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1 tenebrae
tĕnĕbrae, ārum, f. plur. [st2]1 [-] ténèbres, obscurité; obscurité de la nuit, nuit. [st2]2 [-] obscurcissement de la vue (passager ou définitif), perte de la vue, cécité, évanouissement (qui obscurcit la vue). [st2]3 [-] ténèbres de la mort; mort. [st2]4 [-] au fig. nuages, obscurité, ténèbres. [st2]5 [-] la nuit infernale, l'enfer. [st2]6 [-] lieu ténébreux, lieu obscur (prison, grotte, forêt, réduit, cachette, logement pauvre ou obscur...). - sing. tenebra, Apul. M. 5, 20; Lampr. Comm. 16, 2. - primis tenebris, Liv.: à la tombée de la nuit. - tenebris obortis, Nep. Eum. 9, 5: la nuit étant survenue. - juro, me tibi ad extremas mansuram, vita, tenebras, Prop. 2, 20: je jure, ô ma vie, de te demeurer fidèle jusqu'à la mort. - certum'st mihi ante tenebras (= noctem) tenebras (= mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 90: je suis bien décidé, avant la nuit, à chercher la nuit de la mort. - clausi in tenebris, Sall. J. 14, 15: enfermés dans des cachots. - demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae, Catul. 55, 2: montre où est ta cachette. - quae jacerent in tenebris omnia, nisi litterarum lumen accederet, Cic. Arch. 14: et tout cela resterait plongé dans les ténèbres de l'oubli, si la littérature n'offrait son flambeau. - obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, Cic.: obscurcir les choses les plus claires. - tenebrae reipublicae, Cic.: troubles civils, jours sombres de la république.* * *tĕnĕbrae, ārum, f. plur. [st2]1 [-] ténèbres, obscurité; obscurité de la nuit, nuit. [st2]2 [-] obscurcissement de la vue (passager ou définitif), perte de la vue, cécité, évanouissement (qui obscurcit la vue). [st2]3 [-] ténèbres de la mort; mort. [st2]4 [-] au fig. nuages, obscurité, ténèbres. [st2]5 [-] la nuit infernale, l'enfer. [st2]6 [-] lieu ténébreux, lieu obscur (prison, grotte, forêt, réduit, cachette, logement pauvre ou obscur...). - sing. tenebra, Apul. M. 5, 20; Lampr. Comm. 16, 2. - primis tenebris, Liv.: à la tombée de la nuit. - tenebris obortis, Nep. Eum. 9, 5: la nuit étant survenue. - juro, me tibi ad extremas mansuram, vita, tenebras, Prop. 2, 20: je jure, ô ma vie, de te demeurer fidèle jusqu'à la mort. - certum'st mihi ante tenebras (= noctem) tenebras (= mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 90: je suis bien décidé, avant la nuit, à chercher la nuit de la mort. - clausi in tenebris, Sall. J. 14, 15: enfermés dans des cachots. - demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae, Catul. 55, 2: montre où est ta cachette. - quae jacerent in tenebris omnia, nisi litterarum lumen accederet, Cic. Arch. 14: et tout cela resterait plongé dans les ténèbres de l'oubli, si la littérature n'offrait son flambeau. - obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, Cic.: obscurcir les choses les plus claires. - tenebrae reipublicae, Cic.: troubles civils, jours sombres de la république.* * *Tenebrae, pen. corr. tenebrarum, tantum pluraliter. Cic. Tenebres.\Humentes tenebrae. Stat. La nuict humide.\Immundae tenebrae. Propert. Lieux tenebreux, ords et sales.\Incautae. Lucan. Esquelles l'homme ne se peult donner garde.\Primis tenebris mouit. Liu. Dés le commencement de la nuict.\Offundere tenebras alicui rei. Cic. L'obscurcir.\Quaeso quid hoc est? aut quid agitur? mihi enim tenebrae sunt. Cic. Je n'y congnoy rien, Je n'y voy goutte.\Iacere in tenebris. Cic. Estre caché. -
2 tenebrae
tenebrae, ārum, f. (dissimiliert aus *temebrae für *temesrae; dies zu *temus, eris, vgl. temere u. altind. támisrā, Finsternis), die Finsternis (Ggstz. lux, lumen), I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: a) übh.: Cic. u.a.: taetris tenebris, Cic. – b) die Finsternis der Nacht, die Nacht, quo modo redissem luce, non tenebris, Cic.: Antigonus tenebris obortis ignes conspicatur, als es finster (Nacht) geworden war, Nep.: primis tenebris movit, Liv.: quo cum primis se intendentibus tenebris pervenissent, Liv.: ferunt Ti. Caesari fuisse naturam ut expergefactus noctu paulisper haud alio modo quam clarā luce contueretur omnia, paulatim tenebris se obducentibus, Plin. – 2) übtr.: a) die Finsternis = die Blindheit, occĭdit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur, Lucr.: tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae obicit, Ov.: quorum caeca lumina in altissimis tenebris erant, eorum oculos in pristinum restituebat aspectum, Lact. – b) das Dunkel vor den Augen bei Ohnmacht usw., tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inediā succĭdunt, es wird dunkel od. schwarz vor den Augen, Plaut.: obortae sunt subito tenebrae, Sen. rhet.: tenebris nigrescunt omnia circum, Verg. – c) das Todesdunkel, iuro me tibi ad extremas mansurum tenebras, Prop.; vgl. certum est mihi ante tenebras (= noctem) persequi tenebras (= mortem). Plaut. – 3) meton., der dunkle-, finstere Ort, das Loch, derSchlupfwinkel, von der Unterwelt, malae Orci, Catull.: infernae, Hor. u. Verg.: Stygiae, Verg.: absol. b. Verg. u. Ov. – v. Gefängnis, clausi in tenebris, Sall.: alqm aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic.: ex tenebris et carcere procedere, Curt.: in robore et tenebris expirare, Liv. – v. einem Badeorte, Grylli, Mart. – v. einem Schlupfwinkel, ubi sint tuae tenebrae, Catull.: cum illa coniuratio ex latebris atque ex tenebris erupisset, Cic. – v. Bordelle, homo emersus subito ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum, Cic. – II) bildl.: 1) die Dunkelheit, Verborgenheit, Niedrigkeit, quae iacērent omnia in tenebris, nisi etc., Cic.: vestram familiam obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit, Cic.: neque te ex viri amplissimi dignitate, sed ex tuis tenebris extraham, Cic.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! Cic. – 2) die Finsternis, das Dunkel, vos denique in tantis tenebris erroris et inscientiae clarissimum lumen menti meae praetulistis, Cic.: si quid est, quod indagaris, inveneris, ex tenebris erueris, Cic.: latent ista omnia crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris, Cic.: tenebris ignorantiae circumfusi, Lact.: densissimis tenebris involuta mortalium mens, Val. Max.: tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum relinquerunt, Cic.: obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, Cic.: qualibus in tenebris vitae quantisque periculis degitur, in welch finsterem Schicksal, Lucr.: offundunt tenebras (sie führen hinters Licht) et veritatem caligine obducunt, Lact.: si quid tenebrarum offudit exsilium, in trübe Stimmung versetzt, Cic.: aber tenebras offundere iudicibus, die R. mit Blindheit schlagen, Cic. fr.: tenebras dispulit calumniae, Phaedr. – 3) Dunst, Schwindel, quas tu mihi tenebras trudis? Plaut. Epid. 476: qui linguae vitaeque tenebras sequuntur, dem Dunst in Worten u. Werken nachjagen. Gell. 10, 22, 1. – / Sing. tenebra, Apul. met. 5, 20. Lampr. Commod. 16, 2. Ven. Fort. carm. 10, 17, 36. Gramm, inc. de idiom. gen. (IV) 582, 54. Gloss. II, 546, 35 u.ö.
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3 tenebrae
tenebrae, ārum, f. (dissimiliert aus *temebrae für *temesrae; dies zu *temus, eris, vgl. temere u. altind. támisrā, Finsternis), die Finsternis (Ggstz. lux, lumen), I) eig. u. übtr.: 1) eig.: a) übh.: Cic. u.a.: taetris tenebris, Cic. – b) die Finsternis der Nacht, die Nacht, quo modo redissem luce, non tenebris, Cic.: Antigonus tenebris obortis ignes conspicatur, als es finster (Nacht) geworden war, Nep.: primis tenebris movit, Liv.: quo cum primis se intendentibus tenebris pervenissent, Liv.: ferunt Ti. Caesari fuisse naturam ut expergefactus noctu paulisper haud alio modo quam clarā luce contueretur omnia, paulatim tenebris se obducentibus, Plin. – 2) übtr.: a) die Finsternis = die Blindheit, occĭdit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur, Lucr.: tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae obicit, Ov.: quorum caeca lumina in altissimis tenebris erant, eorum oculos in pristinum restituebat aspectum, Lact. – b) das Dunkel vor den Augen bei Ohnmacht usw., tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inediā succĭdunt, es wird dunkel od. schwarz vor den Augen, Plaut.: obortae sunt subito tenebrae, Sen. rhet.: tenebris nigrescunt omnia circum, Verg. – c) das Todesdunkel, iuro me tibi ad extremas mansurum tenebras, Prop.; vgl. certum est mihi ante tenebras (= noctem) persequi tenebras (= mortem). Plaut. – 3) meton., der dunkle-, finstere Ort, das Loch, der————Schlupfwinkel, von der Unterwelt, malae Orci, Catull.: infernae, Hor. u. Verg.: Stygiae, Verg.: absol. b. Verg. u. Ov. – v. Gefängnis, clausi in tenebris, Sall.: alqm aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic.: ex tenebris et carcere procedere, Curt.: in robore et tenebris expirare, Liv. – v. einem Badeorte, Grylli, Mart. – v. einem Schlupfwinkel, ubi sint tuae tenebrae, Catull.: cum illa coniuratio ex latebris atque ex tenebris erupisset, Cic. – v. Bordelle, homo emersus subito ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum, Cic. – II) bildl.: 1) die Dunkelheit, Verborgenheit, Niedrigkeit, quae iacērent omnia in tenebris, nisi etc., Cic.: vestram familiam obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit, Cic.: neque te ex viri amplissimi dignitate, sed ex tuis tenebris extraham, Cic.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! Cic. – 2) die Finsternis, das Dunkel, vos denique in tantis tenebris erroris et inscientiae clarissimum lumen menti meae praetulistis, Cic.: si quid est, quod indagaris, inveneris, ex tenebris erueris, Cic.: latent ista omnia crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris, Cic.: tenebris ignorantiae circumfusi, Lact.: densissimis tenebris involuta mortalium mens, Val. Max.: tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum relinquerunt, Cic.: obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis, Cic.: qualibus in tenebris vitae quantisque periculis degitur, in welch finsterem Schicksal, Lucr.: offundunt tenebras————(sie führen hinters Licht) et veritatem caligine obducunt, Lact.: si quid tenebrarum offudit exsilium, in trübe Stimmung versetzt, Cic.: aber tenebras offundere iudicibus, die R. mit Blindheit schlagen, Cic. fr.: tenebras dispulit calumniae, Phaedr. – 3) Dunst, Schwindel, quas tu mihi tenebras trudis? Plaut. Epid. 476: qui linguae vitaeque tenebras sequuntur, dem Dunst in Worten u. Werken nachjagen. Gell. 10, 22, 1. – ⇒ Sing. tenebra, Apul. met. 5, 20. Lampr. Commod. 16, 2. Ven. Fort. carm. 10, 17, 36. Gramm, inc. de idiom. gen. (IV) 582, 54. Gloss. II, 546, 35 u.ö.Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > tenebrae
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4 tenebra
tĕnē̆brae, ārum (collat. form tĕnē̆bra, ae, Lampr. Commod. 16; App. M. 5, p. 167, 25), f. [akin to Sanscr. tamisra, dark; cf. timere], darkness (stronger than obscuritas, and weaker than caligo; freq. and class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.veluti pueri omnia caecis In tenebris metuant,
Lucr. 2, 56:tempestas atque tenebrae Coperiunt maria ac terras,
id. 6, 491:cum obscurato sole tenebrae factae essent repente,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.:nos tenebras cogitemus tantas, quantae, etc.,
id. N. D. 2, 38, 96:tetrae tenebrae et caligo,
id. Agr. 2, 17, 44;v. caligo: tenebras et solitudinem nacti,
id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:incultu, tenebris, odore foeda atque terribilis ejus (Tulliani) facies est,
Sall. C. 55, 4:ipsis noctis tenebris,
Quint. 10, 6, 1:obtentā densantur nocte tenebrae,
Verg. G. 1, 248:neve velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus,
Ov. M. 2, 395:tacitae,
Sen. Med. 114. —In partic.1.The darkness of night, night:2.redire luce, non tenebris,
Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76:classem in statione usque ad noctem tenuit: primis tenebris movit,
Liv. 31, 23, 4:somnus qui faciat breves tenebras,
Mart. 10, 47, 11:tenebris,
during the night, Tib. 1, 6, 59; 2, 1, 76; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 10:tenebris obortis,
Nep. Eum. 9, 5:per tenebras,
Luc. 2, 686:(me) videt pulsis Aurora tenebris,
Ov. M. 7, 703:effulget tenebris Aurora fugatis,
id. ib. 2, 144.—The darkness or dimness of a swoon, a swoon:3.tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inedia succidunt,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 30; Verg. A. 11, 824; Ov. M. 2, 181; 12, 136; id. Tr. 1, 3, 91; id. H. 13, 23; Luc. 3, 735; Plin. 7, 6, 5, § 41.—The darkness of death, death-shades ( poet. and rare):4.juro, Me tibi ad extremas mansuram tenebras,
Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 17; cf.:(urbes) ad Erebi profundos hiatus abactae, aeternis tenebris occultantur,
Amm. 17, 7, 13; cf. also in a play upon this signif. and that of B. 1.: certum'st mihi ante tenebras (i. e. noctem) tenebras (i. e. mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 88.—Blindness ( poet. and very rare):C.occidit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur,
Lucr. 3, 415:tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit,
Ov. M. 3, 515; 3, 525; Stat. Th. 4, 407. —Transf., concr., a dark, gloomy place.1.A dark bathing-place:2.Grylli,
Mart. 2, 14, 13 (cf. id. 1, 60, 3).—A prison, dungeon:3.clausi in tenebris, cum maerore et luctu morte graviorem vitam exigunt,
Sall. J. 14, 15: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, Tubero ap. Gell. 6, 4, 3. —Lurking-places, haunts:4. 5.emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum,
Cic. Sest. 9, 20:demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae,
Cat. 55, 2.—The infernal regions:II.tenebrae malae Orci,
Cat. 3, 13:infernae,
Verg. A. 7, 325; Hor. C. 4, 7, 25:Stygiae,
Verg. G. 3, 551:quid Styga, quid tenebras timetis?
Ov. M. 15, 154.—Trop., darkness, gloom, obscurity of the mind, of fame, of fortune, fate, etc. (class.):isti tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum reliquerunt,
Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis,
id. ib. 2, 6, 16; cf.:omnibus fulgore quodam suae claritatis tenebras obduxit,
Quint. 10, 1, 72: quas tu mihi tenebras cudis? what darkness are you raising about me? i. e. what trick are you playing me? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40:tenebras dispulit calumniae,
Phaedr. 3, 10, 42:quae jacerent omnia in tenebris, nisi litterarum lumen accederet,
obscurity, concealment, Cic. Arch. 6, 14:vestram familiam abjectam et obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit,
id. Deiot. 11, 30; cf.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! obscurity, i. e. low birth, baseness, id. Pis. 26, 62; id. Att. 7, 11, 1: vitae, gloomy fate or fortunes, Lucr. 2, 15:qui tibi aestus, qui error, qui tenebrae erunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:in illis rei publicae tenebris caecisque nubibus et procellis,
id. Dom. 10, 24:ex superioris anni caligine et tenebris lucem in re publicā dispicere,
id. Red. in Sen. 3, 5:si quid tenebrarum offudit exilium,
id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:tamquam si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris omniaque miscebant,
id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91. -
5 tenebrae
tĕnē̆brae, ārum (collat. form tĕnē̆bra, ae, Lampr. Commod. 16; App. M. 5, p. 167, 25), f. [akin to Sanscr. tamisra, dark; cf. timere], darkness (stronger than obscuritas, and weaker than caligo; freq. and class.).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.veluti pueri omnia caecis In tenebris metuant,
Lucr. 2, 56:tempestas atque tenebrae Coperiunt maria ac terras,
id. 6, 491:cum obscurato sole tenebrae factae essent repente,
Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.:nos tenebras cogitemus tantas, quantae, etc.,
id. N. D. 2, 38, 96:tetrae tenebrae et caligo,
id. Agr. 2, 17, 44;v. caligo: tenebras et solitudinem nacti,
id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:incultu, tenebris, odore foeda atque terribilis ejus (Tulliani) facies est,
Sall. C. 55, 4:ipsis noctis tenebris,
Quint. 10, 6, 1:obtentā densantur nocte tenebrae,
Verg. G. 1, 248:neve velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus,
Ov. M. 2, 395:tacitae,
Sen. Med. 114. —In partic.1.The darkness of night, night:2.redire luce, non tenebris,
Cic. Phil. 2, 30, 76:classem in statione usque ad noctem tenuit: primis tenebris movit,
Liv. 31, 23, 4:somnus qui faciat breves tenebras,
Mart. 10, 47, 11:tenebris,
during the night, Tib. 1, 6, 59; 2, 1, 76; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 10:tenebris obortis,
Nep. Eum. 9, 5:per tenebras,
Luc. 2, 686:(me) videt pulsis Aurora tenebris,
Ov. M. 7, 703:effulget tenebris Aurora fugatis,
id. ib. 2, 144.—The darkness or dimness of a swoon, a swoon:3.tenebrae oboriuntur, genua inedia succidunt,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 30; Verg. A. 11, 824; Ov. M. 2, 181; 12, 136; id. Tr. 1, 3, 91; id. H. 13, 23; Luc. 3, 735; Plin. 7, 6, 5, § 41.—The darkness of death, death-shades ( poet. and rare):4.juro, Me tibi ad extremas mansuram tenebras,
Prop. 2, 20 (3, 13), 17; cf.:(urbes) ad Erebi profundos hiatus abactae, aeternis tenebris occultantur,
Amm. 17, 7, 13; cf. also in a play upon this signif. and that of B. 1.: certum'st mihi ante tenebras (i. e. noctem) tenebras (i. e. mortem) persequi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 88.—Blindness ( poet. and very rare):C.occidit extemplo lumen tenebraeque sequuntur,
Lucr. 3, 415:tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit,
Ov. M. 3, 515; 3, 525; Stat. Th. 4, 407. —Transf., concr., a dark, gloomy place.1.A dark bathing-place:2.Grylli,
Mart. 2, 14, 13 (cf. id. 1, 60, 3).—A prison, dungeon:3.clausi in tenebris, cum maerore et luctu morte graviorem vitam exigunt,
Sall. J. 14, 15: in atras et profundas tenebras eum claudebant, Tubero ap. Gell. 6, 4, 3. —Lurking-places, haunts:4. 5.emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum ac stuprorum,
Cic. Sest. 9, 20:demonstres, ubi sint tuae tenebrae,
Cat. 55, 2.—The infernal regions:II.tenebrae malae Orci,
Cat. 3, 13:infernae,
Verg. A. 7, 325; Hor. C. 4, 7, 25:Stygiae,
Verg. G. 3, 551:quid Styga, quid tenebras timetis?
Ov. M. 15, 154.—Trop., darkness, gloom, obscurity of the mind, of fame, of fortune, fate, etc. (class.):isti tantis offusis tenebris ne scintillam quidem ullam nobis ad dispiciendum reliquerunt,
Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis,
id. ib. 2, 6, 16; cf.:omnibus fulgore quodam suae claritatis tenebras obduxit,
Quint. 10, 1, 72: quas tu mihi tenebras cudis? what darkness are you raising about me? i. e. what trick are you playing me? Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40:tenebras dispulit calumniae,
Phaedr. 3, 10, 42:quae jacerent omnia in tenebris, nisi litterarum lumen accederet,
obscurity, concealment, Cic. Arch. 6, 14:vestram familiam abjectam et obscuram e tenebris in lucem evocavit,
id. Deiot. 11, 30; cf.: o tenebrae, o lutum, o sordes (Piso)! obscurity, i. e. low birth, baseness, id. Pis. 26, 62; id. Att. 7, 11, 1: vitae, gloomy fate or fortunes, Lucr. 2, 15:qui tibi aestus, qui error, qui tenebrae erunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:in illis rei publicae tenebris caecisque nubibus et procellis,
id. Dom. 10, 24:ex superioris anni caligine et tenebris lucem in re publicā dispicere,
id. Red. in Sen. 3, 5:si quid tenebrarum offudit exilium,
id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82:tamquam si offusa rei publicae sempiterna nox esset, ita ruebant in tenebris omniaque miscebant,
id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91. -
6 primus
[st1]1 [-] prīmus, a, um [pris, cf. pristinus, etc.], superl. correspondant au compar. prior. - Lebaigue P. 997 et P. 998. a - le plus en avant, le plus avancé, le premier [entre plusieurs, au point de vue du lieu, de la chronologie, du classement, etc.]. - primus inter... Cic. Sest. 6; primus ex... Fin. 4, 17, le premier parmi... - primae litterae... postremae, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5: la première lettre (épître)... la dernière. - prima luna, Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56: la nouvelle lune. - [attribut] is primus vulnus obligavit, Cic. Nat. 3, 57, c'est lui qui le premier banda une plaie. - primus venisti... Cic. Fam. 13, 48: tu es le premier à être venu. - spolia quae prima opima appellata erant, Liv. 4, 20: dépouilles qui, à l'origine, avaient été appelées opimes. - in primis pugnare, Sall. C. 60, 6: combattre aux premiers rangs. - in primis stare, Nep. Epam. 10, 3: se tenir dans les premiers, aux premiers rangs. - primi, Caes. BG. 5, 43, 5: les premiers, ceux qui sont le plus en avant. - [avec quisque]: non ut quidque dicendum primum est, ita primum animadvertendum videtur, Cic. Inv. 1, 19: ce n'est pas dans la mesure où chaque chose doit être dite avant les autres qu'il faut également s'en occuper avant les autres, l'ordre dans lequel on doit parler des choses n'est pas celui dans lequel on doit s'en occuper. - fluit voluptas corporis et prima quaeque avolat, Cic. Fin. 2, 106: le plaisir physique est passager et le premier éprouvé est le premier à s'envoler. - primum quidque videamus, Cic. Nat. 3. 7: voyons chaque point successivement. - eorum ut quisque primus venerat, sub muro consistebat, Caes. BG. 7, 48: à mesure qu’ils arrivaient, ils prenaient position au pied de la muraille. - primo quoque tempore, die, Cic. Fam. 13, 57, 1; Phil. 8, 33: à la première occasion, au premier jour, le plus tôt possible, incessamment. - prima, ōrum, n. a) le premier rang: Cic. Or. 4 ; b) les éléments, atomes: Lucr. 4, 186 ; c) prima naturae Cic. Fin. 3, 31; 5, 45, ou prima naturalia, Cic. Fin. 2, 34 = πρῶτα κατὰ ϕύσιν des Stoïciens: les impulsions premières de la nature humaine et [p. ext.] les biens qui y correspondent ; d) prima consiliorum, Tac. H. 2, 11 = prima consilia: les premières décisions ; e) flos ad prima tenax, Virg. G. 2, 134: fleur tenace au premier chef. - in primis (imprimis): avant tout, principalement, surtout. - cum primis (cumprimis): parmi les premiers, au premier rang. b - le plus important, le principal. - primus civitatis, Verr. 4, 15: le premier de la cité. - primus homo, Cic. Verr. 4, 37: homme du premier rang, citoyen le plus important. - otium atque divitiae, quae prima mortales putant, Sall. C. 36, 4: la paix et les richesses, biens que les mortels considèrent comme essentiels. - primae partes ou primae seul: le premier rôle. - primas agere, tenere, Cic. Br. 308 ; 327: jouer, tenir le premier rôle. - primas deferre, Cic. Br. 84; dare, Cic. de Or. 3, 213; concedere, Cic. Caecil. 49; ferre, Cic. Br. 183: accorder, attribuer, concéder le premier rang, obtenir le premier rang. c - la première partie de, la partie antérieure de. - prima ora, Virg. G. 3, 399: la partie antérieure de la bouche. - in prima provincia, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 2: à l'entrée de la province. d - le commencement de. - prima luce, prima nocte: au commencement du jour, de la nuit. --- Caes. BG. 1, 22, 1; 1 27, 7. - primo vere, Caes. BG. 6, 3, 4: au début du printemps. - [d'où] a) prima [n. pl.] Liv. 8, 3: les commencements ; b) a primo, Cic. Or. 26: dès le commencement; a primo ad extremum, Cic. Fin. 4, 32: du début à la fin ; c) in primo, Cic. Or. 215: au commencement, ou Sall. J. 68, 4: en première ligne, cf. Liv. 25, 21, 6 ; d) in primum succedere, Liv. 10, 14, 17: venir prendre la place d'une troupe en première ligne. --- cf. Liv. 2, 20, 10 ; 2, 46, 7 ; e) v. primo. [st1]2 [-] Primus, i, m.: surnom chez les Cornelii, les Antonii. - Tac. H. 3, 74 ; An. 14, 40.* * *[st1]1 [-] prīmus, a, um [pris, cf. pristinus, etc.], superl. correspondant au compar. prior. - Lebaigue P. 997 et P. 998. a - le plus en avant, le plus avancé, le premier [entre plusieurs, au point de vue du lieu, de la chronologie, du classement, etc.]. - primus inter... Cic. Sest. 6; primus ex... Fin. 4, 17, le premier parmi... - primae litterae... postremae, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5: la première lettre (épître)... la dernière. - prima luna, Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56: la nouvelle lune. - [attribut] is primus vulnus obligavit, Cic. Nat. 3, 57, c'est lui qui le premier banda une plaie. - primus venisti... Cic. Fam. 13, 48: tu es le premier à être venu. - spolia quae prima opima appellata erant, Liv. 4, 20: dépouilles qui, à l'origine, avaient été appelées opimes. - in primis pugnare, Sall. C. 60, 6: combattre aux premiers rangs. - in primis stare, Nep. Epam. 10, 3: se tenir dans les premiers, aux premiers rangs. - primi, Caes. BG. 5, 43, 5: les premiers, ceux qui sont le plus en avant. - [avec quisque]: non ut quidque dicendum primum est, ita primum animadvertendum videtur, Cic. Inv. 1, 19: ce n'est pas dans la mesure où chaque chose doit être dite avant les autres qu'il faut également s'en occuper avant les autres, l'ordre dans lequel on doit parler des choses n'est pas celui dans lequel on doit s'en occuper. - fluit voluptas corporis et prima quaeque avolat, Cic. Fin. 2, 106: le plaisir physique est passager et le premier éprouvé est le premier à s'envoler. - primum quidque videamus, Cic. Nat. 3. 7: voyons chaque point successivement. - eorum ut quisque primus venerat, sub muro consistebat, Caes. BG. 7, 48: à mesure qu’ils arrivaient, ils prenaient position au pied de la muraille. - primo quoque tempore, die, Cic. Fam. 13, 57, 1; Phil. 8, 33: à la première occasion, au premier jour, le plus tôt possible, incessamment. - prima, ōrum, n. a) le premier rang: Cic. Or. 4 ; b) les éléments, atomes: Lucr. 4, 186 ; c) prima naturae Cic. Fin. 3, 31; 5, 45, ou prima naturalia, Cic. Fin. 2, 34 = πρῶτα κατὰ ϕύσιν des Stoïciens: les impulsions premières de la nature humaine et [p. ext.] les biens qui y correspondent ; d) prima consiliorum, Tac. H. 2, 11 = prima consilia: les premières décisions ; e) flos ad prima tenax, Virg. G. 2, 134: fleur tenace au premier chef. - in primis (imprimis): avant tout, principalement, surtout. - cum primis (cumprimis): parmi les premiers, au premier rang. b - le plus important, le principal. - primus civitatis, Verr. 4, 15: le premier de la cité. - primus homo, Cic. Verr. 4, 37: homme du premier rang, citoyen le plus important. - otium atque divitiae, quae prima mortales putant, Sall. C. 36, 4: la paix et les richesses, biens que les mortels considèrent comme essentiels. - primae partes ou primae seul: le premier rôle. - primas agere, tenere, Cic. Br. 308 ; 327: jouer, tenir le premier rôle. - primas deferre, Cic. Br. 84; dare, Cic. de Or. 3, 213; concedere, Cic. Caecil. 49; ferre, Cic. Br. 183: accorder, attribuer, concéder le premier rang, obtenir le premier rang. c - la première partie de, la partie antérieure de. - prima ora, Virg. G. 3, 399: la partie antérieure de la bouche. - in prima provincia, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 2: à l'entrée de la province. d - le commencement de. - prima luce, prima nocte: au commencement du jour, de la nuit. --- Caes. BG. 1, 22, 1; 1 27, 7. - primo vere, Caes. BG. 6, 3, 4: au début du printemps. - [d'où] a) prima [n. pl.] Liv. 8, 3: les commencements ; b) a primo, Cic. Or. 26: dès le commencement; a primo ad extremum, Cic. Fin. 4, 32: du début à la fin ; c) in primo, Cic. Or. 215: au commencement, ou Sall. J. 68, 4: en première ligne, cf. Liv. 25, 21, 6 ; d) in primum succedere, Liv. 10, 14, 17: venir prendre la place d'une troupe en première ligne. --- cf. Liv. 2, 20, 10 ; 2, 46, 7 ; e) v. primo. [st1]2 [-] Primus, i, m.: surnom chez les Cornelii, les Antonii. - Tac. H. 3, 74 ; An. 14, 40.* * *Primus, Adiectiuum. Terent. Premier, Prime. hinc dicimus Primtemps, Prime verre, De prime face.\Genere et nobilitate sui municipii facile primus. Cic. Le plus grand personnage, et le plus noble de sa ville.\Quae tibi putaris prima, in experiundo repudies. Terent. Que tu auras estimé les principales et meilleures.\Praedium quod primum siet, si me rogabis, sic dicam, etc. Cato. Le meilleur.\Primus apud te est. Terent. Il ha plus de credit envers toy, que les autres, Tu l'aimes plus que touts les autres, et en tiens plus de compte.\Est genus hominum qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt, nec sunt. Terent. Qui en toutes choses veulent estre estimez sur touts.\Primam dices, scio, si videris. Terent. Tu diras qu'il n'y a point sa pareille en beaulté.\Laus prima illis est. Plin. Elles sont les plus estimees et prisees.\Mihi responsum primus dedit ille petenti. Virg. Le premier.\Primo accessu. Liu. De prime arrivee, D'abordee.\Primo statim aduentu. Liu. Incontinent, Dés qu'il fut arrivé.\Aspectu primo. Liu. De prime face, De premiere apparence.\Barba prima. Seneca. La prime barbe.\Corpora prima. Lucret. Les quatre elements.\Primo quoque die. Columel. Le plus tost que faire se pourra.\Prima facie. Caius. De prime face.\Primo introitu. Plin. De prime entree.\Primis labris aliquid gustare. Cic. Gouster et taster seulement du bout des levres.\Prima lux. Sueton. Le fin matin.\Primo mane cum familia prodeundum est. Columella. Dés le fin matin.\Prima quaque occasione. Plin. iunior. Incontinent que l'opportunité et occasion si addonnera.\Prima specie. Liu. De prime face, De premiere apparence.\Consilia callida et audacia, prima specie laeta. Liu. D'entree, Du commencement.\Nominibus vterentur his quae prima specie admirationem, re explicata risum mouerent. Cicero. De prime face. ou Incontinent.\Primo quoque tempore. Liu. Cicero. Le plus tost que faire se pourra, Incontinent que le temps, opportunité et occasion si addonnera.\Primis tenebris mouit. Liu. Au commencement de la nuict.\Prima vespera. Sueton. Sur le vespre, Tout au commencement du vespre, ou de la vespree.\A primo. Cic. Du commencement.\Primas deferre alicui. Cic. Luy donner le premier lieu. -
7 tenebrae
tenebrae ārum, f darkness, gloom: obscurato sole tenebrae factae: tenebras et solitudinem nacti: tenebris, odore foeda facies, S.: neve velit (Sol) tenebras inducere rebus, O.: tenebris nigrescunt omnia, V.: tenebras et cladem lucis ademptae Obicit, i. e. blindness, O.—The darkness of night, night: redire luce, non tenebris: primis tenebris movit, L.: tenebris, during the night, O.: tenebris obortis, N.—A gloomy place, prison, dungeon, lurking-place: clausi in tenebris, S.: postremo tenebrae, vincla.—Lurking-places, haunts: emersus ex diuturnis tenebris lustrorum: Quanti nunc tenebras unum conducis in annum, i. e. a dark lodging, Iu.—The shades, infernal regions: Infernae, V.: quid tenebras timetis? O.—Fig., darkness, gloom, obscurity: clarissimis rebus tenebras obducere: tenebras dispulit calumniae, Ph.: quaeso, quid hoc est? mihi enim tenebrae sunt: rei p.: si quid tenebrarum offudit exsilium. -
8 tenebrae
1) темнота, потёмки, тьма, мрак (t. vespertīnae Amm)t. infernae или Stygiae V — тьма подземного царства2) мрачное место, темница, тюрьма (tenebris vinculisque aliquem mandare C; clausus in tenebris Sl)3) убежище, укромный уголок (ubi sunt tuae t.? Ctl)4) тёмное или незнатное происхождение, безвестность ( aliquem e tenebris in lucem evocare C)in tenebris jacere C — быть безвестным, в забвении5) неясность, туманность, темнота ( rebus clarissimis — dat. — tenebras obducĕre C)6) помрачение (сознания), обморочное состояние ( oculorum vertigĭnes tenebraeque PM)7) слепота (t. et clades lucis ademptae O)8) мрачная судьба, бедствия ( in tenebris vitae Lcr)9) морочение, одурачивание ( alicui tenebras cudĕre Pl) -
9 solvō
solvō solvī (soluit, Ct.; soluisse, Tb.), solūtus, ere [2 se+luo], to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release: iube solvi (eum), T.: ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt: ita nexi soluti (sunt), L.: Solvite me, pueri, V.: quo modo solvantur (nodi), Cu.: solve capillos, untie, O.: crines, let down, O.: terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i. e. thawed, H.: Solve senescentem equum, i. e. from service, H.: talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opens, O.: Solvite vela, unfurl, V.— To detach, remove, part, disengage, free: ancorā solutā (i. e. a litore): classis retinacula solvi iussit, O.: teque isto corpore solvo, V.: partūs, to bring forth, O.—Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart: navīs solvit, Cs.: primis tenebris solverat navem, L.: cum foedere solvere navīs, O.: navīs a terrā solverunt, Cs.: ab Corintho solvere navīs, L.: tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem), Cs.: nos eo die cenati solvimus: a Brundusio solvit, L.: Alexandriā solvisse: portu solventes.— To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open: ille pharetram Solvit, uncovered, O.: solutā epistulā, N.: solutis fasciis, Cu.— To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss: ubi ordines procursando solvissent, L.: agmina Diductis solvēre choris, V.: solvit maniplos, Iu.: coetuque soluto Discedunt, O.: urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganized: si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’... Invenias, etc., H.— To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken: ima Solvuntur latera, V.: pennā metuente solvi, i. e. unflagging, H.: illi solvuntur frigore membra, V.: corpora somnus Solverat, O.: somno vinoque solutos, O.: Solvitur in somnos, V.— To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter: omne conligatum solvi potest: solvere navīs et rursus coniungere, Cu.: membra ratis, O.— To dissolve, melt, turn, change: nives solvere, melt, O.: (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem, V.—Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock: nullo solvente catenas, O.: Frenum solvit, Ph.: Solvitur acris hiemps, H.: a corpore bracchia, relaxes his hold, O.: crinalīs vittas, V.: vinculum epistulae, Cu.—Fig., to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt: linguam ad iurgia, O.: cupiditates suas, Cu.: Bassanitas obsidione, L.: ut religione civitas solvatur: Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exempted: petente Flacco ut legibus solveretur, L.: ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirs: reus Postumus est eā lege... solutus ac liber, i. e. the law does not apply to: solutus Legibus insanis, H.: vos curis ceteris, T.: solvent formidine terras, V.: Vita solutorum miserā ambitione, H.: longo luctu, V.: calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i. e. from cares, H.: ego somno solutus sum, awoke.— To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve: ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltless: hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavit: Sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei, O.— To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.): solvatur fronte senectus (i. e. frons rugis solvatur), be cleared, H.: arctum hospitiis animum, H.—Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish: solutum coniugium, Iu.: nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus, O.: culpa soluta mea est, O.: quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperat, S.: solvendarum legum principium (i. e. dissolvendarum), Cu.: disciplinam militarem, subvert, L.: pactique fide data munera solvit, i. e. took back, O.— To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy: plebis vis soluta atque dispersa, S.: senectus quae solvit omnia, L.: nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae, H.: hoc firmos solvit amores, O.— To end, remove, relieve, soothe: ieiunia granis, O.: Curam Dulci Lyaeo, H.: corde metum, V.: pudorem, V.: solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raised, L.: Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula), H.— To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises): omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial rites: iustis defunctorum corporibus solutis, Cu.: exsequiis rite solutis, V.: vota, fulfil: Vota Iovi, O.: solvisti fidem, you have kept your promise, T.: Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i. e. your pledge (to be mine through life), O.— To solve, explain, remove: quā viā captiosa solvantur, i. e. are refuted: Carmina non intellecta, O.: nodos iuris, Iu.—Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off: hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas, settled: Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standing: ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei soluta: rem creditori populo solvit, L.: ut creditae pecuniae solvantur, Cs.: debet vero, solvitque praeclare.—Of persons, to make payment, pay: cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt: ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis: pro vecturā: tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on Egnatius: numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop payments: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res p. esset, able to pay its debt, L.; hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent: solvendo non erat, was insolvent: cum solvendo civitates non essent: ne videatur non fuisse solvendo.—Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere): emi: pecuniam solvi: pro quo (frumento) pretium, L.: quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur: arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeral: Dona puer solvit, paid the promised gifts, O.: HS CC praesentia, in cash: legatis pecuniam pro frumento, L.—Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo: iustae et debitae poenae solutae sunt: capite poenas, S.: meritas poenas solvens, Cu.* * *solvere, solvi, solutus Vloosen, release, unbind, untie, free; open; set sail; scatter; pay off/back -
10 solutum
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
11 solvo
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
12 intendens
Primis se intendentibus tenebris. Liu. Quand les premieres tenebres de la nuict croissent fort. -
13 dunkel
dunkel, I) eig., nicht von heller Farbe etc.: fuscus (dunkelbraun, schwärzlich; auch vom Klange = dumpf, Ggstz. candidus). – austerus (düster, Ggstz. floridus, z.B. color). – niger (dunkelfarbig, -grün, schwarz, Ggstz. candidus, albus). – ater (kohlschwarz, Ggstz. albus). – pullus (schmutzigschwarz, wiedie Wolleder Schafe). – II) übtr.: A) des Lichts ganz oder teilweise beraubt: obscurus. – tenebricosus (ganz in Düster gehüllt). – caliginosus (finster, ganz ohne Licht, z.B. nox). – caecus (wo man nicht sehen kann, wie Nacht, Hauss. – nubilus (wolkicht, umwölkt, Ggstz. serenus, z.B. caelum, dies, nox). – etwas d., subobscurus; subnn. bilus: es ist d., tenebrae sunt: es wird d., tenebrae oboriuntur. obducitur caelo nox (es wird am Himmel dunkel ); nubilatur od. nubilare coepit (der Himmel od. das Wetter umwölkt sich); vesperascit. advesperascit (es wird Abend; vgl. »Abend«): es wird (am Himmel) ganz d., adeospissaenubesseintendunt, ut condant lucem: es war schon ganz d., iam plena nox erat: da es schon d. war, iam obscurā luce; tenebris obortis; propter offusam caliginem (da dunkles Wetterwar [konnte das und das nicht geschehen]): da es noch d. war, obscuro etiam tum lumine: es war so d. (am Tage), daß etc., tam densa caligo occaecaverat diem, ut etc. – als es anfing d. zu werden, primis se intendentibus tenebris. – im Dunklen, per obscurum (durch das Dunkle, z.B. emicare); sine lumine (ohne Leuchte, z.B. exire); obscuro loco (an einem dunklen Orte, z.B. abicere): im Dunklen sehen, per caliginem cernere. – etwas d. machen, obscurum facere. obscurare (beide z.B. cubiculum). – die Augen sind d., oculi caligant: es wird mir d. vor den Augen, tenebrae oboriuntur; caligo oculis offunditur. – B) unverständlich, undeutlich, ungewiß, unbekannt: obscurus (im allg.). – caecus (wovon man keinen Grund sieht od. weiß, wie morbus, carmen). – involutus (mit einem Deckmantel versehen). – non apertus ad intellegendum (nicht klar vor Augen liegend). – abstrusus (versteckt = schwer zu erklären od. zu verstehen, wie disputatio). [616] – perplexus (verworren, schwer zu ergründen, wie sermones, carmen). – impeditus (verwickelt). – incertus (unbestimmt, unverbürgt, wie rumor). – ignobilis (unbekannt. unberühmt, Ggstz. nobilis). – etwas d., subobscurus. – die ziemlich d. Erinnerung an etwas, non satis explicata recordatio alcis rei. – etwas d. machen, alci rei obscuritatem et tenebras afferre, tenebras obducere; lucem eripere et quasi noctem quandam alci rei offundere: die Rede d. machen, orationem occaecare: d. sein, im Dunklen liegen, in tenebris iacēre. obscuritate involutum esse (verborgen, nicht bekannt sein); lucem desiderare (undeutlich sein, von Gedanken): ganz d. sein, crassis occultatum et circumfusum tenebris latēre (in ein undurchdringliches Dunkel gehüllt sein); omni intellectu carere (sich gar nicht begreifen, verstehen lassen). – im Dunklen, obscure (z.B. malum obscure serpens): eine Sache liegt noch im D., wir schweben noch im D. über dieselbe, res nondum ad liquidum explorata od. perducta est: jm d. über etwas im D. lassen, alqm alqd non edocere (in etwas nicht unterrichten, z.B. rationem mihi perceptam); alqd non aperire (nicht eröffnen = über etw. nicht aufklären, z.B. aetatem urbis). – Adv.obscure; perplexe.
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14 Nacht
Nacht, nox. – tenebrae (Dunkelheit, Finsternis, auch bildl. von geistiger). – die Stille u. Ruhe der N., nocturni silentii quies. – dunkle N., nox obscura; nox et tenebrae: finstere N., nox caliginosa: stockfinstere N., nox obducta od. caeca: lange, kürzere N., nox longa, contractior: die kürzeste N., nox solstitialis; solstitium (die Zeit, wo die kürzesten Nächte sind): eine Zeit von zwei, drei Nächten, binoctium, trinoctium. – die erste N. (Brautnacht), [1751] prima nox. – Tag u. Nacht, s. Tag. – bis zur Nacht, in noctem: bei N., in der N., nocte. noctu. nocturno tempore (zur Nachtzeit); nocturnistemporibus (allemal zur Nachtzeit); sub noctem (gegen die N. hin); sub nocte (bei Anbruch der Nacht); bei Substst. durch nocturnus (z.B. Kälte in der N., frigus nocturnum; vgl. die Zusammensetzgg. mit »Nacht...«); oder durch noctuabundus (nächtlicherweile, von Pers., z.B. ad me venit). – bei einbrechender N., nocte appetente; primis se intendentibus tenebris: bei N. u. Nebel, nocte intempestā (in unheimlicher N.); clam (heimlich): mitten in der N., mediā nocte: spät od. tief in der N., concubiā nocte: noch bei N., de nocte: noch mitten in der N., de media nocte: noch tief in der N., de multa nocte (alle drei bei Verben der Bewegung, z.B. proficisci): tief od. spät indie Nacht hinein, ad multam noctem. – die N. bricht ein, es wird N., nox iam appetit od. appropinquat (die N. ist nahe, vor der Tür); tenebrae oboriuntur. nox demittitur caelo (bei Sturm); nubes undique collectae obruunt tenebris diem od. tempestas abscondit diem (der Tag wird zu Nacht, ebenf. bei Sturm): es kommt jmd. in die N. hinein, alqs in noctem conicitur: die N. überrascht jmd., bricht über jmd. herein, kommt jmdm. über den Hals, nox opprimit alqm; nox alci supervenit: eine gute N. haben, – bene quiescere: eine schlechte N. haben, noctem insomnem agere: gute N.! etwa molliter cubes! – / Nacht-, durch nocturnus, a, um.
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15 intendo
in-tendo, tendī, tentum, ere, I) hin- (entgegen-), herstrecken, hinrichten, -wenden, wohin strecken, spannen, lenken, richten, wenden, 1) eig.: a) übh.: brachia, Ov.: manum, Tac., palmas, Ov.: dextram ad statuam, Cic.: aciem acrem in omnes partes, Verg.: oculos in vultum legentis, Iustin.: brachia remis, die R. ergreifen, Verg.: manus verberibus ultro, entgegenstrecken, Tac. – b) wohin richten, strecken, zücken, zielen, v. Waffen, tela, Sall.: hastas, vorstrecken, Liv.: tormenta, die Geschütze bedienen, Curt.: sagittam, abschnellen, Verg.: telum in iugulum, Plin. ep.: tela iugulis civitatis, Cic.: im Bilde, de ducentis nummis primum intendam ballistam in senem, will ich auf den Leib rücken, Plaut. Bacch. 709. – 2) übtr.: a) tr.: α) seine Bewegung wohin einschlagen, antreten, sich anschicken zu usw., iter ad od. in mit Akk., Liv.: fugam eodem, Curt.: fugam ad Euphratem, Curt: longe diversam (in ganz verschiedener Richtung) fugam, Curt.: longiorem fugam, Curt.: novum alveum, sich bahnen, Curt. – β) seinen Geist usw., wohin richten, wenden, lenken, illuc mentem, Quint.: animum eo (dahin) od. quo (wohin), Cic.: mentem od. animum in alqd, Cic.: animum ad alqd, Cic.: oculos mentesque ad pugnam, Caes.: animum alci rei, Hor. u. Quint.: bl. intendere alci rei, Min. Fel. 7, 5 u. 17, 9: considerationem in alqd, cogitationes ad alqd, Cic.: sensus ad alqd, Cic.: curam in alqd, Liv.: omnes curas in alqm, Curt.: dolorem in ultionis solacia, Iustin. – γ) eine Tätigkeit usw. feindlich gegen jmd. richten, erheben, anstrengen, über jmd. verhängen, eo bellum, Liv.: totum bellum in Hispaniam Hannibalemque, Liv.: periculum alci od. in alqm, Cic.: fallaciam in alqm, auf den Leib (Pelz) rücken mit usw., Ter.: alci dolum, eine Falle legen, Curt.: alci probra ac minas, ausstoßen gegen usw., Tac.: alci litem od. actionem perduellionis, Cic.: crimen in alqm, Liv.: u. adulterii crimen alci, Suet. – b) intr. od. refl.: α) wohin seine Richtung (Wegrichtung) nehmen, sich wenden, seinen Weg nehmen od. einschlagen, quo intendam? Ter.: quo intenderat (sein Reiseziel), in Manliana castra pervenit, Cic.: u. (bildl. in der Rede) ante... quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere, Cic. – β) sein Streben auf etw. richten, wohin sein Ziel richten, huc igitur intendit, dahin ging sein Streben, Tac.: u. so huc potius intenderet, Tac.: ea (natura) non satis proficere potuisset, nisi eodem (ebendahin) studio atque imitatione intendisset, Cic.: itaque, quocumque intenderat, res adversae erant, Sall.: v. Lebl., ubi Marius haruspicis dicta eodem intendere (ebendahin zielen, -hindeuten) videt, Sall. – γ) seine Aufmerksamkeit auf etw. richten, auf etw. spannen, aufmerken, achten, lauern, in rem novam, Quint.: ad nuptias Cleopatrae, Iustin. Vgl. 1. intentus. – δ) seine geistige Tätigkeit auf etw. richten, einer Sache sich widmen, ergeben sein, nach etw. streben, mit etw. sich beschäftigen, in Italiam resque urbis, Tac.: ad publicas curas, Tac.: se alienis negotiis, Tac. Vgl. 1. intentus. – II) anspannen, spannen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: arcum, Cic.: chordas, Cic.: citharam, Censor.: vela, Verg.: fauces, Cic.: cutem, Phaedr. – b) prägn., α) m. Dat. od. absol. = spannen, ausspannen, coronas postibus, Ov.: vincula stuppea collo, Verg.: retia ad feras capiendas, Donat. Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 18: spissae nubes se intendunt (caelo), überziehen den H., Curt.: primis se intendentibus tenebris, mit eben anbrechender D., Liv. – β) m. Abl. = mit etw. bespannen, beziehen, tabernacula carbaseis velis, Cic.: sellam loris, Quint.: locum sertis, Verg.: citharam nervis, Quint.: brachia tergo, mit dem Cästus umwinden, Verg.: gracili geminas stamine telas, Ov. – 2) übtr.: a) anspannen, anstrengen, ingenium, Sall.: animum, Cic.: se ad firmitatem, Cic. – b) etw. anstreben, sich zu etw. anschicken, etw. beabsichtigen, consilium, Ter.: si Antonius quod animo intenderat perficere potuisset, Cic.: neque quod intenderat perficere potest, Sall.: m. folg. Infin., fugā salutem petere intenderunt, Caes.: in potestatem redigere animo intendit, Tac.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., intendentes, ut oratores fiant, Quint.: u. (mit vorherg. allg. Acc.) non quod intenderat, ut Adherbalis potiretur, efficere potuit, Sall. – c) anspannen, steigern, heben, erhöhen, α) extensiv, vocem, Verg. u. Quint.: spiritum (das Atmen), Curt. – β) intensiv, alimentorum pretia, Tac.: officia (Diensteifer), Sall.: odium, formidinem, metum, Tac.: leges, schärfen (Ggstz. mitigare), Plin. ep.: vera, übertreiben, Tac. – d) zu beweisen suchen, behaupten, id, quod intenderat, confirmare, Cic.: m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Lupus intendere coepit, se oportere... facere, Cic.: od. absol., quomodo nunc intendit, Cic. – / Vulg. Fut. intendebis, Itala (psalt. Veron.) Habac. 3, 9: vulg. Partiz. Perf. intenditus, Fronto fer. Als. 3. p. 225, 18 N.
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16 reddo
reddo, didī, ditum, ere, zurück-, von sich geben, I) zurückgeben = wiedergeben, wieder abgeben, wieder herausgeben, zurückerstatten, wieder zustellen, 1) denselben Gegenstand (Ggstz. dare, committere, accipere, adimere): α) konkr. Objj.: omne argentum, Plaut.: equos, Cic.: alci pecuniam, Cic.: alci amissa, Liv.: da sodes abs te, ego post reddidero tibi, Plaut.: immo cedo abs te, ego post tibi reddam duplex, Plaut.: meum mihi reddatur, Ter.: ea, quae utenda acceperis, maiore mensurā, si modo possis, iubet reddere Hesiodus, Cic. – obsides, captivos, Caes.: redde hostem, bring wieder her, Ov. – bes. nach einer Unterbrechung, Abwesenheit, aus Gefahr, Mühsal eine Person oder Sache wiedergeben, ut te (medicus) suscitet ac natis reddat carisque propinquis, Hor.: urbem senatui ac populo Romano, templa dis reddita (esse), Tac. – u. so refl., se reddere convivio, sich zum G. zurückbegeben, Liv.: se terris (v. Tageslicht), Verg.: se alci, sich wieder zu jmd. gesellen, Plin. ep.: Teucrûm se iterum in arma, sich den W. der T. wieder stellen, Verg.: ebenso Pass. reddi medial, reddar tenebris, mich zurückbegeben zu usw., Verg.: Daedalus redditus his primum terris, zurückgegeben (nach gefahrvoller Luftfahrt), Verg.: nec post oculis est reddita nostris, bot sich nie wieder dar, Verg.: selten absol., wie Ov. met. 15, 275 sq. (v. einem Flusse). – β) abstr. Objj.: libertatem (Ggstz. lib. adimere), Suet.: antiquum belli decus amissum, Liv.: alci patriam, Liv.: alci ereptum honorem, Verg.: Musis alcis operas, seinen tätigen Zustand wieder zuwenden, Cic. – zugl. m. Infin., tandem sua monstra profundo reddit habere Iovi, Stat. Theb. 1, 616.
2) einem anderes als Entgelt, in gleichem Maße zurückgeben, wiedergeben, dagegengeben, erstatten, vergelten (Ggstz. dare, sumere, accipere), a) übh.: α) konkr. Objj.: alias tegulas, andere dafür (für die zerbrochenen) einsetzen, Plaut.: oscula, Ov.: pro benefactis alcis ei pretium, Plaut. – β) abstr. Objj.: alci operam, Plaut.: beneficium, Cic. u.a.: pro maleficio beneficium, Ter.: beneficium cum usura, Sen.: pro vita hominis hominis vitam, Caes.: ante illatum terrorem, Liv.: hosti cladem, cladem acceptam, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 24, 17, 7. p. 237): gratiam, die erwiesene Gunst zurückerstatten, durch die Tat Dank abstatten, Sall.: u. so gratiam cum magno fenore (v. Weinstock), Colum. – sive paria (verba) paribus redduntur (gegenübergestellt werden) sive opponuntur (entgegengesetzt werden) contraria, Cic. or. 164. – b) insbes.: α) in einer anderen Sprache wiedergeben = verdolmetschen, übersetzen, übertragen, cum ea quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic.: verba Latine, Ov.: verbum pro verbo, Cic.: verbum verbo, Hor. – β) mündlich zurückgeben, als Nachahmung = wiedergeben, verba bene, v. Papagei, Ov.: de multis verba novissima (von dem Echo als Pers.), Ov.: clamorem, Curt. – als Antwort = erwidern, entgegnen, versetzen, veras audire et reddere voces, Verg.: mutua dicta, Worte wechseln, Ov.: verba tot, nur soviel entgegnen, Ov.: nullam vocem ad minas, Curt.: Aeneas contra cui talia reddit, Verg.
3) einen Gegenstand dem Ansehen, der Beschaffenheit, dem Wesen nach wiedergeben, abspiegeln, vollständig nachahmen, im Bilde, ἀττικισμος ille reddens Athenarum proprium saporem, Quint.: natus hic vultus tuos reddit, Sen. poët.: tectorium odorem croci saporemque reddit, Plin. – qui te nomine reddet Silvius Aeneas, mit dir gleichnamig sein wird, Verg. – bes. durch Rede, Schrift od. Kunst, reddidisse in loquendo paternam elegantiam, Quint.: in litteris veteres aemulatur, exprimit, reddit, Propertium in primis, Plin. ep.: omnia reddiderat pictor, Petron. – u. im Wesen u. Benehmen, matrem reddit ac refert nobis, Plin. ep.: omnes Catilinas Acidinos postea reddidit, machte durch sein Benehmen Katilina u. seine Rotte zu Acidinern, d.i. ließ K. u. seine Rotte gegen sich als wahre Tugendspiegel erscheinen, Cic. ad Att. 4, 3, 3.
4) einen Gegenstand in einen entgegengesetzten Zustand zurückversetzen, so und so herstellen, zu dem und dem machen, m. dopp. Acc.: α) alqd od. alqm m. Ang. wozu? durch ein Adi.: viscera saxea, Ov.: domum eius exornatam et instructam fere iam reddidisse nudam atque inanem, Cic.: segetes laetas, Colum.: itinera infesta, Caes.: mare tutum, Nep.: quae res post eum quae essent tuta ab hostibus reddebat, ihm den Rücken sicherte, Caes.: omnia breviora reddet ordo et ratio et modus, Quint. – persönl. Objj., alqm iratum, Cic.: alqm ita placidum mollemque, ut etc., Cic.: alqm hebetem, Cic.: alqm caecum, Cic.: alqm praecipiendo meliorem, Cic.: homines ex feris et immanibus mites et mansuetos, Cic.: formosum adulescentem exsectis virilibus semivirum (zum Kastraten), Lact – selten im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., obscura moto reddita forma lacu est, Ov. met. 3, 475 sq.: alias per sudorem corpus tantum imbecillius redditur, Cels. 3, 3, 19: adeo (eum) caedit, ut Granicus et Aesepus amnes cruenti redderentur, Flor. 3, 5, 17: u. so Iustin. 29, 4, 3; 42, 5, 4; 44, 1, 10. Eutr. 1, 9. – β) alqd od. alqm mit Ang. wozu? durch ein Partic. Perf.: alqd effectum, Plaut.: omne transactum, Plaut.: dictum ac factum reddidi, das war wie gesagt, so getan, das ist alles fertig und abgetan, Ter.: sed iam prior amor me ad hanc rem exercitatum reddidit, Ter. – γ) alqm mit Ang. wozu? durch ein Subst.: alqm avem, Ov.: alqm meum (zu meinem Freunde), hostem Romanis, Nep.: alqm spectatorem, Ov.: alqm ludibrium omnium inter aequales, Iustin. – δ) alqd m. Ang. wozu? durch ut m. Konj., reddes omnia quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, incerta ut sient sine omni periculo, Ter. Andr. 389.
II) von sich geben, herausgeben, 1) für jmd. Bestimmtes, jmdm. Gebührendes, Erbetenes abgeben, herausgeben, zustellen, zukommen lassen, a) übh.: alci epistulam, litteras, Cic. (u. so nullae mihi abs te sunt redditae litterae, Br. von dir, Cic.): mandata Augusto Romae (v. Gesandten), Suet. – argentum, Ter.: caprum, Verg.: tunicam non reddere servo, Iuven.: lavacrum et vinum et varium cibum, Cael. Aur.: alci hereditatem, Cic.: suum cuique, Cic.: nomina sua facto, die T. beim rechten Namen nennen, Ov. – praemia debita, Verg.: cetera praemia, Verg.: honorem. Cic.: nec medico honorem (Honorar) suum nec operario mercedem, Augustin.: promissa viro, Verg.: caute vota, erfüllen, Cic.: u. so vota Iovi, Herculi, Ov. u. Suet. – rationem, Rechnung, Rechenschaft ablegen (Aufschluß geben), alci, Cic., alcis rei, Cic., de alqa re, Vitr. – poenas graves impietatis in parentem alcis, büßen, Sall. – So nun α) von Sterbenden, debitum naturae morbo, Nep.: vitam naturae, Cic., u. bl. vitam, Lucr., vitam bene, Cic.: vitam pro alqo, Ov.: animam caelestem caelo, Vell., u. bl. animas, Verg.: u. bl. reddi caelo, Vell.: eum spiritum, quem naturae debeo, patriae reddere, Cic. (vgl. unten no. 2): quod reliquum vitae viriumque, id ferro potissimum reddere volebant, preisgeben, Cic. – β) v. Opfernden, dar bringen, tura lari, Tibull.: liba deae, Ov.: exta Marti, Suet.: u. prägn., super caespitem exta, über den R. (legend) = auf dem R. darbringen, Tac.: u. so lancibus pandis fumantia exta, auf gebogenen Sch., Verg. – γ) v. Schreibenden od. Sprechenden, schristlich oder mündlich zukommen lassen, zum besten geben, berichten, sin nihil praeter iocationem, redde hoc ipsum, Cic.: sed perge, Pomponi, de Caesare, et redde quae restant, Cic.: in eo libro, quo causas eloquentiae reddebamus, Quint. – b) als Zugeständnis zukommen lassen, α) als neue Bewilligung zugestehen, anheimgeben, erteilen, gewähren, zuweisen, suis quaeque temporibus, Curt.: responsa, Verg.: nullo reddito responso, Liv.: conubia, Liv.: peccatis veniam, Hor.: una superstitio (bindende Eid) superis quae reddita divis, Verg. – So nun als gerichtl. t. t.: αα) reddere iudicium, eine gerichtl. Untersuchung erteilen (gewähren), anstellen (von der Obrigkeit, bes. v. Prätor), absol., Cornif. rhet., in alqm, Caes., maiestatis, Tac., de eadem causa iterum, Ter., an reus causa sit mortis, Quint. – ββ) reddere ius, Recht erteilen, sprechen (v. Könige, Kaiser, v. der Obrigkeit, bes. v. Prätor), absol., Tac., alci petenti, Caes.: populo, Liv.: pro tribunali, Suet. – Plur., iura reddere, Liv.: suo regia iura Quiriti (v. Romulus), Ov.: iura adversus paganos, Tac.: reddere iura per pagos vicosque, Tac. – β) als bereits Besessenes belassen, Thermitanis urbem, agros legesque suas, Cic.: civitati suas leges, Liv.: civitati iura legesque, Caes.: Lanuvinis sacra sua, Liv.: omnia sua incolis, Curt. Vgl. Drak. Liv. 9, 43, 23.
2) aus dem Körper usw. von sich geben = a) ans dem Körper usw. ausstoßen, auswerfen, ausspeien, aspera arteria excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu, eandemque a pulmonibus respiret et reddat, Cic.: sonum, einen Ton von sich geben, tönen, klingen (v. musikal. Instrum., Worten usw.), Hor., Sen. u.a.: lenem sonum, Plin.: vocem (v. leb. Wesen), Verg. u. Hor.: crepitum (ventris), v. Esel, Plin.: stridorem, Ov.: murmura, Ov.: flammam, Plin.: sanguinem, Plin. ep.: bilem alvo, Cels.: alvum, urinam, Cels.: calculum urinā, Plin. – bes. v. Gebären, catulum partu, Ov.: vivum onus, Ov. – b) als Ertrag abwerfen, von Grundstücken, fructum (Ertrag), Varro: in pabulo non minus quam in feno, Colum. – v. Getreide, quae siccae moluntur plus farinae reddunt, Plin.: siligineae farinae modius Gallicae XXII libras panis reddit, Plin. – c) Gehörtes, Erdachtes aus dem Kopfe hersagen, aufsagen, vortragen, ea sine scripto verbis isdem, Cic.: rerum multa nomina audita, Quint.: quid cuique vendidissent, Quint.: dictata magistro, Hor.: carmina, Hor.: modos voce, absingen, Hor. – verba male, aussprechen, Ov. – / redideique (= reddidique), Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 551, 11. – archaist. Futur. reddibo, Plaut. Cas. 129; Men. 1038; Vidul. fr. 4 Stud. (bei Prisc. 6, 32 u. 35. Non. 508, 8): reddebit, Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 8752. – parag. Infin. reddier, *Arnob. 7, 25 extr. (nach Zinks Vermutung).
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17 intendo
in-tendo, tendī, tentum, ere, I) hin- (entgegen-), herstrecken, hinrichten, -wenden, wohin strecken, spannen, lenken, richten, wenden, 1) eig.: a) übh.: brachia, Ov.: manum, Tac., palmas, Ov.: dextram ad statuam, Cic.: aciem acrem in omnes partes, Verg.: oculos in vultum legentis, Iustin.: brachia remis, die R. ergreifen, Verg.: manus verberibus ultro, entgegenstrecken, Tac. – b) wohin richten, strecken, zücken, zielen, v. Waffen, tela, Sall.: hastas, vorstrecken, Liv.: tormenta, die Geschütze bedienen, Curt.: sagittam, abschnellen, Verg.: telum in iugulum, Plin. ep.: tela iugulis civitatis, Cic.: im Bilde, de ducentis nummis primum intendam ballistam in senem, will ich auf den Leib rücken, Plaut. Bacch. 709. – 2) übtr.: a) tr.: α) seine Bewegung wohin einschlagen, antreten, sich anschicken zu usw., iter ad od. in mit Akk., Liv.: fugam eodem, Curt.: fugam ad Euphratem, Curt: longe diversam (in ganz verschiedener Richtung) fugam, Curt.: longiorem fugam, Curt.: novum alveum, sich bahnen, Curt. – β) seinen Geist usw., wohin richten, wenden, lenken, illuc mentem, Quint.: animum eo (dahin) od. quo (wohin), Cic.: mentem od. animum in alqd, Cic.: animum ad alqd, Cic.: oculos mentesque ad pugnam, Caes.: animum alci rei, Hor. u. Quint.: bl. intendere alci rei, Min. Fel. 7, 5 u. 17, 9: considerationem in alqd, cogitationes ad————alqd, Cic.: sensus ad alqd, Cic.: curam in alqd, Liv.: omnes curas in alqm, Curt.: dolorem in ultionis solacia, Iustin. – γ) eine Tätigkeit usw. feindlich gegen jmd. richten, erheben, anstrengen, über jmd. verhängen, eo bellum, Liv.: totum bellum in Hispaniam Hannibalemque, Liv.: periculum alci od. in alqm, Cic.: fallaciam in alqm, auf den Leib (Pelz) rücken mit usw., Ter.: alci dolum, eine Falle legen, Curt.: alci probra ac minas, ausstoßen gegen usw., Tac.: alci litem od. actionem perduellionis, Cic.: crimen in alqm, Liv.: u. adulterii crimen alci, Suet. – b) intr. od. refl.: α) wohin seine Richtung (Wegrichtung) nehmen, sich wenden, seinen Weg nehmen od. einschlagen, quo intendam? Ter.: quo intenderat (sein Reiseziel), in Manliana castra pervenit, Cic.: u. (bildl. in der Rede) ante... quam illuc proficiscare, quo te dicis intendere, Cic. – β) sein Streben auf etw. richten, wohin sein Ziel richten, huc igitur intendit, dahin ging sein Streben, Tac.: u. so huc potius intenderet, Tac.: ea (natura) non satis proficere potuisset, nisi eodem (ebendahin) studio atque imitatione intendisset, Cic.: itaque, quocumque intenderat, res adversae erant, Sall.: v. Lebl., ubi Marius haruspicis dicta eodem intendere (ebendahin zielen, -hindeuten) videt, Sall. – γ) seine Aufmerksamkeit auf etw. richten, auf etw. spannen, aufmerken, achten, lauern, in rem novam, Quint.: ad nuptias Cleopatrae, Iustin.————Vgl. 1. intentus. – δ) seine geistige Tätigkeit auf etw. richten, einer Sache sich widmen, ergeben sein, nach etw. streben, mit etw. sich beschäftigen, in Italiam resque urbis, Tac.: ad publicas curas, Tac.: se alienis negotiis, Tac. Vgl. 1. intentus. – II) anspannen, spannen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: arcum, Cic.: chordas, Cic.: citharam, Censor.: vela, Verg.: fauces, Cic.: cutem, Phaedr. – b) prägn., α) m. Dat. od. absol. = spannen, ausspannen, coronas postibus, Ov.: vincula stuppea collo, Verg.: retia ad feras capiendas, Donat. Ter. Andr. 4, 3, 18: spissae nubes se intendunt (caelo), überziehen den H., Curt.: primis se intendentibus tenebris, mit eben anbrechender D., Liv. – β) m. Abl. = mit etw. bespannen, beziehen, tabernacula carbaseis velis, Cic.: sellam loris, Quint.: locum sertis, Verg.: citharam nervis, Quint.: brachia tergo, mit dem Cästus umwinden, Verg.: gracili geminas stamine telas, Ov. – 2) übtr.: a) anspannen, anstrengen, ingenium, Sall.: animum, Cic.: se ad firmitatem, Cic. – b) etw. anstreben, sich zu etw. anschicken, etw. beabsichtigen, consilium, Ter.: si Antonius quod animo intenderat perficere potuisset, Cic.: neque quod intenderat perficere potest, Sall.: m. folg. Infin., fugā salutem petere intenderunt, Caes.: in potestatem redigere animo intendit, Tac.: m. folg. ut u. Konj., intendentes, ut oratores fiant, Quint.: u. (mit vorherg. allg. Acc.) non quod intenderat, ut Adherbalis potiretur, ef-————ficere potuit, Sall. – c) anspannen, steigern, heben, erhöhen, α) extensiv, vocem, Verg. u. Quint.: spiritum (das Atmen), Curt. – β) intensiv, alimentorum pretia, Tac.: officia (Diensteifer), Sall.: odium, formidinem, metum, Tac.: leges, schärfen (Ggstz. mitigare), Plin. ep.: vera, übertreiben, Tac. – d) zu beweisen suchen, behaupten, id, quod intenderat, confirmare, Cic.: m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Lupus intendere coepit, se oportere... facere, Cic.: od. absol., quomodo nunc intendit, Cic. – ⇒ Vulg. Fut. intendebis, Itala (psalt. Veron.) Habac. 3, 9: vulg. Partiz. Perf. intenditus, Fronto fer. Als. 3. p. 225, 18 N. -
18 reddo
reddo, didī, ditum, ere, zurück-, von sich geben, I) zurückgeben = wiedergeben, wieder abgeben, wieder herausgeben, zurückerstatten, wieder zustellen, 1) denselben Gegenstand (Ggstz. dare, committere, accipere, adimere): α) konkr. Objj.: omne argentum, Plaut.: equos, Cic.: alci pecuniam, Cic.: alci amissa, Liv.: da sodes abs te, ego post reddidero tibi, Plaut.: immo cedo abs te, ego post tibi reddam duplex, Plaut.: meum mihi reddatur, Ter.: ea, quae utenda acceperis, maiore mensurā, si modo possis, iubet reddere Hesiodus, Cic. – obsides, captivos, Caes.: redde hostem, bring wieder her, Ov. – bes. nach einer Unterbrechung, Abwesenheit, aus Gefahr, Mühsal eine Person oder Sache wiedergeben, ut te (medicus) suscitet ac natis reddat carisque propinquis, Hor.: urbem senatui ac populo Romano, templa dis reddita (esse), Tac. – u. so refl., se reddere convivio, sich zum G. zurückbegeben, Liv.: se terris (v. Tageslicht), Verg.: se alci, sich wieder zu jmd. gesellen, Plin. ep.: Teucrûm se iterum in arma, sich den W. der T. wieder stellen, Verg.: ebenso Pass. reddi medial, reddar tenebris, mich zurückbegeben zu usw., Verg.: Daedalus redditus his primum terris, zurückgegeben (nach gefahrvoller Luftfahrt), Verg.: nec post oculis est reddita nostris, bot sich nie wieder dar, Verg.: selten absol., wie Ov. met. 15, 275 sq. (v. einem Flusse). –————β) abstr. Objj.: libertatem (Ggstz. lib. adimere), Suet.: antiquum belli decus amissum, Liv.: alci patriam, Liv.: alci ereptum honorem, Verg.: Musis alcis operas, seinen tätigen Zustand wieder zuwenden, Cic. – zugl. m. Infin., tandem sua monstra profundo reddit habere Iovi, Stat. Theb. 1, 616.2) einem anderes als Entgelt, in gleichem Maße zurückgeben, wiedergeben, dagegengeben, erstatten, vergelten (Ggstz. dare, sumere, accipere), a) übh.: α) konkr. Objj.: alias tegulas, andere dafür (für die zerbrochenen) einsetzen, Plaut.: oscula, Ov.: pro benefactis alcis ei pretium, Plaut. – β) abstr. Objj.: alci operam, Plaut.: beneficium, Cic. u.a.: pro maleficio beneficium, Ter.: beneficium cum usura, Sen.: pro vita hominis hominis vitam, Caes.: ante illatum terrorem, Liv.: hosti cladem, cladem acceptam, Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 24, 17, 7. p. 237): gratiam, die erwiesene Gunst zurückerstatten, durch die Tat Dank abstatten, Sall.: u. so gratiam cum magno fenore (v. Weinstock), Colum. – sive paria (verba) paribus redduntur (gegenübergestellt werden) sive opponuntur (entgegengesetzt werden) contraria, Cic. or. 164. – b) insbes.: α) in einer anderen Sprache wiedergeben = verdolmetschen, übersetzen, übertragen, cum ea quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem, Cic.: verba Latine, Ov.: verbum pro verbo, Cic.: verbum verbo, Hor. – β) mündlich zurückgeben, als Nachah-————mung = wiedergeben, verba bene, v. Papagei, Ov.: de multis verba novissima (von dem Echo als Pers.), Ov.: clamorem, Curt. – als Antwort = erwidern, entgegnen, versetzen, veras audire et reddere voces, Verg.: mutua dicta, Worte wechseln, Ov.: verba tot, nur soviel entgegnen, Ov.: nullam vocem ad minas, Curt.: Aeneas contra cui talia reddit, Verg.3) einen Gegenstand dem Ansehen, der Beschaffenheit, dem Wesen nach wiedergeben, abspiegeln, vollständig nachahmen, im Bilde, ἀττικισμος ille reddens Athenarum proprium saporem, Quint.: natus hic vultus tuos reddit, Sen. poët.: tectorium odorem croci saporemque reddit, Plin. – qui te nomine reddet Silvius Aeneas, mit dir gleichnamig sein wird, Verg. – bes. durch Rede, Schrift od. Kunst, reddidisse in loquendo paternam elegantiam, Quint.: in litteris veteres aemulatur, exprimit, reddit, Propertium in primis, Plin. ep.: omnia reddiderat pictor, Petron. – u. im Wesen u. Benehmen, matrem reddit ac refert nobis, Plin. ep.: omnes Catilinas Acidinos postea reddidit, machte durch sein Benehmen Katilina u. seine Rotte zu Acidinern, d.i. ließ K. u. seine Rotte gegen sich als wahre Tugendspiegel erscheinen, Cic. ad Att. 4, 3, 3.4) einen Gegenstand in einen entgegengesetzten Zustand zurückversetzen, so und so herstellen, zu dem und dem machen, m. dopp. Acc.: α) alqd od.————alqm m. Ang. wozu? durch ein Adi.: viscera saxea, Ov.: domum eius exornatam et instructam fere iam reddidisse nudam atque inanem, Cic.: segetes laetas, Colum.: itinera infesta, Caes.: mare tutum, Nep.: quae res post eum quae essent tuta ab hostibus reddebat, ihm den Rücken sicherte, Caes.: omnia breviora reddet ordo et ratio et modus, Quint. – persönl. Objj., alqm iratum, Cic.: alqm ita placidum mollemque, ut etc., Cic.: alqm hebetem, Cic.: alqm caecum, Cic.: alqm praecipiendo meliorem, Cic.: homines ex feris et immanibus mites et mansuetos, Cic.: formosum adulescentem exsectis virilibus semivirum (zum Kastraten), Lact – selten im Passiv m. dopp. Nom., obscura moto reddita forma lacu est, Ov. met. 3, 475 sq.: alias per sudorem corpus tantum imbecillius redditur, Cels. 3, 3, 19: adeo (eum) caedit, ut Granicus et Aesepus amnes cruenti redderentur, Flor. 3, 5, 17: u. so Iustin. 29, 4, 3; 42, 5, 4; 44, 1, 10. Eutr. 1, 9. – β) alqd od. alqm mit Ang. wozu? durch ein Partic. Perf.: alqd effectum, Plaut.: omne transactum, Plaut.: dictum ac factum reddidi, das war wie gesagt, so getan, das ist alles fertig und abgetan, Ter.: sed iam prior amor me ad hanc rem exercitatum reddidit, Ter. – γ) alqm mit Ang. wozu? durch ein Subst.: alqm avem, Ov.: alqm meum (zu meinem Freunde), hostem Romanis, Nep.: alqm spectatorem, Ov.: alqm ludibrium omnium inter aequales, Iustin. – δ) alqd m. Ang. wozu? durch ut m.————Konj., reddes omnia quae nunc sunt certa ei consilia, incerta ut sient sine omni periculo, Ter. Andr. 389.II) von sich geben, herausgeben, 1) für jmd. Bestimmtes, jmdm. Gebührendes, Erbetenes abgeben, herausgeben, zustellen, zukommen lassen, a) übh.: alci epistulam, litteras, Cic. (u. so nullae mihi abs te sunt redditae litterae, Br. von dir, Cic.): mandata Augusto Romae (v. Gesandten), Suet. – argentum, Ter.: caprum, Verg.: tunicam non reddere servo, Iuven.: lavacrum et vinum et varium cibum, Cael. Aur.: alci hereditatem, Cic.: suum cuique, Cic.: nomina sua facto, die T. beim rechten Namen nennen, Ov. – praemia debita, Verg.: cetera praemia, Verg.: honorem. Cic.: nec medico honorem (Honorar) suum nec operario mercedem, Augustin.: promissa viro, Verg.: caute vota, erfüllen, Cic.: u. so vota Iovi, Herculi, Ov. u. Suet. – rationem, Rechnung, Rechenschaft ablegen (Aufschluß geben), alci, Cic., alcis rei, Cic., de alqa re, Vitr. – poenas graves impietatis in parentem alcis, büßen, Sall. – So nun α) von Sterbenden, debitum naturae morbo, Nep.: vitam naturae, Cic., u. bl. vitam, Lucr., vitam bene, Cic.: vitam pro alqo, Ov.: animam caelestem caelo, Vell., u. bl. animas, Verg.: u. bl. reddi caelo, Vell.: eum spiritum, quem naturae debeo, patriae reddere, Cic. (vgl. unten no. 2): quod reliquum vitae viriumque, id ferro potissimum reddere volebant, preisgeben, Cic. – β) v. Opfernden, dar-————bringen, tura lari, Tibull.: liba deae, Ov.: exta Marti, Suet.: u. prägn., super caespitem exta, über den R. (legend) = auf dem R. darbringen, Tac.: u. so lancibus pandis fumantia exta, auf gebogenen Sch., Verg. – γ) v. Schreibenden od. Sprechenden, schristlich oder mündlich zukommen lassen, zum besten geben, berichten, sin nihil praeter iocationem, redde hoc ipsum, Cic.: sed perge, Pomponi, de Caesare, et redde quae restant, Cic.: in eo libro, quo causas eloquentiae reddebamus, Quint. – b) als Zugeständnis zukommen lassen, α) als neue Bewilligung zugestehen, anheimgeben, erteilen, gewähren, zuweisen, suis quaeque temporibus, Curt.: responsa, Verg.: nullo reddito responso, Liv.: conubia, Liv.: peccatis veniam, Hor.: una superstitio (bindende Eid) superis quae reddita divis, Verg. – So nun als gerichtl. t. t.: αα) reddere iudicium, eine gerichtl. Untersuchung erteilen (gewähren), anstellen (von der Obrigkeit, bes. v. Prätor), absol., Cornif. rhet., in alqm, Caes., maiestatis, Tac., de eadem causa iterum, Ter., an reus causa sit mortis, Quint. – ββ) reddere ius, Recht erteilen, sprechen (v. Könige, Kaiser, v. der Obrigkeit, bes. v. Prätor), absol., Tac., alci petenti, Caes.: populo, Liv.: pro tribunali, Suet. – Plur., iura reddere, Liv.: suo regia iura Quiriti (v. Romulus), Ov.: iura adversus paganos, Tac.: reddere iura per pagos vicosque, Tac. – β) als bereits Besessenes belassen, Ther-————mitanis urbem, agros legesque suas, Cic.: civitati suas leges, Liv.: civitati iura legesque, Caes.: Lanuvinis sacra sua, Liv.: omnia sua incolis, Curt. Vgl. Drak. Liv. 9, 43, 23.2) aus dem Körper usw. von sich geben = a) ans dem Körper usw. ausstoßen, auswerfen, ausspeien, aspera arteria excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu, eandemque a pulmonibus respiret et reddat, Cic.: sonum, einen Ton von sich geben, tönen, klingen (v. musikal. Instrum., Worten usw.), Hor., Sen. u.a.: lenem sonum, Plin.: vocem (v. leb. Wesen), Verg. u. Hor.: crepitum (ventris), v. Esel, Plin.: stridorem, Ov.: murmura, Ov.: flammam, Plin.: sanguinem, Plin. ep.: bilem alvo, Cels.: alvum, urinam, Cels.: calculum urinā, Plin. – bes. v. Gebären, catulum partu, Ov.: vivum onus, Ov. – b) als Ertrag abwerfen, von Grundstücken, fructum (Ertrag), Varro: in pabulo non minus quam in feno, Colum. – v. Getreide, quae siccae moluntur plus farinae reddunt, Plin.: siligineae farinae modius Gallicae XXII libras panis reddit, Plin. – c) Gehörtes, Erdachtes aus dem Kopfe hersagen, aufsagen, vortragen, ea sine scripto verbis isdem, Cic.: rerum multa nomina audita, Quint.: quid cuique vendidissent, Quint.: dictata magistro, Hor.: carmina, Hor.: modos voce, absingen, Hor. – verba male, aussprechen, Ov. – ⇒ redideique (= reddidique), Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 551, 11. – ar-————chaist. Futur. reddibo, Plaut. Cas. 129; Men. 1038; Vidul. fr. 4 Stud. (bei Prisc. 6, 32 u. 35. Non. 508, 8): reddebit, Corp. inscr. Lat. 5, 8752. – parag. Infin. reddier, *Arnob. 7, 25 extr. (nach Zinks Vermutung). -
19 anima
ănĭma, ae, f. ( gen. animāï, Lucr. 1, 112; 3, 150 et saep.; cf. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 12; Lachm. ad Lucr. 1, 29; dat. and abl. plur. regul. animis, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; Lact. Inst. 6, 20, 19; 7, 2, 1; Arn. 2, 18; 2, 30; 2, 33; Aug. Civ. Dei, 13, 18; 13, 19; id. Ver. Relig. 22, 43:I.animabus, only in eccl. and later Lat.,
Vulg. Exod. 30, 12; ib. Psa. 77, 18; ib. Matt. 11, 29; ib. Heb. 13, 17 et saep.; Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34; id. Anim. 33 al.; Aug. Civ. Dei, 19, 23; Prud. c. Symm. 1, 531; Aus. Rer. Odyss. 11; Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 136 al.; Neue, Formenl. I. p. 29) [v. animus], pr. that which blows or breathes; hence,Lit., air, a current of air, a breeze, wind (mostly poet.):II.ne quid animae forte amittat dormiens,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 23 sq.: vela ventorum animae immittere, Att. ap. Non. p. 234, 9 (Trag. Rel. p. 137 Rib.):aurarum leves animae,
Lucr. 5, 236:prece quaesit Ventorum pavidus paces animasque secundas,
he anxiously implores a lull in the winds and a favoring breeze, id. 5, 1229:impellunt animae lintea,
Hor. C. 4, 12, 2:Ne dubites quin haec animaï turbida sit vis,
Lucr. 6, 693: Quantum ignes animaeque [p. 121] valent (of the wind in the workshop of Vulcan), Verg. A. 8, 403.—Also of a flame of fire (blowing like the air): noctilucam tollo, ad focum fero, inflo; anima reviviscit, Varr. ap. Non. p. 234, 5.—Transf.A.In gen., the air, as an element, like fire, water, and earth (mostly poet.): aqua, terra, anima et sol, Enn. ap. Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 1:B.qui quattuor ex rebus posse omnia rentur, Ex igni, terrā atque animā, procrescere et imbri,
Lucr. 1, 715:ut, quem ad modum ignis animae, sic anima aquae, quodque anima aquae, id aqua terrae proportione redderet. Earum quattuor rerum etc.,
Cic. Tim. 5:utrum (animus) sit ignis, an anima, an sanguis,
id. Ac. 2, 39, 124:si anima est (animus), fortasse dissipabitur,
id. Tusc. 1, 1, 24; 1, 25, 6:si deus aut anima aut ignis est, idem est animus hominis,
id. ib. 1, 26, 65:animus ex inflammatā animā constat, ut potissimum videri video Panaetio,
id. ib. 1, 18, 42:Semina terrarumque animaeque,
Verg. E. 6, 32.—The air inhaled and exhaled, breath (concr.); while spiritus denotes orig. breathing (abstr.; very freq. in prose and poetry); cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:C.excipiat animam eam, quae ducta sit spiritu,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 44:animam compressi, aurem admovi,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28 Ruhnk.:animam recipe,
take breath, id. Ad. 3, 2, 26:cum spiritus ejus (sc. Demosthenis) esset angustior, tantum continendā animā in dicendo est assecutus, ut, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:ne circuitus ipse verborum sit longior quam vires atque anima patiatur,
id. ib. 3, 49, 191; 3, 46, 181; id. N. D. 2, 54, 136: fetida anima nasum oppugnat, Titin. ap. Non. p. 233, 5 (Com. Rel. p. 136 Rib.); Caecil. ib. 9:qui non modo animum integrum, sed ne animam quidem puram conservare potuisset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58: animas et olentia Medi Ora fovent illo, with this the Medes correct their breath, etc., Verg. G. 2, 134:respiramen iterque Eripiunt animae,
Ov. M. 12, 143; cf. id. F. 1, 425:animae gravitas,
bad smell of the breath, Plin. 20, 9, 35, § 91; cf. id. 11, 37, 72, § 188; 22, 25, 64, § 132 al.:artavit clusitque animam,
Luc. 4, 370; so Tac. A. 6, 50:spes illorum abominatio animae,
Vulg. Job, 11, 20.—Of breath exhaled:inspirant graves animas,
Ov. M. 4, 498.— Of the air breathed into a musical instrument, a breath of air, Varr. ap. Non. p. 233. 13.—Since air is a necessary condition of life,1.. The vital principle, the breath of life:2.animus est, quo sapimus, anima, quā vivimus,
Non. p. 426, 27 (hence anima denotes the animal principle of life, in distinction from animus, the spiritual, reasoning, willing principle; very freq. in Lucr. and class.): Mater est terra, ea parit corpus, animam aether adjugat, Pac. ap. Non. p. 75, 11 (Trag. Rel. p. 88 Rib.):tunc cum primis ratione sagaci, Unde anima atque animi constet natura, videndum,
whence spring life and the nature of the mind, Lucr. 1, 131; 3, 158 sq.; so id. 3, 417 sq.; 3, 565; 3, 705; 2, 950; 4, 922; 4, 944; 4, 959; 6, 798; 6, 1223;6, 1233 et saep.: deus totus est sensuus, totus visuus, totus audituus, totus animae, totus animi, totus sui,
Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 14 Jan:quaedam (animantia) animum habent, quaedam tantum animam,
Sen. Ep. 58:anima omnis carnis in sanguine est,
Vulg. Lev. 17, 14 al. —Hence,In gen., life:3.cum anima corpus liquerit,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 214 Rib.:Animae pauxillulum in me habet,
Naev. Com. Rel. p. 14 Rib.: Date ferrum, quī me animā privem, Enn. ap. Non. p. 474, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 37 Rib.): me dicabo atque animam devōvo (i. e. devovero) hostibus, Att. ap. Non. p. 98, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 283 Rib.):conficit animam vis volneris,
Att. Trag. Rel. p. 209 Rib.:adimere animam,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 137; so id. Men. 5, 5, 7:exstinguere,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 16:relinquere,
id. ib. 3, 4, 52:edere,
Cic. Sest. 38:de vestrā vitā, de conjugum vestrarum ac liberorum animā judicandum est,
id. Cat. 4, 9, 18:si tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,
id. Rosc. Am. 50:libertas et anima nostra in dubio est,
Sall. C. 52, 6:pauci, quibus relicta est anima, clausi in tenebris, etc.,
id. J. 14, 15; cf.retinere,
id. ib. 31, 20:de manu viri et fratris ejus requiram animam hominis,
Vulg. Gen. 9, 5; ib. Matt. 2, 20; ib. 1 Cor. 14, 7:animam agere,
to give up the ghost, to die, Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 19;so also efflare,
to expire, id. ib.; id. Mil. 18 fin.; Suet. Aug. 99; so,exhalare,
Ov. M. 15, 528; and, exspirare, id. ib. 5, 106 (cf. in Gr. thumon apopneein, psuchên ekpneein, bion apopsuchein, etc.):deponere,
Nep. Hann. 1, 3:ponere,
Vulg. Joan. 10, 17; 13, 27:amittere,
Lucr. 6, 1233:emittere,
Nep. Epam. 9, 3 Br. (so in Gr. aphienai tên psuchên):proicere,
Verg. A. 6, 436:purpuream vomit ille animam, said of a wounded man,
id. ib. 9, 349.—In Vulg. Matt. 16, 25 and 26, anima in v. 25 seems to pass to the higher meaning, soul, (cf. infra, II. D.) in v. 26, as hê psuchê in the original also can do.— Poet.:anima amphorae,
the fumes of wine, Phaedr. 3, 1: Ni ego illi puteo, si occepso, animam omnem intertraxero, draw up all the life of that well, i. e. draw it dry, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 41.— Trop.:corpus imperii unius praesidis nutu, quasi animā et mente, regeretur,
Flor. 4, 3:accentus quasi anima vocis est,
Pompon. p. 67 Lind.—Prov.: animam debere, to owe life itself, of one deeply in debt:quid si animam debet?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 56 (Graecum proverbium: kai autên tên psuchên opheilei, Don.).—Metaph., applied to plants and other things possessing organic life, Sen. Ep. 58; so Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 152; 31, 1, 1, § 3; 14, 1, 3, § 16 al.—Meton., a creature endowed with anima, a living being: ova parere solet genu' pennis condecoratum, non animam, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, 10, 18:4.hi (deos) fibris animāque litant,
Stat. Th. 2, 246; Vulg. Gen. 2, 7; ib. Josh. 11, 11; ib. Luc. 9, 56; ib. Act. 2, 43 et saep.:animae rationis expertes,
Lact. 3, 8.—So esp. of men (as we also say souls for persons; poet. or in post-Aug. prose):egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis Hanc patriam peperere suo, etc.,
Verg. A. 11, 24:animae quales nec candidiores, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 41; Luc. 5, 322:vos Treveri et ceterae servientium animae,
ministering spirits, Tac. H. 4, 32.—So in enumerations in eccl. Lat.:hos genuit Jacob sedecim animas,
Vulg. Gen. 46, 18; 46, 22; ib. Act. 2, 41; 7, 14.—Of slaves (eccl. Lat.):merces animarum hominum,
Vulg. Apoc. 18, 13 (after the use of hê psuchê and). —Hence, also, souls separated from the body, the shades of the Lower World, manes: Unde (ex Averno) animae excitantur, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37:tu pias laetis animas reponis Sedibus,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 17; cf. id. S. 1, 8, 29:animamque sepulcro Condimus,
Verg. A. 3, 67; Ov. M. 7, 612; so id. ib. 8, 488; 10, 41; 14, 411; 15, 158; Suet. Caes. 88; so,vita: tenuīs sine corpore vitas volitare,
Verg. A. 6, 292.—So in eccl. Lat. of departed spirits:timete eum, qui potest animam et corpus perdere in Gehennam,
Vulg. Matt. 10, 28 bis:non derelinques animam meam in Inferno,
ib. Act. 2, 27; ib. Apoc. 6, 9; 20, 4.—As expressive of love:D.vos, meae carissimae animae,
my dearest souls, Cic. Fam. 14, 14; 14, 18:Pro quā non metuam mori, Si parcent animae fata superstiti,
the dear surviving life, Hor. C. 3, 9, 12; cf.:animae dimidium meae,
id. ib. 1, 3, 8:meae pars animae,
id. ib. 2, 17, 5.—Sometimes for animus, as the rational soul of man.a.The mind as the seat of thought (cf. animus, II. A.):b.anima rationis consiliique particeps,
Cic. N.D.1, 31, 87:causa in animā sensuque meo penitus affixa atque insita,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 53:ingenii facinora, sicut anima, immortalia sunt,
Sall. J. 2, 2.—So often in eccl. Lat.:ad te Domine, levavi animam meam,
Vulg. Psa. 24, 1; 102, 1; 118, 129:magnificat anima mea Dominum,
ib. Luc. 1, 46; ib. Act. 15, 24 al.—As the seat of feeling (cf. animus, II. B.): sapimus animo, fruimur animā: sine animo anima est debilis, Att. ap. Non. p. 426, 29 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.):E.desiderat anima mea ad te, Deus,
Vulg. Psa. 41, 2:tristis est anima mea,
ib. Matt. 26, 38; ib. Joan. 10, 27 et saep.—For consciousness (cf. animus, II. A. 3. and conscientia, II. A.):cum perhibetur animam liquisse,
Lucr. 3, 598; in this phrase animus is more common. -
20 reddo
red-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3 (old fut. reddibo = reddam, Plaut. Cas. 1, 41; id. Men. 5, 7, 49, acc. to Non. 476, 27; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 508, 9; pass. reddibitur, id. Ep. 1, 1, 22), v. a.I.Lit., to give back, return, restore (freq. and class.;(β).syn. restituo): reddere est quod debeas ei cujus est volenti dare,
Sen. Ben. 7, 19, 2:ut mihi pallam reddat, quam dudum dedi,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 109; 4, 3, 5; cf.:potes nunc mutuam drachmam dare mihi unam, quam cras reddam tibi?
id. Ps. 1, 1, 84;so corresp. to dare,
id. ib. 1, 1, 89; id. Stich. 4, 1, 42:quid si reddatur illi, unde empta est,
id. Merc. 2, 3, 83; id. Men. 3, 3, 21 sq.; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 24 sq. et saep.; cf.the foll.: ea, quae utenda acceperis, majore mensurā, si modo possis, jubet reddere Hesiodus,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48;so corresp. to accipere,
id. Lael. 8, 26; 16, 58; id. Rep. 2, 5, 10; Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 13:accipe quod nunquam reddas mihi,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 66; Verg. G. 4, 172; id. A. 8, 450 et saep.:si quid ab omnibus conceditur, id reddo ac remitto,
I give it back and renounce it, Cic. Sull. 30, 84: Th. Redde argentum aut virginem. Ph. Quod argentum, quam tu virginem, me reposcis? Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 14:ut (virginem) suis Restituam ac reddam,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 67;so with restituere,
Liv. 3, 68 al.; cf.:reddere alias tegulas, i. e. restituere,
Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 29: obsides, Naev. ap. Non. 474, 19; so Caes. B. G. 1, 35; 1, 36; 6, 12:captivos,
id. ib. 7, 90; Liv. 26, 50:ho mines,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7 al.:corpora (mor tuorum),
Verg. A. 11, 103; cf. id. ib. 2, 543:equos,
Cic. Rep. 4, 2, 2; Suet. Aug. 38:suum cuique,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:hereditatem mulieri,
id. Fin. 2, 18, 58:sive paribus paria redduntur,
i. e. are set against, opposed to, id. Or. 49, 164:nosmet ipsos nobis reddidistis,
id. Red. in Sen. 1, 1:redditus Cyri solio Phraates,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 17:reddas incolumem, precor,
id. ib. 1, 3, 7:ut te reddat natis carisque,
id. S. 1, 1, 83:redditus terris Daedalus,
Verg. A. 6, 18; cf.:patriis aris,
id. ib. 11, 269:oculis nostris,
id. ib. 2, 740:tenebris,
id. ib. 6, 545:sed jam urbi votisque publicis redditus,
Plin. Pan. 60, 1:ex magnā desperatione saluti redditus,
Just. 12, 10, 1:quin tu primum salutem reddis, quam dedi,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 11:operam da, opera reddibitur tibi,
id. Ep. 1, 1, 22; so id. Men. 4, 2, 101: cum duo genera liberalitatis sint, unum dandi beneficii, alterum reddendi, demus nec ne, in nostrā potestate est;non reddere viro bono non licet,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 48; so Sen. Ben. 1, 1 sq.; and cf. Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 10:redde his libertatem,
id. Poen. 5, 4, 17; so,Lyciis libertatem ademit, Rhodiis reddidit,
Suet. Claud. 25:patriam,
Liv. 5, 51 fin.:sibi ereptum honorem,
Verg. A. 5, 342:conspectum,
id. ib. 9, 262 al.:se ipse convivio reddidit,
betook himself again to the banquet, returned, Liv. 23, 9 fin.:quae belua reddit se catenis,
Hor. S. 2, 7, 71:se reddidit astris,
Sil. 4, 119; so,lux terris,
Verg. A. 8, 170:se iterum in arma,
id. ib. 10, 684.—Poet., with inf.:(γ).sua monstra profundo Reddidit habere Jovi,
Stat. Th. 1, 616.—Absol. (rare and poet.), of a river:II.sic modo conbibitur, modo Redditur ingens Erasinus,
is swallowed up... reappears, Ov. M. 15, 275. —Transf.1.To give up, hand over, deliver, impart, assign; to yield, render, give, grant, bestow, pay, surrender, relinquish, resign (syn.:b.trado, refero): Cincius eam mihi abs te epistulam reddidit, quam tu dederas,
Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1; so,litteras (alicui),
id. ib. 2, 1, 1; id. Fam. 2, 17, 1:litteras a te mihi reddidit stator tuus,
id. ib. 2, 1, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 1; 2, 20; 3, 33; Sall. C. 34, 3; cf.mandata,
Suet. Tib. 16:pretium alicui pro benefactis ejus,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 20:hoccine pretii,
id. As. 1, 2, 2; cf.:praemia debita (along with persolvere grates),
Verg. A. 2, 537:cetera praemia (with dare),
id. ib. 9, 254:primos honores,
id. ib. 5, 347:gratiam alicui (for the usual referre gratiam),
Sall. J. 110, 4:reddunt ova columbae,
Juv. 3, 202:obligatam Jovi dapem,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 17:o fortunata mors, quae naturae debita, pro patriā est potissimum reddita,
Cic. Phil. 14, 12, 31; cf.:vitam naturae reddendam,
id. Rep. 1, 3, 5; so, vitam. Lucr. 6, 1198:debitum naturae morbo,
i. e. to die by disease, Nep. Reg. 1 fin.:lucem,
Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 35:ultimum spiritum,
Vell. 2, 14, 2; cf. id. 2, 22, 2; 2, 35 fin.;2, 87, 2: animam caelo,
id. ib. 123 fin.; cf.animas (with moriuntur),
Verg. G. 3, 495:hanc animam, vacuas in auras,
Ov. P. 2, 11, 7:caute vota reddunto,
to pay, offer, render, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22; so,vota,
Verg. E. 5, 75; Just. 11, 10, 10:tura Lari,
Tib. 1, 3, 34:liba deae,
Ov. F. 6, 476:fumantia exta,
Verg. G. 2, 194; Tac. H. 4, 53; cf.:graves poenas,
i. e. to suffer, Sall. J. 14, 21:promissa viro,
Verg. A. 5, 386 al.:tibi ego rationem reddam?
will render an account, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 6; so,rationem,
id. Trin. 2, 4, 114; Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 38;v. ratio: animam a pulmonibus respirare et reddere,
to give off, exhale, id. N. D. 2, 54, 136; cf.:ut tibiae sonum reddunt,
give forth, Quint. 11, 3, 20; so,sonum,
id. 9, 4, 40; 66; Sen. Ep. 108; Hor. A. P. 348:vocem,
Verg. A. 3, 40; 7, 95; 8, 217 (with mugiit); Hor. A. P. 158:stridorem,
Ov. M. 11, 608:murmura,
id. ib. 10, 702:flammam,
Plin. 37, 2, 11, § 36 et saep.; so,alvum,
Cels. 2, 12, 2:bilem,
id. 7, 23:sanguinem,
to vomit, Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 6 (just before:sanguinem rejecit): urinam,
Plin. 8, 42, 66, § 165:calculum,
id. 28, 15, 61, § 217:catulum partu,
Ov. M. 15, 379; cf.so of parturition,
id. ib. 10, 513; id. H. 16, 46:fructum, quem reddunt praedia,
yield, produce, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 75; Ov. P. 1, 5, 26; Col. 2, 16, 2; Pall. Febr. 9, 4; Plin. 18, 9, 20, § 87; cf. Tib. 2, 6, 22; Quint. 12, 10, 25:generi nostro haec reddita est benignitas,
is imparted to, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 27; cf.: nulla quies est [p. 1539] Reddita corporibus primis, Lucr. 2, 96. — Hence, poet., redditum esse, in gen., = factum esse, esse:una superstitio, superis quae reddita divis,
which is given, belongs to the gods, Verg. A. 12, 817:quibus et color et sapor una reddita sunt cum odore,
Lucr. 2, 681; cf. id. 2, 228 Munro ad loc.; Juv. 1, 93; Orell. ad Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 216:neque iis petentibus jus redditur,
is dispensed, granted, Caes. B. G. 6, 13:alicui jus,
Quint. 11, 2, 50; cf.:alicui testimonium reddere industriae,
id. 11, 1, 88:quod reliquum vitae virium, id ferro potissimum reddere volebant,
to yield, sacrifice, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 89:quibus ille pro meritis... jura legesque reddiderat,
had conferred upon it the power of self-jurisdiction, Caes. B. G. 7, 76; cf Liv. 9, 43, 23 Drak.:Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,
id. 8, 14:conubia,
to bestow, grant, id. 4, 5:peccatis veniam,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 75:nomina facto vera,
to call by the right name, Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 36.— Hence,Jurid. t. t.:2.judicium,
to appoint, grant, fix the time for a trial, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 57; Caes. B. C. 2, 18; Quint. 7, 4, 43; Tac. A. 1, 72:jus,
to administer justice, pronounce sentence, id. ib. 6, 11; 13, 51; id. H. 3, 68; id. G. 12; Suet. Vit. 9 et saep.—To give up, yield, abandon to one that which has not been taken away, but only threatened or in danger:3.Thermitanis urbem, agros legesque suas reddere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 90 ( = relinquere, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, §88): Orestis leges suae redditae,
left undisturbed, Liv. 33, 34, 6; 9, 43, 23 (cf. restituere); 29, 21, 7.—To give back, pay back; hence, to take revenge for, punish, inflict vengeance for:4.per eum stare quominus accepta ad Cannas redderetur hosti clades,
Liv. 24, 17, 7:reddidit hosti cladem,
id. 24, 20, 2:redditaque aequa Cannensi clades,
id. 27, 49, 5.—To give back in speech or writing, i. e.a.To translate, render (syn.:b.converto, transfero): cum ea, quae legeram Graece, Latine redderem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 155:verbum pro verbo,
id. Opt. Gen. 5:verbo verbum,
Hor. A. P. 133; cf. Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 54.—To repeat, declare, report, narrate, recite, rehearse (freq. in Quint.):c.ut quae secum commentatus esset, ea sine scripto verbis iisdem redderet, quibus cogitasset,
Cic. Brut. 88, 301; cf. Quint. 10, 6, 3:sive paria (verba) paribus redduntur, sive opponuntur contraria,
Cic. Or. 49, 164:reddere quae restant,
id. Brut. 74, 258:tertium actum de pastionibus,
Varr. R. R. 3, 17, 1:nomina per ordinem audita,
Quint. 11, 2, 23:causas corruptae eloquentiae,
id. 8, 6, 76:quid cuique vendidissent,
id. 11, 2, 24:dictata,
to repeat, rehearse, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14; id. S. 2, 8, 80:carmen,
to recite, deliver, id. C. 4, 6, 43:cum talia reddidit hospes,
Ov. M. 6, 330; Lucr. 2, 179:causam,
id. F. 1, 278:insigne exemplum suo loco,
Tac. H. 4, 67.—To answer, reply ( poet.):5.veras audire et reddere voces,
Verg. A. 1, 409; 6, 689:Aeneas contra cui talia reddit,
id. ib. 10, 530;2, 323: auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore,
id. ib. 11, 251 et saep.; cf.responsa,
id. G. 3, 491:responsum,
Liv. 38, 9; 3, 60; Verg. A. 6, 672.—To give back or render a thing according to its nature or qualities; to represent, imitate, express, resemble ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):6.quas hominum reddunt facies,
Lucr. 6, 812:faciem locorum,
Ov. M. 6, 122; 7, 752:lux aemula vultum Reddidit,
gave back, reflected, Stat. Achill. 2, 191:formam alicujus,
Sil. 3, 634:et qui te nomine reddet Silvius Aeneas,
Verg. A. 6, 768; cf.:jam Phoebe toto fratrem cum redderet orbe,
Luc. 1, 538:paternam elegantiam in loquendo,
Quint. 1, 1, 6; 6, 3, 107; cf.:odorem croci saporemque,
i. e. to smell and taste like saffron, Plin. 36, 23, 55, § 177:imaginem quandam uvae,
id. 34, 12, 32, § 123:flammam excellentis purpurae et odorem maris,
id. 35, 6, 27, § 46:Apelleā redditus arte Mentor,
Mart. 11, 10, 2.—To give back, return a thing changed in some respect:7.senem illum Tibi dedo ulteriorem lepide ut lenitum reddas,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 31; cf.:quas tu sapienter mihi reddidisti opiparas opera tua,
id. Poen. 1, 1, 4.— Hence, in gen.,To make or cause a thing to be or appear something or somehow; to render (very freq. and class.; cf.:facio, redigo): reddam ego te ex ferā fame mansuetem,
Plaut. As. 1, 2, 19; id. Capt. 4, 2, 42:eam (servitutem) lenem reddere,
id. ib. 2, 5, 1: tutiorem et opulentiorem vitam reddere, Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3:haec itinera infesta reddiderat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 79:aliquem insignem,
Verg. A. 5, 705:obscuraque moto Reddita forma lacu est,
dimmed by the disturbance of the water, Ov. M. 3, 476:homines ex feris et immanibus mites reddidit et mansuetos,
Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2: omnes Catilinas Acidinos postea reddidit, has made all the Catilines seem to be Acidini, i. e. patriots, in comparison with himself, id. Att. 4, 3, 3:aliquid perfectum,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 109:aliquid effectum,
to accomplish, id. Ps. 1, 3, 152; 1, 5, 116; 5, 2, 14:omne transactum,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 95:actum,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 90:dictum ac factum,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 12.— With ut and subj.:hic reddes omnia Quae sunt certa ei consilia incerta ut sient,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 15.— Pass. = fieri scripsit fasciculum illum epistularum totum sibi aquā madidum redditum esse, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 4; Just. 16, 4, 6; 22, 7, 2:per sudorem corpus tantum imbecillius redditur,
Cels. 3, 3, 19; cf. Just. 29, 4, 3; 42, 5, 4; 44, 1, 10; Flor. 3, 5, 17; Val. Max. 4, 3 prooem.; Lact. 4, 26, 33.
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