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provide+the+means+of

  • 1 provide for

    • provide for someone to supply the means of sustenance to someone обеспечить необходимым для существования

    She provided for her son in her will. His children are provided for.

    English-Russian mini useful dictionary > provide for

  • 2 provide

    1. III
    provide smth. provide meals (translation, lodgings, etc.) обеспечивать питанием и т.д., предоставлять питание и т.д., this archway provides an exit через эту арку можно выйти; provide an excuse (a reason, etc.) заранее предусмотреть /заготовить/ предлог и т.д.; provide a means of escape заранее обеспечить себе путь к отступлению; you have to provide your own transport вам придется самим обеспечить себя транспортом
    2. IV
    provide smth. in some manner provide smth. liberally (duly, adequately, graciously, etc.) щедро и т.д. предоставлять что-л. /обеспечивать чем-л./
    3. XI
    1) be provided for this has been provided for это было предусмотрено заранее; be provided for in some manner be well /amply/ provided for быть хорошо обеспеченным, ни в чем не нуждаться; the family was adequately provided for in his will по завещанию его семья получила достаточные средства; be provided with smth. I am already provided with what I need у меня уже есть все, что мне надо; we were provided with supplies enough to last a fortnight нас снабдили запасами на две недели; they are well (ill) provided with clothing они хорошо (плохо) обеспечены одеждой
    2) be provided in (wider) smth. the rules are provided under the regulations (in the law) правила предусмотрены уставом (законом); be provided for in smth. as provided for in the clause 221... согласно статье двести двадцать первой...; it is provided for in the contract это предусмотрено договором; be provided against smth. we suffer from misfortunes which could not have been provided against мы страдаем от несчастий, которые нельзя было [заранее] предотвратить
    4. XVI
    1) provide for smb. provide for oneself (for one's children, for one's wife and children, etc.) обеспечивать себя и т.д.; provide well (handsomely, liberally, etc.) for one's family хорошо и т.д. обеспечивать семью; he could not provide for such a large family он не мог прокормить такую большую семью; provide for smth. provide for old age (for the future, for urgent needs, etc.) обеспечивать старость и т.д.; provide for-one's wants удовлетворять свой запросы; provide for the child's education предоставить средства на образование ребенка || provide for /against/ a rainy day отложить деньги или сделать запасы про черный день
    2) provide for (against) smth. provide for everything (for the entertainments of one's guests, for public security, for some additional expenses, etc.) предусматривать все и т.д.; in cutting material provide for shrinkage in the wash при раскрое материала учтите /добавьте на/ усадку [при стирке]; provide against famine (against a shortage of coal, against cold weather, etc.) обеспечить себя на случай голода и т.д.; our insurance provides against the theft of the car в нашей страховке предусмотрена компенсация в случае угона машины; provide against accidents принять меры для устранения несчастных случаев
    5. XVII
    provide for doing smth. when cutting the cloth for my suit leave enough at the edges to provide for my getting fatter при раскрое материала мне на костюм оставьте запасы в швах на случай, если я пополнею
    6. XXI1
    1) provide smb. with smth. provide smb. with food (with books and maps, with warm clothes, with money, with. ammunition, etc.) снабжать /обеспечивать/ кого-л. продуктами питания и т.д.; they provided us with a room for the night они предоставили нам комнату для ночлега; we shall provide you with employment an demobilization по демобилизации мы обеспечим вас работой; sheep provide us with wool овцы дают нам шерсть; he provided his boy with a good education он дал своему сыну хорошее образование; provide oneself with a camera (with an umbrella, with food and weapons, etc.) запастись фотоаппаратом и т.д.; provide smth. for smb., smth. provide food for one's family (books for the pupils, etc.) обеспечивать свою семью питанием /своей семье питание/ и т.д.; provide an opportunity for all of us предоставить всем нам какую-л. возможность; they provided a special train for the guests гостям был выделен специальный поезд; such events provide matter for newspapers подобные события provide интересный материал для газет; provide smth. with smth. provide a staircase with banisters (a building with fire-escapes, etc.) сделать на лестнице перила и т.д.; provide a house with electricity провести в доме электричество
    2) provide smb. against smth. provide the children against danger обеспечить безопасность детей
    7. XXII
    provide smth. for doing smth. provide everything necessary for gardening (materials for building, etc.) обеспечивать всем необходимым для садоводства и т.д.
    8. XXV
    provide that... the clause (the agreement, the contract, the rule, etc.) provides that... статья и т.д. предусматривает, что...; the rules provide that you can't leave the camp without permission no действующим правилам нельзя покидать территорию лагеря без разрешения

    English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > provide

  • 3 provide

    1) (to give or supply: He provided the wine for the meal; He provided them with a bed for the night.) proporcionar, proveer, suministrar, facilitar
    2) ((with for) to have enough money to supply what is necessary: He is unable to provide for his family.) mantener
    •
    - providing
    provide vb proveer / suministrar / proporcionar
    tr[prə'vaɪd]
    1 (supply - gen) proveer, suministrar, proporcionar; (information, facts, etc) proporcionar, facilitar
    2 figurative use (answer, example) ofrecer, dar; (opportunity) brindar, dar
    1 (of law, rule, clause) estipular
    2 proveer
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    provide [prə'vaɪd] v, - vided ; - viding vt
    1) stipulate: estipular
    2)
    to provide with : proveer de, proporcionar
    1) : proveer
    the Lord will provide: el Señor proveerá
    2)
    to provide for support: mantener
    3)
    to providefor anticipate: hacer previsiones para, prever
    v.
    • abastar v.
    • abastecer v.
    • apercibir v.
    • aportar v.
    • deparar v.
    • facilitar v.
    • habilitar v.
    • pertrechar v.
    • proporcionar v.
    • proveer v.
    • subvenir v.
    (§pres: -vengo, -vienes...-venimos) pret: -vin-
    fut: -vendr-•)
    • suministrar (IND, INF) v.
    • surtir v.
    prə'vaɪd
    1.
    1) ( supply)

    to provide somebody WITH something — proveer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

    to provide something (FOR/TO somebody/something): is accommodation provided? ¿nos (or les etc) dan alojamiento?; textbooks will be provided se proporcionarán or se facilitarán los libros de texto; the garden provides enough vegetables for the family el huerto abastece a la familia de verduras; the meeting provided an opportunity to... — la reunión ofreció or brindó la oportunidad de...

    2) ( stipulate) (frml) \<\<clause/contract\>\> estipular

    2.
    vi proveer*
    Phrasal Verbs:
    [prǝ'vaɪd]
    1. VT
    1) (=supply)
    a) [+ materials, food] proporcionar, suministrar; [+ money, information, evidence] proporcionar, facilitar; [+ service] prestar

    • to provide sth for sb/sth, I will provide food for everyone — proveeré a todo el mundo de comida, proporcionaré or daré comida a todo el mundo

    it provides accommodation for five families — provee a cinco familias de alojamiento, da or proporciona alojamiento a cinco familias

    they've asked the United Nations to provide protection for civilians — han pedido a las Naciones Unidas que faciliten protección a la población civil

    to provide funding/money for sth — proporcionar or facilitar fondos/dinero para algo

    • to provide a solution (to sth) — ofrecer una solución (a algo)

    b)

    • to provide sb with sth — [+ materials, food] proveer a algn de algo, suministrar algo a algn; [+ money, information, details] proporcionar or facilitar algo a algn; [+ service] proporcionar algo a algn; [+ means] facilitar algo a algn; [+ opportunity] brindar algo a algn

    it provides the plant with a continuous flow of nutrients — provee a la planta de or suministra a la planta un flujo continuo de nutrientes

    c)

    • to provide o.s. with sth — proveerse de algo

    2) (=have available) estar provisto de

    the field provides plenty of space for a car park — el campo está provisto de muchísimo espacio para un aparcamiento de coches

    3) (=stipulate)

    the law provides that... — la ley estipula or dispone que...

    2.
    VI
    provide for
    * * *
    [prə'vaɪd]
    1.
    1) ( supply)

    to provide somebody WITH something — proveer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

    to provide something (FOR/TO somebody/something): is accommodation provided? ¿nos (or les etc) dan alojamiento?; textbooks will be provided se proporcionarán or se facilitarán los libros de texto; the garden provides enough vegetables for the family el huerto abastece a la familia de verduras; the meeting provided an opportunity to... — la reunión ofreció or brindó la oportunidad de...

    2) ( stipulate) (frml) \<\<clause/contract\>\> estipular

    2.
    vi proveer*
    Phrasal Verbs:

    English-spanish dictionary > provide

  • 4 put up the capital

    Деловая лексика: вкладывать средства (напр, the contract terms provide an extremely liberal means by which those who put up their capital can get their money back quickly)

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > put up the capital

  • 5 enable

    1. v давать возможность или право
    2. v делать возможным; создавать возможность, облегчать
    3. v уст. делать годным
    4. v юр. уполномочивать
    5. v юр. узаконивать, давать юридический статус

    legislation enabling the admission of a state — закон, санкционирующий принятие штата в состав США

    6. v вчт. разрешать; разблокировать; включать
    Синонимический ряд:
    1. capacitate (verb) capacitate; equip; facilitate
    2. empower (verb) accredit; authorise; authorize; commission; empower; entitle; let; license; permit; qualify; sanction
    3. provide the means (verb) implement; make possible; provide the means; set up
    Антонимический ряд:
    hinder; oppose; prevent; prohibit; remove

    English-Russian base dictionary > enable

  • 6 support

    sə'po:t
    1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) aguantar, sostener
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) apoyar, secundar, respaldar
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) corroborar, confirmar
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) mantener

    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) apoyo, soporte
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) soporte
    •
    - supporting
    1. apoyo
    2. soporte
    support2 vb
    1. sostener
    2. mantener
    3. apoyar
    4. ser de
    which team do you support? ¿de qué equipo eres?
    tr[sə'pɔːt]
    3 (moral) apoyo, respaldo
    4 (financial) ayuda económica, apoyo económico; (sustenance) sustento; (person) sostén nombre masculino
    1 (roof, bridge, etc) sostener; (weight) aguantar, resistir; (part of body) sujetar
    2 (back, encourage) apoyar, respaldar, ayudar; (cause, motion, proposal) apoyar, estar de acuerdo con
    3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (follow) seguir; (encourage) animar
    ■ which team do you support? ¿de qué equipo eres?
    4 (keep, sustain) mantener, sustentar, sostener; (feed) alimentar
    5 (corroborate, substantiate) confirmar, respaldar, apoyar, respaldar
    6 formal use (endure) soportar, tolerar
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    in support of somebody/something en apoyo de alguien/algo, a favor de alguien/algo
    to drum up support for somebody/something conseguir apoyo para alguien/algo
    to support oneself ganarse la vida
    support group (offering help) grupo de apoyo 2 (musicians) grupo telonero
    support [sə'port] vt
    1) back: apoyar, respaldar
    2) maintain: mantener, sostener, sustentar
    3) prop up: sostener, apoyar, apuntalar, soportar
    1) : apoyo m (moral), ayuda f (económica)
    2) prop: soporte m, apoyo m
    n.
    • apoyo s.m.
    • arrimadero s.m.
    • arrimo s.m.
    • ayuda s.f.
    • báculo s.m.
    • encomienda s.f.
    • entibo s.m.
    • muleta s.f.
    • puntal s.m.
    • pábulo s.m.
    • respaldo s.m.
    • soporte s.m.
    • sostenimiento s.m.
    • sostén s.m.
    • suspensorio s.m.
    • sustento s.m.
    • sustentáculo s.m.
    v.
    • afianzar v.
    • apadrinar v.
    • apoyar v.
    • apuntalar v.
    • mantener v.
    (§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-
    fut/c: -tendr-•)
    • respaldar v.
    • soportar v.
    • sostener v.
    (§pres: -tengo, -tienes...-tenemos) pret: -tuv-
    fut/c: -tendr-•)
    • sustentar v.

    I sə'pɔːrt, sə'pɔːt
    1) ( hold up) \<\<bridge/structure\>\> sostener*
    2)
    a) (maintain, sustain) \<\<family/children\>\> mantener*, sostener*, sustentar

    to support oneself — ganarse la vida or (liter) el sustento

    b) ( Comput) admitir
    3)
    a) ( back) \<\<cause/motion\>\> apoyar

    which team do you support? — ¿de qué equipo eres (hincha)?

    b) ( back up) apoyar
    4) ( corroborate) \<\<theory\>\> respaldar, confirmar, sustentar

    II
    1)
    a) c ( of structure) soporte m
    b) u ( physical)
    2)
    a) u ( financial) ayuda f (económica), apoyo m (económico)
    b) c ( person) sostén m
    3) u (backing, encouragement) apoyo m, respaldo m
    4) u
    a) ( Mil) apoyo m, refuerzo m
    b) ( backup) servicio m al cliente

    technical/dealer support — servicio técnico/de ventas; (before n) <package, material> adicional, suplementario

    5)

    in support of — (as prep)

    [sǝ'pɔːt]
    1. N
    a) (=object) soporte m
    b) (=capacity to support) soporte m
    c) (Med) soporte m
    2) (fig)
    a) (=help) apoyo m

    • to give sb support — dar apoyo a algn, apoyar a algn

    • moral support — apoyo moral

    b) (=backing) apoyo m

    he has given his support to the reform programme — ha apoyado or respaldado el programa de reforma, ha dado su apoyo or respaldo al programa de reforma

    do I have I your support in this? — ¿puedo contar con tu apoyo para esto?

    • their capacity to act in support of their political objectives — su capacidad de actuar en pos de sus objetivos políticos

    • popular support — apoyo m popular

    c) (financial) ayuda f, respaldo m

    financial support — ayuda f económica, respaldo m económico

    with Government support — con la ayuda del Gobierno, respaldado por el Gobierno

    d) (esp Comm) (=backup) servicio m de asistencia (al cliente)

    • after-sales support — servicio m posventa, asistencia f posventa

    • technical support — servicio m de asistencia técnica

    e) (Mil) apoyo m
    f) (=evidence)

    in support of this argument he states that... — para apoyar or respaldar este argumento aduce que...

    2. VT
    1) (=hold up) sostener

    raise your upper body off the ground, supporting your weight on your arms — apoyándose en los brazos levante el tronco del suelo

    to support o.s. — (physically) apoyarse (on en)

    2) (=help)
    a) (emotionally) apoyar
    b) (financially) [+ person] mantener; [+ organization, project] financiar

    to support o.s. — (financially) ganarse la vida

    3) (=back) [+ proposal, project, person] apoyar
    4) (Sport) [+ team]

    who do you support? — ¿de qué equipo eres (hincha)?

    come and support your team! — ¡ven a animar a tu equipo!

    5) (=corroborate) [+ theory, view] respaldar, confirmar
    6) (=sustain)

    an environment capable of supporting human life — un medio en que existen las condiciones necesarias para que se desarrolle la vida humana

    7) frm (=tolerate) tolerar
    8) (Mus) [+ band] actuar de telonero/teloneros de
    9) (Cine, Theat) [+ principal actor] secundar
    3.
    CPD

    support band N — (Mus) teloneros mpl

    support group N — grupo m de apoyo

    a support group for victims of crime — un grupo de apoyo or una asociación de ayuda a las víctimas de la delincuencia

    support hose N — medias fpl de compresión graduada

    support network N — red f de apoyo

    support ship N — barco m de apoyo

    support stocking N — media f de compresión graduada

    support tights NPL — medias fpl de compresión (graduada)

    support troops NPL — tropas fpl de apoyo

    * * *

    I [sə'pɔːrt, sə'pɔːt]
    1) ( hold up) \<\<bridge/structure\>\> sostener*
    2)
    a) (maintain, sustain) \<\<family/children\>\> mantener*, sostener*, sustentar

    to support oneself — ganarse la vida or (liter) el sustento

    b) ( Comput) admitir
    3)
    a) ( back) \<\<cause/motion\>\> apoyar

    which team do you support? — ¿de qué equipo eres (hincha)?

    b) ( back up) apoyar
    4) ( corroborate) \<\<theory\>\> respaldar, confirmar, sustentar

    II
    1)
    a) c ( of structure) soporte m
    b) u ( physical)
    2)
    a) u ( financial) ayuda f (económica), apoyo m (económico)
    b) c ( person) sostén m
    3) u (backing, encouragement) apoyo m, respaldo m
    4) u
    a) ( Mil) apoyo m, refuerzo m
    b) ( backup) servicio m al cliente

    technical/dealer support — servicio técnico/de ventas; (before n) <package, material> adicional, suplementario

    5)

    in support of — (as prep)

    English-spanish dictionary > support

  • 7 support

    1. transitive verb
    1) (hold up) stützen [Mauer, Verletzten]; (bear weight of) tragen [Dach]
    2) (give strength to) stärken
    3) unterstützen [Politik, Verein]; (Footb.)
    4) (give money to) unterstützen; spenden für
    5) (provide for) ernähren [Familie, sich selbst]
    6) (bring facts to confirm) stützen [Theorie, Anspruch, Behauptung]; (speak in favour of) befürworten [Streik, Maßnahme]
    2. noun
    1) Unterstützung, die

    give support to somebody/something — jemanden/etwas unterstützen

    speak in support of somebody/something — jemanden unterstützen/etwas befürworten

    2) (somebody/something that supports) Stütze, die

    hold on to somebody/something for support — sich an jemandem/etwas festhalten

    * * *
    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) tragen
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) unterstützen
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) erhärten
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) unterhalten
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) die Unterstützung
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) die Stütze
    •
    - academic.ru/72313/supporter">supporter
    - supporting
    * * *
    sup·port
    [səˈpɔ:t, AM -ˈpɔ:rt]
    I. vt
    1. (hold up)
    ▪ to \support sb/sth jdn/etw stützen
    ▪ to be \supported on [or by] sth von etw dat gestützt werden
    ▪ to \support oneself on sth sich akk auf etw akk stützen
    to \support a currency eine Währung stützen
    to \support a roof ein Dach abstützen
    to \support sb's weight jds Gewicht tragen
    the ice is thick enough to \support our weight das Eis ist so dick, dass es uns trägt
    2. (sustain)
    to \support life für den Lebensunterhalt sorgen
    3. (fulfill)
    to \support a role eine Rolle spielen
    to not/no longer \support sth etw nicht/nicht länger ertragen [o geh erdulden] [o fam aushalten
    to \support sb/sth jdn/etw [finanziell] unterstützen [o absichern]
    to \support one's lifestyle seinen Lebensstil finanzieren
    ▪ to \support sb für jds Lebensunterhalt aufkommen
    ▪ to \support oneself seinen Lebensunterhalt [selbst] bestreiten
    to \support a family eine Familie unterhalten
    7. (comfort)
    ▪ to \support sb/sth jdn/etw unterstützen
    ▪ to \support sb in sth jdn bei etw dat unterstützen
    the union is \supporting Linda in her claim that she was unfairly dismissed die Gewerkschaft unterstützt Lindas Behauptung, sie sei zu Unrecht entlassen worden
    ▪ to \support sb/sth jdn/etw unterstützen
    to \support a cause für eine Sache eintreten
    to \support a plan einen Plan befürworten
    ▪ to \support sth etw belegen
    to \support a theory eine Theorie beweisen
    10. SPORT
    to \support a sportsman/team für einen Sportler/ein Team sein
    11. COMM
    customer \support Kundenbetreuung f
    12. COMPUT
    to \support a device/language/program ein Gerät/eine Sprache/ein Programm unterstützen
    II. n
    1. (prop) Stütze f; ARCHIT Träger m; FASHION Stütze f
    knee \support Kniestrumpf m
    \support stockings Stützstrümpfe pl
    2. no pl (act of holding) Halt m
    to give sth \support etw dat Halt geben
    3. no pl (material assistance) Unterstützung f
    financial \support finanzielle Unterstützung
    a [visible] means of \support eine [bekannte] Einnahmequelle
    to withdraw \support from sb/sth jdm/etw die weitere Unterstützung entziehen; LAW Unterhalt m
    action for \support Unterhaltsklage f
    to receive \support Unterhalt bekommen
    4. no pl (comfort) Halt m fig, Stütze f fig
    ▪ to be a \support to sb jdm eine Stütze sein
    letters of \support Sympathieschreiben pl
    moral \support moralische Unterstützung
    to give sb a lot of \support jdm großen Rückhalt geben
    to give sb moral \support jdn moralisch unterstützen
    5. no pl (encouragement) Unterstützung f; (proof of truth) Beweis m
    to drum up \support for sth Unterstützung für etw akk auftreiben
    to enlist the \support of sb jds Unterstützung gewinnen
    to lend \support to a theory eine Theorie erhärten
    to pledge \support for sth etw dat seine Unterstützung zusichern
    6. COMPUT Support m
    7.
    ▶ in \support of (to assist) als Unterstützung; (to express approval) zur Unterstützung
    to vote in \support of the President für den Präsidenten stimmen; (to obtain) um etw zu erreichen
    the miners have come out on strike in \support of their pay claim die Bergarbeiter sind in den Streik getreten, um ihrer Lohnforderung Nachdruck zu verleihen
    * * *
    [sə'pɔːt]
    1. n
    1) (lit) Stütze f

    to give support to sb/sth — jdn/etw stützen

    2) (fig no pl = moral, financial backing) Unterstützung f; (= person) Stütze f; (COMPUT ETC) Support m

    to speak in support of sb/sth — etw/jdn unterstützen

    2. attr (MIL ETC)
    Hilfs-
    3. vt
    1) (lit) stützen; (= bear the weight of) tragen
    2) (fig) unterstützen (ALSO COMPUT); plan, motion, sb's application befürworten, unterstützen; party, cause eintreten für, unterstützen; (= give moral support to) beistehen (+dat), Rückhalt geben (+dat); (= corroborate) claim, theory erhärten, untermauern; (financially) family unterhalten; party, orchestra finanziell unterstützen

    he supports Arsenal — er ist Arsenal-Anhänger m

    Burton and Taylor, supported by X and Y — Burton und Taylor, mit X und Y in den Nebenrollen

    3) (= endure) bad behaviour, tantrums dulden, ertragen
    4. vr
    (physically) sich stützen (on auf +acc); (financially) seinen Unterhalt (selbst) bestreiten
    * * *
    support [səˈpɔː(r)t; US auch -ˈpəʊrt]
    A v/t
    1. ein Gewicht, eine Wand etc tragen, (ab)stützen, (aus)halten
    2. ertragen, (er)dulden, aushalten
    3. jemanden unterstützen, stärken, jemandem beistehen, jemandem Rückendeckung geben:
    what supported him was hope nur die Hoffnung hielt ihn aufrecht
    4. eine Familie erhalten, unterhalten, sorgen für, ernähren (on von):
    support o.s. für seinen Lebensunterhalt sorgen;
    support o.s. on sich ernähren oder erhalten von
    5. für ein Projekt etc aufkommen, finanzieren
    6. ein Gespräch etc in Gang halten
    7. a) für einen Kandidaten, eine Politik etc eintreten, unterstützen, fördern, befürworten
    b) sich einer Ansicht etc anschließen
    8. eine Theorie etc vertreten
    9. beweisen, begründen, erhärten, rechtfertigen
    10. WIRTSCH
    a) eine Währung decken
    b) einen Preis halten, stützen
    11. THEAT etc
    a) eine Rolle spielen
    b) als Nebendarsteller(in) mit einem Star etc auftreten
    B s
    1. a) allg Stütze f:
    support stocking Stützstrumpf m
    b) (Turnen) Stütz m
    2. ARCH, TECH
    a) Stütze f, Halter m, Träger m, Ständer m
    b) Strebe f, Absteifung f
    c) Lagerung f, Bettung f
    d) Stativ n
    e) ARCH Durchzug m
    3. MIL (Gewehr) Auflage f
    4. ( auch MIL taktische) Unterstützung, Beistand m, Rückhalt m, Rückendeckung f:
    give support to → A 3;
    this plan has my full support hat meine volle Unterstützung;
    in support of zur Unterstützung von (od gen);
    support buying WIRTSCH Stützungskäufe pl;
    support group Selbsthilfegruppe f
    5. Unterhaltung f (einer Familie etc)
    6. (Lebens)Unterhalt m
    7. fig Stütze f, (Rück)Halt m
    8. Aufrechterhaltung f
    9. Erhärtung f, Beweis m:
    in support of zur Rechtfertigung von (od gen)
    10. MIL Reserve f, Verstärkung f
    11. THEAT
    a) Partner(in) (eines Stars)
    b) Unterstützung f (eines Stars) (durch das Ensemble)
    c) Ensemble n
    12. FOTO Träger m
    13. (Team von Fachleuten zur Behebung von Computerproblemen etc) Support m
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    1) (hold up) stützen [Mauer, Verletzten]; (bear weight of) tragen [Dach]
    2) (give strength to) stärken
    3) unterstützen [Politik, Verein]; (Footb.)
    4) (give money to) unterstützen; spenden für
    5) (provide for) ernähren [Familie, sich selbst]
    6) (bring facts to confirm) stützen [Theorie, Anspruch, Behauptung]; (speak in favour of) befürworten [Streik, Maßnahme]
    2. noun
    1) Unterstützung, die

    give support to somebody/something — jemanden/etwas unterstützen

    speak in support of somebody/something — jemanden unterstützen/etwas befürworten

    2) (somebody/something that supports) Stütze, die

    hold on to somebody/something for support — sich an jemandem/etwas festhalten

    * * *
    n.
    Auflage f.
    Gestell -e n.
    Rückendeckung f.
    Stütze -n f.
    Unterstützung f. v.
    abstützen v.
    befürworten v.
    ernähren v.
    fördern v.
    stützen v.
    unterstützen v.

    English-german dictionary > support

  • 8 near cash

    !
    гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.
    The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
    "
    consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
    " "
    the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
    " "
    strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
    "
    the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.
    The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
    "
    the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
    "
    the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.
    Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.
    Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)
    "
    Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
    "
    Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.
    More information about DEL and AME is set out below.
    In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.
    To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.
    Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.
    Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.
    There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.
    AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.
    AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.
    AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.
    Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.
    Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.
    Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
    "
    Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
    "
    Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
    "
    Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
    "
    The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.
    The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.
    The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.
    Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.
    The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
    "
    provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
    " "
    enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
    " "
    introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
    "
    not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.
    To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.
    A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
    "
    an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
    " "
    an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
    " "
    to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
    "
    further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.
    The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.
    Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.
    The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.
    Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.
    To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.
    This document was updated on 19 December 2005.
    Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    "
    GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
    "
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money
    ————————————————————————————————————————
    GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.
    ————————————————————————————————————————

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash

  • 9 support

    I [sə'pɔːt]
    1) (moral, financial, political) supporto m., sostegno m., appoggio m., aiuto m.

    air, land, sea support — mil. appoggio aereo, terrestre, marittimo

    to give sb., sth. (one's) support — dare a qcn., qcs. il proprio sostegno

    in support of sb., sth. — a sostegno di qcn., qcs.

    means of support — (financial) mezzi di sostentamento o di sussistenza

    2) (physical, for weight) supporto m. (anche ing.); (for limb) stecca f.
    3) (person) sostegno m., aiuto m.
    4) (at concert) supporter m. e f.
    II 1. [sə'pɔːt]
    1) (provide moral, financial backing) sostenere [cause, party]; tifare per [ team]; appoggiare [ person]; fare [ charity]
    2) (physically) sostenere, reggere [weight, person]
    3) (validate) confermare, corroborare [argument, theory]
    4) (maintain) [ breadwinner] mantenere, sostentare [ family]; [land, farm] nutrire, sostentare; [ charity] aiutare
    5) (put up with) form. sopportare [ adverse conditions]; sopportare, tollerare [ bad behaviour]
    6) inform. [ computer] supportare [ programme]
    2.
    * * *
    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) sostenere
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) sostenere, appoggiare
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) confermare
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) mantenere
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) supporto, sostegno, appoggio
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) supporto
    •
    - supporting
    * * *
    I [sə'pɔːt]
    1) (moral, financial, political) supporto m., sostegno m., appoggio m., aiuto m.

    air, land, sea support — mil. appoggio aereo, terrestre, marittimo

    to give sb., sth. (one's) support — dare a qcn., qcs. il proprio sostegno

    in support of sb., sth. — a sostegno di qcn., qcs.

    means of support — (financial) mezzi di sostentamento o di sussistenza

    2) (physical, for weight) supporto m. (anche ing.); (for limb) stecca f.
    3) (person) sostegno m., aiuto m.
    4) (at concert) supporter m. e f.
    II 1. [sə'pɔːt]
    1) (provide moral, financial backing) sostenere [cause, party]; tifare per [ team]; appoggiare [ person]; fare [ charity]
    2) (physically) sostenere, reggere [weight, person]
    3) (validate) confermare, corroborare [argument, theory]
    4) (maintain) [ breadwinner] mantenere, sostentare [ family]; [land, farm] nutrire, sostentare; [ charity] aiutare
    5) (put up with) form. sopportare [ adverse conditions]; sopportare, tollerare [ bad behaviour]
    6) inform. [ computer] supportare [ programme]
    2.

    English-Italian dictionary > support

  • 10 support

    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) bære; støtte
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) støtte
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) bevise; underbygge
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) forsørge
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) støtte; underhold
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) (bro-)pille
    •
    - supporting
    * * *
    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) bære; støtte
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) støtte
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) bevise; underbygge
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) forsørge
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) støtte; underhold
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) (bro-)pille
    •
    - supporting

    English-Danish dictionary > support

  • 11 protected starter

    1. комбинированный пускатель
    2. защищенный пускатель

     

    защищенный пускатель
    Комбинация пускателя, коммутационного аппарата с ручным управлением и аппарата защиты от коротких замыканий в оболочке или без нее, смонтированных и соединенных по инструкции изготовителя.
    Примечание. Коммутационный аппарат с ручным управлением и аппарат защиты от коротких замыканий могут представлять собой единый аппарат и оснащаться дополнительно защитой от перегрузок.
    [ ГОСТ Р 50030.4.1-2002 (МЭК 60947-4-1-2000)]

    EN

    protected starter
    equipment consisting of a starter, a manually-operated switching device and a short-circuit protective device, rated as a unit by the manufacturer
    NOTE 1 - The protected starter may or may not be enclosed.
    NOTE 2 - In the context of this standard, the term “manufacturer“ means any person, company or organization with ultimate responsibility as follows:
    – to verify compliance with the appropriate standard;
    – to provide the product information according to Clause 6.
    NOTE 3 - The manually operated switching device and the short-circuit protective device may be just one device and may also incorporate the starter overload protection.
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    FR

    démarreur protégé
    matériel comprenant un démarreur, un appareil de connexion à commande manuelle et un dispositif de protection contre les courts-circuits, caractérisé comme une unité par le fabricant
    NOTE 1 - Le démarreur protégé peut ou non être sous enveloppe.
    NOTE 2 - Dans le contexte de la présente norme, le terme «fabricant» signifie toute personne, entreprise ou organisation ayant la responsabilité ultime:
    – de vérifier la conformité avec la norme appropriée;
    – de fournir l’information sur le matériel selon l’Article 6.
    NOTE 3 - L'appareil de connexion à commande manuelle et le dispositif de protection contre les courts-circuits peuvent être seulement un appareil et peuvent également incorporer la protection contre les surcharges du démarreur.
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    Тематики

    EN

    FR

     

    комбинированный пускатель
    Комбинация пускателя, коммутационного аппарата с наружным органом ручного управления и аппарата защиты от коротких замыканий, смонтированных и соединенных в предусмотренной для этого оболочке. Функции коммутационного аппарата и аппарата защиты от коротких замыканий могут выполнять комбинация с плавкими предохранителями, выключатель с плавкими предохранителями или автоматический выключатель, пригодный или непригодный для разъединения.

    0052
    1 — автоматический выключатель; 2 — контактор; 3 — реле перегрузки; 4 — выключатель цепи управления; 5 — автоматический выключатель с одним только магнитным расцепителем; 6 — выключатель-разъединитель; 7 — плавкий предохранитель; 8 — разъединитель с плавким предохранителем; 9— автоматический выключатель с расцепителем перегрузки, соответствующим настоящему стандарту

    Примечания
    1 Предусмотренная оболочка — это специально спроектированная и рассчитанная для данного применения оболочка, в которой проводят все испытания.
    2 Коммутационный аппарат с ручным управлением и устройство защиты от коротких замыканий могут представлять собой единый аппарат и оснащаться дополнительно защитой от перегрузок.

    [ ГОСТ Р 50030.4.1-2002 (МЭК 60947-4-1-2000)]

    EN

    protected starter
    equipment consisting of a starter, a manually-operated switching device and a short-circuit protective device, rated as a unit by the manufacturer
    NOTE 1 The protected starter may or may not be enclosed.
    NOTE 2 In the context of this standard, the term “manufacturer“ means any person, company or organization with ultimate responsibility as follows:
    – to verify compliance with the appropriate standard;
    – to provide the product information according to Clause 6.
    NOTE 3 The manually operated switching device and the short-circuit protective device may be just one device and may also incorporate the starter overload protection.
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    combination starter
    equipment consisting of a protected starter incorporating an isolating function
    NOTE Also called "combination motor controller".
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    FR

    démarreur protégé
    matériel comprenant un démarreur, un appareil de connexion à commande manuelle et un dispositif de protection contre les courts-circuits, caractérisé comme une unité par le fabricant
    NOTE 1 Le démarreur protégé peut ou non être sous enveloppe.
    NOTE 2 Dans le contexte de la présente norme, le terme «fabricant» signifie toute personne, entreprise ou organisation ayant la responsabilité ultime:
    – de vérifier la conformité avec la norme appropriée;
    – de fournir l’information sur le matériel selon l’Article 6.
    NOTE 3 L'appareil de connexion à commande manuelle et le dispositif de protection contre les courts-circuits peuvent être seulement un appareil et peuvent également incorporer la protection contre les surcharges du démarreur.
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    combiné de démarrage
    matériel comprenant un démarreur protégé incorporant une fonction de sectionnement
    NOTE Également appelé «combiné contrôleur de moteur».
    [IEC 60947-4-1, ed. 3.0 (2009-09)]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU

    Combination starter
    Equipment consisting of a starter and a short-circuit protective device, mounted and wired in a dedicated enclosure. The switching and short-circuit protective devices may be a fuse combination unit, a switch with fuses or a circuit-breaker with or without an isolating function.
    [ABB]

    Комбинированный пускатель
    Комбинация пускателя и аппарата защиты от коротких замыканий, смонтированных и соединенных в предусмотренной для этого оболочке. Функции коммутационного аппарата и аппарата защиты от коротких замыканий могут выполнять комбинация с плавкими предохранителями, выключатель с плавкими предохранителями или автоматический выключатель, пригодный или непригодный для разъединения.
    [Перевод Интент]

    Тематики

    EN

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > protected starter

  • 12 support

    sə'po:t 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) støtte, holde (oppe), bære
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) gi støtte til
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) støtte, underbygge
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) forsørge
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) støtte; underhold
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) stolpe, støtte
    •
    - supporting
    levebrød
    --------
    støtte
    --------
    tåle
    I
    subst. \/səˈpɔːt\/
    1) ( overført) støtte, hjelp, oppmuntring
    2) støtte, stativ
    3) ( økonomisk) understøttelse, hjelp
    4) (familie)forsørger, hjelper
    5) ( teater) innehaver av birolle
    6) ( tømrerfag) stender
    7) støttebandasje, støttebind
    8) ( EDB) brukerstøtte, systemstøtte
    give support to gi støtte til, støtte
    in support of til støtte for
    support hose støttestrømpe(r)
    II
    verb \/səˈpɔːt\/
    1) ( om tyngde) støtte, holde oppe, bære
    2) ( overført) opprettholde
    3) (om oppgave, rolle) utføre, fylle
    4) utholde, tåle
    5) gi økonomisk støtte, bekoste
    6) forsørge, underholde, hjelpe, støtte
    7) (om forslag, krav e.l.) støtte
    8) underbygge, bekrefte, bestyrke
    9) ( om sportslag e.l.) støtte, være tilhenger av
    10) ( EDB) understøtte, gi systemstøtte
    • the new version of the programme did not support all the functions they needed
    11) (ved pop-, rockekonserter) fungere som oppvarmingsband
    12) ( teater) inneha en birolle
    support oneself forsørge seg selv, livnære seg holde seg oppreist

    English-Norwegian dictionary > support

  • 13 pole of a switch

    1. полюс выключателя
    2. полюс (автоматического выключателя)

     

    полюс (автоматического выключателя)
    Часть автоматического выключателя, связанная исключительно с одним электрически независимым токопроводящим путем главной цепи и имеющая контакты, предназначенные для замыкания и размыкания главной цепи, и не включающая элементы, предназначенные для монтажа и оперирования всеми полюсами.
    [ ГОСТ Р 50345-99( МЭК 60898-95) ]

    EN

    pole of a circuit-breaker
    that part of a circuit-breaker associated exclusively with one electrically separated conducting path of its main circuit provided with contacts intended to connect and disconnect the main circuit itself and excluding those portions which provide a means for mounting and operating the poles together.
    [IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]

    FR

    pôle d'un disjoncteur
    élément d'un disjoncteur associé exclusivement à un chemin conducteur électriquement séparé faisant partie du circuit principal, muni de contacts destinés à fermer et ouvrir le circuit principal lui-même, et ne comprenant pas les éléments constituants assurant la fixation et le fonctionnement d'ensemble de tous les pôles.
    [IEC 60898-1, ed. 1.0 (2002-01)]

    Полюс автоматического выключателя может быть защищенным, незащищенным и отключающим нейтральным.
    Защищенный полюс оснащен максимальным расцепителем тока.
    Незащищенный полюс не имеет максимального расцепителя тока, но способен функционировать так же, как защищенный полюс того же автоматического выключателя.
    Отключающий нейтральный полюс предназначен только для замыкания и размыкания электрической цепи нулевого рабочего проводника и не предназначен для включения и отключения токов короткого замыкания.
    [В. Н. ХАРЕЧКО, Ю. В. ХАРЕЧКО Автоматические выключатели модульного исполнения. Справочное пособие. Москва 2002]
    Одновременная нагрузка всех полюсов
    [ ГОСТ 9098-78]
     

    Тематики

    EN

    FR

     

    полюс выключателя
    Часть коммутационного аппарата, связанная только с одной электрически независимой частью главной цепи тока и не включающая части, предназначенные для совместного монтажа и оперирования всеми полюсами.
    [ ГОСТ Р 52565-2006]

    полюс (выключателя)
    Часть выключателя, связанная одной токопроводящей частью (путем), образованной отдельными частями, общими с другими проводящими частями выключателя, с его цепью (цепями), имеющая контакты, предназначенные для замыкания и размыкания самой цепи, исключая те части, которые служат для монтажа и оперирования полюсами совместно.
    [ ГОСТ Р 51324. 1-2005 ( МЭК 60669-1: 2000)]

    EN

    pole of a switching device
    the portion of a switching device associated exclusively with one electrically separated conducting path of its main circuit and excluding those portions which provide a means for mounting and operating all poles together
    NOTE – A switching device is called single-pole if it has only one pole. If it has more than one pole, it may be called multipole (two-pole, three-pole, etc.) provided the poles are or can be coupled in such a manner as to operate together.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

    FR

    pôle d'un appareil de connexion
    élément constituant d'un appareil de connexion associé exclusivement à un chemin conducteur électriquement séparé appartenant à son circuit principal, cet élément ne comprenant pas les éléments constituants assurant la fixation et le fonctionnement d'ensemble de tous les pôles
    NOTE – Un appareil de connexion est appelé unipolaire s'il n'a qu'un pôle. S'il a plus d'un pôle, il peut être appelé multipolaire (bipolaire, tripolaire, etc.) à condition que les pôles soient ou puissent être liés entre eux de façon qu'ils fonctionnent ensemble.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

    Тематики

    • выключатель, переключатель

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > pole of a switch

  • 14 pole of a switching device

    1. полюс коммутационного аппарата
    2. полюс выключателя

     

    полюс выключателя
    Часть коммутационного аппарата, связанная только с одной электрически независимой частью главной цепи тока и не включающая части, предназначенные для совместного монтажа и оперирования всеми полюсами.
    [ ГОСТ Р 52565-2006]

    полюс (выключателя)
    Часть выключателя, связанная одной токопроводящей частью (путем), образованной отдельными частями, общими с другими проводящими частями выключателя, с его цепью (цепями), имеющая контакты, предназначенные для замыкания и размыкания самой цепи, исключая те части, которые служат для монтажа и оперирования полюсами совместно.
    [ ГОСТ Р 51324. 1-2005 ( МЭК 60669-1: 2000)]

    EN

    pole of a switching device
    the portion of a switching device associated exclusively with one electrically separated conducting path of its main circuit and excluding those portions which provide a means for mounting and operating all poles together
    NOTE – A switching device is called single-pole if it has only one pole. If it has more than one pole, it may be called multipole (two-pole, three-pole, etc.) provided the poles are or can be coupled in such a manner as to operate together.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

    FR

    pôle d'un appareil de connexion
    élément constituant d'un appareil de connexion associé exclusivement à un chemin conducteur électriquement séparé appartenant à son circuit principal, cet élément ne comprenant pas les éléments constituants assurant la fixation et le fonctionnement d'ensemble de tous les pôles
    NOTE – Un appareil de connexion est appelé unipolaire s'il n'a qu'un pôle. S'il a plus d'un pôle, il peut être appelé multipolaire (bipolaire, tripolaire, etc.) à condition que les pôles soient ou puissent être liés entre eux de façon qu'ils fonctionnent ensemble.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

    Тематики

    • выключатель, переключатель

    EN

    DE

    FR

     

    полюс коммутационного аппарата
    Часть коммутационного аппарата, связанная исключительно с одним электрически отделенным токопроводящим путем главной цепи, за исключением частей, служащих для монтажа и оперирования всеми полюсами совместно.
    МЭК 60050(441-15-01).
    Примечание. Коммутационный аппарат называется однополюсным при наличии только одного полюса. Если число полюсов больше одного, его можно назвать многополюсным (двух-, трехполюсным и т. п.) при условии, что эти полюса соединены или могут быть соединены для совместного оперирования.
    [ ГОСТ Р 50030. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60947-1-99)]

    EN

    pole of a switching device
    the portion of a switching device associated exclusively with one electrically separated conducting path of its main circuit and excluding those portions which provide a means for mounting and operating all poles together
    NOTE – A switching device is called single-pole if it has only one pole. If it has more than one pole, it may be called multipole (two-pole, three-pole, etc.) provided the poles are or can be coupled in such a manner as to operate together.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

    FR

    pôle d'un appareil de connexion
    élément constituant d'un appareil de connexion associé exclusivement à un chemin conducteur électriquement séparé appartenant à son circuit principal, cet élément ne comprenant pas les éléments constituants assurant la fixation et le fonctionnement d'ensemble de tous les pôles
    NOTE – Un appareil de connexion est appelé unipolaire s'il n'a qu'un pôle. S'il a plus d'un pôle, il peut être appelé multipolaire (bipolaire, tripolaire, etc.) à condition que les pôles soient ou puissent être liés entre eux de façon qu'ils fonctionnent ensemble.
    [IEV number 441-15-01]

     


     

    Тематики

    • аппарат, изделие, устройство...

    EN

    DE

    FR

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > pole of a switching device

  • 15 support

    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) halda upp; styðja (við)
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) styðja, aðstoða
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) styðja, styrkja
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) sjá fyrir, framfleyta
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) stuðningur; framfærsla
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) stoð, undirstaða
    •
    - supporting

    English-Icelandic dictionary > support

  • 16 support

    biztosítás, oszlop, segély, pártfogás, segítség to support: igazol, megtart, gyámolít, támaszt
    * * *
    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) (meg)tart
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) támogat
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) alátámaszt
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) eltart
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) támogatás
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) tartó
    •
    - supporting

    English-Hungarian dictionary > support

  • 17 support

    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) apoiar
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) apoiar
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) confirmar
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) sustentar
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) apoio
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) suporte
    •
    - supporting
    * * *
    sup.port
    [səp'ɔ:t] n 1 assistência, ajuda, auxílio, amparo, apoio. 2 manutenção, subsistência, sustento. 3 Archit suporte, apoio, esteio, espeque, base. he gives support to his sister / ele sustenta sua irmã. 4 Phot tripé. 5 Mil proteção, assistência, defesa. 6 arrimo. she is the only support of her parents / ela é o único arrimo de seus pais. • vt 1 sustentar, suportar, escorar. 2 fortalecer, encorajar, ajudar, auxiliar. 3 manter, sustentar, cuidar. 4 favorecer, defender, apoiar. 5 advogar, justificar, defender, patrocinar. 6 provar, verificar, afirmar, substanciar, confirmar. 7 Mil proteger, dar assistência (em combate). 8 sofrer, tolerar, agüentar. 9 assistir, atender. 10 representar (papel) com sucesso. in support of his theories em defesa de suas teorias. moral support apoio moral. to strongly support apoiar muito alguém. to support someone in apoiar alguém em, concordar com alguém para. with my support com meu auxílio.

    English-Portuguese dictionary > support

  • 18 support

    n. destek, arka, yardım, altlık, takviye, dayanak, payanda, doğrulama, arka çıkma, yardımcı oyuncu, yardımcı oyuncular
    ————————
    v. desteklemek, para yardımı yapmak, dayamak, destek olmak, güç vermek, para sağlamak, taraftarı olmak, kuvvetlendirmek, özendirmek, yardım etmek, cesaret vermek, tutmak, geçindirmek, bakmak, sürdürmek, takviye etmek, ısrar etmek, doğrulamak, kanıtlamak, üstlenmek, yardımcı rolde oynamak
    * * *
    1. destekle (v.) 2. destek (n.)
    * * *
    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) desteklemek, çekmek
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) desteklemek, arka olmak/çıkmak
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) doğrulamak
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) bakmak, geçindirmek
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) destek, destekleme
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) destek, payanda
    •
    - supporting

    English-Turkish dictionary > support

  • 19 support

    [sə'po:t] 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) prenesti; podpreti
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) podpreti
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) podpreti
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) vzdrževati
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) podpora
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) podpornik
    •
    - supporting
    * * *
    I [səpɔ:t]
    noun
    podpora, podpiranje, pomoč; zaščita, obramba; vzdrževanje, sredstva za življenje; plural military ojačenje, rezerva; opora; photography stojalo; ležaj; potrdilo, dokaz
    in support military v rezervi
    in support of — v podkrepitev (prid, korist) česa
    to give support to s.o. — podpreti, podpirati koga
    II [səpɔ:t]
    transitive verb
    podpirati, podpreti; prenašati, trpeti (kaj); dajati (komu) moč, bodriti, pomagati (komu); braniti, zagovarjati, pospeševati, zavzeti se za, potegniti se za; vzdrževati, hraniti (koga); plačati, financirati; architecture nositi, podpirati, držati (kaj); theatre igrati (vlogo), nastopiti kot soigralec
    to support o.s. — vzdrževati se
    to support a trial — prenašati, prestajati preskušnjo

    English-Slovenian dictionary > support

  • 20 support

    • olla apuna
    • olla tukena
    • ruokkia
    • tuki
    • tuki (avustaminen)
    • tuki-
    • todistaa
    • tukea
    • tukea(tietotekn)
    • tukeminen
    automatic data processing
    • tukea (ATK)
    • noja (tuki)
    • noja
    • hyväksyä
    • jalusta
    • helliä
    • hoivata
    • hirsi
    • hoitaa
    • huolto
    • huoltaa
    • huolehtia
    • avunanto
    • auttaa
    • avustaminen
    • avustus
    • avustaa
    • edustaa
    • elättäminen
    • elättää
    • elanto
    • elatus
    • sietää
    • ajaa asiaa
    • antaa apua
    • apu
    • vaalia
    • vahvistaa
    • voimistaa
    • puolustaa
    • puolenpito
    • puoltaa
    • pönkittää
    • pönkkä
    • pylväs
    • ravita
    • teline
    • kasvattaa
    • kantaja
    • kantoaine
    • kantaa
    • kestää
    • kannattaa
    • kannatin
    • kannatella
    • kannatus(markkinatalous)
    • kannatus
    finance, business, economy
    • kannatus (tal.)
    • mukavuus
    • myötävaikutus
    building / construction industry
    • perustus
    • pidellä
    • suosia
    • surunvalittelu
    • ylläpito
    • ylläpitää
    • pitää pystyssä
    • pitää koholla
    • pilari
    • pitää huolta
    • pitää yllä
    * * *
    sə'po:t 1. verb
    1) (to bear the weight of, or hold upright, in place etc: That chair won't support him / his weight; He limped home, supported by a friend on either side of him.) kannattaa
    2) (to give help, or approval to: He has always supported our cause; His family supported him in his decision.) tukea
    3) (to provide evidence for the truth of: New discoveries have been made that support his theory; The second witness supported the statement of the first one.) vahvistaa
    4) (to supply with the means of living: He has a wife and four children to support.) elättää
    2. noun
    1) (the act of supporting or state of being supported: That type of shoe doesn't give the foot much support; The plan was cancelled because of lack of support; Her job is the family's only means of support; I would like to say a word or two in support of his proposal.) tuki
    2) (something that supports: One of the supports of the bridge collapsed.) tuki
    •
    - supporting

    English-Finnish dictionary > support

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