-
1 ἀποδίδωμι
ἀποδίδωμι ptc. ἀποδιδοῦν (for-δόν) Rv 22:2 (B-D-F §94, 1; Rob. 312); impf. ἀπεδίδουν Ac 4:33, H 67:5; fut. ἀποδώσω; 1 aor. ἀπέδωκα; 2 aor. subj. 2 sg. ἀποδῷς, 3 sg. ἀποδῷ, ἀποδοῖ Hv 1, 3, 4, impv. ἀπόδος, ἀπόδοτε; 2 aor. mid. ἀπεδόμην, 3 sg. ἀπέδετο Hb 12:16 (-δοτο v.l.). Pass.: fut. ἀποδοθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἀπεδόθην, inf. ἀποδοθῆναι (the ms. tradition varies in the aor. subj. act., s. B-D-F §95, 2); pf. ptc. ἀποδεδομένος Num 8:16 (s. δίδωμι; Hom.+) gener. ‘give out’ something.① to give out, give, give up, yield, τὸ σῶμα Mt 27:58 (for the syntax cp. Diod S 14, 84, 2 τοὺς νεκροὺς ἀπέδωκαν). Of divine generosity τινί τι 1 Cl 23:1 (τὰς χάριτας). Of plants καρπόν yield fruit (POxy 53, 11 καρποὺς ἀ.; Lev 26:4) Rv 22:2; Hs 2:8; fig., Hb 12:11. στέφανον ἀ. award a crown 2 Ti 4:8.② to meet a contractual or other obligation, pay, pay out, fulfillⓐ of wages or produce τὸν μισθόν (X., An. 1, 2, 12; Dio Chrys. 13 [7], 12; SIG 127, 27; Sb 3924, 20 [19 A.D.]; Tob 2:12; Jer 22:13; Philo, Virt. 88) pay out wages Mt 20:8; 2 Cl 20:4; B 11:8. τὴν ἀντιμισθίαν τινὶ ἀ. 2 Cl 11:6; 15:2. Of proceeds, give Mt 21:41. μαρτύριον ἀ. (4 Macc 6:32) give testimony Ac 4:33.ⓑ of taxes, pay (Philo, Op. M. 85) Mt 22:21; Mk 12:17; Lk 20:25 (cp. Sextus 20).ⓒ of fulfilling various responsibilities ἀ. τῷ ὑψίστῳ τὰς εὐχάς pay vows to the Highest 1 Cl 52:3 (Ps 49:14; cp. Dt 23:22; Jos., Ant. 11, 9 τ. εὐχὰς ἀπεδίδοσαν τ. θεῷ; X., Mem. 2, 2, 10 τ. θεοῖς εὐχὰς ἀ.; Diod S 4, 48, 7; 4, 49, 2; 8 τὰς εὐχὰς ἀποδοῦναι τοῖς θεοῖς; 14, 13, 5 Ἄμμωνι; PGiss 27, 9f [II A.D.] ἵνα τ. θεοῖς τ. ὀφειλομένας σπονδὰς ἀποδῶ). τὴν ὀφειλήν τινι ἀ. fulfill one’s duty to someone 1 Cor 7:3; pl. Ro 13:7. τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν keep the promise=give that which we promised GJs 7:1; sim. of God B 5:7; Hv 1, 3, 4. τοὺς ὅρκους ἀ. keep oaths Mt 5:33 (cp. POxy 1026, 6). λόγον ἀ. give account (s. λόγος 2a) Mt 12:36; Lk 16:2; Ac 19:40; Ro 14:12 v.l.; Hb 13:17; 1 Pt 4:5; Hv 3, 9, 10; m 2:5.③ to restore to an original possessor, give back, returnⓐ of things τὶ (Philo, Spec. Leg. 4, 67; Jos., Vi. 335; Just., D. 105, 5 τὸ πνεῦμα) Hm 3:2; Hs 8, 6, 3. τινί τι (X., Hell. 2, 2, 9 et al.) Lk 9:42; Hs 2:7. τινί v 2, 1, 3. τῷ ὑπηρέτῃ Lk 4:20. Pay back a debt Mt 5:26; 18:25ff, 34; Lk 7:42; 12:59; D 1:5; repay an advance Lk 10:35; give back taxes unjustly collected 19:8 (cp. Num 5:7f). Mid. τὰς ῥάβδους Hs 8, 1, 5.ⓑ of persons τὴν παρθένον GJs 16:1; Salome prays ἀπόδος με τοῖς πένησιν return me to the poor 20:2 (not pap). ἵνα αὐτὸν ἐγείρας ἀποδῷ σοι so that (Peter) might raise him (your son) and return him to you AcPt Ox 849.④ to recompense, whether in a good or bad sense, render, reward, recompense, cp. ἀνταποδίδωμι, of God Mt 6:4, 6, 18. ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ Ro 2:6 (Ps 61:13; Pr 24:12; PsSol 2:16); cp. 2 Ti 4:14; Rv 22:12; 1 Cl 34:3. ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τ. πρᾶξιν αὐτοῦ Mt 16:27 (Sir 35:22). τινί τι 1 Cl 18:12 (Ps 50:14; Just. D. 121, 3). κακὸν ἀντὶ κακοῦ (cp. Pr 17:13; ApcSed 7:7) evil with evil Ro 12:17 (cp. 1QS 10:17); 1 Th 5:15; 1 Pt 3:9; Pol 2:2. ἀμοιβὰς ἀ. (Dionys. Hal. 6, 73; POxy 705, 61 ἀποδιδοὺς ἀμοιβήν; Ps 27:4 Aq.; Just. A I, 43, 2) make a return 1 Ti 5:4. Abs. ἀπόδοτε αὐτῇ ὡς καὶ αὐτὴ ἀπέδωκεν render to her as she herself has rendered to others Rv 18:6 (cp. Ps 136:8).—IBroer, Das Ius Talionis im NT: NTS 40, ’94, 1–21.⑤ mid. to make an exchangeⓐ sell, trade (Hdt. 1, 70 et al.; ins, pap) τὸν Ἰωσήφ Ac 7:9 (Gen 37:28; 45:4; Philo, De Jos. 15; 238). τί τινος someth. for someth. (Pla., Phd. 98b; X., Hell. 2, 3, 48) τοσούτου τὸ χωρίον sell the piece of ground for so much Ac 5:8 (ἀ. τὸ χ. as Jos., Ant. 3, 283). τὶ ἀντί τινος (as TestIss 2:2) trade Hb 12:16.ⓑ τὸν ἴδιον υἱὸν λύτρον (God’s) own son as a ransom Dg 9:2.—EDNT. M-M. TW. -
2 κόπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `strike, smite, hew, hammer, disable, tire out'Other forms: Aor. κόψαι (Il.), pass. κοπῆναι (Att.), perf. κέκοφα (Att.), ep. ptc. κεκοπώς (Ν 60 with v. l. - φώς and - πών; Aeol.? Schwyzer 772; after Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 397 rather themat. aor.), midd. κέκομμαι (A.), fut. κόψω (Alc., Hippon.),Derivatives: (Classif. not always clear): 1. κόπος prop. *`stroke' (so in E. Tr. 794 for trad. κτύπος?; cf. also A. Ch. 23), `pain, trouble, labour' (IA.); with κοπώδης `tiring' (Hp., Arist., hell.), κοπηρός `id.' (Hdn.); κοπόομαι, - όω `get tired, tire' (J., Plu. usw.) with κόπωσις (LXX), κοπάζω `get tired, leave off' (Ion. hell.) with κόπασμα (Tz.), κοπιάω ( ἐγ-, συγ-, προ-) `get tired' (IA.) with κοπιαρός `tiring' (Arist., Thphr.), κοπιάτης `land-labourer, digger' (Cod. Theod., Just.), κοπιώδης = κοπώδης (Hp., Arist.), κοπίαι ἡσυχίαι H. - 2. ( ἀπο-, ἐκ-, παρα-, προ- etc.) κοπή `hewing etc.' (IA.) with κόπαιον (Alciphr.), κοπάδιον (Gloss.) `piece', κοπάριον `sort of probe' (medic.), ( ἐγ-, ἐκ-)κοπεύς `oilstamper, chisel ' (hell.; Boßhardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 73). - 3. κόμμα ( διά-, ἀπό-, περί-) `cut in, stamp, part' (IA.) with κομμάτιον `small part' (Eup.), κομματίας `who speaks in short sentences' (Philostr.), - ατικός `consisting of short sentences' (Luc.); 4. κομμός `beat the breast, dirge' (A., Arist.). - 5. κόπις, - ιδος m. `prater' (Heraklit. 81 [?], E. Hec. 132 [lyr.], Lyc.), cf. ὠτοκοπεῖ κεφαλαλγει, ἐνοχλεῖ λαλῶν H., κόπτειν την ἀκρόασιν, δημο-κόπος = δημηγόρος (H.) etc. (Persson Beitr. 1, 162f.; s. also Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 48, v. Wilamowitz Herm. 62, 277f.; diff. on κόπις Pisani Acme 1, 324); here (or to κόπος?) κοπίζειν ψεύδεσθαι H.; 6. κοπίς, - ίδος f. `slaughtering knife, curved sabre' (Att.), also name of the meal on the first dayof the Hyacinthies in Sparta (Com.; cf. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 531) with κοπίζω `celebrate the K.' (Ath.); 7. κοπάς, - άδος f. `pruned, lopped' (Thphr.), `bush' (hell. pap.), ἐπι-κοπ-άς `land cleared of wood' (pap.). - 8. κοπετός = κομμός (Eup., LXX, Act. Ap.; from κόπος?; cf. Schwyzer 501 and Chantraine Formation 300). - 9. πρό-, ἀπό-, πρόσ-κοψις etc. from προ-κόπτειν etc. (Sapph., Hp., Arist.). - 10. κόπανον `slaughtering knife, axe' (A. Ch. 890), `pestle' (Eust.), from where κοπανίζω `pound' (LXX, Alex. Trall.) with κοπανισμός, κοπανιστήριον H.; ἐπικόπανον `chopping block' (hell.). - 11. κοπτός `pounded' (Cratin., Antiph.; cf. Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 18); κοπτή ( σησαμίς) `cake from pounded sesame' (hell. ep.), `Meerzwiebel, θαλάσσιον πράσον' (Ath.; which Fur. 318 A 5 considers as Pre-Greek), `pastille' (Dsc.); 12. ἐπι-, περι-κόπτης `satirist' resp. `stonecutter' (Timo resp. pap.), Προκόπτας = Προκρούστης (B. 18, 28); 13. ( ἀπο-, παρα-, προσ- usw.) κοπτικός (medic.) - 14. κόπτρα pl. `wages of a hewer' (Pap.); 15. κοπτήριον `threshing place' (hell. pap.). - 16. Two plant-names: κοπίσκος = λίβανος σμιλιωτός (Dsc. 1, 68, 1), κόπηθρον φυτὸν λαχανῶδες ἄγριον H. - Further verbal nouns like ἀπό-, ἐπί-, παρά-, ὑπέρ-κοπος etc. and compounds like δημο-κόπος (cf. 5. above); s. Sturtevant ClassPhil. 3, 435ff.; on - κόπος, - κοπῶ in NGr. Hatzidakis Glotta 2, 292f.Etymology: The present κόπτω can agree with Lith. kapiù (inf. kàpti) `hew, fell'; nasal present kampù (pret. kapaũ, inf. kàpti) `be cut down, get tired' (cf. κόπος `labour') and uncharacterized Alb. kep `hew', IE. * kopō (not * kapō); (acc. to Mann Lang. 26, 386 from *kopi̯ō, identical with κόπτω?). Further the secondary formation Lith. kapóju, -óti `hew, split, cut down' = Latv. kapãju, -ât `id.', also in Slav., e. g. Russ. kopájo, -átь `hew, dig'. The relation of these forms to the many words with initial sk-, e. g. σκάπτω, σκέπαρνος (s. vv.), is an unsolved question; cf. Pok. 930ff., and W.-Hofmann s. cāpō. - If to σκάπτω etc. the word might be Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,915-916Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόπτω
См. также в других словарях:
wages — Compensation for manual labor, skilled or unskilled, paid at stated times, and measured by the day, week, month, or season. Sums paid as hire or reward to domestic or menial servants, artisans, mechanics, laborers, and other employees of like… … Ballentine's law dictionary
piece rate — noun : the price per unit of production paid to a pieceworker * * * compensation based on a worker s quantitative output or production, usually an agreed sum per article of work turned out. [1890 95] * * * piece rate noun A fixed rate paid… … Useful english dictionary
Efficiency wages — In labor economics, the efficiency wage hypothesis argues that wages, at least in some markets, are determined by more than simply supply and demand. Specifically, it points to the incentive for managers to pay their employees more than the… … Wikipedia
Board wages — Board Board (b[=o]rd), n. [OE. bord, AS. bord board, shipboard; akin to bred plank, Icel. bor[eth] board, side of a ship, Goth. f[=o]tu baurd footstool, D. bord board, G. brett, bort. See def. 8. [root]92.] 1. A piece of timber sawed thin, and of … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Capital, Volume I — is the first of three volumes in Karl Marx s monumental work, Das Kapital, and the only volume to be published during his lifetime. Originally published in 1867, Marx s aim in Capital, Volume I is to uncover and explain the laws specific to the… … Wikipedia
Labour power — (in German: Arbeitskraft , or labour force) is a crucial concept used by Karl Marx in his critique of capitalist political economy. He regarded labour power as the most important of the productive forces. Under capitalism, according to Marx, the… … Wikipedia
State capitalism — State capitalism, in its classic meaning, is a private capitalist economy under state control. This term was often used to describe the controlled economies of the great powers in the First World War. [cite encyclopedia encyclopedia = Blackwell… … Wikipedia
United Kingdom — a kingdom in NW Europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland 1801 1922. 58,610,182; 94,242 sq. mi. (244,100 sq. km). Cap.: London. Abbr.: U.K. Official name, United Kingdom of Great… … Universalium
Principal-agent problem — In political science and economics, the principal agent problem or agency dilemma treats the difficulties that arise under conditions of incomplete and asymmetric information when a principal hires an agent. Various mechanisms may be used to try… … Wikipedia
Circumstances prior to the Malayan Emergency — In 1948, the Communists and the British colonial government in Malaya entered a period of guerrilla fighting which has become known to history as the Malayan Emergency. The name derives from the state of emergency declared by the colonial… … Wikipedia
United States — a republic in the N Western Hemisphere comprising 48 conterminous states, the District of Columbia, and Alaska in North America, and Hawaii in the N Pacific. 267,954,767; conterminous United States, 3,022,387 sq. mi. (7,827,982 sq. km); with… … Universalium