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61 zu
Präp. (+ Dat)1. räumlich, Richtung: to, toward(s); bis zu up to; zu jemandem gehen go and ( oder to) see s.o.; zu Tal fahren, gleiten etc.: downhill; Boden 2, Kopf 2 etc.2. räumlich, Lage: at, in; zu Berlin in ( amtlich: at) Berlin; der Dom zu Köln Cologne Cathedral; zu ebener Erde at ground level; zu jemandes Füßen at s.o.’s feet; zu Hause at home; zu beiden Seiten des Rheins on both sides of the Rhine; zu Wasser und zu Lande on land and at sea; Gasthof zu den drei Eichen the Three Oaktrees (Inn)3. zeitlich, Zeitpunkt: at; Zeitraum: over; Anlass: for; noch zehn Minuten ( bis) zu... another ten minutes before...; zu Beginn at the beginning; zu Weihnachten at Christmas; schenken etc.: for Christmas; Lebzeiten4. (für) Zweck, Ziel: for; zu etw. gut sein be good for s.th.; Stoff zu einem Kleid material for a dress5. Ergebnis ausdrückend: (in)to; es kam zu einem Skandal it blew up into a scandal, a scandal resulted; zu Asche verbrennen burn to ashes; zu etw. werden turn into s.th.; Person: auch become s.th.; zu meiner Freude / Überraschung to my delight / surprise6. Beziehung ausdrückend: for; thematisch: about, on; sich äußern zu say s.th. about; gehören zu belong to; gemein / nett zu nasty / nice to; passen zu suit; der Schlüssel zur Gartentür the key to the garden door; Liebe / Zuneigung zu jemandem love / affection for s.o.; aus Freundschaft zu ihr out of friendship for her7. Zusammensein: (mit) with; (hinzu) to; sich zu jemandem setzen sit with s.o., join s.o., sit (down) next to s.o.; Brot zum Ei essen have bread with one’s egg; Zucker zum Kaffee nehmen take sugar in one’s coffee; zu alledem kommt noch hinzu, dass... and on top of all that...9. Menge, Zahl, Häufigkeit, Verhältnis etc.: in; nur zu einem kleinen Teil only to a small extent; ein Potenzial, das nur zu einem kleinen Teil genutzt wird a potential only a small part of which is actually used; zu zweit nebeneinander gehen walk along two by two; sie kamen zu sechst six of them came; zu hunderten oder Hunderten in hundreds; es ist zu 20% / einem Viertel falsch 20% / a quarter of it is incorrect; ein Fass zu 50 Litern a 50-lit|re (Am. -er) barrel; zehn Karten zu zwei Euro (а, je) ten tickets at two euros (a ticket); insgesamt: ten tickets for two euros—Adv.1. (übermäßig) too; zu sehr too much; zu sehr betonen overemphasize; das Loch ist zu groß, als dass man es noch flicken könnte the hole is too big to be mended; ( viel) zu viel / viele (far oder much) too much / many; einer etc. zu viel one etc. too many; einmal zu viel once too often; ein gutes Gehalt wäre zu viel gesagt a good salary would be a bit of an overstatement; ich krieg zu viel! umg. well blow me down!; was zu viel ist, ist zu viel! enough is enough!; zu wenig not enough, too little (Pl. few); viel zu wenig not nearly enough, far too little (Pl. few); einer etc. zu wenig one etc. short, one etc. too few; du isst zu wenig you don’t eat enough, you need to eat more2. umg. (sehr) too, so, terribly; zu niedlich! how terribly sweet!; das ist ja zu nett! (sehr nett) that’s really very nice!; iro. (sehr gemein) how terribly nice (of you)!; (sehr ärgerlich) a fine thing, I must say!3. umg.: immer oder nur zu! go on!; na, dann ( mal) zu! OK, go ahead; beim Aufbruch: OK, let’s go, off we (bzw. you) go then—I Adj. umg.II Adv. (Ggs. offen) closed, shut; Augen zu! close your eyes; Tür zu! shut the door!—Konj.1. (+ Inf.): ich habe zu arbeiten I’ve got work to do; es ist nicht zu übersehen it can’t be overlooked; gut zu gebrauchen sein be perfectly usable; ich erinnere mich, ihn gesehen zu haben I remember seeing him; auch im Wort: auszuhalten sein be bearable2. (+ Part. Präs.): ein sorgfältig zu erwägender Plan a plan requiring careful consideration; auch im Wort: die auszuwechselnden Fahrzeugteile the parts to be exchanged* * *at (Präp.); on (Präp.); upon (Präp.); too (Adv.); to (Präp.); unto (Präp.); for (Präp.); into (Präp.);(geschlossen) closed (Adj.)* * *[tsuː]1. PRÄPOSITION (+dat)1) örtlich: Richtung, Ziel tozur Stadtmitte gehen — to go to the town centre (Brit) or center (US)
zum Bäcker/Arzt gehen — to go to the baker's/doctor's
zum Militär gehen, zu den Soldaten gehen — to join the army, to join up
zu jdm/etw hinaufsehen — to look up at sb/sth
zu jdm herübersehen/hinübersehen — to look across at sb
zum Fenster herein/hinaus — in (at)/out of the window
zur Tür hinaus/herein — out of/in the door
2) örtlich: Lage bei Stadt inzu Frankfurt (old) — in Frankfurt
der Dom zu Köln — the cathedral in Cologne, Cologne cathedral
zu seiner Linken saß... (geh) — on his left sat...
3) zeitlich atzu früher/später Stunde — at an early/late hour
(bis) zum 15. April/Donnerstag/Abend — until 15th April/Thursday/(this) evening
die Zahlung ist zum 15. April fällig — the payment is due on 15th April
zum 31. Mai kündigen — to give in (Brit) or turn in (US) one's notice for 31st May
4)Zusammengehörigkeit, Begleitung, Zusatz
Wein zum Essen trinken — to drink wine with one's mealzur Gitarre singen — to sing to (Brit) or with (US) a/the guitar
Vorwort/Anmerkungen zu etw — preface/notes to sth
zu dem kommt noch, dass ich... — on top of that I...
5) Zweck, Bestimmung forPapier zum Schreiben — paper to write on, writing paper
zur Einführung... — by way of (an) introduction...
zu seiner Entschuldigung muss man sagen... — in his defence (Brit) or defense (US) one must say...
zu seiner Entschuldigung sagte er... — by way of apology he said...
zu nichts taugen, zu nichts zu gebrauchen sein — to be no use to anyone (inf)
6)etw zum Geburtstag/zu Weihnachten bekommen — to get sth for one's birthday/for Christmaszu Ihrem 60. Geburtstag — on your 60th birthday
zu dieser Frage möchte ich Folgendes sagen — my reply to this question is as follows, on this I would like to say the following
"Zum Realismusbegriff" — "On the Concept of Realism"
7)Folge, Umstand
zu seinem Besten — for his own goodzu meiner Schande/Freude etc — to my shame/joy etc
es ist zum Weinen — it's enough to make you cry, it makes you want to cry
8)Mittel, Art und Weise
zu Fuß/Pferd — on foot/horseback9) Veränderung intozu etw werden — to turn into sth; (Mensch auch) to become sth
jdn/etw zu etw machen — to make sb/sth (into) sth
10) = als aser machte sie zu seiner Frau, er nahm sie zur Frau — he made her his wife
11)Verhältnis, Beziehung
Liebe zu jdm — love for sbVertrauen zu jdm/etw — trust in sb/sth
12)im Vergleich zu — in comparison with, compared with3:2 — the score is 3-2 or (gesprochen) three-two
See:13)wir verkaufen die Gläser jetzt das Stück zu 99 Cent — we're selling the glasses now at or for 99 cents each
zum Ersten..., zum Zweiten... (Aufzählung) — first..., second...
zum Ersten, zum Zweiten, zum Dritten (bei Auktion) — for the first time, for the second time, for the third time
See:→ vier, bis14)zu wem wollen Sie? — who do you want?zu wem sprechen Sie morgen bei der Konferenz? — who will you be speaking to or who will you be addressing at the conference tomorrow?
15)der Graf zu Ehrenstein — the Count of Ehrenstein16)getrenntes "dazu" inf
da komme ich nicht zu — I can't get (a)round to itSee:→ dazu17)zum Beispiel — for examplezum Lobe von jdm/etw — in praise of sb/sth
zur Beurteilung/Einsicht — for inspection
zur Probe/Ansicht — on trial/approval
2. ADVERB1) = allzu toosie liebte ihn zu sehr, als dass sie ihn verraten hätte — she loved him too much to betray him
2) = geschlossen shut, closedauf/zu (an Hähnen etc) — on/off
Tür zu! (inf) — shut the door
3)= los, weiter inf
dann mal zu! — right, off we go!du wolltest mir was vorsingen, dann mal zu — you wanted to sing me something? OK, go ahead
ihr seid auf dem richtigen Wege, nur zu! — you're on the right track, just keep going
schreie nur zu, es hilft doch nichts! — scream then, but it won't do any good!
lauft schon zu, ich komme nach — you go on, I'll catch you up
4) örtlich toward(s)See:→ ab3. ADJEKTIV(= geschlossen inf) Tür, Geschäft, Kiste etc shut; Kleid, Verschluss done upSee:→ zu sein4. BINDEWORT1) mit Infinitiv tojdm befehlen or den Auftrag erteilen, etw zu tun — to order sb to do sth
das Material ist noch/nicht mehr zu gebrauchen — the material is still/is no longer usable
ich habe noch zu arbeiten — I have still got (esp Brit) or I still have some work to do
ich komme, um mich zu verabschieden — I've come to say goodbye
2)noch zu bezahlende Rechnungen — outstanding billsdas sind alles nur winzige, leicht zu übersehende Punkte — these are just small points that can easily be overlooked
der zu prüfende Kandidat, der zu Prüfende — the candidate to be examined
* * *1) (position: They are not at home; She lives at 33 Forest Road) at2) (direction: He looked at her; She shouted at the boys.) at3) (to the state or condition of: A tadpole turns into a frog; I've sorted the books into piles.) into4) (towards: They marched on the town.) on5) ((moving, facing etc) in the direction of: He walked toward the door; She turned towards him.) towards6) ((moving, facing etc) in the direction of: He walked toward the door; She turned towards him.) toward7) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) to8) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) to9) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) to10) to11) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.) to12) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.) to13) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) to14) (an old word for `to'.) unto* * *zu[tsu:]1. (wohin: Ziel) to\zum Schwimmbad geht es da lang! the swimming pool is that way!fahr mich bitte \zur Arbeit/Kirche/Schule please drive me to work/church/schoolwie weit ist es von hier \zum Bahnhof? how far is it from here to the train station?wie komme ich [von hier] \zur Post? how do I get [from here] to the post office?ich muss gleich \zum Arzt/ \zum Bäcker/ \zum Supermarkt I must go to the doctor's/baker's/supermarketmorgen gehe ich \zu Rainer I'm going to see Rainer tomorrow\zu Bett gehen (geh) to go to bed\zum Militär gehen to join the army\zum Theater gehen to go on the stage [or into the theatre]2. (wohin: Richtung)das Zimmer liegt \zur Straße hin the room looks out onto the streetder Kerl vom Nachbartisch sieht dauernd \zu uns rüber the bloke at the next table keeps looking across at us\zur Decke sehen to look [up] at the ceiling\zum Fenster hinaus/herein out of/in through the window\zur Tür hinaus/herein out of/in through the door\zum Himmel weisen to point heavenwards [or up at the heavens]\zu jdm/etw hinaufsehen to look up at sb/sth\zum Meer/zur Stadtmitte hin towards the sea/town centre3. (wohin: neben)▪ \zu jdm/etw next to sb/sthdarf ich mich \zu Ihnen setzen? may I sit next to [or beside] you?setz dich \zu uns [come and] sit with uslegen Sie \zu den Tellern bitte jeweils eine Serviette put one serviette next to each platesie ist schon \zu Bett she's already gone to bed\zu Hause at home\zu jds Rechten/Linken on sb's right/left [hand side]jdm \zur Seite sitzen (geh) to sit at sb's side5. (wo: vor Eigennamen, Ortnamen)der Dom \zu Köln the cathedral in Cologne, Cologne cathedralder Graf \zu Blaubeuren the Count of Blaubeurender Gasthof \zum blauen Engel the Blue Angel Innder Reichstag \zu Worms (hist) the Diet of Worms6. wann: Zeitpunkt at\zum 1. Januar fällig due on January 1stes muss [bis] zum Abend/14. März fertig sein it must be finished by this evening/March 14th\zum Wochenende fahren wir weg we are going away at [or AM on] the weekend\zu früher/später Stunde at an early/late hour\zu Mittag at [or by] midday/noon\zum Monatsende kündigen to give in one's notice for [or to take effect from] the end of the month\zu Ostern/Pfingsten/Weihnachten at Easter/Whitsun/Christmas7. (wann, wozu: Anlass)eine Feier \zum Jahrestag der Revolution a celebration to mark the anniversary of the revolution\zum Frühstück trinkt sie immer Tee she always has tea at breakfastetw \zum Geburtstag/ \zu Weihnachten bekommen to get sth for one's birthday/for Christmasjdm \zu etw gratulieren to congratulate sb on sth\zu Ihrem 80. Geburtstag möchte ich Ihnen herzlichst gratulieren I'd like to congratulate you on the occasion of your 80th birthday8. (worüber: Thema)\zu dieser Frage möchte ich Folgendes sagen to this question I should like to say the followingwas sagst du \zu diesen Preisen? what do you say to these prices?eine Rede \zum Thema Umwelt a speech on the subject of the environmentjdn \zu etw vernehmen to question sb about sth9. (wozu: Zweck, Ziel)der Knopf \zum Abstellen the off-buttonPapier \zum Schreiben paper to write on, writing paperWasser \zum Trinken drinking waterwir haben nichts \zum Essen we have nothing to eatgib dem Kind doch etwas \zum Spielen give the child something to play withauf die Reise habe ich mir etwas \zum Lesen mitgenommen I've brought something to read on the tripbei dem Regenwetter habe ich keine Lust \zum Wandern I don't fancy walking if it is rainingdas Zeichen \zum Aufbruch the signal to leave\zum Arzt geboren sein to be born to be a doctorsie sagte das nur \zu seiner Beruhigung she said that just to set his mind at rest\zur Ansicht on approval\zur Einsicht for inspection\zur Einführung... by way of an introduction...\zu seiner Entschuldigung/ \zur Erklärung in apology/explanation, by way of an apology/explanationjdn \zum Essen einladen to invite sb for a meal\zum Gedächtnis von jdm in memory of sb, in sb's memory\zu Hilfe! help!jdm \zu Hilfe kommen to come to sb's aid\zum Lobe von jdm/etw in praise of sb/sth\zu nichts taugen [o zu gebrauchen sein] to be no use at all\zur Probe as a trial [or test]\zur Unterschrift for signature [or signing]\zu was (fam) for what, why\zu was soll das gut sein? what do you need that for?, what is that for?10. (als was)er nahm sie \zur Frau he took her as his wifeetw \zur Antwort geben to say sth in reply\zum Beispiel for example\zur Belohnung as a reward\zur Strafe as a punishment▪ jdn/etw \zum Vorbild nehmen to take sb/sth as one's example, to model oneself on sb/sth\zur Warnung as a warning11. (womit zusammen: Begleitung)mögen Sie Milch/Zucker \zum Kaffee? do you take your coffee white [or with milk]/with sugar?\zu Lachs passt kein Rotwein red wine does not go with salmonetw \zu etw tragen to wear sth with sth12. (zu was: Zugehörigkeit)\zu den Lehrbüchern gehören auch Kassetten there are cassettes to go with the text bookswo ist der Korken \zu der Flasche? where is the cork for this bottle?mir fehlt nur der Schlüssel \zu dieser Tür I've only got to find the key to this door13. (wie: Umstand, Art und Weise)sie erledigt alles \zu meiner Zufriedenheit she does everything to my complete satisfactiondie Firma verkauft alles \zu niedrigsten Preisen the company sells everything at rock-bottom pricesdu hast dich \zu deinem Vorteil verändert you've changed for the betterdas ist ja \zum Lachen that's ridiculous [or really funny]das ist \zum Weinen it's enough to make you want to cry [or weep]\zu jds Bestem/Vorteil sein to be for one's own good/to one's advantage\zu Deutsch (veraltend) in German\zum Glück luckily14. (wie: Fortbewegungsart)\zu Fuß/Pferd on foot/horseback\zu Fuß gehen Sie etwa 20 Minuten it will take you about 20 minutes on foot\zu Schiff (veraltet) by ship [or sea15. (zu was: Ergebnis eines Vorgangs)\zu Asche verbrennen to burn to ashesEiweiß \zu Schnee schlagen to beat the egg white until stiffKartoffeln \zu einem Brei zerstampfen to mash potatoes\zum Erliegen/Stehen kommen to come to rest/a haltetw \zu Pulver zermahlen to grind sth [in]to powder\zu etw werden to turn into [or become] sthmanch einer wird aus Armut \zum Dieb often it is poverty that turns sb into a thiefwieder \zu Staub werden to [re]turn to duster ist \zum Kapitän befördert worden he was promoted to captainsie wurde \zur Vorsitzenden gewählt she was elected chairmanjdn \zu etw ernennen to nominate sb for sthjdn/etw \zu etw machen to make sb/sth into sther machte sie \zu seiner Frau he made her his wife17. (zu wem: Beziehung)meine Beziehung \zu ihr my relationship with herLiebe \zu jdm love for sbaus Freundschaft \zu jdm because of one's friendship with sbVertrauen \zu jdm/etw trust in sb/sth18. (wie: im Verhältnis zu) in relation [or proportion] toim Verhältnis 1 \zu 4 MATH in the ratio of one to fourunsere Chancen stehen 50 \zu 50 our chances are fifty-fiftyim Vergleich \zu... in comparison with..., compared to...19. SPORTBayern München gewann mit 5 \zu 1 Bayern Munich won five-onedas Fußballspiel ging unentschieden 0 \zu 0 aus the football match ended in a nil-nil draw\zu drei Prozent at three percentdiese Äpfel habe ich \zu ein Euro das Stück gekauft I bought these apples for [or at] one euro eachsechs [Stück] \zu fünfzig Cent six for fifty cents\zum halben Preis at half pricewir sind \zu fünft in den Urlaub gefahren five of us went on holiday togethersie kommen immer \zu zweit those two always come as a pairder Pulli ist nur \zur Hälfte fertig the jumper is only half finishedhast du das Buch nur \zu einem Viertel gelesen? have you only read a quarter of the book?\zum ersten Mal for the first time\zum Ersten..., \zum Zweiten firstly..., secondly\zum Ersten, \zum Zweiten, \zum Dritten (bei Auktionen) going once, going twice, sold\zur Hauptsache mainly\zum Rechten schauen to look to the right\zum Voraus in front of\zum Vorn[e]herein from in frontII. ADVERB1. (allzu) tooich wäre \zu gern mitgefahren I would have loved to have gone along\zu sehr too mucher hat sich nicht \zu sehr bemüht he didn't try too [or very] harddas ist einfach \zu dumm! that's really too stupid!dem Ausgang \zu towards the exitnach hinten/vorne \zu towards the back/front4. (fam: weiter, los)dann mal \zu! go ahead!, off we goschimpf nur \zu, es hilft doch nichts go on, scream, it won't do any goodmach \zu! hurry up!, get a move on!lauf schon \zu, ich komme nach you go on [or go on ahead], I'll catch upIII. ADJEKTIVTür \zu, es zieht! shut the door, there's a draught!dreh den Wasserhahn \zu! turn the tap off![mach die] Augen \zu, ich hab da was für dich close your eyes, I've got sth for you\zu haben [o sein] to be shut [or closed]vor der \zunen Tür stehen (sl) to stand in front of the closed door▪ \zu sein:sie ist total \zu you can't get through to herIV. KONJUNKTION1. mit Infinitiv towas gibt es heute Mittag \zu essen? what are we having for lunch today?ohne es \zu wissen without knowing it▪ jd hat etw \zu tun:ich habe \zu arbeiten I have some work to dosie hat \zu gehorchen she has to obey [or do as she is told]ich habe heute einiges \zu erledigen I have got a few things to do today▪ etw ist \zu tun:die Rechnung ist bis Freitag \zu bezahlen the bill has to be paid by Fridaydieser Auftrag ist unverzüglich \zu erledigen this task must be completed straight away▪ um etw \zu tun:ich komme, um mich \zu verabschieden I have come to say goodbye2. mit Partizipda sind noch einige \zu bezahlende Rechnungen there are some outstanding billses gibt verschiedene noch \zu kaufende Gegenstände some things still have to be boughtder \zu Prüfende the candidate to be examinednicht \zu unterschätzende Probleme problems [that are] not to be underestimated* * *1.1) (Richtung) tozu... hin — towards...
er kommt zu mir — (besucht mich) he is coming to my place
2) (zusammen mit) withdas passt nicht zu Bier/zu dem Kleid — that doesn't go with beer/with that dress
3) (Lage) atzu seiner Linken — (geh.) on his left
der Dom zu Speyer — (veralt.) Speyer Cathedral
das Gasthaus ‘Zu den drei Eichen’ — the Three Oaks Inn
4) (zeitlich) at5) (Art u. Weise)zu meiner Zufriedenheit/Überraschung — to my satisfaction/surprise
zu seinem Vorteil/Nachteil — to his advantage/disadvantage; (bei Mengenangaben o. Ä)
zu Dutzenden/zweien — by the dozen/in twos
sie sind zu einem Drittel/zu 50 % arbeitslos — a third/50 % of them are jobless
zu einem großen Teil — largely; to a large extent
das Ergebnis war 2 zu 1 — the result was 2-1 or 2 to 1
7) (einen Preis zuordnend) at; forfünf Briefmarken zu fünfzig [Cent] — five 50-cent stamps
9) (Zweck) for10) (Ziel, Ergebnis) into11) (über) about; on12) (gegenüber)2.1) (allzu) tooer ist zu alt, um diese Reise zu unternehmen — he is too old to undertake this journey
das ist ja zu schön/komisch! — that's really wonderful/hilarious!; that's too wonderful/hilarious for words!
2) nachgestellt (Richtung) towards3) (ugs.)Augen/Tür zu! — shut your eyes/the door!
4) (ugs.): (Aufforderung)3.nur zu! — (fang/fangt an!) get going!; get down to it!; (mach/macht weiter!) get on with it!
1) (mit Infinitiv) toHaus zu verkaufen/vermieten — house for sale/to let
2) (mit 1. Part.)die zu erledigende Post — the letters pl. to be dealt with
* * *zu1 präp (+dat)1. räumlich, Richtung: to, toward(s);bis zu up to;zu jemandem gehen go and ( oder to) see sb;2. räumlich, Lage: at, in;der Dom zu Köln Cologne Cathedral;zu ebener Erde at ground level;zu jemandes Füßen at sb’s feet;zu Hause at home;zu beiden Seiten des Rheins on both sides of the Rhine;zu Wasser und zu Lande on land and at sea;Gasthof zu den drei Eichen the Three Oaktrees (Inn)noch zehn Minuten (bis) zu … another ten minutes before …;zu Beginn at the beginning;4. (für) Zweck, Ziel: for;zu etwas gut sein be good for sth;Stoff zu einem Kleid material for a dress5. Ergebnis ausdrückend: (in)to;es kam zu einem Skandal it blew up into a scandal, a scandal resulted;zu Asche verbrennen burn to ashes;zu etwas werden turn into sth; Person: auch become sth;zu meiner Freude/Überraschung to my delight/surprisesich äußern zu say sth about;gehören zu belong to;gemein/nett zu nasty/nice to;passen zu suit;der Schlüssel zur Gartentür the key to the garden door;Liebe/Zuneigung zu jemandem love/affection for sb;aus Freundschaft zu ihr out of friendship for hersich zu jemandem setzen sit with sb, join sb, sit (down) next to sb;Brot zum Ei essen have bread with one’s egg;Zucker zum Kaffee nehmen take sugar in one’s coffee;zu alledem kommt noch hinzu, dass … and on top of all that …8. Art und Weise:zu Fuß on foot;zu Pferd kommen come on horseback;zu Deutsch in German9. Menge, Zahl, Häufigkeit, Verhältnis etc: in;nur zu einem kleinen Teil only to a small extent;ein Potenzial, das nur zu einem kleinen Teil genutzt wird a potential only a small part of which is actually used;zu zweit nebeneinandergehen walk along two by two;sie kamen zu sechst six of them came;Hunderten in hundreds;es ist zu 20%/einem Viertel falsch 20%/a quarter of it is incorrect;ein Fass zu 50 Litern a 50-litre (US -er) barrel;zehn Karten zu zwei Euro (à, je) ten tickets at two euros (a ticket); insgesamt: ten tickets for two euros10. Zahlenverhältnis:11. Adelsprädikat:zu2 adv1. (übermäßig) too;zu sehr too much;zu sehr betonen overemphasize;das Loch ist zu groß, als dass man es noch flicken könnte the hole is too big to be mended;(viel) zu viel/viele (far oder much) too much/many;einer etczu viel one etc too many;einmal zu viel once too often;ein gutes Gehalt wäre zu viel gesagt a good salary would be a bit of an overstatement;ich krieg zu viel! umg well blow me down!;was zu viel ist, ist zu viel! enough is enough!;zu wenig not enough, too little (pl few);viel zu wenig not nearly enough, far too little (pl few);einer etcdu isst zu wenig you don’t eat enough, you need to eat more2. umg (sehr) too, so, terribly;zu niedlich! how terribly sweet!;das ist ja zu nett! (sehr nett) that’s really very nice!; iron (sehr gemein) how terribly nice (of you)!; (sehr ärgerlich) a fine thing, I must say!3. umg:nur zu! go on!;4. Richtung:nach Norden zu toward(s) the north; zeitlich:gegen … zu toward(s)zu3A. adj umg1.zu sein Fenster, Mund etc: be closed, be shut;2.3.zu sein (ausgebucht) Flug: be full4.B. adv (Ggs offen) closed, shut;Augen zu! close your eyes;Tür zu! shut the door!zu4 konj1. (+inf):ich habe zu arbeiten I’ve got work to do;es ist nicht zu übersehen it can’t be overlooked;gut zu gebrauchen sein be perfectly usable;ich erinnere mich, ihn gesehen zu haben I remember seeing him; auch im Wort:auszuhalten sein be bearable2. (+ ppr):ein sorgfältig zu erwägender Plan a plan requiring careful consideration; auch im Wort:die auszuwechselnden Fahrzeugteile the parts to be exchanged* * *1.1) (Richtung) tozu... hin — towards...
er kommt zu mir — (besucht mich) he is coming to my place
2) (zusammen mit) withdas passt nicht zu Bier/zu dem Kleid — that doesn't go with beer/with that dress
3) (Lage) atzu seiner Linken — (geh.) on his left
der Dom zu Speyer — (veralt.) Speyer Cathedral
das Gasthaus ‘Zu den drei Eichen’ — the Three Oaks Inn
4) (zeitlich) at5) (Art u. Weise)zu meiner Zufriedenheit/Überraschung — to my satisfaction/surprise
zu seinem Vorteil/Nachteil — to his advantage/disadvantage; (bei Mengenangaben o. Ä)
zu Dutzenden/zweien — by the dozen/in twos
sie sind zu einem Drittel/zu 50 % arbeitslos — a third/50 % of them are jobless
zu einem großen Teil — largely; to a large extent
das Ergebnis war 2 zu 1 — the result was 2-1 or 2 to 1
7) (einen Preis zuordnend) at; forfünf Briefmarken zu fünfzig [Cent] — five 50-cent stamps
9) (Zweck) for10) (Ziel, Ergebnis) into11) (über) about; on12) (gegenüber)2.1) (allzu) tooer ist zu alt, um diese Reise zu unternehmen — he is too old to undertake this journey
das ist ja zu schön/komisch! — that's really wonderful/hilarious!; that's too wonderful/hilarious for words!
2) nachgestellt (Richtung) towards3) (ugs.)Augen/Tür zu! — shut your eyes/the door!
4) (ugs.): (Aufforderung)3.nur zu! — (fang/fangt an!) get going!; get down to it!; (mach/macht weiter!) get on with it!
1) (mit Infinitiv) toHaus zu verkaufen/vermieten — house for sale/to let
2) (mit 1. Part.)die zu erledigende Post — the letters pl. to be dealt with
* * *adv.too adv. konj.for conj. präp.at prep.to prep.toward prep.towards prep.unto prep. -
62 lazo
m.1 bow.2 ribbon.3 snare.4 tie, loop, knot, string tie.5 bond, relation, relationship, tie.6 lasso, lariat, long rope with a sliding noose.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: lazar.* * *1 (cinta) ribbon; (de adorno) bow3 (trampa) snare, trap\lazo corredizo slipknot* * *noun m.1) bond2) link3) bow* * *SM1) (=nudo) [para asegurar] knot; [decorativo] bow2) (Agr) lasso, lariat3) (Caza) snare, trap4) (Aut) hairpin bend5) pl lazos (=vínculos) ties* * *1)a) ( cinta) ribbon; ( nudo decorativo) bow¿te hago un lazo? — shall I tie it in a bow?
2)a) (Agr) lassono echarle or tirarle un lazo a alguien — (Méx fam) not to give somebody a second glance
poner a alguien como lazo de cochino — (Méx fam) to give somebody a dressing-down
b) ( cuerda) (Col, Méx) rope; ( para saltar) (Col) cuerda 1) b)c) ( para cazar) snare, trap3) ( vínculo) bond, tie* * *= tape, tie, knot, bond, lashing, loop, bonding, tie.Ex. A portfolio is a container for holding loose materials consisting of two covers joined together at the back; the covers are usually tied with tapes at the fore edge, top, and bottom.Ex. Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex. Often, too, there were knots of badly-beaten fibre visible in the substance of the sheet.Ex. Networking creates bonds where none may have existed and multiplies individual capabilities manifold.Ex. This type of lashing is used to tie 4 or more poles together at one point.Ex. Let us empower ourselves to bring those persons who cannot read, or those with a low level of literacy, or those who have been locked out of the information cycle, into the literacy loop.Ex. The authors suggest that there should be a bonding between and among governing agencies and local schools.Ex. Her shoulder length hair was pushed back and held with a tie.----* colgado de un lazo continuo = looped.* con lazos muy estrechos = close-knit.* creación de lazos de amistad entre hombres = male bonding.* crear lazos = build up + links.* crear lazos afectivos = bond.* establecer lazos afectivos = bond.* estrechar los lazos = strengthen + links.* fortalecer los lazos = strengthen + links.* lazo afectivo = human bonding.* lazo cultural = cultural bond.* lazo étnico = ethnic bond.* lazo familiar = family bond.* lazos = ties.* lazos de amistad = bonding.* lazos de amor = bonding.* lazos familiares = family ties.* lazos sangüíneos = blood ties.* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.* romper un lazo = sever + connection.* ruptura de lazos = severing of ties, breaking of ties.* tender lazos = build + bridges.* * *1)a) ( cinta) ribbon; ( nudo decorativo) bow¿te hago un lazo? — shall I tie it in a bow?
2)a) (Agr) lassono echarle or tirarle un lazo a alguien — (Méx fam) not to give somebody a second glance
poner a alguien como lazo de cochino — (Méx fam) to give somebody a dressing-down
b) ( cuerda) (Col, Méx) rope; ( para saltar) (Col) cuerda 1) b)c) ( para cazar) snare, trap3) ( vínculo) bond, tie* * *= tape, tie, knot, bond, lashing, loop, bonding, tie.Ex: A portfolio is a container for holding loose materials consisting of two covers joined together at the back; the covers are usually tied with tapes at the fore edge, top, and bottom.
Ex: Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex: Often, too, there were knots of badly-beaten fibre visible in the substance of the sheet.Ex: Networking creates bonds where none may have existed and multiplies individual capabilities manifold.Ex: This type of lashing is used to tie 4 or more poles together at one point.Ex: Let us empower ourselves to bring those persons who cannot read, or those with a low level of literacy, or those who have been locked out of the information cycle, into the literacy loop.Ex: The authors suggest that there should be a bonding between and among governing agencies and local schools.Ex: Her shoulder length hair was pushed back and held with a tie.* colgado de un lazo continuo = looped.* con lazos muy estrechos = close-knit.* creación de lazos de amistad entre hombres = male bonding.* crear lazos = build up + links.* crear lazos afectivos = bond.* establecer lazos afectivos = bond.* estrechar los lazos = strengthen + links.* fortalecer los lazos = strengthen + links.* lazo afectivo = human bonding.* lazo cultural = cultural bond.* lazo étnico = ethnic bond.* lazo familiar = family bond.* lazos = ties.* lazos de amistad = bonding.* lazos de amor = bonding.* lazos familiares = family ties.* lazos sangüíneos = blood ties.* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.* romper un lazo = sever + connection.* ruptura de lazos = severing of ties, breaking of ties.* tender lazos = build + bridges.* * *A1 (cinta) ribbon2 (nudo decorativo) bow¿te hago un lazo? shall I tie it in a bow for you?se puso un lazo en la cabeza she put a bow in her hair3 ( RPl) (medio nudo) knotle hizo el lazo del zapato he tied her shoelace4 ( Méx) (del matrimonio) cord with which the couple are symbolically united during the wedding ceremonyB1 ( Agr) lassole echó el lazo al potro he lassoed the colt2 (cuerda — para atar) (Col, Méx) rope; (— para saltar) ( Col) skip o jump rope ( AmE), skipping rope ( BrE)3 (para cazar) snare, trapC (vínculo) link, bond, tienos unen lazos de amistad we are joined by bonds of friendshiplazos culturales cultural tiesCompuesto:* * *
Del verbo lazar: ( conjugate lazar)
lazo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
lazó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
lazar
lazo
lazar ( conjugate lazar) verbo transitivo (Méx) to rope, lasso
lazo sustantivo masculino
1
( nudo decorativo) bow;◊ ¿te hago un lazo? shall I tie it in a bow?b) (Méx) ( del matrimonio) cord with which the couple are symbolically united during the wedding ceremony
2a) (Agr) lasso
( para saltar) (Col) See Also→ cuerda 1b
3 ( vínculo) bond, tie
lazo sustantivo masculino
1 (lazada) bow: le regalé un lazo a la niña, I gave the girl a ribbon
2 (nudo) knot
3 fig (usu pl) (vínculo, relación) tie, bond
' lazo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
corbata
- desatar
- deshacer
- hacer
- moña
- moño
- presilla
- trampa
English:
bond
- bow
- lasso
- loop
- noose
- pretzel
- ribbon
- tie
- link
* * *lazo nm1. [atadura] bow;hacer un lazo to tie a bow;hacerle el lazo del zapato a alguien to tie sb's shoelacelazo corredizo slipknot2. [cinta] ribbon3. [bucle] loop4. [trampa] snare;[de vaquero] lasso;echar el lazo a un animal to lasso an animal;echar el lazo a alguien to snare sb;Méx Famponer a alguien como lazo de cochino to have a go at sb5.lazos [vínculos] ties, bonds;los lazos económicos entre los dos países the economic ties o links between the two countries;los unen fuertes lazos de amistad they share a strong bond of friendship;no hay lazos de parentesco entre las víctimas the victims were not related to each other6. [en arte] tracery motif* * *m1 knot2 de adorno bowcaer en el lazo fig fall into the trap4:lazos pl ties* * *lazo nm1) vínculo: link, bond2) : bow, ribbon3) : lasso, lariat* * *lazo n1. (lazada) bow2. (cinta) ribbon -
63 peine
peine [pεn]feminine nouna. ( = chagrin) sorrowb. ( = effort) effort• on lui a donné 500 € pour sa peine he was given 500 euros for his trouble► être or valoir la peine• est-ce que c'est la peine d'y aller ? is it worth going?• c'était bien la peine ! (ironic) after all that trouble!c. ( = difficulté) difficulty• j'ai peine à croire que... I find it hard to believe that...• peine alternative or de substitution alternative sentence• « défense d'entrer sous peine de poursuites » "trespassers will be prosecuted"* * *pɛn
1.
1) ( chagrin) sorrow, griefavoir de la peine — to feel sad ou upset
faire de la peine à quelqu'un — [personne] to hurt somebody; [événement, remarque] to upset somebody
2) ( effort) effort, troubledonnez-vous or prenez la peine d'entrer — fml please do come in
il n'est pas au bout de ses peines — ( dans une situation pénible) his troubles are far from over; ( pour accomplir une tâche) he's still got a long way to go
ce n'est pas la peine de crier — ( c'est inutile) there's no point shouting; ( ton critique) there's no need to shout
pour la peine or ta/votre peine — ( en récompense) for your trouble
3) ( difficulté) difficulty4) ( punition) gén punishment; Droit penalty, sentence‘défense de fumer sous peine d'amende’ — ‘no smoking, offenders will be fined’
pour la or ta peine — as punishment
2.
à peine locution adverbiale hardly, barelyil était à peine arrivé qu'il pensait déjà à repartir — no sooner had he arrived than he was thinking of leaving again
‘je n'étais pas au courant’ - ‘à peine (colloq)!’ — ( incrédulité) ‘I didn't know about it’ - ‘I don't believe it!’ ou ‘I don't buy that (colloq)!’
Phrasal Verbs:* * *pɛn nf1) (= affliction) sorrow, sadnessÇa me fait de la peine de la voir pleurer. — It upsets me to see her crying.
2) (= effort) troubleIl a pris la peine de me rapporter ma valise. — He went to the trouble of returning my case to me.
Il s'est donné beaucoup de peine pour obtenir ces renseignements. — He went to a lot of trouble to get this information.
en valoir la peine — to be worth it, to be worth the trouble
Cela n'en vaut pas la peine. — It isn't worth it.
ce n'est pas la peine de le faire — there's no point doing it, it's not worth doing
Ce n'est pas la peine de téléphoner. — There's no point phoning.
Ce n'est pas la peine que vous veniez. — There's no point you coming., There's no point in your coming.
donnez-vous la peine d'entrer; veuillez vous donner la peine d'entrer — please come in
3) (= difficulté) (à voir, entendre, marcher) difficultyJ'ai eu beaucoup de peine à la convaincre. — I had a lot of trouble persuading her.
être à la peine — to be in trouble, to be in difficulties
4) (= punition) punishment, DROIT sentenceà peine [bouger] — hardly, [commencer] only just
J'ai à peine eu le temps de me changer. — I hardly had time to get changed.
Elle vient à peine de se lever. — She's only just got up.
à peine sorti du ventre de sa mère — barely out of his mother's belly, [animal] barely out of its mother's belly
c'est à peine si...; c'est à peine si elle m'a dit bonjour — she barely said hello to me
à peine... que; À peine venait-il d'emménager qu'il dut entreprendre des travaux. — He'd only just moved in when he had to start doing building work.
* * *A nf1 ( chagrin) sorrow, grief; avoir de la peine to feel sad ou upset; faire de la peine à qn to hurt sb; ça me fait de la peine de le voir si triste it hurts me to see him so sad; tu leur as fait de la peine en leur disant ça you hurt their feelings when you said that; il faisait peine à voir he looked a sorry sight; cela faisait peine à voir it was sad to see;2 ( effort) effort, trouble; c'est peine perdue it's a waste of effort; en être pour sa peine to waste one's time and effort; se donner de la peine pour faire to go to a lot of trouble to do; se donner or prendre la peine de faire to take the trouble to do; tu pourrais réussir si seulement tu te donnais la peine d'essayer you could succeed if only you tried ou if only you made the effort; il ne s'est même pas donné la peine de nous prévenir he didn't even bother to tell us; il a quand même pris la peine de te remercier/de venir he still took the trouble to thank you/to come; donnez-vous or prenez la peine d'entrer fml please do come in; il n'est pas au bout de ses peines ( dans une situation pénible) his troubles are far from over; ( pour accomplir une tâche) he's still got a long way to go; me voilà au bout de mes peines! ( dans une situation difficile) my troubles are over now; ( en finissant un travail) there, I've finished!; se mettre en peine pour qn to go out of one's way for sb('s sake); ce n'est pas la peine de crier, je ne suis pas sourd there's no need to shout, I'm not deaf; ce n'est pas la peine de te fâcher comme ça! there's no need to get so angry!; est-ce vraiment la peine que je vienne? do I really need to come?; ce n'est pas la peine d'aller voir ce film, il est nul there's no point in going to see that film, it's awful; ce n'est pas la peine qu'il se déplace, le bureau est fermé there's no point in him going, the office is closed; c'était bien la peine que je me donne tant de mal! I went to all that trouble for nothing!; c'est/c'était bien la peine! what's/what was the point!; c'était bien la peine de venir de si loin pour trouver porte close! what was the point of coming all this way to find nobody home!; ça en valait vraiment la peine it was really worth it; ce n'est pas la peine de faire un si long voyage pour un jour it's not worth travellingGB so far just for one day; la pièce vaut la peine d'être vue the play is worth seeing; concentrez vos efforts sur ce qui en vaut la peine concentrate on worthwhile activities; cette idée vaut la peine d'être soumise à qn it's worth ou worthwhile submitting the idea to sb; pour la peine or ta/votre peine ( en récompense) for your trouble; tu m'as bien aidé, pour la peine je t'offre à boire you've been a great help to me, I'll buy you a drink for your trouble; ⇒ suffire;3 ( difficulté) difficulty; sans peine easily; avec peine with difficulty; avoir or éprouver de la peine à faire to have difficulty doing, to find it hard to do; j'ai eu toutes les peines du monde à le persuader/à trouver la maison I had the greatest difficulty (in) persuading him/(in) finding the house; j'ai peine à le croire I find it hard to believe; l'allemand/le jardinage sans peine German/gardening without tears; il n'est pas en peine pour trouver du travail he has no difficulty finding work; être bien en peine de faire to be hard put to do; il serait bien en peine de te prêter de l'argent, il n'a pas un sou he would be hard put to lend you any money, he doesn't have a penny;4 ( punition) gén punishment; Jur penalty, sentence; peine de prison prison sentence; une peine de cinq ans de prison a five-year prison sentence; ‘défense de fumer sous peine d'amende’ ‘no smoking, offenders will be fined’; ‘défense d'entrer sous peine de poursuites’ ‘trespassers will be prosecuted’; sous peine de mort on pain of death; sous peine de décevoir because of the risk of causing disappointment; sous peine de perdre de l'argent at the risk of losing money; pour la or ta peine ( comme punition) as punishment; pour la peine, tu feras la vaisselle as punishment, you'll do the dishes.B à peine loc adv hardly, barely; tu pars déjà, il est à peine cinq heures! you're not leaving already? it's barely five o'clock; il est resté à peine une heure he stayed (for) barely an hour; on a à peine de quoi finir le mois we've barely ou hardly enough to get by on until the end of the month; une allusion à peine voilée a thinly veiled allusion; il gagne à peine 5 euros de l'heure he barely earns 5 euros an hour; c'est à peine si je l'ai reconnu I hardly recognized him; il a à peine touché à son assiette he hardly touched his food; il sait à peine lire he can hardly read; il tenait à peine debout he could hardly stand; c'est à peine si elle dit bonjour/répond quand on lui parle she barely says hello/replies if you speak to her; il exagère à peine! he's not really exaggerating!; à peine était-il arrivé or il était à peine arrivé qu'il pensait déjà à repartir no sooner had he arrived than he was thinking of leaving again; ‘je t'assure que je n'étais pas au courant’-‘à peine○!’ ( exprimant l'incrédulité) ‘I tell you I didn't know about it’-‘I don't believe it!’, ‘I don't buy that○!’peine capitale Jur capital punishment; condamné à la peine capitale sentenced to death; peine de cœur heartache ¢; il a des peines de cœur his heart is aching; peine correctionnelle Jur penalty of two months to five years imprisonment; peine criminelle sentence for serious crime; peine incompressible Jur prison term with no provision for remission; peine de mort Jur death penalty; peine de police Jur penalty of one day to two months imprisonment; peine de substitution Jur alternative sentence.[pɛn] nom fémininA.peine correctionnelleimprisonment for between two months and five years, or a finela peine de mort capital punishment, the death penaltyB.1. [tourment, inquiétude] troubleavoir de la peine to be sad ou upsetC.ce n'est pas la peine it's not worth it, it's pointlessce n'est pas la peine de tout récrire/que tu y ailles there's no point writing it all out again/your goingc'était bien la peine que je mette une cravate! (ironique) it was a real waste of time putting a ou my tie on!ne pas épargner ou ménager sa peine to spare no effortpeine perdue: n'essaie pas de le convaincre, c'est peine perdue don't try to persuade him, it's a waste of time ou you'd be wasting your breath2. [difficulté]elle a eu toutes les peines du monde à venir à la réunion she had a terrible time ou the devil's own job getting to the meetingêtre (bien) en peine de: je serais bien en peine de vous l'expliquer I'd have a hard job explaining it to you, I wouldn't really know how to explain it to youn'être pas en peine pour (soutenu) : je ne suis pas en peine pour y aller it's no trouble for me to get there, I'll have no problem getting there————————à peine locution adverbialej'arrive à peine à soulever mon sac I can hardly ou barely lift my bagelle sait à peine lire she can hardly ou barely read2. [tout juste] barelyil y a à peine une semaine/deux heures not quite a week/two hours ago, barely a week/two hours agoelle gagne à peine de quoi payer son loyer she barely earns enough ou she only just earns enough to pay her rent3. [à l'instant] just4. [aussitôt]à peine guérie, elle a repris le travail no sooner had she recovered than she went back to workà peine... que: à peine était-elle couchée que le téléphone se mit à sonner no sooner had she gone to bed than ou she'd only just gone to bed when the phone rangavec peine locution adverbiale1. [difficilement] with difficulty2. (soutenu) [à regret]————————sans peine locution adverbiale————————sous peine de locution prépositionnelle‘défense de fumer sous peine d'amende’ ‘smokers will be prosecuted’The death penalty was abolished in France in 1981. -
64 tomber
tomber [tɔ̃be]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 1━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► Lorsque tomber fait partie d'une locution comme tomber amoureux, tomber de sommeil, reportez-vous aussi à l'autre mot.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. <• attention ! tu vas tomber careful! you'll fall• il est tombé sur la tête ! (inf) he must be mad!► faire tomber to knock down ; (en renversant) to knock over ; (en lâchant) to drop ; [+ température, prix] to bring downb. [neige, pluie] to fall ; [brouillard] to come downc. ( = baisser) to drop ; [jour] to draw to a close ; [prix, nombre] to fall ; [colère] to die down ; [assurance, enthousiasme] to fall away• le dollar est tombé à 2 € the dollar has fallen to 2 eurosd. ( = disparaître) [obstacle, objection] to disappear ; [record] to falle. ( = pendre) to hangf. ( = échoir) [date, choix, sort] to fall ; [verdict, sanction] to be pronouncedg. ( = arriver, se produire) il est tombé en pleine réunion he walked straight into a meeting• il est vraiment bien/mal tombé avec son nouveau patron he's really lucky/unlucky with his new bossh. ( = être arrêté) (inf!) to get busted (inf!)i. (locutions)• son œuvre est tombée dans l'oubli his work fell into oblivion► tomber sur ( = rencontrer par hasard) to run into ; ( = trouver par hasard) to come across ; ( = critiquer) (inf) to go for (inf)• en prenant cette rue, vous tombez sur la gare if you go along this street, you'll find the station• et il a fallu que ça tombe sur moi ! it just had to be me!2. <b. ( = séduire) (inf)c. ( = retirer) (inf)* * *
I
1. tɔ̃beverbe transitif (+ v avoir) Sport to throw [lutteur]; fig to beat [équipe]
2.
verbe intransitif (+ v être)1) ( faire une chute) gén to fall; ( de sa propre hauteur) [personne, chaise] to fall over; [animal] to fall; [arbre, mur] to fall down; (d'une hauteur, d'un support) [personne, vase] to fall off; [fruits, feuilles, bombe] to fall; [cheveux, dents] to fall out; [plâtre, revêtement] to come off2) ( venir d'en haut) [pluie, neige, foudre] to fall; [brouillard] to come down; [rayon, clarté] to fall; [rideau de théâtre] to fall, to dropqu' est-ce que ça tombe! — (colloq)
ça tombe dru! — (colloq) ( pluie) it's pouring down!
3) (faiblir, baisser) [valeur, prix, température] to fall; [ardeur, colère] to subside; [fièvre] to come down; [vent] to drop; [jour] to draw to a close; [conversation] to die downfaire tomber — to bring down [prix, température]; to dampen [enthousiasme]
il est tombé bien bas — ( affectivement) he's in very low spirits; ( moralement) he has sunk very low
4) (être vaincu, renversé) [dictateur, régime, ville] to fall; ( disparaître) [obstacle, objection] to vanish; [opposition] to subside; [préjugé] to die outle roi est tombé — ( aux cartes) the king has been played
faire tomber — to bring down [régime, dictateur]; to break down [barrières]
5) ( s'affaisser) [poitrine] to sag; [épaules] to slope6) ( pendre) [chevelure, mèche] to falltomber bien/mal — [vêtement, rideau] to hang well/badly
7) (se retrouver, se placer)tomber sous le coup d'une loi — Droit to fall within the provisions of a law
8) ( devenir) to falltomber malade/amoureux — to fall ill/in love
9) ( être donné) [décision] to be announced; [nouvelle] to break; [réponse] to be giventomber sur les écrans — [nouvelle] to come through on screen
10) ( rencontrer)tomber sur — gén to come across [inconnu, détail, objet]; to run into [ami]; ( recevoir en partage) to get; ( avoir de la chance dans ses recherches)
si tu prends cette rue, tu tomberas sur la place — if you follow that street, you'll come to the square
11) ( survenir) gén to cometu ne pouvais pas mieux tomber! — ( au bon moment) you couldn't have come at a better time!; ( avoir de la chance) you couldn't have done better!
tu tombes bien/mal, j'allais partir — you're lucky/unlucky, I was just about to leave
il faut toujours que ça tombe sur moi or que ça me tombe dessus! — (colloq) (décision, choix) why does it always have to be me?; ( mésaventure) why does it always have to happen to me?
tomber au milieu d'une or en pleine réunion — [personne] to walk right into a meeting; [annonce, nouvelle] to come right in the middle of a meeting
12) ( coïncider) [date] to fall on [jour, quantième]13) ( abandonner)laisser tomber — to give up [emploi, activité]; to drop [sujet, projet, habitude]
laisse tomber! — (désintérêt, désabusement) forget it!; ( irritation) give it a rest! (colloq)
laisser tomber quelqu'un — ( pour se séparer) to drop somebody; ( pour ne plus aider) to let somebody down
14) ( agresser)tomber sur quelqu'un — ( physiquement) [soldats, voyous] to fall on somebody, to lay into somebody (colloq); [pillards, police] to descend on somebody; ( critiquer) to go for somebody, to lay into somebody (colloq)
15) ( mourir) euph to die
II tɔ̃benom masculin (de vêtement, tissu) hang [U]* * *tɔ̃be1. vi1) (par terre, d'un mur) to fallAttention, tu vas tomber! — Be careful, you'll fall!
tomber à l'eau — to fall in the water, fig, [projet] to fall through
Il tombe de sommeil. — He's asleep on his feet.
tomber enceinte — to get pregnant, to fall pregnant
3) (= survenir)tomber juste [opération, calcul] — to come out right
4)laisser tomber (= lâcher) — to drop
Elle a laissé tomber son stylo. — She dropped her pen., (= renoncer à) to give up
Il a laissé tomber le piano. — He gave up the piano., (= faire faux bond à) to let down
Il ne laisse jamais tomber ses amis. — He never lets his friends down.
Laisse tomber, il n'acceptera jamais. — Drop it, he'll never agree.
5)tomber sur [difficulté] — to come across
tomber sur quelqu'un [ami, connaissance] — to bump into someone
Je suis tombé sur lui en sortant de chez Pierre. — I bumped into him coming out of Pierre's place., (= attaquer) [personne] to set about
2. vt* * *tomber verb table: aimerB vtr (+ v avoir)C vi (+ v être)1 ( faire une chute) gén to fall; ( de sa propre hauteur) [personne, chaise] to fall over; [animal] to fall; [arbre, mur] to fall down; (d'une hauteur, d'un support) [personne, vase] to fall off; [fruits, feuilles, bombe] to fall; [cheveux, dents] to fall out; [plâtre, revêtement] to come off; je me suis cassé un bras/j'ai cassé un vase en tombant I fell and broke my arm/a vase; tomber à la mer/dans une rivière to fall into the sea/into a river; tomber dans un trou to fall down a hole; tomber sur to fall on [tapis, maison, tête]; tomber sur le derrière○ or cul◑ to land on one's backside; tomber d'un toit/de cheval to fall off a roof/off a horse; tomber d'un arbre [personne] to fall from a tree; [fruit, feuille] to fall off a tree; tomber du lit/de ma poche to fall out of bed/out of my pocket; l'assiette m'est tombée des mains the plate fell out of my hands; ces lunettes me tombent du nez these glasses are slipping off my nose; attention, tu vas me faire tomber! be careful, you'll make me fall!; j'ai fait tomber un vase I knocked a vase over; j'ai fait tomber le vase de l'étagère I knocked the vase off the shelf; il a fait tomber son adversaire ( au rugby) he brought his opponent down; le vent a fait tomber une tuile du toit/un arbre sur les voitures the wind blew a tile off the roof/a tree down onto the cars; se laisser tomber dans un fauteuil/sur un lit to flop into an armchair/onto a bed; laisser tomber un gâteau sur le tapis to drop a cake on the carpet; le skieur s'est laissé tomber pour s'arrêter the skier dropped to the ground to stop himself;2 ( venir d'en haut) [pluie, neige, foudre] to fall; [brouillard] to come down; [rayon, clarté] to fall (sur onto); [rideau de théâtre] to fall, to drop; un rayon de lumière tombait sur mon livre a ray of light fell onto my book; il est tombé 200 mm d'eau or de pluie pendant la nuit 200 mm of rain fell during the night; il tombe des gouttes it's spotting with rain; qu'est-ce que ça tombe○!, ça tombe dru○! ( pluie) it's pouring down!, it's coming down in buckets○!; la pluie n'a pas cessé de tomber pendant tout le voyage it rained steadily throughout the journey; la foudre est tombée sur un arbre the lightning struck a tree; une faible lueur tombait de la lucarne there was a dim light coming through the skylight; une pâle clarté tombait de la lune the moon cast a pale light;3 (faiblir, baisser) [valeur, prix, température] to fall (de by; à to); [ardeur, colère] to subside; [fièvre] to come down; [vent] to drop; [jour] to draw to a close; [conversation] to die down; le dollar est tombé au-dessous de 0.90 euro the dollar has fallen to below 0.90 euro; la température est tombée à/de 10°C the temperature has fallen to/by 10°C; leur personnel est tombé à 200 employés their staff is down to 200 employees; faire tomber to bring down [prix, température]; to dampen [enthousiasme]; il est tombé bien bas ( affectivement) he's in very low spirits; ( moralement) he has sunk very low; il est tombé bien bas dans mon estime he has gone right down in my esteem ou estimation; je tombe de sommeil I can't keep my eyes open;4 (être vaincu, renversé) [dictateur, régime, ville] to fall; ( disparaître) [obstacle, objection] to vanish; [opposition] to subside; [préjugé] to die out; le roi est tombé ( aux cartes) the king has been played; faire tomber to bring down [régime, dictateur]; to remove [obstacle]; to eradicate [tabou]; faire tomber les barrières fig to break down barriers;5 ( s'affaisser) [poitrine] to sag; [épaules] to slope; avoir les épaules qui tombent to have sloping shoulders; ⇒ bras;6 ( pendre) [chevelure, mèche] to fall; [vêtement, rideau] to hang; cheveux qui tombent sur les yeux hair that falls over one's eyes; manteau qui tombe bien/mal coat that hangs well/badly; sa jupe lui tombe (jusqu')aux chevilles her skirt comes down to her ankles;7 (se retrouver, se placer) tomber dans un piège lit, fig to fall into a trap; tomber en disgrâce/ruine to fall into disgrace/ruin; tomber dans la vulgarité/sensiblerie to lapse into vulgarity/sentimentality; vous tombez dans le paradoxe you are being paradoxical; tomber sous le charme de qn to fall under sb's spell; tomber sous le coup d'une loi Jur to fall within the provisions of a law; tomber aux mains or entre les mains de qn [document, pouvoir] to fall into sb's hands; la conversation est tombée sur la politique the conversation came around to politics; ⇒ Charybde, sens;8 ( devenir) to fall; tomber malade/amoureux to fall ill/in love;9 ( être donné) [décision, sentence, verdict] to be announced; [nouvelle] to break; [réponse] to be given; tomber sur les écrans [nouvelle] to come through on screen; la nouvelle nous tombe à l'instant Radio, TV the news has just come through to us; dès que le journal tombe des presses as soon as the newspaper comes off the press; les paroles qu'il a laissé tomber de sa bouche the words that fell from his lips; ⇒ sourd;10 ( rencontrer) tomber sur gén to come across [inconnu, détail, objet]; to run into [ami, connaissance]; ( recevoir en partage) to get; ( avoir de la chance dans ses recherches) tomber sur la bonne page/le bon numéro to hit on the right page/the right number; je suis tombé sur un sujet difficile/un examinateur sévère à l'examen I got a difficult question/a harsh examiner in the exam; je suis tombé par hasard sur ce que je cherchais I found what I was looking for by chance ; mes yeux sont tombés sur une jolie femme/une expression amusante my eyes fell on a pretty woman/a funny expression; si tu prends cette rue, tu tomberas sur la place if you follow that street, you'll come to the square;11 ( survenir) gén to come; c'est tombé juste au bon moment/comme il fallait it came just at the right time/when it was needed; cette réforme ne pouvait pas mieux/plus mal tomber this reform couldn't have come at a better/worse time; tu ne pouvais pas mieux tomber! ( au bon moment) you couldn't have come at a better time!; ( avoir de la chance) you couldn't have done better!; tu tombes bien/mal, j'allais partir you're lucky/unlucky ou you've timed that well/badly, I was just about to leave; ça tombe bien/mal, j'avais justement besoin de ce livre that's good/bad luck, I just needed that book; il faut toujours que ça tombe sur moi or que ça me tombe dessus○! [décision, choix] why does it always have to be me?; [mésaventure] why does it always have to happen to me?; tomber au milieu d'une or en pleine réunion [personne] to walk right into a meeting; [annonce, nouvelle] to come right in the middle of a meeting;12 ( coïncider) [date, anniversaire, fête] to fall on [jour, quantième]; ça tombe un mercredi/le 17 avril it falls on a Wednesday/on 17 April;13 ( abandonner) laisser tomber to give up [emploi, activité]; to drop [sujet, projet, habitude]; il a fallu laisser tomber I/we etc had to give up; laisse tomber! (désintérêt, désabusement) forget it!; ( irritation) give it a rest○!; laisser tomber qn ( pour se séparer) to drop sb; ( pour ne plus aider) to let sb down; il a laissé tomber sa petite amie he dropped his girlfriend; ne me laisse pas tomber! don't let me down!; ⇒ chaussette;14 ( agresser) tomber sur qn ( physiquement) [soldats, voyous] to fall on sb, to lay○ into sb; [pillards, police] to descend on sb; ( critiquer) to go for sb, to lay○ into sb; ils nous sont tombés dessus à dix contre un they fell on us, ten to one; il s'est fait tomber dessus par des voleurs/un chien he was set on by robbers/attacked by a dog;15 ( mourir) euph [soldat] to fall euph; tomber sous le feu de l'ennemi to fall under enemy fire; tomber pour qch to die for sth; ⇒ champ.en tomber sur le derrière○ or cul◑ to be flabbergasted○.I[tɔ̃be] nom masculinau tomber du jour ou de la nuit at nightfall ou duskII[tɔ̃be] verbe intransitif (auxiliaire être)A.[CHANGER DE NIVEAU - SENS PROPRE ET FIGURÉ][avion, bombe, projectile] to falltomber par terre to fall on the floor, to fall downtomber dans un fauteuil to fall ou to collapse into an armchairne monte pas à l'échelle, tu vas tomber don't go up the ladder, you'll fall offtomber de cheval to fall off ou from a horsetomber d'un arbre to fall out of a tree ou from a treea. [en lui faisant un croche-pied] to trip somebody upb. [en le bousculant] to knock ou to push somebody overa. [en poussant] to push something overb. [en renversant] to knock something overc. [en lâchant] to drop somethingd. [en donnant un coup de pied] to kick something over3. [se détacher - feuille, pétale, fruit] to fall ou to drop off ; [ - cheveu, dent] to fall ou to come outla robe tombe bien sur toi the dress hangs well ou nicely on you5. [s'abattre, descendre - rayon de soleil, radiations, nuit] to fall ; [ - brouillard, gifle, coup] to come downla neige/pluie tombait it was snowing/rainingune goutte est tombée dans mon cou a drop trickled ou rolled down my neckil tombe de grosses gouttes/gros flocons big drops/flakes are fallingtoi, tu as ta paie qui tombe tous les mois (familier) you have a regular salary coming in (every month)il lui tombe au moins 3 000 euros par mois (familier) he has at least 3,000 euros coming in every montha. [il va pleuvoir] it's going to pour (with rain)!b. [il va y avoir des coups] you're/we're etc. going to get it!6. [déboucher]là où la rue Daneau tombe dans le boulevard Lamain at the point where Rue Daneau joins ou meets Boulevard Lamaincontinuez tout droit et vous tomberez sur le marché keep going straight on and you'll come to the market7. [diminuer - prix, température, voix, ton] to fall, to drop ; [ - fréquentation] to drop (off) ; [ - fièvre] to come down, to drop ; [ - colère] to die down, to subside ; [ - inquiétude] to melt away, to vanish ; [ - enthousiasme, agitation, intérêt] to fall ou to fade away, to subside ; [ - tempête] to subside, to abate, to die away ; [ - vent] to drop, to fall, to die down ; [ - jour] to draw to a closela température est tombée de 10 degrés the temperature has dropped ou fallen (by) 10 degreessa cote de popularité est tombée très bas/à 28 % his popularity rating has plummeted/has dropped to 28%faire tomber la fièvre to bring down ou to reduce somebody's temperaturesa joie tomba brusquement his happiness suddenly vanished ou evaporated9. [s'effondrer - cité] to fall ; [ - dictature, gouvernement, empire] to fall, to be brought down, to be toppled ; [ - record] to be broken ; [ - concurrent] to go out, to be defeated ; [ - plan, projet] to fall throughles candidats de droite sont tombés au premier tour the right-wing candidates were eliminated in the first rounda. [cité] to bring downb. [gouvernement] to bring down, to topplec. [record] to breakd. [concurrent] to defeat10. [devenir]tomber malade to become ou to fall illtomber (raide) mort to drop dead, to fall down dead11. JEUX [carte]B.[SE PRODUIRE, ARRIVER]1. [événement] to fall ou to be onmon anniversaire tombe un dimanche my birthday is ou falls on a Sundaytomber juste [calcul] to work out exactlyton bureau l'intéresse — ça tombe bien, je voulais m'en débarrasser he's interested in your desk — that's good, I wanted to get rid of itmal tomber to come at the wrong moment ou at a bad timele mardi tombe assez mal pour moi Tuesday's not a good day ou very convenient for me[personne]on est tombés en plein pendant la grève des trains we got there right in the middle of the rail striketomber juste [deviner] to guess righta. [opportunément] to turn up at the right momentb. [avoir de la chance] to be lucky ou in luckah, vous tombez bien, je voulais justement vous parler ah, you've come just at the right moment, I wanted to speak to youil est excellent, ce melon, je suis bien tombé this melon's excellent, I was luckya. [inopportunément] to turn up at the wrong momentb. [ne pas avoir de chance] to be unlucky ou out of lucktu tombes à point! you've timed it perfectly!, perfect timing!2. [nouvelles] to be ou to come outles dernières nouvelles qui viennent de tomber font état de 143 victimes news just out ou released puts the number of victims at 143à 20 h, la nouvelle est tombée the news came through at 8 p.m————————[tɔ̃be] verbe transitif (auxiliaire avoir)1. [triompher de - candidat, challenger] to defeat2. (familier) [séduire] to seduce3. (familier & locution)————————tomber dans verbe plus préposition[se laisser aller à - découragement, désespoir] to sink ou to lapse into (inseparable)————————tomber en verbe plus prépositiontomber en lambeaux to fall to bits ou pieces————————tomber sur verbe plus préposition1. [trouver par hasard - personne] to come across, to run ou to bump into, to meet up with (US) ; [ - objet perdu, trouvaille] to come across ou upon, to stumble across2. [avoir affaire à - examinateur, sujet d'examen] to getquand j'ai téléphoné, je suis tombé sur sa mère/un répondeur when I phoned, it was her mother who answered (me)/I got an answering machineil tombe sur les nouveaux pour la moindre erreur he comes down on the newcomers (like a ton of bricks) if they make the slightest mistake4. [se porter sur - regard, soupçon] to fall on ; [ - conversation] to turn to -
65 atadura
f.tie (also figurative).* * *1 (acción) tying, binding, fastening2 (cosa) binding, string, cord4 figurado (impedimento) tie, hindrance* * *SF1) (=acción) tying, fastening2) (=cuerda) string, rope; (Agr) tether3) (=enlace) bond4) (=limitación) limitation, restriction* * *= trammel, lashing, tie, tie.Ex. This is a non-governmental international organization relative free from governmental and bureaucratic trammels.Ex. This type of lashing is used to tie 4 or more poles together at one point.Ex. Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex. Her shoulder length hair was pushed back and held with a tie.----* las ataduras de = the shackles of.* * *= trammel, lashing, tie, tie.Ex: This is a non-governmental international organization relative free from governmental and bureaucratic trammels.
Ex: This type of lashing is used to tie 4 or more poles together at one point.Ex: Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex: Her shoulder length hair was pushed back and held with a tie.* las ataduras de = the shackles of.* * *
atadura f fig hindrance
' atadura' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
sujeción
English:
loosely
- tether
- tie
* * *atadura nf1. [con cuerda] tie;consiguió romper las ataduras y escaparse she managed to free o untie herself and get away2. [vínculo] tie;rompió las ataduras familiares he cut his ties with his family* * *f tie* * *atadura nfligadura: tie, bond -
66 דחי
דחי, דָּחָא, דָּחָה(b. h. דָּחָה) 1) to push away, thrust. Tosef. Yoma IV (III), 14 דְּחָאוֹ ולא מת; Y. ib. VI, 43a bot. דְּחָייוֹ if the man thrust the goat down the precipice, and it did not die. Snh.107b, a. e. תהא שמאל דּוֹחָהוכ׳ let the left hand repel them and the right invite; a. fr.Transf. ד׳ בקש, or בקנה to dismiss with a vague or paltry reply. Ḥull.27b. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Num. R. s. 19; a. fr. 2) to expel. Tosef.Dem.III, 4; Bekh.31a; Y.Dem.II, 23a top, v. חֲבֵירוּת. 3) to suspend, make inoperative, supersede. Ohol. VII, 6 אין דּוֹחִין נפש מפניוכ׳ we dare not set aside the regard due to one human life for the sake of saving another human life; Gen R. s. 94 כך עושין דוחיםוכ׳ is it thus one must act? dare you sacrifice one life ?Y.Snh.VIII, 26c top ד׳ את הספק to disregard the doubt the benefit of which is to be given to the criminal.Y.Shek.IV, 47d bot. דָּחִינוּ אותווכ׳ we postponed it (the fast) to the first day of the week; Meg.5b דְחִינוּהוּ; Erub.41a דְחִינֻהוּ.Pes.VI, 1 אלו דברים … דוחיןוכ׳ the following performances needed for the Passover offering take precedence of the Sabbath (cause a suspension of the Sabbath laws); a. v. fr.Part. pass. דָּחוּי a) pushed, hurried. M. Kat. 28a מיתה דְחוּיָה a hurried death.b) suspended, superseded. Yoma 7b, a. fr. טומאה דְּחוּיָה היאוכ׳ the law about levtical purity is only suspended for the sake of an entire community (and its suspension requires atonement), opp. טומאה הותרה the law is inoperative. Zeb.12a ד׳ מעיקרו unfit from the start, opp. נראה ונדחה, v. infra.Yeb.80b; Gitt.57a דוחה, v. דִּיהַּ. Nif. נִדְחֶה to be pushed aside, suspended; to give way. Meg.5b הואיל ונ׳ יִדָּחֶה the fast being once suspended (on account of the Sabbath), let it remain so (and not be taken up on Sunday). Pes.66a איש נ׳ … ואין צבור נִידָּחִין an individual (if unclean on Passover) is suspended (postpones the celebration) until the second Passover (Num. 9:10 sq.), but not a community. Yoma 64a נעלי חיים אינן נידחין animals (dedicated for sacrifices) cannot be removed forever from sacred use (as long as the obstacle lies not in their physical unfitness). Ib. נראה ונ׳ once fit and then discarded (on account of a temporary unfitness).Ber.64a כל הנ׳ … שעה נִדֶּחֶת מפניו to him who gives way to time (yielding patiently to circumstances), time will give way, v. דָּחַק. Hif. הִדְחָה 1) to remove hurriedly. M. Kat. 22a מדְחֶה מיטתו he who is anxious to remove the bier of a relative (hurries the burial). 2) to thrust. Arakh.30b אַדְחֶה אבן אחדוכ׳ Rashi (ed. אידחה, corrupt. of אֲיַדֶּה; Ar. דְּחֵה imperat. Kal) I will throw a stone after the fallen man (not give the sinner a chance to return). Naz.16b מדחין בה Ar., read with ed. כדהוינן בה. Tosef.Toh.VIII, 8 המדחה, v. יָּחַס. -
67 דחא
דחי, דָּחָא, דָּחָה(b. h. דָּחָה) 1) to push away, thrust. Tosef. Yoma IV (III), 14 דְּחָאוֹ ולא מת; Y. ib. VI, 43a bot. דְּחָייוֹ if the man thrust the goat down the precipice, and it did not die. Snh.107b, a. e. תהא שמאל דּוֹחָהוכ׳ let the left hand repel them and the right invite; a. fr.Transf. ד׳ בקש, or בקנה to dismiss with a vague or paltry reply. Ḥull.27b. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Num. R. s. 19; a. fr. 2) to expel. Tosef.Dem.III, 4; Bekh.31a; Y.Dem.II, 23a top, v. חֲבֵירוּת. 3) to suspend, make inoperative, supersede. Ohol. VII, 6 אין דּוֹחִין נפש מפניוכ׳ we dare not set aside the regard due to one human life for the sake of saving another human life; Gen R. s. 94 כך עושין דוחיםוכ׳ is it thus one must act? dare you sacrifice one life ?Y.Snh.VIII, 26c top ד׳ את הספק to disregard the doubt the benefit of which is to be given to the criminal.Y.Shek.IV, 47d bot. דָּחִינוּ אותווכ׳ we postponed it (the fast) to the first day of the week; Meg.5b דְחִינוּהוּ; Erub.41a דְחִינֻהוּ.Pes.VI, 1 אלו דברים … דוחיןוכ׳ the following performances needed for the Passover offering take precedence of the Sabbath (cause a suspension of the Sabbath laws); a. v. fr.Part. pass. דָּחוּי a) pushed, hurried. M. Kat. 28a מיתה דְחוּיָה a hurried death.b) suspended, superseded. Yoma 7b, a. fr. טומאה דְּחוּיָה היאוכ׳ the law about levtical purity is only suspended for the sake of an entire community (and its suspension requires atonement), opp. טומאה הותרה the law is inoperative. Zeb.12a ד׳ מעיקרו unfit from the start, opp. נראה ונדחה, v. infra.Yeb.80b; Gitt.57a דוחה, v. דִּיהַּ. Nif. נִדְחֶה to be pushed aside, suspended; to give way. Meg.5b הואיל ונ׳ יִדָּחֶה the fast being once suspended (on account of the Sabbath), let it remain so (and not be taken up on Sunday). Pes.66a איש נ׳ … ואין צבור נִידָּחִין an individual (if unclean on Passover) is suspended (postpones the celebration) until the second Passover (Num. 9:10 sq.), but not a community. Yoma 64a נעלי חיים אינן נידחין animals (dedicated for sacrifices) cannot be removed forever from sacred use (as long as the obstacle lies not in their physical unfitness). Ib. נראה ונ׳ once fit and then discarded (on account of a temporary unfitness).Ber.64a כל הנ׳ … שעה נִדֶּחֶת מפניו to him who gives way to time (yielding patiently to circumstances), time will give way, v. דָּחַק. Hif. הִדְחָה 1) to remove hurriedly. M. Kat. 22a מדְחֶה מיטתו he who is anxious to remove the bier of a relative (hurries the burial). 2) to thrust. Arakh.30b אַדְחֶה אבן אחדוכ׳ Rashi (ed. אידחה, corrupt. of אֲיַדֶּה; Ar. דְּחֵה imperat. Kal) I will throw a stone after the fallen man (not give the sinner a chance to return). Naz.16b מדחין בה Ar., read with ed. כדהוינן בה. Tosef.Toh.VIII, 8 המדחה, v. יָּחַס. -
68 דָּחָא
דחי, דָּחָא, דָּחָה(b. h. דָּחָה) 1) to push away, thrust. Tosef. Yoma IV (III), 14 דְּחָאוֹ ולא מת; Y. ib. VI, 43a bot. דְּחָייוֹ if the man thrust the goat down the precipice, and it did not die. Snh.107b, a. e. תהא שמאל דּוֹחָהוכ׳ let the left hand repel them and the right invite; a. fr.Transf. ד׳ בקש, or בקנה to dismiss with a vague or paltry reply. Ḥull.27b. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Num. R. s. 19; a. fr. 2) to expel. Tosef.Dem.III, 4; Bekh.31a; Y.Dem.II, 23a top, v. חֲבֵירוּת. 3) to suspend, make inoperative, supersede. Ohol. VII, 6 אין דּוֹחִין נפש מפניוכ׳ we dare not set aside the regard due to one human life for the sake of saving another human life; Gen R. s. 94 כך עושין דוחיםוכ׳ is it thus one must act? dare you sacrifice one life ?Y.Snh.VIII, 26c top ד׳ את הספק to disregard the doubt the benefit of which is to be given to the criminal.Y.Shek.IV, 47d bot. דָּחִינוּ אותווכ׳ we postponed it (the fast) to the first day of the week; Meg.5b דְחִינוּהוּ; Erub.41a דְחִינֻהוּ.Pes.VI, 1 אלו דברים … דוחיןוכ׳ the following performances needed for the Passover offering take precedence of the Sabbath (cause a suspension of the Sabbath laws); a. v. fr.Part. pass. דָּחוּי a) pushed, hurried. M. Kat. 28a מיתה דְחוּיָה a hurried death.b) suspended, superseded. Yoma 7b, a. fr. טומאה דְּחוּיָה היאוכ׳ the law about levtical purity is only suspended for the sake of an entire community (and its suspension requires atonement), opp. טומאה הותרה the law is inoperative. Zeb.12a ד׳ מעיקרו unfit from the start, opp. נראה ונדחה, v. infra.Yeb.80b; Gitt.57a דוחה, v. דִּיהַּ. Nif. נִדְחֶה to be pushed aside, suspended; to give way. Meg.5b הואיל ונ׳ יִדָּחֶה the fast being once suspended (on account of the Sabbath), let it remain so (and not be taken up on Sunday). Pes.66a איש נ׳ … ואין צבור נִידָּחִין an individual (if unclean on Passover) is suspended (postpones the celebration) until the second Passover (Num. 9:10 sq.), but not a community. Yoma 64a נעלי חיים אינן נידחין animals (dedicated for sacrifices) cannot be removed forever from sacred use (as long as the obstacle lies not in their physical unfitness). Ib. נראה ונ׳ once fit and then discarded (on account of a temporary unfitness).Ber.64a כל הנ׳ … שעה נִדֶּחֶת מפניו to him who gives way to time (yielding patiently to circumstances), time will give way, v. דָּחַק. Hif. הִדְחָה 1) to remove hurriedly. M. Kat. 22a מדְחֶה מיטתו he who is anxious to remove the bier of a relative (hurries the burial). 2) to thrust. Arakh.30b אַדְחֶה אבן אחדוכ׳ Rashi (ed. אידחה, corrupt. of אֲיַדֶּה; Ar. דְּחֵה imperat. Kal) I will throw a stone after the fallen man (not give the sinner a chance to return). Naz.16b מדחין בה Ar., read with ed. כדהוינן בה. Tosef.Toh.VIII, 8 המדחה, v. יָּחַס. -
69 דָּחָה
דחי, דָּחָא, דָּחָה(b. h. דָּחָה) 1) to push away, thrust. Tosef. Yoma IV (III), 14 דְּחָאוֹ ולא מת; Y. ib. VI, 43a bot. דְּחָייוֹ if the man thrust the goat down the precipice, and it did not die. Snh.107b, a. e. תהא שמאל דּוֹחָהוכ׳ let the left hand repel them and the right invite; a. fr.Transf. ד׳ בקש, or בקנה to dismiss with a vague or paltry reply. Ḥull.27b. Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8; Num. R. s. 19; a. fr. 2) to expel. Tosef.Dem.III, 4; Bekh.31a; Y.Dem.II, 23a top, v. חֲבֵירוּת. 3) to suspend, make inoperative, supersede. Ohol. VII, 6 אין דּוֹחִין נפש מפניוכ׳ we dare not set aside the regard due to one human life for the sake of saving another human life; Gen R. s. 94 כך עושין דוחיםוכ׳ is it thus one must act? dare you sacrifice one life ?Y.Snh.VIII, 26c top ד׳ את הספק to disregard the doubt the benefit of which is to be given to the criminal.Y.Shek.IV, 47d bot. דָּחִינוּ אותווכ׳ we postponed it (the fast) to the first day of the week; Meg.5b דְחִינוּהוּ; Erub.41a דְחִינֻהוּ.Pes.VI, 1 אלו דברים … דוחיןוכ׳ the following performances needed for the Passover offering take precedence of the Sabbath (cause a suspension of the Sabbath laws); a. v. fr.Part. pass. דָּחוּי a) pushed, hurried. M. Kat. 28a מיתה דְחוּיָה a hurried death.b) suspended, superseded. Yoma 7b, a. fr. טומאה דְּחוּיָה היאוכ׳ the law about levtical purity is only suspended for the sake of an entire community (and its suspension requires atonement), opp. טומאה הותרה the law is inoperative. Zeb.12a ד׳ מעיקרו unfit from the start, opp. נראה ונדחה, v. infra.Yeb.80b; Gitt.57a דוחה, v. דִּיהַּ. Nif. נִדְחֶה to be pushed aside, suspended; to give way. Meg.5b הואיל ונ׳ יִדָּחֶה the fast being once suspended (on account of the Sabbath), let it remain so (and not be taken up on Sunday). Pes.66a איש נ׳ … ואין צבור נִידָּחִין an individual (if unclean on Passover) is suspended (postpones the celebration) until the second Passover (Num. 9:10 sq.), but not a community. Yoma 64a נעלי חיים אינן נידחין animals (dedicated for sacrifices) cannot be removed forever from sacred use (as long as the obstacle lies not in their physical unfitness). Ib. נראה ונ׳ once fit and then discarded (on account of a temporary unfitness).Ber.64a כל הנ׳ … שעה נִדֶּחֶת מפניו to him who gives way to time (yielding patiently to circumstances), time will give way, v. דָּחַק. Hif. הִדְחָה 1) to remove hurriedly. M. Kat. 22a מדְחֶה מיטתו he who is anxious to remove the bier of a relative (hurries the burial). 2) to thrust. Arakh.30b אַדְחֶה אבן אחדוכ׳ Rashi (ed. אידחה, corrupt. of אֲיַדֶּה; Ar. דְּחֵה imperat. Kal) I will throw a stone after the fallen man (not give the sinner a chance to return). Naz.16b מדחין בה Ar., read with ed. כדהוינן בה. Tosef.Toh.VIII, 8 המדחה, v. יָּחַס. -
70 drängen
I v/t1. (schieben) push, shove; jemanden zur Seite drängen push s.o. aside ( oder out of the way); Defensive, Ecke, Hintergrund2. (dringend bitten, auffordern) press (zu + Inf. into + Ger.); stärker: urge (to + Inf.); (unter Druck setzen) pressurize, bes. Am. pressure (into + Ger.); (zur Eile antreiben) rush; ich lasse mich nicht drängen I’m not going to let anyone ( oder them etc.) rush me; ich möchte Sie nicht drängen I don’t mean to put pressure on you3. es drängte mich zu (+ Inf.) unwiderstehlich: I felt ( oder had) the urge to (+ Inf.) zu danken etc.: I felt I ought to ( oder had to) (+ Inf.) Notwendigkeit: I felt compelled to (+ Inf.) Verpflichtung: I felt obliged to (+ Inf.)II v/i1. push (and shove); nach vorn drängen push one’s way forward ( oder to the front); zum Eingang drängen Menge: push its oder their way ( oder crowd) toward(s) the entrance; alles drängte ins Freie everyone wanted to get out into the open; alles drängt nach München / zum Stadion everyone seems to be moving to Munich / to be converging on oder making their way to the stadium; drängen in (+ Akk) (einen Beruf etc.) flood into3. drängen auf (+ Akk) press for; darauf drängen, dass jemand etw. tut press (for) s.o. to do s.th.; darauf drängen, dass etw. getan wird press for s.th. to be done; darauf drängen, dass sich jemand entscheidet press (for) s.o. to make a decision, press s.o. for a decision4. jemanden zum Aufbruch / zur Eile drängen insist that s.o. should leave / hurry, urge s.o. to leave / hurryIII v/refl1. push (and shove); siehe auch II 1; Menge: sich um jemanden drängen crowd (a)round s.o.; die Leute drängen sich auf den Straßen people are crowding the streets, the streets are teeming with people; gedrängt2. fig.: sich drängen nach... be keen on...; die Leute drängen sich danach, bei uns zu arbeiten people are queuing (Am. lining) up to work for us* * *das Drängenurgency* * *Drạ̈n|gennt -s, no plurging; (= Bitten) requests pl; (= Bestehen) insistence* * *1) (to push, press etc together: We (were) all crushed into the tiny room.) crush2) (to make (someone) act quickly: Don't try to hustle me into making a sudden decision.) hustle3) (to urge or hurry: He pressed her to enter the competition.) press4) (to try to make (someone) do something; to urge on, especially foolishly: She pushed him into applying for the job.) push5) (to try to persuade or request earnestly (someone to do something): He urged her to drive carefully; `Come with me,' he urged.) urge* * *Drän·gen<-s>[ˈdrɛŋən]nt kein pl pleading, begging, beseeching formschließlich gab er ihrem \Drängen nach he finally gave in to her* * *1.intransitives Verb1) (schieben) pushdie Menge drängte zum Ausgang — the crowd pressed towards the exit
2)auf etwas (Akk.) drängen — press for something
zum Aufbruch drängen — insist that it is/was time to leave
2.zur Eile drängen — hurry us/them etc. up
transitives Verb1) push2) (antreiben) press; urge3.sich in den Vordergrund drängen — (fig.) make oneself the centre of attention
* * *A. v/t1. (schieben) push, shove;2. (dringend bitten, auffordern) press (zu +inf into +ger); stärker: urge (to +inf); (unter Druck setzen) pressurize, besonders US pressure (into +ger); (zur Eile antreiben) rush;ich möchte Sie nicht drängen I don’t mean to put pressure on you3.es drängte mich zu (+inf) unwiderstehlich: I felt ( oder had) the urge to (+inf) zu danken etc: I felt I ought to ( oder had to) (+inf) Notwendigkeit: I felt compelled to (+inf) Verpflichtung: I felt obliged to (+inf)B. v/i1. push (and shove);alles drängte ins Freie everyone wanted to get out into the open;alles drängt nach München/zum Stadion everyone seems to be moving to Munich/to be converging on oder making their way to the stadium;drängen in (+akk) (einen Beruf etc) flood into2. (eilig sein) be urgent;die Zeit drängt time’s running out ( oder pressing)3.drängen auf (+akk) press for;darauf drängen, dass jemand etwas tut press (for) sb to do sth;darauf drängen, dass etwas getan wird press for sth to be done;darauf drängen, dass sich jemand entscheidet press (for) sb to make a decision, press sb for a decision4.jemanden zum Aufbruch/zur Eile drängen insist that sb should leave/hurry, urge sb to leave/hurryC. v/rsich um jemanden drängen crowd (a)round sb;die Leute drängen sich auf den Straßen people are crowding the streets, the streets are teeming with people; → gedrängt2. fig:sich drängen nach … be keen on …;* * *1.intransitives Verb1) (schieben) push2)auf etwas (Akk.) drängen — press for something
zum Aufbruch drängen — insist that it is/was time to leave
2.zur Eile drängen — hurry us/them etc. up
transitives Verb1) push2) (antreiben) press; urge3.sich in den Vordergrund drängen — (fig.) make oneself the centre of attention
* * *v.to edge (on) v.to hustle v.to press v.to push v.to rush v.to urge v. -
71 arrugar
v.1 to crease, to crumple (ropa, papel).2 to wrinkle, to ball up, to crease, to crease up.La maleta arrugó mis camisas The suitcase wrinkled my shirts.El sol arrugó a Ricardo The sun wrinkled Richard.3 to pucker, to pucker one's.* * *2 familiar (acobardarse) to get the wind up\arrugar el ceño/entrecejo to frown* * *1.VT [+ cara] to wrinkle, line; [+ ceño] to knit; [+ papel] to crumple, screw up; [+ ropa] to ruck up, crumplearrugar el entrecejo — to knit one's brow, frown
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo < piel> to wrinkle; < tela> to wrinkle (AmE), to crease (BrE); papel to crumple; < ceño> to knit; < nariz> to wrinkle; < cara> to screw up2.arrugó el entrecejo — he frowned, he knitted his brow
arrugarse v pron1)a) persona/piel to become wrinkledb) ( por acción del agua) piel/manos to shrivel up, go wrinkled2)a) (fam) ( achicarse) to be daunted o frightenedb) (Chi fam) ( inmutarse)* * *= crumple, wrinkle, crease, wizen.Ex. There is a tendency for smaller items to be pushed to the back of the drawer and possibly crumpled as the drawer is opened and closed = Lo normal es que las cosas más pequeñas se vayan desplazando hacia la parte trasera del cajón y que posiblemente se arrugen al abrir y cerrarlo.Ex. Wrinkling or creasing of the wax sheet must be avoided = Se debe evitar arrugar la hoja encerada.Ex. 'Much as I hate to admit it,' she added, her face creasing in a knowing smile, 'some of my best friends are librarians, and I can't get over how they tear their colleagues to shreds when they're together' = "Siento mucho admitirlo", ella añadió mientras su cara se arrugaba dibujándose en ella una sonrisa de complicidad, "algunos de mis mejores amigos son bibliotecarios y no puedo entender cómo critican a otros colegas suyos cuando se jutan".Ex. Since then the sands of time have taken their toll, making my face all leathery, wizening my gaze.----* arrugar los labios = screw + lips.* arrugarse = cockle, crinkle, shrivel up, shrivel.* * *1.verbo transitivo < piel> to wrinkle; < tela> to wrinkle (AmE), to crease (BrE); papel to crumple; < ceño> to knit; < nariz> to wrinkle; < cara> to screw up2.arrugó el entrecejo — he frowned, he knitted his brow
arrugarse v pron1)a) persona/piel to become wrinkledb) ( por acción del agua) piel/manos to shrivel up, go wrinkled2)a) (fam) ( achicarse) to be daunted o frightenedb) (Chi fam) ( inmutarse)* * *= crumple, wrinkle, crease, wizen.Ex: There is a tendency for smaller items to be pushed to the back of the drawer and possibly crumpled as the drawer is opened and closed = Lo normal es que las cosas más pequeñas se vayan desplazando hacia la parte trasera del cajón y que posiblemente se arrugen al abrir y cerrarlo.
Ex: Wrinkling or creasing of the wax sheet must be avoided = Se debe evitar arrugar la hoja encerada.Ex: 'Much as I hate to admit it,' she added, her face creasing in a knowing smile, 'some of my best friends are librarians, and I can't get over how they tear their colleagues to shreds when they're together' = "Siento mucho admitirlo", ella añadió mientras su cara se arrugaba dibujándose en ella una sonrisa de complicidad, "algunos de mis mejores amigos son bibliotecarios y no puedo entender cómo critican a otros colegas suyos cuando se jutan".Ex: Since then the sands of time have taken their toll, making my face all leathery, wizening my gaze.* arrugar los labios = screw + lips.* arrugarse = cockle, crinkle, shrivel up, shrivel.* * *arrugar [A3 ]vt1 ‹piel› to wrinklearrugó el sobre y lo tiró she crumpled o ( BrE) screwed up the envelope and threw it away3 ‹ceño/entrecejo› to knit; ‹nariz› to wrinkle; ‹cara› to screw uparrugó el entrecejo he frowned, he knitted his browA1 «persona» to grow o become wrinkled; «cara/manos» to become wrinkled o lined2 (por acción del agua) «piel/manos» to shrivel up, go wrinkledestas sábanas no se arrugan these sheets don't wrinkle o creaseB1 ( fam) (achicarse) to be daunted o frightenedno se arruga ante los problemas she isn't daunted by problems2le gritan y ni se arruga they shout at him and he doesn't bat an eyelid ( colloq)* * *
arrugar ( conjugate arrugar) verbo transitivo ‹ piel› to wrinkle;
‹ tela› to wrinkle (AmE), to crease (BrE);
‹ papel› to crumple;
‹ ceño› to knit;
‹ nariz› to wrinkle;
‹ cara› to screw up;
arrugarse verbo pronominal
[ papel] to crumple
arrugar vtr (la cara) to wrinkle
(la tela) to crease
(un papel) to crumple (up)
' arrugar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
frente
English:
crease
- crinkle
- crumple
- crush
- pucker
- rumple
- screw up
- shrivel
- wrinkle
- ruffle
- screw
* * *♦ vt1. [ropa, papel] to crease, to crumple2. [piel] to wrinkle3.arrugar el ceño to frown* * *v/t wrinkle;la frente frown* * *arrugar {52} vt: to wrinkle, to crease, to pucker* * *arrugar vb1. (ropa) to crease2. (papel) to crumple3. (piel) to wrinkle -
72 sortie
sortie [sɔʀti]1. feminine nouna. ( = action, moment) [de personne] exit ; [de véhicule, bateau] departure ; (Military) ( = mission) sortie ; (Theatre) exit• à sa sortie, tous se sont tus when he went out everybody fell silent• les sauveteurs ont fait 30 sorties en mer cette semaine the lifeboatmen were called out 30 times this week• à la sortie des bureaux/théâtres when the offices/theatres come out• sa mère l'attend tous les jours à la sortie de l'école his mother waits for him every day after school• à sa sortie de prison when he comes (or came) out of prisonb. ( = fin) endc. ( = promenade) outing ; (le soir: au théâtre, au cinéma etc) evening out• il est de sortie [soldat, domestique] it's his day off• sortie éducative or scolaire (School) field tripd. ( = lieu) exit• « sortie de camions » "vehicle exit"• par ici la sortie ! this way out!e. ( = remarque drôle) sally ; ( = remarque incongrue) peculiar remarkf. ( = mise en vente) [de voiture, modèle] launching ; [de livre] publication ; [de disque, film] releaseg. [de marchandises, devises] exporth. ( = somme dépensée) item of expenditure• faire une sortie [gardien de but] to come out of goal2. compounds* * *sɔʀti1) ( lieu) exitprenez la première sortie — ( sur une route) take the first exit
‘sortie’ — ( sur un panneau) ‘exit’, ‘way out’ GB
à la sortie de la ville — ( extra-muros) on the outskirts of the town; ( intra-muros) on the edge of the town
2) ( moment)à ma sortie du tribunal/de l'armée — when I left the court/the army
sa femme l'attendait à sa sortie de prison — his wife was waiting for him when he came out of prison
l'heure de la sortie — École home time; ( du travail) knocking-off (colloq) time
3) ( départ)faire une sortie fracassante — [personne] to make a dramatic exit
4) ( activité) gén outingce soir, c'est mon soir de sortie — tonight is my night out
5) ( commercialisation) ( de nouveau modèle) launching [U]; (de film, disque) release; ( de livre) publication; ( de collection) showing; ( de nouveau journal) publication6) (colloq) ( déclaration) remark7) Électrotechnique, Informatique outputsortie sur imprimante — ( processus) printing
sortie laser — ( processus) hardcopy laser output; ( feuille imprimée) laser hardcopy
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *sɔʀti nf1) (= issue) way out, exit"sortie de camions" — "vehicle exit"
à sa sortie, elle... — as she left, she...
à sa sortie, il... — as she left, he...
à la sortie de l'école/l'usine (moment) — after school/work, when school/the factory comes out
Attends-moi à la sortie de l'école. — Meet me after school., (lieu) at the school/factory gates
faire une fausse sortie lit, fig — to make a stage exit
3) [gaz, eau] outlet4) (= promenade) outing, (le soir) night out5) MILITAIRE sortie6) fig (verbale: colère, indignation) outburst, (= trait d'esprit) sally, (parole incongrue) odd remarkÀ la sortie du nouveau modèle, les commandes ont afflué. — When the new model came out, orders poured in for it.
8) [capitaux] outflow9) COMMERCE (= somme) item of expendituredes sorties — items of expenditure, outgoings
10) INFORMATIQUE, [données] output11) [imprimante] hard copy, printout* * *sortie nf1 ( lieu) exit; la sortie est à gauche the exit is to the left; je t'attendrai à la sortie I'll wait for you outside (the building); prenez la première sortie ( sur une route) take the first exit; ‘sortie’ ( sur un panneau) ‘exit’, ‘way out’ GB; trouver la sortie ( de l'intérieur) to find one's way out; la sortie est indiquée par une flèche the exit ou way out GB is shown by an arrow; raccompagner qn jusqu'à la sortie to see sb out; à la sortie de la ville ( extra-muros) on the outskirts of the town; ( intra-muros) on the edge of the town; à la sortie ouest de la ville on the western edge of the town; les sorties de Paris sont encombrées the roads out of Paris are busy; surveiller la sortie des écoles to patrol the school gates; à la sortie du canal de Suez at the mouth of the Suez canal;2 ( moment) à ma sortie du tribunal/de l'armée/de la réunion when I left the court/the army/the meeting; sa femme l'attendait à sa sortie de prison his wife was waiting for him when he came out of prison; depuis ma sortie de prison since I came out of prison; à leur sortie d'hôpital when they came out of hospital; prendre ses enfants à la sortie de l'école to pick the children up after school; se retrouver à la sortie de l'école/du théâtre to meet after school/the play; mendier à la sortie des cinémas/églises to beg outside cinemas/churches; être arrêté à sa sortie du territoire to be arrested as one is leaving the country; six mois après leur sortie de l'université six months after they left college; à la sortie de l'hiver at the end of winter; sortie des usines/bureaux/magasins knocking-off○ time; à la sortie des usines/bureaux/magasins when the factories/offices/shops GB ou stores US turn out GB ou lock up US; l'heure de la sortie Scol home time; Entr knocking-off○ time;3 ( départ) faire une sortie fracassante/remarquée [personne] to make a sensational/conspicuous exit; je suis las de tes entrées et sorties continuelles I'm tired of your constant comings and goings; sortie d'un navire departure of a boat; la sortie de la récession/crise the end of the recession/crisis; la sortie de la livre hors du SME the withdrawal of the pound from the ERM; la sortie des Républiques hors de l'union the republics' withdrawal from the union; le droit à la libre sortie du territoire the right to travel freely abroad; être interdit de sortie (du territoire) to be forbidden to leave the country; jusqu'à la sortie du ventre maternel until the moment of birth;4 ( activité) gén outing; économiser sur les sorties to cut down on outings; faire une sortie to go on an outing; être de sortie○ [élèves] to be on an outing; faire une sortie avec l'école to go on a school outing; sortie à la campagne outing to the country; ce soir, c'est mon soir de sortie tonight is my evening out; le samedi est mon jour de sortie Saturday is my day out; c'est la sortie du samedi soir it's Saturday night out; priver qn de sortie to forbid sb to go out; première sortie d'un convalescent a convalescent's first time out; le patron est de sortie○ the boss is out; première sortie en coupe du monde Sport first game in the world cup;5 ( commercialisation) ( de nouveau modèle) launching ¢; (de film, disque) release; ( de livre) publication; ( de collection) presentation; ( de nouveau journal) publication; le film/livre a été interdit dès sa sortie the film/book was banned as soon as it came out; lors de la sortie parisienne du film when the film was released in Paris; la sortie du journal est à six heures the newspaper comes out at six o'clock; le numéro a été entièrement vendu dès sa sortie the issue sold out as soon as it went on sale;6 ○( déclaration) remark; faire une sortie désagréable to make a nasty remark;7 Électron, Électrotech, Ordinat output; données de sortie output data; puissance de sortie output power; signal de sortie output signal; sortie sur imprimante ( processus) printing; faire une sortie sur imprimante to print; sortie laser ( processus) hardcopy laser output; ( feuille imprimée) laser hardcopy;9 Théât ( d'acteur) sortie (de scène) exit; il a été applaudi à sa sortie (de scène) he was applauded as he left the stage; rater○ sa sortie to fluff○ one's exit; ⇒ faux;13 Écon ( de marchandises) export;14 Tech ( orifice) outlet; sortie des gaz d'échappement ( processus) discharge of exhaust gases; sortie des eaux usées ( emplacement) sewage outfall; ( processus) discharge of sewage.sortie des artistes Théât stage-door; sortie d'autoroute exit; sortie de bain Mode bathrobe; être en sortie de bain to be wearing a bathrobe; sortie de but ( au football) goal-kick; sortie en corner corner; ‘sortie d'école’ ( sur un panneau) ‘school’; sortie éducative field trip; sortie dans l'espace spacewalk; faire une sortie dans l'espace to walk in space; sortie de mêlée ( au rugby) heel-out; sortie scolaire ( d'un jour) school outing; ( de plus d'un jour) school trip; sortie en touche ( au football) throw-in; sortie (en touche) pour Pau Pau throw-in; ‘sortie de véhicules’ ( sur un panneau) ‘vehicle exit’.je t'attends or tu vas voir à la sortie○! I'll get you outside![sɔrti] nom féminin1. [action] exitsa sortie fut très remarquée her exit ou departure did not go unnoticed2. [moment]à ma sortie de prison/d'hôpital when I come (ou came) out of prison/hospital, on my release from prison/discharge from hospitalles journalistes l'ont assaillie dès sa sortie de l'hôtel the journalists thronged round her as soon as she stepped ou came out of the hotelà la sortie des bureaux/usines, la circulation est infernale when the offices/factories come out, the traffic is hellretrouvons-nous à la sortie du travail/spectacle let's meet after work/the showil s'est retourné à la sortie du virage he rolled (his car) over just after ou as he came out of the bend3. [fin] endà ma sortie de l'école [à la fin de mes études] when I left school4. [excursion, promenade] outing[soirée en ville] evening ou night outon a organisé une petite sortie en famille/à vélo we've organized a little family outing/cycle ridesortie éducative ou scolaire school outingles pompiers font jusqu'à vingt sorties par semaine the firemen are called out up to twenty times a weekpar ici la sortie! this way out, please!‘attention, sortie de garage/véhicules’ ‘caution, garage entrance/vehicle exit’7. [sur route] exit[de capital] outflow[sujet de dépense] item of expenditure[dépense] outgoing9. [d'un disque, d'un film] release[d'un roman] publication[d'un modèle] launch[option sur programme] exit11. SPORT [aux jeux de ballon]sortie en touche going out of play ou into touchfaire une sortie [gardien de but] to come out of goal, to leave the goalmouth[en gymnastique] exit12. [d'un cheval] outing[emportement] outburst15. IMPRIMERIE [des presses] delivery————————de sortie locution adjectivalec'est son jour de sortie [d'un domestique] it's his/her day offêtre de sortie [domestique] to have one's day off -
73 Drängen
I v/t1. (schieben) push, shove; jemanden zur Seite drängen push s.o. aside ( oder out of the way); Defensive, Ecke, Hintergrund2. (dringend bitten, auffordern) press (zu + Inf. into + Ger.); stärker: urge (to + Inf.); (unter Druck setzen) pressurize, bes. Am. pressure (into + Ger.); (zur Eile antreiben) rush; ich lasse mich nicht drängen I’m not going to let anyone ( oder them etc.) rush me; ich möchte Sie nicht drängen I don’t mean to put pressure on you3. es drängte mich zu (+ Inf.) unwiderstehlich: I felt ( oder had) the urge to (+ Inf.) zu danken etc.: I felt I ought to ( oder had to) (+ Inf.) Notwendigkeit: I felt compelled to (+ Inf.) Verpflichtung: I felt obliged to (+ Inf.)II v/i1. push (and shove); nach vorn drängen push one’s way forward ( oder to the front); zum Eingang drängen Menge: push its oder their way ( oder crowd) toward(s) the entrance; alles drängte ins Freie everyone wanted to get out into the open; alles drängt nach München / zum Stadion everyone seems to be moving to Munich / to be converging on oder making their way to the stadium; drängen in (+ Akk) (einen Beruf etc.) flood into3. drängen auf (+ Akk) press for; darauf drängen, dass jemand etw. tut press (for) s.o. to do s.th.; darauf drängen, dass etw. getan wird press for s.th. to be done; darauf drängen, dass sich jemand entscheidet press (for) s.o. to make a decision, press s.o. for a decision4. jemanden zum Aufbruch / zur Eile drängen insist that s.o. should leave / hurry, urge s.o. to leave / hurryIII v/refl1. push (and shove); siehe auch II 1; Menge: sich um jemanden drängen crowd (a)round s.o.; die Leute drängen sich auf den Straßen people are crowding the streets, the streets are teeming with people; gedrängt2. fig.: sich drängen nach... be keen on...; die Leute drängen sich danach, bei uns zu arbeiten people are queuing (Am. lining) up to work for us* * *das Drängenurgency* * *Drạ̈n|gennt -s, no plurging; (= Bitten) requests pl; (= Bestehen) insistence* * *1) (to push, press etc together: We (were) all crushed into the tiny room.) crush2) (to make (someone) act quickly: Don't try to hustle me into making a sudden decision.) hustle3) (to urge or hurry: He pressed her to enter the competition.) press4) (to try to make (someone) do something; to urge on, especially foolishly: She pushed him into applying for the job.) push5) (to try to persuade or request earnestly (someone to do something): He urged her to drive carefully; `Come with me,' he urged.) urge* * *Drän·gen<-s>[ˈdrɛŋən]nt kein pl pleading, begging, beseeching formschließlich gab er ihrem \Drängen nach he finally gave in to her* * *1.intransitives Verb1) (schieben) pushdie Menge drängte zum Ausgang — the crowd pressed towards the exit
2)zum Aufbruch drängen — insist that it is/was time to leave
2.zur Eile drängen — hurry us/them etc. up
transitives Verb1) push2) (antreiben) press; urge3.sich in den Vordergrund drängen — (fig.) make oneself the centre of attention
* * *1. pushing and shoving* * *1.intransitives Verb1) (schieben) push2)auf etwas (Akk.) drängen — press for something
zum Aufbruch drängen — insist that it is/was time to leave
2.zur Eile drängen — hurry us/them etc. up
transitives Verb1) push2) (antreiben) press; urge3.sich in den Vordergrund drängen — (fig.) make oneself the centre of attention
* * *v.to edge (on) v.to hustle v.to press v.to push v.to rush v.to urge v. -
74 nos
pron.1 us.le gustaría vernos she'd like to see usnos atracaron en plena calle we were attacked in the middle of the street2 (to) us.nos lo dio he gave it to usnos tiene miedo he's afraid of us3 ourselves.nos vestimos we get dressednos pusimos los abrigos y salimos we put our coats on and leftse nos olvidó we forgot4 each other.nos enamoramos we fell in love (with each other)nos concedimos una segunda oportunidad we gave ourselves a second chancem.pl.negatives.* * *1 (complemento) us2 (uso reflexivo) ourselves3 (uso recíproco) each other* * *pron.1) us2) ourselves3) to us, for us, from us4) each other* * *PRON PERS PL1) [directo] us2) [indirecto] usnos lo compró — [de nosotros] he bought it from us; [para nosotros] he bought it for us
3) [reflexivo] ourselves4) [mutuo] each other* * *pronombre personala) (como complemento directo, indirecto) us¿nos explicas cómo se hace? — can you tell us o explain to us how it's done?
nos lo quitó — she took it off us o away from us
b) (refl) ourselvesnos vamos a hacer socios del club — we're going to become members of o join the club
c) (recípr)* * *----* ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.* nos gusten o no = like them or not.* nos guste o no = like it or not.* * *pronombre personala) (como complemento directo, indirecto) us¿nos explicas cómo se hace? — can you tell us o explain to us how it's done?
nos lo quitó — she took it off us o away from us
b) (refl) ourselvesnos vamos a hacer socios del club — we're going to become members of o join the club
c) (recípr)* * ** ¡Dios nos libre! = heaven forbid, God forbid.* nos gusten o no = like them or not.* nos guste o no = like it or not.* * *A1 (como complemento directo, indirecto) usnos ayudaron mucho they helped us a lotescúchanos listen to usnos han robado el coche our car's been stolen, we've had our car stolen¿nos explicas cómo se hace? can you tell us o explain (to us) how it's done?nos lo trajeron ayer they brought it yesterdaynos lo quitó she took it off us o away from usa nosotros no nos dijo nada she didn't say anything to usa Pablo y a mí nos trató muy bien he treated Pablo and me very wellse nos quedó el coche a mitad de camino our car broke down halfway thereque no se nos vaya a echar atrás ahora I hope she isn't going to back out on us nowel día del picnic nos llovió/hizo mal tiempo on the day of the picnic it rained (on us)/the weather was bad o we had bad weather2 ( refl) ourselvesnos hicimos daño we hurt ourselvessentémonos let's sit downnos vamos a hacer socios del club we're going to become members of o join the club3 ( recípr):ella y yo nos conocemos desde hace años she and I have known each other for yearsB (como sujeto) ( arc); wenos, los representantes del pueblo we, the representatives of the people* * *
nos pron persa) (como complemento directo, indirecto) us;
escúchanos listen to us;
nos han robado el coche our car's been stolen
sentémonos let's sit downc) ( recípr):
nos pron pers
1 us: nos ayuda, she helps us
nos echó una bronca, he told us off
no nos lo dijo, he didn't tell us
2 (reflexivo) ourselves: no nos hemos portado bien, we haven't behaved ourselves
nos apuntamos al curso, we registered for the course
3 (recíproco) each other: nos conocemos desde hace tiempo, we have known each other for a long time
' nos' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abatir
- abonarse
- abrigo
- acabarse
- accidente
- achantar
- achuchar
- acoger
- acontecer
- actual
- afectar
- ahorrar
- alentador
- alentadora
- alertar
- andanzas
- año
- anonadada
- anonadado
- antojarse
- apartarse
- asesinar
- aterrizar
- atracón
- auspiciar
- aviso
- bailar
- baño
- boca
- brear
- brete
- brillantez
- buena
- bueno
- caber
- cada
- calendario
- calor
- cámping
- cantero
- canto
- cara
- caro
- casarse
- cercado
- charla
- cielo
- clavar
- comistrajo
- cómo
English:
accustom
- acquaint
- actual
- afford
- appreciate
- arms race
- army
- assemble
- asset
- avail
- await
- beat
- beat down
- bid
- buckle up
- bumpy
- call
- catch up
- clear
- climbing
- compel
- cook
- creepy
- daily
- dark
- delay
- dilemma
- disheveled
- dishevelled
- do for
- dour
- down
- edge
- embarrassment
- favor
- favour
- fifty
- finalize
- find out
- first
- fog
- folding
- footpath
- forbidding
- freeze
- furnish
- galvanize
- gazump
- get
- go through
* * *nos pron personal1. (complemento directo) us;le gustaría vernos she'd like to see us;nos atracaron en plena calle we were attacked in the middle of the street;nos aprobaron a todos we all passed, they passed us all2. (complemento indirecto) (to) us;nos lo dio he gave it to us, he gave us it;nos tiene miedo he's afraid of us;[es para nosotros] she bought it for us;nos extrajeron sangre they took some of our blood;nos han quitado una maleta they've stolen one of our suitcases;nos hicieron quitarnos la ropa they made us take off our clothes;nos pegaron un empujón someone pushed us, we were pushed;se nos olvidó we forgot;nos será de gran ayuda it will be a great help to us3. (reflexivo) ourselves;nos servimos un whisky we poured ourselves a whisky;nos vestimos we get dressed;nos hacíamos llamar “los cinco magníficos” we called ourselves “the magnificent five”;nos pusimos los abrigos y salimos we put our coats on and left;nos acostamos en la cama we lay down on the bed4. (recíproco) each other;nos enamoramos we fell in love (with each other);nos concedimos una segunda oportunidad we gave ourselves a second chancenos lo comimos todo we ate the whole lot;no te nos eches a llorar ahora don't start crying on us now;Famtú descuida, que nosotros sabemos lo que nos hacemos don't you worry, we know what we're doing here7. [plural mayestático] we;nos estamos de acuerdo we agree* * *nos dio el dinero he gave us the money, he gave the money to usII reflexivo ourselves* * *nos pron1) : usnos enviaron a la frontera: they sent us to the border2) : ourselvesnos divertimos muchísimo: we enjoyed ourselves a great deal3) : each other, one anothernos vimos desde lejos: we saw each other from far away4) : to us, for us, from usnos lo dio: he gave it to usnos lo compraron: they bought it from us* * *nos pron1. (complemento) usnos llamó, pero no le hicimos caso he called us, but we ignored him2. (reflexivo) ourselves3. (uso recíproco) each other / one another -
75 प्रति _prati
प्रति ind.1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition).-2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c.-3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of.-4 As a separable preposi- tion (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop.-5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते.-6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [ Note:-- In the com- pounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.]-Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders.-अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās.-अग्नि ind. towards the fire.-अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v.-अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose.-2 a division, chapter, section.-3 every limb.-4 a weapon. (-ङ्गम्) ind.1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1.-2 for every subdivision.-3 in each case (in grammar).-अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch.-अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1.-2 repository.-अनन्तर a.1 being in immediate neigh- bourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्).-2 standing nearest (as an heir).-3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (-रम्) ind.1 immediately after.-2 next in succession.-रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R.-अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind.-अनीक a1 hostile, opposed, inimical.-2 resisting, opposing.-3 opposite.-4 equal, vying with. (-कः) an enemy.(-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām.-2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also).-3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1.-अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration.-अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion.-अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to, adjacent, bordering.(-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26.-2 a bordering country; especi- ally, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak.-अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh.-अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4.-अब्दम् ind. every year-अमित्र a. hostile. (-त्रः) an enemy. (-त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy.-अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent.-2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र.-3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।).-अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion.-अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved.-अवयवम् ind.1 in every limb.-2 in every particular, in detail.- अवर a.1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12.-2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19.-अश्मन् m. red chalk.-अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease.-अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6.-आकारः a scabbard, sheath.-आघातः 1 a counter-stroke.-2 reaction.-आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour.-आत्मम् ind. singly, severally.-आत्मक a. belonging to oneself.-आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself.-आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45.-आदित्यः a mock sun.-आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning.-2 pro- hibition.-आर्द्र a. fresh.-आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8.-2 trust, con- fidence.-आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12.-आस्वर 1 returning.-2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2.-आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5.-उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder.-उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14.-2 a bird resembling an owl.-ऋचम् ind. in each Rik.-एक a. each, each one, every single one. (-कम्) ind.1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31.-एनस् m.1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7.-2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety.-कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary.-2 a critic.-कण्ठम् ind.1 severally, one by one.-2 near the throat.-कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually.-कश a. not obeying the whip.-कष्ट a. comparatively bad.-कामिनी a female rival; Śi.-कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness.-2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28.-3 a target, butt, mark.-कितवः an opponent in a game.-कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant.-कूपः a moat, ditch.-कूल a.1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24.-2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45.-3 inauspicious.-4 contradictory.-5 reverse, inverted.-6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contra- diction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् dis- agreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.).-कूल ind.1 adversely, contrarily.-2 inversely, in inverted order.-कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose.-कूलिक a. hostile, inimical.-क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56.-क्षपम् ind. everynight.-गजः a hostile elephant-गात्रम् ind. in very limb.-गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain.-2 an inferior mountain.-गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house.-ग्रामम् ind. in every village.-चक्रम् a hostile army.-चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene.-चरणम् ind.1 in every (Vedic) school or branch.-2 at every foot-step.-छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45.-2 an image, picture.-जङ्घा the forepart of the leg.-जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate,-तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion.-तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः).-त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time.-दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient.-दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6.-दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, every- where.-दूतः a messenger sent in return.-देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7.-देशम् ind. in every country.-देहम् ind. in every body.-दैवतम् ind. for every deity.-द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival.-2 an enemy. (-द्वम्) opposition, hostility.-द्वन्द्विन् a.1 hostile, inimical.-2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29.-3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25.-द्वारम् ind. at every gate.-धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another.-नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson.-नव a.1 new, young, fresh.-2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38.-नाडी a branch-vein.-नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic com- position; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c.-नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45.-निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v.-न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15.-पक्ष a. like, similar.(-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S,-2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'.-3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5.-4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता1 hostility, opposition.-2 obstacle.-पक्षित a.1 containing a contradiction.-2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष.-पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary.-पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh.-प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76.-पदम् ind.1 at evry stop.-2 at every place, everywhere.-3 expressly.-4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2.-पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R.-पाणः 1 a stake.-2 a counter-pledge.-3 a counter-stake; Mb.3.-पादम् ind. in each quarter.-पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'.-पादपम् ind. in every tree.-पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil.-पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man.-2 a substitute, deputy.-3 a companion.-4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake).-5 an effigy in general. (-षम्) ind. man by man, for each man.-पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript.-पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon.-प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to.-प्रभातम् ind. every morning.-प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -- a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana.-2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45.-प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart.-प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56.-बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13.-बलः a.1 able, powerful.-2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful.(-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7.-2 strength.-बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm.-2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon).-बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18.-2 an image, a picture.-बीजम् a rotten seed.-भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5.(-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21.-2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1.-भय a.1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful.-2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (-यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5.-भैरव a. dreadful.-मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.)-मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21.-मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.).-2 an eccentric orbit.-मन्दिरम् ind. in every house.-मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22.-मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35.-माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22.-मार्गः the way back; Mb.4.-मार्गम् ind. back, back- wards.-माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी).-मासम् ind. every month, monthly.-मित्रम् an enemy, adversary.-मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291.-2 near, present. (-खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (-खम्) ind.1 towards.-2 in front, before.-मुखरी a particular mode of drumming.-मुद्रा 1 a counter- seal.-2 the impression of a seal.-मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment.-मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness.-मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी).-यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants.-रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2.-रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb.-रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4.-2 quarrel; controversy.-3 (Ved.) life (प्राण).-रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22.-राजः a hostile king.-रात्रम् ind. every night.-रूप a.1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9.-2 beautiful.-3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17.-4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्).(-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness.-2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28.-4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21.-रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1.(-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49.-2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52.-3 a reflec- tion.-लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token.-लिपिः f. a tran- script, a written copy.-लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28.-लोम a.1 'against the hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15.-2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband).-3 hostile.-4 low, vile, base.-5 left (वाम).-6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7.-7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (-मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (-मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25.-लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5.-कम् inverted order.-लोमतः ind.1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68.-2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39.-वत्सरम् ind. every year.-वनम् ind. in every forest.-वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding.-वर्धिन् a. being a match for.-वर्षम् ind. every year.-वस्तु n.1 an equivalent, a counter- part.-2 anything given in return.-3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48.-वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (-तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33.-वारणः a hostile elephant.-वासरम् ind. every day.-विटपम् ind.1 on every branch.-2 branch by branch.-विषम् an anti- dote. (-षा) a birch tree.-विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree.-वीरः an opponent, antagonist.-वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for.-वृषः a hostile bull.-वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion.-वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood.-2 a neighbour.-वेशिन् a. a neigh- bour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14.-वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house.-वेश्यः a neighbour.-वैरम् re- quital of hostilities revenge.-शब्दः 1 echo, reverbera- tion; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28.-2 a roar.-शशिन् m. a mock-moon.-शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda).-शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21.-संवत्सरम् ind. every year.-सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh.-संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1.-सम a. equal to, a match for.-सव्य a. in an inverted order.-सामन्तः an enemy.-सायम् ind. every evening.-सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun.-2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16.-सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17.-स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere.-स्मृतिः N. of parti- cular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3.-स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5.-हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33.-हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3.-हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2. -
76 abrirse camino
v.1 to push through, to get somewhere, to make headway, to hack one's way through.Ellos se abrieron camino fácilmente They pushed through easily.2 to bulldoze through, to burst through.La maquinaria se abre camino The machines bulldoze through.3 to get one's way paved.Se nos abre camino We get our way paved.* * *to make one's way* * *(v.) = plough through, elbow + Posesivo + way into, elbow into, foist + Posesivo + way into, make + Posesivo + way in the worldEx. The article has the title ' Plowing through Chicago: SLJ's report on ALA's midwinter meeting '78'.Ex. In her view, it is high time for the plays by this versatile and prolific dramatist to begin elbowing their way into the American repertoire.Ex. More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.Ex. Moreover, her fatness is an act of defiance; in a world in which women are taught to take up as little space as possible, Lilian learns to foist her way into the public sphere.Ex. He had already made his way in the world as a soloist before becoming a stage star.* * *abrirse camino (a empujones)(v.) = push + Posesivo + way across/intoEx: Now the mobile telephone has pushed its way into our everyday lives in new ways.
(v.) = plough through, elbow + Posesivo + way into, elbow into, foist + Posesivo + way into, make + Posesivo + way in the worldEx: The article has the title ' Plowing through Chicago: SLJ's report on ALA's midwinter meeting '78'.
Ex: In her view, it is high time for the plays by this versatile and prolific dramatist to begin elbowing their way into the American repertoire.Ex: More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.Ex: Moreover, her fatness is an act of defiance; in a world in which women are taught to take up as little space as possible, Lilian learns to foist her way into the public sphere.Ex: He had already made his way in the world as a soloist before becoming a stage star. -
77 lasciare
leave( abbandonare) give up( concedere) let( smettere di tenere) let golascia andare!, lascia perdere! forget it!* * *lasciare v.tr.1 (andar via da) to leave*; (abbandonare) to abandon; to desert, to quit; (rinunciare) to give* up: lasciammo Londra una settimana prima di te, we left London a week before you; ha lasciato l'ufficio verso mezzogiorno, he left the office towards midday; lo lasciammo che lavorava in giardino, we left him working in the garden; ha lasciato il lavoro per unirsi a un gruppo rock, he quit (o left) his job to join a rock group; ha dovuto lasciare l'università per motivi di salute, he had to leave (o give up) university because of ill-health; la ditta lascerà la vecchia sede, the firm will move out of its former premises; i medici avevano lasciato ogni speranza di salvarlo, the doctors had given up all hope of saving him; ha lasciato la famiglia per seguire quella donna, he has left (o deserted o abandoned) his family for the sake of that woman; lasciò la fidanzata, he left his fiancée // ci ha lasciati l'anno scorso, (è morto) he left us last year2 (far rimanere) to leave*; (lasciar dietro di sé) to leave* behind: ha lasciato moglie e figli in Italia, he left his wife and children in Italy; non posso lasciare a casa i bambini, I can't leave the children at home; lascia la finestra aperta per piacere, leave the window open, please; quando morì lasciò moglie e due figli, when he died he left a wife and two children behind him; la ferita mi ha lasciato una cicatrice, the wound has left me with a scar; mi lasciò senza una lira, he left me penniless; questa medicina mi ha lasciato la bocca amara, this medicine has left a bitter taste in my mouth; ha lasciato tutto com'era, he left everything as it was; ha lasciato un buon ricordo di sé, he left behind a good memory of himself; l'assassino ha lasciato molte tracce, the murderer left a load of clues behind; è partito senza lasciare istruzioni, he went off without leaving any instructions // lasciare fuori, to leave out // lasciare da parte, to leave aside // lasciare solo, in pace, to leave alone, in peace3 (posare, deporre) to leave*, to put*; (far scendere) to drop off: ti lascerò il pacchetto sulla scrivania, I'll leave (o put) the packet on your desk; lascialo pure sulla sedia, you can put it on the chair; ti lascerò davanti al supermercato, I'll drop you off (o leave you) opposite the supermarket4 (dimenticare, non prendere con sé) to leave*, to forget*: ho lasciato gli occhiali a casa, I have left my glasses at home; ho lasciato l'ombrello sull'autobus, I've forgotten the umbrella on the bus; ha lasciato la finestra aperta ed è entrato un ladro, he left the window open and a thief got in5 (rimetterci) to leave*, to lose*: in quell'incidente ci lasciò la vita, he lost his life in that accident; per poco ci lasciai la salute, I nearly ruined my health; ci ha lasciato la vita, it cost him his life6 (in eredità) to leave*, to bequeath, to will: gli ha lasciato tutto il patrimonio, he left all his property to him; lasciare una proprietà a un ente assistenziale, to bequeath an estate to a charitable institution7 (permettere, fare) to let* (s.o. do), to allow (s.o. to do): chi ti ha lasciato entrare?, who let you in?; lascialo fare a me, let me do it; lascia che me ne occupi io, leave it to me; questa fessura lascia passare molta aria, this crack lets in a lot of air; non lasciare cadere quel vaso, don't drop that vase; l'hanno lasciato morire senza far niente, they let him die without doing anything; non lascia uscire suo figlio da solo, he doesn't allow his son to go out on his own; non gli lascia guidare la sua auto, he doesn't let him drive his car8 (serbare) to keep*, to leave*: lasciami questa carne per cena, keep this meat for my supper; puoi lasciarmi qualcosa da mangiare?, can you leave (o keep) me something to eat?; lasciami un po' di birra, leave me a drop of beer9 (affidare, dare) to leave*, to trust, to give*; (cedere) to let* have: lasciami tuo figlio fino a questa sera, leave your son with me until tonight; non voglio lasciargli il mio orologio, ho paura che me lo rompa, I don't want to trust my watch to him (o to give him my watch), I'm afraid he may break it; te lo lascerò per 50 euro, you can have it for 50 euros; hai lasciato la mancia al cameriere?, did you tip the waiter? (o did you leave a tip for the waiter?)10 (allentare) to let* go; (liberare) to release; to set* free, to free: lascia la corda, let go of the rope; il cane lasciò la presa, the dog loosened its grip; lasciarono il prigioniero in libertà, they released the prisoner◆ v. intr. (smettere, cessare di) (non com.) to stop, to leave* off: non lascia di brontolare, she doesn't stop grumbling.◘ lasciarsi v.rifl. to let* oneself: non mi lascerò truffare, I'm not going to be cheated; non si lasciò vedere per tutta una settimana, he didn't appear for a whole week; si lasciò andare su una poltrona, he sank into an armchair; si lasciò trasportare dall'ira, he let himself be carried away by anger; lasciare guidare dall'esperienza, to let oneself be guided by experience; non si lascia avvicinare da nessuno, he doesn't let anyone get close to him; si è lasciato convincere facilmente, he let himself be convinced easily // lasciati andare, (rilassati) let yourself go (o relax); dopo che lei lo ha abbandonato si è completamente lasciato andare, after she left him he let himself go completely; non lasciarti prendere dall'emozione, dal panico, don't let yourself get carried away, don't panic◆ v.rifl.rec. to part, to leave* each other: si sono lasciati dopo nove anni di fidanzamento, they left each other after a nine-year engagement; si lasciarono all'alba, they parted at daybreak.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: prendere o lasciare, take it or leave it // è meglio lasciare perdere, we'd better forget (o leave) it // ho deciso di lasciare correre, I decided to forget (o leave) it // lascia stare, non è affar tuo!, leave it, it's none of your business! // lasciare detto qlco. a qlcu., to leave a word with s.o. // la sua condotta lascia molto a desiderare, his behaviour leaves a lot to be desired // lascialo dire, let him talk // ''Com'è il tuo dolce?'' ''Si lascia mangiare'', ''What's your cake like?'' ''Not bad''.* * *[laʃ'ʃare]1. vt1) (gen) to leavelasciare qc a qn — to leave sb sth o sth to sb
devo lasciare l'università — I have to leave university, I have to give up university
lasciare qn perplesso/confuso — to leave sb perplexed/confused
2)lasciare qn fare qc o che qn faccia qc — to let sb do sth, allow sb to do sthlascia stare o correre o perdere — let it drop, forget it
3) (deporre: cose) to leave, deposit, (persone) to leave, drop (off)4) (dare, concedere) to give, let have5) (omettere) to leave out, forget6) (serbare) to leave, keep7)lasciare stare qn — to let sb be, leave sb alone
lascia stare, ci penso io — leave it, I'll see to it
lascialo stare, non vale la pena di arrabbiarsi — just ignore him, it's not worth getting annoyed
lascia stare, offro io — it's all right, I'm paying o it's on me
8)lasciarsi sfruttare — to let o.s. be exploited
lasciarsi andare — to let o.s. go
9)lasciare in bianco — to leave blanklasciare (molto) a desiderare — to leave much o a lot to be desired
lasciare detto o scritto (a qn) — to leave word (for sb)
lasciami in pace — leave me alone o in peace
lasciare il segno (su qc) — to mark (sth), fig to leave one's o a mark (on sth)
2. vr (lasciarsi)(uso reciproco) to part (from each other), (coniugi) to leave each other, split upsi sono lasciati all'aeroporto — they left each other at the airport, they said goodbye at the airport
* * *[laʃ'ʃare] 1.verbo transitivo1) (smettere di tenere) to let* go of [oggetto, corda]; (fare cadere) to drop2) (separarsi da) to leave* [persona, famiglia, fidanzato]3) (andare via da) to leave* [luogo, paese, ufficio]devo lasciarvi, ho una riunione — I must go now, I have a meeting
4) (dimenticare) to leave* (behind), to forget* [ombrello, chiavi, portafoglio]5) (fare restare) to leave* [traccia, impronta]lasciare qcn. nel dubbio — to leave sb. in a state of uncertainty
lasciare le cose come stanno — to leave well enough alone, to let the matter lie
lasciare in pace qcn. — to leave sb. alone
6) (rinunciare a) to leave* [lavoro, partito, azienda]; to leave*, to give* up [ studi]7) (cedere, prestare) to leave*lasciare il posto a qcn. — to let sb. have one's seat
8) (affidare) to leave* (a qcn. with sb.)9) (dare)lasciare [qcs.] a qcn. — to give sb. [mancia, tempo, scelta]
10) (rendere)lasciare perplesso qcn. to puzzle sb.; mi lasciò indifferente it left me cold; lasciare libero un animale — to let an animal go
11) (vendere)12) (mantenere) to leave*lasciare la porta chiusa, una luce accesa — to leave the door shut, a light on
13) (conservare)lasciami qualcosa da mangiare — leave o keep me something to eat
14) (in eredità) to leave* [denaro, proprietà]15) (permettere)lasciare che qcn., qcs. faccia — to let sb., sth. do
lasciare fare qcs. a qcn. — to let sb. do sth.
lascia fare a me — leave it to me, let me (do that)
lasciare cadere qcs. — to let sth. fall
lascialo stare — leave him alone, let him be; (smettere di toccare)
lascia stare quella bici — leave that bike alone; (lasciare perdere)
no, lascia stare, pago io! — no, no it's my treat!
2.lascia stare, è un fastidio troppo grosso — leave it, it's too much trouble
verbo pronominale lasciarsi1) (separarsi) [ persone] to part; [ coppia] to split* up, to break* up-rsi da buoni amici, molto male — to part the best of friends, on angry terms
2) (farsi)- rsi sfuggire — to let slip, to come out with [frase, bestemmia]
••lasciar detto, scritto a qcn. che... — to give o leave sb. a message that...
lasciarci una gamba, un mucchio di soldi — to lose an arm, a lot of money
lasciar correre o perdere to let sth. pass; prendere o lasciare take it or leave it; -rsi qcs. alle spalle to leave sth. behind; lasciare a molto desiderare to leave much to be desired; -rsi andare to let oneself go; lasciare il segno [personaggio, avvenimento] to set one's stamp; lascia il tempo che trova — = it makes no difference
* * *lasciare/la∫'∫are/ [1]1 (smettere di tenere) to let* go of [ oggetto, corda]; (fare cadere) to drop; lasciami! get off me!2 (separarsi da) to leave* [ persona, famiglia, fidanzato]3 (andare via da) to leave* [ luogo, paese, ufficio]; devo lasciarvi, ho una riunione I must go now, I have a meeting4 (dimenticare) to leave* (behind), to forget* [ ombrello, chiavi, portafoglio]5 (fare restare) to leave* [ traccia, impronta]; lasciami alla stazione drop me (off) at the station; lasciare qcn. nel dubbio to leave sb. in a state of uncertainty; lasciare le cose come stanno to leave well enough alone, to let the matter lie; lasciare in pace qcn. to leave sb. alone6 (rinunciare a) to leave* [ lavoro, partito, azienda]; to leave*, to give* up [ studi]7 (cedere, prestare) to leave*; lasciare il posto a qcn. to let sb. have one's seat8 (affidare) to leave* ( a qcn. with sb.)9 (dare) lasciare [qcs.] a qcn. to give sb. [ mancia, tempo, scelta]10 (rendere) lasciare perplesso qcn. to puzzle sb.; mi lasciò indifferente it left me cold; lasciare libero un animale to let an animal go11 (vendere) glielo lascio per 50 euro I'll let you have it for 50 euros12 (mantenere) to leave*; lasciare la porta chiusa, una luce accesa to leave the door shut, a light on14 (in eredità) to leave* [ denaro, proprietà]15 (permettere) lasciare che qcn., qcs. faccia to let sb., sth. do; lasciare fare qcs. a qcn. to let sb. do sth.; lascia fare a me leave it to me, let me (do that); lasciare cadere qcs. to let sth. fall16 lasciare stare (non disturbare) lascialo stare leave him alone, let him be; (smettere di toccare) lascia stare quella bici leave that bike alone; (lasciare perdere) no, lascia stare, pago io! no, no it's my treat! lascia stare, è un fastidio troppo grosso leave it, it's too much troubleII lasciarsi verbo pronominale1 (separarsi) [ persone] to part; [ coppia] to split* up, to break* up; -rsi da buoni amici, molto male to part the best of friends, on angry terms2 (farsi) - rsi cullare dalle onde to be lulled by the waves; non è certo il tipo che si lascia fregare he won't be pushed around; - rsi sfuggire to let slip, to come out with [ frase, bestemmia]3 (abbandonarsi) - rsi andare alla disperazione to give in to despairlasciar detto, scritto a qcn. che... to give o leave sb. a message that...; lasciarci una gamba, un mucchio di soldi to lose an arm, a lot of money; lasciar correre o perdere to let sth. pass; prendere o lasciare take it or leave it; -rsi qcs. alle spalle to leave sth. behind; lasciare a molto desiderare to leave much to be desired; - rsi andare to let oneself go; lasciare il segno [ personaggio, avvenimento] to set one's stamp; lascia il tempo che trova = it makes no difference. -
78 summum
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
79 Superi
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1. -
80 superus
sŭpĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. sŭpĕr in two passages:I.super inferque vicinus,
Cato, R. R. 149, 1:totus super ignis,
Lucr. 1, 649; gen. plur. in signif. I. B. 1. infra, superum, Verg. A. 1, 4; Ov. M. 1, 251 et saep.), adj. [super].Posit.A.Adj.1.In gen., that is above, upper, higher: inferus an superus tibi fert deus funera, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.:2.at ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36:omnes di deaeque superi, inferi,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6:ad superos deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:portae Phrygiae limen,
id. Bacch. 4, 9, 31; 4, 9, 63; Novat. ap. Non. p. 336, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 49 Rib.):carmine di superi placantur, carmine manes,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 138:di,
id. C. 1, 1, 30; 4, 7, 18:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:spectatores superarum rerum atque caelestium,
id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes,
Verg. A. 6, 788:supera ad convexa,
to heaven, id. ib. 6, 241 (Rib. super); 6, 750; 10, 251: cum superum lumen nox intempesta teneret, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 14 (Ann. v. 106 Vahl.):lumen,
Lucr. 6, 856: templum superi Jovis, i. e. of the Capitoline Jupiter (opp. Juppiter inferus, i. e. Pluto), Cat. 55, 5; Sen. Herc. Fur. 48:domus deorum,
Ov. M. 4, 735: mare superum, the upper, i. e. the Adriatic and Ionian Sea (opp. mare inferum, the lower or Etruscan Sea), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 11; Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 69; id. Att. 9, 3, 1; Liv. 41, 1, 3; Mel. 2, 4, 1; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 44; Suet. Caes. 34; 44;so without mare (colloq.): iter ad superum,
Cic. Att. 9, 5, 1.—Adverb.:de supero, quom huc accesserit,
from above, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 18; so,ex supero,
Lucr. 2, 227; 2, 241; 2, 248. —In partic., upper, i. e. of the upper regions or upper world (opp. the lower regions):B.supera de parte,
i. e. of the earth, Lucr. 6, 855:superas evadere ad auras,
Verg. A. 6, 128:superum ad lumen ire,
id. ib. 6, 680:aurae,
Ov. M. 5, 641:orae,
Verg. A. 2, 91:limen,
id. ib. 6, 680.—Substt.1.Sŭpĕri, orum, m.(α).They who are above (opp. inferi, those in the dungeon), Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 6:(β).multum fleti ad superos,
i. e. those living on earth, Verg. A. 6, 481:(Pompeius) Quam apud superos habuerat magnitudinem, illibatam detulisset ad Inferos,
the inhabitants of the upper world, Vell. 2, 48, 2; cf.:ut oblitos superum paterere dolores,
Val. Fl. 1, 792: si nunc redire posset ad superos pater, Poet. ap. Charis. 5, p. 252:epistula ad superos scripta,
i. e. to the survivors, Plin. 2, 109, 112, § 248.—(Sc. di.) The gods above, the celestial deities:2.quae Superi Manesque dabant,
Verg. A. 10, 34:aspiciunt Superi mortalia,
Ov. M. 13, 70:o Superi!
id. ib. 1, 196; 14, 729;pro Superi,
id. Tr. 1, 2, 59:terris jactatus et alto Vi Superum,
Verg. A. 1, 4:illa propago Contemptrix Superum,
Ov. M. 1, 161:exemplo Superorum,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 19; so,Superorum,
id. P. 1, 1, 43:postquam res Asiae Priamique evertere gentem Immeritam visum Superis,
Verg. A. 3, 2:scilicet is Superis labor est,
id. ib. 4, 379; Hor. C. 1, 6, 16:superis deorum Gratus et imis,
id. ib. 1, 10, 19:flectere Superos,
Verg. A. 7, 312:te per Superos... oro,
id. ib. 2, 141 et saep.—sŭpĕra, orum, n.(α).The heavenly bodies:(β).Hicetas caelum, solem, lunam, stellas, supera denique omnia stare censet,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; cf.:cogitantes supera atque caelestia, haec nostra contemnimus,
id. ib. 2, 41, 127: di, quibus est potestas motus superum atque inferum, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 25, 38 (Trag. Rel. v. 163 Vahl.).—Higher places (sc. loca):II.supera semper petunt,
tend upwards, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42:(Alecto) Cocyti petit sedem, supera ardua relinquens,
the upper world, Verg. A. 7, 562.Comp.: sŭpĕrĭor, ius.A.Lit., of place, higher, upper:B.inferiore omni spatio vacuo relicto, superiorem partem collis castris compleverant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46:dejectus qui potest esse quisquam, nisi in inferiorem locum de superiore motus?
Cic. Caecin. 18, 50:in superiore qui habito cenaculo,
Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 3:tota domus superior vacat,
the upper part of, Cic. Att. 12, 10:superior accumbere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 42:de loco superiore dicere,
i. e. from the tribunal, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 102:agere,
i. e. from the rostra, id. ib. 2, 1, 5, § 14;and in gen. of the position of the speaker: multos et ex superiore et ex aequo loco sermones habitos,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:sive ex inferiore loco sive ex aequo sive ex superiore loquitur,
id. de Or. 3, 6, 23: ex loco superiore in ipsis fluminis ripis praeliabantur, from a height or eminence, Caes. B. G. 2, 23; so,ex loco superiore,
id. ib. 3, 4:loca,
id. ib. 1, 10, 4;3, 3, 2: ex superioribus locis in planitiem descendere,
id. B. C. 3, 98:qui in superiore acie constiterant,
id. B. G. 1, 24:ex superiore et ex inferiore scriptura docendum,
i. e. what goes before and after, the context, Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117; cf.:posteriori superius non jungitur,
id. Ac. 2, 14, 44.—Trop.1.Of time or order of succession, former, past, previous, preceding:b.superiores solis defectiones,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25:quid proxima, quid superiore nocte egeris,
id. Cat. 1, 1, 1:refecto ponte, quem superioribus diebus hostes resciderant,
Caes. B. G. 7, 58:superioribus aestivis,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:superioribus temporibus,
Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 1:tempus (opp. posterius),
id. Dom. 37, 99:tempora (opp. inferiora),
Suet. Claud. 41:annus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18, § 47:anno superiore,
id. Har. Resp. 8, 15:superioris anni acta,
Suet. Caes. 23:in superiore vita,
Cic. Sen. 8, 26: milites superioribus proeliis exercitati, [p. 1811] Caes. B. G. 2, 20:testimonium conveniens superiori facto,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 53:superius facinus novo scelere vincere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 44, § 116:superioris more crudelitatis uti,
Nep. Thras. 3, 1:superius genus,
mentioned previously, Plin. 13, 25, 48, § 146:nuptiae,
former marriage, Cic. Clu. 6, 15:vir,
first husband, id. Caecin. 6, 17.—Esp., of age, time of life, etc., older, elder, senior, more advanced, former:2.omnis juventus omnesque superioris aetatis,
Caes. B. C. 2, 5:aetate superiores,
Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 1:superior Africanus,
the Elder, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 25; id. Off. 1, 33, 121:Dionysius,
id. ib. 2, 7, 25; Nep. Dion, 1, 1; cf.:quid est aetas hominis, nisi memoria rerum veterum cum superiorum aetate contexitur,
Cic. Or. 34, 120.—Of strength or success in battle or any contest, victorious, conquering, stronger, superior:3. (α).Caesar quod hostes equitatu superiores esse intellegebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 65:numero superiores,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 12:hoc ipso fiunt superiores, quod nullum acceperant detrimentum,
id. ib. 8, 19:se quo impudentius egerit, hoc superiorem discessurum,
Cic. Caecin. 1, 2:semper discessit superior,
Nep. Hann. 1, 2:si primo proelio Catilina superior discessisset,
Sall. C. 39, 4:ut nostri omnibus partibus superiores fuerint,
Caes. B. G. 5, 15:multo superiores bello esse,
Nep. Alcib. 4, 7:superiorem Appium in causa fecit,
Liv. 5, 7, 1.—With abl. respect.:(β).pecuniis superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59:loco, fortuna, fama superiores,
id. Lael. 25, 94:habes neminem honoris gradu superiorem,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:ordine,
id. ib. 13, 5, 2:facilitate et humanitate superior,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:si superior ceteris rebus esses,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61.—Absol.:III.ut ii, qui superiores sunt, submittere se debent in amicitia, sic quodam modo inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. 20, 71:ut quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,
id. Off. 1, 26, 90:invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus... sed etiam superioribus invidetur,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209:premendoque superiorem sese extollebat,
Liv. 22, 12, 12:cui omnem honorem, ut superiori habuit,
Vell. 2, 101, 1.Sup., in three forms, ‡ superrimus, supremus, and summus.A.‡ sŭperrĭmus, assumed as orig. form of supremus by Varr. L. L. 7, § 51 Mull.; Charis. p. 130 P.—B. 1.Lit. (only poet.; cf.2.summus, C. 1.): montesque supremos Silvifragis vexat flabris,
the highest points, the tops, summits, Lucr. 1, 274; so,montes,
Verg. G. 4, 460; Hor. Epod. 17, 68:rupes,
Sen. Oedip. 95:arx,
Claud. III. Cons. Hon. 167; cf.:supremae Tethyos unda,
Mart. Spect. 3, 6.—Trop.a. (α).In gen.: SOL OCCASVS SVPREMA TEMPESTAS ESTO, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 10.—Hence, as subst.: suprēma, ae, f. (sc. tempestas), the last part of the day, the hour of sunset: suprema summum diei; hoc tempus duodecim Tabulae dicunt occasum esse solis;(β).sed postea lex praetoria id quoque tempus jubet esse supremum, quo praeco in comitio supremam pronuntiavit populo,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 5 Mull.; cf. Censor. de Die Nat. 24; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212:quae (urbs), quia postrema coaedificata est, Neapolis nominatur,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:supremo te sole domi manebo,
at sunset, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 3:jubare exorto jam nocte suprema, Col. poet. 10, 294: in te suprema salus,
last hope, Verg. A. 12, 653: supremam bellis imposuisse manum, the last or finishing hand, Ov. R. Am. 114. — suprēmum, adverb., for the last time:quae mihi tunc primum, tunc est conspecta supremum,
Ov. M. 12, 526.—In partic., with regard to the close of life, last, closing, dying:1. 2.supremo vitae die,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71; id. Sen. 21, 78; id. Mur. 36, 75:dies,
id. Phil. 1, 14, 34; Hor. C. 1, 13, 20; id. Ep. 1, 4, 13:hora,
Tib. 1, 1, 59:tempus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; Cat. 64, 151:incestum pontifices supremo supplicio sanciunto,
i. e. the penalty of death, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22:mors,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 173:finis,
id. ib. 2, 1, 12:iter,
id. C. 2, 17, 11:lumen,
Verg. A. 6, 735: sociamque tori vocat ore supremo, with his dying mouth, dying breath, Ov. M. 8, 521; so,ore,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 87:haec digressu dicta supremo Fundebat,
Verg. A. 8, 583:Nero in suprema ira duos calices crystallinos fregit,
in his last agony, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 29;supremis suis annis,
in his last years, id. 23, 1, 27, § 58:suprema ejus cura,
id. 7, 45, 46, § 150:spoliatus illius supremi diei celebritate,
Cic. Mil. 32, 86: honor, the last honors, i. e. funeral rites or ceremonies, Verg. A. 11, 61:funera,
Ov. M. 3, 137:oscula,
id. ib. 6, 278:tori,
i. e. biers, id. F. 6, 668:ignis,
id. Am. 1, 15, 41:ignes,
id. M. 2, 620; 13, 583:officia,
Tac. A. 5, 2; Petr. 112, 1: judicia hominum, a last will or testament, Quint. 6, 3, 92; Plin. Ep. 7, 20, 7; 7, 31, 5; so,tabulae,
Mart. 5, 33, 1; 5, 41, 1:tituli,
i. e. an epitaph, id. ib. 9, 19, 3.—So of cities, etc.:Troiae sorte suprema,
Verg. A. 5, 190:dies regnis,
Ov. F. 2, 852. — suprēmum and suprēmō, adverb.:animam sepulcro Condimus, et magna supremum voce ciemus,
for the last time, for a last farewell, Verg. A. 3, 68; Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 150; Tac. H. 4, 14; Ov. M. 12, 526:anima exitura supremo,
Plin. 11, 53, 115, § 277.— Substt.suprēma, orum, n.(α).The last moments, the close of life, death:(β).ut me in supremis consolatus est!
Quint. 6, prooem. § 11; Tac. A. 6, 50; 12, 66; cf.:statua Herculis sentiens suprema tunicae,
the last agonies caused by it, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 93:circa suprema Neronis,
the time of his death, id. 16, 44, 86, § 236; 7, 3, 3, § 33.—The last honors paid to the dead, funeral rites or ceremonies, a funeral:(γ).supremis divi Augusti,
Plin. 7, 3, 3, § 33; 16, 44, 86, § 236; Tac. A. 1, 61; 3, 49; 4, 44; id. H. 4, 59; 4, 45:suprema ferre (sc. munera),
Verg. A. 6, 213; cf. id. ib. 11, 25 al.—A last will, testament:(δ). b.nihil primo senatus die agi passus, nisi de supremis Augusti,
Tac. A. 1, 8:miles in supremis ordinandis ignarus uxorem esse praegnantem, etc.,
Dig. 29, 1, 36, § 2.—Of degree or rank, the highest, greatest, most exalted, supreme:C.multa, quae appellatur suprema, instituta in singulos duarum ovium, triginta boum... ultra quam (numerum) multam dicere in singulos jus non est, et propterea suprema appellatur, id est, summa et maxima,
Gell. 11, 1, 2 sq.:macies,
Verg. A. 3, 590:Juppiter supreme,
Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 55; id. Capt. 2, 3, 66; 5, 2, 23; id. Ps. 2, 2, 33; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 42: Junonis supremus conjunx, Poet. ap. Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 115:med antidhac Supremum habuisti com item consiliis tuis,
most intimate, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 15.—summus, a, um [from sup-imus, sup-mus], uppermost, highest, topmost; the top of, highest part of (cf. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1295).1.Lit. (class., while supremus is mostly poet.):b.summum oportet olfactare vestimentum muliebre,
the top, outside of, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 56: Galli summa arcis adorti Moenia, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 169 Vahl.): Thyestes summis saxis fixus, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 107 (Trag. v. 413 ib.): montibus summis, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 71 Mull. (Epigr. v. 43 ib.):summum jugum montis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:summus mons,
the top of, id. ib. 1, 22:feriunt summos fulmina montes,
the mountain tops, Hor. C. 2, 10, 11; cf.: in summo montis vertice, Poet. ap. Quint. 8, 3, 48:locus castrorum,
Caes. B. G. 2, 23:in summa sacra via,
on the highest part of, Cic. Planc. 7, 17; cf. id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:in summa columna conlocare,
id. Div. 1, 24, 48:quam (urbem) ad summum theatrum,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Janus summus ab imo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:ad aquam summam appropinquare,
Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 64: mento summam aquam attingens enectus siti, Poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:in aqua summa natare,
the top, surface of, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 33:apud summum puteum,
id. Mil. 4, 4, 16:per summa volare aequora,
Verg. A. 5, 819:summa cacumina linquunt,
id. ib. 6, 678:mari summo,
id. ib. 1, 110:prospexi Italiam summa ab unda,
id. ib. 6, 357:summaque per galeam delibans oscula,
id. ib. 12, 434:amphoras complures complet plumbo, summas operit auro,
Nep. Hann. 9, 3: summa procul villarum culmina fumant, Verg. E. 1, 83:summam cutem novacula decerpito,
Col. 12, 56, 1.—Of position, place, at table:summus ego (in triclinio) et prope me Viscus Thurinus et infra Varius, etc.,
I was highest, I reclined at the top, Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.—Hence, subst.: summus, i, m., he who sits in the highest place, at the head of the table:standum est in lecto, si quid de summo petas,
Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 27: is sermo, qui more majorum a summo adhibetur in poculis, by the head of the table, i. e. by the president of the feast, Cic. Sen. 14, 46; so,a summo dare (bibere),
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; Pers. 5, 1, 19.—summum, i, n., the top, surface; the highest place, the head of the table, etc.:2.ab ejus (frontis) summo, sicut palmae, rami quam late diffunduntur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 26:qui demersi sunt in aqua... si non longe absunt a summo,
Cic. Fin. 3, 14, 48:leviter a summo inflexum bacillum,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:igitur discubuere... in summo Antonius,
Sall. H. 3, 4 Dietsch:puteos ac potius fontes habet: sunt enim in summo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 25:nuces mersit in vinum et sive in summum redierant, sive subsederant, etc.,
Petr. 137 fin.: oratori summa riguerunt, the extremities of his body, Sen. Ira, 2, 3, 3.—In mal. part.:summa petere,
Mart. 11, 46, 6; Auct. Priap. 76.—Transf., of the voice:2.jubeo te salvere voce summa,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 30; cf.:citaret Io Bacche! modo summa Voce, modo, etc.,
at the top of his voice, Hor. S. 1, 3, 7:vox (opp. ima),
Quint. 11, 3, 15:summa voce versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; cf.:summo haec clamore,
Plaut. Merc. prol. 59. —Adverb.: summum, at the utmost or farthest:exspectabam hodie, aut summum cras,
Cic. Att. 13, 21, 2:bis, terve summum,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:triduo aut summum quatriduo,
id. Mil. 9, 26; cf. Liv. 21, 35, and 31, 42 Drak.—Trop.a.Of time or order of succession, last, latest, final (rare but class.):b.haec est praestituta summa argento dies,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 140; so,venit summa dies,
Verg. A. 2, 324:ad summam senectutem jactari, quam, etc.,
Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1: vixit ad summam senectutem, to extreme old age, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 31:cum esset summa senectute,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 31:in fluvium primi cecidere, in corpora summi,
Luc. 2, 211:summo carmine,
at the end, Hor. C. 3, 28, 13:eadem in argumentis ratio est, ut potentissima prima et summa ponantur,
the first and the last, at the beginning and the end, Quint. 6, 4, 22; cf. neutr. absol.: Celsus putat, primo firmum aliquod (argumentum) esse ponendum, summo firmissimum, imbecilliora medio;quia et initio movendus sit judex et summo impellendus,
at the last, at the close, id. 7, 1, 10.— Adverb.: summum, for the last time:nunc ego te infelix summum teneoque tuorque,
Albin. 1, 137. —Of rank, etc., highest, greatest, first, supreme, best, utmost, extreme; most distinguished, excellent, or noble; most important, weighty, or critical, etc. (so most freq. in prose and poetry): summa nituntur vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.): bellum gerentes summum summa industria, id. ap. Non. p. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 ib.):summi puerorum amores,
Cic. Lael. 10, 33:spes civium,
id. ib. 3, 11:fides, constantia justitiaque,
id. ib. 7, 25: in amore summo summaque inopia, Caec. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 72:qui in virtute summum bonum ponunt,
id. ib. 6, 20:non agam summo jure tecum,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4:tres fratres summo loco nati,
id. Fam. 2, 18, 2:qui summo magistratui praeerat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 16:concedunt in uno Cn. Pompeio summa esse omnia,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51:quae (vitia) summo opere vitare oportebit,
id. Inv. 1, 18, 26:turpitudo,
id. Lael. 17, 61:summum in cruciatum se venire,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:scelus,
Sall. C. 12, 5:hiems,
the depth of winter, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86; id. Fam. 13, 60, 2:cum aestas summa esse coeperat,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; 2, 5, 31, § 80:ut summi virtute et animo praeessent imbecillioribus,
id. Rep. 1, 34, 51:summi ex Graecia sapientissimique homines,
id. ib. 1, 22, 36; cf.:summi homines ac summis ingeniis praediti,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:optimi et summi viri diligentia,
id. Rep. 1, 35, 54: cum par habetur honos summis et infimis [p. 1812] id. ib. 1, 34, 53: He. Quo honore'st illic? Ph. Summo atque ab summis viris, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 29:summus Juppiter,
id. Cist. 2, 1, 40:ubi summus imperator non adest ad exercitum,
id. Am. 1, 2, 6:miles summi inperatoris,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28: deum qui non summum putet (amorem), Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68:amicus summus,
the best friend, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 60; 1, 1, 1; id. And. 5, 6, 6; cf. absol.:nam is nostro Simulo fuit summus,
id. Ad. 3, 2, 54; so id. Eun. 2, 2, 40.— Poet. in neutr. plur.:summa ducum Atrides,
the chief, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37; cf. Lucr. 1, 86:summo rei publicae tempore,
at a most important period, most critical juncture, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46:in summo et periculosissimo rei publicae tempore,
id. Fl. 3, 6; cf.:summa salus rei publicae,
id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: quod summa res publica in hujus periculo tentatur, the highest welfare of the State, the common welfare, the good of the State, the whole State or commonwealth, id. Rosc. Am. 51, 148; so,res publica,
id. Planc. 27, 66; id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28; id. Cat. 1, 6, 14; 3, 6, 13; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:ad summam rem publicam,
Liv. 33, 45, 4 al.:quo res summa loco, Panthu?
the general cause, Verg. A. 2, 322: mene igitur socium summis adjungere rebus, Nise, fugis? in these enterprises of highest moment, etc., id. ib. 9, 199; esp.: summum jus, a right pushed to an extreme:non agam summo jure tecum,
deal exactingly, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 4; cf.: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumnia quadam et nimis callida juris interpretatione;ex quo illud summum jus summa injuria factum est, jam tritum sermone proverbium,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33. — Hence, summē, adv., in the highest degree, most highly or greatly, extremely:quod me sollicitare summe solet,
Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 295:cupere aliquid,
id. Quint. 21, 69; Caes. B. C. 3, 15:contendere,
Cic. Quint. 24, 77: studere, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2:diffidere,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 2:admirari,
Quint. 10, 1, 70:summe jucundum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 18, 2:officiosi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 63:summe disertus vir,
Quint. 12, 1, 23:summe munitus locus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 31:summe haec omnia mihi videntur esse laudanda,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 17, 57:mei summe observantissimus,
Plin. Ep. 10, 26 (11), 1.
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