speak

סָפַר(b. h.) (to cut; to mark, 1) to write; to count. Y.Kil.VII, end, 31a יִסְפּוֹר he (who is in possession of property bought from an oppressor, v. אַנָּס) must count (settle with the original owner according to rules, v. גוֹרְדְּיָינִי), opp. יחזיר he must return the property; ib. יִסְפֹּר (or יְסַפֵּר Pi.). Kidd.30a שהיו סוֹפְרִים, v. סוֹפֵר. Nidd.69a סוֹפַרְתָּן למניןוכ׳ she counts them in with the requisite number of seven days. Ib. 31a יושב וסוֹפֵרוכ׳ sits and records the copulations Men.65b, v. סְפִירָה; a. v. fr.(Sifré Deut. 33 סופרה; read: סופנה, v. סָפַן.Part. pass. סָפוּר, q. v. 2) to cut, shear, v. infra. Nif. נִסְפַּר to be counted. Bekh.45a שנִסְפֶּרֶתע״ג היד when the additional finger is counted (is in a line) with the others; Yalk. Sam. 156. Pi. סִיפֵּר 1) to cut, shear. Sot.49b, a. fr. מְסַפֵּר קומי, v. קוֹמִי I. Ib. התירו (לו)לסַפֵּרוכ׳ they allowed him to cut his hair in gentile fashion, because of his connections with royalty. Sifra Aḥăré, Par. 9, ch. XIII תִּסְפּוֹר, v. קוֹמִי I. Tosef.Bets.III, 19 אין מְסַפְּרִין היוקוכ׳ you must not no trim vegetables with the clipper (on the Holy Day) ; a. fr. 2) to tell, speak, count. Y. Kil. l. c., v. supra. Gen. R. s. 78 (ref. to אברם in place of אברהם, Neh. 9:7) סיפור הוא מְסַפֵּרוכ׳ he states a historical fact, saying Y.Ber.IX, beg.12d אם בא אדם לסַפֵּרוכ׳ if one were to undertake to count the mighty deeds of the Lord, he would be ruined (ref. to Job 37:20); המספר בשבחווכ׳ he who tells the praise of the Lord more than is becoming. Ib. מכאן … אסור לסַפֵּרוכ׳ beyond that (which has been adopted in ritual prayers) one must not tell Arakh.16a לעולם אל יְסַפֵּר אדם בטובתווכ׳ man should not count up his neighbors good qualities, for he may be induced to speak of his shortcomings; B. Bath. 164b. Sot.42a מְספְּרֵי לשון הרע gossipers. Snh.38b בלשון ארמי סי׳ spoke Aramæan; a. v. fr.Ib. 52b סי׳ הימנו if he (the scholar) holds conversation with him. Hithpa. הִסְתַּפֵּר to have ones hair cut. Ab. Zar. II, 2 מִסְתַּפְּרִין מהןוכ׳ אין you must not have your hair cut by them in any place (on account of danger to life). Tosef. ib. III, 5 ישראל המִסְתַּפֵּרוכ׳ if an Israelite has his hair cut by a gentile, he must look into the mirror; Ab. Zar.29a; a. fr.

סָפַר(b. h.) (to cut; to mark, 1) to write; to count. Y.Kil.VII, end, 31a יִסְפּוֹר he (who is in possession of property bought from an oppressor, v. אַנָּס) must count (settle with the original owner according to rules, v. גוֹרְדְּיָינִי), opp. יחזיר he must return the property; ib. יִסְפֹּר (or יְסַפֵּר Pi.). Kidd.30a שהיו סוֹפְרִים, v. סוֹפֵר. Nidd.69a סוֹפַרְתָּן למניןוכ׳ she counts them in with the requisite number of seven days. Ib. 31a יושב וסוֹפֵרוכ׳ sits and records the copulations Men.65b, v. סְפִירָה; a. v. fr.(Sifré Deut. 33 סופרה; read: סופנה, v. סָפַן.Part. pass. סָפוּר, q. v. 2) to cut, shear, v. infra. Nif. נִסְפַּר to be counted. Bekh.45a שנִסְפֶּרֶתע״ג היד when the additional finger is counted (is in a line) with the others; Yalk. Sam. 156. Pi. סִיפֵּר 1) to cut, shear. Sot.49b, a. fr. מְסַפֵּר קומי, v. קוֹמִי I. Ib. התירו (לו)לסַפֵּרוכ׳ they allowed him to cut his hair in gentile fashion, because of his connections with royalty. Sifra Aḥăré, Par. 9, ch. XIII תִּסְפּוֹר, v. קוֹמִי I. Tosef.Bets.III, 19 אין מְסַפְּרִין היוקוכ׳ you must not no trim vegetables with the clipper (on the Holy Day) ; a. fr. 2) to tell, speak, count. Y. Kil. l. c., v. supra. Gen. R. s. 78 (ref. to אברם in place of אברהם, Neh. 9:7) סיפור הוא מְסַפֵּרוכ׳ he states a historical fact, saying Y.Ber.IX, beg.12d אם בא אדם לסַפֵּרוכ׳ if one were to undertake to count the mighty deeds of the Lord, he would be ruined (ref. to Job 37:20); המספר בשבחווכ׳ he who tells the praise of the Lord more than is becoming. Ib. מכאן … אסור לסַפֵּרוכ׳ beyond that (which has been adopted in ritual prayers) one must not tell Arakh.16a לעולם אל יְסַפֵּר אדם בטובתווכ׳ man should not count up his neighbors good qualities, for he may be induced to speak of his shortcomings; B. Bath. 164b. Sot.42a מְספְּרֵי לשון הרע gossipers. Snh.38b בלשון ארמי סי׳ spoke Aramæan; a. v. fr.Ib. 52b סי׳ הימנו if he (the scholar) holds conversation with him. Hithpa. הִסְתַּפֵּר to have ones hair cut. Ab. Zar. II, 2 מִסְתַּפְּרִין מהןוכ׳ אין you must not have your hair cut by them in any place (on account of danger to life). Tosef. ib. III, 5 ישראל המִסְתַּפֵּרוכ׳ if an Israelite has his hair cut by a gentile, he must look into the mirror; Ab. Zar.29a; a. fr.

פּוּנְדָּקִיm. (denom. of פּוּנְדָּק = πανδοκεύς) innkeeper, host. Gitt.VIII, 9; Eduy. IV, 7; Tosef.Yeb.I, 10; Tosef.Gitt.VIII (VI), 8 לנה עמו בפ׳ she staid over night with him (her divorced husband) as her host. Lev. R. s. 1 איו גנאי … עם פ׳ שלו it is not beneath a kings dignity to speak to his host (so did the Lord speak to Abraham, ref. to Gen. 18:1); a. e.

פּוּנְדָּקִיm. (denom. of פּוּנְדָּק = πανδοκεύς) innkeeper, host. Gitt.VIII, 9; Eduy. IV, 7; Tosef.Yeb.I, 10; Tosef.Gitt.VIII (VI), 8 לנה עמו בפ׳ she staid over night with him (her divorced husband) as her host. Lev. R. s. 1 איו גנאי … עם פ׳ שלו it is not beneath a kings dignity to speak to his host (so did the Lord speak to Abraham, ref. to Gen. 18:1); a. e.

פָּלַג(b. h.) to separate, split. Hif. הִפְלִיג 1) to part, go away. Y.Ber.I, 2d bot. ומצאו שה׳ אף הואה׳ (not עוד) and finding that he (the friend that had knocked at the door) had withdrawn, he withdrew likewise.Esp. to go to sea (cmp. פִּילָגוֹס). Erub.IV, 1 הִפְלִיגָה ספינתם בים their ship went out on the open sea. Sabb.19a אין מַפְלִיגִין בספינהוכ׳ you must not start on a sea-voyage less than three days before the Sabbath; Num. R. s. 16, beg. אין מפליגין בספינה בים הגדול (contrad. to פָּרַש along the sea coast). 2) ה׳ ממלאכה (or sub. ממלאכה) to rest from work; to pause. Lev. R. s. 30 לכשיַפְלִיג, v. לָקַש. Tosef.Ber.IV, 21 הִפְלִיגוּ צריכיןוכ׳ (not צריך) when the laborers take a recess, they must say the benediction for what they have been eating while at work. Y.Yoma III, 40b bot. להפליג, v. הֶפְלֵג. 3) to divert, put off; to discard. Bab. ib. 66b לא מפני שהִפְלִיגָן בדבריםוכ׳ (he made an evasive reply) not because he desired to divert their minds with words (counterquestions), but because he never said anything that he had not heard from his teacher; Tosef.Yeb.III, 4; Succ.27b. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 40c bot. אם שאלו … יַפְלִיגֶינּוּ כשם שה׳וכ׳ if he asks him whither he is going, let him put him off (state a distant destination), as did Jacob to Esau; Tosef. ib. III, 4 מַפְלִיגוֹ. Tosef.Gitt.VII (V), 8 כל תנאי אפשר … לא נתכוון זה אלא להַפְלִיגָהּ whenever an impossibility is made the condition of a letter of divorce, he (the husband) has had only the intention to divert her mind; Y.B. Mets.VII, end, 11c (corr. acc.). Y.Ber.IX, end, 14d כיון שה׳ דעתו ממנה when he turns his attentions from her (makes her feel that he does not intend to marry her). Gen. R. s. 17 ראה … והִפְלִיגָהּ ממנו when he saw her full mucus and blood, he kept her away from him; a. fr. 4) to reject, disregard, discard. Pesik. R. s. 31 היתה פושעת … ומַפְלֶגֶת את גזירותיו she was careless about his honor and disregarded his decrees, Ib. s. 3 (read:) כל זמן … הוא מַפְלִיגוכ׳ as long as his teacher is alive, he (the pupil) is careless, (saying) whenever it be needed, here is my teacher Ab. IV, 3 אל תהי מפליג לכל דבר discard nothing (saying, this will never happen). Gen. R. s. 8 ה׳ דרכן של רשעיםוכ׳ he removed the way of the wicked out of his sight (disregarded the evil doings of the future man); Midr. Till. to Ps. 1 ed. Bub. (oth. ed. פִּילֵּג Pi.); a. e. 5) to decline from the road. Gen. R. s. 48 אם אני רואה אותן שהִפְלִיגוּ את דרכםוכ׳ when I see that they wend their way hither ; וכיון שדאה אותם שהפליגו and when he saw that they were declining; Yalk. ib. 82.Trnsf. to be mistaken. Bekh.43b bot. הִיפְלַגְתָּ thou art mistaken (Rashi: thou hast gone too far, v. infra); Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 הִפְלַגְתָּה.Kob. B. to XI, 9 אל תַּפְלִיג עצמך בדברי תורה do not go thy own way in the interpretation of the Law (cling to tradition). 6) ה׳ עצמו ( to withdraw ones self, to be reserved, speak in indefinite and general terms, opp. פרסם עצמו to reveal ones self, speak in definite terms. Midr. Sam. ch. XIV (ref. to 1 Sam. 9:15, sq.) לשעבר לא אלא עד שלא הגיע הקץהקב״ה מפליג עצמו … מפרסם עצמו did the Lord never before reveal anything to Samuel? But before the proper time has come, the Lord speaks reservedly, when the time has come, he reveals himself clearly (‘to-morrow)7) to differ. Yalk. Jer. 320 מי שמפליג על דבריו של אל who opposes the words of God. Y.Pes.V, 32c bot. ומה מַפְלִיגִין and wherein do they differ?; a. e.8) to go too far. Y.Nidd.I, beg.48d, v. פָּרַז. Bekh.43b bot.; Sifra Emor l. c., v. supra.Part. pass. מוּפְלָג a) removed; far. Sifra Mtsorʿa, Zab., Par. 5, ch. VIII מ׳ מנידתה some time after her menstruation, opp. סמוך; Nidd.73a מ׳ לנדתה. Gen. R. s. 44, v. אחַר; a. e.b) distinguished, special expert. Tosef.Ḥag.II, 9, v. מוּפְלָא.Erub.63a דמופלג, v. next w. Pi. פִּלֵּג to remove, disregard. Midr. Till. to Ps. 1, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּג to be divided, go apart. Gen. R. s. 15 וכל מימי בראשית מִתְפַּלְּגִין מתחתיו and all the waters of creation started from under it; Midr. Till. to Ps. 1; Y.Ber.I, 2c bot., v. פִּילּוּג.

פָּלַג(b. h.) to separate, split. Hif. הִפְלִיג 1) to part, go away. Y.Ber.I, 2d bot. ומצאו שה׳ אף הואה׳ (not עוד) and finding that he (the friend that had knocked at the door) had withdrawn, he withdrew likewise.Esp. to go to sea (cmp. פִּילָגוֹס). Erub.IV, 1 הִפְלִיגָה ספינתם בים their ship went out on the open sea. Sabb.19a אין מַפְלִיגִין בספינהוכ׳ you must not start on a sea-voyage less than three days before the Sabbath; Num. R. s. 16, beg. אין מפליגין בספינה בים הגדול (contrad. to פָּרַש along the sea coast). 2) ה׳ ממלאכה (or sub. ממלאכה) to rest from work; to pause. Lev. R. s. 30 לכשיַפְלִיג, v. לָקַש. Tosef.Ber.IV, 21 הִפְלִיגוּ צריכיןוכ׳ (not צריך) when the laborers take a recess, they must say the benediction for what they have been eating while at work. Y.Yoma III, 40b bot. להפליג, v. הֶפְלֵג. 3) to divert, put off; to discard. Bab. ib. 66b לא מפני שהִפְלִיגָן בדבריםוכ׳ (he made an evasive reply) not because he desired to divert their minds with words (counterquestions), but because he never said anything that he had not heard from his teacher; Tosef.Yeb.III, 4; Succ.27b. Y.Ab. Zar. II, 40c bot. אם שאלו … יַפְלִיגֶינּוּ כשם שה׳וכ׳ if he asks him whither he is going, let him put him off (state a distant destination), as did Jacob to Esau; Tosef. ib. III, 4 מַפְלִיגוֹ. Tosef.Gitt.VII (V), 8 כל תנאי אפשר … לא נתכוון זה אלא להַפְלִיגָהּ whenever an impossibility is made the condition of a letter of divorce, he (the husband) has had only the intention to divert her mind; Y.B. Mets.VII, end, 11c (corr. acc.). Y.Ber.IX, end, 14d כיון שה׳ דעתו ממנה when he turns his attentions from her (makes her feel that he does not intend to marry her). Gen. R. s. 17 ראה … והִפְלִיגָהּ ממנו when he saw her full mucus and blood, he kept her away from him; a. fr. 4) to reject, disregard, discard. Pesik. R. s. 31 היתה פושעת … ומַפְלֶגֶת את גזירותיו she was careless about his honor and disregarded his decrees, Ib. s. 3 (read:) כל זמן … הוא מַפְלִיגוכ׳ as long as his teacher is alive, he (the pupil) is careless, (saying) whenever it be needed, here is my teacher Ab. IV, 3 אל תהי מפליג לכל דבר discard nothing (saying, this will never happen). Gen. R. s. 8 ה׳ דרכן של רשעיםוכ׳ he removed the way of the wicked out of his sight (disregarded the evil doings of the future man); Midr. Till. to Ps. 1 ed. Bub. (oth. ed. פִּילֵּג Pi.); a. e. 5) to decline from the road. Gen. R. s. 48 אם אני רואה אותן שהִפְלִיגוּ את דרכםוכ׳ when I see that they wend their way hither ; וכיון שדאה אותם שהפליגו and when he saw that they were declining; Yalk. ib. 82.Trnsf. to be mistaken. Bekh.43b bot. הִיפְלַגְתָּ thou art mistaken (Rashi: thou hast gone too far, v. infra); Sifra Emor, ch. II, Par. 3 הִפְלַגְתָּה.Kob. B. to XI, 9 אל תַּפְלִיג עצמך בדברי תורה do not go thy own way in the interpretation of the Law (cling to tradition). 6) ה׳ עצמו ( to withdraw ones self, to be reserved, speak in indefinite and general terms, opp. פרסם עצמו to reveal ones self, speak in definite terms. Midr. Sam. ch. XIV (ref. to 1 Sam. 9:15, sq.) לשעבר לא אלא עד שלא הגיע הקץהקב״ה מפליג עצמו … מפרסם עצמו did the Lord never before reveal anything to Samuel? But before the proper time has come, the Lord speaks reservedly, when the time has come, he reveals himself clearly (‘to-morrow)7) to differ. Yalk. Jer. 320 מי שמפליג על דבריו של אל who opposes the words of God. Y.Pes.V, 32c bot. ומה מַפְלִיגִין and wherein do they differ?; a. e.8) to go too far. Y.Nidd.I, beg.48d, v. פָּרַז. Bekh.43b bot.; Sifra Emor l. c., v. supra.Part. pass. מוּפְלָג a) removed; far. Sifra Mtsorʿa, Zab., Par. 5, ch. VIII מ׳ מנידתה some time after her menstruation, opp. סמוך; Nidd.73a מ׳ לנדתה. Gen. R. s. 44, v. אחַר; a. e.b) distinguished, special expert. Tosef.Ḥag.II, 9, v. מוּפְלָא.Erub.63a דמופלג, v. next w. Pi. פִּלֵּג to remove, disregard. Midr. Till. to Ps. 1, v. supra. Hithpa. הִתְפַּלֵּג to be divided, go apart. Gen. R. s. 15 וכל מימי בראשית מִתְפַּלְּגִין מתחתיו and all the waters of creation started from under it; Midr. Till. to Ps. 1; Y.Ber.I, 2c bot., v. פִּילּוּג.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

שָׁגַר(Shaf. of גרר; cmp. נגר) to run, flow.Part. pass. שָׁגוּר; f. שְׁגוּרָה fluent, spoken without hesitation. Ber.V, 5 אם ש׳ תפלתיוכ׳ if my prayer is fluent in my mouth, I know, v. טָרַף; Tosef. ib. III, 3 שָׁגְרָה ed. Zuck. (Var. שגורה).(Cant. R. to I, 15 שוגרת, v. infra. Pi. שִׁיגֵּר 1) to speak with fluency. Ex. R. s. 9 כיון ששִׁיגְּרוּ … בפיהםוכ׳ when they recited (these verses) the whole night with fluency, they considered it a good sign 2) to make run, to send. Tanḥ. Mick. 8 תפוש … ושַׁגֵּר אותם לפני arrest them and send them up before me; Gen. R. s. 91. Ib. וש׳ בשבילםוכ׳ and sent (messengers) out for them to hunt them up Tosef.Sabb.XIII (XIV), 9 ולהיפרכוס שלהן ש׳ לווכ׳ and to their commander he sent a present of fifty denars. Ber.51a, sq. מְשַׁגְּרוֹ לאנשיוכ׳ he sends it as a gift to his household. Snh.59b אחד משגרווכ׳ he sent out one (serpent) to the south B. Bath. 146a. Sot.35b שִׁגְּרוּוכ׳, v. נוֹטָרִין a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּגָּר; f. מְשוּגֶּרֶת. Cant. R. to IV, 1, v. רוֹגְלִית; ib. to I, 15 שיגרת corr. acc.). Hif. הִשְׁגִּיר ( to speak fluently, to improvise a prayer, change the established form. Y.Ber.V, 9c שליח צבור שה׳ שתיםוכ׳ if a reader improvises two or three sections (of the Prayer of Benedictions), we do not make him go back and recite the established form.

שָׁגַר(Shaf. of גרר; cmp. נגר) to run, flow.Part. pass. שָׁגוּר; f. שְׁגוּרָה fluent, spoken without hesitation. Ber.V, 5 אם ש׳ תפלתיוכ׳ if my prayer is fluent in my mouth, I know, v. טָרַף; Tosef. ib. III, 3 שָׁגְרָה ed. Zuck. (Var. שגורה).(Cant. R. to I, 15 שוגרת, v. infra. Pi. שִׁיגֵּר 1) to speak with fluency. Ex. R. s. 9 כיון ששִׁיגְּרוּ … בפיהםוכ׳ when they recited (these verses) the whole night with fluency, they considered it a good sign 2) to make run, to send. Tanḥ. Mick. 8 תפוש … ושַׁגֵּר אותם לפני arrest them and send them up before me; Gen. R. s. 91. Ib. וש׳ בשבילםוכ׳ and sent (messengers) out for them to hunt them up Tosef.Sabb.XIII (XIV), 9 ולהיפרכוס שלהן ש׳ לווכ׳ and to their commander he sent a present of fifty denars. Ber.51a, sq. מְשַׁגְּרוֹ לאנשיוכ׳ he sends it as a gift to his household. Snh.59b אחד משגרווכ׳ he sent out one (serpent) to the south B. Bath. 146a. Sot.35b שִׁגְּרוּוכ׳, v. נוֹטָרִין a. fr.Part. pass. מְשוּגָּר; f. מְשוּגֶּרֶת. Cant. R. to IV, 1, v. רוֹגְלִית; ib. to I, 15 שיגרת corr. acc.). Hif. הִשְׁגִּיר ( to speak fluently, to improvise a prayer, change the established form. Y.Ber.V, 9c שליח צבור שה׳ שתיםוכ׳ if a reader improvises two or three sections (of the Prayer of Benedictions), we do not make him go back and recite the established form.

שוּפְטָנָאm. (v. שִׁפְטָא) childish man, idiot.Pl. שוּפְטָנֵי. B. Kam.85a (speaking of how much a man would take for allowing his hand to be cut off) בש׳ עסקינן do we treat of idiots (who but an idiot would do such a thing)? B. Mets.40a וכי בש׳וכ׳ do we speak of idiots who lend on large measure and take back on small measure? B. Bath. 122a אטו בש׳וכ׳ do we speak of idiots (that will part with their landed heirloom for money)?V. שִׁיפּוּט.

שוּפְטָנָאm. (v. שִׁפְטָא) childish man, idiot.Pl. שוּפְטָנֵי. B. Kam.85a (speaking of how much a man would take for allowing his hand to be cut off) בש׳ עסקינן do we treat of idiots (who but an idiot would do such a thing)? B. Mets.40a וכי בש׳וכ׳ do we speak of idiots who lend on large measure and take back on small measure? B. Bath. 122a אטו בש׳וכ׳ do we speak of idiots (that will part with their landed heirloom for money)?V. שִׁיפּוּט.

שִׁכּוֹר, שִׁי׳,m. (b. h.; שָׁכַר) drunk, intoxicated. Erub.64a ש׳ אל יתפלל an intoxicated person should not pray, contrad. to שתוי under the influence of wine. Ib. שתוי … ש׳ שאיןוכ׳ shathuy is he who could speak before a king (who could collect his mind, if he were suddenly summoned to speak), shikkor is he who could not Ber.31b ש׳ שמתפללוכ׳ a drunk person that prays is like one worshipping an idol. Num. R. s. 10; Tanḥ. Shmini 11; a. fr.

שִׁכּוֹר, שִׁי׳,m. (b. h.; שָׁכַר) drunk, intoxicated. Erub.64a ש׳ אל יתפלל an intoxicated person should not pray, contrad. to שתוי under the influence of wine. Ib. שתוי … ש׳ שאיןוכ׳ shathuy is he who could speak before a king (who could collect his mind, if he were suddenly summoned to speak), shikkor is he who could not Ber.31b ש׳ שמתפללוכ׳ a drunk person that prays is like one worshipping an idol. Num. R. s. 10; Tanḥ. Shmini 11; a. fr.

שִׁכּוֹר, שִׁי׳,m. (b. h.; שָׁכַר) drunk, intoxicated. Erub.64a ש׳ אל יתפלל an intoxicated person should not pray, contrad. to שתוי under the influence of wine. Ib. שתוי … ש׳ שאיןוכ׳ shathuy is he who could speak before a king (who could collect his mind, if he were suddenly summoned to speak), shikkor is he who could not Ber.31b ש׳ שמתפללוכ׳ a drunk person that prays is like one worshipping an idol. Num. R. s. 10; Tanḥ. Shmini 11; a. fr.

שִׁכּוֹר, שִׁי׳,m. (b. h.; שָׁכַר) drunk, intoxicated. Erub.64a ש׳ אל יתפלל an intoxicated person should not pray, contrad. to שתוי under the influence of wine. Ib. שתוי … ש׳ שאיןוכ׳ shathuy is he who could speak before a king (who could collect his mind, if he were suddenly summoned to speak), shikkor is he who could not Ber.31b ש׳ שמתפללוכ׳ a drunk person that prays is like one worshipping an idol. Num. R. s. 10; Tanḥ. Shmini 11; a. fr.