plētus

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to fill, to make full', intr. `to fill oneself, to become or be full' (Il.).

Other forms: - άνεται 3. sg. (I 679), rare - άω, - έω (Hp.), also πλήθω (intr., late also tr.; ep. poet. Il.). Aor. πλῆ-σαι, - σασθαι, - σθῆναι, (Il.), intr. πλῆ-το, - ντο (ep.), ἐν-έπλητο etc. (Att.), fut. πλή-σω, - σομαι (Od.), - σθήσομαι (Att.), perf. midd. πέπλησμαι (IA.), act. πέπληκα (Att.), intr. πέπληθα (poet.).

Compounds: Very often w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-(συν-ανα-, προσ-ανα- a.o.), ἐν- ( ἀντ-εν-, παρ-εν- a.o.). As 1. member in some governing compp., e.g. πλησίστιος `filling the sail' (Od., E.), `with full sails' (Ph., Plu.).

Derivatives: 1. πλέως (also w. ἐν-, ἀνα-, ἐκ- a.o. to ἐμ-πίμπλημι etc.), Ion. πλέος, ep. πλεῖος = *πλῆος, ntr. πλέον `full' (Il.). On the comp. πλείων with sup. πλεῖστος s. esp. -- 2. πλή-μη f. `high tide, flood' (Plb., Str. a.o.), - σμη f. `id.' (Hes. Fr. 217), - μα πλήρωμα H., - σμα n. `fertilisation' (Arist.); - σμιος `saturating, causing tedium' (Epicur., medic.); - σμονή f. `fullness, congestion, (over)saturation' (IA.; Schwyzer 524, Chantraine Form. 207) with - σμονώδης (Hp., Gal.), - σμονικός (Pythag. Ep.) `(over)saturating'. On πλήμνη s. v. -- 3. πλή-ρης `full' (IA.); as 1. member e.g. πληρο-φορέω ` fulfill' (Ctes., LXX, NT, pap.); πληρό-της f. `fullness' (Plu.), πληρ-όω, very often w. prefix, e.g. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, ἀπο-, συν-, `to make full, to (ful)fill, to finish, to pay fully' (IA.) with - ωμα ( ἀνα-, συν- a.o.) n. `filling, filling piece, full number, full payment, (full) crew' (IA.), - ωσις ( ἀνα-, ἐκ- u.a.) f. `accomplishment, complement, satisfaction' (IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 128), - ωτής ( ἐκ-, ἀπο-) m. `finisher, executor, collector' (Att.), - ωτικός ( ἀνα-, συν- a.o.) `fulfilling, completing' (Epicur., medic. a. o.). -- 4. πλῆ-θος n. `fulness, mass (of people), herd' (Il., Dor., Arc.); often as 2. member, e.g. παμ-πληθής `consisting of a whole mass, very numerous' (Att.); -θᾱ f. `id.' (Locr., Boeot.); -θύ̄ς, - θύος f. `id.' (Ion. Cret. Locr. hell.; Bechtel Dial. 2, 791f., also Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 110 against Leumann Hom. Wörter 294 f.) with - θύω `to be full, to become full, increase', - θύνομαι, - θύνω `to belong to the mass, to agree with it, to augment oneself; to make full, to augment' (A., Arist., LXX, NT); from it - θυσμός m. `increase' (Procl., Simp.), - θυντικός `plural' (Gramm. a.o.); 5. πληθ-ώρα, Ion. -η f. `fulness', rnedic. `plethora, full-blooded' (Ion. hell.; on the secondary barytonesis Wackernagel-Debrunner Phil. 95, 181 f.) with - ωριάω `suffer from p.'. - ωρικός `plethoric' (Gal.), - ωρέω `to be full' (Suid.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [799] * pleh₁- `fill'

Etymology: The sigmatic aorist 3. sg. ἔ-πλησ-ε is (except for the -ε) identical with Skt. á-prās: IE *é-pleh₁s-t; with 1. pl. pres. πίμ-πλα-μεν agrees also, setting aside the secondary nasalisation of the present, Skt. pi-pr̥-más: IE *pi-pl̥-mé(s). Also 3. sg. πίμ-πλη-σι has a non-Gr. agreement, in Av. ham-pā-frāi-ti `fills up' over against Skt. pí-par-ti from IE * pi-pel-ti. Both in Greek and in Iran. came in sing. the langvocalic full grade plē- after other forms (e.g. the aor. *é-plēs-) for the prob. older Skt. pí-par-ti. After the pattern of τίθημι: τίθεμεν one made sometimes forms like ptc. pl. f. πιμπλεῖσαι (Hes.: τιθεῖσαι). With πέ-πλη-θ-α cf. still Skt. pa-prā́[u] (on θ below). -- The r-suffix in πλή-ρης (for older *πλη-ρο-ς? Schwyzer 513) is both in Arm. li-r `fullness' (from * plē-r-i-) and in Lat. plē-rus `for the greater part', plērī-que `most' (s. W.-Hofmann s. v.) attested. Also πλέως from *πλῆος (= Hom. πλεῖος), *πλη-(ι)ος can be equated with Arm. li `full' (better then li from * plē-tos = Lat. - plētus a.o.). The m-suffix in πλή-μη, - μα seems also in Lat. plēminābantur replēbantur (Gloss.; from * plēmen = πλῆμα) to be represented. -- Like πλῆ-θος: πλή-θω, πέ-πλη-θα also βρῖ-θος: βρί-θω: βέ-βρι-θα (s. v. and Schwyzer 511 a. 703); with πλῆθος, -θύ̄ς (on which Schwyzer 463f. and Frisk Eranos 43, 221) one compares Lat. plēbēs from IE *plēdhu̯ēs (cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.); well-argued doubts in Ernout-Meillet s. v. -- Further details w. rich lit. in WP. 2, 63f., Pok. 799f., W.-Hofmann s. pleō, Mayrhofer s. píparti¹; older lit. also in Bq. On the Greek form still Schwyzer 689. -- Cf. πολύς, πλείων, πλήμνη.

Page in Frisk: 2,537-538