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101 dignity
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102 drama
drama [ˈdrα:mə]1. nouna. ( = theatre) théâtre mb. ( = play) pièce f de théâtrec. ( = catastrophe) drame m2. compounds* * *['drɑːmə] 1.noun ( genre) gen théâtre m; Television, Radio ( as opposed to documentary programmes) fiction f; (acting, directing) art m dramatique; (play, dramatic event) drame m; Television, Radio dramatique f2.drama critic — critique m dramatique
drama documentary — Television reportage m fiction
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103 dream
dream [dri:m](verb: preterite, past participle dreamed or dreamt)1. nouna. rêve m• to have a dream about sb/sth rêver de qn/qch• sweet dreams! fais de beaux rêves !• the man/house of my dreams l'homme/la maison de mes rêves• never in my wildest dreams would I have thought that... jamais, même dans mes rêves les plus fous, je n'aurais imaginé que...b. (when awake) to be in a dream (inf) ( = not paying attention) être dans les nuages ; ( = daydreaming) rêvasser• isn't he a dream? n'est-ce pas qu'il est adorable ?2. adjective• to dream of sb/sth rêver de qn/qchb. ( = imagine, envisage) songer (of à)• I would never have dreamt of doing such a thing je n'aurais jamais songé à faire une chose pareille• I wouldn't dream of telling her! jamais il ne me viendrait à l'idée de lui dire cela !• will you come? -- I wouldn't dream of it! vous allez venir ? -- jamais de la vie !a. (in sleep) rêver• you must have dreamt it! vous avez dû (le) rêver !b. ( = imagine) imaginer• if I had dreamt you would do that... si j'avais pu imaginer un instant que tu ferais cela...• I didn't dream he would come! je n'ai jamais imaginé un instant qu'il viendrait ![+ idea] imaginer• where did you dream that up? où est-ce que vous êtes allé pêcher ça ? (inf)* * *[driːm] 1.noun rêve m2. 3.I had a dream about something/about doing — j'ai rêvé de quelque chose/que je faisais
1) ( while asleep) rêver ( that que)2) ( imagine)4.he dreamt about ou of something/doing — il a rêvé de quelque chose/qu'il faisait
you must be dreaming if you think... — tu te fais des illusions si tu crois que...
Phrasal Verbs:- dream up -
104 drip
drip [drɪp][water, sweat, rain] dégouliner ; [tap] goutter ; [washing] s'égoutter ; [hair, trees] ruisseler ( with de)[+ liquid] laisser tomber goutte à goutte3. nouna. ( = sound) we listened to the drip, drip, drip of the rain nous écoutions le bruit de la pluieb. ( = drop) goutte f• he's such a drip! quelle lavette ! (inf)4. compounds► drip-feed transitive verb [+ patient] alimenter par perfusion ; [+ money, information] donner au compte-gouttes* * *[drɪp] 1.1) goutte f (qui tombe)2.transitive verb (p prés etc - pp-) [object] laisser tomber [quelque chose] goutte à goutte [liquid]; [person] dégouliner de [sweat, blood]3.to drip something onto ou down something — faire goutter quelque chose sur quelque chose
intransitive verb (p prés etc - pp-)1) [liquid] tomber goutte à goutteto drip from ou off — dégouliner de
2) [tap, branches] goutter; [washing] s'égoutter; [engine] fuirto be dripping with — dégouliner de [liquid]; ruisseler de [sweat]
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105 envisage
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106 extent
extent [ɪkˈstent]c. ( = degree) mesure f• to what extent? dans quelle mesure ?• to such an extent that... à tel point que...* * *[ɪk'stent]1) ( size) (of park, problem) étendue f2) ( amount) ( of damage) ampleur f; (of knowledge, influence) étendue f; ( of involvement) importance f3) ( degree) mesure fto what extent...? — dans quelle mesure...?
to a certain/great extent — dans une certaine/large mesure
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107 fool
fool [fu:l]1. nouna. imbécile mf• don't be a fool! ne sois pas stupide !• what a fool I was to think... ce que j'ai pu être bête de penser...• more fool you! (inf) ce que tu es bête !• to make a fool of sb ( = ridicule) ridiculiser qn• you can't fool me! je ne marche pas ! (inf)a. ( = waste time) perdre son tempsb. ( = play the fool) faire l'imbécile• stop fooling around! arrête de faire l'imbécile !• to fool around with sth ( = play with) faire l'imbécile avec qch ; ( = mess with) [+ drugs, drink, electricity] toucher à qch (inf)c. ( = have an affair) avoir une liaison* * *[fuːl] 1.1) ( silly person) idiot/-e m/f ( to do de faire)you stupid fool! — (colloq) espèce d'idiot/-e!
to make somebody look a fool — faire passer quelqu'un pour un/-e idiot/-e
any fool could do that — (colloq) le premier imbécile venu pourrait faire ça (colloq)
to act ou play the fool — faire l'imbécile, faire le pitre
3) GB Culinary2.fruit fool — crème f aux fruits
(colloq) noun modifier US [ politician] idiot3.transitive verb tromper, duperto fool somebody into believing that... — faire croire à quelqu'un que...
to be fooled — se laisser abuser (by par)
Phrasal Verbs:••a fool and his money are soon parted — Prov aux idiots l'argent file entre les doigts
you could have fooled me! — (colloq) tu m'en diras tant! (colloq)
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108 free
free [fri:]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. adjective2. adverb4. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. adjectivea. [person, animal, country] libre• to go free [prisoner] être relâché• they had to cut the driver free from the wreckage ils ont dû désincarcérer le conducteur du véhicule accidenté• it's a free country! on est en république ! (inf)• to be/get free of sb être débarrassé/se débarrasser de qn• is this seat free? est-ce que cette place est libre ?• a school where children feel free to express themselves une école où les enfants se sentent libres de s'exprimer• can I borrow your pen? -- feel free (inf) est-ce que je peux vous emprunter votre stylo ? -- je vous en prie► free from or of ( = without)b. ( = costing nothing) [object, ticket] gratuit• "free mug with each towel" « une chope gratuite pour tout achat d'une serviette »c. ( = lavish) généreux• you're very free with your advice (ironic) vous êtes particulièrement prodigue de conseils (ironique)2. adverba. ( = without payment) [give, get, travel] gratuitementb. ( = without restraint) [run about] en libertéc. ( = expressing release) to pull free se dégager• to wriggle free [person] se libérer en se tortillanta. ( = liberate) [+ nation, slave, caged animal, prisoner] libérer ; [+ person] (from wreckage) dégager ; (from burden) soulagerb. ( = untie) [+ person, animal] détacher4. compounds• to be a free agent avoir toute liberté d'action ► Free Church noun (British) église f non-conformiste adjective► free-floating adjective (in water, space) qui flotte librement ; (figurative) [person] sans attaches* * *[friː] 1.noun (also free period) School ≈ heure f de libre2.1) (unhindered, unrestricted) [person, country, election, press, translation] libre (after n); [access, choice] libre (before n)to break free of ou from — se libérer de
2) ( not captive or tied) [person, limb] libre; [animal, bird] en libertéto set [somebody/something] free — libérer [person]; rendre la liberté à [animal]
they had to cut the driver free (from his car) — on a dû couper la tôle de la voiture pour dégager le chauffeur
the boat broke free from ou of its moorings — le bateau a rompu ses amarres
3) ( devoid)to be free from ou of somebody — être libéré de quelqu'un
free from ou of pollution — dépourvu de pollution
a day free from ou of interruptions — une journée sans interruptions
she was free from ou of any hatred — elle n'éprouvait aucune haine
this soup is free from ou of artificial colourings — cette soupe ne contient pas de colorants artificiels
4) ( costing nothing) gratuit‘admission free’ — ‘entrée gratuite’
free gift — Commerce cadeau m
you can't expect a free ride — fig on n'a rien pour rien
5) ( not occupied) libre6) (generous, lavish)to be free with — être généreux/-euse avec [food]; être prodigue de [advice]
7) ( familiar) familier/-ière8) Chemistry libre9) Linguistics [form] non lié; [vowel, stress] libre3.1) ( at liberty) librement, en toute libertéto go free — [hostage] être libéré; [criminal] circuler en toute liberté
2) ( without payment) gratuitement4.transitive verb1) ( from captivity) libérer; ( from wreckage) dégagerto free somebody from — débarrasser quelqu'un de [prejudice]; décharger quelqu'un de [blame]; délivrer quelqu'un de [oppression, guilt]; soulager quelqu'un de [suffering]
2) ( make available) débloquer [money, resources]; libérer [person, hands]5.6.to free oneself from — se dégager de [chains, wreckage]; se libérer de [influence]; se débarrasser de [burden]; se décharger de [blame]; se délivrer de [guilt]
- free combining formsmoke/sugar-free — sans fumée/sucre
7.interest-free — Finance sans intérêt
for free adverbial phrase gratuitement••to have a free hand — avoir carte blanche (in pour)
free as a bird ou the air — libre comme l'air
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109 from
from [frɒm]a. de• where are you from? d'où êtes-vous (originaire) ?• he took/stole it from them il le leur a pris/volé• he went from office boy to director in five years de garçon de bureau, il est passé directeur en cinq ans• from her childhood onwards... dès son enfance...c. (used with prices, numbers) à partir de• wine from 10 euros a bottle vins à partir de 10 € la bouteilled. (source) to drink from a stream/a glass boire à un ruisseau/dans un verree. (cause, reason) he died from his injuries il est mort des suites de ses blessures• from what I heard... d'après ce que j'ai entendu...• from what I can see... à ce que je vois...• from the look of things... à en juger par les apparences...* * *[frəm, frɒm]Note: When from is used as a straightforward preposition in English it is translated by de in French: from Rome = de Rome; from the sea = de la mer; from Lisa = de Lisa. Remember that de + le always becomes du: from the office = du bureau, and de + les always becomes des: from the United States = des États-Unisfrom is often used after verbs in English ( suffer from, benefit from etc). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (suffer, benefit etc)from is used after certain nouns and adjectives in English ( shelter from, exemption from, free from, safe from etc). For translations, consult the appropriate noun or adjective entry (shelter, exemption, free, safe etc)This dictionary contains usage notes on such topics as nationalities, countries and continents, provinces and regions. Many of these use the preposition from. For the index to these notesFor examples of the above and particular usages of from, see the entry belowwhere is he from? — d'où est-il?, d'où vient-il?
2) ( expressing distance)3) ( expressing time span)one month from now — dans un mois, d'ici un mois
4) ( using as a basis)5) ( working for)6) ( among)to select ou choose ou pick from — choisir parmi
7) ( indicating a source)8) (expressing extent, range)wine from £5 a bottle — du vin à partir de 5 livres la bouteille
to rise from 10 to 17% — passer de 10 à 17%
everything from paperclips to wigs — tout, des trombones aux perruques
9) ( in subtraction)10) (because of, due to)11) ( judging by) d'aprèsfrom the way he talks you'd think he was an expert — à l'entendre, on dirait un spécialiste
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110 fun
fun [fʌn]1. nouna. ( = amusement) he had great fun il s'est beaucoup amusé• have fun! (inf) amusez-vous bien !• what fun! ce que c'est amusant !• to spoil his (or our etc) fun [person] jouer les trouble-fête ; [event, weather] gâcher le plaisir• we had a bit of fun getting the car started (inf) ( = difficulty) pour faire partir la voiture ça n'a pas été une partie de plaisirb. ► to make fun of sb/sth se moquer de qn/qch2. adjective3. compounds* * *[fʌn]noun plaisir m, amusement mto have fun — s'amuser ( doing en faisant; with avec)
it is fun to do something —
to do something for fun —
half the fun of doing is... — le plus beau de faire est...
••to make fun of ou poke fun at — se moquer de
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111 grip
grip [grɪp]1. nouna. poigne f• the country is in the grip of a recession/of a severe drought le pays est en proie à la récession/à une sécheresse terrible► to lose one's grip (on object) lâcher prise• I must be losing my grip! (inf) je ne fais que des bêtises !• to lose one's grip on reality perdre le sens de la réalité► to get a grip on sth [+ object] empoigner qch• to get a grip on o.s. (inf) se ressaisir• get a grip on yourself! (inf) ressaisis-toi !2. plural noun• we have never had to come to grips with such a situation nous n'avons jamais été confrontés à pareille situationa. ( = grasp) [+ rope, sb's arm] saisir ; ( = hold) tenir serré• to grip the road [tyres] adhérer à la chausséeb. [fear] saisirc. ( = interest strongly) [film, story] captiver[wheels] adhérer ; [screw, vice, brakes] mordre* * *[grɪp] 1.1) ( hold) prise f (on sur)to tighten/relax one's grip on — resserrer/relâcher sa prise sur
2) ( control)3) ( ability to hold) ( of tyre) adhérence f4) ( clutches)5) ( bag) sac m de voyage6) Cinema accessoiriste mf2.transitive verb (p prés etc - pp-)2) ( adhere to) [tyres] adhérer à [road]; [shoes] accrocher à [ground]3) ( captivate) captiver -
112 hassle
1. noun• what a hassle! quelle histoire !• it's a hassle! c'est toute une histoire !• it's no hassle! ce n'est pas un problème !• preparing for a wedding is such a hassle les préparatifs d'un mariage, c'est toute une affaire( = harass) embêter• stop hassling me, will you? arrête donc de m'embêter !* * *1.(colloq) ['hæsl] noun complications fpl2.to give somebody hassle — embêter quelqu'un (colloq) ( about à propos de)
transitive verb talonner ( about à propos de) -
113 have
have [hæv]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━2. modal verb4. noun━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━a. avoir━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► avoir is the auxiliary used with most verbs to form past tenses. For important exceptions see below.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• haven't you grown! comme tu as grandi !━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Note the agreement of the past participle with the preceding direct object.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• if I had seen her I would have spoken to her si je l'avais vue, je lui aurais parlé━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When describing uncompleted states or actions, French generally uses the present and imperfect where English uses the perfect and past perfect.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• I have lived or have been living here for 10 years/since January j'habite ici depuis 10 ans/depuis janvier• I had lived or had been living there for 10 years j'habitais là depuis 10 ans► to have just... venir de...b. être━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► être is the auxiliary used with all reflexives, and the following verbs when used intransitively: aller, arriver, descendre, devenir, entrer, monter, mourir, naître, partir, passer, rentrer, rester, retourner, revenir, sortir, tomber, venir.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• you've seen her, haven't you? vous l'avez vue, n'est-ce pas ?• he hasn't told anyone, has he? il n'en a parlé à personne, n'est-ce pas ?d. (in tag responses) he's got a new job -- oh has he? il a un nouveau travail -- ah bon ?• you've dropped your book -- so I have! vous avez laissé tomber votre livre -- en effet !━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► (mais) si or (mais) non are used to contradict.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• you haven't seen her -- yes I have! vous ne l'avez pas vue -- (mais) si !• you've made a mistake -- no I haven't! vous vous êtes trompé -- mais non !━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• have you met him? -- yes I have est-ce que tu l'as rencontré ? -- oui• has he arrived? -- no he hasn't est-ce qu'il est arrivé ? -- none. (avoiding repetition of verb) have you ever been there? if you have... y êtes-vous déjà allé ? si oui,...• have you tried it? if you haven't... est-ce que vous avez goûté ça ? si vous ne l'avez pas fait,...2. modal verb━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► falloir is always used in the third person singular, in an impersonal construction. Note that falloir que is always followed by the subjunctive.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• you're going to have to work hard! tu vas devoir travailler dur ! il va falloir que tu travailles dur !• I'll have to leave now or I'll miss the train il faut que je parte, sinon je vais rater mon train• don't you have to get permission? est-ce qu'on ne doit pas demander la permission ?• do you have to go now? est-ce que vous devez partir tout de suite ?• we've had to work late twice this week nous avons dû rester travailler tard deux fois cette semaine• what kind of equipment would you have to have? quel type de matériel vous faudrait-il ?• it has to be the biggest scandal this year c'est sans aucun doute le plus gros scandale de l'année• do you have to make such a noise? tu ne pourrais pas faire un peu moins de bruit ?► don't/doesn't have to + infinitive━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• you didn't have to tell her! tu n'avais pas besoin de le lui dire !• I don't have to do it je ne suis pas obligé or forcé de le fairea. avoir• I have or I've got three books j'ai trois livres• have you got a suitcase? avez-vous une valise ?• have you got this jumper in black? est-ce que vous avez ce pull en noir ?b. ( = eat, drink, take) he had an egg for breakfast il a mangé un œuf au petit déjeuner• shall we have a coffee? on prend un café ?► will you have...? (in offers)will you have tea or coffee? vous prendrez du thé ou du café ?c. ( = spend) passer• what sort of day have you had? est-ce que tu as passé une bonne journée ?d. ( = smoke) fumere. ( = catch) tenir• I've got him where I want him! (inf) je le tiens !► to let sb have ( = give) donner à qn• I'll let you have it for $100 je vous le cède pour 100 dollars► must have or have to have• I must have £50 at once il me faut 50 livres immédiatement• I must or have to have them by this afternoon il me les faut pour cet après-midi► won't have ( = refuse to accept)I won't have this nonsense! je ne tolérerai pas ces enfantillages !• I won't have it! je ne tolérerai pas ça !• I won't have him risking his neck on that motorbike je ne veux pas qu'il risque sa vie sur cette moto► would have ( = wish)what would you have me do? que voulez-vous que je fasse ?• he had his worst fears confirmed ses pires craintes se sont réalisées► to have sb do sth faire faire qch à qn• she soon had them all reading and writing elle a réussi très rapidement à leur apprendre à lire et à écrire► had better ( = should)4. nouna. faire venira. [+ clothes] porterb. (British = have planned) I've got so much on this week that... j'ai tant de choses à faire cette semaine que...d. Richard has nothing on him! (inf) Richard ne lui arrive pas à la cheville !• the police have nothing on me (inf) la police n'a pas de preuve contre moi► have out separable transitive verb[+ friends, neighbours] inviter* * *[hæv, həv] 1.transitive verb ( uses not covered in NOTE)1) ( possess) avoir2) ( consume) prendre3) ( want) vouloir, prendrewhat will you have? — qu'est-ce que vous prendrez or voulez?
I wouldn't have him/her any other way — c'est comme ça que je l'aime
4) (receive, get) recevoir [letter, information]5) ( hold) faire [party, celebration]; tenir [meeting]; organiser [competition, ballot, exhibition]; avoir [conversation]; mener [enquiry]6) (exert, exhibit) avoir [effect, influence]; avoir [courage, courtesy] ( to do de faire)7) ( spend) passerto have a nice day/evening — passer une journée/soirée agréable
to have a hard ou bad time — traverser une période difficile
8) ( be provided with) (also have got)I have ou I've got letters to write — j'ai du courrier à faire
9) (undergo, suffer) avoirto have (the) flu/a heart attack — avoir la grippe/une crise cardiaque
to have an interview — avoir or passer un entretien
10) ( cause to be done)they would have us believe that... — ils voudraient nous faire croire que...
I would have you know that... — je voudrais que vous sachiez que...
11) ( cause to become)we'll soon have everything ready/clean — nous aurons bientôt fini de tout préparer/nettoyer
if you're not careful you'll have that glass over — si tu ne fais pas attention tu vas renverser le verre
12) ( allow) tolérer13) ( physically hold) tenirshe had him by the throat/by the arm — elle le tenait à la gorge/par le bras
14) ( give birth to) [woman] avoir [child]; [animal] mettre bas, avoir [young]15) ( as impersonal verb)over here, we have a painting by Picasso — ici vous avez un tableau de Picasso
what we have here is a small group of extremists — ce à quoi nous avons affaire ici, est un petit groupe d'extrémistes
16) ( puzzle)you have ou you've got me there! — là tu me poses une colle! (colloq)
17) ( have at one's mercy) (also have got)2.I've got you/him now! — maintenant je te/le tiens!
modal auxiliary1) ( must)I have (got) to leave now — je dois partir maintenant, il faut que je parte maintenant
2) ( need to)you don't have to ou you haven't got to leave so early — tu n'as pas besoin de or tu n'es pas obligé de partir si tôt
3) ( for emphasis)3.this has (got) to be the most difficult decision I've ever made — c'est sans doute la décision la plus difficile que j'aie jamais eu à prendre
1) gen avoir; ( with movement and reflexive verbs) être2) ( in tag questions etc)you've seen the film, haven't you? — tu as vu le film, n'est-ce pas?
you haven't seen the film, have you? — tu n'as pas vu le film?
you haven't seen my bag, have you? — tu n'as pas vu mon sac, par hasard?
‘he's already left’ - ‘has he indeed!’ — ‘il est déjà parti’ - ‘vraiment!’
4.‘you've never met him’ - ‘yes I have!’ — ‘tu ne l'as jamais rencontré’ - ‘mais si!’
having auxiliary verb1) ( in time clauses)having finished his breakfast, he went out — après avoir fini son petit déjeuner, il est sorti
2) (because, since)•Phrasal Verbs:- have in- have on- have up••this car/TV has had it — (colloq) cette voiture/télé est foutue (colloq)
when your father finds out, you've had it! — (colloq) ( in trouble) quand ton père l'apprendra, ça va être ta fête! (colloq)
I can't do any more, I've had it! — (colloq) ( tired) je n'en peux plus, je suis crevé! (colloq)
I've had it (up to here) with... — (colloq) j'en ai marre de... (colloq)
to have it in for somebody — (colloq) avoir quelqu'un dans le collimateur (colloq)
she has/doesn't have it in her to do — elle est capable/incapable de faire
and the ayes/noes have it — les oui/non l'emportent
...and what have you —...etc
there is no milk/there are no houses to be had — on ne trouve pas de lait/de maisons
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114 hear
hear [hɪər](preterite, past participle heard)a. entendre• did you hear what he said? avez-vous entendu ce qu'il a dit ?• I heard him say that... je l'ai entendu dire que...• to make o.s. heard se faire entendre• to hear him talk you'd think he was an expert à l'entendre, on dirait que c'est un expert• I have heard it said that... j'ai entendu dire que...• let's hear it for... (inf) un grand bravo pour...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• can you hear him? vous l'entendez ?• I can't hear you! je ne vous entends pas !b. ( = learn) have you heard the news? connaissez-vous la nouvelle ?• have you heard the one about the Scotsman who... tu connais l'histoire de l'Écossais qui...• did you hear if she's accepted the job? savez-vous si elle a accepté le poste ?c. ( = listen to) [+ lecture] assister à• to hear a case [judge] entendre une cause• the court has been hearing evidence that he was... le tribunal a entendu des témoignages selon lesquels il aurait été...a. entendreb. ( = get news) avoir des nouvelles• to hear about or of sb/sth entendre parler de qn/qch• I've never heard of him! je ne le connais pas !• I've never heard of such a thing! je n'ai jamais entendu parler d'une chose pareille !• no! I won't hear of it! non, je ne veux pas en entendre parler !3. exclamation• hear, hear! bravo !* * *[hɪə(r)] 1.(prét, pp heard) transitive verb1) entendreto hear her talk, you'd think (that) — à l'entendre, on croirait que
we haven't heard the end ou last of it — on n'a pas fini d'en entendre parler
to make oneself ou one's voice heard — lit se faire entendre; fig faire entendre sa voix
2) ( learn) apprendre [news, rumour]have you heard the one about...? — ( joke) tu connais celle de...?
so I hear —
to hear whether/why/how — savoir si/pourquoi/comment
3) ( listen to) écouter [lecture, broadcast]; [judge] entendre [case, evidence]2.to hear Mass — sout assister à la messe
intransitive verb entendrePhrasal Verbs:- hear of- hear out•• -
115 IN
in [ɪn]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. preposition2. adverb3. adjective4. plural noun5. compounds━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. preposition━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When in is an element in a phrasal verb, eg ask in, fill in, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg in danger, weak in, look up the other word.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► in it/them ( = inside it, inside them) dedans• our bags were stolen, and our passports were in them on nous a volé nos sacs et nos passeports étaient dedansb. (people, animals, plants) chez► in + feminine countries, regions, islands en━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Feminine countries usually end in -e.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► en is also used with masculine countries beginning with a vowel or silent h.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► in + masculine country au• in Japan/Kuwait au Japon/Koweït━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Note also the following:━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► in + plural country/group of islands aux━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━e. (month, year, season) en• in summer/autumn/winter en été/automne/hiver━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━f. ( = wearing) eng. (language, medium, material) en• in marble/velvet en marbre/veloursj. ( = while) en• in trying to save her he fell into the water himself en essayant de la sauver, il est tombé à l'eau2. adverba. ( = inside) à l'intérieur• she opened the door and they all rushed in elle a ouvert la porte et ils se sont tous précipités à l'intérieur━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━b. (at home, work)━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• you're never in! tu n'es jamais chez toi !• is Paul in? est-ce que Paul est là ?━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► to be in may require a more specific translation.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► in between + noun/pronoun entre• he positioned himself in between the two weakest players il s'est placé entre les deux joueurs les plus faibles• in between adventures, he finds time for... entre deux aventures, il trouve le temps de...► to be in for sth ( = be threatened with)• you don't know what you're in for! (inf) tu ne sais pas ce qui t'attend !• he's in for it! (inf) il va en prendre pour son grade ! (inf)► to be in on sth (inf) ( = know about)the new treatment is preferable in that... le nouveau traitement est préférable car...► to be well in with sb (inf) être dans les petits papiers de qn (inf)3. adjective• it's the in thing to... c'est très à la mode de...4. plural noun5. compounds• to have in-service training faire un stage d'initiation ► in-store adjective [detective] employé par le magasin* * *US Postal services abrév écrite = Indiana -
116 indictment
indictment [ɪnˈdaɪtmənt]( = bill) acte m d'accusation ( for de ) ; ( = process) mise f en examen ( for pour ) ; (US) accusation f (par le jury d'accusation)• such poverty is an indictment of the political system une telle pauvreté est une véritable mise en cause du système politique* * *[ɪn'daɪtmənt]1) Law acte m d'accusationunder indictment for murder — inculpé/-e de meurtre
2) ( criticism) mise f en accusation -
117 involve
involve [ɪnˈvɒlv]a. ( = implicate) impliquer• to get involved in sth ( = get dragged into) se laisser entraîner dans qch ; (from choice) s'engager dans qch• he was so involved in politics that he had no time to... il était tellement engagé dans la politique qu'il n'avait pas le temps de...• how did you come to be involved? comment vous êtes-vous trouvé impliqué ?• to get involved with sb (socially) se mettre à fréquenter qn ; ( = fall in love with) avoir une liaison avec qn• she likes him but she doesn't want to get (too) involved (inf) elle l'aime bien, mais elle ne veut pas (trop) s'engager* * *[ɪn'vɒlv] 1.transitive verb1) ( entail) impliquer, nécessiter [effort, travel]; entraîner [problems]there is a lot of work/effort involved — cela implique beaucoup de travail/d'efforts
2) ( cause to participate) gen faire participer [person] (in à)to be involved in — ( positive) participer à, être engagé dans [business, project]; ( negative) être mêlé à [scandal, robbery]
not to get involved in ou with something — rester à l'écart de quelque chose
3) ( affect) concerner, impliquer [person, animal, vehicle]4) ( engross) [film, book] faire participer, prendre [person]to get involved in — se laisser prendre par, se plonger dans [film, book, work]
5) ( get emotionally attached)6) ( make commitment)2.to involve oneself in ou with — prendre part à
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118 lack
lack [læk]1. nounmanque m• such was their lack of confidence that... ils manquaient tellement de confiance que...• there was a complete lack of interest in my proposals mes suggestions se sont heurtées à une indifférence totalea. to be lacking [food, money] manquer• innovation has been sadly lacking throughout this project l'innovation a fait cruellement défaut dans ce projetb. to be lacking in [person] manquer de* * *[læk] 1.noun manque m (of de)2.for ou through lack of — par manque de
transitive verb manquer de [confidence, humour, funds]3.to be lacking — manquer (in de)
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119 least
least [li:st]1. adjective2. pronoun• what's the least you are willing to accept? quel prix minimum êtes-vous prêt à accepter ?• it costs $5 at least cela coûte au moins 5 dollars• you could at least have told me! tu aurais pu au moins me le dire !• he's ill, at least that's what he says il est malade, du moins c'est ce qu'il dit► at the very least du moins• not in the least! pas du tout !• I was annoyed, to say the least j'étais mécontent, c'est le moins qu'on puisse dire• she was not very careful, to say the least elle était pour le moins imprudente3. adverb• nobody seemed amused, least of all John cela ne semblait amuser personne et surtout pas John► not least• all countries, not least the USA tous les pays, et en particulier les USA• not least because... notamment parce que...* * *Note: When the least is used as a quantifier followed by a noun to mean the smallest quantity of it is translated by le moins de: to have the least food = avoir le moins de nourritureBut when the least is used as a quantifier to mean the slightest it is translated by le or la moindre: I haven't the least idea = je n'en ai pas la moindre idéeFor translations of least as a pronoun or adverb see II and III belowThe phrase at least is usually translated by au moinsFor the phrase in the least see V below[liːst] 1.(superlative of little) quantifier(the) least — (le) moins de; ( in negative constructions) (le or la) moindre
2.they have the least food — ce sont eux qui ont le moins de nourriture or le moins à manger
pronoun le moins3.she was surprised, to say the least (of it) — le moins qu'on puisse dire, c'est qu'elle était surprise
1) ( with adjective or noun)the least — le/la moins; ( with plural noun) les moins
2) ( with verbs) le moins inv4.nobody liked it, John least of all ou least of all John — personne ne l'aimait, John encore moins que les autres
he's gone to bed - at least I think so — il est allé se coucher - du moins, je pense
5.such people are at the very least guilty of negligence — de telles personnes sont au moins coupables de négligence
in the least adverbial phraseI'm not worried in the least —
I'm not hungry in the least —
••last but not least —
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120 length
length [leŋ(k)θ]a. (in space) longueur f► to go to the length/to... lengths• I didn't think he would go to such lengths to get the job je n'aurais pas cru qu'il serait allé jusque-là pour avoir le poste• the length of time needed to... le temps nécessaire pour...► at length ( = at last) enfin ; ( = for a long time) fort longuement ; ( = in detail) dans le détail* * *[leŋθ] 1.1) longueur fto be 15 cm/50 km in length — faire 15 cm/50 km de long
there was a ladder running the (whole) length of her stocking — son bas était filé sur toute sa hauteur
2) ( duration) (of book, list, syllable) longueur f; (of event, activity, prison sentence) durée fa film three hours in length — un film de trois heures or qui dure trois heures
he can't concentrate for any length of time — il n'arrive pas à se concentrer pendant (très) longtemps
3) ( piece) (of string, carpet, wood) morceau m; ( of fabric) ≈ métrage m; (of piping, track) tronçon mdress/skirt length — hauteur f de robe/de jupe
4) Sport longueur f2.lengths plural noun3. 4.- length combining formfloor-length curtains — des rideaux qui descendent jusqu'au sol; full-length
См. также в других словарях:
such — [ sʌtʃ ] function word *** Such can be used in the following ways: as a predeterminer (followed by a or an and a singular noun): She s such an intelligent woman. It was such a shame that you couldn t be with us. as a determiner (followed by a… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Such — Such, a. [OE. such, sich, sech, sik, swich, swilch, swulch, swilc, swulc, AS. swelc, swilc, swylc; akin to OFries. selik, D. zulk, OS. sulic, OHG. sulih, solih, G. solch, Icel. sl[=i]kr, OSw. salik, Sw. slik, Dan. slig, Goth. swaleiks; originally … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
such — W1S1 [sʌtʃ] determiner, predeterminer, pron [: Old English; Origin: swilc] 1.) of the same kind as the thing or person which has already been mentioned ▪ Such behavior is just not acceptable in this school. ▪ The rules make it quite clear what… … Dictionary of contemporary English
such — 1. such as an emphasizer. • How can the House express its indignant rejection of football hooliganism while setting such a persuasive example of undignified and daily indiscipline? Guardian Weekly, 1986. The construction with such a followed by… … Modern English usage
such — /such/, adj. 1. of the kind, character, degree, extent, etc., of that or those indicated or implied: Such a man is dangerous. 2. of that particular kind or character: The food, such as it was, was plentiful. 3. like or similar: tea, coffee, and… … Universalium
such — [such] adj. [ME suche < OE swilc, swelc, akin to Ger solch, Goth swaleiks < PGmc * swalika : for components see SO1 & LIKE1] 1. a) of the kind mentioned or implied [a man such as his father] b) of the same or a sim … English World dictionary
such as — For example • • • Main Entry: ↑such * * * such as phrase used for introducing more examples of the type of person or thing that you have just mentioned The museum has paintings by such Impressionist artists as Manet and Degas. The money is used… … Useful english dictionary
such — ► DETERMINER , PREDETERMINER , & PRONOUN 1) of the type previously mentioned. 2) (such as/that) of the type about to be mentioned. 3) to so high a degree; so great. ● as such Cf. ↑as such ● … English terms dictionary
such as it is — Being what it is (and no better) • • • Main Entry: ↑such * * * such as it is mainly spoken phrase used for showing that you do not have a good opinion of the thing that you have mentioned The countries are still allies, but the special… … Useful english dictionary
such as it is — Just as it appears or is presented, not being any better or worse than most others of its kind; being average or mediocre. * /This pie, such as it is, is the best I can make./ * /Jane told her grandmother her grades, such as they were./ … Dictionary of American idioms
such as it is — Just as it appears or is presented, not being any better or worse than most others of its kind; being average or mediocre. * /This pie, such as it is, is the best I can make./ * /Jane told her grandmother her grades, such as they were./ … Dictionary of American idioms