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21 write down
['rait'daun]phr v1) несхвально або зневажливо відгукнутися в друці (про кого-н.); розвінчати (кого-н.), пременшувати (чиї-н.) заслуги ( в газеті)2) відносити до якої-н. категорії; називати, вважати; характеризувати3) кoм. уцінити ( товар)4) реєструвати5) обч. записувати6) писати для аудиторії з невисоким рівнем освіти або культури -
22 write down
1) записывать
2) отзываться( о ком-л.) пренебрежительно или неодобрительно в печати
3) описать, изобразить отозваться неодобрительно или пренебрежительно в печати (о ком-л.) ;
развенчать( кого-л.), преуменьшить( чьи-л.) заслуги( в газете) относить к какой-л. категории;
называть,, считать;
характеризовать - I wrote him dowm as a shrewd fellow я считаю его хитрецом (коммерческое) (редкое) уценить (товар) регистрировать( компьютерное) записывать - to * the program составлять программу писать для аудитории с невысоким уровнем образования или культурыБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > write down
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23 program cycle
English-Russian dictionary of Information technology > program cycle
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24 program-distribution amplifier
English-Russian dictionary of Information technology > program-distribution amplifier
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25 write fff read and read only partition
English-Russian big medical dictionary > write fff read and read only partition
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26 write/read or read only partition
English-Russian big medical dictionary > write/read or read only partition
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27 write the program
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > write the program
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28 write a program
Техника: составлять программу -
29 write down the program
Общая лексика: составлять программуУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > write down the program
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30 write program
SAP.тех. программа архивации -
31 write the program
Вычислительная техника: составлять программу -
32 write the program
English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > write the program
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33 write the program
English-Russian dictionary of computer science > write the program
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34 write teletext program binary data in a memory
English-Russian dictionary of telecommunications > write teletext program binary data in a memory
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35 Artificial Intelligence
In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, EventuallyJust as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the ProgramMany problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)[AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract FormThe basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory FormationIt is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular ContextsEven if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial IntelligenceThe primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary PropositionsIn artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence
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36 record
1. 'reko:d, -kəd, ]( American) -kərd noun1) (a written report of facts, events etc: historical records; I wish to keep a record of everything that is said at this meeting.) constancia (escrita); archivos; registro2) (a round flat piece of (usually black) plastic on which music etc is recorded: a record of Beethoven's Sixth Symphony.) disco3) ((in races, games, or almost any activity) the best performance so far; something which has never yet been beaten: He holds the record for the 1,000 metres; The record for the high jump was broken/beaten this afternoon; He claimed to have eaten fifty sausages in a minute and asked if this was a record; (also adjective) a record score.) récord, marca, plusmarca4) (the collected facts from the past of a person, institution etc: This school has a very poor record of success in exams; He has a criminal record.) historial; (policial) antecedentes
2. rə'ko:d verb1) (to write a description of (an event, facts etc) so that they can be read in the future: The decisions will be recorded in the minutes of the meeting.) registrar, dejar constancia escrita2) (to put (the sound of music, speech etc) on a record or tape so that it can be listened to in the future: I've recorded the whole concert; Don't make any noise when I'm recording.) grabar3) ((of a dial, instrument etc) to show (a figure etc) as a reading: The thermometer recorded 30°C yesterday.) registrar4) (to give or show, especially in writing: to record one's vote in an election.) consignar•- recorder- recording
- record-player
- in record time
- off the record
- on record
record1 n1. disco2. documento / registro / constanciakeep a record of what you spend lleva la cuenta de todo lo que gastas / apunta todo lo que gastas3. expediente / historiala medical record un historial médico / ficha médica4. récordrecord2 vb1. registrar / anotar / apuntar2. grabar
récord,◊ record adjetivo invariablerecord ( before n) ■ sustantivo masculino (pl -cords) record; batir un récord to break a record; posee el récord mundial she is the world record holder
récord sustantivo masculino record
batir un récord, to break a record ' récord' also found in these entries: Spanish: acta - antecedente - batir - cariño - cartilla - consignar - constar - disco - discográfica - discográfico - discoteca - establecer - expediente - fichar - fichada - fichado - grabar - historial - hoja - minuta - nublar - palmarés - plusmarca - plusmarquista - pulverizar - registrar - repercutir - soporte - superar - tocadiscos - tocata - año - casa - catalogar - constancia - ficha - grabador - homologación - homologar - igualar - libro - marca - mundial - olímpico - poseedor - poseer - que - registro - sello - superación English: aim - beat - beating - break - clean - criminal record - hold - holder - log - off-the-record - out - police record - record - record holder - record-breaker - set - smash - tape - tape-record - unbroken - world - academic - account - all - best - book - bumper - by - chart - come - criminal - diary - disqualify - do - enter - equal - faithfully - forthcoming - go - high - history - impressive - jacket - keep - liner - long - LP - needle - note - play1 (written evidence) constancia, constancia escrita2 (note) relación nombre femenino3 (facts about a person) historial nombre masculino4 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL disco5 SMALLSPORT/SMALL récord nombre masculino, marca, plusmarca1 (write down) anotar, apuntar, tomar nota de2 (voice, music) grabar3 (instrument, gauge) registrar■ winds in excess of 110 miles per hour were recorded se registraron vientos de más de 110 millas por hora1 récord1 (files) archivos nombre masculino plural■ all our records were destroyed in the fire todos nuestros archivos fueron destruidos en el incendio\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLoff the record confidencialmenteto be on record as saying that... haber declarado públicamente que...to break a record batir un récordto have a record tener antecedentesto hold the record ostentar el récordto set a record establecer un récordto set the record straight dejar las cosas clarasmedical record historial nombre masculino médicorecord breaker plusmarquista nombre masulino o femeninorecord card ficharecord company casa discográficarecord holder plusmarquista nombre masulino o femeninorecord library fonoteca, discotecarecord player tocadiscos nombre masculinorecord token vale para comprar discos, casetes, etcrecord [ri'kɔrd] vt1) write down: anotar, apuntar2) register: registrar, hacer constar3) indicate: marcar (una temperatura, etc.)4) tape: grabarrecord ['rɛkərd] n1) document: registro m, documento m oficial2) history: historial ma good academic record: un buen historial académicocriminal record: antecedentes penales3) : récord mthe world record: el récord mundial4) : disco m (de música, etc.)to make a record: grabar un discon.• registro (Informática) s.m. (Of a meeting, etc.)n.• acta s.f.adj.• récord adj.n.• anotación s.f.• ficha s.f.• récord (Deporte) s.m. (Computing)v.• registrar (Informática) v.v.• anotar v.• archivar v.• grabar (Electrónica) v.• impresionar v.• inscribir v.
I 'rekərd, 'rekɔːd1)a) c ( document) documento m; ( of attendances etc) registro m; ( file) archivo m; ( minutes) acta f‡; ( note) nota fmedical records — historial m médico
b) (in phrases)for the record: for the record, I had no financial interest in the deal yo no me beneficiaba con el acuerdo, que conste; off the record: the minister spoke off the record el ministro habló extraoficialmente; on record: the hottest summer on record el verano más caluroso del que se tienen datos; she is on record as saying that... ha declarado públicamente que...; to put o place something on record dejar constancia de algo, hacer* constar algo; to set o put the record straight, let me point out that... — para poner las cosas en su lugar, permítame señalar que...
2) ca) (of performance, behavior)he has a good service/academic record — tiene una buena hoja de servicios/un buen currículum or historial académico
he has a poor record for timekeeping — en cuanto a puntualidad, su expediente no es bueno
b) ( criminal record) antecedentes mpl (penales)to have a record — tener* antecedentes (penales) or (CS tb) prontuario
3) c (highest, lowest, best, worst) récord m, marca fto break/set a record — batir/establecer* un récord or una marca
to hold the world record — tener* or (frml) ostentar el récord or la marca mundial
his latest movie has broken box-office records — su última película ha batido todos los récords de taquilla
4) c (Audio, Mus) disco m; (before n)record company — compañía f discográfica
record store — tienda f de discos
II
1. rɪ'kɔːrd, rɪ'kɔːd1)a) \<\<person\>\> ( write down) anotar; ( in minutes) hacer* constarb) ( register) \<\<instrument\>\> registrar2) \<\<song/program/album\>\> grabar
2.
vi grabar
III 'rekərd, 'rekɔːdadjective (before n, no comp) récord adj inv, sin precedentes['rekɔːd]1. N1) (=report, account) (gen) documento m ; (=note) nota f, apunte m ; [of meeting] acta f ; [of attendance] registro m ; (Jur) [of case] acta fit is the earliest written record of this practice — es el documento escrito más antiguo que registra esta costumbre
there is no record of it — no hay constancia de ello, no consta en ningún sitio
the highest temperatures since records began — las temperaturas más altas que se han registrado hasta la fecha
•
for the record, for the record, I disagree — no estoy de acuerdo, que constewill you tell us your full name for the record, please? — ¿podría decirnos su nombre completo para que quede constancia?
•
it is a matter of (public) record that... — hay constancia de que...he told me off the record — me dijo confidencialmente or extraoficialmente
•
on record, there is no similar example on record — no existe constancia de nada semejantethe highest temperatures on record — las temperaturas más altas que se han registrado hasta la fecha
to be/have gone on record as saying that... — haber declarado públicamente que...
off-the-record•
just to put or set the record straight, let me point out that... — simplemente para que quede claro, permítanme señalar que...2) (=memorial) testimonio mthe First World War is a record of human folly — la primera Guerra Mundial es un testimonio de la locura humana
3) (Comput) registro m4) records (=files) archivos mpl•
according to our records, you have not paid — según nuestros datos, usted no ha pagado5) (=past performance)a) (in work)the airline has a good safety record — la compañía aérea tiene un buen historial en materia de seguridad
a country's human rights record — el historial or la trayectoria de un país en materia de derechos humanos
track 4.•
he left behind a splendid record of achievements — ha dejado atrás una magnífica hoja de serviciosb) (Med) historial mpoliced) (Mil) hoja f de servicioswar record — historial m de guerra
6) (Sport etc) récord m•
to hold the record (for sth) — tener or ostentar el récord (de algo)world 2.•
to set a record (for sth) — establecer un récord (de algo)7) (=disc) disco mlong-playing•
on record — en disco2.ADJ récord, sin precedentes3. [rɪ'kɔːd]VT1) (=set down) [+ facts] registrar; [+ events] (in journal, diary) tomar nota de; [+ protest, disapproval] hacer constar, dejar constancia deshares recorded a 16% fall — las acciones registraron una bajada de un 16%
her letters record the details of diplomatic life in China — sus cartas dejan constancia de los detalles de la vida diplomática en China
history records that... — la historia cuenta que...
2) (=show) [instrument] registrar, marcar3) [+ sound, images, data] grabar4) (Comput) grabar4.[rɪ'kɔːd]VI (on tape, film etc) grabarthe record button — (on tape deck, video) el botón de grabación
5.['rekɔːd]CPDrecord book N — libro m de registro
- go into the record booksrecord breaker N — (=woman) plusmarquista f ; (=man) recordman m, plusmarquista m
record card N — ficha f
record company N — casa f discográfica
record deck N — platina f grabadora
record holder N — (=woman) plusmarquista f ; (=man) recordman m, plusmarquista m
she is the world 800 metre record holder — tiene or ostenta el récord mundial de los 800 metros, es la plusmarquista mundial de los 800 metros
record keeping N — archivación f
record label N — sello m discográfico
record library N — discoteca f
record player N — tocadiscos m inv
record producer N — productor(a) m / f discográfico(-a)
record sleeve N — funda f de disco
record store (esp US) N, record shop (Brit) N — tienda f de discos
record token N — vale m para discos
* * *
I ['rekərd, 'rekɔːd]1)a) c ( document) documento m; ( of attendances etc) registro m; ( file) archivo m; ( minutes) acta f‡; ( note) nota fmedical records — historial m médico
b) (in phrases)for the record: for the record, I had no financial interest in the deal yo no me beneficiaba con el acuerdo, que conste; off the record: the minister spoke off the record el ministro habló extraoficialmente; on record: the hottest summer on record el verano más caluroso del que se tienen datos; she is on record as saying that... ha declarado públicamente que...; to put o place something on record dejar constancia de algo, hacer* constar algo; to set o put the record straight, let me point out that... — para poner las cosas en su lugar, permítame señalar que...
2) ca) (of performance, behavior)he has a good service/academic record — tiene una buena hoja de servicios/un buen currículum or historial académico
he has a poor record for timekeeping — en cuanto a puntualidad, su expediente no es bueno
b) ( criminal record) antecedentes mpl (penales)to have a record — tener* antecedentes (penales) or (CS tb) prontuario
3) c (highest, lowest, best, worst) récord m, marca fto break/set a record — batir/establecer* un récord or una marca
to hold the world record — tener* or (frml) ostentar el récord or la marca mundial
his latest movie has broken box-office records — su última película ha batido todos los récords de taquilla
4) c (Audio, Mus) disco m; (before n)record company — compañía f discográfica
record store — tienda f de discos
II
1. [rɪ'kɔːrd, rɪ'kɔːd]1)a) \<\<person\>\> ( write down) anotar; ( in minutes) hacer* constarb) ( register) \<\<instrument\>\> registrar2) \<\<song/program/album\>\> grabar
2.
vi grabar
III ['rekərd, 'rekɔːd]adjective (before n, no comp) récord adj inv, sin precedentes -
37 error
- absolute error
- accidental error
- accumulated error
- accuracy error
- actual error
- addressing error
- admissible error
- alignment error
- alpha error
- altering error
- ambiguity error
- amplitude error
- analytic truncation error
- approximation error
- arithmetic error
- ascertainment error
- asymptotic error
- bad call format error
- bad command error
- bad tape error
- bad unit error
- balanced error
- balancing error
- beta error
- bias error
- black-to-white error
- block error
- burst error
- call error
- causative error
- chance error
- characteristic error
- checksum error
- code error
- coefficient setting error
- coincidence error
- common error
- compare error
- compensating error
- completeness error
- composition error
- computational error
- configuration error
- connection error
- consistency error
- constant error
- constructional error
- construction error
- contributory error
- control error
- correctable error
- correlated errors
- cratered error
- cumulative error
- data error
- data handling error
- database interface error
- data-bit error
- declare error
- deletion error
- design error
- detectable error
- determinable error
- difficult-to-locate error
- displacement error
- distinct errors
- documentation error
- double error
- double-bit error
- downward error
- drift error
- dropout error
- dynamic error
- error of behavior
- error of calculations
- error of estimation
- error of first kind
- error of solution
- error per digit
- estimated error
- estimation error
- ever-increasing error
- execution error
- expected squared error
- experimental error
- external error
- fabrication error
- fatal error
- fatal hard error
- fencepost error
- file error
- fixed error
- following error
- framing error
- frequency error
- general error
- generated error
- gross error
- handling error
- hard error
- human error
- human-factor error
- hysteresis error
- illegal control-message error
- implementation error
- indeterminate error
- inherent error
- inherited error
- initial error
- in-process error
- input error
- input/output error
- insertion error
- insidious error
- instrumental error
- intentional error
- intermittent error
- intrinsic error
- introduced error
- isolated error
- limiting error
- linearity error
- link error
- loading error
- logical error
- machine error
- marginal error
- mark-track error
- matching error
- maximum error
- mean-root-square error
- mean-square error
- metering error
- minor errors
- missing error
- misuse error
- module-parity check error
- module-parity error
- multiple error
- multiplier zero error
- no-job definition error
- non-DOS disk error
- nonsampling error
- no-paper error
- not ready error
- numerical error
- off-by-one error
- operating error
- operator error
- out of memory error
- output error
- overflow error
- overrun error
- parity check error
- parity error
- patching error
- pattern-sensitive error
- periodic error
- permissible error
- phase error
- physical error
- potentiometer loading error
- precautionary error
- predictable error
- preset database error
- probable error
- program error
- program-dependent error
- program-sensitive error
- propagated error
- propagation error
- pulse-train-starting error
- quantization error
- quit error
- random error
- read fault error
- reasonable error
- recoverable error
- recurrent error
- reduced error
- rejection error
- relative error
- repetitive error
- requirement error
- requirements compliance error
- residual error
- resolution error
- response error
- restoration error
- resultant error
- root-mean-square error
- rounding error
- roundoff error
- sampling error
- sector not found error
- seek error
- select error
- semantic error
- sequence error
- setup error
- similar errors
- single error
- single-bit error
- single-step error
- size error
- soft error
- software error
- solid burst error
- solid error
- specification error
- spelling error
- static error
- statistical error
- steady-state error
- stored error
- substitution error
- subtle error
- symptomatic error
- syntactic error
- syntax error
- system error
- systematical error
- systematic error
- time error
- time-base error
- timing error
- tolerated error
- total error
- transient error
- transmission error
- transmitted error
- triple error
- truncation error
- type I error
- typing error
- unbiased error
- uncompensated error
- uncorrectable error
- underflow error
- underrun error
- undetectable error
- unidentified error
- unidirectional error
- uniformly bounded error
- unrecoverable error
- usage error
- white-black error
- wiring error
- write error
- write fault error
- write protect error
- zero error
- zero point error
- zero-drift errorEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > error
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38 premium
1. сущ.сокр. prem1) общ. награда, вознаграждение, премия (что-л. предоставляемое в качестве стимула в каком-л. проекте, какой-л. системе и пр.)consumer premium — подарок [премия\] потребителю*
The program will award points to consumers for each brewery visit during the week, allowing them to earn premiums such as beer mugs and logo shirts.
Mortgage brokers, who match borrowers with lenders, can earn premiums by steering borrowers to higher-rate loans.
They claim that lenders on the higher-than-market rate loans will pay a premium to the mortgage broker and that those payments will be used to pay the fees associated with the low-interest loans.
See:bonus 1), 2) advertising premium, consumer premium, container premium, employment premium, fast food premium, free-in-the-mail premium, in-pack premium, mail-in premium, on-pack premium, referral premium, reverse premium, self-liquidating premium, service release premium, with-pack premium, yield spread premium, premium bond 2), premium buyer 1), premium campaign, premium container, premium coupon, premium merchandise 1), premium offer, premium pack, premium product 2), premium service 1) а)2) страх. = insurance premiumATTRIBUTES: adjustable, assumed 3) а), base 3. 3) а), direct 1. 3) а), earned 1. 1) а), fixed 1. 4) а), flexible 1. 2) б), gross 1. 3) а), а initial 1. 2) б), level 2. 3) б), lump sum, net 3. 3) а), n1а outstanding 1. 3) а), periodic 1. 1) а), regular 1. 2) б), n2 subject 1. 2) б), n2 underlying 1. 2) б), n2 variable 1. 2) б), n2 written 1. 4) а), б
annual [yearly\] premium — ежегодная премия
monthly [biweekly, weekly\] premium — ежемесячная [двухнедельная, еженедельная\] премия
annual [monthly, weekly\] premium insurance — страхование с ежегодной [ежемесячной, еженедельной\] уплатой премий [премии\]
annual premium policy — полис с ежегодной уплатой премий [премии\]
ATTRIBUTES:
paid premium — уплаченная [выплаченная\] премия
The refund of paid premium is based on the insured's age at death and is decreased by any benefits paid under the plan.
Company-paid premiums are deductible by the employer as an ordinary and necessary business expense. — Уплаченные компанией премии подлежат вычету работодателем как обычные и необходимые деловые расходы.
For federal tax purposes the employer-paid premiums are taxed as additional earned income for the employee. — Для целей федерального налогообложения, уплаченные работодателем премии облагаются налогом как дополнительный заработанный доход работника.
Employee-paid premiums for health insurance vary by salary. — Размер уплачиваемых работником премий по страхованию здоровья меняется в зависимости от размера оклада.
We can recover overpaid premiums for the last three policy years.
unpaid premium — неуплаченная [невыплаченная\] премия
The late charge formula is the unpaid premium amount multiplied by four percent.
COMBS:
life insurance premiums, life premiums — премии по страхованию жизни
non-life insurance premiums, non-life premiums — премии по страхованию иному, чем страхование жизни; премии по страхованию "не жизни"
health insurance premiums, health premiums — премии по страхованию здоровья
liability insurance premiums, liability premiums — премии по страхованию ответственности
disability insurance premiums, disability premiums — премии по страхованию от [на случай\] нетрудоспособности
property insurance premiums, property premiums — премии по страхованию имущества
premium payment — уплата [выплата\] премии; премиальный платеж
Mortgage insurance premium payments are made once per year. — Выплаты премий по ипотечному страхованию осуществляются раз в год.
premium of $1000, $1000 premium — премия [надбавка\] в размере 1000 долл.
Our commercial premium finance program allows you to finance premiums from $0 to $200000 or more.
The policies in question have a waiver of premium benefit, whereby the insurer would waive premiums during any period in which the policyholder is disabled.
We cede premiums and losses to reinsurers under quota share reinsurance agreements. — Мы передаем премии и убытки перестраховщиками на основании договоров квотного перестрахования.
Also, under our quota share assumed reinsurance contracts, we will continue to assume premiums through the third quarter of 2006. — Также, на основании принятых договоров квотного перестрахования, мы будем продолжать принимать премии на протяжении третьего квартала 2006 г.
to write premiums — подписывать премии*; страховать*, принимать на страхование*, осуществлять страхование*
In general, for insurers to write premiums in California, they must be admitted by the Insurance Commissioner. — В общем, для того, чтобы страховщики смогли осуществлять страховую деятельность в Калифорнии, они должны получить разрешение уполномоченного по страхованию.
The company is licensed to write insurance business in all 50 states, has specialty lines in risk insurance for architects and lawyers and is expected to write premiums of $75 million this year. — Компания имеет лицензию на осуществление страховой деятельности во все 50 штатах, предлагает специальные разновидности страхования рисков для архитекторов и юристов и, как ожидается, подпишет в этом году премий на сумму 75 млн долл.
Moreover, an insurance company that earns premiums between $300,000 and $1,000,000 is taxed at a reduced rate.
If you want to pay premiums for a limited time, the limited payment whole life policy gives you lifetime protection but requires only a limited number of premium payments.
to raise [to increase\] premiums — увеличивать премии
to reduce [to decrease, to cut\] premiums — уменьшать премии
premiums go down — премии снижаются [уменьшаются\]
See:adjustable premium, advance premium, annual premium, annuity premium, base premium, beneficiary premium, deposit premium, direct premiums, earned premium, financed insurance premium, financed premium, fixed premium, flexible premium, graded premium, gross premium, in-force premiums, initial premium, level premium, lump sum premium, modified premium, mortgage insurance premium, net premium, net retained premiums, new business premiums, outstanding premiums, periodic premium, premium earned, premiums in force, premium written, regular premium, reinsurance premium, renewal premium, retained premiums, retrospective premium, return premium, single premium, subject premium, surplus line premium, surplus lines premium, underlying premium, unearned premium, valuation premium, vanishing premium, variable premium, written premium, yearly premium, overall premium limit, premium audit, premium auditor, premium base, premium bordereau, premium conversion, premium discount, premium financing, premium holiday, premium income б), premium loan, premium notice, premium rate 1) б), premium receipt, premium refund, premium subsidy, premium tax, premium trust fund, return of premium, waiver of premium, continuous-premium whole life, premium only plan, premium-to-surplus ratio3)а) торг. премия; наценка, надбавка ( сумма или процент сверх стандартной цены товара или услуги)to fetch a premium [a premium price\] — продаваться с надбавкой [с премией\]
Premium products generally fetch a premium price. — Премиальные товары обычно продаются с надбавкой [с премией\].
to command a premium [a premium price\] — продаваться с надбавкой [с премией\], продаваться по премиальной цене
Some products command a premium price in the marketplace simply because they are considered to be higher in quality. — Некоторые товары продаются на рынке по премиальной цене просто из-за того, что они считаются товарами более высокого качества.
to command a premium — содержать надбавку [премию\]* (о ценах, ставках)
As long as there is a threat of war in the Middle Eastern oil fields, oil prices will command a premium. — До тех пор, пока существует угроза войны на территории средневосточных нефтяных месторождений, цены на нефть будут содержать надбавку.
to attract a premium/a premium price/a premium rate — продаваться с премией [надбавкой\], стоить дороже; оплачиваться с надбавкой [с премией\]*
Because of their locations these houses attract a premium. — Благодаря своему расположению эти дома стоят дороже.
Therefore, when we buy your diamond, we can pay a premium over the current market price.
For which services are customers willing to pay a premium when flying with a low-fare airline?
Ant:call option premium, call premium 2), put option premium, put premium, premium deal, premium income а) contingent premium option, deferred premium optionSee:б) фин. премия (сумма, на которую цена размещения или текущая рыночная цена ценной бумаги больше ее номинала)ATTRIBUTES: amortizable б)
COMBS:
$20-a-share premium — премия в размере $20 на (одну) акцию
H-P will buy 1,2 million Convex shares at $14.875 a share, representing a 1,25-a-share premium over the price of Convex stock. — "H-P" купит 1,2 млн акций компании "Конвекс" по цене 14,875 долл. за штуку, что означает уплату премии в размере 1,25 долл. на акцию сверх цены акций "Конвекса".
COMBS:
premium over [to\] market price — премия к рыночной цене, премия сверх рыночной цены
premium over [to\] issue price — премия к эмиссионной цене, премия сверх эмиссионной цены
premium payment — уплата [выплата\] премии; премиальный платеж
Mortgage insurance premium payments are made once per year. — Выплаты премий по ипотечному страхованию осуществляются раз в год.
premium of $1000, $1000 premium — премия [надбавка\] в размере 1000 долл.
10% premium, premium of 10% — премия [надбавка\] в размере 10%
The shares jumped to a 70 per cent premium on the first day.
Of all the common bond-tax errors, the most surprising to me is neglecting to amortize premiums paid on taxable bonds.
For premium securities, we project the excess coupon. payments using our prepayment assumption.
Ant:call option premium, call premium 2), put option premium, put premium, premium deal, premium income а) contingent premium option, deferred premium optionSee:amortized premium, bond premium, call premium 1), debt premium 1) а), market premium 1) а), original issue premium, premium on capital stock, premium on share, premium on stock, price premium 1) б), redemption premium, share premium, tender offer premium, unamortized premium, amortization of premium, premium bond 1), premium price 1) б), premium raid, issue price, market price, face value а) at a premium 1) а)в) фин. премия (при оценке стоимости предприятия или крупных пакетов акций: разница, на которую фактически согласованная цена предприятия/пакета акций больше базовой рыночной цены)See:г) эк. премия; надбавка (сумма, на которую цена товара, услуги или ценной бумаги превышает цену сходного товара, услуги или ценной бумаги)Currently, US small caps are trading at a 15.7 per cent premium to large caps. — В настоящее время, акции американских компаний с маленькой капитализацией по сравнению с акциями компаний с большой капитализацией торгуются с премией в размере 15,7%.
Platinum usually trades at a premium to gold. — Платина обычно продается по более высокой цене, чем золото.
See:at a premium 1)д) фин. ажио (превышение стоимости золотых или серебряных денег по сравнению с бумажными деньгами)Syn:agio в)See:е) эк. премия; надбавка (в самом общем смысле: дополнительная сумма, на которую увеличена базовая стоимость или другая базовая величина)перен. to put [place\] a premium on (smth.) — считать (что-л.) исключительно важным [ценным\], придавать (чему-л.) большое значение
He put a premium on peace and stability. — Он считает исключительно важным поддержание мира и стабильности.
Employers today put a premium on reasoning skills and willingness to learn. — В наше время работодатели придают большое значение умению рассуждать и готовности учиться.
Ant:call option premium, call premium 2), put option premium, put premium, premium deal, premium income а) contingent premium option, deferred premium optionSee:conversion premium, forward premium, inflation premium, investment currency premium, liquidity premium 2), 3), mortgage indemnity guarantee premium, mortgage indemnity premium, premium over conversion value, revenue premium, risk premium, time premium, union premium, union wage premium, warrant premium, yield premium, premium rate 1) а) at a premium 2), Canada Premium Bond, high-premium convertible debenture4) эк. тр. премия, (премиальная) надбавка (дополнительное вознаграждение, выплачиваемое в дополнение к заработной плате в качестве поощрения за хорошую работу, работу в сверхурочные и т. п.)COMBS:
premiums for work outside basic workday or workweek — премии за работу сверх базового рабочего дня или рабочей недели
premium payment — уплата [выплата\] премии; премиальный платеж
premium of $1000, $1000 premium — премия [надбавка\] в размере 1000 долл.
to attract a premium/a premium rate — оплачиваться с надбавкой [с премией\]*
In many industries work on Saturday or Sunday will attract a premium on the ordinary hourly rate. — Во многих отраслях работа в субботу или воскресенье предусматривает выплату надбавки сверх обычной часовой ставки.
Neither federal law nor state law requires local government employers to give employees paid holidays or to pay a premium when employees must work on what would otherwise be a holiday.
Syn:bonus 3)See:expatriate premium, foreign service premium, holiday premium, incentive premium, mobility premium, on-call premium, overtime premium, shift premium, Halsey premium plan, premium pay, premium rate 1) а)5) фин. = option premiumInvestors willing to buy stock at certain prices might consider selling puts to earn premiums, while those willing to sell shares at certain prices might think about selling calls.
When you purchase an option, you pay a premium. — Покупая опцион, вы уплачиваете премию.
See:call option premium, call premium 2), put option premium, put premium, premium deal, premium income а) contingent premium option, deferred premium option2. прил.1) общ. первосортный, высшего качества [сорта\], исключительный, премиальныйpremium product — премиальный товар, товар высшего сорта
premium card — первоклассная [приоритетная, премиальная\] карта [карточка\]*
premium space — привилегированное [премиальное\] место*
premium advertising — премиальная [первосортная, элитная\] реклама*
premium customer — премиальный клиент [покупатель\]*
premium quality — премиальное [высшее\] качество; премиальный [высший\] сорт
premium grade — премиальный [высший\] сорт
See:premium advertising, premium buyer 2), premium card, premium customer, premium grade, premium merchandise 2), premium position, premium product 1), premium quality, premium service 1) б), premium space, quality 2., inferior 2., n32) эк. премиальный, с премией, с надбавкой (о ценах, ставках выше обычного уровня)premium price — цена с надбавкой, цена с премией, премиальная цена
See:
* * *
premium; PM; Prem премия, маржа: 1) премия (надбавка) к цене, курсу: разница между более высокой текущей (рыночной) и номинальной ценами финансового актива (напр., облигации); см. discount; 2) разница между более высоким срочным (форвардным) и наличным валютными курсами, т. е. валюта на срок продается с премией; 3) ажио: более высокая стоимость золотых или бумажных денег по отношению к бумажным деньгам; 4) цена опциона: сумма, уплачиваемая за получение права продать или купить финансовый инструмент; 5) = insurance premium; 6) платеж по рентному контракту; 7) = call premium; 8) льгота, призванная привлечь вкладчиков или заемщиков, а также покупателей товаров и услуг (напр., повышенная процентная ставка, скидки с цен и др.); 9) надбавка к рыночной цене, которую иногда приходится уплачивать при заимствованиях ценных бумаг для их поставки по "короткой" продаже; 10) разница в цене между данной ценной бумагой и сходными бумагами или индексом (напр., говорят: "бумага продается с премией к аналогичным бумагам"); 11) новая ценная бумага, продающаяся с премией; 12) надбавка к рыночной цене ценных бумаг в случае тендерного предложения; см. premium raid;* * *Финансы/Кредит/Валютаотклонение в сторону превышения рыночного курса денежных знаков и ценных бумаг от их нарицательной стоимости-----разница между рыночной ценой и ценой эмиссии акции или ценной бумаги; при начале операции с акциями нового выпуска говорится, что рыночная цена включает премию по отношению к цене эмиссии-----сумма, выплачиваемая держателем полиса для получения страховой суммы в нужный момент-----Банки/Банковские операциипремия, вознаграждение, надбавка -
39 time
1) время; период времени2) момент времени || отмечать время3) хронометрировать; рассчитывать по времени4) синхронизировать; согласовывать во времени•- access time
- accumulated operating time
- action time
- activity slack time
- actual activity completion time
- actual time
- actuation time
- addition time
- add time
- add-subtract time
- arrival time
- assembly time
- attended time
- available machine time
- average operation time
- awaiting-repair time
- binding time
- bit time
- build-up time
- calculating time
- carry-over time
- carry time
- chip-access delay time
- circuit time
- clear-write time
- coding time
- compile time
- computation time
- computer dead time
- computer time
- computer useful time
- computing time
- connect time
- control time
- crash time
- crisis time
- cycle time
- data time
- data-retention time
- dead time
- debatable time
- debugging time
- debug time
- decay time
- deceleration time
- delay time
- design time
- destination time
- development time
- digit time
- discrete time
- divide time
- down time
- earliest expected time
- effective time
- engineering time
- entry time
- error-free running time
- estimated time
- event scheduled completion time
- event slack time
- event time
- execution cycle time
- execution time
- expected activity time
- fall time
- fault correction time
- fault location time
- fault time
- fetch time
- float time
- form movement time
- forward-current rise time
- gate time
- good time
- guard time
- handshaking time
- holding time
- hold time
- idle time
- improvement time
- incidental time
- ineffective time
- inoperable time
- installation time
- instruction time
- integrator time
- interaction time
- interarrival time
- interrogation time
- latency time
- latest allowable event time
- load time
- lock-grant time
- lock-holding time
- logarithmic time
- machine available time
- machine spoiled work time
- machine spoiled time
- machine time
- maintenance time
- makeup time
- manual time
- mean error-free time
- mean repair time
- mean time between errors
- mean time between failures
- mean time to repair
- memory cycle time
- miscellaneous time
- mission time
- most likely time
- multiply time
- no-charge machine fault time
- no-charge non-machine-fault time
- no-charge time
- nonfailure operating time
- nonreal time
- nonscheduled down time
- nonscheduled maintenance time
- object time
- occurrence time
- off time
- on time
- one-pulse time
- operating time
- operation time
- operation-use time
- optimistic time
- out-of-service time
- peaking time
- peak time
- pessimistic time
- polynomial time
- pool time
- positioning time
- power up time
- pre-assembly time
- precedence waiting time
- preset time
- preventive maintenance time
- print interlock time
- problem time
- processing time
- process time
- processor cycle time
- production time
- productive time
- program execution time
- program fetch time
- program testing time
- progration time
- propagation delay time
- proving time
- pulse time
- punch start time
- read time
- reading access time
- readout time
- read-restore time
- real time
- record check time
- recovery time
- reference time
- refresh time
- reimbursed time
- repair delay time
- repair time
- representative computing time
- request-response time
- resetting time
- resolution time
- resolving time
- response time
- restoration time
- restoring time
- retrieval time
- reversal time
- reverse-current fall time
- rewind time
- rise time
- round-trip time
- routine maintenance time- run time- sampling time
- scaled real time
- scheduled time
- schedule time
- scheduled down time
- scheduled operating time
- scramble time
- screen storage time
- search time
- seek time
- send-receive-forward time
- sensitive time
- service time
- serviceable time
- setting time
- settling time
- setup time
- simulated time
- s-n transition time
- standby time
- starting time
- start time
- start-up time
- stop time
- storage cycle time
- storage time
- subtraction time
- subtract time
- superconducting-normal transition time
- supplementary maintenance time
- swap time
- switch delay time
- switch time
- switching time
- system time
- takedown time
- task time
- testing time
- throughput time
- time between failures
- time for motion to start
- time now
- total time
- track-to-track move time
- transfer time
- transit time
- transition time
- translating time
- true time
- turnaround time
- turnoff time
- turnon time
- turnover time
- unacked time
- unattended standby time
- unattended time
- unavailable time
- unit time
- unused time
- up time
- useful time
- user time
- variable dead time
- waiting time
- word time
- word-addressing time
- write timeEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > time
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40 operation
1) операция; действие2) работа; функционирование4) срабатывание ( прибора)5) редк. управление•- arithmetic operation
- array operation
- asynchronous operation
- atomic operation
- attend operation
- autohorized operation
- auto-parallel operation
- auto-serial operation
- auxiliary operation
- average calculating operation
- average calculation operation
- background operation
- battery operation
- biconditional operation
- bidirectional operation
- binary operation
- bitwise operation
- bit operation
- bookkeeping operation
- Boolean add operation
- Boolean operation
- both-way operation
- branch operation
- byte operation
- byte/word operations
- byte-write operation
- carry clearing operation
- checkpointing operation
- clerical operation
- collation operation
- combination operation
- combined operation
- comparison operation
- complementary operation
- complete operation
- compound operation
- computer operation
- concurrent operation
- conditional implication operation
- conditional operation
- conjunction operation
- consecutive operation
- consistency operation
- control operation
- control transfer operation
- conversational mode operation
- conversational operation
- corner-turning operation
- cumulative operation
- dagger operation
- data processing operation
- database operation
- declarative operation
- decoded operation
- device-dependent operation
- digit-to-digit operation
- digtiwise operation
- disjunction operation
- do-nothing operation
- don't care operation
- double-address operation
- double-length operation
- double-precision operation
- down operation
- drag and drop operation
- dual operation
- duplex operation
- dyadic operation
- either way operation
- EITHER-OR operation
- equality operation
- equivalence operation
- error-free operation
- except operation
- exchange operation
- exclusive OR operation
- fade operation
- fail-safe operation
- fail-soft operation
- fast rewind operation
- fixed-cycle operation
- fixedcycle operation
- fixed-point operation
- floating-point operation
- flow of control operation
- foreground operation
- full-duplex operation
- graft operation
- grouped operation
- half-duplex operation
- handshaked operation
- hands-on operation
- high-gain operation
- high-speed operation
- housekeeping operation
- I/O operations
- identity operation
- IF-AND-ONLY-IF operation
- IF-THEN operation
- illegal operation
- immediate operation
- implication operation
- inclusive OR operation
- inference operation
- input operation
- input/output operations
- integer operation
- interframe operation
- interlaced operations
- interleaving operations
- irreversible operation
- iterative operation
- jump operation
- keystroke operation
- large-signal operation
- link-following operation
- loading operation
- logical operation
- look-up operation
- loop operation
- low-level signal operation
- machine operation
- main operation
- majority operation
- make-break operation
- manual operation
- marginal operation
- marking operation
- master-slave operation
- match operation
- match-merge operation
- matrix operation
- meet operation
- mismatch operation
- monadic operation
- monitor-controlled operation
- move operation
- multibyte operation
- multidimensional operation
- multijob operation
- multiple operations
- multiple-computer operation
- multiple-processor operation
- multiple-shift operation
- multiple-word operation
- multiplex operation
- multiplexed operations
- multiply-accumulate operation
- multitask operation
- multitrack operation
- N-adic operation
- naming operation
- NAND operation
- N-ary operation
- nearest-value operation
- neighborhood operation
- NEITHER-NOR operation
- next higher retrieval operation
- next lower retrieval operation
- no operation
- no-failure operation
- nonarithmetical operation
- nonconjunction operation
- nondata operation
- nondisjunction operation
- nonequivalence operation
- nonidentity operation
- nonprimitive operation
- NOR operation
- NOT AND operation
- NOT BOTH operation
- NOT operation
- NOT-IF-THEN operation
- NOT-OR operation
- nullary operation
- off-line operation
- one-pass operation
- one-shot operation
- one-step operation
- one-way operation
- on-going operations
- on-line operation
- OR operation
- output operation
- overhead operation
- P operation
- packet-mode operation
- parallel operation
- parallel-parallel operation
- parallel-serial operation
- part-word operation
- paste operation
- peripheral operation
- pipeline operation
- pixel-level operation
- pointer operation
- polar operation
- primitive operation
- privileged operation
- prune operation
- pseudo off-line operation
- pulsed operation
- quarternary operation
- queue operation
- real operation
- real-time operation
- record-at-a-time operation
- red-tape operation
- reductive operation
- refinement operation
- register operation
- relational algebraic operation
- relational join operation
- remote operation
- repetitive operation
- retrieval operation
- rewind operation
- RMW operation
- scalar operation
- scale operation
- scanning operation
- scatter-write operation
- scheduled operation
- screening operation
- search operation
- sensing operation
- sensory operation
- sequential operation
- serial digit operation
- serial operation
- serial word operation
- serial-parallel operation
- serial-serial operation
- set operation
- set-at-a-time operation
- Sheffer-stroke operation
- shift operation
- simplex operation
- simultaneous operation
- single operation
- single-program operation
- single-shot operation
- single-step operation
- single-task operation
- slave operation
- small-signal operation
- split-word operation
- stable operation
- stack operation
- stacked job operation
- standard operation
- start-stop operation
- step-and-repeat operations
- step-by-step operation
- storage operation
- streaming operation
- string operation
- synchronous operation
- takedown operation
- team operation
- threshold operation
- time-consuming operation
- time-sharing operation
- transfer operation
- transmit operation
- triggerable operation
- Turing elementary operation
- two-way alternative operation
- two-way-simultaneous operation
- unary operation
- unattended operation
- unauthorized operation
- union operation
- unloading operation
- up operation
- V operation
- variable-cycle operation
- variable-length operation
- vector operation
- word operation
- write operation
- write-on match operation
- write-while read operation
- yes-no operationEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > operation
См. также в других словарях:
Write-only memory — is the antithesis of read only memory (ROM). By definition, a WOM is a memory device which can be written but never read. Since there seems to be no obvious utility for such a memory circuit, from which data cannot be retrieved, the concept is… … Wikipedia
write — W1S1 [raıt] v past tense wrote [rəut US rout] past participle written [ˈrıtn] ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 1¦(book/article/poem etc)¦ 2¦(letter)¦ 3¦(form words)¦ 4¦(state something)¦ 5¦(music/song)¦ 6¦(computer program)¦ 7¦(a computer records something)¦ … Dictionary of contemporary English
write — [ raıt ] (past tense wrote [ rout ] ; past participle writ|ten [ rıtn ] ) verb *** ▸ 1 create story/letter etc. ▸ 2 make words etc. with pen ▸ 3 create formal document ▸ 4 in computing ▸ 5 spell a word ▸ 6 when pen works ▸ + PHRASES 1. )… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
program — [prō′gram΄, prō′grəm] n. [< LL & Fr: Fr programme < LL programma < Gr, edict < prographein, to write in public < pro , before + graphein, to write: see PRO 1 & GRAPHIC] 1. Obs. a) a proclamation b) a prospectus or syllabus … English World dictionary
Write (Unix) — write can refer to several Unix commands. All known variations of write are used to write messages to another user. The most popular variation sends a message directly to another user s TTYUsageThe correct syntax for the write command is: write… … Wikipedia
Write once, run anywhere — (WORA), or sometimes Write once, run everywhere (WORE), is a slogan created by Sun Microsystems to illustrate the cross platform benefits of the Java language. [cite web url=http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/1996 01/sunflash.960123.10561.xml… … Wikipedia
program — (n.) 1630s, public notice, from L.L. programma proclamation, edict, from Gk. programma (gen. programmatos) a written public notice, from stem of prographein to write publicly, from pro forth (see PRO (Cf. pro )) + graphein to write (see … Etymology dictionary
program — (Amer.) pro·gram || prəʊgræm n. plan, project,schedule, agenda, written order of events; public presentation; show that is broadcast on television or radio; planned group of activities; prospectus, syllabus; computer program (also programme)… … English contemporary dictionary
Program slicing — In computer programming, program slicing is the computation of a program slice. The program slice consists of the parts of a program that may affect the values computed at some point of interest, referred as a slicing criterion. Program slicing… … Wikipedia
write — /raIt/ verb past tense wrote past participle written / rItn/ 1 BOOK/ARTICLE ETC a) (I, T) to produce a new book, poem song etc: I can t come with you I have an essay to write. | a concerto written by Mozart | write about (=describe something):… … Longman dictionary of contemporary English
Program derivation — In computer science, program derivation is the derivation of a program from its specification, by mathematical means.To derive a program means to write a formal specification, which is usually non executable, and then apply mathematically correct … Wikipedia
