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1 ἄνευ
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `far from, without' (Il.).Dialectal forms: ἄνευν (Epidauros), ἄνευς (Olympia), ἄνις (Megara ap. Ar., cf. χωρίς), cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 535: 4a.Etymology: No exact correspondent. ἄνευ looks like an old locative of an u-stem. One compares Germanic forms, Goth. inu `without' (\< *ĕnu), OHG ānu id. (\< * ēnu), but this cannot explain the Greek ἀ-. (Skt. ánu `along' does not fit the meaning.) Better Skt. sanu-tár `away, off, aside' (* sen(H)u- or * snHu-?), Lat. sine `without' \<* seni \< * snh₁-i, Toch. A sne, B snai (* snh-ei). The Greek form prob. from * snh₁-eu \> * saneu. In this case ἄνευ must be a psilotic form. Wackernagel Symb. phil. Danielsson 390 A. 1. Prob. cognate with ἄτερ (s.v.), which can only be *sn̥-, without laryngeal.Page in Frisk: 1,106Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄνευ
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2 ἄτερ
Grammatical information: prep.Meaning: `without, far from' (Il.).Etymology: Psilotic for *ἁτέρ (Aeol. barytonesis or proclisis? Schwyzer 385), identical with adv. OHG. suntar `separated, but'; PIE. *sn̥-tér. Cf. Skt. sanu-tár `separate from, far away', Av. hanarǝ and Lat. sine \< * seni, Toch. A sne, B snai id., which however have a laryngeal (* snH-) which is impossible in ἄτερ; s. ἄνευ. - Not to ἅτερος (s. ἕτερος).Page in Frisk: 1,178Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄτερ
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3 Έρῑνῡς
Έρῑνύ̄ς, -ύοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: name of a revenging god(dess), orig. perh. the revenging soul of the the murdered man; appellativ. `revenge, curse' (Il.), name of Demeter in Arcadia (Antim., Call., Paus. 8, 25, 6).Other forms: On the length of the υ see LSJ. Εριννυς rejected by LSJDialectal forms: Myc. Erinu.Derivatives: ἐρινυώδης `like the E.' (Plu.); ἐρινύω = θυμῳ̃ χρῆσθαι (Arc., Paus. l. c., EM), cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 390.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Uncertain; diff. proposals: to ἔρις, ὀρίνω (Solmsen KZ 42, 230 n. 2), to Skt. ríṣyati `be damaged' (Ehrlich Sprachgesch. 35, Prellwitz KZ 47, 187); to Skt. roṣati, ruṣyati `be unpleasant, be angry' with dissimilation υ-υ to ι-υ (Froehde BB 20, 187f.); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 9, 233. Etym. from Sanskrit are improbable - A connection with the mythical stallion Έρίων ( Άρίων, ΌρίϜων; Bechtel Dial. 1, 349; s. also v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 399f.) requires further demonstration. - On the Erinyes Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 100f. - It is to be expected that the name is Pre-Greek. Cf. Herter, Lexis 3(1954)232 and Arena, Helikon 6 (1966)144f. Neumann, Sprache 32 (1986) 43-51 proposes * eri-snh₁-u- `who provokes struggle', from * sneh₁- as in νεῦρον. This would give, however, * eri-san-u- \> * eri-(h)anu-; this could be avoided by assuming that the laryngeal was lost in the compound. But does `provoke struggles' fit? Heubeck, Glotta 64 (1986), who accepts Neumann, answers no; (in fact he says that such a meaning "zwar nicht restlos geschwunden, aber doch... weitgehend zurückgedrängt worden ist", p. 164. The Erinyes have nothing to do with ἔρις, and the proposal cannot be correct; their primary function is to punish. So there is no good IE etymology and the word will be Pre-Greek. (The ending -ῡς would have to be from - uH-s, i.e. - u-h₂- (there is no suffix - uH-_), but Motionsfem. of this type in Greek are not known). I think that the ending is Pre-Greek. Also the variation ν\/νν may represent a palatal (phoneme) ny (cf. ly in Α᾽χιλ(λ)εύς; for the phenomenon see Beekes, Pre-Greek B 1).Page in Frisk: 1,559Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Έρῑνῡς
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