quaking

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ex-cĭo, īvi or ii, itum (long and short equally freq.; cf. excĭtus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40; Lucr. 4, 1207; Cat. 61, 11; 63, 42; 64, 56; Verg. A. 4, 301; 7, 376; 12, 445; Ov. M. 2, 779 al.:

excītus,

Lucr. 4, 1215; Verg. A. 3, 675; 7, 642; 10, 38; Ov. M. 8, 338; 11, 384; Sil. 7, 635; Luc. 1, 239 al.;

also acc. to cieo, ēre: excies,

Att. Trag. 300 (Rib. Trag. Fragm. p. 175):

exciet,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 1; inf. exciere, Liv. 7, 11, 11; imperf. excibat, id. 32, 13:

excibant,

Sil. 9, 182), 4, v. a., to call out or forth, to bring out: exciet, excutiet, Paul. ex Fest. p. 80, 4 Müll. (freq. in the ante-class. and post-Aug. periods; perhaps not in Cic., for in Phil. 12, 7, 16, the better reading is excussimus; v. excutio;

and for excita,

Cic. Mur. 17 fin. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 80, both the MSS. and editions of Cic. have excitata).

Lit.:

auxilia e Germania Britanniaque excivit segniter,

Tac. H. 2, 97:

consulem ab urbe,

Liv. 3, 2:

homines sedibus,

id. 32, 13:

sellularii exciti (ad militiam) dicuntur,

id. 8, 20 init.:

animas imis sepulcris,

Verg. E. 8, 98:

suem latebris,

Ov. M. 10, 711:

Urgulaniam domo principis,

Tac. A. 4, 21:

quid est quod me excivisti ante aedes?

Plaut. Ep. 4, 2, 1; so,

aliquem foras,

id. Trin. 5, 2, 52:

hostem ad dimicandum acie,

Liv. 2, 30:

Volscos ad expugnandam secum Ardeam,

id. 4, 9, 11:

auxilia,

id. 45, 4, 3:

juventutem Celtiberorum,

id. 28, 24, 4; cf.:

in pugnam,

Luc. 6, 12:

in arma,

Stat. Th. 4, 146:

in proelia,

Luc. 7, 361:

principibus coloniae Romam excitis,

Liv. 3, 4, 5.— Absol.:

exciente buccina Tritone,

Suet. Claud. 21 fin. —

Transf., of inanim. and abstr. objects, to bring out or forth; to call forth, produce:

semina per artus,

Lucr. 4, 1215:

lacrimas alicui,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 114; Tac. A. 11, 2:

crepitum,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 16:

sonitum pedibus,

Lucr. 2, 327:

molem (i. e. tempestatem) in undis,

Verg. A. 5, 790:

vim morbi,

Lucr. 4, 665 et saep.—

Trop.

To rouse, excite; to frighten, terrify any one:

sopore,

Lucr. 4, 37; cf.: excita anus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 36 ed. Vahl.); cf.

also: clamor subito ortus dictatorem quoque ex somno excivit,

Liv. 4, 27, 6:

somno excitus,

Sall. J. 72 fin.:

Mauri atque Gaetuli, ignoto et horribili sonitu repente exciti,

id. ib. 99, 2:

inter cetera, quae ad exciendum in Graeciam Antiochum dicere est solitus,

Liv. 36, 7:

excivit ea caedes Bructeros, etc.,

Tac. A. 1, 51:

qualis commotis excita sacris Thyias,

Verg. A. 4, 301; esp. freq. in the part. perf.; see the passages quoted init.; cf. also: (juventus) privatis atque publicis largitionibus excita, Sall. C. 37, 7:

ita conscientia mentem excitam vastabat,

id. ib. 15, 4:

Evander concursu pastorum, excitus,

Liv. 1, 7, 9:

Britanni omnium civitatium vires exciverant,

Tac. Agr. 29.— Poet.:

pulsuque pedum tremit excita tellus,

frightened, quaking, Verg. A. 7, 722; 12, 445.—

To stir up, excite any passion (very rare):

terrorem,

Liv. 10, 4; cf.

tumultum,

id. 3, 39; 7, 11 fin.

horror, ōris, m. [horreo], a standing on end, standing erect, bristling.

Lit. (only poet. and very rare):

comarum,

Luc. 5, 154; Val. Fl. 1, 229:

pontus non horrore tremit,

i. e. was not ruffled, agitated, Luc. 5, 446; cf.:

montes horrore nivali semper obducti,

Amm. 15, 10, 1.—

Trop., roughness, rudeness of speech:

veterem illum horrorem malim quam istam novam licentiam,

Quint. 8, 5, 34.—

Transf. (cf. horreo, II.).

A shaking, trembling.

In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

tremulo ramos horrore moveri,

Ov. M. 9, 345:

horror soli,

Flor. 2, 6.—

In partic.

A shaking, shivering, chill, coldfit, ague-fit (class.):

mihi frigidus horror Membra quatit,

Verg. A. 3, 29; cf. Val. Fl. 7, 563:

frigus voco ubi extremae partes membrorum inalgescunt: horrorem, ubi totum corpus intremit,

Cels. 3, 3:

Atticam doleo tam diu: sed quoniam jam sine horrore est, spero esse ut volumus,

Cic. Att. 12, 6 fin.:

horrorem tertianae et quartanae minuere,

Plin. 22, 25, 72, § 150.—

A shaking, shuddering, quaking, trembling with fright; dread, terror, horror (class.):

est ea frigida multa, comes formidinis, aura, quae ciet horrorem membris et concitat artus,

Lucr. 3, 291:

ea res me horrore afficit,

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf. id. ib. 66:

di immortales, qui me horror perfudit! quam sum sollicitus, quidnam futurum sit!

Cic. Att. 8, 6, 3:

me luridus occupat horror Spectantem vultus etiamnum caede madentes,

Ov. M. 14, 198:

frigidus artus, Dum loquor, horror habet,

id. ib. 9, 291:

spectare in eadem harena feras horror est,

Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 4.—

A shaking or trembling with joy:

laetus per artus horror iit,

Stat. Th. 1, 494; cf.:

me quaedam divina voluptas percipit atque horror,

Lucr. 3, 29 sq. —

Dread, veneration, religious awe:

hic numinis ingens horror,

Val. Fl. 2, 433:

arboribus suus horror inest,

Luc. 3, 411:

animos horrore imbuere,

Liv. 39, 8, 4:

perfusus horrore venerabundusque,

id. 1, 16, 6. —

That which causes dread, a terror, horror ( poet.):

serrae stridentis,

Lucr. 2, 411:

validi ferri natura et frigidus horror,

id. 6, 1011:

Scipiadas, belli fulmen, Carthaginis horror,

id. 3, 1034;

imitated by Sil.: jacet campis Carthaginis horror,

Sil. 15, 340.

păvĭdus, a, um, adj. [paveo], trembling, quaking, fearful, terrified, alarmed, timid, timorous (perhaps not in Cic.).

Lit.:

timida atque pavida,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 49; Lucr. 5, 973:

castris se pavidus tenebat,

Liv. 3, 26:

matres,

Verg. A. 2, 489:

miles,

Tac. A. 2, 23:

pavidus semper atque anxius,

Suet. Dom. 4:

lepus,

Hor. Epod. 2, 35:

aves,

Ov. F. 1, 400:

pavida ex somno mulier,

startled out of her sleep, Liv. 1, 58, 3:

ad omnes suspiciones pavidus,

Tac. H. 2, 68:

oppidani pavidi, ne jam facta in urbem via esset, fossam ducere instituunt,

Liv. 37, 7, 7.— Comp.: quos pavidiores accepimus, Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 144.— Sup.:

intra mens pavidissima,

Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 27; Sil. 10, 65.—

With gen.:

nandi pavidus,

Tac. H. 4, 14:

offensionum non pavidus,

id. A. 4, 38:

maris,

Luc. 8, 811:

lucis,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 293:

leti,

id. ib. 1076.—

With inf. ( poet.):

Carthalo non pavidus fetas mulcere leaenas,

Sil. 1, 406.—

In neutr. adverbially:

pavidum blandita,

with fear, timorously, Ov. M. 9, 568.—

Transf.

Accompanied with fear or anxiety, anxious, disturbed:

pavidum murmur,

Luc. 5, 255:

furtum,

id. 2, 168:

fuga,

Sil. 13, 133:

quies pavida imaginibus,

Suet. Calig. 50. —

That produces fear, fearful, terrible, dreadful:

metus,

Ov. F. 1, 16:

lucus,

Stat. Th. 5, 567.— Adv.: păvĭdē, with fear, fearfully, timorously (rare):

timefactae religiones effugiunt animo pavide,

Lucr. 2, 45:

fugere,

Liv. 5, 39:

dicere,

Quint. 11, 3, 49.

păvor (old nom. pavos, Naev. ap. Non. 487, 8; Fragm. Trag. 45 Rib.; Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155; Fragm. Trag. v. 82 Rib.; B. and K. read pavor), ōris, m. [paveo], a trembling, quaking, throbbing, panting with fear, desire, joy, etc., anxiety, fear, dread, alarm, etc. (perh. not used by Cic.; syn.: metus, timor, tremor): pavorem, metum mentem loco moventem;

ex quo illud Enni: tum pavor sapientiam omnem mi exanimato expectorat,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19 (this verse of Ennius is also cited in Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 154; cf. also Enn. p. 96 Vahl., and Trag. Rel. p. 17 Rib.):

hic exsultat enim pavor ac metus,

Lucr. 3, 141; Hirt. B. G. 8, 13, 3:

tantus terror pavorque omnes occupavit, ut, etc.,

Liv. 24, 20:

pavor ceperat milites ne, etc.,

id. 24, 42:

pavorem inicere,

id. 28, 3:

incutere,

id. 27, 42; Verg. G. 1, 331:

pavorem deponere,

Ov. M. 10, 117:

pellere,

Luc. 7, 732:

lenire,

Sil. 8, 77.—Of expectant or joyful trembling:

cum spes arrectae juvenum, exsultantiaque haurit Corda pavor pulsans,

Verg. G. 3, 106; id. A. 5, 138:

laeto pavore proditus,

Sil. 16, 432.—Of religious fear, awe, Sil. 3, 691:

pavor aquae,

dread of water, hydrophobia, Plin. 25, 2, 6, § 17; 29, 5, 32, § 98 (in Cels. 5, 27, 2, aquae timor; Gr. hudrophobia).—

Plur.:

venia est tantorum danda pavorum,

Luc. 1, 521; Val. Fl. 7, 147:

contra formidines pavoresque,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 115:

repentini,

id. 32, 10, 48, § 137:

nocturni,

id. 28, 8, 27, § 98; Tac. H. 4, 38; 2, 76.—

Păvor, personified, the god of fear, Liv. 1, 27; Lact. 1, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 799; v. pallor fin.—His priests are called Pavorii, Serv. Verg. A. 8, 285.

păvor (old nom. pavos, Naev. ap. Non. 487, 8; Fragm. Trag. 45 Rib.; Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155; Fragm. Trag. v. 82 Rib.; B. and K. read pavor), ōris, m. [paveo], a trembling, quaking, throbbing, panting with fear, desire, joy, etc., anxiety, fear, dread, alarm, etc. (perh. not used by Cic.; syn.: metus, timor, tremor): pavorem, metum mentem loco moventem;

ex quo illud Enni: tum pavor sapientiam omnem mi exanimato expectorat,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19 (this verse of Ennius is also cited in Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 154; cf. also Enn. p. 96 Vahl., and Trag. Rel. p. 17 Rib.):

hic exsultat enim pavor ac metus,

Lucr. 3, 141; Hirt. B. G. 8, 13, 3:

tantus terror pavorque omnes occupavit, ut, etc.,

Liv. 24, 20:

pavor ceperat milites ne, etc.,

id. 24, 42:

pavorem inicere,

id. 28, 3:

incutere,

id. 27, 42; Verg. G. 1, 331:

pavorem deponere,

Ov. M. 10, 117:

pellere,

Luc. 7, 732:

lenire,

Sil. 8, 77.—Of expectant or joyful trembling:

cum spes arrectae juvenum, exsultantiaque haurit Corda pavor pulsans,

Verg. G. 3, 106; id. A. 5, 138:

laeto pavore proditus,

Sil. 16, 432.—Of religious fear, awe, Sil. 3, 691:

pavor aquae,

dread of water, hydrophobia, Plin. 25, 2, 6, § 17; 29, 5, 32, § 98 (in Cels. 5, 27, 2, aquae timor; Gr. hudrophobia).—

Plur.:

venia est tantorum danda pavorum,

Luc. 1, 521; Val. Fl. 7, 147:

contra formidines pavoresque,

Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 115:

repentini,

id. 32, 10, 48, § 137:

nocturni,

id. 28, 8, 27, § 98; Tac. H. 4, 38; 2, 76.—

Păvor, personified, the god of fear, Liv. 1, 27; Lact. 1, 20; Val. Fl. 1, 799; v. pallor fin.—His priests are called Pavorii, Serv. Verg. A. 8, 285.

trĕmor, ōris, m. [tremo], a shaking, quaking, quivering, trembling, tremor.

Lit.

In gen. (class.; cf. trepidatio);

terrorem pallor et tremor consequitur,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19; cf id. Ac. 2, 15, 48:

quo tremore et pallore dixit!

id. Fl. 4, 10:

omnia corusca prae tremore fabulor,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 42:

gelidusque per ima cucurrit Ossa tremor,

Verg. A. 2, 121:

subitus tremor occupat artus,

id. ib. 7, 446;

Ov M. 3, 40: donec manibus tremor incidat unctis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 23:

tota tremor pertemptet equorum Corpora, Verg G 3, 250: errat per artus,

Sen. Herc Oet. 706. — Plur., Plin. 24, 7, 24, § 40.—Personified:

Frigus iners illic habitant Pallorque Tremorque,

Ov. M. 8, 790.—

Of inanim. things:

dum tremor (ignium) est clarus,

Lucr. 5, 587. —

In partic., an earthquake:

tremor terras graviter pertentat,

Lucr. 6, 287; 6, 577; Claud. ap. Eutr. 2, 27.—In plur., Lucr. 6, 547; Ov. M. 6, 699; 15, 271; 15, 798; Luc. 7, 414; cf. Sen. Q. N. 6, 21, 3; Plin. 36, 10, 15, § 73.—

Transf., act., like terror, of that which causes trembling, fear, etc., a dread, terror (very rare):

(Cacus) silvarum tremor,

Mart. 5, 65, 5; cf. id. 5, 24, 4:

ponti,

Petr. 123.

trĕmŭlus, a, um, adj. [tremo].

Lit., shaking, quaking, quivering, trembling, tremulous ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

anus,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 3; cf.:

incurvus, tremulus, labiis demissis, gemens,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 45:

manus annisque metuque,

Ov. M. 10, 414; so,

anni,

Prop. 4 (5), 7, 73:

tempus,

Cat. 61, 161:

passus (senilis hiemis),

Ov. M. 15, 212:

artus,

Lucr. 3, 7:

manus,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 142:

guttur, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 8, 14: ut mare fit tremulum, tenui cum stringitur aura,

Ov. H. 11, 75:

harundo,

id. M. 11, 190:

canna,

id. ib. 6, 326:

cupressus,

Petr. 131: flamma, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 110; Verg. E. 8, 105; cf.:

jubar ignis,

Lucr. 5, 696:

ignes,

id. 4, 405:

lumen,

Verg. A. 8, 22:

motus,

Lucr. 3, 301:

horror,

Prop. 1, 5, 15:

lorum,

Luc. 4, 444:

colores,

Claud. in Ruf. 2, 356:

equi,

i.e. restless, spirited, Nemes. Cyn. 256 (cf. Verg. G. 3, 84 and 250).— Subst.: sacopenium sanat vertigines, tremulos, opisthotonicos, i.e. shaking or trembling in the joints, Plin. 20, 18, 75, § 197; 20, 9, 34, § 85; 23, 4, 47, § 92.—In neutr., adverb.:

(puella) tam tremulum crissat,

tremblingly, Mart. 14, 203, 1. —

Transf., act., that causes one to shake or shiver:

frigus,

Cic. Arat. 68.—

* Adv.: trĕmŭlē, tremblingly, App. M. 5, p. 168, 28.