, 6; cf.:

    meritis vacat hic tibi locus,

    Verg. A. 11, 179:

    cum defendendi negandive non est locus,

    Quint. 5, 13, 8:

    quaerendi,

    id. 3, 8, 21.—Also in the sense of there is place for any thing, it finds acceptance:

    in poëtis non Homero soli locus est aut Archilocho, etc.,

    Cic. Or. 1, 4:

    si in mea familiaritate locus esset nemini nisi, etc.,

    id. Planc. 33, 82:

    maledicto nihil loci est,

    id. Mur. 5, 12: locum non relinquere, to leave no room for, not to admit, to exclude:

    vita turpis ne morti quidem honestae locum relinquit,

    id. Quint. 15, 49; so,

    nec precibus nostris nec admonitionibus relinquit locum,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 2: nancisci locum, to find occasion:

    nactus locum resecandae libidinis,

    id. Att. 1, 18, 2:

    valde gaudeo, si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

    id. ib. 9, 7, 6.—
    D.
    In aliquo loco esse, to be in any place, position, situation, condition, state, relation:

    si ego in istoc siem loco, dem potius aurum, quam, etc.,

    position, place, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 116:

    tanta ibi copia venustatum aderat, in suo quaeque loco sita munde,

    id. Poen. 5, 4, 8:

    in uxoris loco habere,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 52:

    in liberūm loco esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200; id. Planc. 11, 28; id. Brut. 1, 1; but more freq. without in:

    is si eo loco esset, negavit se facturum,

    id. Fam. 4, 4, 4:

    eodem loco esse,

    Sen. Ben. 3, 8, 2; 7, 14, 6.—Esp. with a gen.:

    parentis loco esse,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61:

    hostium loco esse,

    Liv. 2, 4, 7:

    fratris loco esse,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 3, 1; 7, 3, 6; Quint. 6, 1, 7:

    nec vero hic locus est, ut, etc.,

    not the proper occasion, Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33.— Hence, loco or in loco, at the right place or time, seasonably, suitably:

    posuisti loco versus Attianos,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4:

    epistolae non in loco redditae,

    id. ib. 11, 16, 1:

    dulce est desipere in loco,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 28; so,

    locis: non insurgit locis? non figuris gaudet?

    Quint. 12, 10, 23:

    quo res summa loco?

    in what condition? Verg. A. 2, 322:

    quo sit fortuna loco,

    id. ib. 9, 723:

    quo sit Romana loco res,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 25:

    quo tua sit fortuna loco,

    Stat. Th. 7, 558:

    missis nuntiis, quo loco res essent,

    Liv. 2, 47, 5:

    primo loco,

    in the first place, first in order, Juv. 5, 12.—Freq. as a partit. gen.:

    quo loci for quo loco,

    Cic. Att. 8, 10; id. Div. 2, 66:

    eo loci for eo loco,

    id. Sest. 31, 68; Tac. A. 15, 74:

    eodem loci,

    Suet. Calig. 53:

    ubi loci,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 26:

    ibidem loci,

    id. Cist. 3, 1, 53:

    interea loci for interea,

    meanwhile, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 46:

    postea loci,

    after that, afterwards, Sall. J. 102:

    ubicumque locorum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 34:

    adhuc locorum,

    hitherto, Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 25:

    ad id locorum,

    to that time, till then, hitherto, Sall. J. 63, 6; 73, 2; Liv. 22, 38, 12:

    post id locorum,

    after that, thereupon, Plaut. Cas. 1, 32:

    inde loci,

    since then, Lucr. 5, 437.—
    E.
    Place, position, degree, rank, order, office, of persons or things:

    summus locus civitatis,

    Cic. Clu. 55, 150:

    tua dignitas suum locum obtinebit,

    id. Fam. 3, 9, 2:

    quem locum apud ipsum Caesarem obtinuisti?

    id. Phil. 2, 29, 71:

    res erat et causa nostra eo jam loci, ut, etc.,

    id. Sest. 31, 68:

    Socrates voluptatem nullo loco numerat,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90:

    codem loco habere, quo, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41; Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 6; 7, 77, 3; id. B. C. 1, 84, 2:

    indignantes eodem se loco esse, quo, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 37, 8:

    sed esto, neque melius quod invenimus esse, neque par, est certe proximus locus,

    Quint. 10, 5, 6:

    erat ordine proximus locus,

    id. 7, 3, 36:

    humili loco,

    id. 4, 2, 2.— Plur. loca:

    ut patricii recuperarent duo consularia loca,

    Liv. 10, 15, 8:

    quinque augurum loca,

    id. 10, 8, 3; 42, 34, 15:

    omnia loca obtinuere, ne cui plebeio aditus esset,

    id. 4, 57, 11; Tac. A. 2, 55:

    Vesta loca prima tenet,

    Ov. F. 6, 304.—Esp. of birth:

    infimo loco natus,

    Cic. Fl. 11, 24:

    esse summo loco natus,

    id. Planc. 25, 60:

    Tanaquil summo loco nata,

    Liv. 1, 34.—
    F.
    Loco, adverbially, in the place of, instead of, for:

    criminis loco putant esse, quod vivam,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6:

    haec filium suum sibi praemii loco deposcit,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 144.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > locus

  • 23 vindico

    vindĭco (on account of a supposed derivation from venum - dico, also written vendĭco), āvi, ātum, 1 (collat. form, acc. to the 3d conj., VINDICIT, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1 fin.), v. a. [vim - dico, prop. to assert authority, viz. in a case where legal possession of a thing claimed is refused; hence, transf.], to lay legal claim to a thing, whether as one's own property or for its restoration to a free condition.
    I.
    Lit.: IN. IVS. DVCITO. NI IVDICATVM FACIT AVT QVIS ENDO EOM IVRE VINDICIT, i. e. eum in jure vindicat, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf., on the form of laying claim to disputed personal property, Gai Inst. 4, 16:

    vindicare sponsam in libertatem,

    Liv. 3, 45, 11; cf. id. 3, 48, 5; 3, 46, 7:

    puellam,

    id. 3, 46, 3:

    ita vindicatur Virginia spondentibus propinquis,

    id. 3, 46, 8.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen. (freq. and class.; cf. assero).
    A.
    To lay claim to as one's own, to make a claim upon, to demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate a thing:

    omnia non Quiritium sed sapientium jure pro suis vindicare,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

    videor id meo jure quodam modo vindicare,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

    Homerum... Chii suum vindicant,

    id. Arch. 8, 19:

    ortūs nostri partem patria vindicat,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

    maximam partem quasi suo jure Fortuna sibi vindicat,

    id. Marcell. 2, 6:

    ceterarum rerum quae sunt in oratore, partem aliquam sibi quisque vindicat,

    id. Or. 19, 69:

    quod neque summi imperatores... sibi umquam vindicare sunt ausi,

    Quint. 1, prooem. §

    14: partem oneris tui mihi vindico,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2:

    majestatem sibi,

    id. Pan. 42, 1:

    partis sibi aequas potentiae,

    Suet. Tib. 50; id. Tit. 5; Sen. Ira, 3, 30, 3; id. Cons. Helv. 3, 9; id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10; Val. Max. 4, 3, 1; 5, 3, ext. 2; cf. Plin. Pan. 8, 2; Val. Max. 4, 5, 3: iniquissima haec bellorum condicio est; prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur, Tac. Agr. 27:

    victoriae majore parte ad se vindicatā,

    Liv. 44, 14, 8:

    decus belli ad se,

    id. 9, 43, 14:

    tanta tamen universae Galliae consensio fuit libertatis vindicandae, ut, etc.,

    should be maintained, vindicated, Caes. B. G. 7, 76:

    Trasimenum pro Tarsimeno multi auctores... vindicaverunt,

    have adopted, Quint. 1, 5, 13; so id. 1, 5, 26:

    vindicet antiquam faciem, vultusque ferinos Detrahat,

    reassume, Ov. M. 2, 523.— Poet., with inf.:

    vindicat hoc Pharius dextrā gestare satelles,

    Luc. 8, 675.—
    B.
    To place a thing in a free condition.
    1.
    In libertatem vindicare, to set free, to free, emancipate:

    in libertatem rem populi,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48:

    ex dominatu Ti. Gracchi in libertatem rem publicam,

    id. Brut. 58, 212:

    rem publicam afflictam et oppressam in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem,

    i. e. to restore, id. Fam. 2, 5, 2:

    Galliam in libertatem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

    se et populum Romanum in libertatem,

    id. B. C. 1, 22.—
    2.
    To deliver, liberate, protect, defend:

    te ab eo vindico et libero,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9:

    nos a verberibus, ab unco, a crucis terrore neque res gestae neque acta aetas neque vestri honores vindicabunt?

    id. Rab. Perd. 5, 16:

    sapientia sola nos a libidinum impetu et formidinum terrore vindicat,

    id. Fin. 1, 14, 46:

    quin ab hoc ignotissimo Phryge nobilissimum civem vindicetis?

    id. Fl. 17, 40:

    aliquem a miseriis morte,

    id. Brut. 96, 329:

    a molestiā,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 2:

    a labore,

    id. Sull. 9, 26:

    domum suam a solitudine,

    id. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

    laudem summorum oratorum ab oblivione hominum atque a silentio,

    rescue, id. ib. 2, 2, 7:

    sed ab hac necessitate egregie vos fortuna vindicat,

    Liv. 37, 54, 10:

    corpora a putrescendo (sal),

    Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 98:

    ebur a carie (vetus oleum),

    id. 15, 7, 7, § 32:

    capillum a canitie,

    id. 28, 11, 46, § 164:

    se non modo ex suspitione tanti sceleris, verum etiam ex omni hominum sermone,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    perpetienda illa fuerunt, ut se aliquando ad suos vindicaret,

    might restore, id. Rab. Post. 9, 25:

    quam dura ad saxa revinctam Vindicat Alcides,

    sets free, Ov. M. 11, 213:

    tandem absolutus vindicatusque est (reus),

    Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1.—
    C.
    With respect to some wrong perpetrated (cf. ulciscor), to avenge, revenge, punish; to take vengeance on any one; make compensation for:

    omnia quae vindicaris in altero, sibi ipsi vehementer fugienda sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 2, § 4:

    maleficium in aliis vindicare,

    id. Sull. 6, 19:

    facinus in nullo etiam,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

    dolum malum et legibus,

    id. Off. 3, 15, 61. acerrime maleficia, id. Rosc. Am. 5, 12:

    consensionem improborum supplicio omni,

    id. Lael. 12, 43:

    eam rem quam vehementer,

    id. Quint. 7, 28:

    Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos,

    id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    necem Crassi,

    Ov. F. 6, 468:

    offensas ense,

    id. Tr. 3, 8, 40:

    fortuita non civium tantummodo sed urbium damna principis munificentia vindicat,

    Vell. 2, 126, 4.— Impers. pass.:

    fateor non modo in socios, sed etiam in cives militesque nostros persaepe esse severe ac vehementer vindicatum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 133:

    vindicandum in eos,

    Sall. J. 31, 18:

    vindicatum in eos, qui, etc.,

    id. C. 9, 4; cf.:

    in quos (Venetos) eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, quo diligentius, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 16.—
    2.
    Transf. (after the analogy of ulcisci): vindicare se ab (de) aliquo, to revenge one's self upon one:

    se ab illo,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 3:

    se de fortunā praefationibus,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 14.— Pass.:

    quantā saevitiā opus erat, ut Sulla de Mario vindicaretur,

    Flor. 3, 21, 19.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vindico

  • 24 causa

    I.
    (in the abl.) on account of, for the sake of.
    II.
    case at law, case, law-suit / situation, condition.
    III.
    cause / reason, motive, pretext / interest.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > causa

  • 25 is

    is, ĕa, id (m. eis, C. I. L. 1, 198; n. it, ib. 5, 875 al., and freq. in MSS. of Plaut.), gen. ējus (old form eiius, C. I. L. 3, 1365 et saep.; v. Prisc. 1, 4, 18, p. 545;

    also etius,

    ib. 2, 1276 al.;

    scanned ĕius,

    Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374;

    also Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: eius, monosyl.,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206; Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 7 et saep.; dat. ĕï, in ante-class. poetry often ēi, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 46; Lucr. 2, 1136; 5, 300:

    eiei, C. I. L. 1, 198, 12 al.: eei,

    Inscr. Neap. 2423:

    iei, C. I. L. 1, 205, col. 2, 12 al.: ei, monosyl.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 68; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138 et saep.; Cat. 82, 3; cf. Prisc. 7, 5, 21, p. 740; Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374:

    eo,

    Inscr. Murat. 582; f. eae, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 77 Ritschl; Cato, R. R. 46, 1; v. Varr. L. L. 8, 28, 51; acc. im for eum, Lex ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Charis. 1, 17, p. 107 sq.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 103; also em, Tab. XII., tab. 1, fr. 1.— Plur. nom. m. ĕi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 32; id. Stich. 1, 3, 47; Ter. Ad. prol. 23; but in the MSS. ii; Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87 et saep.:

    eei,

    Inscr. Neap. 2423, 8: iei, C. I. L. 1, 185; Varr. L. L. 9, 1, 2 al.;

    but ī,

    Plaut. Trin. prol. 17; id. Mil. 3, 1, 158 al.; v. Ritschl prol. p. 98; gen. eum for eorum, Inscr. Murat. 582, 2; dat. and abl. eīs or iīs, also īs, C. I. L. 1, 198, 48; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 140, and freq. in MSS.:

    eis, monosyl.,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 36; id. Eun. 5, 8, 59 al.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 4, 934: ieis, C. I. L. 1, 204, col. 1, 5 al.;

    old form also ībus,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 74; id. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ĭbus, Titin. et Pomp. ap. Non. p. 486; Lucr. 2, 88; cf. S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; v. Lachm. l. l.; f. eābus, Cato, R. R. 152; cf. Prisc. 7, 3, 11, p. 733; v. more on these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 191-196), pron. demonstr. [root i-; Sanscr. itas; hence, i-ha, here; cf. i-bi, i-ta, i-dem, etc.].
    I.
    He, she, it; this or that man, woman, thing.
    A.
    Referring to something already mentioned, in gen.
    1.
    Referring to the third person:

    fuit quidam senex Mercator: navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam: Is obiit mortem,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 16:

    venit mihi obviam tuus puer: is mihi litteras abs te reddidit,

    Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1:

    objecit ut probrum nobiliori, quod is, etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3.—
    2.
    Of the first person:

    ego me credidi Homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi mando maxumo,

    Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47:

    haec omnia is feci, qui sodalis Dolabellae eram,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 14; Sen. Ep. 63 al. —
    3.
    Of the second person:

    qui magister equitum fuisse tibi viderere, is per municipia cucurristi,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 30.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In connection with a noun:

    ea re, quia turpe sit, faciendum non esse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 13:

    ea res ut est Helvetiis enuntiata, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    ne ob eam rem tribueret, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    flumen est Arar... id flumen, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 12: sub id tempus, Liv. [p. 1004] 43, 5:

    ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 3:

    ante eam diem,

    id. Att. 2, 11, 2:

    ea tempestate,

    Sall. C. 36, 4:

    quam urbem is rex condidit,

    Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 61.—
    2.
    When is, ea, id would stand in the same case with the relative it is usually omitted; when the relative precedes, it is sometimes employed for emphasis:

    male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id temptatur pecuniā,

    Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22. —
    3.
    Connected with que and quidem, it gives prominence to a preceding idea:

    cum una legione eaque vacillante,

    and that, Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31:

    inprimis nobis sermo isque multus de te fuit,

    id. Att. 5, 1, 3:

    tuus dolor humanus is quidem, sed, etc.,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    vincula et ea sempiterna,

    id. Cat. 4, 4, 7:

    certa flagitiis merces, nec ea parva,

    id. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—
    4.
    It is sometimes used instead of the reflexive pronoun:

    Helvetii persuadent Rauracis, ut una cum iis (for secum) proficiscantur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 5:

    Caesar etiam privatas injurias ultus est, quod ejus soceri avum Tigurini interfecerant,

    id. ib. 1, 12. —
    5.
    It is sometimes placed, for greater emphasis, after a relative:

    multitudinem, quae fortunis vestris imminebat, eam... se fecisse commemorat, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Mil. 35, 95; cf.:

    urbem novam conditam vi et armis, jure eam legibusque de integro condere parat,

    Liv. 1, 19, 1.—
    C.
    Id, n., to designate an idea in the most general manner, that (thing, fact, thought, circumstance, etc.).
    1.
    In gen.:

    quando verba vana ad id locorum fuerint, rebus standum esse,

    hitherto, till now, Liv. 9, 45, 2; so,

    ad id (sc. tempus),

    id. 3, 22:

    ad id diei,

    Gell. 17, 8:

    ad id quod natura cogeret, i. e. death,

    Nep. Att. 22, 2:

    id temporis,

    at that time, Cic. Mil. 10, 28; id. Cat. 4, 1, 10: id. Att. 13, 33:

    id aetatis,

    at that age, id. de Or. 1, 47; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91.—
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    Id, therefore, for that reason, on that account:

    id ego gaudeo,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3:

    id misera maesta est,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 66:

    idne estis auctores mihi?

    do you advise me to that? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16.—
    (β).
    Id genus = ejus generis, Gell. 9, 12, 13:

    aliquid id genus scribere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3.—
    (γ).
    Ad id, for that purpose:

    ad id quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati,

    Liv. 3, 7, 8: ad id quod = praeterquam quod, besides that:

    consul ad id, quod, etc., tunc quoque, etc.,

    id. 44, 37, 12; 3, 62, 1; 26, 45, 8 al.—
    (δ).
    In id, to that end, on that account, therefore:

    in id fide a rege accepta,

    Liv. 28, 17.—
    (ε).
    In eo est, it is gone so far, is at that pass:

    quod ad me de Lentulo scribis, non est in eo,

    it is not come to that, is not so, Cic. Att. 12, 40:

    cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet miles,

    when the soldiers were just on the point of scaling the walls, Liv. 2, 17, 5; 28, 22, 8; Nep. Milt. 7, 3: in eo est, also, it consists in that, depends upon that:

    totum in eo est tectorium, ut sit concinnum,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, § 1:

    ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 57, 254:

    sic velim enitare quasi in eo mihi sint omnia,

    id. Fam. 15, 14.—
    (ζ).
    Ex eo, from that, hence:

    sed tamen ex eo, quod eam voluptatem videtur amplexari saepe vehementius, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 9. —
    (η).
    Cum eo, ut (with subj.), with the condition or stipulation that, etc., Liv. 8, 14.—
    (θ).
    Eo, adverbially, with the comp., so much, by so much; but frequently to be expressed in English by the, Cic. Quint. 9; so id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.—
    D.
    Sometimes is refers to the foll. substantive, instead of to the preceding relative:

    quae vectigalia locasset, ea rata locatio (for eorum),

    Liv. 23, 11:

    ea libera conjectura est (for de hac re),

    id. 4, 20:

    quae pars major erit, eo stabitur consilio (for ejus),

    id. 7, 35:

    existit ea, quae gemma dicitur,

    Cic. de Sen. 15.—Sometimes, for emphasis, it is placed before the relative quod, to represent a thought or clause:

    ratus, id quod negotium poscebat, Jugurtham venturum,

    Sall. J. 56, 1; id. C. 51, 20:

    sive ille hoc ingenio potuisset, sive, id quod constaret, Platonis studiosus audiendi fuisset,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 89:

    si nos, id quod debet, nostra patria delectat,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 196:

    si, id quod facile factu fuit, vi armisque superassem,

    id. Sest. 17, 39; 13, 30; so,

    id quo,

    id. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

    id de quo,

    Liv. 21, 10, 9. — It is thus apparently pleonastic after substantives: Octavio Mamilio—is longe princeps Latini nominis erat...—ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49, 9:

    cultrum, quem habebat, eum defigit,

    id. 1, 58, 11; cf. id. 3, 58, 1.—It is rarely pleonastic after the relative:

    quod ne id facere posses, idcirco dixeram,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79 dub. (B. and K. bracket id). —
    II.
    He, she, it; that man or the man ( woman, thing), the one, that one, as a correlative to qui:

    si is, qui erit adductus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207:

    is mihi profecto servus spectatus satis, Cui dominus curae est,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 5. And also in the first person:

    haec tibi scribo... is, qui flevi,

    Sen. Ep. 1.—
    III.
    Such, of such a sort, character, or quality:

    in eum jam rediit locum, ut, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 118:

    neque enim tu is es, qui, quid sis, nescias,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6; 4, 7, 2:

    itaque ego is in illum sum, quem tu me esse vis,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 1:

    is eram natus... ut potuerim,

    Liv. 7, 40, 8.— Adj.:

    nec tamen eas cenas quaero, ut magnae reliquiae fiant,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; id. Clu. 70:

    quae causae sunt ejus modi, ut de earum jure dubium esse non possit,

    id. de Or. 1, 57, 241:

    est enim credo is vir iste, ut civitatis nomen sua auctoritate sustineat,

    id. Fl. 15, 34. —
    B.
    Such, so great, of so high a degree:

    L. Mescinius ea mecum consuetudine conjunctus est, quod mihi quaestor fuit,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 1.—Hence, advv.
    1.
    ĕā (sc. parte, viā, etc.), on that side, by that way, there:

    quod eā proxime accedi poterat,

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 21:

    itinera muniit: effecit ut eā elephantus ornatus ire posset, quā antea, etc.,

    Nep. Ham. 3 fin.:

    postquam comperit, transitum eā non esse,

    Liv. 21, 32, 9; 5, 43, 2; 24, 2 fin.; 26, 11 fin.; 27, 15 fin. al. —
    2.
    ĕō, v. 2. eo.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > is

  • 26 nunc

    nunc, adv. [Sanscr. nu, nūnam, now; Gr. nu, nun; cf. Lat. num, with demonstr. -ce], now, at present, at this time (prop of that which is present to the speaker or writer).
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Contrasted with past time (opp. tum, tunc, antea, quondam, aliquando, olim, etc.):

    longe aliam, inquam, praebes nunc atque olim,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 53; Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 4:

    alium esse censes nunc me atque olim,

    id. And. 3, 3, 13:

    omnia, quae sunt conclusa nunc artibus, dispersa quondam fuerunt,

    Cic. de Or 1, 42, 187:

    sed tu illum animum nunc adhibe, quaeso, quo me tum esse oportere censebas,

    id. Fam. 6, 1, 16; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 24; Verg. A. 6, 776: sed erat tunc excusatio oppressis;

    nunc nulla est,

    Cic. Phil. 7, 5, 14; Liv. 4, 34, 6; 4, 25, 13:

    arx minus aliquanto nunc munita quam antea,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 13: nunc si videtur, hoc;

    illud alias,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23; Liv. 29, 18, 18; Suet. Tib. 29:

    aut nunc... aut aliquando,

    Cic. Mil. 25, 67:

    ante hoc tempus numquam... sed nunc,

    id. Ac. 1, 1, 3.—
    2.
    Contrasted with future time (opp. postea, mox, olim, etc.):

    Cluentio nisi nunc satisfecero, postea satisfaciendi potestas non erit,

    Cic. Clu. 4, 10; Liv. 39, 19, 6:

    deos nunc testes esse, mox fore ultores,

    id. 3, 2, 4; 3, 25, 8:

    qui olim nominabitur, nunc intellegitur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 104; Verg. A. 4, 627; cf. Liv. 40, 15, 4.—
    3.
    Absol. of present time, without suggestion of contrast, = hodie, nostro tempore:

    nunc tibi pater hic est,

    Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 21:

    Marcellus, qui nunc aedilis curulis est,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 13, 57.— With the interrog. ne, in the form nun-cine (for num-ce-ne;

    ante-class.): hem, nuncin demum?

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 59.—
    B.
    Strengthened by demum, denique, primum (v. h. vv.):

    nunc demum intellego,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 62; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 12:

    nunc demum rescribo his litteris,

    Cic. Att. 16, 3, 1:

    tantum accessit, ut mihi nunc denique amare videar, antea dilexisse,

    id. ib. 14, 17, A, 5; id. Fam. 9, 14, 11; Ov. A. A. 3, 121:

    nunc, quam rem oratum huc veni, primum proloquar,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 50; 2, 2, 63; 2, 2, 52:

    nunc primum hoc aures tuae crimen accipiunt?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24; 2, 2, 60, § 147:

    hoc quoque propter tuos ternos denarios nunc primum postulatur,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 25, § 63.—
    C.
    In special phrases.
    1.
    Ut nunc est, as things now are, in the present state of affairs, as matters stand: constitui, ut nunc est, cum exercitu proficisci, Poll. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 31, 17:

    quae (causae) si manebunt... et, ut nunc est, mansurae videntur,

    Cic. Att. 12, 29, 1:

    suaviter, ut nunc est, inquam,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 5.—
    2.
    Qui nunc sunt, the men of this time, those now living, the present age:

    judiciis, qui nunc sunt. hominum,

    Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43; Plin. 22, 25, 71, § 147; cf.:

    tace stulta: non tu nunc hominum mores vides?

    of the men of this day, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 57.—
    3.
    Nunc ipsum, just now, at this very time:

    quin nunc ipsum non dubitabo rem tantam abicere si id erit rectius,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2; 8, 9, 2; 12, 40, 2:

    nunc tamen ipsum,

    id. ib. 12, 16, 11.—Nunc repeated with emphasis:

    nunc, nunc o liceat crudelem abrumpere vitam,

    Verg. A. 8, 579 (al. nunc o nunc);

    5, 189: nunc, nunc adeste, nunc in hostiles domos Iram vertite,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 53.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of past or future time, conceived as present, now, at that time.
    1.
    Of past time:

    id adeo nos nunc factum invenimus,

    Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 46: item Menandri Phasma nunc nuper dedit (Gr. nun arti), Ter. Eun. prol. 9:

    nunc in causā refrixit,

    Cic. Planc. 23, 55:

    quos ego campos antea nitidissimos vidissem, hos ita vastatos nunc videbam, ut, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:

    nunc reus erat apud Crassum,

    id. Att. 2, 24, 4:

    cum eum antea tui similem in dicendo viderim, tum vero nunc... multo videbam similiorem,

    id. Brut. 71, 250:

    incerto nunc etiam exitu victoriae signa intulerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 62, 6; 6, 40, 6: nunc Saliaribus Ornare pul vinar deorum Tempus erat dapibus, Hor C. 1, 37, 2.—Esp. in orat. obliq., where the nunc of direct narration is retained: dixit, nunc demum se voti esse damnatum, Nep Timol. 5, 3; Liv. 3, 19, 8; 3, 40, 10; 8, 33, 18; 8, 34, 3;

    42, 52, 8: nec nunc adulteria objecturum ait,

    Tac. A. 11, 30; cf. Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 14, 35; Krebs, Antibarb. p. 774. —
    2.
    Of future time (rare):

    quis nunc te adibit? Cui videberis bella? Quem nunc amabis?

    Cat. 8, 16 sq.; Just. 8, 2, 10.—
    B.
    Of the state of affairs, the condition of the argument, etc., now, under these circumstances, in view of this.
    1.
    In gen.:

    nunc quoniam hominem generavit et ornavit deus, perspicuum sit, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 9, 27; Prop. 4, 9, 73:

    vera igitur illa sunt nunc omnia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 106:

    non ego nunc vereor, ne sis mihi vilior istis,

    Prop. 1, 2, 25; Ov. F. 1, 333:

    nunc itaque et versus et cetera ludicra pono,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 10:

    quid nunc?

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 71; id. Aul. 2, 3, 77.—
    2.
    Introducing a fact or conclusion opposed to a previous supposition or thought:

    etiamsi ad vos esset singulos aliquid ex hoc agro perventurum, tamen honestius eum vos universi quam singuli possideretis. Nunc vero cum ad nos nihil pertineat, etc.,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 85; id. Tusc. 3, 1, 2; id. Cat. 2, 7, 16; id. Font. 11, 24: si ecastor nunc habeas quod des, alia verba perhibeas;

    nunc quia nihil habes, maledictis te eam ductare postulas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 36; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 8; Quint. 8, 6, 48; 10, 5, 7; Liv. 21, 40, 3:

    quodsi Mazaeus supervenisset, ingens clades accipi potuit: nunc, dum ille segnis in eo tumulo sedet, etc.,

    Curt. 4, 12, 15.—
    C.
    Nunc... nunc, now... now; at one time, at another; sometimes... sometimes:

    tribuni plebis nunc fraudem, nunc neglegentiam consulum accusabant,

    Liv. 4, 2:

    nunc hac parte, nunc illā,

    id. 34, 13:

    ut nunc in liminibus starent, nunc errabundi domos suas pervagarentur,

    id. 1, 29:

    nunc hos, nunc illos aditus omnemque pererrat Arte locum,

    Verg. A. 5, 441; 5, 189:

    nunc huc, nunc illuc curro,

    Ov. H. 10, 19.—Also thrice repeated:

    nunc ad prima signa, nunc in medium, nunc in ultimo agmine aderat,

    Curt. 7, 3, 17; Just. 4, 1, 4;

    and even five times,

    Sen. Dial. 5 (Ira), 3, 6.—The first nunc is sometimes poetically omitted: pariterque sinistros, Nunc dextros solvere sinus, Verg. A. [p. 1228] 5, 830.—
    b.
    Nunc... mox, Vell. 2, 63.—
    c.
    Nunc... postremo, Liv. 3, 49.—
    d.
    Nunc... modo, Liv. 8, 32; Ov. M. 13, 922.—
    D.
    In forming a climax, but now, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:

    quae quidem multo plura evenirent, si ad quietem integri iremus: nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

    Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60:

    si haec non ad cives Romanos, si non ad homines, verum ad bestias conqueri vellem, tamen tantā rerum atrocitate commoverentur. Nunc vero cum loquar apud senatores populi Romani, etc.,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 171:

    si... nunc (vero),

    id. Font. 11, 25; id. Cat. 2, 7, 14; id. Fam. 15, 13, 3: cum aliquid videbatur caveri posse, tum id neglegi dolebam;

    nunc vero, eversis omnibus rebus, etc.,

    id. ib. 6, 21, 1: cum... nunc vero, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 19, 1.—
    E.
    In a transition, to introduce a new subject, in that case, now, then: abi nunc, populi fidem implora, Auct. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 3 sq.; 6, 35, 5; Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 17; cf. Sall. J. 14, 17; for nunciam, v. jam, I. A. 1. b.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > nunc

  • 27 causa (caussa)

        causa (caussa) ae, f    [1 CAV-], a cause, reason, motive, inducement, occasion, opportunity: te causae inpellebant leves, T.: obscura: accedit illa quoque causa: causa, quam ob rem, etc., T.: satis esse causa, quā re, etc., Cs.: si causa nulla est, cur, etc.: causa quod, etc.: ea est causa, ut cloacae subeant, etc., L.: quid causae est quin: nulla causa est quin: causa quo minus, S.: is, qui causa mortis fuit: morbi, V.: nos causa belli sumus, L.: rerum cognoscere causas, V.: Vera obiurgandi causa, T.—Poet.: Bacchus et ad culpam causas dedit (i. e. culparum causa fuit), V.: consurgere in arma, V.: quae rebus sit causa novandis, V.: meo subscribi causa sepulchro, i. e. of my death, O. — In phrases: cum causā, with good reason: sine causā, without good reason: sine ullā apertā causā: his de causis, Cs.: quā de causā: quā ex causa: eā causā, S.: ob eam causam, Cs.: ob eam ipsam causam: quam ob causam, N.: propter eam quam dixi causam: in causā haec sunt, are responsible: vim morbi in causā esse, quo, etc., L.: non paucitatem... causae fuisse cogitabant, to have been the cause, Cs.—Esp., abl. with gen. or possess. adj., on account of, for the sake of: alqm honoris causā nominare, with due respect: omnium nostrum causā: vitandae suspitionis causā: meā causā, T.: meāpte causā, T.: vestrā reique p. causā: vestrarum sedum templorumque causā; cf. quod illi semper sui causā fecerant: additur illius hoc iam causā, quicum agitur.—Meton., an apology, excuse: non causam dico quin ferat, etc., T.: causas nequiquam nectis inanīs, V.—Poet.: Et geminas, causam lacrimis, sacraverat aras, i. e. a place to weep, V.—A feigned cause, pretext, pretence: fingit causas ne det, T.: morae causas facere, reasons for the delay, S.: causas innecte morandi, V.: inferre causam, Cs.: bellandi, N.: per causam exercendorum remigum, under the pretext, Cs.: per causam renovati belli, L.: gratiam per hanc causam conciliare.—In law, a cause, judicial process, lawsuit: causam agere: publicam dicere: proferre: perdere: tenere, O.: causae actor accessi: causam dicere, to defend (oneself or as advocate): linguam causis acuere, for pleading, H.: extra causam esse, not to the point: plura extra causam dixisse: atque peracta est causa prior, i. e. the hearing before the decision, O.—A side, party, faction, cause: condemnare causam illam: et causam et hominem probare, Cs.: publica, the common weal, O.—A relation of friendship, connection: omnes causae et necessitudines veteres: quae mihi sit causa cum Caesare. —A condition, state, situation, relation, position: num enim aliā in causā M. Cato fuit, aliā ceteri, etc.: in eādem causā fuerunt, Cs.: in meliore causā. — A commission, business undertaken, employment: cui senatus dederat publice causam, ut mihi gratias ageret: super tali causā eodem missi, N.—In rhet., a concrete question, case for discussion.

    Latin-English dictionary > causa (caussa)

  • 28 casu

    1.
    cāsus (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque infra s geminabatur: cassus, etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: causa, Juppiter al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. [cado].
    I.
    Lit., a falling (acc. to cado, I. A. and C.).
    A.
    A falling down, etc.:

    stillicidi,

    Lucr. 1, 313:

    geli,

    id. 5, 205:

    nivis,

    Liv. 21, 35, 6:

    fulminum,

    Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259:

    celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—
    B.
    A fall, an overthrow, a throwing down:

    occumbunt multi letum praecipe casu,

    Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44:

    casus, quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur,

    Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333:

    vehiculi,

    Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al. —In plur.: cum loci Inciperent casus, i. e. the fall, destruction (by an earthquake), Ov. M. 8, 714.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of time, the end:

    extremae sub casum hiemis,

    Verg. G. 1, 340.—
    B.
    A moral fall, a false step, an error, fall:

    multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit (natura), quibus illa insistere, aut ingredi sine casu aliquo ac prolapsione vix posset,

    Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a political fall, Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—
    2.
    Esp., a fall or change from a higher to a lower condition:

    secum reputans quam gravis casus in servitium ex regno foret,

    Sall. J. 62, 9.—
    C.
    That which turns out or happens unexpectedly, an occurrence, event, accident, chance, misfortune, emergency (this most freq. in sing. and plur.):

    quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: quis iste tantus casus? unde tam felix concursus atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    novi casus temporum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    quod consilium etsi in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, tamen incommode accidit,

    such an emergency, Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

    quod in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant,

    Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest igitur veritatem [p. 300] casus imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49:

    quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit,

    Verg. A. 12, 321:

    sive illud deorum munus sive casus fuit,

    Curt. 4, 7, 13:

    quae casus obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda ratus,

    Tac. A. 1, 29:

    ut quemque casus armaverat,

    Sall. C. 56, 3:

    si quos locus aut casus conjunxerat,

    id. J. 97 fin.:

    in aleam tanti casus se regnumque dare,

    Liv. 42, 50, 2:

    ludibrium casūs,

    id. 30, 30, 5:

    casum potius quam consilium sequatur,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: parata ad omnes casus eloquentia,

    id. 10, 1, 2:

    bellorum,

    Tac. A. 1, 61:

    satis jam eventuum, satis casuum,

    id. ib. 2, 26:

    adversi, secundi,

    Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9:

    magnus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3:

    mirificus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2:

    mirabiles,

    Nep. Timol. 5, 1:

    rariores,

    Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    dubii,

    Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108:

    varii,

    Verg. A. 1, 204:

    subiti repentinique,

    Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by chance, casually, by accident, accidentally:

    quod si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem, quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortunā putemus?

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

    id evenit non temere nec casu,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    sive casu sive consilio deorum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13:

    necessitate an casu,

    Quint. 3, 6, 26:

    casu an persuasu et inductu,

    id. 5, 10, 69:

    casu an manibus impeditus,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    accidit casu ut legati, etc.,

    Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,
    b.
    A chance, an occasion, opportunity for something (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.):

    aetas illa multo pluris quam nostra casus mortis habet,

    Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.:

    mortis durae casus,

    Verg. A. 10, 791:

    aut vi aut dolis sese casum victoriae inventurum,

    Sall. J. 25, 9:

    praeclari facinoris casum dare,

    id. ib. 56, 4; so,

    si casus daretur,

    Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9:

    invadendae Armeniae,

    id. ib. 12, 50:

    pugnae,

    id. ib. 12, 28:

    bene gerendae rei,

    id. ib. 13, 36:

    casum adferre,

    Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the idea of suddenness, unexpectedness, easily passes into that of hostility, adverseness (cf. accido, 4.), casus signifies,
    2.
    Esp., an adverse event, a misfortune, mishap, calamity, = sumphora:

    meum illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum,

    Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4:

    dolens civitatis casum,

    Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of disease:

    si alius casus lecto te adfixit,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494:

    res minime in hujusmodi casu noxia,

    in the earthquake, Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3:

    urbis Trojanae,

    overthrow, Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,
    b.
    Euphemist. for death:

    Saturnini atque Gracchorum casus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

    sui quemque casus per quinquennium absumpsissent,

    Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—
    D.
    In gram. t. t., a case in the inflection of words:

    propter eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati casus, uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, quom vocaret, etc.,

    Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: casus dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.:

    ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et numero conservemus, ut, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40:

    barbari casus... casus rectus,

    id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61:

    obliqui,

    id. 1, 6, 22:

    nominativo, dativo, ablativo,

    id. 7, 9, 13:

    genitivo,

    id. 1, 5, 62: Latinus, sextus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

    conversi, i. e. obliqui,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. genetivus), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz:

    vocandi,

    id. ib.:

    septimus,

    Quint. 1, 4, 26.
    2.
    Cāsus, i, m., a river of Albania, that flows into the Caspian Sea, Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 39; Mel. 3, 5, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > casu

  • 29 Casus

    1.
    cāsus (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque infra s geminabatur: cassus, etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: causa, Juppiter al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. [cado].
    I.
    Lit., a falling (acc. to cado, I. A. and C.).
    A.
    A falling down, etc.:

    stillicidi,

    Lucr. 1, 313:

    geli,

    id. 5, 205:

    nivis,

    Liv. 21, 35, 6:

    fulminum,

    Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259:

    celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—
    B.
    A fall, an overthrow, a throwing down:

    occumbunt multi letum praecipe casu,

    Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44:

    casus, quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur,

    Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333:

    vehiculi,

    Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al. —In plur.: cum loci Inciperent casus, i. e. the fall, destruction (by an earthquake), Ov. M. 8, 714.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of time, the end:

    extremae sub casum hiemis,

    Verg. G. 1, 340.—
    B.
    A moral fall, a false step, an error, fall:

    multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit (natura), quibus illa insistere, aut ingredi sine casu aliquo ac prolapsione vix posset,

    Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a political fall, Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—
    2.
    Esp., a fall or change from a higher to a lower condition:

    secum reputans quam gravis casus in servitium ex regno foret,

    Sall. J. 62, 9.—
    C.
    That which turns out or happens unexpectedly, an occurrence, event, accident, chance, misfortune, emergency (this most freq. in sing. and plur.):

    quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: quis iste tantus casus? unde tam felix concursus atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    novi casus temporum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    quod consilium etsi in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, tamen incommode accidit,

    such an emergency, Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

    quod in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant,

    Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest igitur veritatem [p. 300] casus imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49:

    quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit,

    Verg. A. 12, 321:

    sive illud deorum munus sive casus fuit,

    Curt. 4, 7, 13:

    quae casus obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda ratus,

    Tac. A. 1, 29:

    ut quemque casus armaverat,

    Sall. C. 56, 3:

    si quos locus aut casus conjunxerat,

    id. J. 97 fin.:

    in aleam tanti casus se regnumque dare,

    Liv. 42, 50, 2:

    ludibrium casūs,

    id. 30, 30, 5:

    casum potius quam consilium sequatur,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: parata ad omnes casus eloquentia,

    id. 10, 1, 2:

    bellorum,

    Tac. A. 1, 61:

    satis jam eventuum, satis casuum,

    id. ib. 2, 26:

    adversi, secundi,

    Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9:

    magnus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3:

    mirificus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2:

    mirabiles,

    Nep. Timol. 5, 1:

    rariores,

    Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    dubii,

    Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108:

    varii,

    Verg. A. 1, 204:

    subiti repentinique,

    Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by chance, casually, by accident, accidentally:

    quod si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem, quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortunā putemus?

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

    id evenit non temere nec casu,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    sive casu sive consilio deorum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13:

    necessitate an casu,

    Quint. 3, 6, 26:

    casu an persuasu et inductu,

    id. 5, 10, 69:

    casu an manibus impeditus,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    accidit casu ut legati, etc.,

    Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,
    b.
    A chance, an occasion, opportunity for something (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.):

    aetas illa multo pluris quam nostra casus mortis habet,

    Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.:

    mortis durae casus,

    Verg. A. 10, 791:

    aut vi aut dolis sese casum victoriae inventurum,

    Sall. J. 25, 9:

    praeclari facinoris casum dare,

    id. ib. 56, 4; so,

    si casus daretur,

    Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9:

    invadendae Armeniae,

    id. ib. 12, 50:

    pugnae,

    id. ib. 12, 28:

    bene gerendae rei,

    id. ib. 13, 36:

    casum adferre,

    Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the idea of suddenness, unexpectedness, easily passes into that of hostility, adverseness (cf. accido, 4.), casus signifies,
    2.
    Esp., an adverse event, a misfortune, mishap, calamity, = sumphora:

    meum illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum,

    Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4:

    dolens civitatis casum,

    Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of disease:

    si alius casus lecto te adfixit,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494:

    res minime in hujusmodi casu noxia,

    in the earthquake, Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3:

    urbis Trojanae,

    overthrow, Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,
    b.
    Euphemist. for death:

    Saturnini atque Gracchorum casus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

    sui quemque casus per quinquennium absumpsissent,

    Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—
    D.
    In gram. t. t., a case in the inflection of words:

    propter eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati casus, uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, quom vocaret, etc.,

    Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: casus dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.:

    ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et numero conservemus, ut, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40:

    barbari casus... casus rectus,

    id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61:

    obliqui,

    id. 1, 6, 22:

    nominativo, dativo, ablativo,

    id. 7, 9, 13:

    genitivo,

    id. 1, 5, 62: Latinus, sextus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

    conversi, i. e. obliqui,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. genetivus), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz:

    vocandi,

    id. ib.:

    septimus,

    Quint. 1, 4, 26.
    2.
    Cāsus, i, m., a river of Albania, that flows into the Caspian Sea, Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 39; Mel. 3, 5, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Casus

  • 30 casus

    1.
    cāsus (Ciceronis temporibus paulumque infra s geminabatur: cassus, etc., Quint. 1, 7, 20; cf.: causa, Juppiter al.; in inscr. also KASVS), ūs (dat. casu, Nep. Alcib. 6, 4), m. [cado].
    I.
    Lit., a falling (acc. to cado, I. A. and C.).
    A.
    A falling down, etc.:

    stillicidi,

    Lucr. 1, 313:

    geli,

    id. 5, 205:

    nivis,

    Liv. 21, 35, 6:

    fulminum,

    Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 135; Ov. M. 8, 259:

    celsae graviore casu Decidunt turres,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 10.—In plur., Lucr. 2, 231.—
    B.
    A fall, an overthrow, a throwing down:

    occumbunt multi letum praecipe casu,

    Enn. Ann. 391 Vahl.: eoque ictu me ad casum dari, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 44:

    casus, quo (infantes) in terram toties deferuntur,

    Quint. 1, 12, 10; Lucr. 5, 1333:

    vehiculi,

    Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 21 al. —In plur.: cum loci Inciperent casus, i. e. the fall, destruction (by an earthquake), Ov. M. 8, 714.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of time, the end:

    extremae sub casum hiemis,

    Verg. G. 1, 340.—
    B.
    A moral fall, a false step, an error, fall:

    multas vias adulescentiae lubricas ostendit (natura), quibus illa insistere, aut ingredi sine casu aliquo ac prolapsione vix posset,

    Cic. Cael. 17, 41.—So of a political fall, Cic. Sest. 67, 140.—
    2.
    Esp., a fall or change from a higher to a lower condition:

    secum reputans quam gravis casus in servitium ex regno foret,

    Sall. J. 62, 9.—
    C.
    That which turns out or happens unexpectedly, an occurrence, event, accident, chance, misfortune, emergency (this most freq. in sing. and plur.):

    quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15: quis iste tantus casus? unde tam felix concursus atomorum? cf. id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    novi casus temporum,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 20, 60:

    quod consilium etsi in ejusmodi casu reprehendendum non est, tamen incommode accidit,

    such an emergency, Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

    quod in ejusmodi casu accidit, periti ignaris parebant,

    Curt. 4, 3, 18; 10, 5, 8; Quint. 6, 2, 34; Tac. A. 2, 47; Liv. 24, 2, 11; 38, 8, 5: potest igitur veritatem [p. 300] casus imitari, Cic. Div. 2, 21, 49:

    quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, Attulerit,

    Verg. A. 12, 321:

    sive illud deorum munus sive casus fuit,

    Curt. 4, 7, 13:

    quae casus obtulerat, in sapientiam vertenda ratus,

    Tac. A. 1, 29:

    ut quemque casus armaverat,

    Sall. C. 56, 3:

    si quos locus aut casus conjunxerat,

    id. J. 97 fin.:

    in aleam tanti casus se regnumque dare,

    Liv. 42, 50, 2:

    ludibrium casūs,

    id. 30, 30, 5:

    casum potius quam consilium sequatur,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: parata ad omnes casus eloquentia,

    id. 10, 1, 2:

    bellorum,

    Tac. A. 1, 61:

    satis jam eventuum, satis casuum,

    id. ib. 2, 26:

    adversi, secundi,

    Nep. Dat. 5, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 25; id. Oth. 9:

    magnus,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 30; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3:

    mirificus,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2:

    mirabiles,

    Nep. Timol. 5, 1:

    rariores,

    Cic. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    dubii,

    Cat. 64, 216; Hor. S. 2, 2, 108:

    varii,

    Verg. A. 1, 204:

    subiti repentinique,

    Suet. Aug. 73.—Hence, in abl.: casu, adverbially, by chance, casually, by accident, accidentally:

    quod si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem, quid est tandem, quod casu fieri aut forte fortunā putemus?

    Cic. Div. 2, 7, 18:

    id evenit non temere nec casu,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 6:

    sive casu sive consilio deorum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 12; cf. Suet. Claud. 13:

    necessitate an casu,

    Quint. 3, 6, 26:

    casu an persuasu et inductu,

    id. 5, 10, 69:

    casu an manibus impeditus,

    Tac. A. 1, 13:

    accidit casu ut legati, etc.,

    Nep. Hann. 12, 1; cf. Hor. S. 1, 6, 53; 1, 9, 36; id. Ep. 1, 19, 18; Ov. M. 5, 118; 6, 359; 7, 84 et saep.—Hence, also,
    b.
    A chance, an occasion, opportunity for something (esp. freq. in Sall. and Tac.):

    aetas illa multo pluris quam nostra casus mortis habet,

    Cic. Sen. 19, 67; cf.:

    mortis durae casus,

    Verg. A. 10, 791:

    aut vi aut dolis sese casum victoriae inventurum,

    Sall. J. 25, 9:

    praeclari facinoris casum dare,

    id. ib. 56, 4; so,

    si casus daretur,

    Tac. A. 1, 13; 11, 9:

    invadendae Armeniae,

    id. ib. 12, 50:

    pugnae,

    id. ib. 12, 28:

    bene gerendae rei,

    id. ib. 13, 36:

    casum adferre,

    Quint. 8, 4, 17.— Since the idea of suddenness, unexpectedness, easily passes into that of hostility, adverseness (cf. accido, 4.), casus signifies,
    2.
    Esp., an adverse event, a misfortune, mishap, calamity, = sumphora:

    meum illum casum tam horribilem, tam gravem, tam repentinum,

    Cic. Sest. 24, 53; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 1, 4:

    dolens civitatis casum,

    Sall. C. 40, 2; cf. id. J. 14, 22; 23, 2; Liv. 37, 17, 7; 23, 22, 3; Cat. 28, 11.—Of disease:

    si alius casus lecto te adfixit,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 81; Ov. M. 4, 142; 14, 473; 15, 494:

    res minime in hujusmodi casu noxia,

    in the earthquake, Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 2; id. Cons. ad Marc. 5, 3:

    urbis Trojanae,

    overthrow, Verg. A. 1, 623.—Hence,
    b.
    Euphemist. for death:

    Saturnini atque Gracchorum casus,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

    sui quemque casus per quinquennium absumpsissent,

    Liv. 23, 22, 3; Sall. J. 73, 1; Hor. S. 2, 5, 49; Suet. Aug. 65; cf. id. Caes. 89; id. Calig. 10.—
    D.
    In gram. t. t., a case in the inflection of words:

    propter eorum qui dicunt, sunt declinati casus, uti is qui de altero diceret, distinguere posset, quom vocaret, etc.,

    Varr. L. L. 8, § 16 Müll.: casus dicimus... et vocabulorum formas, Paul. ex Fest. p. 58, 11 ib.:

    ea (verba) sic et casibus et temporibus et genere et numero conservemus, ut, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 40:

    barbari casus... casus rectus,

    id. Or. 48, 160; Quint. 1, 5, 61:

    obliqui,

    id. 1, 6, 22:

    nominativo, dativo, ablativo,

    id. 7, 9, 13:

    genitivo,

    id. 1, 5, 62: Latinus, sextus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

    conversi, i. e. obliqui,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: interrogandi (i. e. genetivus), Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 26 Hertz:

    vocandi,

    id. ib.:

    septimus,

    Quint. 1, 4, 26.
    2.
    Cāsus, i, m., a river of Albania, that flows into the Caspian Sea, Plin. 6, 13, 15, § 39; Mel. 3, 5, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > casus

  • 31 forma

    forma, ae, f. [Sanscr. dhar-, dhar-āmi, bear; dhar-i-man, figure; Gr. thra- in thrênus, thronos; cf. Lat. frētus, frēnum, fortis, etc.], form, in the most comprehensive sense of the word, contour, figure, shape, appearance (syn.: species, frons, facies, vultus; figura).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.: Ha. Earum nutrix, qua sit facie, mihi expedi. Mi. Statura haud magna, corpore aquilo. Ha. Ipsa ea'st. Mi. Specie venusta, ore parvo, atque oculis pernigris. Ha. Formam quidem hercle verbis depinxti mihi, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 154; cf.:

    quia semper eorum suppeditabatur facies et forma manebat,

    Lucr. 5, 1175:

    corporis nostri partes totaque figura et forma et statura, quam apta ad naturam sit, apparet,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60:

    si omnium animantium formam vincit hominis figura, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

    forma ac species liberalis,

    id. Cael. 3, 6; cf. id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 1, 27, 76 sqq.; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; id. N. D. 1, 10, 26: aspicite, o cives, senis Enni imagini' formam, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34 (Epigr. 1 ed. Vahl.):

    hoc dico, non ab hominibus formae figuram venisse ad deos... Non ergo illorum humana forma, sed nostra divina dicenda est, etc.,

    id. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

    formaï servare figuram,

    Lucr. 4, 69; cf.:

    Homeri picturam, non poesin videmus. Quae regio, quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114 (v. Moser ad h. l.):

    eximia forma pueri,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 61:

    virgines formā excellente,

    Liv. 1, 9, 11:

    formā praestante puellae,

    Ov. H. 3, 35:

    forma viros neglecta decet,

    id. A. A. 1, 509; cf.:

    ut excellentem muliebris formae pulchritudinem muta in sese imago contineret,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1:

    illa aetate venerabilis, haec formae pulchrituline,

    Curt. 3, 11, 24:

    virginem adultam, formā excellentem,

    Liv. 3, 44, 4:

    virginem maxime formā notam,

    id. 4, 9, 4:

    una et viginti formae litterarum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 93:

    solis,

    Lucr. 5, 571:

    muralium falcium,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 5:

    lanceae novae formae,

    Suet. Dom. 10:

    nova aedificiorum Urbis,

    id. Ner. 16:

    porticus,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 39, 5:

    forma et situs agri,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 4:

    eādem cerā aliae atque aliae formae duci solent,

    Quint. 10, 5, 9:

    geometricae formae,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. id. de Or. 1, 42, 187:

    cum sit geometria divisa in numeros atque formas,

    Quint. 1, 10, 35; cf.

    also: Archimedes intentus formis, quas in pulvere descripserat,

    Liv. 25, 31, 9:

    dimidia circuli,

    Plin. 2, 59, 60, § 150:

    clarissimorum virorum formae,

    figures, images, Cic. Mil. 32, 86:

    ille artifex, cum faceret Jovis formam aut Minervae, etc.,

    id. Or. 2, 9:

    igneae formae,

    i. e. fiery bodies, id. N. D. 2, 40, 101:

    inque tori formam molles sternentur arenae,

    in the shape, form, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47:

    (sacellum) crudis laterculis ad formam camini,

    Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 63:

    ut haec mulier praeter formam nihil ad similitudinem hominis reservarit,

    Cic. Clu. 70, 199.—In poet. circumlocution with gen.: astra tenent caeleste solum formaeque deorum, the forms of gods, for gods, Ov. M. 1, 73:

    formae ferarum,

    id. ib. 2, 78:

    ursi ac formae magnorum luporum,

    Verg. A. 7, 18:

    formae ingentis leo,

    of great size, Just. 15, 4, 17; Tac. A. 4, 72.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., a fine form, beauty:

    di tibi formam, di tibi divitias dederant,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 6; cf.:

    et genus et formam regina pecunia donat,

    id. ib. 1, 6, 37:

    movit Ajacem forma captivae Tecmessae,

    id. C. 2, 4, 6; Quint. 2, 5, 12:

    neque, ut laudanda, quae pecuniam suam pluribus largitur, ita quae formam,

    id. 5, 11, 26; 5, 12, 17.—Prov.:

    forma bonum fragile est,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 113.—
    2.
    An outline, plan, design (of an architect, etc.):

    cum formam videro, quale aedificium futurum sit, scire possum,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: domus erit egregia;

    magis enim cerni jam poterat, quam quantum ex forma judicabamus,

    id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 3 (2, 6, 2):

    qua ludum gladiatorium aedificaturus erat,

    Suet. Caes. 31.—
    3.
    A model after which any thing is made, a pattern, stamp, last (of a shoemaker), etc.:

    utendum plane sermone, ut numo, cui publica forma est,

    Quint. 1, 6, 3:

    denarius formae publicae,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 29; cf.: formas quasdam nostrae pecuniae agnoscunt, Tac. G. 5:

    formas binarias, ternarias et quaternarias, et denarias etiam resolvi praecepit neque in usu cujusquam versari,

    stamped money, coins, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 39; cf. Curt. 5, 2, 11:

    si scalpra et formas non sutor (emat),

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 106; cf.:

    forma calcei,

    Dig. 9, 2, 5, § 3.—
    4.
    A mould which gives form to something:

    (caseus) vel manu figuratur vel buxeis formis exprimitur,

    Col. 7, 8 fin.:

    formae in quibus aera funduntur,

    Plin. 36, 22, 49, § 168; hence, a frame, case, enclosure:

    opus tectorium propter excellentiam picturae ligneis formis inclusum,

    id. 35, 14, 49, § 173:

    formas rivorum perforare,

    i. e. the conduits, pipes, Front. Aquaed. 75:

    aquaeductus,

    Dig. 7, 1, 27.—Hence,
    b.
    Transf., the aqueduct itself, Front. Aquaed. 126.—
    5.
    A rescript, formulary (post-class., whereas the dimin. formula is predominant in this signif.):

    ex eorum (amicorum) sententia formas composuit,

    Capitol. Anton. 6; so Cod. Just. 1, 2, 20.—
    6.
    Item forma appellatur puls miliacea ex melle, Paul. ex Fest. p. 83 Müll.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., shape, form, nature, manner, kind:

    ad me quasi formam communium temporum et totius rei publicae misisti expressam,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 4; cf.:

    formam quidem ipsam et tamquam faciem honesti vides,

    id. Off. 1, 5, 14:

    innumerabiles quasi formae figuraeque dicendi,

    id. Or. 3, 9, 34:

    cum, quae forma et quasi naturalis nota cujusque sit, describitur, ut, si quaeratur avari species, seditiosi, gloriosi,

    id. de Or. 3, 29, 115; cf.:

    quae sit in ea species et forma et notio viri boni,

    id. Off. 3, 20, 81:

    forma ingenii,

    id. Brut. 85, 294:

    rei publicae,

    id. Fam. 2, 8, 1; cf.:

    exemplar formaque rei publicae,

    id. Rep. 2, 11:

    forma et species et origo tyranni,

    id. ib. 2, 29:

    forma rerum publicarum,

    id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36; cf. id. Rep. 1, 34 fin.:

    officii,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103:

    propositi,

    Vell. 1, 16:

    sollicitudinum,

    Tac. A. 4, 60:

    formam vitae inire,

    id. ib. 1, 74:

    secundum vulgarem formam juris,

    Dig. 30, 1, 111:

    scelerum formae,

    Verg. A. 6, 626:

    poenae,

    id. ib. 615.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    In philos. lang., like species, a sort, kind: nolim, ne si Latine quidem dici possit, specierum et speciebus dicere; et saepe his casibus utendum est: at formis et formarum velim... Genus et formam definiunt hoc modo: genus est notio ad plures differentias pertinens;

    forma est notio, cujus differentia ad caput generis et quasi fontem referri potest. Formae igitur sunt hae, in quas genus sine ullius praetermissione dividitur, ut si quis jus in legem, morem, aequitatem dividat, etc.,

    Cic. Top. 7, 31; cf.:

    genus et species, quam eandem formam Cicero vocat,

    Quint. 5, 10, 62: a forma generis, quam interdum, quo planius accipiatur, partem licet nominare, hoc modo, etc.... Genus enim est uxor;

    ejus duae formae: una matrumfamilias, altera earum, quae tantummodo uxores habentur,

    Cic. Top. 4, 14:

    quod haec (partitio) sit totius in partes, illa (divisio) generis in formas,

    Quint. 5, 10, 63:

    duae formae matrimoniorum,

    id. 5, 10, 62.—
    2.
    In gram.
    a.
    The grammatical quality, condition of a word:

    in quo animadvertito, natura quadruplicem esse formam, ad quam in declinando accommodari debeant verba, etc.,

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 37 sq.; 101 sq. Müll.; Quint. 10, 1, 10.—
    b.
    The grammatical form of a word:

    utrum in secunda forma verbum temporale habeat in extrema syllaba AS an IS, ad discernendas dissimilitudines interest,

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 109 Müll.:

    aeditimus ea forma dictum, qua finitimus,

    Gell. 12, 10, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > forma

  • 32 ibi

    ĭbĭ̄, adv. [from the pronom. root I, is, with dat. ending as in tibi, sibi, in loc. sense as in ubi; cf. Sanscr. suffix bhjam; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 169], in that place, there, = entautha (cf. istic).
    I.
    Lit., in space:

    ibi cenavi atque ibi quievi in navi noctem perpetem,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 100;

    tandem abii ad praetorem. Ibi vix requievi,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 6: nempe in foro? De. Ibi, id. As. 1, 1, 104:

    in Asiam hinc abii, atque ibi, etc.,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 59:

    Demaratus fugit Tarquinios Corintho et ibi suas fortunas constituit,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 109; Ov. M. 1, 316:

    aedificabat in summa Velia: ibi alto atque munito loco arcem inexpugnabilem fore,

    Liv. 2, 7, 6:

    erit haec differentia inter hoc edictum et superius, quod ibi de eo damno praetor loquitur, etc.,

    Dig. 47, 8, 4, § 6:

    musca est meus pater... nec sacrum nec tam profanum quicquamst, quin ibi ilico adsit,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27:

    ut illa, quae dicimus, non domo attulisse, sed ibi protinus sumpsisse videamur,

    there, on the spot, Quint. 11, 2, 46; 4, 1, 54; 12, 9, 19:

    in eo flumine pons erat. Ibi praesidium ponit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 47.—In common speech, sometimes pleonastic, with the name of a place:

    in medio propter canalem, ibi ostentatores meri,

    Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 15; 19; 22; id. Cist. 1, 1, 18; cf.:

    illic ibi demum'st locus, ubi, etc.,

    id. Capt. 5, 4, 3.—With corresp. relative adverbs, ubi, unde, etc.:

    nam ubi tu profusus, ibi ego me pervelim sepultam,

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 7:

    nemo est, quin ubivis quam ibi, ubi est, esse malit,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 1; cf.:

    ibi esse, ubi, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    ubi tyrannus est, ibi... dicendum est plane nullam esse rem publicam,

    id. Rep. 3, 31:

    multa intelleges meliora apud nos multo esse facta quam ibi fuissent, unde huc translata essent,

    id. ib. 2, 16.—So with quo loco, etc.:

    quo loco maxime umor intus perseverabit, ibi pus proximum erit,

    Cels. 8, 9; cf.:

    quacumque equo invectus est, ibi haud secus quam pestifero sidere icti pavebant,

    Liv. 8, 9, 12:

    quo descenderant, ibi processerunt longe,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 5.—With gen.:

    ibi loci terrarum orbe portis discluso,

    Plin. 6, 11, 12, § 30.—Post-class. of vessels, etc., therein (= in eis):

    qui sciens vasa vitiosa commodavit, si ibi infusum vinum est, etc.,

    Dig. 13, 6, 18, § 3.—Post-class. and very rarely with verbs of motion (for eo):

    et cum ibi venerimus,

    there, thither, Dig. 1, 2, 1 fin.; cf. ibidem.—
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Of time, then, thereupon (mostly ante - class. and poet., but freq. in Liv.):

    invocat deos inmortales: ibi continuo contonat Sonitu maxumo, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 41 sq.; cf.:

    ubi... ibi,

    ib. 11:

    postquam... ibi,

    ib. v. 39 sq.:

    ter conatus ibi collo dare bracchia circum,

    Verg. A. 2, 792:

    ibi infit, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 71, 6:

    nec moram ullam, quin ducat, dari: Ibi demum ita aegre tulit, ut, etc.,

    then for the first time, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53: ibi postquam laborare aciem Calpurnius vidit, Liv. 39, 31, 4.—With cum:

    ibi cum alii mores et instituta eorum eluderent,

    Liv. 40, 5, 7:

    ibi cum de re publica retulisset,

    id. 22, 1, 4.—With corresp. ubi:

    ille ubi miser famelicus videt, me tam facile victum quaerere, ibi homo coepit me obsecrare, etc.,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 30:

    non voco (te patrem): Ubi voles pater esse, ibi esto,

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 25.—Pleonastically with tum:

    tum ibi nescio quis me arripit,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 47: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (Trag. Rel. v. 352 Vahl.):

    cum Aebutius Caecinae malum minaretur, ibi tum Caecinam postulasse, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.:

    ibi nunc (colloq.),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 135; id. Curc. 3, 68.—
    B.
    Of other relations, there, in that matter, on that occasion, in that condition (class.): nolite ibi nimiam spem habere, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

    numquid ego ibi peccavi?

    Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 23:

    at pol ego ibi sum, esse ubi miserum hominem decet,

    id. Bacch. 5, 1, 21:

    si quid est, quod ad testes reservet, ibi nos quoque paratiores reperiet,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 82:

    ibi fortunae veniam damus,

    in that case, Juv. 11, 176:

    huic ab adulescentia bella intestina, caedes, rapinae, discordia civilis grata fuere, ibique juventutem suam exercuit,

    in these things, Sall. C. 5, 2; Quint. 2, 2, 12:

    non poterat ibi esse quaestio,

    id. 7, 1, 5:

    subsensi illos ibi esse et id agere inter se clanculum,

    to be at it, busy about it, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 63:

    ibi esse,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 30; cf.:

    cecinere vates, cujus civitatis eam civis Dianae immolasset, ibi fore imperium,

    i. e. in that state, Liv. 1, 45, 5:

    ibi imperium fore, unde victoria fuerit,

    id. 1, 24, 2:

    et interdum in sanctionibus adicitur, ut qui ibi aliquid commisit, capite puniatur, i. e. in his sanctionibus,

    Dig. 1, 8, 9, § 3.—
    2.
    Of persons, in or with him or her (very rare): duxi uxorem;

    quam ibi miseriam vidi!

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 13 (cf.: ibi inquit, quasi uxor locus sit, Don. ad loc.); cf.:

    nil ibi majorum respectus,

    Juv. 8, 64.—
    3.
    Esp., law t. t.: tunc ibi, then and there, in the state of affairs then existing:

    de eo, quaque ille tunc ibi habuit, tantummodo, intra annum... judicium dabo,

    Dig. 43, 16, 1 praef.; cf.: ibi autem ait praetor, ut ne quis et quae illic non habuit, complectatur, ib. § 37 sq.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ibi

  • 33 aliter

        aliter adv.    [alis], in another manner, otherwise, in any other way, differently. — With atque, ac, quam or ut, otherwise than, different from what: sed aliter atque ostenderam facio: aliter ac nos vellemus: de quo tu aliter sentias atque ego: aliter quam velim: aliter ut dixi.—Non or haud aliter, not otherwise, just as; with quam si, ac si, quam cum, quam, exactly, just as if: Non aliter quam si ruat Karthago, V.: profectus furtim, haud aliter quam si, etc., L.: haud aliter quam cum, etc., O.: Non aliter quam qui lembum subigit, V.—Non aliter nisi, by no other means, on no other condition, not otherwise, except: qui aliter obsistere fato fatetur se non potuisse, nisi, etc.— Without a comparative clause expressed, otherwise, in another manner, in other respects: tu si aliter existimes, nihil errabis: non fuit faciendum aliter: Ergo non aliter poterit dormire? Iu.: aliter haud facile impelli posse, S.: haud aliter Rutulo Ignescunt irae, just so, V.: neque Mordaces aliter diffugiunt sollicitudines, i. e. by other means, H.: fieri aliter non potest, T.: fieri non potuit aliter.—Praegn., otherwise, in the contrary manner: verum aliter evenire multo intellegit, T.: ne aliter quid eveniat, providere, ctherwise, S.: dis aliter visum, V.: aliter curvans bracchia, in the opposite direction, O.: qui aliter fecerit, who will not do that, S. — With esse, to be of a different nature, be differently constituted, be otherwise disposed: ego isti nilo sum aliter ac fui, T.: verum longe aliter est, nihil horum est.—Otherwise, else, in any other case: ius enim semper est quaesitum aequabile: neque enim aliter esset ius: aliter sine populi iussu nulli earum rerum consuli ius est, S.: aliter non viribus ullis Vincere poteris, V. —Like alius, distributively, in one way... in another: aliter cum tyranno, aliter cum amico vivitur: aliter ab aliis digeruntur, one in one way, another in another: aliter apud alios ordinatis magistratibus, L.
    * * *
    otherwise, differently; in any other way

    Latin-English dictionary > aliter

  • 34 extrēmitās

        extrēmitās ātis, f    [extremus], the extremity, end, terminus: mundi.—In geometry, the surface.
    * * *
    border/outline/perimeter; end/extremity; ending/suffix; extreme condition/case

    Latin-English dictionary > extrēmitās

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