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1 σφάλλω
σφάλλω, - ομαιGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to bring down, to ruin, to mislead', midd. `to go down, to be ruined, to be mistaken' (IA).Other forms: Aor. σφῆλαι (Il.), Dor. σφᾶλαι (Pi.), pass. σφᾰλ-ῆναι (- θῆναι Gal.), intr. - αι (LXX; Schwyzer 756), fut. ?-ῶ, pass. - ήσομαι, perf. midd. ἔσφαλ-μαι (IA.), act. - κα (Plb.).Derivatives: 1. σφαλ-ερός `slippery, treacherous, staggering' (IA.). 2. - μα n. `fall, accident, misstep, mistake' (IA.), - μός m. `id.' (Aq.) with - μῆσαι ( ἀπο-) `to stumble' (Plb.), σφαλ-μᾳ̃ σκιρτᾳ̃, σφάλλεται H. 3. - σις ( ἀνά-, περί-, ἀμφί-) f. `fall, accident' (Hp., Vett. Val.). 4. - της m. des. of Dionysos "he who brings down" (Lyc.). 5. ἀ-σφαλ-ής, ές, -( έ)ως `not falling, not staggering, firm, safe, reliable' (Il.) with - εια f. (Att.), - ίζομαι, - ίζω (hell. a. late), prob. directly from the verb (cf. Schwyzer 513; σφάλος n. only Trag. Oxy. 676, 16 [uncertain]); thus ἐπι-, περι-, ἀρι-σφαλής a.o. -- On ἄσφαλτος s. v. (folketym. adapted?).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [cf. 929] * (s)gʷʰh₂el-Etymology: As with πάλλω, σκάλλω the above system of forms can be understood as a pure Greek creation. -- A certain etymology is missing. Instead of the earlier, semant. very attractive connection with Skt. skhálate, -ti `sumble, stagger, err', Arm. sxalem, -im `id.' (Fick 1. 143. 567, Hübschmann Armen. Gr. 1, 490 f.), which requires IE skʷhel- and is therefore coubtful, P. Wahrmann Glotta 6, 149ff. tries to connect σφάλλω with IE * sp(h)el- `split' in σπολάς, ἀσπάλαξ a.o. (s. vv. w. lit.) assuming an orig. meaning *'throw with sticks, put a stop between the legs v. t.' (details in WP. 2, 678 and Pok. 985); phonetically better, but semant. quite hypothetic. Diff., but also doubtful, Thieme KZ 69, 175. Suppositions on anlaut. σφ- in Hiersche Ten. aspiratae 194 w. lit. Older lit. in Bq; further W.-Hofmann s. fallō. -- Cf. σφαλός, σφέλας. Rix, Hist. Gramm. d. Griech. 31 assumes * sgʷʰh₂el- with Siebs, which seems possible.Page in Frisk: 2,827Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σφάλλω
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2 παράφορος
A borne aside, carried away,οὕτω π. πρὸς δόξαν Plu.Them.3
; of a bandage, liable to slip, Hp.Art. 4; of a shot, deviating from its course, Ph.Bel.80.9,al.; glancing off an obstacle, ib.84.16.2 reeling, staggering,στείχειν π. ποδί E.Hec. 1050
; δρόμοι π. Plu.2.501d ; παράφορον βαδίζειν, of a drunkard, Luc.Vit. Auct. 12 ;τὸ π. τῶν πινόντων Corn.ND30
: c. inf., σπείρειν π. ὁ μεθύων unsteady for sowing seed, Pl.Lg. 775d.3 c. gen., wandering away from, παράφορος ξυνέσεως deranged, Id.Sph. 228d : abs., mad, frenzicd, μῦθοι ἀπίθανοι καὶ π. Plu.Art.1 ; simply, misled, prob. in Teles p.9 H. (- φρονοι codd. Stob.): neut. as Adv., of a madman, παράφορον δέρκεσθαι, ἀναβοᾶν, Luc.Fug.19, Am.13.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παράφορος
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3 σφάλλω
Aσφᾰλῶ Th.7.67
: [tense] aor. 1 ἔσφηλα, [dialect] Ep.σφῆλα Od.17.464
, [dialect] Dor.ἔσφᾱλα Pi.P.8.15
: but the intrans. , Si.13.22, Am.5.2, opt. σφάλαι ib.Jb. 18.7, are prob. forms of a Hellenistic [tense] aor. 1 Εσφᾰλα (presupposing Εσφᾰλον as ἦλθα presupposes ἦλθον, etc.): [tense] pf.ἔσφαλκα Plb.8.9.2
:— [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.σφᾰλήσομαι S.Tr. 719
, 1113, Th.3.14, etc.; freq. in med. form σφᾰλοῦμαι, S.Fr. 588, X.Smp.2.26: [tense] aor. ἐσφάλην [ᾰ] Alc.Supp. 27.13 (prob.), Hdt.4.140, Th.8.24, etc.; ἐσφάλθην only in Gal.5.62: [tense] pf. , Pl.Cra. 436c: [tense] plpf.ἔσφαλτο Th.7.47
:— make to fall, overthrow, properly by tripping up, trip up in wrestling, ;οὐδ' ἄρα μιν σφῆλεν βέλος Od.17.464
;Ἕκτορα Pi.O.2.81
;ἀλλάλους σφάλλοντι παλαίμασι Theoc.24.112
; [ πώλους] E.Hipp. 1232;γόνυ τινός Id.Heracl. 128
;τινὰ γνύξ A.R.3.1310
;τινὰ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν D.S.14.23
; τὸ μὴ ὑπερπίνειν ἧττον ἂν καὶ σώματα καὶ γνώμας ς. X.Cyr.8.8.10, cf. 1.3.10 ([voice] Pass.); σ. ναῦς throw them on their beam-ends, Plu.Them.14, cf. Polyaen.3.11.13; [ ἵπποι] ἔσφηλαν (gnomic [tense] aor.) τὸν ἀναβάτην throw him, X.Eq.3.9:—[voice] Pass., to be tripped up,Φρυνίχου παλαίσμασιν Ar. Ra. 689
(troch.); of a drunken man, σφαλλόμενος προσέρχεται reeling, staggering, Id.V. 1324, cf. Heraclit. 117;σ. ὑπὸ οἴνου X.Lac.5.7
, cf. AP11.26 (Marc. Arg.);σ. ἵππος Plu.Phil.18
; σ. [ ἱππεύς] is thrown, X. Eq.7.7.II generally, cause to fall, overthrow,βία καὶ μεγάλαυχον ἔσφαλεν Pi.P.8.15
;ἀνθρώπων κακῶν ὁμιλίαι σ. τινά Hdt.7.16
.ά; σμικροὶ λόγοι ἔσφηλαν ἤδη καὶ κατώρθωσαν βροτούς S.El. 416
;σφάλλω.. ὅσοι φρονοῦσιν εἰς ἡμᾶς μέγα E.Hipp.6
; [ὀργὴ] πλεῖστα.. σ. βροτούς Id.Fr.31
; ἡ καταφρόνησις, ἡ ἀπειρία σ. τινά, Th.1.122, 2.87: abs.,ἀτρεκεῖς ἐπιτηδεύσεις φασὶ σφάλλειν πλέον ἢ τέρπειν E.Hipp. 262
(anap.): also of things,ἁμαρτίαι σ. τὴν σωτηρίαν S.Fr. 192
;δειναὶ τύχαι σ. δόμους E.Med. 198
(anap.);σ. τὰς πόλεις Th.3.37
, etc.;σ. δίκαν E.Andr. 780
(lyr.); σφάλλων, name of a throw of the dice, Eub.57.5 (s. v.l.):—[voice] Pass., to be overthrown, fall, esp. of persons falling from high fortunes,σφαλεὶς γὰρ οὐδεὶς εὖ βεβουλεῦσθαι δοκεῖ Chaerem. 26
, cf. S.Tr. 297, 719, E.Fr.262.2, etc.; ἢν σφαλῇ [ ἡ Ἑλλάς] Hdt.7.168; ἢν ἄρα τι σφαλλώμεθα, opp. κατορθοῦν, Th.1.140, cf. Ar. Ra. 736 (troch.), Pl. 351;σφαλλομένους ἐπανορθῶν X.Mem.2.4.6
;ταῖς τύχαις σφάλλεσθαι Th.2.87
, cf. 43; ὑπὸ νόσων, ἐρώτων, μέθης ἐσφαλμένος, Pl.R. 396d; ὑπὸ χρόνων τι ς. suffer from length of time, Id.Lg. 769c: c. dat. modi,σφάλλεσθαι ἀξιόχρεῳ δυνάμει Th.6.10
;τοῖς ἀγῶσι Id.7.61
;τοῖς ὅλοις Plb.1.43.8
: with a Prep.,ἐν τῇ μάχῃ X. HG7.2.2
, cf. Hdt.7.50;τι ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Pl.Grg. 461d
; ;περί τινος Plu.2.164c
: with neut. Adj.,σφάλλεσθαι ἓν μέγα Pl.Lg. 648e
; ἐν τοῖς δικασταῖς, κοὐκ ἐμοί, τόδ' ἐσφάλη this mishap took place by means of.., S.Aj. 1136; οὔ τι μὴ σφαλῶ γ' ἐν σοί I shall not fail in thy business, Id.Tr. 621.III baffle, balk, frustrate, of an oracle, Hdt.7.142;θεὰ ἤδη μ'.. ἔσφηλεν S.Aj. 452
, cf. E.Alc.34 (anap.), Andr. 223; ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ τὴν πόλιν ς. Aeschin.3.125:— [voice] Pass., err, go wrong, be mistaken,κατὰ γνώμην Hdt.7.52
: abs., S.El. 1481, E.IA 1541, etc.; μῶν ἐσφάλμεθ'; am I mistaken? Id.Andr. 896;ἡ ψυχὴ πολλὰ σφάλλεται Isoc.1.32
;γνώμῃ σφαλέντες Th.4.18
; διανοίᾳ ς. Pl.Sph. 229c; so σ. τὴν γνώμην, τὸν λογισμόν, Clearch.23, Plu. Sull.15: c. inf., οὐκ ἂν σφαλείη.. ἑλέσθαι be led astray into choosing, Id.2.711b.2 [voice] Pass. also, c. gen. rei, to be balked of or foiled in a thing, ἦ καὶ πατήρ τι σφάλλεται βουλευμάτων; A.Eu. 717; γάμων, δόξης, τύχης, E.Or. 1078, Med. 1010, Ph. 758;τῆς δόξης Th.4.85
;τοῦ αὐχήματος Id.7.66
, cf. 5.110;οὐκ ἔσφαλται τῆς ἀληθείας Pl.Cra. 436c
;τῶν πραγμάτων ᾗ ἔχει Id.Hp.Mi. 372b
; ἀνδρός lose him, S.Tr. 1113;τοῦ παντός Plu.Brut.20
:— σφάλλειν τινὰ ἀπ' ἐλπίδος cast him down from his hope, Luc.Dem.Enc.29. -
4 κραιπάλη
κραιπάλη, ης, ἡ (also κρεπάλη, q.v.; both ‘carousing, intoxication’ and its result ‘drunken headache, hangover’ are associated in the use of the term, since it means ‘dizziness, staggering’ when the head refuses to function [Aristoph.; Plut., Mor. 127f; Lucian, Bis Accus. 16; Soranus p. 16, 26; Aretaeus p. 110, 2]) unbridled indulgence in a drinking party, drinking bout (Aristoph., Ach. 277; Vesp. 1255) ἐν κ. καὶ μέθῃ w. dissipation and drunkenness Lk 21:34 (cp. Herodian 2, 6, 6 παρὰ μέθην κ. κρ.; Is 24:20). πολυτέλεια μεθυσμάτων καὶ κραιπαλῶν extravagance in drunkenness and carousing Hm 6, 2, 5.—HCadbury, Style 54.—DELG. M-M. -
5 τάλαντον
τάλαντον, ου, τό (Hom. et al.) orig. a measure of weight varying in size fr. about 26 to 36 kg.; then a unit of coinage talent (lit., ins, pap, LXX, TestSol; TestJud 9:5; TestJos 18:3; EpArist; Jos., Bell. 5, 571, C. Ap. 2, 266), whose value differed considerably in various times and places, but was always comparatively high; it varied also with the metal involved, which might be gold, silver, or copper. In our lit. only in Mt 18:24; 25:15–28. In 18:24, at 6,000 drachmas or denarii to the Tyrian talent, a day laborer would need to work 60,000,000 days to pay off the debt. Even assuming an extraordinary payback rate of 10 talents per year, the staggering amount would ensure imprisonment for at least 1,000 years. The amounts distributed in 25:15–28 are not small change, either (MPowell, ABD VI 907f; ECook, ISBE IV 1053f; s. also JDerrett, Law in the NT ’70, 17–47; TMartin, BR 38, ’93, 70–72).—Lit. s.v. ἀργύριον 2c.—Kl. Pauly V 502f; BHHW III 1928. DELG s.v. ταλάσσαι B. M-M.
См. также в других словарях:
staggering — [stag′əriŋ] adj. 1. that staggers 2. that causes one to stagger; astonishing; overwhelming; specif., astonishingly great [a staggering sum] staggeringly adv … English World dictionary
staggering — index incredible, ineffable, portentous (eliciting amazement), unbelievable Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
staggering — (adj.) amazing, 1560s, from prp. of STAGGER (Cf. stagger) (v.). Related: Staggeringly … Etymology dictionary
staggering — [adj] overwhelming amazing, astonishing, astounding, distressing, mindblowing, mind boggling, shocking, stunning; concepts 548,571 … New thesaurus
staggering — adj. staggering to + inf. (it was staggering to total up the losses) * * * [ stæg(ə)rɪŋ] staggering to + inf. (it was staggering to total up the losses) … Combinatory dictionary
staggering — adj. VERBS ▪ be, seem ▪ The number of dead is truly staggering. ADVERB ▪ absolutely, quite, simply, truly … Collocations dictionary
staggering — [[t]stæ̱gərɪŋ[/t]] ADJ GRADED Something that is staggering is very surprising. ...a three year contract reputed to be worth a staggering ₤25,000 a week... The results have been quite staggering. Syn: astounding Derived words: staggeringly ADV… … English dictionary
staggering — adjective Date: 1565 so great as to cause one to stagger ; astonishing, overwhelming < a staggering feat > < staggering medical bills > • staggeringly adverb … New Collegiate Dictionary
staggering — stag|ger|ing [ˈstægərıŋ] adj extremely great or surprising = ↑amazing ▪ The cost was a staggering $10 million. ▪ The financial impact on the town was staggering. >staggeringly adv ▪ a staggeringly beautiful landscape … Dictionary of contemporary English
staggering — stag|ger|ing [ stægərıŋ ] adjective extremely surprising: the staggering success of the books a staggering 63 percent increase ╾ stag|ger|ing|ly adverb: staggeringly effective … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
staggering — UK [ˈstæɡərɪŋ] / US adjective extremely surprising the staggering success of the books a staggering 63 per cent increase Derived word: staggeringly adverb staggeringly effective … English dictionary
