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21 papeleta de pedido

(n.) = request form

Ex. This finding led to substantial changes in the design of the request form, which now takes the form described in chapter 25.

* * *

(n.) = request form

Ex: This finding led to substantial changes in the design of the request form, which now takes the form described in chapter 25.

Spanish-English dictionary > papeleta de pedido
22 papeleta de petición

(n.) = request form

Ex. This finding led to substantial changes in the design of the request form, which now takes the form described in chapter 25.

* * *

(n.) = request form

Ex: This finding led to substantial changes in the design of the request form, which now takes the form described in chapter 25.

Spanish-English dictionary > papeleta de petición
23 AUKA

augment

* * *

I)

(eyk, jók, jókum, aukinn), v.

1) to augment, increase (auka virðing e-s; auka ætt sína; auka vandræði);

to prolong (auka þing);

aukanda ferr am e-t, something goes on increasing;

eigi er þat aukit (it is no exaggeration) þó at hann sé sagðr ríkastr maðr á Íslandi;

orðum aukit, exaggerated;

aukin ( more than) þrjú hundruð manna;

2) to add, with dat. (jók ek því es mér varð síðar kunnara);

auka synd á synd ofan, to heap sin upon sin;

auka e-u við, to add;

aukast orðum við, to come to words, to converse;

with acc., auka ný vandræði (= nýjum vandræðum) á hin fornu, to add new difficulties to old ones;

impers., jók stórum hans harm, his grief increased greatly;

3) to surpass, exceed;

þat er eykr sex aura, þá á konungr hálft þat er eykr, if it exceeds six ounces, the king takes half the excess.

II)

(að), v. (a Norse form) = the preceding.

* * *

jók, jóku (mod. juku), aukit [Lat. augere; Gr. αυξειν; Ulf. aukan; A. S. eacan or ecan; Engl. to eche or eke; O. H. G. auhon]; pres. ind. eyk; subj. eyki or yki, mod. jyki. A weak form (aukar, aukaði, aukat) also occurs, esp. in Norse, and (as a Norwegianism) in Icel. writers, esp. after the year 1260, e. g. aukaðu, augebant, Barl. 138; aukaðist, augebatur, aukaði, augebat. Barl. 180, Fms. i. 140, 184, x. 21 (MSS. aukuðu or aukaði, and some even jóku), Róm. 234; subj. aukaðist, augeretur, Fms. vii. 158 in three Icel. vellum MSS.; only one has ykist, the strong genuine form. Pres. aukar, auget, and aukast, augetur, instead of eykr, eykst, Stj. 32: part. aukat (= aukit), O. H. L. 46; aukuð, aucta, Fms. x. 236. Even Snorri in the Edda has aukaðist, p. 3, both in the vellum MSS. Ob. and Kb.,—a form which is thoroughly unclassical; the poets use the strong form, and so Ari, who has jókk = jók ek, in the preface to Íb.;—so also the great bulk of the classical literature. Since the Reformation the strong form is the only one used either in speaking or writing.

I. Lat. augere, to augment, increase, with acc., eykr hann þar ætt sína, Fms. iii. 82; jók Njáll ekki hjón sín, Nj. 59; hét hann þeim at auka virðing þeirra, Eg. 33; þessi orð jóku mjök sök Adams, Sks. 542; jók nafn hans, Hom. 51, Nj. 33; var þá síðan aukuð (= aukin) veizlan, Fms. x. 236: absol., þat hálft er eykr, that half which is over and above, Js. 75: in the phrase, aukanda ferr um e-t, a thing is increasing, Nj. 139.

II. Lat. addere, to add to the whole of a thing; with the thing added in the dat., ok jókk (= jók ek) því es mér varð síðan kunnara, Íb. (pref.): impers., jók miklu við, increased greatly, Ld. 54; þá eykst enn ellefu nóttum við, eleven nights are still added, Rb. 28: followed by ‘við,’ auka e-u við e-t, to add to it, Nj. 41; ‘til’ is rare and unclassical, and seems almost a Danism, as ‘föie til,’ þetta til aukist, Vm. 7: auka synd (dat.) á synd (acc.) ofan, to heap sin upon sin, Stj. 274: aukast orðum við, to come to words, speak, Eg. ch. 58, v. l. (rare); ef þú eykr orði, if tbou say’st a word more, Lex. Poët.

β. with acc. (a rare and unclassical Latinism), auka ny vandræði (= nyjum vandræðum) á hin fornu, Bs. i. 751.

γ. impers. in the phrase, aukar á, it increases, Róm. 234.

III. to surpass, exceed; þat er eykr sex aura, þá á konungr hálft þat er eykr, if it exceeds six ounces, the king takes half the excess, N. G. L. i. 281, Js. § 71; en ármaðr taki þat er aukit er, what is over and above, N. G. L. i. 165. Esp. used adverbially in the part. pass, aukit, aukin, more than, above, of numbers; aukin þrjú hundruð manna, three hundred men well told, Eg. 530, Fms. ix. 524, v. l.; með aukit hundrað manna, x. 184, Ld. 196; aukin hálf vætt, Grett. 141 new Ed.

β. in the phrases, þat er (eigi) aukat (aukit), it is no exaggeration, Jd. verse 22, the Ed. in Fms. xi. 169 has ‘árla’ (a false reading); pat er aukat, O. H. L. 1. c.; orðum aukið, exaggerated, Thom. 73.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AUKA
24 ÞYKKJA

I)

(þykki, þótta, þótt), v.

1) to be thought to be, seem to be, be esteemed or reckoned as;

hón þótti beztr kostr, she was thought the best match;

2) with dat. it seems to one, one thinks (þykki mér ráð, at þú farir at finna Gizur hvíta);

e-m þykkir at e-u, one feels hurt at, takes it to heart, is displeased with (þótti mönnum mikit at um víg Kjartans);

mér þykkir fyrir (or fyr) e-u, I dislike, am unwilling to (mér þykkir meira fyrir en öðrum mönnum at vega menn);

e-m þykkir mikit um e-t, one takes it much to heart (honum þótti svá mikit um fall Ólafs konungs, at);

e-m þykkir mikit undir e-u, one thinks it of great importance (mikit þótti spökum mönnum undir því, at);

impers., vilda ek, at þér þœtti eigi verr, I wish that thou wouuldst not take it amiss;

þótti sinn veg hvárum, they disagreed;

þykki mér sem undan sé gaflveggrinn, it seems to me as though the gable-wall were down;

þótti mér þeir sœkja at (= sem þeir sœkti at), methought they pressed hard on me;

3) refl., þykkjast, to seem to oneself, think oneself, think (en ek þykkjumst þó mjök neyddr til hafa verit);

hann þykkist einn vita allt, he thinks he alone knows everything;

þykkist hann mjök fyrir öðrum mönnum, he thinks himself far above other men;

en Brynhildr þykkist brúðr var-gefin, but B. will think she is ill-matched.

II)

f.

1) thought;

liking, sentiment, disposition;

fóru þykkjur þeira saman, their sentiments went together;

2) dislike, displeasure (leggja þykkju á e-n or e-t).

* * *

pres. þykkir, pret. þótti, subj. þætti (i. e. þœtti), part. þótt: a middle form þykkjumk and þóttumk: the form with kk is the true old one, and is always so written in rhymes by old poets (with fékk, hykk, þekkir, etc.): in mod. usage one k has been lost, þykja, þykir, and so often in Editions, but erroneously; the ancients often sounded this word with i, þikkja, þikkir, but y is the older and better form: with neg. suff. þykkir-a, þótti-t, þóttisk-a-þú, Ls. 60; þykkj-at, Hkv. 2. 22; þikkir-a, Fms. vi. 447 (in a verse): [þykkja þótti and þekkja þátti are correlative verbs, one neut. the other transit.; so also Goth. þagkjan þahta = λογίζεσθαι, and þugkjan þauhta = δοκειν; A. S. þencan þahte and þincan þuhte; Germ. denken dachte and dünken dünkte; a trace of the neut. sense remains in Engl. methinks, methought.]

A. To be thought, seem:

I. to be thought to be, seem to be, be esteemed, valued; ok hann mundi þá þykkja betr gengit hafa, en sitja við eldstó móður sinnar, Fs. 6; muntú þar göfugr þykkja á því landi ok verða kynsæll, Landn. 260; öngir þóttu ( were thought) löglegir dómar nema hann væri í, … hón þótti beztr kostr, Nj. 1; tíðindi þau er mörgum þótti mikil, 123; saka-staði þá er hann þótti á eiga, 166; þótti hvárum-tveggja þær ræður skemtiligar, Eg. 686; öllum þótti þeirra ferð in svívirðiligsta, Nj. 263; bætt vóru vígin sem vert þótti, 88; ek þótta ok þjóðans rekkum hverri hæri, I was thought by them to be, Gkv. 1. 19.

II. with dat. it seems to one, one thinks, denoting thought, feeling, sentiment, also resentment, as may be seen from the references, (cp. Germ. mich dünkt; Engl. methinks); mikit þótti spökum mönnum undir því at menn ætti gott saman í útverjum, Ld. 38; Halli þótti Ingjaldr lítt vilja hefja sitt ráð til þroska, id.: vel þykki mér, hvergi þykki mér við hníta, Ísl. ii. 343; þér þótti eigi þess vert at við mik væri um talat, þykki mér þetta ráð eigi svá mikils-háttar, id.; vilda ek, at þér þætti eigi verr, that thou shouldest not think the worse, be displeased, Nj. 17; þótti sinn veg hvárum, they disagreed, Ld. 38; þeir ræddu at Guðrúnu þætti lítið dráp Bolla, they said that G. took little thought of Bolli’s death, 246; þótti okkr gott ( it seemed good to us) er þeim var ótti at ykkr, Nj. 252; allir menn mæltu at betra þætti hjá Skarphéðni dauðum en þeir ætluðu, 209; Finnr lét sér fjándskap í þykkja við konung, Fms. vi. 294; Gunnari þótti fýsilegt … þótti þeim sér nú mundu lítið fyrir, Nj. 113; mér þykkir sem málum várum sé komit í únýtt efni, ef …, 150; þan (tíðendi) megu mér mikil þykkja, ok eigi ólíklig, Fs. 9; vil ek sjá hverr slægr mér þykkir í þér vera, 11; mér þykkir þeir merkiligstir menn, 19; ekki þikki mér þetta sjór, Landn. 251; vel þykkir mér at þú farir brott, 260; eigi þikki mér sem vér munim í þessum dal búnað reisa, Fs. 25; þat þótti honum mest af bregða, 77; líkami Bergþóru þikki mér at líkendum ok þó vel, Nj. 208; nú þykkja þeim eigi tíðir í görandi, K. Þ. K. 154; nú þikkir presti eigi rétt at skírn farit, 14; þikki mér ráð, at þú farir at finna Gizur hvíta, Nj. 77; ek veit at þér þykkir mikit fyrir ferðum, id., Fms. i. 195; undr þótti mér, er bróðir þinn vildi eigt taka af þér þetta starf, Nj. 77; höfðu menn þat fyrir satt at þeim þætti mikit fyrir at skiljask, Ld. 190; hvárt þykkir þér undir því sem mest at vit sém sem vitrastir, Nj. 263; honum þykkir mikit undir at þeim færisk vel, Ísl. ii. 343; hann heilsar þeim … þat ætlum vér at þér þykki lítið undir um vára heilsan, … en þat vitum vér at oss þykkir eigi verr at þú værir eigi heil, Fbr. 62; hann segir sér mikit þykkja at láta eignir sínar, Eg. 539; þó þú látir þér einskis þ. vert um dráp Bárðar, 255; hann spurði hvat honum þótti, eða þykkir þér hér eigi gott, Nj. 126; hefir ek nökkut þat gört at þér þykki við mik at, Gísl. 16; allt þat er honum þykkir af við mik, Ó. H. 148; þótti honum mikit at um víg Kjartans, Ld. 226; sem mér þykkir meira fyrir en öðrum mönnum at vega menn, Nj. 85; ek hygg at honum muni nú minnst fyrir þ., Fms. xi. 113; er mér þykkir allítið fyrir at missa, … þótti þeim sem Egill mundi eigi aptr koma, Eg. 223; þótti honum sér úvænt til undan-kvámu, 406; þeir er höfðu sér traust at mæla sem þótti, to speak as they thought, Fms. i. 22; þat þótti Þorkatli mest af bregða er í vatni skyldi þvásk, Fs. 77: with the notion of vision, dreams, or the like, þótti mér þeir sækja at öllu-megin … en Hjört þótti mér þeir hafa undir, … eptir þat þótti mér stökkva vargarnir, Nj. 95; þeim þótti hann vera kátr ok kveða í hauginum, 118; ok þótti honum hann vekja sik, 121; þá þótti mér undarliga við bregða, mér þótti hann þá kalla …, 211; æpti hann svá mikit óp at mér þótti allt skjálfa í nándir, 212; hón þótti mér þat vel þekkjask, Ísl. ii. 194; ekki þótti henni blómit svá mikit á vera, 14; ok þótti mér ílla sæma … þótti mér sjá skaði miklu meiri, etc., Ld. 126. 128.

B. Reflex.; the forms þykkjumk and þóttumk, also spelt with mz:

I. subject and object being the same person, I myself, he himself, or the like; to seem to oneself, to think oneself, of oneself, with oneself, or the like; hversu mikinn styrk fólkit þykkisk af honum hafa, Edda (pref.) 148; ok þóttumk ek ekki þess verðr frá henni, því at ek þykkjumk þat hafa lýst nökkurum sinnum, at mér hefir ekki hennar úvirðing betri þótt en sjálfs míns, Gísl. 35; svá þykkjumzt ek jafnan gört hafa, Fms. vi. 101; en ek þykkjumk þó mjök neyddr til hafa verit, Nj. 88: to seem to oneself, ok þóttisk-a þú þá Þórr vera, thou didst not seem to thyself to be Thor, daredst not call thyself Thor, Ls. 60; hét Grímr ferðinni þá er hann þættisk búinn, Eg. 108; til hvers þykkjask þessir menn færir, Hrafn. 17: with the notion of presumption or pride, ok þykkisk hann mjök fyrir öðrum, he thinks himself much above others, Ld. 38; þó þykkisk ér þjóðkonungar, Skv. 3. 35; hann þykkisk einn vita allt, Nj. 32: with the notion of appearance, not reality, þá þóttisk hann rista henni manrúnar, he deluded himself. Eg. 587: with the notion of vision, to dream that, Njáll mælti, undarliga sýnisk mér nú, ek þykkjumk sjá um alla stofuna (ok þykki mér sem undan sé gaflveggrinn), Nj. 197; þat dreymdi mik at ek þóttumk ríða fram hjá Knafahólum, þar þóttisk ek sjá varga marga, … ok þóttumk ek þá eigi vita hvat mér hlífði … en ek þóttumk verða svá reiðr, at …, 95; hann þóttisk játa því, 121; ek þóttisk staddr at Lómagnúpi, Nj.; dreymt hefir mik í nótt … þar þóttumk ek vera staddr er eigi þótti öllum einnog, ok þóttumk ek hafa sverðit … en ek þóttumk kveða vísur tvær í svefninum, Ísl. ii. 352; þat dreymði mik at ek þóttisk heima vera at Borg, … álpt eina væna ok fagra ok þóttisk ek eiga, ok þótti mér allgóð …, 194; hón þóttisk sjá tré mikit í rekkju þeirra Grímkels, 14; úti þóttumk ek vera stödd við læk nokkurn, … ek þóttumk vera stödd hjá vatni einu … ok þóttumk ek eiga ok einkar vel sama, … ek þóttumk eiga gullhring, … er ek þóttumk þá bera hjá mér þann hug, … þá þótumk ek sjá fleiri brestina á … ek þóttumk hafa hjálm á höfði … ek þóttumk eiga þá görsemi, Ld. 126, 128; hvat er þat drauma? ek þóttumk fyr dag rísa, etc., Em. (begin.) In the first person the ancients use the form þóttumk þykkjumk much more frequently than þykkist þóttisk, which is the mod. form.

II. the subject being different, he or it seemed to me, a middle form, this use is rare, and only occurs in poetry; gott þóttumk þat, er ek þögn of gat, it seemed good to me, I was glad that I got a bearing, Höfuðl. 19; úlfar þóttumk öllum betri, ef þeir léti mik lífi týna, the wolves seemed all the better friends if they would let me lose my life, Gh. 11.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞYKKJA
25 nehmen

v/t; nimmt, nahm, hat genommen

1. ([er]greifen, an sich bringen) take; (in Empfang nehmen) receive; (jemanden einstellen) take s.o.; (kaufen) take; in die Hand / unter den Arm nehmen take in one’s hand / put under one’s arm; etw. an sich nehmen take s.th.; zu sich nehmen (Person) take s.o. in; Gott hat sie zu sich genommen geh. euph. God has called her home; sich (Dat) eine Frau oder einen Mann nehmen (heiraten) umg. take a wife oder a husband; woher nehmen und nicht stehlen? hum. where (on earth) am I supposed to get hold of that ( oder them etc.)?; auf sich nehmen undertake, take upon o.s., (Amt, Bürde) assume, (Verantwortung) accept, take; die Folgen auf sich nehmen bear the consequences; er nahm sie mit Gewalt fig. he took her by force

2. (wegnehmen) take; (sich aneignen) take away; (rauben) deprive of hope, rights etc.; jemandem die Angst etc. nehmen take away s.o.’s fear etc.; jemandem die Sicht nehmen block s.o.’s view; das nimmt der Sache den oder jeden Reiz that spoils it, that takes the fun out of it; der Krieg hat ihr den Mann genommen she lost her husband in the war; das lasse ich mir nicht nehmen I won’t be done out of that; (ich bin davon überzeugt) nobody’s going to talk me out of that; er lässt es sich nicht nehmen zu... he insists on... (+ Ger.)

3. (essen) have; zu sich nehmen have; ich habe den ganzen Tag noch nichts zu mir genommen I haven’t had anything to eat or drink all day; nehmen Sie noch Tee? will you have some more tea?; ich nehme Hühnchen mit Reis I’ll have chicken with rice; einen nehmen umg. (Schnaps) have one; nehmen Sie doch noch einen go on, have another one

4. Medizin etc.: take; Drogen nehmen take drugs; Pille

5. (benutzen) use; (sich bedienen) help o.s. to; (Beförderungsmittel) take; (in Anspruch nehmen) (Anwalt etc.) take, get (hold of); man nehme Rezept: take

6. (bewältigen) (Hindernis) take, clear; MOT. (Kurve, Steigung) take, negotiate

7. (auffassen): wörtlich nehmen take literally; nimm’s nicht so tragisch umg. don’t take it to heart

8. (sich vorstellen): nehmen wir den Fall, dass let’s assume that, suppose that; nehmen wir einen Dichter wie Shakespeare let’s take a poet such as Shakespeare

9. (behandeln, umgehen mit): jemanden zu nehmen wissen know how to handle s.o.; er versteht es, die Kunden richtig zu nehmen he has a way with customers; du musst ihn nehmen, wie er ist you have to take him as he is

10. (betrachten): du darfst das nicht wörtlich nehmen you shouldn’t take it literally; wie man’s nimmt it depends

11. SPORT (foulen): jemanden hart nehmen commit a blatant foul on s.o.

12. MIL. take, capture; nach langer Belagerung nahmen sie die Stadt they took the city after a long siege

13. auf Band / Videokassette nehmen tape / record on video

14. (als Zahlung fordern) charge, take

* * *

to take; to lay hold of

* * *
neh|men ['neːmən] pret nahm [naːm] ptp geno\#mmen [gə'nɔmən]
vti

1) (= ergreifen) to take

etw in die Hand néhmen (lit) — to pick sth up; (fig) to take sth in hand

2) (= wegnehmen) to take; Schmerz to take away, to relieve; (= versperren) Blick, Sicht to block

jdm etw néhmen — to take sth (away) from sb

jdm die Hoffnung/den Glauben/die Freude néhmen — to take away sb's hope/faith/joy, to rob or deprive sb of his hope/faith/joy

um ihm die Angst zu néhmen — to stop him being afraid

ihm sind seine Illusionen genommen worden — his illusions were shattered

nicht néhmen, mich persönlich hinauszubegleiten — he insisted on showing me out himself

diesen Erfolg lasse ich mir nicht néhmen — I won't be robbed of this success

woher néhmen und nicht stehlen? (inf) — where on earth am I going to find any/one etc?

nichts (inf) — there's nothing to choose between them, one's as good as the other

vom Brot/Fleisch néhmen — to help oneself to bread/meat

néhmen Sie sich doch bitte! — please help yourself

3) (= benutzen) Auto, Zug etc to take; Bürste, Zutaten, Farbe to use

man nehme... (Cook) — take...

etw néhmen (Zimmer, Wohnung) — to take sth

einen Anwalt/eine Hilfe néhmen — to get a lawyer/some help

4) (= annehmen) Geschenk, Stelle, Bewerber, Anwalt to take; (= berechnen) to charge

was néhmen Sie dafür? — how much will you take for it?

jdn zu sich néhmen — to take sb in

Gott hat ihn zu sich genommen (euph) — he has been called home to his maker

etw néhmen, wie es kommt — to take sth as it comes

jdn néhmen, wie er ist — to take sb as he is

néhmen — to take sth upon oneself

er ist immer der Nehmende — he does all the taking, with him it's just take take take (inf)

die Nehmenden und die Gebenden — the takers and the givers

5) (= einnehmen) to take; Essen to have, to take

sie nimmt Rauschgift/die Pille — she's on drugs/the pill, she takes drugs/the pill

etw zu sich néhmen — to take sth, to partake of sth (liter)

der Patient hat nichts zu sich néhmen können — the patient has been unable to take nourishment

6) (= auffassen) to take; (= behandeln) to handle, to treat

wenn Sie das so néhmen wollen — if you care or choose to take it that way

etw für ein or als Zeichen néhmen — to take sth as a sign or an omen

wie mans nimmt (inf) — depending on your point of view

wissen, wie man jdn néhmen muss or soll — to know how to take sb

7) (= auswählen) to take; Essen, Menü to have, to take

einen Mann/eine Frau néhmen — to take a husband/wife

8) Hürde, Festung, Stadt, Frau to take; Schwierigkeiten to overcome

das Auto nahm den Berg im dritten Gang — the car took the hill in third gear

* * *

1) (to do or take: I'll have a drink; Let me have a try.) have

2) ((often with down, out etc) to reach out for and grasp, hold, lift, pull etc: He took my hand; He took the book down from the shelf; He opened the drawer and took out a gun; I've had a tooth taken out.) take

3) (to get, receive, buy, rent etc: I'm taking French lessons; I'll take three kilos of strawberries; We took a house in London.) take

4) (to travel by (bus etc): I'm taking the next train to London; I took a taxi.) take

5) (to remove, use, occupy etc with or without permission: Someone's taken my coat; He took all my money.) take

6) (to consider (as an example): Take John for example.) take

7) ((often with away, from, off) to make less or smaller by a certain amount: Take (away) four from ten, and that leaves six.) take

8) (to go down or go into (a road): Take the second road on the left.) take

* * *

neh·men

<nahm, genommen>

[ˈne:mən]

vt

1. (greifen)

▪ [sich dat] etw \nehmen to take sth; (sich bedienen) to help oneself to sth

jdn am Arm/an der Hand \nehmen to take sb's arm/hand [or sb by the arm/hand]

etw in die Hand \nehmen to take sth in one's hand

2. (besitzen)

▪ [sich dat] etw \nehmen to take sth; SCHACH to take [or capture] sth

▪ \nehmen, was... to take what...

3. (heiraten)

▪ [sich dat] jdn \nehmen to marry sb

sie wird keiner \nehmen! nobody'll want to marry her!, she'll never get a man!

[sich dat] eine Frau/einen Mann \nehmen to take a wife/husband

4. (annehmen)

▪ etw \nehmen to accept [or take] sth

nimmst du ein Bier? do you want a beer?

\nehmen Sie bitte meinen Dank (geh) please accept my gratitude

5. (stehlen)

▪ [jdm] etw \nehmen to take [sb's] sth

man hat [uns] alles genommen they took everything, we were cleaned out fam

▪ [jdm] jdn \nehmen (fig)

die Flut/der Krieg nahm ihr den Sohn she lost her son to the flood/in the war

Gott hat sie zu sich genommen God has taken her to [or old unto] Himself

6. (entziehen)

▪ [jdm/etw] etw \nehmen to take [away sep] sth from sb/sth, to take [away sep] sb's/sth's sth

das nimmt der Sache das ganz Interessante daran that takes all the interest out of the matter

jdm Angst/Bedenken \nehmen to take away [or ease] sb's fear/doubts

jdm Freude/Glück/Hoffnung/Spaß \nehmen to take away sb's [or to rob [or deprive] sb of their] joy/happiness/hope/fun

jdm alle Illusionen \nehmen to disillusion sb

jdm die Sicht \nehmen to block sb's view

7. (befreien)

▪ etw [von jdm] \nehmen to take [away sep] [sb's] sth, to relieve sb of his/her sth

8. (nutzen)

▪ etw [für etw akk/in etw akk] \nehmen:

nimm nicht so viel Salz don't use so much salt

man nehme: 6 Eier, 100 Gramm Zucker,... take 6 eggs, 100 grams of sugar,...

Milch/Zucker in den Tee \nehmen to take milk/sugar in one's tea

einen anderen Weg \nehmen (fig) to take a different path

Werkzeug \nehmen to use tools

▪ etw als etw \nehmen to use sth as sth

▪ etw von etw dat \nehmen to use sth from sth

davon braucht man nur ganz wenig zu \nehmen you only need to use a small amount

9. (bei sich bringen)

▪ jdn/etw irgendwohin \nehmen to take [or put] sb/sth somewhere

ein Kind auf den Schoß \nehmen to take [or sit] a child on one's lap

jdn in die Mitte \nehmen to take sb in one's midst

jdn/etw auf die Schultern \nehmen to take [or put] sb/sth on one's shoulders, to shoulder sth

▪ jdn/etw an sich akk \nehmen to take sb/sth; (aufheben) to pick [or take] up sb/sth sep; (aufbewahren) to take charge of sth; (jdn aufnehmen) to take sb in one's charge

10. (laden)

▪ etw \nehmen Schiff to take on [or be loaded with] sth

11. (herausbringen)

▪ jdn/etw aus etw dat \nehmen to take sb/sth out of sth

▪ jdn/etw von etw dat \nehmen to take sb/sth from [or off] sth

nimm die Finger davon! take your fingers off!

den Hut vom Kopf \nehmen to take off sep one's hat

12. (weigern)

sein Kind aus der Schule \nehmen to stop one's child from going to school

13. (engagieren)

▪ [sich dat] jdn \nehmen to get sb

14. TRANSP (benutzen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

heute nehme ich das Auto/die Bahn/den Bus I'll take the car/train/bus [or go by car/train/bus] today

15. (wählen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

▪ jdn [als jdn] \nehmen to take sb [as sb]

16. (unterbringen)

▪ jdn ins Haus [o zu sich dat] \nehmen to take in sb sep; Verwandte to have sb come and live with one

17. (beanspruchen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

18. (fordern)

▪ etw [für etw akk] \nehmen to want sth [for sth]; Verkäufer a. to ask [or charge] sth for sth

\nehmen Sie sonst noch was? would you like anything else?

19. (geh: verzehren)

▪ etw [zu sich dat] \nehmen to have [or drink/eat] sth, to partake of sth form

das Abendmahl \nehmen to receive Communion

das Frühstück \nehmen to eat [or have] [or take] breakfast, to breakfast

20. (Medikament)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth; (regelmäßig a.) to be on sth

21. (verstehen)

▪ etw als etw \nehmen to take sth as [or to be] sth

22. (bewerten)

jdn ernst \nehmen to take sb seriously

etw ernst/wörtlich \nehmen to take sth seriously/literally

etw tragisch \nehmen (fam) to take sth to heart

23. DIAL (verkennen)

▪ jdn für jdn \nehmen to take [or mistake] sb for sb

24. (akzeptieren)

jdn/etw [so] \nehmen, wie er/sie/es ist to take sb/sth as he/she/it is

etw \nehmen, wie es kommt to take sth as it comes

die Dinger \nehmen, wie sie kommen to take things as they come

25. (denken)

▪ jdn/etw \nehmen to take sb/sth

\nehmen wir den Fall, dass... let's assume [that]...

26. (umgehen)

jdn/etw zu \nehmen wissen, wissen, wie man jdn/etw \nehmen muss to know how to take sb/sth

▪ jdn wie jdn \nehmen to treat sb like sb

27. (überwinden)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

28. MIL (erobern)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

29. (koitieren)

▪ jdn \nehmen to take sb

30. (mitschneiden)

▪ etw auf etw akk \nehmen to record sth on sth

etw auf Band \nehmen to record sth on tape, to tape sth

31. (fotografieren)

▪ etw auf etw akk \nehmen to take a picture [or photo] of sth on sth

32. (foulen)

jdn hart \nehmen to foul sb badly

33. SPORT (auffangen)

den Ball \nehmen to take the ball

einen Schlag \nehmen Boxer to take a punch

34. (mieten)

▪ sich dat etw \nehmen to take sth

35. siehe auch n

Abschrift \nehmen (form) to make a copy

etw in Arbeit \nehmen to start work on sth

eine gute Entwicklung \nehmen to develop well

seinen Rücktritt \nehmen to resign

Wohnung \nehmen (geh) to rent an apartment

36.

▶ etw an sich akk \nehmen, etw auf sich akk \nehmen to take sth upon oneself

die Schuld auf sich akk \nehmen to take the blame

▶ es auf sich akk \nehmen, etw zu tun to take it upon oneself to do sth

▶ einen \nehmen (fam) to have a drink

▶ sich dat etw nicht \nehmen lassen to not be robbed of sth

▶ es sich dat nicht \nehmen lassen, etw zu tun to insist on doing sth

▶ sie \nehmen sich dat nichts (fam) they're both the same [or as good/bad as each other]

▶ woher \nehmen und nicht stehlen? where on earth is one going to get that from?

▶ jdn nicht für voll \nehmen (fam) to not take sb seriously

▶ wie man's nimmt (fam) whatever [or how ever] you like

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb

1) take

etwas in die Hand/unter den Arm nehmen — take something in one's hand/take or put something under one's arm

etwas an sich (Akk.) nehmen — pick something up; (und aufbewahren) take charge of something

sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen — take something; (sich bedienen) help oneself to something

zu sich nehmen — take in < orphan>

sie nahm ihren Vater zu sich — she had her father come and live with her

auf sich (Akk.) nehmen — take on <responsibility, burden>; take < blame>

die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen — take things as they come

2) (wegnehmen)

jemandem/einer Sache etwas nehmen — deprive somebody/something of something

jemandem die Sicht/den Ausblick nehmen — block somebody's view

die Angst von jemandem nehmen — relieve somebody of his/her fear

es sich (Dat.) nicht nehmen lassen, etwas zu tun — not let anything stop one from doing something

3) (benutzen) use <ingredients, washing powder, wool, brush, knitting needles, etc.>

man nehme... — (in Rezepten) take...

den Zug/ein Taxi usw. nehmen — take the train/a taxi etc.

[sich (Dat.)] einen Anwalt usw. nehmen — get a lawyer etc.

4) (aussuchen) take

ich nehme die Pastete — I'll have the pâté

5) (in Anspruch nehmen) take <lessons, holiday, etc.>

6) (verlangen) charge

7) (einnehmen, essen) take <medicines, tablets, etc.>

etwas [Richtiges] zu sich nehmen — have something [decent] to eat

sie nimmt die Pille — she's taking or she's on the pill (coll.)

8) (auffassen) take ( als as)

etwas/jemanden ernst/etwas leicht nehmen — take something/somebody seriously/take something lightly

jemanden nicht für voll nehmen — (ugs.) not take somebody seriously

9) (behandeln) treat < person>

10) (überwinden, militärisch einnehmen) take <obstacle, bend, incline, village, bridgehead, etc.>; (fig.) take < woman>

11) (Sport) take < ball, punch>

einen Spieler hart nehmen — foul a player blatantly

* * *

nehmen v/t; nimmt, nahm, hat genommen

1. ([er]greifen, an sich bringen) take; (in Empfang nehmen) receive; (jemanden einstellen) take sb; (kaufen) take;

in die Hand/unter den Arm nehmen take in one’s hand/put under one’s arm;

etwas an sich nehmen take sth;

zu sich nehmen (Person) take sb in;

Gott hat sie zu sich genommen geh euph God has called her home;

sich (dat)

eine Frau oder

einen Mann nehmen (heiraten) umg take a wife oder a husband;

woher nehmen und nicht stehlen? hum where (on earth) am I supposed to get hold of that ( oder them etc)?;

auf sich nehmen undertake, take upon o.s., (Amt, Bürde) assume, (Verantwortung) accept, take;

die Folgen auf sich nehmen bear the consequences;

er nahm sie mit Gewalt fig he took her by force

2. (wegnehmen) take; (sich aneignen) take away; (rauben) deprive of hope, rights etc;

jemandem die Angst etc

nehmen take away sb’s fear etc;

jemandem die Sicht nehmen block sb’s view;

das nimmt der Sache den oder

jeden Reiz that spoils it, that takes the fun out of it;

der Krieg hat ihr den Mann genommen she lost her husband in the war;

das lasse ich mir nicht nehmen I won’t be done out of that; (ich bin davon überzeugt) nobody’s going to talk me out of that;

er lässt es sich nicht nehmen zu … he insists on … (+ger)

3. (essen) have;

zu sich nehmen have;

ich habe den ganzen Tag noch nichts zu mir genommen I haven’t had anything to eat or drink all day;

nehmen Sie noch Tee? will you have some more tea?;

ich nehme Hühnchen mit Reis I’ll have chicken with rice;

einen nehmen umg (Schnaps) have one;

nehmen Sie doch noch einen go on, have another one

4. Medizin etc: take;

Drogen nehmen take drugs; → Pille

5. (benutzen) use; (sich bedienen) help o.s. to; (Beförderungsmittel) take; (in Anspruch nehmen) (Anwalt etc) take, get (hold of);

man nehme Rezept: take

6. (bewältigen) (Hindernis) take, clear; AUTO (Kurve, Steigung) take, negotiate

7. (auffassen):

wörtlich nehmen take literally;

nimm’s nicht so tragisch umg don’t take it to heart

8. (sich vorstellen):

nehmen wir den Fall, dass let’s assume that, suppose that;

nehmen wir einen Dichter wie Shakespeare let’s take a poet such as Shakespeare

9. (behandeln, umgehen mit):

jemanden zu nehmen wissen know how to handle sb;

er versteht es, die Kunden richtig zu nehmen he has a way with customers;

du musst ihn nehmen, wie er ist you have to take him as he is

10. (betrachten):

du darfst das nicht wörtlich nehmen you shouldn’t take it literally;

wie man’s nimmt it depends

11. SPORT (foulen):

jemanden hart nehmen commit a blatant foul on sb

12. MIL take, capture;

nach langer Belagerung nahmen sie die Stadt they took the city after a long siege

13.

auf Band/Videokassette nehmen tape/record on video

14. (als Zahlung fordern) charge, take

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb

1) take

etwas in die Hand/unter den Arm nehmen — take something in one's hand/take or put something under one's arm

etwas an sich (Akk.) nehmen — pick something up; (und aufbewahren) take charge of something

sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen — take something; (sich bedienen) help oneself to something

zu sich nehmen — take in < orphan>

sie nahm ihren Vater zu sich — she had her father come and live with her

auf sich (Akk.) nehmen — take on <responsibility, burden>; take < blame>

die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen — take things as they come

2) (wegnehmen)

jemandem/einer Sache etwas nehmen — deprive somebody/something of something

jemandem die Sicht/den Ausblick nehmen — block somebody's view

die Angst von jemandem nehmen — relieve somebody of his/her fear

es sich (Dat.) nicht nehmen lassen, etwas zu tun — not let anything stop one from doing something

3) (benutzen) use <ingredients, washing powder, wool, brush, knitting needles, etc.>

man nehme... — (in Rezepten) take...

den Zug/ein Taxi usw. nehmen — take the train/a taxi etc.

[sich (Dat.)] einen Anwalt usw. nehmen — get a lawyer etc.

4) (aussuchen) take

ich nehme die Pastete — I'll have the pâté

5) (in Anspruch nehmen) take <lessons, holiday, etc.>

6) (verlangen) charge

7) (einnehmen, essen) take <medicines, tablets, etc.>

etwas [Richtiges] zu sich nehmen — have something [decent] to eat

sie nimmt die Pille — she's taking or she's on the pill (coll.)

8) (auffassen) take ( als as)

etwas/jemanden ernst/etwas leicht nehmen — take something/somebody seriously/take something lightly

jemanden nicht für voll nehmen — (ugs.) not take somebody seriously

9) (behandeln) treat < person>

10) (überwinden, militärisch einnehmen) take <obstacle, bend, incline, village, bridgehead, etc.>; (fig.) take < woman>

11) (Sport) take <ball, punch>

einen Spieler hart nehmen — foul a player blatantly

* * *

v.

(§ p.,pp.: nahm, genommen)

= to take v.

(§ p.,p.p.: took, taken) v.

to take v.

(§ p.,p.p.: took, taken)

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > nehmen
26 Polterabend

m eve-of-the-wedding party

* * *
Pọl|ter|abend
m
party on the eve of a wedding, at which old crockery is smashed to bring good luck
* * *

Pol·ter·abend

[ˈpɔltɐ-]

m party at the house of the bride's parents on the eve of a wedding, at which crockery is smashed to bring good luck

* * *

This is Germany's answer to stag and hen nights. The Polterabend usually takes place a few days before the wedding and takes the form of a large party for the family and friends of both bride and groom. Traditionally, the guests smash some crockery, as this is supposed to bring good luck to the couple

* * *

Polterabend m eve-of-the-wedding party

* * *

This is Germany's answer to stag and hen nights. The Polterabend usually takes place a few days before the wedding and takes the form of a large party for the family and friends of both bride and groom. Traditionally, the guests smash some crockery, as this is supposed to bring good luck to the couple

* * *

m.

eve of the wedding party n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Polterabend
27 acaparar

v.

1 to monopolize.

acaparaba las miradas de todos all eyes were upon her

los atletas alemanes acapararon las medallas the German athletes swept the board

EXEX acapara las ventas EXEX monopolizes sales.

Annette acapara a Ricardo Annette monopolizes Richard.

2 to hoard (aprovisionarse de).

3 to accumulate.

4 to steal.

El niñito acaparó toda la atención The little boy stole all the attention.

* * *

acaparar

► verbo transitivo

1 (productos) to hoard; (mercado) to corner, buy up

2 (monopolizar) to monopolize, keep for oneself

■ acapararon la atención de todos they commanded the attention of everyone

* * *

VT

1) (=acumular) [+ víveres, bienes] to hoard

acaparar provisiones para el invierno — to hoard food supplies for the winter

2) (=tener la totalidad de)

a) [+ producción, poder, conversación] to monopolize

acaparan la distribución de gasolina en la zona — they have a monopoly on the distribution of petrol in the area

acaparar el mercado de algo — to corner the market in sth

han acaparado el mercado del vino — they have cornered the wine market

b) pey to hog *, monopolize

a ver si no acaparas el teléfono — don't hog * o monopolize the telephone, will you?

3) (=quedarse con) to take

la película que acaparó todos los premios — the film which took all the prizes

han acaparado un 25% del mercado de ventas a domicilio — they have captured o taken a 25% share of the home sales market

la industria acapara la mayor parte de las ayudas del gobierno — industry gets most of the government aid

4) (=poseer) to hold

la izquierda acapara todos los puestos en el ayuntamiento — the left holds all of the council posts

la empresa acapara el 40% de la tierra — the company owns 40% of the land

5) (=ocupar) to take up

el accidente acaparó las primeras páginas de todos los periódicos — the accident took up the front pages in all the newspapers

el cantante acapara los titulares estos días — the singer is front page news these days

6) [+ atención, interés] to capture

este asunto acaparó la atención de todos los políticos — this issue captured the attention of all the politicians

le gustaba acaparar las miradas de todo el mundo — he liked to hog the limelight *

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) <productos/existencias> to hoard, stockpile

b) <interés/atención> to capture

el trabajo acapara todo su tiempo — work takes up all his time

acaparó todas las miradas — all eyes were on her

c) (fam) ( monopolizar) to hog (colloq)

* * *

= overtax, hoard, monopolise [monopolize, -USA], overtake.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado overtook, participio overtaken.

Ex. Currently, they are trying to charge Internet providers more because Internet use is overtaxing the telephone networks.

Ex. What one might call 'fetishistic bibliomania' is a disease -- and few serious book-readers, let alone librarians, are free from a squirrel-like proclivity to hoard books.

Ex. The fact that this catalogue is in book form means that there is less likelihood of one reader monopolizing the catalogue.

Ex. E-Books, while a curiosity and a lot of fun, do not seem to be overtaking the mass market.

----

* acaparar el mercado = dominate + the scene, corner + the market.

* acaparar el tiempo de Alguien = monopolise + time.

* acaparar la atención de Alguien = monopolise + attention.

* acaparar las noticias = grab + the headlines, hit + the headlines.

* acaparar toda la atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show.

* competir por acaparar la atención de Alguien = compete for + attention.

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) <productos/existencias> to hoard, stockpile

b) <interés/atención> to capture

el trabajo acapara todo su tiempo — work takes up all his time

acaparó todas las miradas — all eyes were on her

c) (fam) ( monopolizar) to hog (colloq)

* * *

= overtax, hoard, monopolise [monopolize, -USA], overtake.

Nota: Verbo irregular: pasado overtook, participio overtaken.

Ex: Currently, they are trying to charge Internet providers more because Internet use is overtaxing the telephone networks.

Ex: What one might call 'fetishistic bibliomania' is a disease -- and few serious book-readers, let alone librarians, are free from a squirrel-like proclivity to hoard books.

Ex: The fact that this catalogue is in book form means that there is less likelihood of one reader monopolizing the catalogue.

Ex: E-Books, while a curiosity and a lot of fun, do not seem to be overtaking the mass market.

* acaparar el mercado = dominate + the scene, corner + the market.

* acaparar el tiempo de Alguien = monopolise + time.

* acaparar la atención de Alguien = monopolise + attention.

* acaparar las noticias = grab + the headlines, hit + the headlines.

* acaparar toda la atención = steal + the limelight, steal + the show.

* competir por acaparar la atención de Alguien = compete for + attention.

* * *

acaparar [A1 ]

vt

1 ‹productos/existencias› to hoard, stockpile

2 ‹atención/interés› to capture

el trabajo acapara todo su tiempo work takes up all his time

acaparó todas las miradas all eyes were on her

3 ( fam) (monopolizar) to hog ( colloq)

* * *

acaparar ( conjugate acaparar) verbo transitivo
a) ‹productos/existencias› to hoard, stockpile

b) ‹interés/atención› to capture;

◊ el trabajo acapara todo su tiempo work takes up all his time

acaparar verbo transitivo
1 (almacenar) to hoard
(especular) to corner
2 fig (a una persona) to monopolize
(la atención) to capture
' acaparar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abarcar
- barrer
English:
buy up
- corner
- hoard
- monopolize
- hog
- lime

* * *

acaparar vt

1. [monopolizar] to monopolize;
[mercado] to corner;
acaparaba las miradas de todos all eyes were upon her;

los atletas alemanes acapararon las medallas the German athletes swept the board;

una vez más las elecciones acapararon el interés de la prensa once more the newspapers were dominated by the elections

2. [aprovisionarse de] to hoard

* * *

acaparar

v/t

1 hoard, stockpile

2 tiempo take up

3 interés capture

4 fam ( monopolizar) monopolize, hog fam

* * *

acaparar vt

1) : to stockpile, to hoard

2) : to monopolize

* * *

acaparar vb to hoard

Spanish-English dictionary > acaparar
28 иметь вид

. проявляться в виде

•
The region has the aspect of an undulating plane.

•
The exact notation will look like:...

•
The reagents are in the form of solids, liquids, or gases.

•
The ammonium chloride formed appears as smoke or as a white deposit.

•
The total voltage applied to the plate has the appearance (or shape) shown in Fig. 2.

•
The resultant rf carrier appears as in Fig. 3.

•
The distribution of lattice modes is of the form ()dv.

•
The closure usually takes (or has) the form of a cap or plug.

•
In this case the equation takes the form:...

•
The expression for the axial convective transport is of the form of Fik's law.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > иметь вид
29 AT

I) prep.

A. with dative.

I. Of motion;

1) towards, against;

Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;

hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;

2) close atup to;

Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;

þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;

3) to, at;

koma at landi, to come to land;

ganga at dómi, to go into court;

4) along (= eptir);

ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;

dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;

refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;

5) denoting hostility;

renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;

gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;

6) around;

vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;

bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;

7) denoting business, engagement;

ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;

fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.

II. Of position, &c.;

1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;

at kirkju, at church;

at dómi, in court;

at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;

2) denoting participation in;

vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;

vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;

3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;

kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;

var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;

4) with proper names of places (farms);

konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;

biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;

at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;

5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;

at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;

at Marðar, at Mara’s home;

at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;

at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).

III. Of time;

1) at, in;

at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;

at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;

at páskum, at Easter;

at kveldi, at eventide;

at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;

at fjöru, at the ebb;

at flœðum, at the floodtide;

2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;

at ári komanda, next year;

at vári, er kemr, next spring;

generally with ‘komanda’ understood;

at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;

3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;

at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;

at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;

at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;

at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;

at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;

at honum önduðum, after his death;

4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;

hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;

skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;

at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.

IV. fig. and in various uses;

1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;

brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;

verða at ormi, to become a snake;

2) for, as;

gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;

eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;

3) by;

taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;

draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;

kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;

4) as regards as to;

auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;

vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;

5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;

ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;

6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;

faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);

aðili at sök = aðili sakar;

7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;

hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;

mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;

tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;

kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;

8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;

Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);

þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;

hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;

9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);

at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;

at landslögum, by the law of the land;

at vánum, as was to be expected;

at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;

10) in adverbial phrases;

gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;

bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;

at fullu, fully;

at vísu, surely;

at frjálsu, freely;

at eilífu, for ever and ever;

at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;

at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;

at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.

B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);

sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;

eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;

at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;

connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;

at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.

II)

1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;

at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;

2) in an objective sense;

hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;

gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;

3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).

III)

1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;

hón grét at meir, she wept the more;

þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;

þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;

2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);

þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;

sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.

IV)

conj., that;

1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;

þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;

vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;

2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;

svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;

3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);

4) since, because, as (= því at);

5) connected with þó, því, svá;

þó at (with subj.), though, although;

því at, because, for;

svá at, so that;

6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;

þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;

þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;

áðr at (= á. en), before;

7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;

Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;

in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.

V)

negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.

VI)

n. an incited conflict or fight ( see etja);

odda at, Yggs at, battle.

* * *

1.

and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.

Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.

WITH DAT.

A. LOC.

I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:

1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.

2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.

3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)

4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.

5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.

β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.

6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.

β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.

γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.

7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.

β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.

8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.

β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.

II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.

2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.

3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:

α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.

β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.

γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.

4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.

5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.

6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.

β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.

γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.

7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.

B. TEMP.

I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.

II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.

β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.

III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:

1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,

2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.

IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:

1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.

2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.

3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.

V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.

2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.

C. METAPH. and in various cases:

I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:

α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.

β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.

II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.

2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.

III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.

IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.

2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)

3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.

4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.

5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.

6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.

β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.

V. denoting the source of a thing:

1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.

2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.

VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.

VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.

VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.

β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.

IX. following many words:

1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.

β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …

γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.

δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.

2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.

3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.

WITH ACC.

TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.

☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.

2.

and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.

I. it is used either,

1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,

2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.

β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).

3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.

II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:

α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.

β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.

γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.

δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.

ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.

ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.

η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.

θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.

3.

and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.

I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.

II. it is used,

1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.

2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.

β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.

γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.

III. used in connection with conjunctions,

1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.

α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.

β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.

γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.

2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.

IV. as a relat. conj.:

1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.

2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.

V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.

4.

and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.

5.

n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.

β. a fight or bait of wild animals, esp. of horses, v. hesta-at and etja.

6.

the negative verbal suffix, v. -a.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AT
30 иметь вид

. проявляться в виде

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The region has the aspect of an undulating plane.

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The exact notation will look like:...

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The reagents are in the form of solids, liquids, or gases.

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The ammonium chloride formed appears as smoke or as a white deposit.

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The total voltage applied to the plate has the appearance (or shape) shown in Fig. 2.

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The resultant rf carrier appears as in Fig. 3.

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The distribution of lattice modes is of the form ()dv.

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The closure usually takes (or has) the form of a cap or plug.

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In this case the equation takes the form:...

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The expression for the axial convective transport is of the form of Fik's law.

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > иметь вид
31 draufhaben

v/t (unreg., trennb., hat -ge-) umg.

1. (Sprüche, Masche, Technik) have s.th. at one’s fingertips, have s.th. off (Am. down) pat; technisch hat er nichts draufhaben he hasn’t got a clue about technical things; sie hat was draufhaben she’s really good, she’s got what it takes; fachlich: she knows her stuff; (ist gut in Form) she’s in top form; das hab ich nicht draufhaben I can’t do that, I don’t know that

2. Geschwindigkeit: 100 Sachen / einen ordentlichen Zahn draufhaben be doing a ton / a fair speed

* * *
drauf|ha|ben
vt sep (inf)
Sprüche, Antwort to come out with
er hat es drauf — he knows his stuff (inf)

jetzt hat sie es endlich drauf — she's finally got it

zeigen, was man draufhat — to show what one is made of

den Chauvi dráúfhaben — to be a real chauvinist

schwer was dráúfhaben (sl) — to know one's stuff (inf) or onions (Brit inf)

160 Sachen dráúfhaben (inf) — to be doing 160

* * *

drauf|ha·ben

vt irreg (fam)

1. (Kenntnisse haben)

▪ etwas/nichts/viel \draufhaben to know sth/nothing/a lot

sie hat zwar nicht so viel drauf, dafür ist sie ein herzensguter Mensch she may not be all that bright [or fam have that much up top], but she's a good-hearted soul

2. (von sich geben)

▪ etw \draufhaben to come out with sth

dumme Sprüche \draufhaben to make [or BRIT a. come out with] stupid remarks

Witze \draufhaben to tell jokes

sie hat immer einen flotten Spruch drauf she's always ready with a smart remark [or full of smart remarks]

* * *

draufhaben v/t (irr, trennb, hat -ge-) umg

1. (Sprüche, Masche, Technik) have sth at one’s fingertips, have sth off (US down) pat;

technisch hat er nichts drauf he hasn’t got a clue about technical things;

sie hat was drauf she’s really good, she’s got what it takes; fachlich: she knows her stuff; (ist gut in Form) she’s in top form;

das hab ich nicht drauf I can’t do that, I don’t know that

2. Geschwindigkeit:

100 Sachen/einen ordentlichen Zahn draufhaben be doing a ton/a fair speed

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > draufhaben
32 Ruhe

f; -, kein Pl.

1. (Stille) silence, peace (and quiet); sich (Dat) Ruheverschaffen make everyone be quiet; Ruhe! (be) quiet!, silence!, order!; Ruhe, bitte! quiet, please; gib doch endlich Ruhe! can’t you be quiet?; (auch: hör auf damit) give over (Am. cut it out), will you; es herrschte absolute Ruhe there wasn’t a sound to be heard; unter Zuhörern etc.: there was dead silence; zur Ruhe bringen quiet(en) down, still, silence; (beruhigen) calm (down), hush; Ruhe vor dem Sturm lull ( oder calm) before the storm

2. (Friede) peace; Ruhe und Ordnung law and order; Ruhe und ( inneren) Frieden ( wiederherstellen) (restore) peace and tranquility

3. (Entspannung, Erholung) rest; zur Ruhe kommen Pendel etc.: come to rest; Person: settle down; sie braucht ( jetzt) Ruhe she needs rest ( Stille: peace and quiet); er gönnt mir keine Ruhe he doesn’t give me a minute’s rest, he keeps me going nonstop umg.; sich zur Ruhe setzen retire, go into retirement; jemanden zur letzten Ruhe betten geh., euph. lay s.o. to rest; ewige Ruhe geh., euph. eternal rest ( oder peace); der arme Mann hat jetzt Ruhe (ist tot) the poor man is now at rest; jetzt hat die liebe Seele Ruh’ umg. peace and quiet at last

4. innere: auch peace of mind; (Gelassenheit) calm, composure, coolness; (Geduld) patience; (Gemächlichkeit) leisureliness; ( sie sagte mir) in aller Ruhe (she told me) (very) calmly; überleg es dir in aller Ruhe take your time over ( oder about) it; Ruhe bewahren (sich nicht aufregen) keep one’s composure ( oder cool); (still sein) keep quiet; Ruhe ausstrahlen radiate calm; sich nicht aus der Ruhe bringen lassen keep one’s composure, not get worked up; nichts bringt ihn aus der Ruhe nothing upsets him; er hat die Ruhe weg umg. he’s unflappable; (trödelt) he certainly takes his time; immer mit der Ruhe!, nur die Ruhe! umg. (take it) easy!; warnend: easy does it!, keep your shirt on!; er kann keine Ruhe finden he just won’t calm down; (kann nicht schlafen) he can’t (get to) sleep; sich zur Ruhe begeben förm. retire (to bed oder to rest); angenehme Ruhe! sleep well; er war die Ruhe selbst he was as calm as could be, he was as cool as a cucumber umg.; Ruhe haben vor (+ Dat) be unmolested by, be no longer bothered by

5. lass mich in Ruhe! leave me alone; lass mich damit in Ruhe! I don’t want to hear about it, don’t bother me about that; er lässt mir keine Ruhe he does not give me any peace; er lässt sie nicht in Ruhe he keeps pestering her; Kind: auch he gives her no peace; lasst den Computer in Ruhe! umg. stop messing about with the computer; es ließ ihm keine Ruhe he couldn’t stop thinking about it, it haunted him, it preyed on his mind

* * *

die Ruhe

ease; quiescence; stillness; tranquility; peace; quiet; calmness; calm; rest; silence; sereneness; quietness; reposefulness; restfulness; quietude; repose; serenity; tranquillity

* * *
Ru|he ['ruːə]
f -,
no pl
1) (= Schweigen, Stille) quiet, silence

Rúhe! — quiet!, silence!

Rúhe, bitte! — quiet, please

gebt Rúhe! — be quiet!

ihr sollt Rúhe geben! — once and for all: (will you) be quiet!

jdn zur Rúhe ermahnen — to tell sb to be quiet

Rúhe verschaffen — to get quiet or silence

es herrscht Rúhe — all is silent, silence reigns (liter); (fig

Rúhe halten (lit, fig) — to keep quiet or silent

die Rúhe der Natur — the stillness of nature

himmlische Rúhe — heavenly peace

Rúhe und Frieden — peace and quiet

in Rúhe und Abgeschiedenheit — in peaceful seclusion

die Rúhe vor dem Sturm (fig) — the calm before the storm

2) (= Ungestörtheit, Frieden) peace, quiet; (= Ruhestätte) resting place

Rúhe ausstrahlen — to radiate a sense of calm

in Rúhe und Frieden leben — to live a quiet life

Rúhe und Ordnung — law and order

nach tagelangen Krawallen ist wieder Rúhe eingekehrt — after days of rioting, order or calm has returned

Rúhe ist die erste Bürgerpflicht (prov) — the main thing is to keep calm

die Rúhe wiederherstellen — to restore order

ich brauche meine Rúhe — I need a bit of peace

lass mich in Rúhe! — leave me in peace, stop bothering me

ich will meine Rúhe haben! — leave or let me alone or be

dann hat die liebe Seele Ruh (prov) — then perhaps we'll get a bit of peace

vor jdm Rúhe haben wollen — to want a rest from sb; (endgültig) to want to get or be rid of sb

jdm keine Rúhe lassen or gönnen (Mensch) — not to give sb any peace

keine Rúhe geben — to keep on and on

das lässt ihm keine Rúhe — he can't stop thinking about it

zur Rúhe kommen — to get some peace

jdn zur Rúhe kommen lassen — to give sb a chance to rest

keine Rúhe finden (können) —

jdn zur letzten or ewigen Rúhe betten (liter) — to lay sb to rest (liter)

die letzte Rúhe finden (liter) — to be laid to rest (liter)

3) (= Erholung) rest, repose (liter); (= Ruhestand) retirement; (= Stillstand) rest

der Patient braucht viel Rúhe — the patient needs a great deal of rest

das Pendel befindet sich in Rúhe — the pendulum is stationary

jdm keine Rúhe gönnen — not to give sb a minute's rest

zur Rúhe gehen — to retire (to bed) (form)

angenehme Rúhe! — sleep well!

sich zur Rúhe setzen — to retire

4) (= Gelassenheit) calm(ness); (= Disziplin) quiet, order

die Rúhe weghaben (inf) — to be unflappable (inf)

Rúhe bewahren — to keep calm

die Rúhe selbst sein — to be calmness itself

jdn aus der Rúhe bringen — to throw sb (inf)

sich nicht aus der Rúhe bringen lassen, nicht aus der Rúhe zu bringen sein — not to (let oneself) get worked up

in aller Rúhe — calmly

er trank noch in aller Rúhe seinen Kaffee — he drank his coffee as if he had all the time in the world

überlege es dir in (aller) Rúhe — take your time and think about it

etw in Rúhe ansehen — to look at sth in one's own time

immer mit der Rúhe (inf) — don't panic

* * *

die

1) ((a period of) absence of wind and large waves.) calm

2) (peace and quiet: He enjoyed the calm of the library.) calm

3) calmness

4) placidness

5) (a state, atmosphere, period of time etc which is quiet: In the quiet of the night; All I want is peace and quiet.) quiet

6) (rest; calm; peacefulness.) repose

7) (sleep: He needs a good night's rest.) rest

8) tranquillity

* * *

Ru·he

<->

[ˈru:ə]

f kein pl

1. (Stille) quiet no art, no pl, silence no art, no pl

\Ruhe [bitte]! quiet [or silence] [please]!

es herrscht \Ruhe all is quiet

im Raum herrschte absolute \Ruhe there was dead silence [or a complete hush] in the room

für diese Arbeit brauche ich absolute \Ruhe I need absolute quiet for this work

[einen Moment] um \Ruhe bitten to ask for [a moment's] silence

jdn um \Ruhe bitten to ask sb to be quiet

jdn zur \Ruhe ermahnen to tell sb to be quiet

\Ruhe geben to be quiet

gebt \Ruhe! be quiet!

ihr sollt endlich \Ruhe geben! once and for all, [will you] be quiet!

meinst du, dass die Kleinen \Ruhe geben, wenn ich ihnen eine Geschichte vorlese? do you think the kids will settle down when I read them a story?

\Ruhe halten to keep quiet

himmlische \Ruhe heavenly peace

2. (Ungestörtheit) peace no art, no pl

ich möchte jetzt meine \Ruhe haben! I should like [to have] some peace [and quiet] now!

ich brauche \Ruhe bei meiner Arbeit I need some peace and quiet while I'm working

in \Ruhe und Abgeschiedenheit in peaceful seclusion

in \Ruhe und Frieden in peace and quiet

[keine] \Ruhe geben to [not] stop pestering; (nicht nachgeben) to [not] give up

hier hast du 10 Euro, aber nun gib auch \Ruhe! here's ten euros, but now stop bothering me!

vor jdm \Ruhe haben to not be bothered by sb

vor jdm \Ruhe haben wollen to want a rest from sb; (endgültig) to want to get rid of sb

jdn [mit etw dat] in \Ruhe lassen to leave sb in peace [with sth]

lass mich in \Ruhe! leave me in peace!, stop bothering me!

\Ruhe und Ordnung law and order + sing vb

für \Ruhe und Ordnung sorgen to uphold [or preserve] law and order

\Ruhe und Ordnung wiederherstellen to restore law and order

3. (Erholung) rest

der Patient braucht jetzt viel \Ruhe the patient needs a great deal of rest now

die drei Stunden \Ruhe haben mir gutgetan the three hours' rest has done me good

angenehme \Ruhe! (geh) sleep well!

sich akk zur \Ruhe begeben (geh) to retire [to bed] form

keine \Ruhe finden können to not be able to find any peace of mind

jdm keine \Ruhe gönnen [o lassen] to not give sb a minute's peace

sich dat keine \Ruhe gönnen to not allow oneself any rest

zur \Ruhe kommen to get to some peace; (solide werden) to settle down

jdn zur \Ruhe kommen lassen to give sb a chance to rest

jdn nicht zur \Ruhe kommen lassen to give sb no peace

jdm keine \Ruhe lassen to not give sb a moment's rest

die nächtliche \Ruhe stören to disturb the nocturnal peace

4. (Gelassenheit) calm[ness] no pl, composure

\Ruhe ausstrahlen to radiate calmness

[die] \Ruhe bewahren to keep calm [or fam one's cool]

jdn aus der \Ruhe bringen to disconcert [or BRIT fam wind up sep] sb

er ist durch nichts aus der \Ruhe zu bringen nothing can wind him up

sich akk [von jdm/etw] nicht aus der \Ruhe bringen lassen, [von jdm/etw] nicht aus der \Ruhe zu bringen sein to not let oneself get worked up [by sb/sth]

immer mit der \Ruhe! (fam) take things easy!, don't panic!; (keine Eile) no need to rush!

in [aller] \Ruhe [really] calmly

überlegen Sie es sich in aller \Ruhe think about it calmly

lesen Sie sich den Vertrag in aller \Ruhe durch read through the contract calmly and in your own time

ich muss mir das in [aller] \Ruhe überlegen I must have a quiet think about it

sie trank noch in aller \Ruhe ihren Tee aus she drank her tea as if she had all the time in the world

jdm keine \Ruhe lassen to not give sb any peace

der Gedanke lässt mir keine \Ruhe I can't stop thinking about it

die \Ruhe selbst sein to be calmness itself

die \Ruhe verlieren to lose one's composure

die \Ruhe weg haben (fam) to be unflappable

5. (Stillstand) rest

das Pendel ist in \Ruhe the pendulum is stationary

das Rad ist zur \Ruhe gekommen the wheel has stopped turning

6.

▶ \Ruhe ist die erste Bürgerpflicht (prov veraltet) orderly behaviour is the first duty of the citizen; (hum) the main thing is to keep calm

▶ die ewige \Ruhe (geh) eternal rest

▶ keine \Ruhe geben, bis... to not rest until...

▶ jdn zur letzten \Ruhe betten (geh) to lay sb to rest

▶ die letzte \Ruhe finden (geh) to be laid to rest

▶ sich akk zur \Ruhe setzen to retire

▶ die \Ruhe vor dem Sturm the calm before the storm; s.a. Seele

* * *

die; Ruhe

1) (Stille) silence

Ruhe [bitte]! — quiet or silence [please]!

jemanden um Ruhe bitten — ask somebody to be quiet

Ruhe geben — be quiet

2) (Ungestörtheit) peace

in Ruhe [und Frieden] — in peace [and quiet]

die [öffentliche] Ruhe wiederherstellen — restore [law and] order

jemanden in Ruhe lassen — leave somebody in peace

jemanden mit etwas in Ruhe lassen — stop bothering somebody with something

keine Ruhe geben — not stop pestering; (nicht nachgeben) not give up; (weiter protestieren) go on protesting

3) (Unbewegtheit) rest

zur Ruhe kommen — come to rest

4) (Erholung, das Sichausruhen) rest no def. art.

angenehme Ruhe — (geh.) sleep well

sich zur Ruhe begeben — (geh.) retire [to bed]

sich zur Ruhe setzen — (in den Ruhestand treten) take one's retirement; retire (in + Dat. to)

5) (Gelassenheit) calm[ness]; composure

er ist die Ruhe selbst — (ugs.) he is calmness itself

[die] Ruhe bewahren/die Ruhe verlieren — keep calm/lose one's composure; keep/lose one's cool (coll.)

in [aller] Ruhe — [really] calmly

die Ruhe weghaben — (ugs.) be completely unflappable (coll.)

immer mit der Ruhe! — (nur keine Panik) don't panic!; (nichts überstürzen) no need to rush

* * *

Ruhe f; -, kein pl

1. (Stille) silence, peace (and quiet);

sich (dat)

Ruheverschaffen make everyone be quiet;

Ruhe! (be) quiet!, silence!, order!;

Ruhe, bitte! quiet, please;

gib doch endlich Ruhe! can’t you be quiet?; (auch: hör auf damit) give over (US cut it out), will you;

es herrschte absolute Ruhe there wasn’t a sound to be heard; unter Zuhörern etc: there was dead silence;

zur Ruhe bringen quiet(en) down, still, silence; (beruhigen) calm (down), hush;

Ruhe vor dem Sturm lull ( oder calm) before the storm

2. (Friede) peace;

Ruhe und Ordnung law and order;

Ruhe und (inneren) Frieden (wiederherstellen) (restore) peace and tranquility

3. (Entspannung, Erholung) rest;

zur Ruhe kommen Pendel etc: come to rest; Person: settle down;

sie braucht (jetzt) Ruhe she needs rest ( Stille: peace and quiet);

er gönnt mir keine Ruhe he doesn’t give me a minute’s rest, he keeps me going nonstop umg;

sich zur Ruhe setzen retire, go into retirement;

jemanden zur letzten Ruhe betten geh, euph lay sb to rest;

ewige Ruhe geh, euph eternal rest ( oder peace);

der arme Mann hat jetzt Ruhe (ist tot) the poor man is now at rest;

jetzt hat die liebe Seele Ruh’ umg peace and quiet at last

4. innere: auch peace of mind; (Gelassenheit) calm, composure, coolness; (Geduld) patience; (Gemächlichkeit) leisureliness;

(sie sagte mir) in aller Ruhe (she told me) (very) calmly;

überleg es dir in aller Ruhe take your time over ( oder about) it;

Ruhe bewahren (sich nicht aufregen) keep one’s composure ( oder cool); (still sein) keep quiet;

Ruhe ausstrahlen radiate calm;

sich nicht aus der Ruhe bringen lassen keep one’s composure, not get worked up;

nichts bringt ihn aus der Ruhe nothing upsets him;

er hat die Ruhe weg umg he’s unflappable; (trödelt) he certainly takes his time;

immer mit der Ruhe!, nur die Ruhe! umg (take it) easy!; warnend: easy does it!, keep your shirt on!;

er kann keine Ruhe finden he just won’t calm down; (kann nicht schlafen) he can’t (get to) sleep;

sich zur Ruhe begeben form retire (to bed oder to rest);

angenehme Ruhe! sleep well;

er war die Ruhe selbst he was as calm as could be, he was as cool as a cucumber umg;

Ruhe haben vor (+dat) be unmolested by, be no longer bothered by

5.

lass mich in Ruhe! leave me alone;

lass mich damit in Ruhe! I don’t want to hear about it, don’t bother me about that;

er lässt mir keine Ruhe he does not give me any peace;

er lässt sie nicht in Ruhe he keeps pestering her; Kind: auch he gives her no peace;

lasst den Computer in Ruhe! umg stop messing about with the computer;

es ließ ihm keine Ruhe he couldn’t stop thinking about it, it haunted him, it preyed on his mind

* * *

die; Ruhe

1) (Stille) silence

Ruhe [bitte]! — quiet or silence [please]!

jemanden um Ruhe bitten — ask somebody to be quiet

Ruhe geben — be quiet

2) (Ungestörtheit) peace

in Ruhe [und Frieden] — in peace [and quiet]

die [öffentliche] Ruhe wiederherstellen — restore [law and] order

jemanden in Ruhe lassen — leave somebody in peace

jemanden mit etwas in Ruhe lassen — stop bothering somebody with something

keine Ruhe geben — not stop pestering; (nicht nachgeben) not give up; (weiter protestieren) go on protesting

3) (Unbewegtheit) rest

zur Ruhe kommen — come to rest

4) (Erholung, das Sichausruhen) rest no def. art.

angenehme Ruhe — (geh.) sleep well

sich zur Ruhe begeben — (geh.) retire [to bed]

sich zur Ruhe setzen — (in den Ruhestand treten) take one's retirement; retire (in + Dat. to)

5) (Gelassenheit) calm[ness]; composure

er ist die Ruhe selbst — (ugs.) he is calmness itself

[die] Ruhe bewahren/die Ruhe verlieren — keep calm/lose one's composure; keep/lose one's cool (coll.)

in [aller] Ruhe — [really] calmly

die Ruhe weghaben — (ugs.) be completely unflappable (coll.)

immer mit der Ruhe! — (nur keine Panik) don't panic!; (nichts überstürzen) no need to rush

* * *

nur sing. f.

calm n.

ease n.

peace n.

quiescence n.

quietness n.

quietude n.

rest n.

restfulness n.

serenity n.

silence n.

tranquility n.

tranquillity n.

tranquilness n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Ruhe
33 Nehmen

v/t; nimmt, nahm, hat genommen

1. ([er]greifen, an sich bringen) take; (in Empfang nehmen) receive; (jemanden einstellen) take s.o.; (kaufen) take; in die Hand / unter den Arm nehmen take in one’s hand / put under one’s arm; etw. an sich nehmen take s.th.; zu sich nehmen (Person) take s.o. in; Gott hat sie zu sich genommen geh. euph. God has called her home; sich (Dat) eine Frau oder einen Mann nehmen (heiraten) umg. take a wife oder a husband; woher nehmen und nicht stehlen? hum. where (on earth) am I supposed to get hold of that ( oder them etc.)?; auf sich nehmen undertake, take upon o.s., (Amt, Bürde) assume, (Verantwortung) accept, take; die Folgen auf sich nehmen bear the consequences; er nahm sie mit Gewalt fig. he took her by force

2. (wegnehmen) take; (sich aneignen) take away; (rauben) deprive of hope, rights etc.; jemandem die Angst etc. nehmen take away s.o.’s fear etc.; jemandem die Sicht nehmen block s.o.’s view; das nimmt der Sache den oder jeden Reiz that spoils it, that takes the fun out of it; der Krieg hat ihr den Mann genommen she lost her husband in the war; das lasse ich mir nicht nehmen I won’t be done out of that; (ich bin davon überzeugt) nobody’s going to talk me out of that; er lässt es sich nicht nehmen zu... he insists on... (+ Ger.)

3. (essen) have; zu sich nehmen have; ich habe den ganzen Tag noch nichts zu mir genommen I haven’t had anything to eat or drink all day; nehmen Sie noch Tee? will you have some more tea?; ich nehme Hühnchen mit Reis I’ll have chicken with rice; einen nehmen umg. (Schnaps) have one; nehmen Sie doch noch einen go on, have another one

4. Medizin etc.: take; Drogen nehmen take drugs; Pille

5. (benutzen) use; (sich bedienen) help o.s. to; (Beförderungsmittel) take; (in Anspruch nehmen) (Anwalt etc.) take, get (hold of); man nehme Rezept: take

6. (bewältigen) (Hindernis) take, clear; MOT. (Kurve, Steigung) take, negotiate

7. (auffassen): wörtlich nehmen take literally; nimm’s nicht so tragisch umg. don’t take it to heart

8. (sich vorstellen): nehmen wir den Fall, dass let’s assume that, suppose that; nehmen wir einen Dichter wie Shakespeare let’s take a poet such as Shakespeare

9. (behandeln, umgehen mit): jemanden zu nehmen wissen know how to handle s.o.; er versteht es, die Kunden richtig zu nehmen he has a way with customers; du musst ihn nehmen, wie er ist you have to take him as he is

10. (betrachten): du darfst das nicht wörtlich nehmen you shouldn’t take it literally; wie man’s nimmt it depends

11. SPORT (foulen): jemanden hart nehmen commit a blatant foul on s.o.

12. MIL. take, capture; nach langer Belagerung nahmen sie die Stadt they took the city after a long siege

13. auf Band / Videokassette nehmen tape / record on video

14. (als Zahlung fordern) charge, take

* * *

to take; to lay hold of

* * *
neh|men ['neːmən] pret nahm [naːm] ptp geno\#mmen [gə'nɔmən]
vti

1) (= ergreifen) to take

etw in die Hand néhmen (lit) — to pick sth up; (fig) to take sth in hand

2) (= wegnehmen) to take; Schmerz to take away, to relieve; (= versperren) Blick, Sicht to block

jdm etw néhmen — to take sth (away) from sb

jdm die Hoffnung/den Glauben/die Freude néhmen — to take away sb's hope/faith/joy, to rob or deprive sb of his hope/faith/joy

um ihm die Angst zu néhmen — to stop him being afraid

ihm sind seine Illusionen genommen worden — his illusions were shattered

nicht néhmen, mich persönlich hinauszubegleiten — he insisted on showing me out himself

diesen Erfolg lasse ich mir nicht néhmen — I won't be robbed of this success

woher néhmen und nicht stehlen? (inf) — where on earth am I going to find any/one etc?

nichts (inf) — there's nothing to choose between them, one's as good as the other

vom Brot/Fleisch néhmen — to help oneself to bread/meat

néhmen Sie sich doch bitte! — please help yourself

3) (= benutzen) Auto, Zug etc to take; Bürste, Zutaten, Farbe to use

man nehme... (Cook) — take...

etw néhmen (Zimmer, Wohnung) — to take sth

einen Anwalt/eine Hilfe néhmen — to get a lawyer/some help

4) (= annehmen) Geschenk, Stelle, Bewerber, Anwalt to take; (= berechnen) to charge

was néhmen Sie dafür? — how much will you take for it?

jdn zu sich néhmen — to take sb in

Gott hat ihn zu sich genommen (euph) — he has been called home to his maker

etw néhmen, wie es kommt — to take sth as it comes

jdn néhmen, wie er ist — to take sb as he is

néhmen — to take sth upon oneself

er ist immer der Nehmende — he does all the taking, with him it's just take take take (inf)

die Nehmenden und die Gebenden — the takers and the givers

5) (= einnehmen) to take; Essen to have, to take

sie nimmt Rauschgift/die Pille — she's on drugs/the pill, she takes drugs/the pill

etw zu sich néhmen — to take sth, to partake of sth (liter)

der Patient hat nichts zu sich néhmen können — the patient has been unable to take nourishment

6) (= auffassen) to take; (= behandeln) to handle, to treat

wenn Sie das so néhmen wollen — if you care or choose to take it that way

etw für ein or als Zeichen néhmen — to take sth as a sign or an omen

wie mans nimmt (inf) — depending on your point of view

wissen, wie man jdn néhmen muss or soll — to know how to take sb

7) (= auswählen) to take; Essen, Menü to have, to take

einen Mann/eine Frau néhmen — to take a husband/wife

8) Hürde, Festung, Stadt, Frau to take; Schwierigkeiten to overcome

das Auto nahm den Berg im dritten Gang — the car took the hill in third gear

* * *

1) (to do or take: I'll have a drink; Let me have a try.) have

2) ((often with down, out etc) to reach out for and grasp, hold, lift, pull etc: He took my hand; He took the book down from the shelf; He opened the drawer and took out a gun; I've had a tooth taken out.) take

3) (to get, receive, buy, rent etc: I'm taking French lessons; I'll take three kilos of strawberries; We took a house in London.) take

4) (to travel by (bus etc): I'm taking the next train to London; I took a taxi.) take

5) (to remove, use, occupy etc with or without permission: Someone's taken my coat; He took all my money.) take

6) (to consider (as an example): Take John for example.) take

7) ((often with away, from, off) to make less or smaller by a certain amount: Take (away) four from ten, and that leaves six.) take

8) (to go down or go into (a road): Take the second road on the left.) take

* * *

neh·men

<nahm, genommen>

[ˈne:mən]

vt

1. (greifen)

▪ [sich dat] etw \nehmen to take sth; (sich bedienen) to help oneself to sth

jdn am Arm/an der Hand \nehmen to take sb's arm/hand [or sb by the arm/hand]

etw in die Hand \nehmen to take sth in one's hand

2. (besitzen)

▪ [sich dat] etw \nehmen to take sth; SCHACH to take [or capture] sth

▪ \nehmen, was... to take what...

3. (heiraten)

▪ [sich dat] jdn \nehmen to marry sb

sie wird keiner \nehmen! nobody'll want to marry her!, she'll never get a man!

[sich dat] eine Frau/einen Mann \nehmen to take a wife/husband

4. (annehmen)

▪ etw \nehmen to accept [or take] sth

nimmst du ein Bier? do you want a beer?

\nehmen Sie bitte meinen Dank (geh) please accept my gratitude

5. (stehlen)

▪ [jdm] etw \nehmen to take [sb's] sth

man hat [uns] alles genommen they took everything, we were cleaned out fam

▪ [jdm] jdn \nehmen (fig)

die Flut/der Krieg nahm ihr den Sohn she lost her son to the flood/in the war

Gott hat sie zu sich genommen God has taken her to [or old unto] Himself

6. (entziehen)

▪ [jdm/etw] etw \nehmen to take [away sep] sth from sb/sth, to take [away sep] sb's/sth's sth

das nimmt der Sache das ganz Interessante daran that takes all the interest out of the matter

jdm Angst/Bedenken \nehmen to take away [or ease] sb's fear/doubts

jdm Freude/Glück/Hoffnung/Spaß \nehmen to take away sb's [or to rob [or deprive] sb of their] joy/happiness/hope/fun

jdm alle Illusionen \nehmen to disillusion sb

jdm die Sicht \nehmen to block sb's view

7. (befreien)

▪ etw [von jdm] \nehmen to take [away sep] [sb's] sth, to relieve sb of his/her sth

8. (nutzen)

▪ etw [für etw akk/in etw akk] \nehmen:

nimm nicht so viel Salz don't use so much salt

man nehme: 6 Eier, 100 Gramm Zucker,... take 6 eggs, 100 grams of sugar,...

Milch/Zucker in den Tee \nehmen to take milk/sugar in one's tea

einen anderen Weg \nehmen (fig) to take a different path

Werkzeug \nehmen to use tools

▪ etw als etw \nehmen to use sth as sth

▪ etw von etw dat \nehmen to use sth from sth

davon braucht man nur ganz wenig zu \nehmen you only need to use a small amount

9. (bei sich bringen)

▪ jdn/etw irgendwohin \nehmen to take [or put] sb/sth somewhere

ein Kind auf den Schoß \nehmen to take [or sit] a child on one's lap

jdn in die Mitte \nehmen to take sb in one's midst

jdn/etw auf die Schultern \nehmen to take [or put] sb/sth on one's shoulders, to shoulder sth

▪ jdn/etw an sich akk \nehmen to take sb/sth; (aufheben) to pick [or take] up sb/sth sep; (aufbewahren) to take charge of sth; (jdn aufnehmen) to take sb in one's charge

10. (laden)

▪ etw \nehmen Schiff to take on [or be loaded with] sth

11. (herausbringen)

▪ jdn/etw aus etw dat \nehmen to take sb/sth out of sth

▪ jdn/etw von etw dat \nehmen to take sb/sth from [or off] sth

nimm die Finger davon! take your fingers off!

den Hut vom Kopf \nehmen to take off sep one's hat

12. (weigern)

sein Kind aus der Schule \nehmen to stop one's child from going to school

13. (engagieren)

▪ [sich dat] jdn \nehmen to get sb

14. TRANSP (benutzen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

heute nehme ich das Auto/die Bahn/den Bus I'll take the car/train/bus [or go by car/train/bus] today

15. (wählen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

▪ jdn [als jdn] \nehmen to take sb [as sb]

16. (unterbringen)

▪ jdn ins Haus [o zu sich dat] \nehmen to take in sb sep; Verwandte to have sb come and live with one

17. (beanspruchen)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

18. (fordern)

▪ etw [für etw akk] \nehmen to want sth [for sth]; Verkäufer a. to ask [or charge] sth for sth

\nehmen Sie sonst noch was? would you like anything else?

19. (geh: verzehren)

▪ etw [zu sich dat] \nehmen to have [or drink/eat] sth, to partake of sth form

das Abendmahl \nehmen to receive Communion

das Frühstück \nehmen to eat [or have] [or take] breakfast, to breakfast

20. (Medikament)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth; (regelmäßig a.) to be on sth

21. (verstehen)

▪ etw als etw \nehmen to take sth as [or to be] sth

22. (bewerten)

jdn ernst \nehmen to take sb seriously

etw ernst/wörtlich \nehmen to take sth seriously/literally

etw tragisch \nehmen (fam) to take sth to heart

23. DIAL (verkennen)

▪ jdn für jdn \nehmen to take [or mistake] sb for sb

24. (akzeptieren)

jdn/etw [so] \nehmen, wie er/sie/es ist to take sb/sth as he/she/it is

etw \nehmen, wie es kommt to take sth as it comes

die Dinger \nehmen, wie sie kommen to take things as they come

25. (denken)

▪ jdn/etw \nehmen to take sb/sth

\nehmen wir den Fall, dass... let's assume [that]...

26. (umgehen)

jdn/etw zu \nehmen wissen, wissen, wie man jdn/etw \nehmen muss to know how to take sb/sth

▪ jdn wie jdn \nehmen to treat sb like sb

27. (überwinden)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

28. MIL (erobern)

▪ etw \nehmen to take sth

29. (koitieren)

▪ jdn \nehmen to take sb

30. (mitschneiden)

▪ etw auf etw akk \nehmen to record sth on sth

etw auf Band \nehmen to record sth on tape, to tape sth

31. (fotografieren)

▪ etw auf etw akk \nehmen to take a picture [or photo] of sth on sth

32. (foulen)

jdn hart \nehmen to foul sb badly

33. SPORT (auffangen)

den Ball \nehmen to take the ball

einen Schlag \nehmen Boxer to take a punch

34. (mieten)

▪ sich dat etw \nehmen to take sth

35. siehe auch n

Abschrift \nehmen (form) to make a copy

etw in Arbeit \nehmen to start work on sth

eine gute Entwicklung \nehmen to develop well

seinen Rücktritt \nehmen to resign

Wohnung \nehmen (geh) to rent an apartment

36.

▶ etw an sich akk \nehmen, etw auf sich akk \nehmen to take sth upon oneself

die Schuld auf sich akk \nehmen to take the blame

▶ es auf sich akk \nehmen, etw zu tun to take it upon oneself to do sth

▶ einen \nehmen (fam) to have a drink

▶ sich dat etw nicht \nehmen lassen to not be robbed of sth

▶ es sich dat nicht \nehmen lassen, etw zu tun to insist on doing sth

▶ sie \nehmen sich dat nichts (fam) they're both the same [or as good/bad as each other]

▶ woher \nehmen und nicht stehlen? where on earth is one going to get that from?

▶ jdn nicht für voll \nehmen (fam) to not take sb seriously

▶ wie man's nimmt (fam) whatever [or how ever] you like

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb

1) take

etwas in die Hand/unter den Arm nehmen — take something in one's hand/take or put something under one's arm

etwas an sich (Akk.) nehmen — pick something up; (und aufbewahren) take charge of something

sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen — take something; (sich bedienen) help oneself to something

zu sich nehmen — take in < orphan>

sie nahm ihren Vater zu sich — she had her father come and live with her

auf sich (Akk.) nehmen — take on <responsibility, burden>; take < blame>

die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen — take things as they come

2) (wegnehmen)

jemandem/einer Sache etwas nehmen — deprive somebody/something of something

jemandem die Sicht/den Ausblick nehmen — block somebody's view

die Angst von jemandem nehmen — relieve somebody of his/her fear

es sich (Dat.) nicht nehmen lassen, etwas zu tun — not let anything stop one from doing something

3) (benutzen) use <ingredients, washing powder, wool, brush, knitting needles, etc.>

man nehme... — (in Rezepten) take...

den Zug/ein Taxi usw. nehmen — take the train/a taxi etc.

[sich (Dat.)] einen Anwalt usw. nehmen — get a lawyer etc.

4) (aussuchen) take

ich nehme die Pastete — I'll have the pâté

5) (in Anspruch nehmen) take <lessons, holiday, etc.>

6) (verlangen) charge

7) (einnehmen, essen) take <medicines, tablets, etc.>

etwas [Richtiges] zu sich nehmen — have something [decent] to eat

sie nimmt die Pille — she's taking or she's on the pill (coll.)

8) (auffassen) take ( als as)

etwas/jemanden ernst/etwas leicht nehmen — take something/somebody seriously/take something lightly

jemanden nicht für voll nehmen — (ugs.) not take somebody seriously

9) (behandeln) treat < person>

10) (überwinden, militärisch einnehmen) take <obstacle, bend, incline, village, bridgehead, etc.>; (fig.) take < woman>

11) (Sport) take < ball, punch>

einen Spieler hart nehmen — foul a player blatantly

* * *

Nehmen n; -s, kein pl:

er ist hart im Nehmen he can take a lot (of punishment); → Geben

* * *

unregelmäßiges transitives Verb

1) take

etwas in die Hand/unter den Arm nehmen — take something in one's hand/take or put something under one's arm

etwas an sich (Akk.) nehmen — pick something up; (und aufbewahren) take charge of something

sich (Dat.) etwas nehmen — take something; (sich bedienen) help oneself to something

zu sich nehmen — take in < orphan>

sie nahm ihren Vater zu sich — she had her father come and live with her

auf sich (Akk.) nehmen — take on <responsibility, burden>; take < blame>

die Dinge nehmen, wie sie kommen — take things as they come

2) (wegnehmen)

jemandem/einer Sache etwas nehmen — deprive somebody/something of something

jemandem die Sicht/den Ausblick nehmen — block somebody's view

die Angst von jemandem nehmen — relieve somebody of his/her fear

es sich (Dat.) nicht nehmen lassen, etwas zu tun — not let anything stop one from doing something

3) (benutzen) use <ingredients, washing powder, wool, brush, knitting needles, etc.>

man nehme... — (in Rezepten) take...

den Zug/ein Taxi usw. nehmen — take the train/a taxi etc.

[sich (Dat.)] einen Anwalt usw. nehmen — get a lawyer etc.

4) (aussuchen) take

ich nehme die Pastete — I'll have the pâté

5) (in Anspruch nehmen) take <lessons, holiday, etc.>

6) (verlangen) charge

7) (einnehmen, essen) take <medicines, tablets, etc.>

etwas [Richtiges] zu sich nehmen — have something [decent] to eat

sie nimmt die Pille — she's taking or she's on the pill (coll.)

8) (auffassen) take ( als as)

etwas/jemanden ernst/etwas leicht nehmen — take something/somebody seriously/take something lightly

jemanden nicht für voll nehmen — (ugs.) not take somebody seriously

9) (behandeln) treat < person>

10) (überwinden, militärisch einnehmen) take <obstacle, bend, incline, village, bridgehead, etc.>; (fig.) take < woman>

11) (Sport) take <ball, punch>

einen Spieler hart nehmen — foul a player blatantly

* * *

v.

(§ p.,pp.: nahm, genommen)

= to take v.

(§ p.,p.p.: took, taken) v.

to take v.

(§ p.,p.p.: took, taken)

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Nehmen
34 cuidadoso

adj.

careful, heedful, mindful, cautious.

* * *

cuidadoso

► adjetivo

1 (atento) careful

2 (celoso) cautious

* * *

(f. - cuidadosa)

adj.

careful

* * *

ADJ

1) (=atento) [persona, observación, estrategia] careful

es muy cuidadoso con sus cosas — he's very careful with his things

es muy cuidadoso de su aseo personal — he takes a lot of care over his personal hygiene

2) (=prudente) careful

hay que ser cuidadoso con gente así — you have to be careful with people like that

3) (=solícito) attentive

* * *

- sa adjetivo

a) < persona> careful

eres poco cuidadoso — you don't look after things

cuidadoso con algo — careful with something

b) <búsqueda/investigación> careful, thorough

* * *

= careful, thoughtful, delicate, scrupulous, parsimonious, fastidious.

Ex. The format of the description in an analytical entry requires careful consideration.

Ex. Production quotas, I believe, are antithetical to careful, thoughtful cataloging.

Ex. Despite the incompetence of most eighteenth-century block-makers, woodcuts never quite disappeared, and they returned to favour in the delicate form called 'wood-engraving' at the end of the hand-press period.

Ex. Happily the rules of quasi-facsimile are easily mastered; what is difficult is to observe them with scrupulous, undeviating accuracy.

Ex. He joked that he had to be 'very parsimonious, indeed very Scottish,' in his management of IFLA finances = Bromeó diciendo que tenía que ser "muy cuidadoso, de hecho muy escocés", en su administración de los fondos de la IFLA.

Ex. Some of them will be sufficiently bizarre to suit the most fastidious connoisseur of the present artifacts of civilization.

* * *

- sa adjetivo

a) < persona> careful

eres poco cuidadoso — you don't look after things

cuidadoso con algo — careful with something

b) <búsqueda/investigación> careful, thorough

* * *

= careful, thoughtful, delicate, scrupulous, parsimonious, fastidious.

Ex: The format of the description in an analytical entry requires careful consideration.

Ex: Production quotas, I believe, are antithetical to careful, thoughtful cataloging.

Ex: Despite the incompetence of most eighteenth-century block-makers, woodcuts never quite disappeared, and they returned to favour in the delicate form called 'wood-engraving' at the end of the hand-press period.

Ex: Happily the rules of quasi-facsimile are easily mastered; what is difficult is to observe them with scrupulous, undeviating accuracy.

Ex: He joked that he had to be 'very parsimonious, indeed very Scottish,' in his management of IFLA finances = Bromeó diciendo que tenía que ser "muy cuidadoso, de hecho muy escocés", en su administración de los fondos de la IFLA.

Ex: Some of them will be sufficiently bizarre to suit the most fastidious connoisseur of the present artifacts of civilization.

* * *

cuidadoso -sa

adjective

1 ‹persona› careful

no te lo presto porque eres muy poco cuidadoso I'm not going to lend it to you because you don't look after things

cuidadoso CON algo careful WITH sth

tienes que ser más cuidadoso con tus juguetes you have to be more careful with your toys, you have to take better care of your toys o look after your toys better

cuidadoso DE algo:

es muy cuidadoso de su apariencia he takes great care over his appearance

es muy cuidadoso de los detalles he pays great attention to detail

2 ‹búsqueda/investigación› careful, thorough

* * *

cuidadoso
◊ -sa adjetivo

a) ‹ persona› careful;

cuidadoso con algo careful with sth
b) ‹búsqueda/investigación› careful, thorough

cuidadoso,-a adjetivo careful
' cuidadoso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
celosa
- celoso
- chapucera
- chapucero
- cuidadosa
- descuidada
- descuidado
- escrutinio
- responsable
English:
careful
- close
- bear
- thorough

* * *

cuidadoso, -a adj

careful;

es muy cuidadosa con lo que hace she's very careful o takes a lot of care in what she does;

sé muy cuidadoso con lo que dices be very careful what you say, you'd better watch what you say;

es muy poco cuidadoso he's very careless, he doesn't take much care

* * *

cuidadoso

adj careful

* * *

cuidadoso, -sa adj

: careful, attentive

♦ cuidadosamente adv

* * *

cuidadoso adj careful

Spanish-English dictionary > cuidadoso
35 форма

1. (очертание, облик) form, shape

в кръгла форма round (shaped)

във форма на кълбо ball-shaped

във форма на шише bottle-shaped, in the form of a bottle

добивам определена форма take shape

приемам формата на take the shape of

2. (състояние) state, form

в течна форма in liquid state

във форма на прах in powder form

3. (структура) form, structure, frame

форма на управление a form/system of government

форма и съдържание form and content

форма без съдържание shell

по форма и по същество in letter and in spirit

4. грам. form

форма за множествено число a plural form

основни форми на глагола principal parts of the verb

и т. н. е съкратена форма на и така нататък etc. is short for etcetera

5. (вид) form; mode; guise

в писмена форма in writing, in written form

във форма на задължение in a binding form

под формата на under the guise/pretext of, in the form of, as а

под формата на шега as a joke, by way of a joke

под една или друга форма in one form or another

в лека форма (за болест) in a mild form

заболяване в тежка форма a serious/severe case (of)

топлината е една от формите на движението heat is one of the modes of motion

про/за форма for form's sake

6. печ. plate, forme, form

7. тех. mould

придавам дадена форма на mould

8. (за печене) tin, pan

форма за торта a cake pan/tin

9. (униформа) uniform

във форма in uniform, uniformed

10. мн. ч. (изпъкнали части на тялото) curves

11. (състояние на спортист и пр.) form, trim, shape

в добра форма in good form, in practice/training, ( физически) in good shape/trim, fit

в отлична форма on top of o.'s form, ( за състезател и) in perfect shape/condition/trim

не съм във форма be out of training/practice; be off form

в най-добрата си- at o.'s best

поддържам формата си keep fit, keep in trim; keep in practice; keep o.'s hand in

* * *

фо̀рма,

ж., -и 1. ( очертание, облик) form, shape; conformation; в кръгла \формаа round (shaped); в кълбовидна \формаа ball-shaped; във \формаа на шише bottle-shaped, in the form of a bottle; придавам (външна) \формаа на exteriorize, externalize; give (outward) shape to; приемам \формаата на take the shape of;

2. ( състояние) state, form; в течна \формаа in liquid state; във \формаа на прах in powder form;

3. ( структура) form, structure, frame; \формаа без съдържание shell; \формаа и съдържание form and content; \формаа на управление a form/system of government;

4. език. form; основни \формаи на глагола principal parts of the verb; \формаа за множествено число a plural form;

5. ( вид) form; mode; guise; в лека \формаа (за болест) in a mild form; в писмена \формаа in written form; за \формаа for form’s sake; заболяване в тежка \формаа serious/severe case (of); под една или друга \формаа in one form or another; под \формаата на under the guise/pretext of, in the form of, as a;

6. полигр. plate, forme, амер. form;

7. техн. mould; придавам дадена \формаа на mould;

8. (за печене) tin, pan, mould; \формаа за торта cake pan/tin;

9. само мн. ( изпъкнали части на тялото) curves; с красиви \формаи (за жена) curvaceous, curvy;

10. ( състояние на спортист и пр.) form, trim, shape; в добра \формаа in good form, on form, in practice/training, ( физически) in good shape/trim, fit, in fine/good fettle, in the pink; ( играя добре) (be) on o.’s game; в най-добрата си \формаа at o.’s best; в отлична \формаа on top of o.’s. form, in mint condition; as fit as a fiddle; fighting fit; (за състезател) in perfect shape/condition/trim; не съм във \формаа be out of training/practice; be off form; be off o.’s game; поддържам \формаата си keep fit, keep in trim; keep in practice; keep o.’s hand in.

* * *

form: формаs of life - форми на живот, the past tense форма of the verb - формата за минало време на глагола, My horse is out of форма today. - Конят ми не е във форма днес.; shape: Water takes the форма of the vessel. - Водата приема формата на съда., I am in a good форма. - В добра форма съм.; state (състояние): in liquid форма - в течна форма; mode ; (структура): structure: a форма of government - форма на управление; configuration ; cut {kXt}; figuration (във форма на): pear форма - във форма на круша; manner (изк.); plate (печ.); (за печене): tin ; pan ; keep fit - поддържам спортната си форма

* * *
1. (вид) form;mode;guise 2. (за печене) tin, pan 3. (очертание, облик) form, shape 4. (структура) form, structure, frame 5. (състояние) state, form 6. (униформа) uniform 7. 1 (състояние на спортист и пр.) form, trim, shape 8. ФОРМА без съдържание shell 9. ФОРМА за множествено число a plural form 10. ФОРМА за торта a cake pan/tin 11. ФОРМА и съдържание form and content 12. ФОРМА на управление a form/system of government 13. в добра ФОРМА in good form, in practice/training, (физически) in good shape/trim, fit 14. в кръгла ФОРМА round (shaped) 15. в лека ФОРМА (за болест) in a mild form 16. в най-добрата си - at o.'s best 17. в отлична ФОРМА on top of o.'s form, (за състезател и) in perfect shape/condition/trim 18. в писмена ФОРМА in writing, in written form 19. в течна ФОРМА in liquid state 20. във ФОРМА in uniform, uniformed 21. във ФОРМА на задължение in a binding form 22. във ФОРМА на кълбо ball-shaped 23. във ФОРМА на прах in powder form 24. във ФОРМА на шише bottle-shaped, in the form of a bottle 25. грам. form 26. добивам определена ФОРМА take shape 27. заболяване в тежка ФОРМА a serious/severe case (of) 28. и т. н. е съкратена ФОРМА на и така нататък etc. is short for etcetera 29. мн. ч. (изпъкнали части на тялото) curves 30. не съм във ФОРМА be out of training/practice;be off form 31. основни форми на глагола principal parts of the verb 32. пo ФОРМА и по същество in letter and in spirit 33. печ. plate, forme, form 34. под ФОРМАта на under the guise/pretext of, in the form of, as а 35. под ФОРМАта на шега as a joke, by way of a joke 36. под една или друга ФОРМА in one form or another 37. поддържамФОРМАта си keep fit, keep in trim;keep in practice; keep o.'s hand in 38. придавам дадена ФОРМА на mould 39. приемам ФОРМАта на take the shape of 40. про/за ФОРМА for form's sake 41. тех. mould 42. топлината е една от формите на движението heat is one of the modes of motion

Български-английски речник > форма
36 de

1.
dē, adv.: of place, down, only in the phrase susque deque, q. v.
2.
dē, prep. [perh. for ded; cf. Oscan dat, old abl. of pronom. stem da; cf. also Lith. praep. da, as far as; and the suffixes, old case-forms, -dam, -dem, -dum, -do, with the locative -de; v. Ribbeck, Beitr. z. L. v. d. Lat. Part. p. 4 sq.] (with abl., denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point. Accordingly, it occupies a middle place between ab, away from, which denotes a mere external departure, and ex, out of, which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with de are constr. not only with de, but quite as freq. with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by de), from, away from, down from, out of, etc.
A.
In space, lit. and trop. with verbs of motion: animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. p. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.):
aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit,
Lucr. 3, 224:
(quod Ariovistus) de altera parte agri Sequanos decedere juberet,
to depart, withdraw from, Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 10; cf.:
civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent,
id. ib. 1, 2:
decedere de provincia,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 49 ( = ex provincia, id. ib. 2, 2, 65, §
147): de vita decedere,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 11:
exire de vita,
id. Lael. 4, 15 (cf.:
excedere e vita,
id. ib. 3, 12):
de triclinio, de cubiculo exire,
id. de Or. 2, 65 fin.:
hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere,
Plin. Ep. 9, 7, 4:
de castris procedere,
Sall. C. 61, 8 et saep.:
brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet,
Cato R. R. 157, 6:
de digito anulum detraho,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 38; cf.:
de matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere,
Cic. Font. 17:
nomen suum de tabula sustulit,
id. Sest. 33, 72:
ferrum de manibus extorsimus,
id. Cat. 2, 1, 2:
juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest,
id. de Or. 1, 59, 252 et saep.:
... decido de lecto praeceps,
Plaut. Casin. 5, 2, 50:
de muro se deicere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 18, 3:
de sella exsilire,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30 fin.:
nec ex equo vel de muro, etc., hostem destinare,
Tert. adv. Jud. 9, p. 192:
de caelo aliquid demittere,
Lucr. 2, 1155; cf. Cato R. R. 14, 3 et saep.—
b.
In gen., to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds; cf.:
emere de aliquo,
Cato R. R. 1, 4:
aliquid mercari de aliquo,
Cic. Fl. 20 et saep.:
de aliquo quaerere, quid, etc.,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2:
saepe hoc audivi de patre,
id. de Or. 3, 33, 133; cf.:
de mausoleo exaudita vox est,
Suet. Ner. 46:
ut sibi liceret discere id de me,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 31;
so with petere, of place (class.): de vicino terra petita solo,
Ov. F. 4, 822;
so of persons (late Lat.): peto de te,
Dig. 36, 1, 57, § 2; Apul. M. 6, p. 179, 40.
2.
To point out the place from which any thing is brought; and hence, trop., to indicate its origin, derivation, etc.: of, from: de circo astrologi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58; so,
caupo de via Latina,
Cic. Clu. 59, 163:
nescio qui de circo maximo,
id. Mil. 24, 65:
declamator aliqui de ludo aut rabula de foro,
id. Or. 15, 47:
homo de schola atque a magistro... eruditus,
id. de Or. 2, 7, 28:
nautae de navi Alexandrina,
Suet. Aug. 98:
aliquis de ponte,
i. e. a beggar, Juv. 14, 134:
Libyca de rupe leones,
Ov. F. 2, 209:
nostro de rure corona,
Tib. 1, 1, 15:
Vaticano fragiles de monte patellas,
Juv. 6, 344 al.:
de summo loco Summoque genere eques,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 30; cf. id. Aul. prol. 28; id. Poen. 3, 1, 13:
genetrix Priami de gente vetusta,
Verg. A. 9, 284; cf. id. ib. 10, 350; Stat. S. 5, 3, 126:
de Numitore sati,
Ov. F. 5, 41:
de libris,
Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252:
de Philocteta, id,
ib. 3, 35, 141 (cf.:
e Philocteta versus,
Quint. 3, 1, 14).
3.
Transf., to indicate the quarter from which motion proceeds (cf. ab), from, and because motion is so often and naturally downwards, down from:
haec agebantur in conventu, palam, de sella ac de loco superiore,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40; cf. ib. 2, 2, 38:
quem ad se vocari et de tribunali citari jussit,
id. ib. 2, 5, 7:
qui nihil ex occulto, nihil de insidiis, agendum putant,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109; cf.
de tergo plagas dare,
from behind, Plaut. Asin. 2, 2, 10; Just. 20, 5, 5:
de paupere mensa dona,
Tib. 1, 1, 37 et saep.—In jurid. Latin: de plano discutere, interloqui, cognoscere, etc., i. e. on level ground, not on the tribunal (cf. chamothen, opp. pro bêmatos, Dig. 27, 1, 13, § 10), Dig. 1, 4, 1; 1, 16, 9; 14. 3, 11 et saep.; so, de plano, off-hand, without formal consideration, Lucr. 1, 411;
v. planus.—And with pendeo, etc. (the motion in the eye transferred to the object): deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,
Ov. F. 2, 760:
lucerna de camera pendebat,
Petr. 30, 3; cf.:
et nova de gravido palmite gemma tumet,
Ov. F. 1, 152:
de qua pariens arbore nixa dea est,
leaning downwards against the tree, id. H. 21, 100.
B.
In time.
1.
Immediately following a given moment of time, after, directly after (very rare):
de concursu,
Lucr. 1, 384 (cf. Munro, ad loc.):
velim scire hodiene statim de auctione aut quo die venias,
Cic. Att. 12, 3:
non bonus somnus est de prandio,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8:
de eorum verbis prosilui, etc.,
id. Trin. 1, 2, 178.—Hence, diem de die, from day to day, day after day, Liv. 5, 48:
cum is diem de die differret, dum, etc.,
id. 25, 25; cf.:
diem de die proferendo,
Just. 2, 15, 6: de die in diem, from day to day, daily (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 60, 8; 2 Pet. 2, 8; Cypr. Ep. 3, 11.
2.
De nocte, de vigilia, etc., to designate an act which begins or takes its origin from the night-time, Engl. during or in the course of the night, at night, by night, etc.: De. Rus cras cum filio Cum primo lucu ibo hinc. Mi. Imo de nocte censeo, to-night rather, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 55: in comitium Milo de nocte venit, in the night (cf. shortly before, Milo media nocte in campum venit), Cic. Att. 4, 3, 4; cf. id. Mur. 33, 69:
vigilas tu de nocte,
id. ib. 9, 22; cf.:
de nocte evigilabat,
Suet. Vesp. 21:
ut jugulent homines, surgunt de nocte latrones,
at night, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 32;
and Hannibal surgere de nocte solitus, Frontin Strat. 4, 3, 7 et saep.: ut de nocte multa impigreque exsurrexi,
late in the night, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 10; so,
multa de nocte,
Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Att. 7, 4 fin. (for which multa nocte, id. Q. Fr. 2, 9); cf.
also: si de multa nocte (al. de nocte) vigilassent,
id. Att. 2, 15, 2:
Caesar mittit complures equitum turmas eo de media nocte,
Caes. B. G. 7, 45; 7, 88; so,
media de nocte,
at midnight, Suet. Calig. 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 91:
Caesar de tertia vigilia e castris profectus,
in the third night-watch, Caes. B. G. 1, 12:
de tertia vigilia,
id. ib. 1, 21; Liv. 9, 44 Drak.; 40, 4 al.; cf.:
de quarta vigilia,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21, 3 al.; v. vigilia. —As in this manner de nocte became adverbially = nocte, so de die was sometimes used for die or per diem:
de die potare,
by day, in the daytime, Plaut. Asin. 4, 2, 16:
epulari de die,
Liv. 23, 8; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 8; Catull. 47, 6; Suet. Calig. 37; id. Domit. 21; cf.:
bibulus media de luce Falerni,
Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 34;
and in a lusus verbb. with in diem,
Cic. Phil. 2, 34 fin. —Less freq., de mense:
navigare de mense Decembri,
in December, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1 fin. —And once de tempore for tempore: ipse de tempore coenavit, Auct. B. Hisp. 33, 5.
C.
In other relations, implying separation, departure from, etc.
1.
To designate the whole, from which a part is taken, or of which a part is separately regarded, etc., from among, out of, from:
hominem certum misi de comitibus meis,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2:
gladio percussus ab uno de illis,
id. Mil. 24, 65:
si quis de nostris hominibus,
id. Flacc. 4:
quemvis de iis qui essent idonei,
id. Div. in Caecil. 4 fin.:
de tribus et decem fundis tres nobilissimi fundi,
id. Rosc. Am. 35, 99 et saep.:
accusator de plebe,
id. Brut. 34, 131:
pulsare minimum de plebe Quiritem,
Ov. Am. 1, 7, 29; cf. Liv. 7, 17:
malus poëta de populo,
Cic. Arch. 10, 25 et saep.:
partem solido demere de die,
Hor. Od. 1, 1, 20:
quantum de vita perdiderit,
Petr. 26:
praeteriine tuas de tot caelestibus aras,
Ov. Her. 21, 179; Juv. 1, 138. —
b.
Sometimes de with abl. takes the place of the gen. partit. or gen. obj. In the best writers this occurs mainly
(α).
to avoid ambiguity where genitives would be multiplied:
ne expers partis esset de nostris bonis,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 39:
ut aliquem partem de istius impudentia reticere possim,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32;
(β).
for greater precision:
si quae sunt de eodem genere,
id. Tusc. 4, 7, 16:
persona de mimo,
id. Phil. 2, 27, 65;
(γ).
in the poets, metri gratiā:
aliquid de more vetusto,
Ov. F. 6, 309; Grat. Cyneg. 17:
laudes de Caesare,
Ov. Pont. 4, 13, 23:
cetera de genere hoc,
Hor. Sat. 1, 1, 13; Lucr. 4, 746. This circumlocution was freq. [p. 514] in comic writers and in vulgar lang., and became more common in the declining periods of the lang., so that in the Romance tongues de, di, etc., with a case represent the earlier genitive (so, conscius, conscientia, meminisse, mentionem facere, recordari, etc., de aliqua re for alicujus rei, v. h. vv.).
2.
To indicate the property from which the costs of any thing are taken:
obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37; so,
de tuo,
Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 65:
de suo,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, 5; Suet. Caes. 19:
de nostro,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 11:
de vestro,
Liv. 6, 15, 10; cf.:
de vestris,
Ov. F. 3, 828:
de alieno,
Liv. 3, 1, 3; Just. 36, 3 fin.:
de publico,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44; Liv. 1, 20; 2, 16; 4, 60. For de tuo, once de te:
de te largitor puer,
Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17.—Also in a trop. sense:
ad tua praecepta de meo nihil his novum apposivi,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 31; cf. id. Men. 1. 2, 40; Cic. Fam. 4, 3; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 8.— Poet., to denote that out of which, or by which, one pays a penalty or suffers punishment:
has vestro de sanguine poenas datis,
Luc. 4, 805; cf.:
cum de visceribus tuis satisfacturus sis quibus debes,
Cic. Q. Frat. 1, 3, 7.
3.
To designate the material of which any thing is made, of, out of, from:
niveo factum de marmore signum,
Ov. M. 14, 313; cf. Verg. G. 3, 13:
verno de flore corona,
Tib. 2, 1, 59:
sucus de quinquefolio,
Plin. 26, 4, 11:
cinis de fico,
Pall. 1, 35, 3 et saep.:
de templo carcerem fleri,
Cic. Phil. 5, 7; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 32:
captivum de rege facturi,
Just. 7, 2, 11; cf.:
inque deum de bove versus erat,
Ov. F. 5, 616 et saep.:
fles de rhetore consul,
Juv. 7, 197.—Cf. trop. by means of:
de eodem oleo et opera exaravi nescio quid ad te,
Cic. Att. 13, 38.—Prov.:
de nihilo nihilum,
Pers. 3, 84; cf. Lucr. 1, 157 sq.
4.
In mental operations, to indicate the subject-matter or theme on which any mental act (thinking, considering, advising, determining, etc.; discoursing, informing, exhorting, deciding, disputing, doubting, etc.) is founded; of, about, concerning, Gr. peri:
cogitare de aliqua re, etc. (the most common signification): multa narrare de Laelio,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:
dubitare de re,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 15:
de suo adventu docere,
Suet. Caes. 9:
de moribus admonere,
Sall. Cat. 5, 9 et saep.—With this, too, is connected its use,
5.
To indicate the producing cause or reason, for, on account of, because of:
nam id nisi gravi de causa non fecisset,
Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3; cf. id. de Or. 1, 41, 186; Cael ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15; Cic. Att. 11, 3:
de quo nomine ad arbitrum adiisti, de eo ad judicium venisti,
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12:
flebat uterque non de suo supplicio, sed pater de filii morte, de patris filius,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76:
de labore pectus tundit,
with pain, Plaut. Casin. 2, 6, 63:
incessit passu de vulnere tardo,
Ov. M. 10, 49:
humus fervet de corpore,
id. ib. 7, 560:
facilius de odio creditur,
Tac. H. 1, 34:
quod erat de me feliciter Ilia mater,
through me, Ov. F. 3, 233 et saep.
6.
To indicate the thing with reference to which any thing is done, with respect to, concerning:
de istac re in oculum utrumvis conquiescito,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 121: nil peccat de savio, Caec. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 11 (v. 161 Ribbeck):
credere de numero militum,
Cic. Att. 9, 1, 2:
de numero dierum fidem servare,
Caes. B. G. 6, 36; Sall. C. 50, 3:
de ceteris senatui curae fore,
id. Jug. 26, 1:
concessum ab nobilitate de consule plebeio,
Liv. 6, 42:
solem de virgine rapta consule,
Ov. F. 4, 581 et saep.—Ellipt.:
de argento somnium,
as for the money, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 50 (for which id. Heaut. 4, 2, 4: quod de argento sperem, nihil est): Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 1:
de Dionysio sum admiratus,
Cic. Att. 9, 12; id. Off. 1, 15, 47:
de me autem suscipe paullisper meas partes,
id. Fam. 3, 12, 2; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 36 et saep.:
de Samnitibus triumphare,
concerning, over, Cic. Sen. 16, 55; cf. Hor. 4, 2, 88:
de Atheniensibus victoria,
Curt. 8, 1, 33.
7.
To indicate the thing in conformity with which any thing is done, according to, after:
secundum: DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD, S. C. de Bac.: fecisse dicas de mea sententia,
Plaut. Bac. 4, 9, 115; cf.:
de suorum propinquorum sententia atque auctoritate fecisse dicatur,
Cic. Cael. 29: de consilii sententia Mamertinis se frumentum non imperare pronunciat, id. Verr. 2, 5, 21 al.:
de ejus consilio velle sese facere,
Ter. Ph. 3, 1, 17:
vix de mea voluntate concessum est,
Cic. Att. 4, 2, 4:
de exemplo meo ipse aedificato,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 86:
de more vetusto,
Verg. A. 11, 142; Ov. M. 7, 606:
de nomine,
id. ib. 1, 447:
patrioque vocat de nomine mensem,
id. F. 3, 77.
8.
With adjectives to form adverbial expressions.
a.
De integro, anew ( = ab integro, ex integro; cf.: iterum, rursus, denuo), indidemque eadem aeque oriuntur de integro, atque eodem occidunt, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 17 Müll. (v. 92 Ribb.):
ratio de integro ineunda est mihi,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 7; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56; id. Att. 13, 27; id. Fam. 12, 30, 2 et saep. (The combination de novo appears only in the contracted form denuo, v. h. v.).—
b.
De improviso, unexpectedly:
ubi de improviso interventum est mulieri,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 40; id. And. 2, 2, 23; id. Ad. 3, 3, 53; Caes. B. G. 2, 3; 5, 22; 5, 39 et saep.; Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151 et saep.—
c.
De transverso, unexpectedly:
ecce autem de transverso L. Caesar ut veniam ad se rogat,
Cic. Att. 15, 4 fin.; Auct. Her. 4, 10, 14.
► De is often put between an adj.
or pron. and its substantive; cf.
above multa de nocte, media de nocte, gravi de causa, etc.: qua de re,
Ter. Andr. 1, 2, 13; esp. in the judic. formula: qua de re agitur; cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6; Cic. Brut. 79 fin. Also freq. after a simple relative:
quo de,
Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 41; 54, 104; 2, 11, 37:
qua de,
id. ib. 2, 23, 70 et saep.
II.
In composition the e becomes short before a vowel, as in dĕhisco, dĕhinc, dĕorsum, and coincides with it in the poets by synaeresis; cf.: dehinc, deinde, deinceps, deorsum; sometimes contraction takes place, as in debeo, debilis, dego, demo, from dehabeo, de-habilis, de-ago, de-emo.—
2.
Signif.
a.
Separation, departure, removal, taking away; off, away, down, out: decedo, demigro, demeto, depromo, descendo, devolvo, derivo, deflecto, etc.; and trop. dedico, denuntio; and in a downward direction, decido, decumbo, deprimo, demergo, delabor, defluo, demitto, desido, desideo, declivis, deculco, degredior, deicio, etc.—
b.
Cessation, removal of the fundamental idea ( = un-, de-, dis-): dearmo, deartuo, decresco, dedisco, dedecoro, dedignor, dedoceo, denascor, denormo, desum, etc.; and hence direct negation, as in dedecet, deformis, demens, etc.—
c.
With reference to the terminus of the action: defero, defigo, demitto, etc.; hence also trop., with reference to the extent of the action, to the uttermost, to exhaustion, through. out: debacchor, debello, dedolo, delino, delibuo, etc.: defatigo, delaboro, delasso, etc.; hence freq. a mere strengthening of the fundamental idea, = valde, thoroughly, much: demiror, demitigo, etc.—
d.
Giving a bad sense to the verb: decipio, delinquo, deludo, derideo, detestor.—
e.
Rarely, contraction from a broad into a narrow space, together: deligo, devincio. See also Hand Turs. II. p. 183-229.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > de
37 geraten

v/i; gerät, geriet, ist geraten

1. (ausfallen) turn out; gut / schlecht geraten turn out well / badly; groß / klein geraten sein be big / small; relativ: turn out to be on the big / small side; der Kuchen ist mir nicht geraten hasn’t turned out (properly); die Suppe ist ein bisschen salzig geraten the soup’s a bit on the salty side; jemandem zum Vorteil geraten turn out to s.o.’s advantage; ihm gerät alles ( gut) everything turns out right with him

2. nach jemandem geraten Kind: take after s.o.; er gerät ganz nach seinem Vater he really takes after his father; negativ: he’s getting to be just like his father

3. geraten an (+ Akk) an etw.: (erlangen) come by, get hold of; (stoßen auf) come across; an jemanden: meet, come across; feindlich: fall foul of; da sind Sie ( bei mir) an den Falschen geraten you’ve come to the wrong person, I’m afraid; wie bist du denn an den geraten? umg. where did you find him ( oder pick him up)?

4. (gelangen, kommen) get; in Gefahr, Schwierigkeiten, einen Stau etc.: get into; in einen Sturm etc.: get caught in; auf die Gegenfahrbahn geraten end up on the wrong side of the road; mit der Hand in die Säge geraten get one’s hand caught in the saw; in eine unangenehme Lage geraten get into a difficult situation; in jemandes Hände geraten fall into s.o.’s hands; in Not geraten get into serious difficulties; in Verdacht / unter jemandes Einfluss geraten come under suspicion / s.o.’s influence ( oder sway); unter ein Auto geraten be ( oder get) run over by a car; aus der Fassung / Form geraten lose one’s composure / shape; außer Atem / Kontrolle geraten get out of breath / control; außer sich geraten be beside oneself ( vor with); in Angst / Aufregung geraten get scared / excited; in Panik geraten panic, get into a panic; in Verlegenheit / Versuchung geraten be embarrassed / tempted; in Wut geraten get really angry, fly into a rage; in Bewegung geraten get under way, start moving; in Brand geraten catch fire; ins Stocken / Stottern geraten grind to a halt / start to stutter; in Gefangenschaft geraten end up in prison; in Vergessenheit geraten be forgotten; Abweg, Adresse, Haar etc.

—

geraten2

I P.P. raten1, raten2, geraten1

II Adj. (ratsam) advisable; (vorteilhaft) advantageous; es scheint mir geraten zu (+ Inf.) I think it would be advisable to (+ Inf.), the best policy would seem to be to (+ Inf.) ich halte es nicht gerade für geraten zu (+ Inf.) I don’t really think it would be a good idea to (+ Inf.)

* * *

to get; to be succesful

* * *
ge|ra|ten I [gə'raːtn] pret geriet [gə'riːt] ptp geraten [gə'raːtn]
vi aux sein

1) (= zufällig gelangen) to get (
in +acc into)
geráten — to get sth, to come by sth

an einen Ort geráten — to come to a place

an den Richtigen/Falschen geráten — to come to the right/wrong person

unter ein Fahrzeug geráten — to fall under a vehicle

mit der Hand in eine Maschine geráten — to get one's hand caught in a machine

in Gefangenschaft geráten — to be taken prisoner

das Schiff ist in einen Sturm geráten — the boat got caught in a storm

in Bewegung geráten — to begin to move

ins Stocken geráten — to come to a halt

ins Schleudern geráten — to go into a skid

in Brand geráten — to catch fire

in Angst/Begeisterung/Schwierigkeiten geráten — to get scared/enthusiastic/into difficulties

in Vergessenheit geráten — to fall into oblivion

aus der Bahn geráten (lit) — to come off or leave the track; (fig) to go off the rails

auf krumme Wege or die schiefe Bahn geráten — to stray from the straight and narrow

aus der Fassung/der Form geráten — to lose one's composure/one's shape

vor etw dat) — to be beside oneself (with sth)

unter schlechten Einfluss geráten — to come under a bad influence

See:

→ Abweg, Haar

2) (= sich entwickeln, gelingen, ausfallen) to turn out

ihm gerät einfach alles — everything he does turns out well or is a success, everything always goes right for him

mein Aufsatz ist mir zu lang geráten — my essay turned out too long

der Junge/Kaktus ist gut geráten — the boy/cactus turned out well

nach jdm geráten — to take after sb
II ptp von raten, geraten
adj
geh = ratsam) advisable
ich halte es für geráten — I think it would be advisable

* * *

ge·ra·ten¹

< gerät, geriet, geraten>

[gəɐa:tn̩]

vi Hilfsverb: sein

1. (zufällig gelangen)

▪ irgendwohin \geraten to get to somewhere

in schlechte Gesellschaft/eine Schlägerei/einen Stau \geraten to get into bad company/a fight/a traffic jam

an einen Ort \geraten to come to a place

2. (unbeabsichtigt kommen)

▪ [mit etw dat] an/in/unter etw akk \geraten to get [sth] caught in/under sth

unter einen Lastwagen \geraten to fall under a lorry [or truck]

in einen Sturm \geraten to get caught in a storm

3. (sich konfrontiert sehen mit)

▪ in etw akk \geraten to get into sth

in Armut \geraten to end up in poverty

in eine Falle \geraten to fall into a trap

in Gefangenschaft \geraten to be taken prisoner

in Schulden/Schwierigkeiten/eine Situation \geraten to get into debt[s]/difficulties/a situation

4. (erfüllt werden von)

▪ in etw akk \geraten to get into sth

in Furcht/Verlegenheit/Wut \geraten to get scared/embarrassed/angry

in Panik \geraten to start to panic

5. Funktionsverb (beginnen, etw zu tun)

▪ in etw akk \geraten to begin to do sth

in Bewegung \geraten to begin to move

in Brand \geraten to catch fire

ins Schleudern \geraten to get into a skid

ins Schwärmen/Träumen \geraten to fall into a rapture/dream

ins Stocken \geraten to come to a halt

in Vergessenheit \geraten to fall into oblivion

6. (ausfallen)

der Pulli ist mir zu groß \geraten my jumper turned out too big

das Essay ist zu kurz \geraten the essay turned out too short

7. (gelingen)

das Soufflé ist mir \geraten/mir nicht \geraten my soufflé turned/didn't turn out well

alle meine Kinder sind gut \geraten all my children turned out well

8. (fam: kennen lernen)

▪ an jdn \geraten to come across sb

9. (arten)

▪ nach jdm \geraten to take after sb

10.

▶ [vor etw dat] [über jdn/etw] außer sich dat \geraten to be beside oneself [with sth] [over sb/sth]

ge·ra·ten²

[gəˈra:tn̩]

I. pp von raten

II. adj (geh) advisable

* * *
I
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) get

in ein Unwetter geraten — be caught in a storm

an jemanden geraten — meet somebody

an den Richtigen/Falschen geraten — come to the right/wrong person

in Panik geraten — panic or get into a panic

2) (gelingen) turn out well

sie ist zu kurz/lang geraten — (scherzh.) she has turned out on the short/tall side

3) (ähneln)

nach jemandem geraten — take after somebody
II
Adjektiv; nicht attr. advisable

es scheint mir geraten,... — I think it advisable...

* * *

geraten¹ v/i; gerät, geriet, ist geraten

1. (ausfallen) turn out;

gut/schlecht geraten turn out well/badly;

groß/klein geraten sein be big/small; relativ: turn out to be on the big/small side;

der Kuchen

ist mir nicht geraten hasn’t turned out (properly);

die Suppe ist ein bisschen salzig geraten the soup’s a bit on the salty side;

jemandem zum Vorteil geraten turn out to sb’s advantage;

ihm gerät alles (gut) everything turns out right with him

2.

nach jemandem geraten Kind: take after sb;

er gerät ganz nach seinem Vater he really takes after his father; negativ: he’s getting to be just like his father

3.

geraten an (+akk) an etwas: (erlangen) come by, get hold of; (stoßen auf) come across; an jemanden: meet, come across; feindlich: fall foul of;

da sind Sie (bei mir) an den Falschen geraten you’ve come to the wrong person, I’m afraid;

wie bist du denn an den geraten? umg where did you find him ( oder pick him up)?

4. (gelangen, kommen) get; in Gefahr, Schwierigkeiten, einen Stau etc: get into; in einen Sturm etc: get caught in;

auf die Gegenfahrbahn geraten end up on the wrong side of the road;

mit der Hand in die Säge geraten get one’s hand caught in the saw;

in eine unangenehme Lage geraten get into a difficult situation;

in jemandes Hände geraten fall into sb’s hands;

in Not geraten get into serious difficulties;

in Verdacht/unter jemandes Einfluss geraten come under suspicion/sb’s influence ( oder sway);

unter ein Auto geraten be ( oder get) run over by a car;

aus der Fassung/Form geraten lose one’s composure/shape;

außer Atem/Kontrolle geraten get out of breath/control;

außer sich geraten be beside oneself (

vor with);

in Angst/Aufregung geraten get scared/excited;

in Panik geraten panic, get into a panic;

in Verlegenheit/Versuchung geraten be embarrassed/tempted;

in Wut geraten get really angry, fly into a rage;

in Bewegung geraten get under way, start moving;

in Brand geraten catch fire;

ins Stocken/Stottern geraten grind to a halt/start to stutter;

in Gefangenschaft geraten end up in prison;

in Vergessenheit geraten be forgotten; → Abweg, Adresse, Haar etc

geraten²

A. pperf → raten², geraten¹

B. adj (ratsam) advisable; (vorteilhaft) advantageous;

es scheint mir geraten zu (+inf) I think it would be advisable to (+inf), the best policy would seem to be to (+inf)

ich halte es nicht gerade für geraten zu (+inf) I don’t really think it would be a good idea to (+inf)

* * *
I
unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb; mit sein

1) get

in ein Unwetter geraten — be caught in a storm

an jemanden geraten — meet somebody

an den Richtigen/Falschen geraten — come to the right/wrong person

in Panik geraten — panic or get into a panic

2) (gelingen) turn out well

sie ist zu kurz/lang geraten — (scherzh.) she has turned out on the short/tall side

3) (ähneln)

nach jemandem geraten — take after somebody
II
Adjektiv; nicht attr. advisable

es scheint mir geraten,... — I think it advisable...

* * *

adj.

advised adj.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > geraten
38 Tochter

f; -, Töchter

1. leibliche: daughter; die Tochter des Hauses the daughter of the house; sie ist ganz die Tochter ihres Vaters she is very much her father’s daughter, she takes very much after her father; höhere Töchter altm. oder hum. (well-bred) young ladies, young ladies of good class ( oder background)

2. WIRTS., Sl. (Tochterunternehmen) subsidiary; eine Tochter von BMW a subsidiary of BMW

3. schw. (Angestellte) girl, female ( oder woman) employee

* * *

die Tochter

daughter

* * *
Tọch|ter ['tɔxtɐ]
f -, -
['tœçtɐ] daughter; (= Tochterfirma) subsidiary; (Sw = Bedienstete) girl
die Tochter des Hauses (form) — the daughter or young lady of the house

das Fräulein Tochter (iro, form) — mademoiselle

See:

→ höher

* * *

die

(a female child (when spoken of in relation to her parents): That is Mary's daughter; She has two daughters.) daughter

* * *

To·chter

<-, Töchter>

[ˈtɔxtɐ, pl ˈtœçtɐ]

f

1. (weibliches Kind) daughter

die \Tochter des Hauses (geh) the young lady of the house form

2. ÖKON (Tochterfirma) subsidiary

Töchter der Großbanken subsidiaries of the big three

* * *

die; Tochter, Töchter daughter

die Tochter des Hauses — the daughter or young lady of the house

höhere Tochter — young lady

* * *

Tochter f; -, Töchter

1. leibliche: daughter;

die Tochter des Hauses the daughter of the house;

sie ist ganz die Tochter ihres Vaters she is very much her father’s daughter, she takes very much after her father;

höhere Töchter obs oder hum (well-bred) young ladies, young ladies of good class ( oder background)

2. WIRTSCH, sl (Tochterunternehmen) subsidiary;

eine Tochter von BMW a subsidiary of BMW

3. schweiz (Angestellte) girl, female ( oder woman) employee

* * *

die; Tochter, Töchter daughter

die Tochter des Hauses — the daughter or young lady of the house

höhere Tochter — young lady

* * *

-ö f.

daughter n.

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Tochter
39 pecho

m.

1 chest.

2 breast (mama).

dar el pecho a to breastfeed

3 heart.

4 breaststroke. ( Latin American Spanish)

los 100 metros pecho the 100 meters breaststroke

5 bosom.

6 tax.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: pechar.

* * *

pecho

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) chest

2 (seno) breast

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a lo hecho pecho what's done is done

dar el pecho to breast-feed

partirse el pecho familiar to break one's back

sacar pecho to stick one's chest out

tomar a pecho algo (ofenderse) to take something to heart 2 (mostrar mucho interés) to take something very seriously

* * *

noun m.

1) chest

2) breast

* * *
I
SM

1) (=tórax) chest

le dieron una puñalada en el pecho — he was stabbed in the chest

tenía una herida en el pecho — he had a chest injury

• estar de pecho sobre algo — to be leaning on sth

estaba de pecho sobre la barandilla — he was leaning on the railing

• sacar pecho — to stick one's chest out

ponte firme y saca pecho — stand up straight and stick your chest out

el presidente ha sacado pecho ante las críticas — the president put on a brave face under the criticism

- abrir el pecho a algn

no caberle a algn la alegría en el pecho —

no me/le cabía la alegría en el pecho — I/he was bursting with happiness

- dar el pecho

- a pecho descubierto

- echarse entre pecho y espalda

- gritar a todo pecho

- partirse el pecho

- quedarse con algo en el pecho

- tomarse algo a pecho

2) [de mujer]

a) (=busto) bust

un sujetador que realza el pecho — a bra which makes your bust look bigger

de pecho plano — flat-chested

• tener mucho pecho — to have a big bust

• tener poco pecho — to be flat-chested

b) (=mama) breast

le han extirpado un pecho — she had a breast removed

• dar el pecho — to breast-feed

• un niño de pecho — a baby at the breast

3) (=valor)

- ¡pecho al agua!

- a lo hecho, pecho

4) (Geog) slope, gradient
II
SM ( Hist) tax, tribute

* * *

masculino ( tórax) chest; ( mama) breast

dar (el) pecho a un niño — to breast-feed o suckle a child

nadar (estilo) pecho — to swim (the) breaststroke

a pecho descubierto — boldly

echarse algo entre pecho y espalda (fam) — < comida> to put something away (colloq); < bebida> to knock something back (colloq)

sacar pecho — ( literal) to stick one's chest out; ( vanagloriarse) (CS fam) to brag, show off

tomarse algo a pecho — < crítica> to take something to heart; < responsabilidad> to take something seriously

a lo hecho, pecho — what's done is done

* * *

= breast, bosom, chest, bust.

Ex. One time he showed me a photograph in an art book of a woman's bare breasts and said 'Nice tits, uh?'.

Ex. The rolls, which it was customary to keep in the bosom, contained exhortations, messages and promises and were considered very valuable as physical objects.

Ex. Sometimes the noun form is used, sometimes the adjectival, eg 'Abdomen - diseases' but 'Abdominal pain'; 'Thorax (Zoology)' but 'Thorax, Human' see ' chest and Thoracic duct'.

Ex. First on the list was her bust, which has also gone from plump to saggy and deflated over the course of just a couple of years.

----

* a lo hecho, pecho = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk, you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* angina de pecho = angina pectoris.

* aumento de pecho = breast augmentation, breast enlargement.

* cirugía de pecho = breast surgery.

* congestión de pecho = chest congestion.

* criado con el pecho = breast-fed.

* dar el do de pecho = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + Posesivo + utmost.

* dar el pecho = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar pecho = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* darse golpes de pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse golpes en el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* golpearse el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* implante de pecho = breast implant.

* operación de pecho = breast surgery.

* reducción de pecho = breast reduction.

* tomarse Algo a pecho = take to + heart.

* * *

masculino ( tórax) chest; ( mama) breast

dar (el) pecho a un niño — to breast-feed o suckle a child

nadar (estilo) pecho — to swim (the) breaststroke

a pecho descubierto — boldly

echarse algo entre pecho y espalda (fam) — < comida> to put something away (colloq); < bebida> to knock something back (colloq)

sacar pecho — ( literal) to stick one's chest out; ( vanagloriarse) (CS fam) to brag, show off

tomarse algo a pecho — < crítica> to take something to heart; < responsabilidad> to take something seriously

a lo hecho, pecho — what's done is done

* * *

= breast, bosom, chest, bust.

Ex: One time he showed me a photograph in an art book of a woman's bare breasts and said 'Nice tits, uh?'.

Ex: The rolls, which it was customary to keep in the bosom, contained exhortations, messages and promises and were considered very valuable as physical objects.

Ex: Sometimes the noun form is used, sometimes the adjectival, eg 'Abdomen - diseases' but 'Abdominal pain'; 'Thorax (Zoology)' but 'Thorax, Human' see ' chest and Thoracic duct'.

Ex: First on the list was her bust, which has also gone from plump to saggy and deflated over the course of just a couple of years.

* a lo hecho, pecho = no use crying over spilt/spilled milk, you've made your bed, now you must lie in it!.

* angina de pecho = angina pectoris.

* aumento de pecho = breast augmentation, breast enlargement.

* cirugía de pecho = breast surgery.

* congestión de pecho = chest congestion.

* criado con el pecho = breast-fed.

* dar el do de pecho = do + Posesivo + best, pull out + all the stops, do + Posesivo + utmost.

* dar el pecho = breast-feed [breastfeed].

* dar pecho = breast-feeding [breastfeeding].

* darse golpes de pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* darse golpes en el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* golpearse el pecho = beat + Posesivo + breast.

* implante de pecho = breast implant.

* operación de pecho = breast surgery.

* reducción de pecho = breast reduction.

* tomarse Algo a pecho = take to + heart.

* * *

pecho

masculine

[ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ]

(tórax) chest; (mama) breast

dar (el) pecho a un niño to breast-feed o suckle o nurse a child

en su pecho aún abrigaba la esperanza de volver ( liter); he still nursed in his breast the hope of returning ( liter)

nadar (estilo) pecho to swim (the) breaststroke

abrirle el pecho a algn ( liter); to unburden oneself to sb ( liter), to pour one's heart out to sb

a pecho descubierto boldly

echarse algo entre pecho y espalda or ( Chi) mandarse algo al pecho ( fam) ‹comida› to put sth away ( colloq);

‹bebida› to knock sth back ( colloq), to down ( colloq)

partirse el pecho to knock oneself out ( colloq)

nos partimos el pecho para terminarlo a tiempo we knocked ourselves out o ( AmE) we worked our butts off trying to get it finished in time ( colloq)

el equipo se partió el pecho para ganar the team went all out to win ( colloq)

sacar pecho (literal) to stick one's chest out; (vanagloriarse) (CS fam) to brag, show off

le gusta sacar pecho con que el hijo es médico she likes to brag about her son being a doctor

tomarse algo a pecho ‹crítica› to take sth to heart;

‹responsabilidad› to take sth seriously

se toma el trabajo demasiado a pecho she takes her work too seriously

a lo hecho, pecho what's done is done

no me gusta como lo han organizado pero a lo hecho, pecho I don't like the way it's been organized but we'll just have to live with it o we'll just have to make the best of a bad job

tú les dijiste que sí, ahora a lo hecho, pecho you agreed to it and now you'll just have to go through with it

* * *

pecho sustantivo masculino ( tórax) chest;
( mama) breast;
◊ dar (el) pecho a un niño to breast-feed o suckle a child;

tomarse algo a pecho ‹ crítica› to take sth to heart;

‹ responsabilidad› to take sth seriously
pecho sustantivo masculino
1 chest
(de animal) breast
(de mujer) breast, bust
dar el pecho (a un bebé), to breast-feed (a baby)
2 figurado heart, deep down: guarda en su pecho un gran rencor, deep down he harbours a terrible grudge
♦ Locuciones: tomar(se) (algo) a pecho, to take (sthg) to heart
a pecho descubierto, unarmed, defenceless
a lo hecho, pecho, what's done, is done
' pecho' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
angina
- do
- golpe
- opresión
- reposar
- sacar
- apretar
- banda
- chiche
- clavar
- estilo
- friega
- medir
- nadar
- niño
- seno
- tomar
English:
angina
- bosom
- breast
- breast-feed
- breastplate
- bust
- chest
- clutch
- cry
- feed
- heart
- stick out
- thrust out
- buxom
- press
- push
- thrust

* * *

pecho nm

1. [tórax] chest;

un dolor en el pecho a pain in the chest, a chest pain

2. [de mujer] bosom;

tener poco pecho to have a small bust;

tener mucho pecho to have a big bust

3. [mama] breast;

dar el pecho a to breast-feed

4. [interior] heart;

guardaba mucha rabia en su pecho his heart was full of anger

5. Am [en natación] breaststroke;

nadar pecho to do the breaststroke;

los 100 metros pecho the 100 metres breaststroke

6. Comp
Fam
a lo hecho, pecho: no me gusta, pero a lo hecho, pecho I don't like it but, what's done is done;
Fam
tú lo hiciste, así que a lo hecho, pecho you did it, so you'll have to take the consequences;

a pecho descubierto [sin defensas] without protection o any form of defence;
[con sinceridad] quite openly o candidly; Fam
echarse o [m5] meterse entre pecho y espalda algo [comida] to put o tuck sth away;
[bebida] to put sth away, to down sth, Br to knock sth back; Fam
me partí el pecho por ayudarle I bent over backwards to help him;

sacar (el) pecho to thrust one's chest out;

tomarse algo a pecho [ofenderse] to take sth to heart;
[tomar con empeño] to take sth seriously;
no te lo tomes tan a pecho you shouldn't take it so to heart;

se toma el trabajo muy a pecho she takes her work very seriously

* * *

pecho

m

1 ( caja torácica) chest

2 ( mama) breast;

dar el pecho breastfeed;

de pechos planos flat-chested;

tomar algo a pecho take sth to heart;

a pecho descubierto luchar bare-handed; hablar openly, frankly;

echarse o

meterse entre pecho y espalda fam

comida put away fam ; bebida knock back fam ;

sacar pecho stick one’s chest out; fig stick one’s neck out;

partirse el pecho fig knock o.s. out

3 L.Am.
DEP breaststroke
* * *

pecho nm

1) : chest

2) seno: breast, bosom

3) : heart, courage

4)

dar el pecho : to breast-feed

5)

tomar a pecho : to take to heart

* * *

pecho n

1. (tórax) chest

los músculos del pecho the chest muscles

2. (de mujer busto) bust

3. (de mujer seno) breast

tomarse algo a pecho (ofenderse) to take something to heart [pt. took; pp. taken] (tomar en serio) to take something seriously

Spanish-English dictionary > pecho
40 ἄν

ἄν (A), [pron. full] [ᾰ], [dialect] Ep., Lyr., [dialect] Ion., Arc., [dialect] Att.; also κεν) [dialect] Ep., [dialect] Aeol., Thess., κᾱ [dialect] Dor., [dialect] Boeot., El.; the two combined in [dialect] Ep. (infr. D. 11.2) and Arc.,

A εἰκ ἄν IG5(2).6.2
, 15 (iv B. C.):—modal Particle used with Verbs to indicate that the action is limited by circumstances or defined by conditions. In Hom. κε is four times as common as ἄν, in Lyr. about equally common. No clear distinction can be traced, but κε as an enclitic is somewhat less emphatic; ἄν is preferred by Hom. in negative clauses, κε ([etym.] ν) with the relative.

A In Simple Sentences, and in the Apodosis of Compound Sentences; here ἄν belongs to the Verb, and denotes that the assertion made by the Verb is dependent on a condition, expressed or implied: thus ἦλθεν he came, ἦλθεν ἄν he would have come (under conditions, which may or may not be defined), and so he might have come; ἔλθοι may he come, ἔλθοι ἄν he would come (under certain conditions), and so he might come.

I WITH INDICATIVE:

1 with historical tenses, generally [tense] impf. and [tense] aor., less freq. [tense] plpf., never [tense] pf., v. infr.,

a most freq. in apodosis of conditional sentences, with protasis implying nonfulfilment of a past or present condition, and apod. expressing what would be or would have been the case if the condition were or had been fulfilled. The [tense] impf. with ἄν refers to continued action, in Hom. always in past time, exc. perh. καί κε θάμ' ἐνθάδ' ἐόντες ἐμισγόμεθ' Od.4
. 178; later also in [tense] pres. time, first in Thgn.905; πολὺ ἂν θαυμαστότερον ἦν, εἰ ἐτιμῶντο it would be far more strange if they were honoured, Pl.R. 489a; οὐκ ἂν νήσων ἐκράτει, εἰ μή τι καὶ ναυτικὸν εἶχεν he would not have been master of islands if he had not had also some naval power, Th.1.9. The [tense] aor. strictly refers only to past time, Pi.N.11.24, etc.; εἰ τότε ταύτην ἔσχε τὴν γνώμην, οὐδὲν ἂν ὧν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν ἔπραξεν if he had then come to this opinion, he would have accomplished nothing of what he has now done, D.4.5, al., but is used idiomatically with Verbs of saying, answering, etc., as we say I should have said, εἰ μὴ πατὴρ ἦσθ', εἶπον ἄν σ' οὐκ εὖ φρονεῖν S.Ant. 755
, cf. Pl.Smp. 199d, Euthphr. 12d, etc.: the [tense] plpf. refers to completed actions, as ὃ εἰ ἀπεκρίνω, ἱκανῶς ἂν ἤδη παρὰ σοῦ τὴν ὁσιότητα ἐμεμαθήκη I should have already learnt.., ib. 14c; εἰ ὁ ἀνὴρ ἀπέθανεν, δικαίως ἂν ἐτεθνήκει Antipho 4.2.3
.

b the protasis is freq. understood: ὑπό κεν ταλασίφρονά περ δέος εἷλεν fear would have seized even the stout-hearted (had he heard the sound), Il.4.421; τὸ γὰρ ἔρυμα τῷ στρατοπέδῳ οὐκ ἂν ἐτειχίσαντο they would not have built the wall (if they had not won a battle), Th.1.11; πολλοῦ γὰρ ἂν ἦν ἄξια for (if that were so) they would be worth much, Pl.R. 374d; οὐ γὰρ ἦν ὅ τι ἂν ἐποιεῖτε for there was nothing which you could have done, i. e. would have done (if you had tried), D.18.43.

c with no definite protasis understood, to express what would have been likely to happen, or might have happened in past time: ἢ γάρ μιν ζωόν γε κιχήσεαι, ἤ κεν Ὀρέστης κτεῖνεν ὑποφθάμενος for either you will find him alive, or else Orestes may already have killed him before you, Od.4.546; ὃ θεασάμενος πᾶς ἄν τις ἀνὴρ ἠράσθη δάϊος εἶναι every man who saw this (the 'Seven against Thebes') would have longed to be a warrior, Ar. Ra. 1022; esp. with τάχα, q. v., ἀλλ' ἦλθε μὲν δὴ τοῦτο τοὔνειδος τάχ' ἂν ὀργῇ βιασθὲν μᾶλλον ἢ γνώμῃ φρενῶν, i. e. it might perhaps have come, S.OT 523; τάχα ἂν δὲ καὶ ἄλλως πως ἐσπλεύσαντες (sc. διέβησαν ) and they might also perhaps have crossed by sea (to Sicily) in some other way, Th.6.2, cf. Pl.Phdr. 265b.

d ἄν is freq. omitted in apodosi with Verbs expressing obligation, propriety, or possibility, as ἔδει, ἐχρῆν, εἰκὸς ἦν, etc., and sts. for rhetorical effect, εἰ μὴ.. ᾖσμεν, φόβον παρέσχεν it had caused (for it would have caused) fear, E.Hec. 1113. This use becomes more common in later Gk.

2 with [tense] fut. ind.:

a frequently in [dialect] Ep., usu. with κεν, rarely ἄν, Il.9.167, 22.66, indicating a limitation or condition, ὁ δέ κεν κεχολώσεται ὅν κεν ἵκωμαι and he will likely be angry to whom- soever I shall come, ib.1.139; καί κέ τις ὧδ' ἐρέει and in that case men will say, 4.176; ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι καταλέξω Od.3.80
; so in Lyr., μαθὼν δέ τις ἂν ἐρεῖ Pi.N.7.68
, cf. I.6(5).59.

b rarely in codd. of [dialect] Att. Prose writers, σαφὲς ἂν καταστήσετε Th.1.140
; οὐχ ἥκει, οὐδ' ἂν ἥξει δεῦρο Pl.R. 615d
, cf. Ap. 29c, X.An.2.5.13; dub. in Hp.Mul.2.174: in later Prose, Philostr. V A2.21, S E.M.9.225: also in Poetry, E.El. 484, Ar.Av. 1313; οὐκ ἂν προδώσω Herod.6.36
(corr. - δοίην):— for ἄν with [tense] fut. inf. and part. v. infr.

II WITH SUBJUNCTIVE, only in [dialect] Ep., the meaning being the same as with the [tense] fut. ind. (1.2a), freq. with [ per.] 1st pers., as εἰ δέ κε μὴ δώῃσιν, ἐγὼ δέ κεν αὐτὸς ἕλωμαι in that case I will take her myself, Il.1.324; πείθευ, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι εἰδέω χάριν obey and if so I will be grateful, 14.235 (the subj. is always introduced by δέ in this usage); also with other persons, giving emphasis to the future, οὐκ ἄν τοι χραίσμῃ κίθαρις 3.54
, al.

III WITH OPTATIVE (never [tense] fut., rarely [tense] pf. πῶς ἂν λελήθοι [με]; X.Smp.3.6):

a in apodosis of conditional sentences, after protasis in opt. with εἰ or some other conditional or relative word, expressing a [tense] fut. condition: ἀλλ' εἴ μοί τι πίθοιο, τό κεν πολὺ κέρδιον εἴη Il.7.28
; οὐ πολλὴ ἂν ἀλογία εἴη, εἰ φοβοῖτο τὸν θάνατον; Pl.Phd. 68b
:—in Hom. [tense] pres. and [tense] aor. opt. with κε or ἄν are sts. used like [tense] impf. and [tense] aor. ind. with ἄν in Attic, with either regular ind. or another opt. in the protasis: καί νύ κεν ἔνθ' ἀπόλοιτο.. εἰ μὴ.. νόησε κτλ., i. e. he would have perished, had she not perceived, etc., Il.5.311, cf. 5.388, 17.70; εἰ νῦν ἐπὶ ἄλλῳ ἀεθλεύοιμεν, ἦ τ' ἂν ἐγὼ.. κλισίηνδε φεροίμην if we were now contending in another's honour, I should now carry.., ib.23.274: so rarely in Trag., οὐδ' ἂν σὺ φαίης, εἴ σε μὴ κνίζοι λέχος (for εἰ μὴ ἔκνιζε) E.Med. 568.

b with protasis in [tense] pres. or [tense] fut., the opt. with ἄν in apodosi takes a simply future sense: φρούριον δ' εἰ ποιήσονται, τῆς μὲν γῆς βλάπτοιεν ἄν τι μέρος they might perhaps damage, Th.1.142, cf. 2.60, Pl.Ap. 25b, R. 333e; ἢν οὖν μάθῃς.. οὐκ ἂν ἀποδοίην Ar.Nu. 116
, cf. D.1.26, al.

c with protasis understood: φεύγωμεν· ἔτι γάρ κεν ἀλύξαιμεν κακὸν ἦμαρ Od.10.269
; οὔτε ἐσθίουσι πλείω ἢ δύνανται φέρειν· διαρραγεῖεν γὰρ ἄν for (if they should do so) they would burst, X. Cyr.8.2.21; τὸν δ' οὔ κε δύ' ἀνέρε.. ἀπ' οὔδεος ὀχλίσσειαν two men could not heave the stone from the ground, i. e. would not, if they should try, Il.12.447; οὐδ' ἂν δικαίως ἐς κακὸν πέσοιμί τι S.Ant. 240
, cf. D.2.8: in Hom. sts. with ref. to past time, Τυδεΐδην οὐκ ἂν γνοίης ποτέροισι μετείη Il.5.85
.

d with no definite protasis implied, in potential sense: ἡδέως δ' ἂν ἐροίμην Λεπτίνην but I would gladly ask Leptines, D.20.129; βουλοίμην ἄν I should like , Lat. velim (but ἐβουλόμην ἄν I should wish, if it were of any avail, vellem); ποῖ οὖν τραποίμεθ' ἄν; which way then can we turn? Pl.Euthd. 290a; οὐκ ἂν μεθείμην τοῦ θρόνου I will not give up the throne, Ar.Ra. 830; idiomatically, referring to the past, αὗται δὲ οὐκ ἂν πολλαὶ εἶεν but these would not (on investigation) prove to be many, Th.1.9; εἴησαν δ' ἂν οὗτοι Κρῆτες these would be (i. e. would have been) Cretans, Hdt.1.2: used in order to soften assertions by giving them a less positive form, as οὐκ ἂν οὖν πάνυ γέ τι σπουδαῖον εἴη ἡ δικαιοσύνη, i.e. it would not prove to be, etc. (for, it is not, etc.), Pl.R. 333e.

e in questions, expressing a wish: τίς ἂν θεῶν.. δοίη; S.OC 1100
, cf.A.Ag. 1448; πῶς ἂν θάνοιμι; S.Aj. 389
: hence (with no question) as a mild command, exhortation, or entreaty, τλαίης κεν Μενελάῳ ἐπιπροέμεν ταχὺν ἰόν Il.4.94
; σὺ μὲν κομίζοις ἂν σεαυτὸν ᾗ θέλεις you may take yourself off (milder than κόμιζε σεαυτόν), S.Ant. 444; χωροῖς ἂν εἴσω you may go in, El. 1491; κλύοις ἂν ἤδη, Φοῖβε hear me now, Phoebus, ib. 637; φράζοις ἄν, λέγοις ἄν, Pl.Phlb. 23c, 48b.

f in a protasis which is also an apodosis: εἴπερ ἄλλῳ τῳ ἀνθρώπων πειθοίμην ἄν, καὶ σοὶ πείθομαι if I would trust any (other) man (if he gave me his word), I trust you, Id.Prt. 329b; εἰ μὴ ποιήσαιτ' ἂν τοῦτο if you would not do this (if you could), D.4.18, cf. X.Mem.1.5.3, Plot.6.4.16.

g rarely omitted with opt. in apodosis: ῥεῖα θεός γ' ἐθέλων καὶ τηλόθεν ἄνδρα σαώσαι Od.3.231
, cf. 14.123, Il.5.303; also in Trag., θᾶσσον ἢ λέγοι τις E.Hipp. 1186
; τεὰν δύνασιν τίς.. κατάσχοι; S.Ant. 605
.

h ἄν c. [tense] fut. opt. is prob. always corrupt (cf. 1.2b), as τὸν αὐτὸν ἂν ἐπαινέσοι ( ἐπαινέσαι Bekk.) Pl.Lg. 719e; εἰδὼς ὅτι οὐδέν' ἂν καταλήψοιτο ( οὐδένα Bekk.) Lys.1.22.

IV WITH INF. and PART. (sts. ADJ. equivalent to part., τῶν δυνατῶν ἂν κρῖναι Pl.R. 577b
) representing ind. or opt.:

1 [tense] pres. inf. or part.:

a representing [tense] impf. ind., οἴεσθε τὸν πατέρα.. οὐκ ἂν φυλάττειν; do you think he would not have kept them safe? ([etym.] οὐκ ἂν ἐφύλαττεν), D.49.35; ἀδυνάτων ἂν ὄντων [ὑμῶν] ἐπιβοηθεῖν when you would have been unable, Th.1.73, cf. 4.40.

b representing [tense] pres. opt., πόλλ' ἂν ἔχων (representing ἔχοιμ' ἄν) ἕτερ' εἰπεῖν παραλείπω D. 18.258
, cf. X.An.2.3.18: with Art., τὸ ἐθέλειν ἂν ἰέναι ἄκλητος ἐπὶ δεῖπνον Pl.Smp. 174b
.

2 [tense] aor. inf. or part.:

a representing [tense] aor. ind., οὐκ ἂν ἡγεῖσθ' αὐτὸν κἂν ἐπιδραμεῖν; do you not think he would even have run thither? ([etym.] καὶ ἐπέδραμεν ἄν), D.27.56; ἴσμεν ὑμᾶς ἀναγκασθέντας ἄν we know you would have been compelled, Th.1.76, cf. 3.89; ῥᾳδίως ἂν ἀφεθείς when he might easily have been acquitted, X.Mem.4.4.4.

b representing [tense] aor. opt., οὐδ' ἂν κρατῆσαι αὐτοὺς τῆς γῆς ἡγοῦμαι I think they would not even be masters of the land ([etym.] οὐδ' ἂν κρατήσειαν), Th.6.37, cf. 2.20; ὁρῶν ῥᾳδίως ἂν αὐτὸ ληφθέν ([etym.] ληφθείη ἄν) Id.7.42; οὔτε ὄντα οὔτε ἂν γενόμενα, i.e. things which are not and never could happen ([etym.] ἃ οὔτε ἂν γένοιτο), Id.6.38.

3 [tense] pf. inf. or part. representing:

a [tense] plpf. ind., πάντα ταῦθ' ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἂν ἑαλωκέναι ([etym.] φήσειεν ἄν ) he would say that all these would have been destroyed by the barbarians ([etym.] ἑαλώκη ἄν), D.19.312.

b [tense] pf. opt., οὐκ ἂν ἡγοῦμαι αὐτοὺς δίκην ἀξίαν δεδωκέναι, εἰ.. καταψηφίσαισθε I do not believe they would (then) have suffered ([etym.] δεδωκότες ἂν εἶεν) punishment enough, etc., Lys.27.9.

4 [tense] fut. inf.or part., never in [dialect] Ep., and prob. always corrupt in [dialect] Att., νομίζων μέγιστον ἂν σφᾶς ὠφελήσειν (leg. - ῆσαι) Th.5.82, cf. 6.66, 8.25,71; part. is still more exceptional, ὡς ἐμοῦ οὐκ ἂν ποιήσοντος ἄλλα Pl.Ap. 30c
(codd.), cf. D.19.342 (v. l.); both are found in later Gk., νομίσαντες ἂν οἰκήσειν οὕτως ἄριστα Plb.8.30.8
, cf. Plu.Marc.15, Arr.An.2.2.3; with part., Epicur. Nat.14.1, Luc.Asin.26, Lib.Or.62.21, dub. l. in Arr.An.6.6.5.

B IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES.

I In the protasis of conditional sentences with εἰ, regularly with the subjunctive. In Attic εἰ ἄν is contracted into ἐάν, ἤν, or ἄν ([etym.] ᾱ) (q. v.): Hom. has generally εἴ κε (or αἴ κε), sts. ἤν, once εἰ δ' ἄν Il.3.288
, twice εἴπερ ἄν 5.224
, 232. The protasis expresses either future condition (with apod. of [tense] fut. time) or general condition (with apod. of repeated action): εἰ δέ κεν ὣς ἔρξῃς καί τοι πείθωνται Ἀχαιοί, γνώσῃ ἔπειθ' ὅς .. if thus thou shalt do.., ib.2.364; ἢν ἐγγὺς ἔλθῃ θάνατος, οὐδεὶς βούλεται θνῄσκειν if death (ever) come near.., E.Alc. 671.

2 in relative or temporal clauses with a conditional force; here ἄν coalesces with ὅτε, ὁπότε, ἐπεί, ἐπειδή, cf. ὅταν, ὁπόταν, ἐπήν or ἐπάν ([dialect] Ion. ἐπεάν) , ἐπειδάν: Hom. has ὅτε κε (sts. ὅτ' ἄν) , ὁππότε κε (sts. ὁπότ' ἄν or ὁππότ' ἄν) , ἐπεί κε ( ἐπεὶ ἄν Il.6.412
), ἐπήν, εὖτ' ἄν; v. also εἰσόκε ([etym.] εἰς ὅ κε):—τάων ἥν κ' ἐθέλωμι φίλην ποιήσομ' ἄκοιτιν whomsoever of these I may wish.., Il.9.397; ὅταν δὴ μὴ σθένω, πεπαύσομαι when I shall have no strength.., S.Ant.91; ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῖνος.. ὅς χ' ἕτερον μὲν κεύθῃ ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἄλλο δὲ εἴπῃ who ever conceals one thing in his mind and speaks another, Il.9.312, cf. D.4.6, Th.1.21. —Hom. uses subj. in both the above constructions (1 and 2 ) without ἄν; also Trag. and Com., S.Aj. 496, Ar.Eq. 805; μέχρι and πρίν occasionally take subj. without ἄν in prose, e.g. Th.1.137,4.16 ([etym.] μέχρι οὗ), Pl.Phd. 62c, Aeschin.3.60.

3 in final clauses introduced by relative Advbs., as ὡς, ὅπως (of Manner), ἵνα (of Place), ὄφρα, ἕως, etc. (of Time), freq. in [dialect] Ep., σαώτερος ὥς κε νέηαι Il.1.32
; ὄφρα κεν εὕδῃ Od.3.359
; ὅπως ἂν εἰδῇ.. φράσω A.Pr. 824
; ὅπως ἂν φαίνηται κάλλιστος Pl.Smp. 198e
; μηχανητέον ὅπως ἂν διαφύγῃ Grg. 481a
(where ὅπως with [tense] fut. ind. is the regular constr.); also after ὡς in Hdt., Trag., X.An.2.5.16, al., once in Th.6.91 (but [tense] fut. ind. is regular in [dialect] Att.); ἵνα final does not take ἄν or κε exc. ἵνα εἰδότες ἤ κε θάνωμεν ἤ κεν.. φύγοιμεν Od.12.156
( ἵνα = where in S.OC 405). μή, = lest, takes ἄν only with opt. in apodosis, as S.Tr. 631, Th.2.93.

II in [dialect] Ep. sts. with OPTATIVE as with subj. (always κε ([etym.] ν), exc. εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν Il.2.597
), εἴ κεν Ἄρης οἴχοιτο Od.8.353
; ὥς κε.. δοίη ᾧ κ' ἐθέλοι that he might give her to whomsoever he might please, ib.2.54: so in Hdt. in final clauses, 1.75,99:—in Od.23.135 ὥς κέν τις φαίη, κέν belongs to Verb in apod., as in ὡς δ' ἂν ἥδιστα ταῦτα φαίνοιτο X.Cyr.7.5.81
.

2 rarely in oratio obliqua, where a relat. or temp. word retains an ἄν which it would have with subj. in direct form, S.Tr. 687, X.Mem.1.2.6, Isoc.17.15; ἐπειδὰν δοκιμασθείην D.30.6
:—similarly after a preceding opt., οὐκ ἀποκρίναιο ἕως ἂν.. σκέψαιο Pl.Phd. 101d
.

III rarely with εἰ and INDICATIVE in protasis, only in [dialect] Ep.:

1 with [tense] fut. ind. as with subj.: αἴ κεν Ἰλίου πεφιδήσεται Il.15.213
:—so with relat., οἵ κέ με τιμήσουσι 1.175
.

2 with εἰ and a past tense of ind., once in Hom., εἰ δέ κ' ἔτι προτέρω γένετο δρόμος Il.23.526
; so Ζεὺς γάρ κ' ἔθηκε νῆσον εἴ κ' ἐβούλετο Orac. ap. Hdt.1.174, cf. Ar.Lys. 1099 (cod. R), A.R.1.197.

IV in later Greek, ἄν with relative words is used with INDICATIVE in all tenses, as ὅπου ἂν εἰσεπορεύετο Ev.Marc.6.56
; ὅσ' ἂν πάσχετε PFay. 136
(iv A. D.); ἔνθ' ἂν πέφυκεν ἡ ὁλότης εἶναι Phlp. in Ph.436.19
; cf. ἐάν, ὅταν.

C with [tense] impf. and more rarely [tense] aor. ind. in ITERATIVE construction, to express elliptically a condilion fulfilled whenever an opportumty offered; freq. in Hdt. (not in Pi. or A.), κλαίεσκε ἂν καὶ ὀδυρέσκετο she would (i. e. used to) weep and lament, 3.119; εἶτα πῦρ ἂν οὐ παρῆν S.Ph. 295
; εἴ τινες ἴδοιεν.., ἀνεθάρσησαν ἄν whenever they saw it, on each occasion, Th.7.71; διηρώτων ἂν αὐτοὺς τί λέγοιεν Pl.Ap. 22b
: inf. representing [tense] impf. of this constr., ἀκούω Λακεδαιμονίους τότε ἐμβαλόντας ἂν.. ἀναχωρεῖν, i. e. I hear they used to retire ([etym.] ἀνεχώρουν ἄν), D.9.48.

D GENERAL REMARKS:

I POSITION OF ἄν.

1 in A, when ἄν does not coalesce with the relat. word (as in ἐάν, ὅταν), it follows directly or is separated only by other particles, as μέν, δέ, τε, ga/r, kai/, νυ, περ, etc.; as εἰ μέν κεν.. εἰ δέ κε Il.3.281
-4; rarely by τις, as ὅποι τις ἄν, οἶμαι, προσθῇ D.2.14
:—in Hom. and Hes. two such Particles may precede κε, as εἴ περ γάρ κεν Od.8.355
, cf. Il.2.123; εἰ γάρ τίς κε, ὃς μὲν γάρ κε, Hes.Op. 280, 357; rarely in Prose, ὅποι μὲν γὰρ ἄν D.4.45
; ὁπότερος οὖν ἄν Ar.Ra. 1420
: also ὁπόσῳ πλέον ἄν Pl.Lg. 647e
, cf. 850a; ὅπου τὸ πάλαι λεγόμενον ἂν γίγνηται 739c
.

2 in apodosis, ἄν may stand either next to its Verb (before or after it), or after some other emphatic word, esp. an interrog., a negative (e. g. οὐδ' ἂν εἷς, οὐκ ἂν ἔτι, etc.), or an important Adjective or Adverb; also after a participle which represents the protasis, λέγοντος ἄν τινος πιστεῦσαι οἴεσθε; do you think they would have believed it if any one had told them? ([etym.] εἴ τις ἔλεγεν, ἐπίστευσαν ἄν), D.6.20.

3 ἄν is freq. separated from its inf. by such Verbs as οἴομαι, δοκέω, φημί, οἶδα, etc., οὐκ ἂν οἴει .. ; freq. in Pl., Grg. 486d, al.; καὶ νῦν ἡδέως ἄν μοι δοκῶ κοινωνῆσαι I think that I should, X.Cyr.8.7.25; οὕτω γὰρ ἄν μοι δοκεῖ ἥ τε πόλις ἄριστα διοικεῖσθαι Aeschin.3.2
; ἃ μήτε προῄδει μηδεὶς μήτ' ἂν ᾠήθη τήμερον ῥηθῆναι (where ἄν belongs to ῥηθῆναι) D. 18.225:—in the phrase οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ, or οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ, ἄν belongs not to οἶδα, but to the Verb which follows, οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ πείσαιμι, for οὐκ οἶδα εἰ πείσαιμι ἄν, E.Med. 941, cf. Alc.48; οὐκ ἂν οἶδ' εἰ δυναίμην Pl. Ti. 26b
; οὐκ οἶδ' ἂν εἰ ἐκτησάμην X.Cyr.5.4.12
.

4 ἄν never begins a sentence, or even a clause after a comma, but may stand first after a parenthetic clause, ἀλλ', ὦ μέλ', ἄν μοι σιτίων διπλῶν ἔδει Ar. Pax
<*>37.

II REPETITION OF ἄν:—in apodosis ἄν may be used twice or even three times with the same Verb, either to make the condition felt throughout a long sentence, or to emphasize certain words, ὥστ' ἄν, εἰ σθένος λάβοιμι, δηλώσαιμ' ἄν S.El. 333
, cf. Ant.69, A.Ag. 340, Th.1.76 (fin.), 2.41, Pl.Ap. 31a, Lys.20.15; ἀφανεῖς ἂν ὄντες οὐκ ἂν ὑμνήθημεν ἄν E.Tr. 1244
, cf. S.Fr. 739; attached to a parenthetical phrase, ἔδρασ' ἄν, εὖ τοῦτ' ἴσθ' ἄν, εἰ .. Id.OT 1438.

2 ἄν is coupled with κε ([etym.] ν ) a few times in Hom., as Il.11.187, 202, Od.5.361, al.; cf. ἤν περ γάρ κ' ἐθέλωσιν v.l. ib.18.318.

III ELLIPSIS OF VERB:—sts. the Verb to which ἄν belongs must be supplied, in Hom. only εἰμί, as τάτ' ἔλδεται ὅς κ' ἐπιδευής (sc. ᾖ) Il.5.481; ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν πρὸ τοῦ (sc. ἔρρεγκον) Ar.Nu.5; τί δ' ἂν δοκεῖ σοι Πρίαμος (sc. πρᾶξαι) , εἰ τάδ' ἤνυσεν; A.Ag. 935
:—so in phrases like πῶς γὰρ ἄν; and πῶς οὐκ ἄν (sc. εἴη); also in ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ (or ὡσπερανεί), as φοβούμενος ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ παῖς (i. e. ὥσπερ ἂν ἐφοβήθη εἰ παῖς ἦν) Pl.Grg. 479a; so τοσοῦτον ἐφρόνησαν, ὅσον περ ἂν (sc. ἐφρόνησαν) εἰ.. Isoc.10.48
:—so also when κἂν εἰ ( = καὶ ἂν εἰ) has either no Verb in the apod. or one to which ἄν cannot belong, Pl.R. 477a, Men. 72c; cf. κἄν:—so the Verb of a protasis containing ἄν may be understood, ὅποι τις ἂν προσθῇ, κἂν μικρὰν δύναμιν (i. e. καὶ ἐὰν προσθῇ) D.2.14; ὡς ἐμοῦ οὖν ἰόντος ὅπῃ ἂν καὶ ὑμεῖς (sc. ἴητε) X.An.1.3.6.

IV ELLIPSIS OF ἄν:—when an apodosis consists of several co-ordinate clauses, ἄν is generally used only in the first and understood in the others: πείθοι' ἂν εἰ πείθοι'· ἀπειθοίης δ' ἴσως A.Ag. 1049
: even when the construction is continued in a new sentence, Pl.R. 352e, cf. 439b codd.: but ἄν is repeated for the sake of clearness or emphasis, ib. 398a, cf. D.19.156 (where an opt. is implied with the third ὡς): rarely expressed with the second of two co-ordinate Verbs and understood with the first, τοῦτον ἂν.. θαρσοίην ἐγὼ καλῶς μὲν ἄρχειν, εὖ δ' ἂν ἄρχεσθαι θέλειν (i. e. καλῶς μὲν ἂν ἄρχοι, εὖ δ' ἂν θέλοι ἄρχεσθαι) S.Ant. 669.

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ἄν (B), [pron. full] [ᾱ], [dialect] Att.,

A = ἐάν, ἤν, Th.4.46 codd., al.; freq. in Pl., ἂν σωφρονῇ Phd. 61b
; ἂν θεὸς θέλῃ ib. 80d, cf. D.4.50; ἄν τ'.. ἄν τε Arist. Ath.48.4
: not common in earlier [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG1.2a5, 2.179b49, al.: but freq. later, SIG1044.27 (iv/iii B. C.), PPetr.2p.47 (iii B. C.), PPar.32.19 (ii B. C.), PTeb.110.8 (i B. C.), Ev.Jo.20.23, etc.

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ἄν (C) or [full] ἀν, Epic form of ἀνά, q. v.

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ἄν (D), shortened from ἄνα, v. sub ἀνά G.

Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄν

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