-
21 Bodenbildung
формирование почвы
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil formation
The combination of natural processes by which soils are formed. It is also known as pedogenesis. The most important soil-forming factors are parent material, terrain, climate, aspect, vegetation cover, microorganisms in the soil and the age of the land surface. Some pedologists would add to this list the influence of human activities. All the factors exhibit varying degrees of interrelationship and some are more important than others, with climate often being singled out as the most important. (Source: WHIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Bodenbildung
-
22 Bodenprozeß
почвенный процесс
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil process
The major processes in soils are gains, losses, transfers, and transformations of organic matter, soluble salts, carbonates, silicate clay minerals, sesquioxides, and silica. Gains consist normally of additions of organic matter, and of oxygen and water through oxidation and hydration, but in some sites slow continuous additions of new mineral materials take place at the surface or soluble materials are deposited from groundwater. Losses are chiefly of materials dissolved or suspended in water percolating through the profile or running off the surface. (Source: PARCOR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Bodenprozeß
-
23 Zerstörung der Waldbedeckung
разрушение лесного покрова
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest cover destruction
Destruction of forests is carried out in many countries in order to provide new land for agricultural or livestock purposes. It is often done without factors such as climate and topography having been sufficiently studied and on lands where slope nature of the soil or other physiographic characteristics clearly indicate that the land involved is suitable only for forest. Although these practices may lead to a temporary increase in productivity, there are also many indications that in the long run there is usually a decrease in productivity per unit of surface and that erosion and irreversible soil deterioration often accompany this process. Many factors contribute to forest cover destruction: timber production, clearance for agriculture, cutting for firewood and charcoal, fires, droughts, strip mining, pollution, urban development, population pressures, and warfare. (Source: WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Zerstörung der Waldbedeckung
-
24 Oberflächenabfluß
поверхностный сток воды
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
surface runoff
Water that travels over the soil surface to the nearest surface stream; runoff of a drainage basin that has not passed beneath the surface since precipitation. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Oberflächenabfluß
-
25 Bodenfeuchtigkeit
Bo·den·feuch·tig·keitf soil moisture, ground humidity* * *Bodenfeuchte f; nur sg, Bodenfeuchtigkeit f Erde: soil ( oder ground oder surface) humidity; (Bodennässe) soil moisture; Haus: rising damp -
26 Bodenbelastung
нагрузка на землю
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil loading
In soil mechanics and civil engineering the term is used to denote the increased weight brought to bear on the ground surface. (Source: WHIT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Bodenbelastung
-
27 Gleitfläche
поверхность скольжения
Поверхность внутри массива грунта, по которой происходит сдвиг при достижении состояния предельного равновесия
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Gleitfläche
-
28 Bodenschutzrecht
законодательство в области сохранения почв
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil conservation legislation
A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to protect and prevent the loss of an area's surface layer of decomposed rock and organic material, valued for its nutrients and ability to support life. (Source: DES)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Bodenschutzrecht
-
29 Bodenkarte
карта почв
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil map
A two-dimensional representation that shows the areal extent or the distribution of soils in relation to other features of the land surface. (Source: ALL)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Bodenkarte
-
30 Bodenoberfläche
f < geo> ■ soil surface; ground surface -
31 Land
n <av> ■ LANC editn <tech.allg> (fester Boden) ■ groundn < agri> ■ soiln < edv> (von opt. Speichermedien; z.B. CDs) ■ land; mirror surface; reflective surface; space; flat arean < geo> ■ land -
32 Versickerung
просачивание
Проникновение воды в почвогрунты и движение ее вниз.
[ ГОСТ 19179-73]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
просачивание воды
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water seepage
The slow movement of water through small openings and spaces in the surface of unsaturated soil into or out of a body of surface or subsurface water. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Versickerung
-
33 schicht
f; -, -en1. layer; GEOL. stratum (Pl. strata); BERGB. seam; Farbe: coat (-ing), layer; Öl: film; FOT. emulsion; eine dicke Schicht Staub a thick layer of dust; eine dünne Schicht Humus a thin layer of humus2. fig., SOZIOL. class, Pl. auch social strata; breite Schichten der Bevölkerung: large sections; die gebildete Schicht the educated class; die herrschenden / untersten Schichten the ruling / lower classes; aus allen Schichten from all levels of society3. Arbeitszeit: shift; Schicht haben, auf Schicht sein be on shift; in der zweiten Schicht on the second shift; Schicht arbeiten work shifts, do shift work; Schicht machen umg. call it a day, knock off (work)* * *die Schicht(Arbeit) shift work; shift;(Farbe) coat; coating;(Gesellschaft) rank; class;(Lage) seam; stratum; layer; flake;(Ölfilm) film* * *Schịcht [ʃɪçt]f -, -en1) (= Lage) layer; (= dünne Schicht) film; (GEOL, SCI) layer, stratum; (= Farbschicht) coat; (der Gesellschaft) level, stratum2) (= Arbeitsabschnitt, -gruppe etc) shifter ist auf Schicht (inf) — he's on shift
* * *die1) (layer: a bed of chalk below the surface.) bed2) (a covering (eg of paint): This wall will need two coats of paint.) coat3) ((the system according to which people belong to) one of a number of economic/social groups: the upper class; the middle class; the working class; ( also adjective) the class system.) class4) (a layer (of coal, iron etc) occurring naturally in rock: rich deposits of iron ore.) deposit5) (a group of people who begin work on a job when another group stop work: The night shift does the heavy work.) shift6) (the period during which such a group works: an eight-hour shift; ( also adjective) shift work.) shift7) (a thin line or layer of coal etc in the earth: a coal seam.) seam* * *Schicht1<-, -en>[ʃɪçt]f1. (aufgetragene Lage) layereine \Schicht Farbe/Lack a coat of paint/varnish; (eine dünne Lage) film2. (eine von mehreren Lagen) layer3. ARCHÄOL, GEOL stratum, layer4. (Gesellschaftsschicht) class, stratumdie herrschende \Schicht the ruling classesalle \Schichten der Bevölkerung all levels of societySchicht2<-, -en>[ʃɪçt]f shift\Schicht arbeiten to do shift workdie \Schicht wechseln to change shifts* * *die; Schicht, Schichten1) layer; (Geol.) stratum; (von Farbe) coat; (sehr dünn) film2) (GesellschaftsSchicht) stratumbreite Schichten [der Bevölkerung] — broad sections of the population
3) (Abschnitt eines Arbeitstages, Arbeitsgruppe) shiftSchicht arbeiten — work shifts; be on shift work
* * *…schicht f im subst1. (Lage):Bodenschicht layer of soil;Lössschicht layer of loess;Kulturschicht cultural level2. (Masse):Dämmschicht, Isolierschicht insulating layer, insulation;Quarkschicht quark layer;Rostschicht layer of rust3. (Klasse):Arbeiterschicht working class* * *die; Schicht, Schichten1) layer; (Geol.) stratum; (von Farbe) coat; (sehr dünn) film2) (GesellschaftsSchicht) stratumbreite Schichten [der Bevölkerung] — broad sections of the population
3) (Abschnitt eines Arbeitstages, Arbeitsgruppe) shiftSchicht arbeiten — work shifts; be on shift work
* * *-en f.coat n.film n.layer n.ply n.seam n.shift (work) n.strata n.stratum n.(§ pl.: strata) -
34 Oberfläche der Bodenpartikel
f < ents> ■ surface of the soil particlesGerman-english technical dictionary > Oberfläche der Bodenpartikel
-
35 Untergrund
m < bau> ■ subsoil; subgrade; underground; undersoil; undersurfacem <geo.ents> (unter Deponie) ■ underlying soil; underlying strata; underground strata; bedding layer; footing -
36 Bodenfeuchte
Bodenfeuchte f soil wetness, surface humidityDeutsch-Englisch Fachwörterbuch Architektur und Bauwesen > Bodenfeuchte
-
37 Bodenversiegelung
fsealing of the soil surface -
38 Grundwasser
воды грунтовые
Подземные воды первого от поверхности земли постоянного водоносного горизонта, образующиеся главным образом за счёт просачивания в грунт атмосферных и поверхностных вод
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
воды подземные
Воды, находящиеся в горных породах земной коры в любых физических состояниях.
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]
воды подземные
Находятся в почвах и горных породах земной коры в любых физических состояниях, включая и химически связанную.
[ Словарь геологических терминов и понятий. Томский Государственный Университет]Тематики
- геология, геофизика
Обобщающие термины
EN
DE
FR
подземные воды
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
groundwater
Water that occupies pores and crevices in rock and soil, below the surface and above a layer of impermeable material. It is free to move gravitationally, either downwards towards the impermeable layer or by following a gradient. (Source: ALL)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Grundwasser
-
39 Geographie
география
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
geography
The study of the natural features of the earth's surface, comprising topography, climate, soil, vegetation, etc. and man's response to them. (Source: CED)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Geographie
-
40 Dränung
грунтовой дренаж
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
subsoil drainage
The removal of surplus water from within the soil by natural or artificial means, such as by drains placed below the surface to lower the water table below the root zone. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
дрена
Подземный искусственный водоток, труба, канава, полость для понижения уровня, сбора и отвода грунтовых вод
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]EN
DE
FR
дренаж
Отвод грунтовых вод с помощью системы подземных водотоков (дрен) или открытых канав и лотков
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]
дренаж
Устройства для сбора и отвода профильтровавшихся и подземных вод
[ ГОСТ 19185-73]
дренаж
Устройство для сбора и отвода профильтровавшихся вод.
[РД 01.120.00-КТН-228-06]
дренаж
Устройство для частичного или полного перехвата фильтрационного потока в основании или внутри водоподпорного сооружения, сбора и отвода профильтровавшихся вод.
[СО 34.21.308-2005]
дренаж
Часть мембранного элемента, расположенная непосредственно под мембраной и обеспечивающая её целостность и отвод от неё проникающего пермеата. Необходимые свойства Д. – незжимаемость, гладкость поверхности и пористость.
[РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева, кафедра мембранной технологии]
Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Немецко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > Dränung
См. также в других словарях:
surface soil — noun the layer of soil on the surface • Syn: ↑topsoil • Hypernyms: ↑soil, ↑dirt * * * noun : the upper 5 to 8 inches of the soil layer : the portion of the soil usually tilled … Useful english dictionary
Soil horizon — Soil samples illustrating horizons (subsoil on right) A soil horizon is a specific layer in the land area that is parallel to the soil surface and possesses physical characteristics which differ from the layers above and beneath … Wikipedia
Soil morphology — is the field observable attributes of the soil within the various soil horizons and the description of the kind and arrangement of the horizons. [cite book | last = Buol | first = Stanley W. | authorlink = | coauthors = Southard, Randal J.,… … Wikipedia
Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite — Global soil moisture and ocean salinity measurements are needed to better understand Earth’s water cycle and climate. Currently, there is no thorough dataset on soil moisture or ocean salinity. Current satellites operated by NASA have provided… … Wikipedia
soil creep — noun : slow down slope movement of earth materials under the influence of gravitation * * * Geol. creep of soil on even slopes; often accelerated by spring freeze and thaw or general periglacial conditions. Cf. creep (def. 17a). [1895 1900] * * * … Useful english dictionary
Soil conservation — is set of management strategies for prevention of soil being eroded from the earth’s surface or becoming chemically altered by overuse, salinization, acidification, or other chemical soil contamination. The principal approaches these strategies… … Wikipedia
Soil pH — is the pH of soil water. It is based on the measurement of pH, which depends on the activity of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.There are many different methods to collect soil water, all which influence the measured soil pH in one way or… … Wikipedia
Soil structure — is determined by how individual soil granules clump or bind together and aggregate, and therefore, the arrangement of soil pores between them. Soil structure has a major influence on water and air movement, biological activity, root growth and… … Wikipedia
Soil science — is the study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the earth including soil formation, classification and mapping; physical, chemical, biological, and fertility properties of soils; and these properties in relation to the use and… … Wikipedia
Soil salinity — is the salt content in the soil. [ [http://europeandcis.undp.org/WaterWiki/index.php/Soil salinity from Soil salinity in WaterWiki, the on line Knowledge and Collaboration Tool of the Community of Practice (CoP) on Water and UNDP related… … Wikipedia
Surface mining — is a type of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit are removed. It is the opposite of underground mining, in which the overlying rock is left in place, and the mineral removed through shafts or tunnels. Surface mining is… … Wikipedia
