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relationship

Толкование Перевод

1 cognatio

cognātĭo, ōnis, f. [cognatus].
I.
Lit., blood relationship, kindred, connection by birth.
A.
Of men.
1.
Absol.: societas... quae nata a primo satu... serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, [p. 361] deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus, tum civibus, Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:
frater noster cognatione patruelis,
id. ib. 5, 1, 1:
ut quisque te maxime cognatione, adfinitate, necessitudine aliquā attingebat,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 27:
cognationem commemorare,
id. ib. 2, 2, 26, §
64: cognationis jura inpetrare,
Plin. Pan. 37, 3: propinqua, a near or close relationship:
cujus gloriae faveo propter propinquam cognationem,
Cic. Lig. 3, 8:
Barcina, propinquā cognatione Hannibali junctus,
Liv. 23, 41, 2; cf. id. 6, 39, 4 (infra 2); Nep. praef. 7; Suet. Ner. 3; Curt. 5, 3, 12; 6, 11, 20;
for which: artissimā cognatione alicui junctum esse,
Just. 5, 6, 4: longa or longinqua, a distant relationship:
longā quidem cognatione stirpi regiae adnexus,
Curt. 4, 1, 19:
Alexandrum etiam longinquā cognatione contingere,
id. 10, 10, 19. —
2.
With cum:
dicere, sibi cum eo amicitiam cognationemque esse,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:
nulla tibi cum isto cognatio, nulla necessitudo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 68, § 176; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 33, §
72: agere mecum per cognationem quae mihi secum esset,
id. Att. 12, 49, 1.—
3.
With gen. pers.:
deorum cognationem agnoscerem non invitus ( = cum dis),
Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 91; cf.:
deorum cognatione teneri,
id. Div. 1, 30, 64:
dictatorem propinquā cognatione Licini se apud patres excusare solitum,
Liv. 6, 39, 4:
Alexandro cognatio Bubaris non Darei tantum temporibus pacem praestitit,
Just. 7, 4, 1; 12, 3, 1.—
B.
Of animals:
equorum,
Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 157:
caprarum,
id. 8, 50, 76, § 203.—
C.
Of plants:
arborum,
Plin. 16, 12, 23, § 61:
caeparum,
id. 19, 6, 33, § 108:
papyri cum calamis,
id. 16, 36, 64, § 157.—
II.
Transf., concr., kindred, relations, persons, allied by descent:
homo summae potentiae et magnae cognationis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 32:
hoc commune dedecus familiae, cognationis, nominis,
Cic. Clu. 6, 16: cum tibi tota cognatio sarraco advehatur, id. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 21.—
III.
Trop.
A.
In gen., relationship, association, intimate or natural connection, agreement, kindred, resemblance, affinity (freq. and class.):
quibus (poëtis) est maxima cognatio cum oratoribus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 2, 36, 115:
cognatio studiorum et artium,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81; cf.:
omnes artes... quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,
id. Arch. 1, 2:
numerus... nec habebat aliquam necessitudinem aut cognationem cum oratione,
id. Or. 56, 187:
numquam sibi cognationem cum praediis esse existimavit suis,
id. Sull. 20, 59:
an potest cognatio propior ulla esse quam patriae?
id. Phil. 5, 2, 6:
cum rerum naturā,
id. Div. 2, 14, 33:
rerum duarum,
subjects, Quint. 9, 2, 105:
dierum ac noctium,
Plin. 6, 33, 39, § 211:
quid in litteris proprium, quid commune, quae cum quibus cognatio,
Quint. 1, 4, 12; 1, 10, 36:
huic (napthae) magna cognatio ignium,
Plin. 2, 105, 109, § 235.—
B.
Transf., concr., of works of art:
Pamphili cognatio et proelium ad Phliuntem ac victoria Atheniensium,
the allied commanders painted by Pamphilus, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 76; 35, 11, 40, § 136.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > cognatio
2 cōgnātiō

cōgnātiō ōnis, f [1 cognatus], blood-relationship, kindred, connection by birth: frater noster cognatione patruelis: te maxime cognatione attingebat: cognationem intervenisse, S.: propinquā cognatione Hannibali iunctus, L.: nulla tibi cum isto: deorum (i. e. cum dis). — Concr., kindred, relations, persons allied by descent: homo magnae cognationis, Cs.: dedecus cognationis.—Fig., relationship, association, connection, agreement, kindred, resemblance, affinity: quibus (poëtis) est maxima cum oratoribus: studiorum et artium: an potest propior ulla esse quam patriae?
* * *

cognationis N F

blood relation/relationship; kinsmen/relatives, family; consanguinity; affinity

Latin-English dictionary > cōgnātiō
3 consanguinitas

consanguĭnĭtas, ātis, f. [consanguineus], blood-relationship, consanguinity (rare; perh. not ante-Aug.).
I.
In a restricted sense, the relationship between brothers and sisters (mostly in the jurists), Dig. 38, 8, 4; 1, 7, 44.—
II.
In a more extended sense, relationship, in gen., Liv. 7, 19, 6; 8, 5, 4; Verg. A. 2, 86.—
* b.
Trop.: doctrinae, affinity, similarity, Tert. adv. Haeret. c. 32 fin.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > consanguinitas
4 cōnsanguinitās

cōnsanguinitās ātis, f [consanguineus], kindred, relationship: misericordia consanguinitatis, L.: consanguinitate propinquus, V.
* * *

consanguinitatis N F

blood-relationship/kinship/consanguinity; (esp. between brothers/sisters L+S)

Latin-English dictionary > cōnsanguinitās
5 gentīlitās

gentīlitās ātis, f [gentilis], the relationship between members of a gens: gentilitatis ius: gentilitatum iura.
* * *

gentilitatis N F

kinship; relatives with same name; clan relationship; paganism; heathens/pagans

Latin-English dictionary > gentīlitās
6 propinquitās

propinquitās ātis, f [propinquus], nearness, vicinity, proximity, propinquity: hostium, Cs.: locorum: castra aptissima maris propinquitate, Cs.: silvarum petunt propinquitates, Cs.—Fig., relationship, affinity, kindred: vinculis propinquitatis coniunctus: familiae et propinquitates, Ta.: si propinquitates summo bono non continentur.
* * *

propinquitatis N F

nearness, vicinity; propinquity; relationship

Latin-English dictionary > propinquitās
7 proximitās

proximitās ātis, f [proximus], nearness, vicinity, proximity: nimia, O.—Fig., near relationship: ipsaque damno est mihi proximitas, O.— Similarity, resemblance: lateat vitium proximitate boni, O.
* * *

proximitatis N F

near relationship; resemblance; similarity

Latin-English dictionary > proximitās
8 cupla

I
cuplae N F

string, rope; tie, bond, fastening; leash, harness; mooring cable; ligament; friendly/close relationship, bond, intimate connection; (used in grammar)
II
cuplae N F

small barrel/cask/tub; niche in a columbarium (for ashes); small burying vault; friendly/close relationship, bond, intimate connection; (used in grammar)

Latin-English dictionary > cupla
9 adfinitas

affīnĭtas ( adf-), ātis, f. [affinis] ( gen. plur. adfinitatium, Just. 17, 3), the state or condition of adfinis.
I.
Relationship or alliance by marriage, esp. between a father and son-in-law, Ter. And. 1, 5, 12 Ruhnk. (cf. affinis):
adstringere inter aliquos,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 73:
effugere,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 12; so id. Hec. 4, 4, 101:
caritas generis humani serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 68:
adfinitate se devincire cum aliquo,
id. Brut. 26:
cum aliquo adfinitate conjungi,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3:
in adfinitatem alicujus pervenire,
id. Att. 19, 1:
contrahere,
Vell. 2, 44:
facere inter aliquos,
id. 2, 65:
jungere cum aliquo,
Liv. 1, 1:
adfinitate conjunctus,
allied by marriage, Suet. Ner. 35:
in adfinitatis jura succedit,
Just. 7, 3.— Meton., the persons so related, like kindred in Engl.:
patriam deseras, cognatos, adfinitatem, amicos,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 75.—
II.
Fig., relationship, affinity, union, connection (rare), Varr. R. R. 1, 16:
litterarum,
Quint. 1, 6, 24: per adfinitatem litterarum, qui phôr Graece, Latine fur est, Gell. 1, 18, 5:
tanta est adfinitas corporibus hominum mentibusque,
id. 4, 13, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adfinitas
10 affinitas

affīnĭtas ( adf-), ātis, f. [affinis] ( gen. plur. adfinitatium, Just. 17, 3), the state or condition of adfinis.
I.
Relationship or alliance by marriage, esp. between a father and son-in-law, Ter. And. 1, 5, 12 Ruhnk. (cf. affinis):
adstringere inter aliquos,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 73:
effugere,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 12; so id. Hec. 4, 4, 101:
caritas generis humani serpit sensim foras, cognationibus primum, tum adfinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 68:
adfinitate se devincire cum aliquo,
id. Brut. 26:
cum aliquo adfinitate conjungi,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3:
in adfinitatem alicujus pervenire,
id. Att. 19, 1:
contrahere,
Vell. 2, 44:
facere inter aliquos,
id. 2, 65:
jungere cum aliquo,
Liv. 1, 1:
adfinitate conjunctus,
allied by marriage, Suet. Ner. 35:
in adfinitatis jura succedit,
Just. 7, 3.— Meton., the persons so related, like kindred in Engl.:
patriam deseras, cognatos, adfinitatem, amicos,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 75.—
II.
Fig., relationship, affinity, union, connection (rare), Varr. R. R. 1, 16:
litterarum,
Quint. 1, 6, 24: per adfinitatem litterarum, qui phôr Graece, Latine fur est, Gell. 1, 18, 5:
tanta est adfinitas corporibus hominum mentibusque,
id. 4, 13, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > affinitas
11 conjunctum

con-jungo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to bind together, connect, join, unite (very freq. in all perr. and species of composition); constr. with cum, inter se, the dat., or the acc. only; trop. also with ad.
I.
Lit.
(α).
With cum:
eam epistulam cum hac,
Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 3:
animam cum animo,
Lucr. 3, 160:
naturam tenuem gravi cum corpore,
id. 5, 563.—
(β).
With inter se, Lucr. 3, 559; cf. id. 3, 137.—
(γ).
With dat.:
castra muro oppidoque,
Caes. B. C. 2, 25:
ita cursum regebat, ut primi conjungi ultimis possent,
Curt. 5, 13, 10:
conjunguntur his (porticibus) domus ampliores,
Vitr. 6, 7, 3:
dextrae dextram,
Ov. M. 8, 421:
aëra terris,
Lucr. 5, 564.—
(δ).
With the acc. only:
boves,
i. e. to yoke together, Cato, R. R. 138; cf.:
bis binos (equos),
Lucr. 5, 1299:
calamost plures ceră,
Verg. E. 2, 32:
dextras,
id. A. 1, 514:
nostras manus,
Tib. 1, 6, 60:
oras (vulneris) suturā,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
medium intervallum ponte,
Suet. Calig. 19:
supercilia conjuncta,
id. Aug. 79:
verba,
Quint. 8, 3, 36.—
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen.
(α).
With cum:
eas cohortes cum exercitu suo,
Caes. B. C. 1, 18:
quem ego cum deorum laude conjungo,
i. e. put on an equality with, Cic. Pis. 9, 20; id. Font. 10, 21; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 28:
imperii dedecus cum probro privato,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Red. Sen. 2, 4; id. Red. Quir. 7, 16; id. Brut. 31, 120:
judicium suum cum illius auctoritate,
Quint. 10, 3, 1:
voluptatem cum laude ac dignitate,
id. 8, pr. 33; 12, 2, 8; Cat. 64, 331.—
(β).
With ad (very rare), Quint. 4, 1, 16.—
(γ).
With dat.:
noctem diei,
Caes. B. C. 3, 13:
arma finitimis,
Liv. 8, 16, 2; 42, 47, 3:
se alicui,
Curt. 8, 13, 4:
laudem oratori,
Quint. 1, 10, 17; 5, 10, 51:
sequentia prioribus,
id. 11, 2, 20.—So of writings, to add:
pauca scribenda conjungendaque huic commentario statui,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 48.—
(δ).
With in and abl.:
cum in tui familiarissimi judicio ac periculo tuum crimen conjungeretur,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 2:
nefarium est... socium fallere qui se in negotio conjunxit,
id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17.—
(ε).
With in and acc.:
omnia vota in unum,
Petr. 86.—
(ζ).
With acc. only:
vocales,
to contract, Cic. Or. 44, 150; Quint. 12, 10, 30: bellum, to carry on or wage in concert, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26; Sil. 15, 52:
vires,
Val. Fl. 6, 632:
Galliae duae, quas hoc tempore uno imperio videmus esse conjunctas,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 2, 3:
aequum est enim militum, talium praesertim, honorem conjungi,
id. Phil. 14, 11, 29:
ne... tantae nationes conjungantur,
Caes. B. G. 3, 11:
hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,
Verg. A. 5, 712:
res... sicut inter se cohaerent tempore, ita opere ipso conjungi,
Curt. 5, 1, 2:
passus,
Ov. M. 11, 64:
abstinentiam cibi,
i. e. to continue without interruption, Tac. A. 6, 26;
in the same sense, consulatus,
Suet. Calig. 17; and:
rerum actum,
id. Claud. 23:
nox eadem necem Britannici et rogum conjunxit,
Tac. A. 13, 17. —
B.
In partic.
1.
To compose, form by uniting:
quod (Epicurus) e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est (i. e. Epicuri summum bonum),
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 44 Madv. ad loc.—
2.
To unite, join in marriage or love:
me tecum,
Ov. H. 21, 247:
aliquam secum matrimonio,
Curt. 6, 9, 30:
aliquam sibi justo matrimonio,
Suet. Ner. 28; cf.:
aliquam sibi,
id. Calig. 26:
conjungi Poppaeae,
Tac. A. 14, 60; Cat. 64, 335:
conubia Sabinorum (Romulus),
to bring about, accomplish, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37.—
3.
To connect, unite by the ties of relationship or friendship:
se tecum affinitate,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3:
tota domus conjugio et stirpe conjungitur,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:
nos inter nos (res publica),
id. Fam. 5, 7, 2:
me tibi (studia),
id. ib. 15, 11, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 21:
multos sibi familiari amicitiā,
Sall. J. 7, 7:
Ausonios Teucris foedere,
Verg. A. 10, 105:
optimum quemque hospitio et amicitiā,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:
amicitiam,
id. Clu. 16, 46; cf.:
societatem amicitiamque,
Sall. J. 83, 1.—Hence, conjunctus, a, um, P. a.
A.
(Acc. to I.) United, connected; hence, of places, bordering upon, near:
loca, quae Caesaris castris erant conjuncta,
Caes. B. C. 1, 64 init.; 2, 25; 3, 112:
Paphlagonia Cappadociae,
Nep. Dat. 5, 5:
regio Oceano,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46; 8, 31:
ratis crepidine saxi,
Verg. A. 10, 653.—
B.
Transf., of time, connected with, following:
quae proelio apud Arbela conjuncta sunt ordiar dicere,
Curt. 5, 1, 2.—
C.
Trop.
1.
In gen., connected with, pertaining to; accordant or agreeing with, conformable to, etc.; constr. with cum, the dat., or rar. the abl.:
prudentia cum justitiā,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 33; so,
nihil cum virtute,
id. ib. 1, 2, 5:
ea, quae sunt quasi conjuncta aut quae quasi pugnantia inter se,
id. Part. Or. 2, 7:
verba inter se (opp. simplicia),
id. Top. 7; id. de Or. 3, 37, 149;
(opp. singula),
Quint. 5, 10, 106; 7, 9, 2; 8, 1, 1:
causae (opp. simplices),
id. 3, 6, 94; 3, 10, 1:
justitia intellegentiae,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 34:
praecepta officii naturae,
id. ib. 1, 2, 6:
talis simulatio vanitati est conjunctior quam liberalitati,
id. ib. 1, 14, 44; id. de Or. 2, 81, 331:
libido scelere conjuncta,
id. Clu. 5, 12; id. Phil. 5, 7, 20: haec necesse est aut ex praeterito tempore aut ex conjuncto aut ex sequenti petere, i. e. the present, Quint. 5, 8, 5; cf. id. 5, 9, 5; 5, 10, 94; and id. 7, 2, 46:
conjuncta (et conveniens) constantia inter augures,
harmonious, accordant, Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82.—
b.
conjunctum, i, n. subst.
(α).
In rhet., connection, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 167; cf. id. ib. 2, 39, 166.—
(β).
A joint-sentence, = copulatum, sumpeplegmenon, Gell. 16, 8, 10.—
(γ).
In the physical lang. of Lucr., the necessary, inherent qualities of bodies (as weight, etc.), in contrast with eventum, merely external condition, Lucr. 1, 449 sq.—
2.
In partic.
a.
Connected by marriage, married:
digno viro,
Verg. E. 8, 32:
conservae,
Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 5.—
* b.
Transf., of the vine (cf. conjunx, I. 2.):
vitis ulmo marito,
Cat. 62, 54.—Far more freq.,
c.
Connected or united by relationship or friendship, allied, kindred, intimate, friendly (freq. in Cic.).
(α).
With abl.:
cum aliquo vinculis et propinquitatis et adfinitatis,
Cic. Planc. 11, 27:
cum populo Romano non solum perpetuā societate atque amicitiā, verum etiam cognatione,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72:
equites concordiā conjunctissimi,
id. Clu. 55, 152:
sanguine,
Sall. J. 10, 3; cf.:
Mario sanguine conjunctissimus,
Vell. 2, 41, 2:
propinquitatibus adfinitatibusque,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4; cf.:
propinquā cognatione, Nep. praef. § 7: homo conjunctissimus officiis, usu, consuetudine,
Cic. Sull. 20, 57; id. Cat. 1, 13, 33; id. de Or. 1, 7, 24; id. Att. 1, 16, 11; Nep. Att. 12, 1 al. —
(β).
With cum, etc.:
ubi tecum conjunctus siem,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 52: so,
genus cum diis,
Suet. Caes. 6.— Absol.:
conjunctus an alienus,
Quint. 7, 4, 21; Nep. Att. 7, 1; Curt. 6, 11, 10.—With dat.:
conjunctissimus huic ordini,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:
civitas populo Romano,
Caes. B. G. 7, 33:
conjunctior illo Nemo mihi est,
Ov. M. 15, 599; Curt. 7, 3, 25.—With inter:
inter se conjunctissimos fuisse Curium, Coruncanium,
Cic. Lael. 11, 39; id. Dom. 11, 27:
ut nosmet ipsi inter nos conjunctiores simus,
id. Att. 14, 13, B. 5.— conjunctē, adv. (rare; most freq. in Cic.).
1.
In connection, conjointly, at the same time:
conjuncte cum reliquis rebus nostra contexere,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 2:
conjuncte re verboque risus moveatur,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 248: elatum aliquid, i. e. hypothetically (opp. simpliciter, categorically), id. ib. 2, 38, 158;
3, 37, 149: agere,
id. Inv. 1, 7, 9.—
2.
In a friendly, confidential manner:
conjuncte vivere,
Nep. Att. 10, 3; so with vivere in the comp., Cic. Fam. 6, 9, 1; Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 4; and in sup., Cic. Lael. 1, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conjunctum
12 conjungo

con-jungo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to bind together, connect, join, unite (very freq. in all perr. and species of composition); constr. with cum, inter se, the dat., or the acc. only; trop. also with ad.
I.
Lit.
(α).
With cum:
eam epistulam cum hac,
Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 3:
animam cum animo,
Lucr. 3, 160:
naturam tenuem gravi cum corpore,
id. 5, 563.—
(β).
With inter se, Lucr. 3, 559; cf. id. 3, 137.—
(γ).
With dat.:
castra muro oppidoque,
Caes. B. C. 2, 25:
ita cursum regebat, ut primi conjungi ultimis possent,
Curt. 5, 13, 10:
conjunguntur his (porticibus) domus ampliores,
Vitr. 6, 7, 3:
dextrae dextram,
Ov. M. 8, 421:
aëra terris,
Lucr. 5, 564.—
(δ).
With the acc. only:
boves,
i. e. to yoke together, Cato, R. R. 138; cf.:
bis binos (equos),
Lucr. 5, 1299:
calamost plures ceră,
Verg. E. 2, 32:
dextras,
id. A. 1, 514:
nostras manus,
Tib. 1, 6, 60:
oras (vulneris) suturā,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
medium intervallum ponte,
Suet. Calig. 19:
supercilia conjuncta,
id. Aug. 79:
verba,
Quint. 8, 3, 36.—
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen.
(α).
With cum:
eas cohortes cum exercitu suo,
Caes. B. C. 1, 18:
quem ego cum deorum laude conjungo,
i. e. put on an equality with, Cic. Pis. 9, 20; id. Font. 10, 21; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 28:
imperii dedecus cum probro privato,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Red. Sen. 2, 4; id. Red. Quir. 7, 16; id. Brut. 31, 120:
judicium suum cum illius auctoritate,
Quint. 10, 3, 1:
voluptatem cum laude ac dignitate,
id. 8, pr. 33; 12, 2, 8; Cat. 64, 331.—
(β).
With ad (very rare), Quint. 4, 1, 16.—
(γ).
With dat.:
noctem diei,
Caes. B. C. 3, 13:
arma finitimis,
Liv. 8, 16, 2; 42, 47, 3:
se alicui,
Curt. 8, 13, 4:
laudem oratori,
Quint. 1, 10, 17; 5, 10, 51:
sequentia prioribus,
id. 11, 2, 20.—So of writings, to add:
pauca scribenda conjungendaque huic commentario statui,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 48.—
(δ).
With in and abl.:
cum in tui familiarissimi judicio ac periculo tuum crimen conjungeretur,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 2:
nefarium est... socium fallere qui se in negotio conjunxit,
id. Rosc. Com. 6, 17.—
(ε).
With in and acc.:
omnia vota in unum,
Petr. 86.—
(ζ).
With acc. only:
vocales,
to contract, Cic. Or. 44, 150; Quint. 12, 10, 30: bellum, to carry on or wage in concert, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26; Sil. 15, 52:
vires,
Val. Fl. 6, 632:
Galliae duae, quas hoc tempore uno imperio videmus esse conjunctas,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 2, 3:
aequum est enim militum, talium praesertim, honorem conjungi,
id. Phil. 14, 11, 29:
ne... tantae nationes conjungantur,
Caes. B. G. 3, 11:
hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,
Verg. A. 5, 712:
res... sicut inter se cohaerent tempore, ita opere ipso conjungi,
Curt. 5, 1, 2:
passus,
Ov. M. 11, 64:
abstinentiam cibi,
i. e. to continue without interruption, Tac. A. 6, 26;
in the same sense, consulatus,
Suet. Calig. 17; and:
rerum actum,
id. Claud. 23:
nox eadem necem Britannici et rogum conjunxit,
Tac. A. 13, 17. —
B.
In partic.
1.
To compose, form by uniting:
quod (Epicurus) e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est (i. e. Epicuri summum bonum),
Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 44 Madv. ad loc.—
2.
To unite, join in marriage or love:
me tecum,
Ov. H. 21, 247:
aliquam secum matrimonio,
Curt. 6, 9, 30:
aliquam sibi justo matrimonio,
Suet. Ner. 28; cf.:
aliquam sibi,
id. Calig. 26:
conjungi Poppaeae,
Tac. A. 14, 60; Cat. 64, 335:
conubia Sabinorum (Romulus),
to bring about, accomplish, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37.—
3.
To connect, unite by the ties of relationship or friendship:
se tecum affinitate,
Nep. Paus. 2, 3:
tota domus conjugio et stirpe conjungitur,
Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 65:
nos inter nos (res publica),
id. Fam. 5, 7, 2:
me tibi (studia),
id. ib. 15, 11, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 21:
multos sibi familiari amicitiā,
Sall. J. 7, 7:
Ausonios Teucris foedere,
Verg. A. 10, 105:
optimum quemque hospitio et amicitiā,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16:
amicitiam,
id. Clu. 16, 46; cf.:
societatem amicitiamque,
Sall. J. 83, 1.—Hence, conjunctus, a, um, P. a.
A.
(Acc. to I.) United, connected; hence, of places, bordering upon, near:
loca, quae Caesaris castris erant conjuncta,
Caes. B. C. 1, 64 init.; 2, 25; 3, 112:
Paphlagonia Cappadociae,
Nep. Dat. 5, 5:
regio Oceano,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46; 8, 31:
ratis crepidine saxi,
Verg. A. 10, 653.—
B.
Transf., of time, connected with, following:
quae proelio apud Arbela conjuncta sunt ordiar dicere,
Curt. 5, 1, 2.—
C.
Trop.
1.
In gen., connected with, pertaining to; accordant or agreeing with, conformable to, etc.; constr. with cum, the dat., or rar. the abl.:
prudentia cum justitiā,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 33; so,
nihil cum virtute,
id. ib. 1, 2, 5:
ea, quae sunt quasi conjuncta aut quae quasi pugnantia inter se,
id. Part. Or. 2, 7:
verba inter se (opp. simplicia),
id. Top. 7; id. de Or. 3, 37, 149;
(opp. singula),
Quint. 5, 10, 106; 7, 9, 2; 8, 1, 1:
causae (opp. simplices),
id. 3, 6, 94; 3, 10, 1:
justitia intellegentiae,
Cic. Off. 2, 9, 34:
praecepta officii naturae,
id. ib. 1, 2, 6:
talis simulatio vanitati est conjunctior quam liberalitati,
id. ib. 1, 14, 44; id. de Or. 2, 81, 331:
libido scelere conjuncta,
id. Clu. 5, 12; id. Phil. 5, 7, 20: haec necesse est aut ex praeterito tempore aut ex conjuncto aut ex sequenti petere, i. e. the present, Quint. 5, 8, 5; cf. id. 5, 9, 5; 5, 10, 94; and id. 7, 2, 46:
conjuncta (et conveniens) constantia inter augures,
harmonious, accordant, Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82.—
b.
conjunctum, i, n. subst.
(α).
In rhet., connection, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 167; cf. id. ib. 2, 39, 166.—
(β).
A joint-sentence, = copulatum, sumpeplegmenon, Gell. 16, 8, 10.—
(γ).
In the physical lang. of Lucr., the necessary, inherent qualities of bodies (as weight, etc.), in contrast with eventum, merely external condition, Lucr. 1, 449 sq.—
2.
In partic.
a.
Connected by marriage, married:
digno viro,
Verg. E. 8, 32:
conservae,
Varr. R. R. 1, 17, 5.—
* b.
Transf., of the vine (cf. conjunx, I. 2.):
vitis ulmo marito,
Cat. 62, 54.—Far more freq.,
c.
Connected or united by relationship or friendship, allied, kindred, intimate, friendly (freq. in Cic.).
(α).
With abl.:
cum aliquo vinculis et propinquitatis et adfinitatis,
Cic. Planc. 11, 27:
cum populo Romano non solum perpetuā societate atque amicitiā, verum etiam cognatione,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 72:
equites concordiā conjunctissimi,
id. Clu. 55, 152:
sanguine,
Sall. J. 10, 3; cf.:
Mario sanguine conjunctissimus,
Vell. 2, 41, 2:
propinquitatibus adfinitatibusque,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4; cf.:
propinquā cognatione, Nep. praef. § 7: homo conjunctissimus officiis, usu, consuetudine,
Cic. Sull. 20, 57; id. Cat. 1, 13, 33; id. de Or. 1, 7, 24; id. Att. 1, 16, 11; Nep. Att. 12, 1 al. —
(β).
With cum, etc.:
ubi tecum conjunctus siem,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 52: so,
genus cum diis,
Suet. Caes. 6.— Absol.:
conjunctus an alienus,
Quint. 7, 4, 21; Nep. Att. 7, 1; Curt. 6, 11, 10.—With dat.:
conjunctissimus huic ordini,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:
civitas populo Romano,
Caes. B. G. 7, 33:
conjunctior illo Nemo mihi est,
Ov. M. 15, 599; Curt. 7, 3, 25.—With inter:
inter se conjunctissimos fuisse Curium, Coruncanium,
Cic. Lael. 11, 39; id. Dom. 11, 27:
ut nosmet ipsi inter nos conjunctiores simus,
id. Att. 14, 13, B. 5.— conjunctē, adv. (rare; most freq. in Cic.).
1.
In connection, conjointly, at the same time:
conjuncte cum reliquis rebus nostra contexere,
Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 2:
conjuncte re verboque risus moveatur,
id. de Or. 2, 61, 248: elatum aliquid, i. e. hypothetically (opp. simpliciter, categorically), id. ib. 2, 38, 158;
3, 37, 149: agere,
id. Inv. 1, 7, 9.—
2.
In a friendly, confidential manner:
conjuncte vivere,
Nep. Att. 10, 3; so with vivere in the comp., Cic. Fam. 6, 9, 1; Plin. Ep. 6, 8, 4; and in sup., Cic. Lael. 1, 2.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conjungo
13 latus

1.
lātus, a, um, adj. [old Lat. stlātus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 313; Sanscr. root star-, strnāmi = sterno; Gr. stor- in stornumi, stratos; Lat. sterno, stratus, torus; cf. strāges, struo; not connected with platus, nor with 3. lātus = tlêtos], broad, wide.
I.
Lit.:
fossa,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:
mare,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 103:
via,
id. ib. 2, 4, 53, §
119: agri,
id. Rep. 5, 2, 3:
clavus,
Quint. 11, 3, 138 (v. clavus):
umeri,
Verg. A. 9, 725; cf.:
artus barbarorum,
Tac. A. 2, 21:
lati et lacertosi viri,
broad-shouldered, Col. 1, 9, 4; Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:
rana bove latior,
Phaedr. 1, 24, 5:
palus non latior pedibus quinquaginta,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19:
latissimum flumen,
id. ib. 2, 27:
latissimae solitudines,
id. ib. 6, 22:
comesse panem tris pedes latum,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 1, 8:
fossae quindecim pedes latae,
Caes. B. G. 7, 72:
areas latas pedum denum facito,
Col. 2, 10, 26:
populi,
Verg. A. 1, 225:
moenia lata videt,
id. ib. 6, 549:
latis otia fundis,
id. G. 2, 468: ne latos fines parare studeant. Caes. B. G. 6, 21:
ager,
Liv. 23, 46:
orbis,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 57:
terrae,
Ov. M. 2, 307:
lata Polyphemi acies,
wide eye, Juv. 9, 64.— Neutr. absol.:
crescere in latum,
to increase in width, widen, Ov. M. 1, 336.— Absol.:
per latum,
Vulg. Ezech. 46, 22:
in lato pedum centum,
Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26, 7.—
B.
Transf., poet., for proud, swelling (cf. Eng. vulg. spreading):
latus ut in circo spatiere,
that you may stalk along largely, proudly, Hor. S. 2, 3, 183:
lati incesserunt et cothurnati (histriones),
Sen. Ep. 76, 31. —
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen., broad, wide, wide-spread, extended (mostly post-Aug.):
vox,
Quint. 11, 3, 82; cf.:
verba,
pronounced broadly, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46:
gloria,
widespread, Plin. Ep. 4, 12, 7:
lato Murrus caligat in hoste,
Sil. 1, 499:
interpretatio,
broad, not strict, lenient, Dig. 22, 1, 1:
culpa,
great, ib. 50, 16, 213; 11, 6, 1 fin.:
fuga,
a kind of banishment, whereby all places are forbidden to the exile but one, ib. 48, 22, 5.—
B.
In partic., of style, diffuse, detailed, copious, prolix:
oratio Academicorum liberior et latior (opp. Stoicorum oratio astrictior et contractior),
Cic. Brut. 31, 120:
latum atque fusum,
Quint. 11, 3, 50:
latiore varioque tractatu,
id. 7, 3, 16:
latiore quadam comprehensione,
id. 2, 5, 14:
genus orandi latum et sonans,
Tac. H. 1, 90:
Aeschines his latior et audentior,
Quint. 12, 10, 23.— Hence, adv.: lātē, broadly, widely, extensively; with longe, on all sides, far and wide, everywhere.
1.
Lit.:
late longeque diffusus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34:
omnibus longe lateque aedificiis incensis,
Caes. B. G. 4, 35:
minus late vagari,
id. ib. 1, 2:
regnare,
Just. 13, 7:
populus late rex,
Verg. A. 1, 21; cf.:
diu Lateque victrix,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 23:
cladem inferre,
Tac. H. 3, 23.— Comp.:
latius demum operaest pretium ivisse,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156:
itaque latius quam caedebatur ruebat (murus),
Liv. 21, 11:
possidere (agros),
Ov. M. 5, 131:
metui,
Tac. A. 12, 43. — Sup.:
ager latissime continuatus,
Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 70:
quam latissime possint, ignes faciant,
Nep. Eum. 9, 3.—
2.
Trop.: ars late patet, widely. Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 235:
Phrygiae late refer primordia gentis,
Ov. H. 17, 57.— Comp.:
latius loquuntur rhetores, dialectici compressius,
Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: quod [p. 1042] pateat latius, of rather extensive application, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19:
latius perscribere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 17:
uti opibus,
more lavishly, Hor. S. 2, 2, 113.— Sup.:
fidei bonae nomen latissime manat,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:
latissime patere,
id. ib. 3, 17, 69.
2.
lătus, ĕris, n. [cf. Gr. platus; Lat. lăter, Latium, plautus or plotus], the side, flank of men or animals.
I.
Lit.:
ego vostra faciam latera lorea,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 2: quid conminatu's mihi? Con. Istud male factum arbitror, quia non latus fodi, id. Aul. 3, 2, 4:
occidisse ex equo dicitur, et latus offendisse vehementer,
Cic. Clu. 62, 175:
cujus latus ille mucro petebat,
id. Lig. 3, 9:
laterique accommodat ensem,
Verg. A. 2, 393; Quint. 2, 13, 12; 11, 3, 69; 118:
laterum inclinatione forti ac virili,
id. 1, 11, 18: vellere latus digitis, to twitch one by the side (in order to attract attention), Ov. A. A. 1, 606; cf.:
si tetigit latus acrior,
Juv. 7, 109:
tum latus ei dicenti condoluisse... dieque septimo est lateris dolore consumptus,
pleurisy, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6; so,
lateris dolor,
Cato, R. R. 125; Cels. 2, 7; 8; Plin. 21, 21, 89, § 155:
lateris vigili cum febre dolor,
Juv. 13, 229; cf.:
laterum dolor aut tussis,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 32: artifices lateris, i. e. those who make skilful side movements or evolutions, ballet-dancers, Ov. A. A. 3, 351:
latus tegere alicui,
to walk by the side of one, Hor. S. 2, 5, 18:
claudere alicui,
Juv. 3, 131; and:
mares inter se uxoresque contendunt, uter det latus illis (sc. pantomimis),
Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3.—Of animals:
equorum,
Lucr. 5, 1324:
cujus (equi aënei) in lateribus fores essent,
Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38.—
2.
Of orators, the lungs:
lateribus aut clamore contendere,
Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:
quae vox, quae latera, quae vires, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 67:
ut lateris conatus sit ille, non capitis,
Quint. 1, 11, 8; cf.:
lateris pectorisve firmitas an capitis etiam plus adjuvet,
id. 11, 3, 16; so id. 11, 3, 40:
dum vox ac latus praeparetur,
id. 10, 7, 2; 11, 3, 13:
voce, latere, firmitate (constat orator),
id. 12, 11, 2:
neque enim ex te umquam es nobilitatus, sed ex lateribus et lacertis tuis,
Cic. de Sen. 9, 27:
cum legem Voconiam voce magna et bonis lateribus suasissem,
id. ib. 5, 14:
illa adhuc audaciora et majorum, ut Cicero existimat, laterum,
Quint. 9, 1, 29.—
3.
Poet., in mal. part., Lucil. ap. Non. 260, 30; Ov. H. 2, 58; 19, 138; Prop. 2, 2, 12:
lateri parcere,
Juv. 6, 37.—
B.
Transf., in gen.
1.
The side, flank, lateral surface of a thing (opp. frons and tergum;
v. h. vv.): collis ex utraque parte lateris dejectus habebat et in frontem leniter fastigatus paulatim ad planiciem redibat,
on each side, Caes. B. G. 2, 8; cf. Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202:
terra angusta verticibus, lateribus latior,
Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:
latus unum castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 5:
insula, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,
id. ib. 5, 13:
et (Fibrenus) divisus aequaliter in duas partis latera haec (insulae) adluit,
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6.—Of a maritime country, the coast, seaboard:
Illyricum,
Juv. 8, 117:
castelli,
Sall. J. 93:
tum prora avertit et undis Dat latus,
the ship's side, Verg. A. 1, 105:
ubi pulsarunt acres latera ardua fluctus,
Ov. M. 11, 529:
nudum remigio,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 4; id. Epod. 10, 3:
dextrum (domus),
id. Ep. 1, 16, 6:
mundi,
id. C. 1, 22, 19:
crystallus sexangulis nascitur lateribus,
surfaces, Plin. 37, 2, 9, § 26.—Of an army, the flank, Tac. Agr. 35:
reliquos equites ad latera disponit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7:
ex itinere nostros latere aperto aggressi,
id. ib. 1, 25; cf. id. ib. 2, 23 fin.:
ad latus apertum hostium constitui,
id. ib. 4, 25:
ne simul in frontem, simul in latera, pugnaretur,
Tac. Agr. 35.—So in fighting: latus dare, to expose one's side or flank to the adversary, Val. Fl. 4, 304 (v. II. A. infra).—
b.
Esp. freq.: a (ab) latere, on or at the side or flank; a or ab lateribus, on or at the sides or flanks (opp. a fronte, in front, before, and a tergo, at the back, behind):
a tergo, a fronte, a lateribus tenebitur,
Cic. Phil. 3, 13, 32:
a fronte atque ab utroque latere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; id. B. G. 2, 25:
ab omni latere securus,
Amm. 16, 9, 3:
ab latere aggredi,
Liv. 27, 48:
disjectos ab tergo aut lateribus circumveniebant,
Sall. J. 50 fin.:
ne quis inermibus militibus ab latere impetus fieri posset,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Sulla profligatis iis, quos advorsum ierat, rediens ab latere Mauris incurrit,
Sall. J. 101, 8: si ex hac causa unda prorumperet, a lateribus undae circumfunderentur, Sen. Q. N. 6, 6, 4:
a lateribus, a fronte, quasi tria maria prospectat,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 5.—
c.
Less freq. with ex:
latere ex utroque,
Lucr. 2, 1049:
ex lateribus aggredi aliquem,
Sall. C. 60:
tribus ex lateribus (locus) tegebatur,
Hirt. B. Alex. 28, 4:
ex alio latere cubiculum est politissimum,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10:
omni ex latere armorum molibus urgeri,
Amm. 19, 7, 7.—
d.
With de:
de latere ire,
Lucr. 6, 117.—Without prep.:
alio latere,
Tac. A. 3, 74.—
2.
Poet. (pars pro toto), the body:
penna latus vestit, tenet,
Ov. M. 2, 376:
nunc latus in fulvis niveum deponit harenis,
id. ib. 2, 865; cf. id. ib. 3, 23;
14, 710: forte,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 26:
fessum longā militiā,
id. C. 2, 7, 18:
credidit tauro latus,
id. ib. 3, 27, 26:
liminis aut aquae Caelestis patiens latus,
id. ib. 3, 10, 20.—
II.
Trop.
A.
In gen.: in latera atque in terga incurrere, to attack the sides, i. e. the unguarded points, Quint. 9, 1, 20:
aliena negotia centum Per caput et circa saliunt latus,
encompass on every side, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34:
ut a sems latere numquam discederem,
never left his side, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf.: aliquem lateri alicujus adjungere, to attach to his side, i. e. to give him for a companion, Quint. 1, 2, 5; so,
alicui latus dare, of a client,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3 (cf. B. 1. infra):
lateri adhaerere gravem dominum,
hung about them, threatened them, Liv. 39, 25:
Illyriorum rex, lateri ejus haerens, assiduis precibus promissa exigebat,
Just. 29, 4, 8; cf.:
Agathocles regis lateri junctus, civitatem regebat,
id. 30, 2, 5:
circumfusa turba lateri meo,
Liv. 6, 15.—Esp.:
sacpe dabis nudum latus,
expose, Tib. 1, 4, 52:
la. tus imperii nudum,
Flor. 3, 5, 4:
nec adulatoribus latus praebeas,
expose yourself, lay yourself open to, Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.: latere tecto abscedere, i. e safe, unharmed, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 5:
hic fugit omnes Insidias nullique malo latus obdit apertum,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 59:
ex uno latere constat contractus,
on one side, Dig. 19, 1, 13 fin.; so ib. 3, 5, 5:
nulla ex utroque latere nascitur actio,
ib. 3, 5, 6, § 4.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To express intimacy, attachment:
latus alicui cingere,
to cling to, Liv. 32, 39, 8; esp. in the phrase: ab latere, at the side of, i. e. in intimate association with (rare, and perh. not ante-Aug.):
ab latere tyranni: addit eos ab latere tyranni,
Liv. 24, 5, 13; Curt. 3, 5, 15; cf.:
ille tuum, Castrice, dulce latus,
your constant associate, Mart. 6, 68, 4.—
2.
Relationship, kindred, esp. collateral relationship (post-Aug.):
quibus (liberis) videor a meo tuoque latere pronum ad honores iter relicturus,
Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:
sunt et ex lateribus cognati ut fratres sororesque,
Dig. 38, 10, 10, § 8:
ex latere uxorem ducere,
ib. 23, 2, 68:
latus omne divinae domus,
Stat. S. 5 praef.: omnes personae cognatorum aut supra numerantur, aut infra, aut ex transverso, sive a latere... a latere, fratres et sorores, liberique eorum; item parentium fratres et sorores liberique eorum, (Ulp.) de Grad. Cogn. 2 ap. Huschke, Jurisp. Antejust. p. 530.
3.
lātus, a, um, Part., v. fero.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > latus
14 propinquitas

prŏpinquĭtas, ātis, f. [propinquus], nearness, vicinity, proximity, propinquity (class.).
I.
Lit., of place:
ex longinquitate, propinquitate,
Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 38:
hostium,
Caes. B. G. 2, 20:
loci,
id. ib. 7, 19:
ex propinquitate pugnare,
from a short distance, close at hand, id. ib. 2, 31:
nimis imminebat propter propinquitatem Aegina Piraeo,
Cic. Off. 3, 11, 46; id. Phil. 3, 6, 15.— In plur.:
silvarum ac fluminum petunt propinquitates,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29.—
II.
Trop.
A.
Relationship, affinity, propinquity:
si pietate propinquitas colitur,
Cic. Quint. 6, 26:
vinculis propinquitatis conjunctus,
id. Planc. 11, 27:
nobilis propinquitas,
Nep. Dion, 1, 2:
arcta,
near relationship, Plin. Ep. 4, 4, 1:
jus propinquitatis,
Vulg. Ruth, 3, 13; Tac. G. 7.— Plur.:
si propinquitates summo bono non contineantur,
Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69.—
B.
Intimacy, friendship (anteclass.):
ad probos propinquitate se adjungere,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59.—
C.
Concr., a kinsman (late Lat.):
in propinquitatis perniciem inclinatior,
Amm. 14, 11, 7 al.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propinquitas
15 propior

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propior
16 propiora

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propiora
17 proximi

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proximi
18 proximum

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proximum
19 adfīnitās (aff-)

adfīnitās (aff-) ātis, f [adfinis], relationship by marriage: inter nos, T.: in affinitatem alcuius pervenire, N.: adfinitatibus coniuncti, Cs.

Latin-English dictionary > adfīnitās (aff-)
20 cōgnātus

cōgnātus adj. [com- + GEN-], sprung from the same stock, related by blood, kindred: mihi: patres, the relationship of our fathers, V.: per cognata corpora supplex, as a kinsman, O.: anguilla cognata colubrae, Iu.—Of a kinsman, of kindred: latus, O.: pectora, O.: urbes, V.: sanguis, V.: caelum, O.: faba Pythagorae (alluding to the doctrine of transmigration), H. — Fig., kindred, congenial, related, connected, like, similar: alqd mentibus nostris: vocabula, H.
* * *
I
cognata, cognatum ADJ

related, related by birth/position, kindred; similar/akin; having affinity with
II
cognati N M

relation (male), kinsman

cognatusi regis -- contingent of Persian king's bodyguard

Latin-English dictionary > cōgnātus

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