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  • 21 höfuð-stafr

    m., gramm. a ‘head-stave,’ head letter, capital, initial, used freq. in this sense by Thorodd: but grammarians use it specially of the letters h, q, v, þ, which can stand only at the beginnings of syllables, (see Gramm. p. xv, col. 1 at the bottom; Skálda 165–171):—in prosody, the third of the alliterative letters (ljóðstafir) standing ‘ahead’ of the second verse line, the preceding two being called stuðlar; thus in ‘þá var grund groin | grænum lauki,’ the g in ‘grænum’ is a höfuðstafr, but in ‘grund’ and ‘gróin’ a stuðill, Edda 120: in mod. usage höfuðstafir in pl. is used of all the alliterative letters, skáldskapr þinn er skothent klúðr | skakk-settum höfuðstöfum með, Jón Þorl.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > höfuð-stafr

  • 22 KVERN

    (pl. -ir), f.
    1) quern-stone, millstone;
    2) quern, handmill (þar sat kona við kvern).
    * * *
    f., gen. kvernar, but the mod. form kvörn, gen. kvarnar; [Ulf. qairnus, Mark ix. 42; A. S. cwyrn; Old Engl. quern; O. H. G. quirn; Dan. kværn; Swed. quarn]:—a handmill; þar sat kona við kvern, Fms. vii. 233; ok und kvernum klaka, Ls. 44; era þat karls-ætt er á kvernum stendr, Hkv. 2. 2; bondwomen used to turn the handmills, and the turning of the quern was, as it still is in Icel., where every farm has its handmill, accompanied by singing a song, see esp. the Millsong in the Edda (Gróttasöngr), 78 sqq.
    2. metaph. an eddy or whirlpool in a river is called kvern, agreeably to the legend popular among all ancient Teut. people of a wonder mill grinding salt at the bottom of the sea, such as the famous mill Grótti, in the old Danish story of king Frode, which ground gold and peace, and at last the sea salt.
    COMPDS: kvernarauga, kverná, kvernberg, Kvernbítr, kvernfoss, kvernhús, kvernsteinn, kvernstæði.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > KVERN

  • 23 Rán

    * * *
    n.
    2) robbery, plundering;
    3) plunder, booty.
    * * *
    f., dat. Rán, Hkv. i. 30, Hkv. Hjörv. 18; Ráni, Gg. 6, is a corrupt passage; [this word cannot be related to the preceding]:—the name of the giant-goddess the queen of the sea; she was wife of Egir, mother of the Nereids, called Ránar-dætr; all that perished in the sea came and abode with her; Rán átti net, þat er hón veiddi í menn alla þá er á sæ kómu, Edda 66, 69, Eb. 274, Fas. ii. 77, Eb. ch. 54, Friðþ. S. ch. 6; þat höfðu menn fyrir satt, at þá væri mönnum vel fagnat at Ránar, ef sjódauðir menn vitjaði erfis síns, Eb. l. c., Stor. 7; sitja at Ránar, Fms. vi. 376 (in a verse); ræsis rekka er þú mundir Rán gefa, Hkv. Hjörv. 18:—the allit. phrase, Rán ok Regin, was a form of oath, Ölk. 36: in poët. circumlocutions, dýnu Rán = a woman, Hallfred; ósk-rán.
    COMPDS: Ránardætr, Ránar-land, -salr, -vegr, Rán-heimr, Lex. Poët. rán-boðr, m. the bed of Rán, the bottom of the sea, Fas. ii. 77 (in a verse).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Rán

  • 24 SÓKN

    * * *
    (pl., -ir), f.
    1) attack, fight (harðr í sóknum);
    2) prosecution; urðu þá allir á þat sáttir, at þá væri framarr vörn en s., that the defence was better than the prosecution; sœkja með lands-laga sókn, to raise a lawful action;
    3) concourse, resort of people (nú er s. mikil í Skálholt um allt Ísland.), company;
    4) parish;
    5) drag, grapnel.
    * * *
    f. [sækja: A. S. sôcen; Dan. sogn]:—an attack; í orrostum ok sóknum, Fms. ii. 106, vi. 59; harðr í sóknum, 24; tóksk harðasta sókn, Eg. 125; Guð gaf honum sigr hvar sem hann átti sóknir, Ver. 26, passim.
    2. a law term, an action, esp. the prosecution, as opp. to vörn ( the defence); sókn skal fara fyrr fram hvers máls enn vörn, Grág. i. 59; dómar skyldu fara út til sóknar, Nj. 87; sækja með lands-laga sókn, to raise a lawful action, Bs. i. 749; biskups sókn ( action) um kristnispell, H. E. i. 251; ok á slíka sókn hverr maðr til síns fjár sem goðinn á, Grág. i. 141.
    II. the assemblage of people at a church, meeting, or the like; nú er sókn mikil í Skálholt um allt Ísland, því skaltú fyrir hugsa þik um sermon á morgin, Bs. i. 809; görðisk þá þegar mikil sókn at Guðmundar-degi, 829; til-sókn, at-sókn, skip-sókn, a ship’s crew; sókn eru sautján, Edda 108.
    2. a parish, Dan. sogn, answering to the secular hreppr or sveit; af hverri (jörð) sem í sókninni liggr, Vm. 140, passim in mod. usage; kirkju-sókn; sókna prestr, a parish priest: of a diocese, Dipl. ii. 14; þing-sókn, q. v.
    III. a drag, grapnel, to drag the bottom of the sea, only in plur.; hvalrinn hljóp á sjó ok sökk, síðan fóru menn til á skipum ok görðu til sóknir, ok vildu draga hvalinn at landi, Bs. i. 641; ef maðr dregr upp akkeri með sókn eðr kafar til, N. G. L. ii. 284; sóknir góðar skaltú jafnan minnask at hafa á skip með þer, Sks. 30; fóru hvern dag margir menn meðr sóknir at leita líkanna, Fms. viii. 231, v. l.
    2. in mod. usage sóknir means a big iron hook by which sharks are caught.
    COMPDS: sóknaraðili, sóknardagr, sóknarfólk, sóknargögn, sóknarkirkja, sóknarkviðr, sóknarmaðr, sóknarmál, sóknarprestr, sóknarvitni, sóknarþing.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SÓKN

  • 25 VIGR

    (pl. vigrar), f. poet. spear.
    * * *
    f., pl. vigrar, [the short vowel and the radical r are against deriving vigr from víg]:—a spear, Edda (Gl.); flugbeittra vigra, Hornklofi; vigrar rjóða, to redden the spears (vigrat Cod.), id.; vel hefir vigr of skepta, Kormak; vigrar seiðr, a spear-charm, spear-song, i. e. battle, Sturl. (in a verse); vigra dunur, dynr, él, = the din, song, shower of spears, Lex. Poët. passim.
    II. Vigr, a local name of an island (in shape like a spear’s head) in north-western Icel.; í Vigr (acc.), Bs. i. 651; í eynni Vigr (dat.), 652: in the Orkneys, the mod. Veir; in the Orkn. S. Fb. ii. l. 9 from the bottom, einn ‘ungr’ read ‘í Vigr’ (i. e. Veir, the island where Kolbein Hrúga lived, after whom is named ‘the Castle of Cuppi Row’).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VIGR

  • 26 ÞEL

    * * *
    n. [cp. A. S. and Engl. felt; Germ. filz; Lat. pilus, Gr. πιλος, þ = f, cp. Gr. θήρ = φήρ, Lat. ferus]:—the nap on woollen stuffs; þel er á hnefa bundini eða hlutr feldar, Skálda (Thorodd): in mod. usage þel is the soft fine wool, as opp. to the tog or kemp, on Icel. mountain sheep; úr þeli þráð að spinna, a ditty.
    2. metaph. the ‘texture.’ of the mind, disposition; þá varð Pilati þelið kalt, Pass. 19. 6; in the compds, hugar-þel, hjarta-þel, disposition of mind or heart; í þeli niðri, in one’s heart’s core; mér er vel við hann í þeli niðri, at the bottom of my heart I do like him; cp. Ivar Aasen ‘dæ æ godt tæl í den karen,’ there is good stuff in that fellow, metaphor from the texture; fagnaðar-lausir niðr í þel, Skáld H. 3. 4.
    3. in náttar-þel, night-time. þel-góðr, adj. good in the þel, of wool; þelgóð ull: metaph., mér er þelgott til e-s, to be well-disposed to one.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞEL

  • 27 æ

    I)
    interj. ah! o! oh! (denoting pain).
    adv.
    1) aye, ever, always (við vín eitt Óðinn æ lifir); æ ok æ, for ever and ever; æ jafnan, forever and aye;
    2) with compar.; gljúfrin vóru æ því breiðari er ofarr dró, the ravine became ever the broader the higher one went up; æ sem fyrst, the soonest possible;
    3) never (æ menn hann sjálfan um sjá).
    * * *
    interj. dolentis; the oldest form was ai (aï), q. v.; [Germ. au, au au; but also ai, so used by Goethe, ich sterbe ai! exactly as in old Icel., cp. Grimm’s Dict. i. 199; cp. Gr. αἴ αἴ]:—ah! hann braut rif sín ok lesti öxlina, ok kvað við, ai ai! crying ah ah! Þorf. Karl. 390, v. l.; göróttr er drykkr inn, ai! Sæm. 118 (certainly so, see p. 41, col. 1 at the bottom); æ þat er veinon, Skálda 171: there is a curious play on the words á, sounded ā ( ovem) and aï,—‘hrútr’ segir hann—þó mun eigi of skipat til ánna (the ewes, gen. pl.) þeirra er þer nefndut í gær, jarls-menn, þá er þér fenguð áverka, Fms. xi. 149: at the present day the sound made by Icel. crying out from pain is written æ, sounded aï; whereas the Dan. is aü, as in Germ.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > æ

  • 28 BLEIKR

    a. pale, whitish; bleikt hár, fair hair; bleikr á hár, fair-haired; (wan, pallid) ok blóðlauss; bleikr sem nár, deadly pale; bleikr sem bast, pale as bast.
    * * *
    adj. [A. S. blâc or blæc; Engl. bleached and bleak; Swed. blek; Germ. bleich and blass]:—pale, wan, of the colour of gold, Fms. v. 345; of bad silver, Grág. i. 500; of fruits, Stj. 161; of ripe barley fields, b. akrar, Nj. 112, and N. T. John iv. 35, a rendering of λευκός in the Gr.; of animals, a fawn-coloured horse is in Icel. called Bleikr, m., a mare Bleik, f., Flov. 33, Vígl.; an ox, Vápn. 21; of hair, auburn, Fær. 156; bleikt hár, the fair locks of a baby, Rm. 31, where ‘bleak and bright’ are alliterative; Homer’s ξανθός is in Icel. rendered by bleik-hárr.
    2. = Lat. pallidus, the colour of ashes, pale from fright, loss of blood, or emotion, Fms. i. 216; fiskbleikr, pale as a fish, vii. 269; b. sem bast, pale as bast, etc.: of the moonshine, Sks. 627: the colour of death, því ligg ek b. í brúki, of a corpse mouldering at the bottom of the sea, Fms. vi. 376.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BLEIKR

  • 29 Grotti

    a, m. the mythical mill in Edda; whence Grotta-söngr, m. name of a poem; also in local names Grotti, a current near to Reykjavík; akin to Engl. grit, groats, cp. also Ivar Aasen s. v. grötte ( the nave in a mill-stone); the tale of the enchanted mill grinding gold and salt etc. at the bottom of the sea is common to all Teutons (vide Edda), and survives in popular tales of Germany, Norway, and Iceland: the sea is called Skerja-grotti, Skerry-grinder, Edda (in a verse).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Grotti

  • 30 SKELLA

    * * *
    I)
    (-da, -dr), v.
    1) to make to slam, clash, with dat.;
    skella aptr hurðu, to slam the door;
    skella lófum saman, to clap the hands;
    skella hrömmum yfir, to clutch;
    skella e-u niðr, to throw down with a clash;
    2) to strike, smite;
    þær skelldu skip mitt, they shattered my ship;
    skella af honum höndina, to cut off his hand;
    skella fót undan, to smite off the foot;
    3) skella á e-n, to scold one;
    4) skella upp ok hlæja, to burst out laughing (Grímr skelldi upp ok hló).
    f. rattle (for scaring horses).
    * * *
    d, causal of skjalla (q. v.), to make to slam, clash; skelldu skip mitt er ek skorðat hafðak, knocked my ship, Hbl., Sturl. i. 177; hann skelldi þeim saman, beat them together, Landn. 84; s. sverði í skeiðin, Eg. 304; s. aptr hurðu, to slam the door, Fb. i. 258, Fms. viii. 341: to smack, s. á lærin, to smack the thigh with the palm; skella lófum, to clap with the hands, Merl.; s. hrömmum yfir, to clutch, Ld. 52; spor svá stór sem keralds botni væri niðr skellt, footprints as great as if the bottom of a cask had been thrown down, Grett. 111.
    2. with prepp., skella af, to strike clean off; hann skellir af honum höndina, Al. 40; s. fót undan, Am. 48; skálmin hljóp inn í bergit svá at skellisk við heptið, Fas. i. 56: skella upp, or s. upp yfir sik (skelli-hlátr), to burst out into roaring laughter, Dropl. 31, Sturl. ii. 136, Fms. iii. 113; hón skelldi upp yfir sik ok hló, Grett. 148: skella á e-n (Dan. skælde paa een), to scold one; var þá skellt á Þorstein, at honum hefði ílla tekizk, Orkn. 264; þeir er opt á mik skella, Bs. i. 667 (in a verse): rass-skella, to flog behind, punish children.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > SKELLA

  • 31 ANGR

    I)
    (gen. -rs), m. grief, sorrow; gera e-m angr, to do one harm; vera e-m at angri = angra e-n.
    (gen. -rs), m. in Norse local names, bay, firth.
    * * *
    m. (now always n., Pass. 1. 4, and so Bs. i. 195); gen. rs, [cp. Engl. anger, Lat. angor.]
    I. grief, sorrow; þann angr, Bær. 12; upp á minn a. ok skaða, Stj. 215; minn harm ok a., Bær. 14; með margskonar angri, Fms.x.401; sorg eðr a., Háv. 51; ekki angr(s), Hkv. Hjörv. 10.
    II. in Norse local names freq. = bay, firth, e. g. Staf-angr, Harð-angr, etc. etc. (never in Icel.): all these local names are better derived from vangr (q. v., p. 678); kaupangr in Norway means a town, village, sinus mercatorius, [cp. the English ‘Chipping’ in Chipping Norton, Chipping Ongar, etc., and in London, ‘Cheapside,’] these places being situated at the bottom of the firths: fjörðr hardly ever occurs in local names in Norway, but always angr; cp. the pun on angr, moeror, and angr, sinus, Fas. ii. 91. The word is obsolete in the historical age and scarcely appears as a pure appellative, Edda (Gl.), Fms. xii, Munch’s Map and Geogr. of Norway. [Root probably Lat. ang- in ango, angustus, angiportus.]

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ANGR

  • 32 LÖGG

    * * *
    f., gen. löggvar, Edda ii. 100 (in a verse); in mod. usage laggar; [Scot. leggin; Engl. ledge]:— the ledge or rim at the bottom of a cask, Grág. i. 501, freq. in mod. usage: also of the inside of a cask, það er dálítið eptir í lögginni.
    2. a mark on sheep, a small square piece cut out of the side of the ear.
    COMPDS: löggbrotinn, löggstokkinn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LÖGG

  • 33 niðr

    I)
    (-s, pl. niðjar, acc. niði, gen. niðja), m. son, kinsman, relative.
    adv.
    1) down (hann féll dauðr niðr); setjast niðr, to sit down; fœra niðr korn, to sow corn;
    2) of direction without motion, down, downward (n. ok norðr liggr helvegr).
    * * *
    m., better gniðr, [from gniða], the murmur of running water, of a brook, stream, ár-niðr, lækjar-niðr, prop. the wearing of the water against the pebbles at the bottom; the word is very freq. in mod. usage.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > niðr

  • 34 HRIP

    m. box of laths, basket.
    * * *
    n. a box of laths or a basket to carry peat and the like on horseback, with a drop at the bottom, Lv. 65, (mó-hrip, torf-hrip.) hrips-grind, f. the frame of a h., id. Hence the phrase, það er eins og að ausa vatni í hrip, ‘it is like pouring water into a sieve,’ (cp. Lat. ‘Danaidum dolia implere’), of useless efforts: hurried work, e. g. hurried writing, as if dropped out of the quill.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HRIP

  • 35 nauðr

    f. necessily, need; ef mik nauðr um stendr, if I am in need.
    * * *
    f.; this is perh. the only fem. of the 1st decl. which has retained the inflexive r as in Goth.; for the feminines with i in acc. and dat., see Gramm. p. xvii, col. 2 (III. at the bottom), are of a different declension; [Scot. neide, see nauð]:—necessity, only used in nom.; ef mik nauðr um stendr, Hm. 155; nauðr um skildi, need made them part, Vkv. 3; nauðr er at nýta eiða, ‘tis needful to keep one’s oath, Orkn. (in a verse); rak hann þó engi n. til þess, there was no necessity for him, Skálda 164; mun þik þó n. til reka, Nj. 61, Fs. 127; n. er á e-u, eigi drap ek Gauk fyrr en mér væri nauðr á, Nj. 227; enda sé þó n. at skilja ( one must needs know) hvat þeir stoða í málinu, Skálda 165; mun eigi n. at minnask Jökuls fræada várs, Fs. 23; þótti þeim n. til bera, Fms. vi. 38.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > nauðr

  • 36 GORMR

    m. ooze, mud, grounds in coffee and the like:—a local name of a muddy creek at the bottom of Gils-fjörðr in the west of Icel.
    II. name of an old Danish king, prob. contracted from Goð-ormr, cp. Guthrum in the Saxon Chronicle.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > GORMR

  • 37 negla

    * * *
    (-da, -dr), v. to nail, fasten or stud with nails (A. negldi saman útihurð sína); negldar brynjur, studded mail-coats.
    * * *
    u, f. the bung to close a hole in the bottom of a boat which lets out the bilge-water.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > negla

  • 38 nest-lok

    n. pl. the ‘bottom of the bag;’ in the adverb. phrase, at nestlokum, at last, finally, Bs. i. 417 (at nêst lokum Ed.); en at nestlokum sverði höggvinn, Blas. 51; mon ok Goð láta eldinn ganga yfir heiminn at nestlokonom, Hom. (St.); at nestlokum krossfestr, 656 B. 4; at n. vinnr Már á Þórði, Sturl. i. 10: with gen., at nestlokum málsins, 23, v. l.; at nestlokum æfinnar, Hom. (St.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > nest-lok

  • 39 svið

    n. pl. singed sheep’s heads.
    * * *
    1.
    n. pl. singed sheep’s heads, Sturl. i. 166, freq. in mod. usage.
    2.
    n. a space, esp. on the sea, = mið.
    2. a local name for a fisherman’s sea-mark near Reykjavik; róa út á Svið; perh. so called from the bottom of the sea there being an oid lava-field (sviða); hence Mardöll á miði, … seiddu nú að sviði sæ-kinda val, Jónas.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > svið

  • 40 hnökra

    að, to touch or graze the bottom, in the phrase, það hnökrar, of a boat in shallow water, or of a horse crossing a stream.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > hnökra

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