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121 arnaque
feminine noun* * *aʀnak nf *(= escroquerie) swindle* * *arnaque◑ nf swindle, rip-off○.[arnak] nom féminin -
122 let
I [let] present participle - letting; verb1) (to allow or permit: She refused to let her children go out in the rain; Let me see your drawing.) dovoliti2) (to cause to: I will let you know how much it costs.) poskrbeti za3) (used for giving orders or suggestions: If they will not work, let them starve; Let's (= let us) leave right away!) naj•- let someone or something alone/be
- let alone/be
- let down
- let fall
- let go of
- let go
- let in
- out
- let in for
- let in on
- let off
- let up
- let well alone II [let] present participle - letting; verb(to give the use of (a house etc) in return for payment: He lets his house to visitors in the summer.) dati v najem- to let* * *I [let]1.transitive verbpustiti, dovoliti; dati v najem (to komu, for za čas); dati (delo, to komu); pomožni glagol za tvorbo velelnika v 1. in 3. osebi;2.intransitive verbbiti najet (at, for za); iti (dobro, slabo) v najemto let drive at — (puško)nameriti na koga, zamahniti, udaritito let daylight into s.o. — koga ustreliti ali zabostito let drop — mimogrede omeniti, nehati o čem govoritito let fall — spustiti, mimogrede omeniti, namigniti; mathematics povleči navpičnico na premicoto let fly — vreči, sprožiti (puško)to let go — spustiti, nehati na kaj misliti, (z besedami) napastito let go of s.th. — spustiti kaj iz rokto let o.s. go — ne obvladati se, sprostiti se, dati si duškaAmerican to let George do it — pustiti, da kdo drug opravi tvoje deloto let the grass grow under one's feet — odlašati, obotavljati seto let s.o. hear — sporočiti komuto let ride — pustiti po starem, spregledatito let slip — izbrbljati, zamuditi dobro priliko, spustiti iz vajetilet me see! — da vidim!, pokaži!; colloquially počakaj, da pomislimto let s.o. know — obvestiti koga, sporočiti komuto let into — pustiti koga noter, seznaniti koga s čim, vstaviti (kos blaga itd.), vložitito let into s.o. — napasti kogaII [let]nounBritish English najemIII [let]1.nounarchaiczapreka, ovira; sport neveljavna žoga (tenis);2.transitive verb archaicovirati -
123 report
[rə'po:t] 1. noun1) (a statement or description of what has been said, seen, done etc: a child's school report; a police report on the accident.) poročilo2) (rumour; general talk: According to report, the manager is going to resign.) govorica3) (a loud noise, especially of a gun being fired.) pok2. verb1) (to give a statement or description of what has been said, seen, done etc: A serious accident has just been reported; He reported on the results of the conference; Our spies report that troops are being moved to the border; His speech was reported in the newspaper.) poročati2) (to make a complaint about; to give information about the misbehaviour etc of: The boy was reported to the headmaster for being rude to a teacher.) prijaviti (koga)3) (to tell someone in authority about: He reported the theft to the police.) prijaviti4) (to go (to a place or a person) and announce that one is there, ready for work etc: The boys were ordered to report to the police-station every Saturday afternoon; Report to me when you return; How many policemen reported for duty?) javiti (se)•- reporter- reported speech
- report back* * *I [ripɔ:t]nounporočilo; novica, vest (of, on o); letno poročilo; šolsko izpričevalo; zapisnik, protokol; izvid, poročilo o preiskavi, o pregledu; opis, pripoved, zgodba; ljudski glas, govorica, fama (of, about o); zvok, odmev; tresk, pok ( of a gun puške), detonacijaaccording to a current report — po govorici, ki se širito draw up a report on s.th. — napisati poročilo o čemthe report goes that... — govori se, pravijo, kroži govorica, da...to file a report — vložiti, izročiti poročilothey are people of good (evil) report — to so ljudje, ki so na dobrem (slabem) glasuII [ripɔ:t]transitive verbporočati, sporočiti, naznaniti, javiti; prijaviti (to pri, for zaradi); tožiti; raportirati; opisati, prikazati, predstaviti; protokolirati; pripovedovati; intransitive verb napraviti, predložili poročilo (on o), reportažo; reportirati (on, upon o); prijaviti se, javiti se na raport; delati kot poročevalec (za časopis)to report oneself — javiti se, predstaviti seI reported him — prijavil sem ga; tožil sem gahe is reported as saying... — pravijo, da je on rekel (izjavil)he is reported to be very ill — o njem se govori, da je zelo bolanhe reports for the "Times" — on je poročevalec za (časopis) "Times"it is reported that... — govori se, da...to report progress to s.o. — poročati komu o stanju (neke) stvari -
124 repulse
1. verb1) (to repel (an enemy).) odbiti2) (to refuse to accept eg help from, or be friendly to.) odkloniti2. noun((an) act of repulsing.) zavrnitev- repulsive
- repulsively
- repulsiveness* * *I [ripʌls]nounodbitje, odvračanje, zavračanje, zavrnitev, odklonitev; (vojaški) neuspeh, poraz; repulzto meet with a repulse, to suffer a repulse — biti odklonjen, zavrnjen, ne biti uslišan, dobiti "košarico", doživeti neuspehII [ripʌls]transitive verbodbiti, odkloniti, zavrniti, ne hoteti uslišati, dati "košarico"; ne vzeti v poštev (zahteve, ponudbe itd.); military odbiti, odgnati, zavrniti (sovražnika), odpoditi; figuratively potolči, poraziti (v sporu, prepiru)to repulse an assailant (an attack, an offer, a suitor) — odbiti napadalca (napad, ponudbo, snubca) -
125 rent
I [rent] II [rent]nome (for accommodation) affitto m.III 1. [rent]1) (hire) affittare, prendere in affitto [car, house]2.2) ( let for rent)he rents to students — [ landlord] affitta a studenti
•- rent outIV [rent]* * *I 1. [rent] noun(money paid, usually regularly, for the use of a house, shop, land etc which belongs to someone else: The rent for this flat is $50 a week.)2. verb(to pay or receive rent for the use of a house, shop, land etc: We rent this flat from Mr Smith; Mr Smith rents this flat to us.)- rental- rent-a-car
- rent-free 3. adjective(for which rent does not need to be paid: a rent-free flat.) gratuito- rent outII [rent] noun(an old word for a tear (in clothes etc).)* * *rent (1) /rɛnt/pass. e p. p. di to rend.rent (2) /rɛnt/n.1 lacerazione; strapporent (3) /rɛnt/n.1 [uc] affitto; canone d'affitto: to pay the rent, pagare l'affitto; rent in advance, affitto anticipato; rent in arrears, affitto arretrato; DIALOGO → - Asking about rent and bills- The rent is £900 a month plus bills, l'affitto è £900 al mese più le spese; The annual rent for ( o on) the flat is £8,000, l'affitto annuale per l'appartamento è di £8.000; I love the flat, but I can't afford the rent, l'appartamento mi piace tantissimo, ma non mi posso permettere l'affitto; low-rent housing, alloggi a basso canone3 [u] (= economic rent; termine dell'economia classica; cfr. rente e unearned income, sotto income, def. 1) rendita● rent book, ricevutario dei canoni d'affitto □ (fam.) rent boy, giovane prostituto □ rent collector, esattore ( di affitti) □ (leg., econ.) rent control, controllo dei canoni d'affitto □ rent-free, senza affitto; gratuitamente; ( d'alloggio) gratuito □ (leg., econ.) rent freeze, blocco degli affitti □ rent officer, funzionario che fissa un canone equo ( in mancanza d'accordo tra locatore e locatario) □ rent restrictions, disciplina delle locazioni (o dei canoni d'affitto) □ (stor.) rent roll, lista dei poderi col nome degli affittuari; ammontare delle rendite dei propri terreni; ruolo dei censi □ (econ.) rent-seeking, «rent-seeking»; ricerca di rendita □ (stor.) rent service, servizi resi in luogo del canone d'affitto □ rent strike, sospensione del pagamento dell'affitto ( come protesta per gli aumenti, la cattiva conduzione, ecc.); autoriduzione ( del canone) □ (fam. USA) to bet the rent, scommetterci la testa □ «for rent», «affittasi» ( cartello).♦ (to) rent /rɛnt/A v. t.1 prendere in affitto; affittare: We have rented a house at the beach for the summer, abbiamo preso in affitto una casa sulla spiaggia per l'estateB v. i.( USA) affittarsi; essere affittato: The apartment rents for ten thousand dollars a year, l'appartamento si affitta a diecimila dollari l'anno● to rent out, dare in affitto; affittare: to rent out a room, dare in affitto una camera.* * *I [rent] II [rent]nome (for accommodation) affitto m.III 1. [rent]1) (hire) affittare, prendere in affitto [car, house]2.2) ( let for rent)he rents to students — [ landlord] affitta a studenti
•- rent outIV [rent] -
126 tear
1. n разрыв, разрывание2. n прореха; дыра3. n стремительный галоп или шагfull tear — стремглав, опрометью
4. n спешка5. n амер. разг. кутёж6. n страсть, неистовство7. n бешенствоto be in a tear — быть в бешенстве, быть вне себя
8. n тех. задирание9. v разрывать, рвать10. v рваться, разрываться; изнашиваться11. v подрывать; чернить, смешивать с грязью12. v диал. раскалывать; разрушать13. v раздирать14. v ранить15. v обыкн. s16. v нарушать спокойствиеa country torn by civil war — страна, раздираемая на части гражданской войной
17. v терзать, раздирать18. v пронзать, прорезать19. v выдёргивать, вырывать, вытягивать; выхватывать, отниматьtear away — отрывать; вырывать, освобождать
20. v разг. нестись стремглав, опрометью; мчаться, рваться21. v разг. неистовствовать; бушевать, свирепствовать; горячиться22. v разг. врываться23. v разг. налетать, неся разрушенияthe hurricanes tore into the coasts — ураганы прошли вдоль береговой линии, разрушая всё на своём пути
24. v разг. разг. набрасываться, накидываться25. v разг. отрывать26. v разг. проезжать на большой скорости27. v разг. пробивать28. n слезаin tears — в слезах; плачущий
to burst into tears — расплакаться, разрыдаться
29. n горе, печаль30. n капля31. n «слеза»32. v слезитьсяСинонимический ряд:1. binge (noun) bat; bender; binge; blowoff; booze; brannigan; bum; bust; carousal; carouse; compotation; drunk; jag; orgy; ran-tan; rowdydow; soak; souse; spree; toot; wassail2. fissure (noun) break; crack; fissure; gash; hole; laceration; rent; rip; slit; split3. cut (verb) cleave; cut; lacerate; pull apart; rend; rip; rive; sever; shred; split; sunder4. grab (verb) evulse; extract; grab; pluck; pull; snatch; yank5. rush (verb) boil; bolt; career; charge; chase; course; dash; fling; lash; race; rush; shoot; speedАнтонимический ряд:join; mend; patch -
127 tear
Ⅰ.tear1 [teə(r)]déchirer ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (d) froisser ⇒ 1 (b) arracher ⇒ 1 (c), 1 (e) se déchirer ⇒ 2 (a) se précipiter ⇒ 2 (b) déchirure ⇒ 3(a) (rip → page, material) déchirer; (→ clothes) déchirer, faire un accroc à; (→ flesh) déchirer, arracher;∎ I tore my jacket on a nail j'ai fait un accroc à ma veste avec un clou;∎ he tore a hole in the paper il a fait un trou dans le papier;∎ he tore a hole in his trousers il a fait un trou à son pantalon;∎ tear along the dotted line (on form) détacher suivant le pointillé;∎ the dog was tearing the meat from a bone le chien déchiquetait la viande d'un os;∎ her heart was torn by grief/remorse elle était déchirée par la douleur/le remords;∎ she tore open the letter elle ouvrit l'enveloppe en la déchirant, elle déchira l'enveloppe;∎ she tore open the wrapper elle déchira l'emballage pour l'ouvrir;∎ to tear sth in two or in half déchirer qch en deux;∎ you can tear a piece off this cloth vous pouvez déchirer un morceau de ce tissu;∎ also figurative to tear one's hair s'arracher les cheveux;∎ to tear sth to pieces (document, bank note etc) déchirer qch en mille morceaux;∎ the fox was torn to pieces by the hounds le renard a été déchiqueté ou mis en pièces par la meute;∎ to be torn to shreds être en lambeaux;∎ to tear sth to shreds mettre qch en lambeaux;∎ figurative the critics tore the film to shreds or pieces les critiques ont éreinté le film;∎ figurative to tear sb to shreds or pieces mettre qn en pièces, écharper qn(b) (muscle, ligament) froisser, déchirer(c) (grab, snatch) arracher;∎ he tore the cheque from or out of my hand il m'a arraché le chèque des mains;∎ the door had been torn from its hinges by the wind le vent avait fait sortir la porte de ses gonds∎ I'm torn between going and staying je suis tiraillé entre le désir de partir et celui de rester, j'hésite entre partir et rester;∎ the country had been torn by civil war for thirty years ça faisait trente ans que le pays était déchiré par la guerre civile∎ sorry to tear you from your reading, but I need your help je regrette de vous arracher à votre lecture, mais j'ai besoin de votre aide;∎ familiar British that's torn it, American that tears it c'est le bouquet, il ne manquait plus que cela(a) (paper, cloth) se déchirer;∎ this cloth tears easily ce tissu se déchire facilement∎ to tear after sb se précipiter ou se lancer à la poursuite de qn;∎ to tear up/down the stairs monter/descendre l'escalier quatre à quatre;∎ the cyclists came tearing past les cyclistes sont passés à toute allure ou vitesse;∎ the children were tearing around the playground les enfants couraient de tous les côtés dans la cour de récréation;∎ she came tearing into the garden elle a déboulé dans le jardin à toute allure, elle s'est précipitée dans le jardin∎ to tear through a job faire un travail à toute vitesse;∎ he tore through the book/the report il a lu le livre/le rapport très rapidement3 noun(in paper, cloth) déchirure f; (in clothes) déchirure f, accroc m;∎ this page has a tear in it cette page est déchirée;∎ who's responsible for the tears in the curtains? qui a déchiré les rideaux?(a) (rip to pieces) déchirer∎ no one can tear them apart (friends) on ne peut pas les séparer, ils sont inséparables; (fighters) on n'arrive pas à les séparer;∎ the party was being torn apart by internal strife le parti était déchiré ou divisé par des luttes intestines∎ to tear at sth déchirer ou arracher qch;∎ the dogs tore at the meat les chiens arrachèrent ou déchiquetèrent la viande;∎ the children tore impatiently at the wrapping paper dans leur impatience les enfants déchirèrent le papier d'emballage(b) (from activity) arracher;∎ to tear sb away from sth arracher qn à qch;∎ I just couldn't tear myself away je ne pouvais tout simplement pas me décider à partir;∎ surely you can tear yourself away from your work for ten minutes? tu ne vas pas me dire que tu ne peux pas t'éloigner de ton travail pendant dix minutes?, tu peux quand même laisser ton travail dix minutes!(a) (remove → poster) arracher(a) (attack, rush at) se précipiter sur;∎ the boxers tore into each other les boxeurs se sont jetés l'un sur l'autre(b) familiar (reprimand) enguirlander, passer un savon à; (criticize) taper sur, descendre (en flèche);∎ he really tore into me over my exam results il m'a bien engueulé ou il m'a passé un bon savon au sujet de mes résultats d'examen;∎ the critics have really torn into his latest film les critiques ont complètement descendu son dernier film(c) (bite into → of teeth, knife) s'enfoncer dans;∎ the saw tore into the soft wood la scie s'est enfoncée dans le bois tendre comme dans du beurre(a) (tape, wrapper) arracher, enlever en arrachant; (along perforations) détacher; (clothing) retirer ou enlever rapidement;∎ he tore off his trousers and jumped into the water il retira ou enleva son pantalon en toute hâte et sauta dans l'eau;∎ he had had one of his arms torn off by a machine il avait eu le bras arraché par une machine;∎ British familiar to tear sb off a strip, to tear a strip off sb passer un savon à qn, enguirlander qn(b) familiar (report, essay etc → do hurriedly) écrire à toute vitesse□ ; (→ do badly) bâcler, torcher(page) arracher; (coupon, cheque) détacher;∎ to tear a page out of a book arracher une page d'un livre;∎ also figurative to tear one's hair out s'arracher les cheveuxⅡ.tear2 [tɪə(r)](from eye) larme f;∎ to be in tears être en larmes;∎ to burst into tears fondre en larmes;∎ to shed tears verser des larmes;∎ I shed no tears over her resignation sa démission ne m'a pas ému outre mesure ou ne m'a pas arraché de larmes;∎ to shed tears of joy pleurer de joie, verser des larmes de joie;∎ he had tears or there were tears in his eyes il avait les larmes aux yeux;∎ to be on the verge of tears, to be near to tears être au bord des larmes;∎ to be moved to tears être ému aux larmes;∎ the performance moved me to tears or brought tears to my eyes le spectacle m'a ému aux larmes;∎ figurative to be bored to tears s'ennuyer à mourir►► tear duct canal m lacrymal;tear gas gaz m lacrymogène -
128 abuse
------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] matukano[Swahili Plural] matukano[Part of Speech] noun[Derived Word] tukana V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] shutumu[Swahili Plural] mashutumu[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] tukano[Swahili Plural] matukano[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Derived Word] tukana V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] tushi[Swahili Plural] matushi[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Derived Word] tusha V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] tusi[Swahili Plural] matusi[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Derived Word] tusha V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] tusu[Swahili Plural] matushi[Part of Speech] noun------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] usafihi[Part of Speech] noun------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -atibu[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -hakirisha[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -hizi[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] hizaya------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -hizi[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] hizaya------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -kebehi[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -kebehi[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -poteza[Part of Speech] verb[Class] causative[Derived Language] Swahili[Derived Word] -potea------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -rumbiza[Part of Speech] verb[Class] causative------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -safihi[Part of Speech] verb[English Example] (s)he abuses children[Swahili Example] Yeye anasafihi watoto------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -safii[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -sengenya[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -shutumu[Part of Speech] verb[English Example] (s)he was abused that (s)he is a thief[Swahili Example] Alishutuma kuwa yeye ni mwizi------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -sibabi[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -sibu[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] Arabic------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -stihizai[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -stihizaya[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -subu[Part of Speech] verb[Derived Word] Arabic------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -taadi[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -tadi[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -tapisha[Part of Speech] verb[Class] causative[Derived Word] tapika V[English Example] don't abuse and boast to me[Swahili Example] usin'tapishe na kunitambiatambia [Ma]------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -tukana[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] ukome kuniandikiaandikia vijibarua vyako vya kunitukana [Ma]------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse[Swahili Word] -amba[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] mwambaji------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse each other[Swahili Word] -raruana[Part of Speech] verb[English Example] This cloth will not rip.[Swahili Example] kitambaa hiki hakiraruki------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] abuse each other[Swahili Word] -semana[Part of Speech] verb[English Example] they abused each other after they were caught by police[Swahili Example] Walisemana wao kwa wao baada ya kukamatwa na polisi------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] term of abuse[Swahili Word] nyoko![Part of Speech] pronoun[Terminology] vulgar------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] term of abuse (scavenger?)[Swahili Word] kazoakazoa[Part of Speech] noun[Derived Word] zoa------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] terms of abuse[Swahili Word] matushi[Swahili Plural] matushi[Part of Speech] noun[Derived Word] tusha V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] terms of abuse[Swahili Word] matusi[Swahili Plural] matusi[Part of Speech] noun[Derived Word] tusha V------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] use abusive language[Swahili Word] -fioa[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] use abusive language[Swahili Word] -fyoa[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] use abusive language to each other[Swahili Word] -tukanana[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[English Word] vile abuse[Swahili Word] tusi[Swahili Plural] matusi[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Derived Word] tusha V------------------------------------------------------------
См. также в других словарях:
rip current — noun a strong surface current flowing outwards from a shore • Syn: ↑riptide • Hypernyms: ↑current, ↑stream • Part Holonyms: ↑tide * * * ˌrip ˈcurrent 7 [rip current … Useful english dictionary
rip — I. /rɪp / (say rip) verb (ripped, ripping) –verb (t) 1. to cut or tear apart in a rough or vigorous manner; slash; slit. 2. to cut or tear away in a rough or vigorous manner. 3. to saw (wood) in the direction of the grain. 4. Also, rip up. to… …
rip — rip1 [ rıp ] verb ** 1. ) transitive to tear something quickly and with a lot of force: Jodie ripped the letter open. Stop pulling my shirt you ll rip it. rip something to shreds (=destroy something completely by tearing it): Her skirt was ripped … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
rip — Ⅰ. rip [1] ► VERB (ripped, ripping) 1) tear or pull forcibly away from something or someone. 2) tear. 3) move forcefully and rapidly. 4) (rip off) informal cheat (someone), especially financially … English terms dictionary
rip-off — ˈrip off noun [countable] informal 1. something that is unreasonably expensive: • The survey found that most dieters thought diet programs were a big rip off. 2. something that is a copy of something else: • The high street stores are selling… … Financial and business terms
rip cord — noun 1. : a cord by which the gasbag of a balloon may be ripped open for a limited distance to release the gas quickly and so cause immediate descent 2. : a cord or wire pulled manually or automatically in making a descent to release the pilot… … Useful english dictionary
rip|ple — rip|ple1 «RIHP uhl», noun, verb, pled, pling. –n. 1. a very little wave: »Throw a stone into still water and watch the ripples spread in rings. SYNONYM(S): See syn. under wave. (Cf. ↑wave) 2. anything that seems like a tin … Useful english dictionary
rip-off — rip ,off noun count usually singular INFORMAL something that is more expensive than it should be: Our meal in town was a complete rip off. rip off prices … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
rip-off — noun (C) informal something that is unreasonably expensive: Five pounds for a coffee? What a rip off! see also: rip off rip 1 … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
rip current — noun A strong flow of surface water, away from the shore, that returns water from incoming waves Syn: rip tide, riptide, rip … Wiktionary
rip-roaring — rip ,roaring adjective only before noun INFORMAL very lively and exciting: The show was a rip roaring success … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English