per-cōnor

per-cōnor, ārī, eine Unternehmung ausführen, Sen. ep. 95, 46.

trādūco (TRANSDVCO, Inscr. Orell. 750; Cic. Sest. 42, 91; Sall. J. 11, 4; Liv. 10, 37, 1; and so always in Cæs.; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, 734), xi, ctum, 3 ( imv. traduce, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 22; id. Ad. 5, 7, 12; perf. sync. traduxti, Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 16; inf. parag. transducier, id. Most. 1, 1, 16; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 46), v. a. [trans-duco], to lead, bring, or conduct across; to lead, bring, or carry over any thing (syn. traicio).

Lit.

In gen.:

jamne hanc traduxti huc ad nos vicinam tuam?

Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 16:

ut traduxisti huc ad nos uxorem tuam!

id. ib. 3, 4, 7:

traduce et matrem et familiam omnem ad nos,

Ter. Ad. 5, 7, 12:

exercitum ex Galliā in Ligures,

Liv. 40, 25, 9:

suas copias per angustias et fines Sequanorum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11; 1, 19:

copias praeter castra,

id. ib. 1, 48:

cohortes ad se in castra,

id. B. C. 1, 21:

impedimenta ad se,

id. ib. 1, 42:

regem Antiochum in Europam,

Liv. 36, 3, 12:

aquaeductum per domum suam,

Dig. 6, 2, 11:

tua pompa Eo traducenda est,

to be carried over to him, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 18 Ruhnk.:

victimas in triumpho,

parade, Liv. 45, 39, 12:

carpentum, quo in pompā traduceretur,

was borne along, Suet. Calig. 15.—With trans (rare, and only when the place to which is also expressed):

hominum multitudinem trans Rhenum in Galliam transducere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 35 Kraner ad loc.—With abl. (very rare):

legiones Peninis Cottianisque Alpibus traducere,

Tac. H. 4, 68.—With double acc.:

traductus exercitus silvam Ciminiam,

Liv. 9, 39, 1; cf. in the foll. B.—

In partic.

To lead or convey across, to transport over a stream or bridge:

flumen subito accrevit, ut eā re traduci non potuerunt,

Cic. Inv. 2, 31, 97:

pontem in Arari faciundum curat. atque ita exercitum transducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13. — Freq. with a double acc.: cum Isaram flumen exercitum traduxissem, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10. 21, 2:

ubi Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12: flumen Axonam exercitum transducere, id. ib. 2, 5:

quos Caesar transduxerat Rhenum,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 13; 7, 11:

copias flumen,

Liv. 21, 23, 3; 22, 45, 5:

Volturnum flumen exercitum,

id. 23, 36, 9; 26, 8, 9:

novum exercitum traducite Iberum,

id. 26, 41, 23.—Hence, pass.:

raptim traducto exercitu Iberum,

Liv. 24, 41, 1; 9, 39, 1:

legio flumen transducta,

Sall. H. 2, 57 Dietsch:

ne major multitudo Germanorum Rhenum transducatur,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31; id. B. C. 3, 76. — With abl. (very rare):

nisi flumine Ligeri copias traduxisset,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 27:

Belgas Rhenum antiquitus esse transductos,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4. —

Publicists' t. t.: traducere equum, to lead his horse along, said of a knight who passed muster at the inspection by the censor (cf. transveho):

qui (P. Africanus) cum esset censor et in equitum censu C. Licinius Sacerdos prodisset... cum contra nemo diceret, jussit equum traducere,

Cic. Clu. 48, 134; cf. Val. Max. 4, 1, 10.—

To lead along, parade in public by way of disgrace:

delatores flagellis caesi ac traducti per amphitheatri harenam,

Suet. Tit. 8 fin.; cf. infra, II. B. 2.

Trop.

In gen., to lead, bring, or carry over, to transfer, remove:

aut alio possis animi traducere motus,

Lucr. 4, 1068:

animos judicum a severitate paulisper ad hilaritatem risumque traducere,

Cic. Brut. 93, 322:

animum hominis ab omni aliā cogitatione ad tuam dignitatem tuendam,

id. Fam. 1, 2, 3:

animos a contrariā defensione abducere et ad nostram conor traducere,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 293:

ad amicitiam consuetudinemque,

id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22:

post partum cura in vitulos traducitur omnis,

Verg. G. 3, 157:

tum omnem orationem traduxi et converti in increpandam Caepionis fugam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 199:

hanc rationem naturae difficile est traducere ad id genus divinationis,

to apply, id. Div. 1, 57, 130:

nomen eorum ad errorem fabulae,

id. Tusc. 5, 3, 8 et saep.:

centuriones ex inferioribus ordinibus in superiores ordines erant transducti,

transferred, Caes. B. G. 6, 40:

is ad plebem P. Clodium traducit,

Cic. Att. 1, 18, 4; cf.:

P. Clodium a patribus ad plebem,

Suet. Caes. 20: academicen suntaxin, Cic. Att. 13, 16:

gens in patricias transducta,

Suet. Aug. 2:

augur destinatus ad pontificatum traductus est,

id. Calig. 12:

medicus aegrum in meliorem consuetudinem, etc.,

Varr. L. L. 9, § 11 Müll.:

ut (oratio) eos qui audient ad majorem admirationem possit traducere,

Cic. Or. 57, 192:

mali punientur et traducentur in melius,

Sen. Ira, 2, 13, 4. — Poet., with dat.:

me mea paupertas vitae traducat inerti,

Tib. 1, 1, 5 (where Müll. reads vita).—

In partic.

To bring over, draw over one to some side or opinion:

hominem traducere ad optimates paro,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 4:

si istud obtinueris, traducas me ad te totum licebit,

id. Fin. 4. 1, 2:

transductis ad se jam pluribus,

Suet. Caes. 14:

traduxit me ad suam sententiam,

Cic. Clu. 52, 144.—

To lead along, exhibit as a spectacle, i. e. to make a show of, to expose to public ridicule, to dishonor, disgrace, degrade (not ante-Aug.):

an non sensistis... vestras conjuges, vestros liberos traductos per ora hominum?

Liv. 2, 38, 3; Just. 36. 1, 5; cf. Petr. 87:

rideris multoque magis traduceris, etc.,

Mart. 6, 77, 5:

libidinem,

Sen. Ep. 100, 10; id. Ben. 2, 17, 5; 4, 32, 3; Mart. 3, 74, 5; Juv. 8, 17:

quae tua traducit manifesto carmina furto,

convicts of, proves guilty of, Mart. 1, 53, 3.—

In a good sense, to set forth publicly, make public, exhibit, display, proclaim, spread abroad:

poëmata,

Petr. 41:

tot annorum secreta,

id. 17: se, to show one ' s self in public:

lorica, in quā se traducebat Ulixem ancipitem,

Juv. 11, 31. —

Of time, to lead, spend, pass (class.;

syn.: ago, transigo): otiosam aetatem et quietam sine ullo labore et contentione traducere,

Cic. Sen. 23, 82; cf.:

hoc quod datum est vitae tranquille placideque traducere,

id. Tusc. 3, 11, 25: quantumcumque superest temporis, Aug. ap. Gell. 15, 7, 3:

adulescentiam eleganter,

Cic. Planc. 12, 31:

hoc tempus quā ratione,

id. Fam. 4, 6, 3:

quibus artibus latebrisque, vitam per novem annos, Tac H. 4, 67: leniter aevum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 97: tempora Cynicā cenā, Petr. poët. 14: consul traducere noctem exsomnis. Sil. 9, 4 et saep.—Hence, transf., of the administration of an office:

munus summā modestiā et summā abstinentiă,

Cic. Att. 5, 9, 1. —

In later gram. lang. [p. 1885]

To transfer a word from one subject or from one language to another (for the class. verto, converto, reddo, transfero, etc.): videtur Graecos secutus, qui ephodion a sumptu viae ad aliarum quoque rerum apparatus traducunt, Gell. 17, 2, 1:

vocabulum Graecum in linguam Romanam,

id. 1, 18, 1.—

To derive:

jactare multo fusius largiusque est quam jacere, unde id verbum traductum est,

Gell. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. 17, 2, 14.

mōlĭor, ītus, 4 ( inf. molirier for moliri, Lucr. 5, 934), v. dep. n. and a. [moles].

To set one's self or one's powers in motion, to make exertions, exert one's self, to endeavor, struggle, strive, toil, etc. (rare but class.;

syn.: conor, nitor): viden ut misere moliuntur?

Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 32:

agam per me ipse et moliar,

Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 2:

nōsti mores mulierum: Dum moliuntur, dum comuntur, annus est,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 11:

horam amplius jam in demoliendo signo permulti homines moliebantur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43, § 95.—

To set one's self in motion, endeavor to depart, to depart:

molientem hinc Hannibalem,

Liv. 28, 44:

dum naves moliuntur a terra,

id. 37, 11:

in quam (insulam) gladiatores navibus molientes,

Tac. H. 2, 35.—

To labor upon any thing, exert one's self at or upon, set in motion, work an instrument or engine; to work any thing (cf. ago; class.).

Nihil enim agit (vita deorum),... nulla opera molitur, Cic. N. D. 1, 19, 51:

res dura et regni novitas me talia cogant moliri,

Verg. A. 1, 564: validam in vites molire bipennem, to work, i. e. wield, id. G. 4, 331: ancoras, to work, i. e. hoist the anchor, weigh anchor, Liv. 28, 17:

agricola incurvo terram molitus aratro,

i. e. to work, cultivate, till the ground, Verg. G. 1, 494; Col. 1 praef. 17;

11, 2, 19: erro molirier arva,

Lucr. 5, 932: fores, to work, i. e. to force, to break open, Tac. A. 1, 39; 2, 82; Liv. 23, 18, 2; 24, 46, 5:

Atharrias ad Philotam missus clausum aditum domus moliebatur,

Curt. 6, 8, 20:

habenas,

to guide, Verg. A. 12, 327:

fulmina molitur dextrā,

hurls, id. G. 1, 329:

ignem,

id. A. 10, 131:

opera,

to begin work, Col. 11, 2, 2:

aliquid sub divo moliri potest,

id. 1, 8, 9.—

To set in motion, bestir, rouse, cause to remove, displace (syn.:

deicio, deturbo): montes suā sede,

displaces, Liv. 9, 3:

corpora ex somno moliebantur,

aroused, id. 36, 24, 3:

onera objecta,

id. 25, 36.—

To build, make, erect, construct (syn.:

condo, fundo, construo): muros,

to build, Verg. A. 3, 132:

classem,

id. ib. 3, 6:

arcem,

id. ib. 1, 424:

atrium,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 46:

aedem,

Flor. 1, 7:

locum,

prepares, Verg. A. 7, 158:

pocula de inimicorum capitibus hominum,

to construct, make, Sol. 15.—

Trop., to endeavor to do; to undertake, attempt, set about any thing (cf.:

aggredior, apparo): nec ea, quae agunt, molientes cum labore operoso,

performing, doing, Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

viam clipei molita per oras,

made its way, Verg. A. 10, 477:

inde datum molitur iter,

id. ib. 6, 477:

jamque alio moliris iter,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 61:

viam et gressus,

Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 278; 3, 438: animum, to form or acquire for one's self, Ov. A. A. 2, 119:

laborem,

to undertake, Verg. A. 4, 233:

struere et moliri aliquid calamitatis alicui,

to try to bring upon, Cic. Clu. 64, 178:

fortissimis atque optimis civibus periculum moliri,

id. Sest. 1, 1:

pestem patriae nefarie,

id. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

perniciem rei publicae,

id. ib. 1, 2, 5: insidias avibus, to lay snares, Verg. G. 1, 271:

crimina et accusatorem,

to bring about, find out, Tac. A. 12, 22:

triumphos,

Ov. M. 14, 719:

fugam,

Verg. A. 2, 109:

moram,

to cause, make, occasion, id. ib. 1, 414:

opem extremam alicui,

Val. Fl. 6, 431:

dolos apertos,

to devise, id. 5, 249:

bellum in animo,

to design, meditate, Vell. 2, 46:

Athenienses urbem ex integro condere moliuntur,

Just. 2, 15, 1:

mundum efficere moliens deus,

attempting, Cic. Univ. 4:

fallere,

Val. Fl. 3, 491:

de occupando regno moliens,

striving to usurp the government, Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 60:

nuptias,

to bring about, Tac. A. 12, 3:

apud judices oratione molienda sunt amor, odium, etc.,

are to be excited, called forth, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 206:

tumorem,

Col. 6, 17:

vorandi facultatem,

Cels. 1, 3:

fidem moliri coepit,

began to meddle with, disturb, Liv. 6, 11, 8.

audĕo, ausus, 2, v. a. and n. ( perf. ausi = ausus sum, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 868 P.; hence freq. in the poets, and prose writers modelled after them, subj. sync. ausim, Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 21; Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 45; 5, 2, 65; Lucr. 2, 178; 5, 196; Verg. E. 3, 32; id. G. 2, 289; Tib. 4, 1, 193; Prop. 2, 5, 24; 3, 12, 21; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 1; Stat. Th. 1, 18; 3, 165; id. Achill. 2, 266; Liv. praef. 1; Plin. Ep. 4, 4 fin.; Tac. Agr. 43: ausis, Att. ap. Non. p. 4, 62; Lucr. 2, 982; 4, 508; 5, 730; 6, 412; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 27 Müll.:

ausit,

Cat. 61, 65; 61, 70; 61, 75; 66, 28; Ov. M. 6, 466; Stat. Th. 12, 101; id. Achill. 1, 544; Liv. 5, 3 fin.:

* ausint,

Stat. Th. 11, 126; cf. Prisc l. l.; Struve, p. 175 sq.; Ramsh. Gr. p. 140; Neue, Formenl. II. pp. 333 sq., 542, 547 sq. al.) [acc. to Pott, for avideo from avidus, pr. to be eager about something, to have spirit or courage for it; v. 1. aveo], to venture, to venture to do, to dare; to be bold, courageous (with the idea of courage, boldness; while conari designates a mere attempt, an undertaking; syn.: conor, molior); constr. with acc., inf., quin, in with acc. or abl., and absol.

With acc. (mostly in poets and histt., esp. in Tac.):

Quā audaciā tantum facinus audet?

Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 37; so,

ut pessimum facinus auderent,

Tac. H. 1, 28; 2, 85; Suet. Calig. 49: quid domini faciant, audent cum talia furesl Verg. E. 3, 16:

ausum talia deposcunt,

Ov. M. 1, 199; 13, 244:

capitalem fraudem ausi,

Liv. 23, 14; 3, 2; 26, 40; Vell. 2, 24, 5:

erant qui id flagitium formidine auderent,

Tac. A. 1, 69:

ausuros nocturnam castrorum oppugnationem,

id. ib. 2, 12; 4, 49; 11, 9; 12, 28; 14, 25; id. H. 1, 48; 2, 25; 2, 69;

4, 15 al.: ad audendum aliquid concitāsset, nisi etc.,

Suet. Caes. 8; 19; id. Tib. 37; id. Tit. 8; Just. 5, 9 al.; hence also pass.:

multa dolo, pleraque per vim audebantur,

Liv. 39, 8 fin.:

auderi adversus aliquem dimicare,

Nep. Milt. 4 fin.:

agenda res est audendaque,

Liv. 35, 35, 6; Vell. 2, 56 fin.:

patroni necem,

Suet. Dom. 14.—Also ausus, a, um, pass., Tac. A. 3, 67 fin. —

With inf. (the usual constr.;

freq. both in prose and poetry): etiam audes meā revorti gratiā?

Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 23:

Ecquid audes de tuo istuc addere?

do you undertake, venture upon? id. ib. 1, 2, 40:

commovere me miser non audeo,

I venture not to stir, id. Truc. 4, 3, 44:

Neque tibi quicquam dare ausim,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 65:

nil jam muttire audeo,

id. And. 3, 2, 25; 3, 5, 7; id. Heaut. 5, 1, 80; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 31:

hoc ex ipsis caeli rationibus ausim confirmare,

Lucr. 5, 196:

auderent credere gentes,

id. 2, 1036; 1, 68; by poet. license transf. to things: Vitigeni latices in aquaï fontibus audent Misceri, the juice from the vine ventures boldly to intermingle with the water, id. 6, 1072:

Mithridates tantum victus efficere potuit, quantum incolumis numquam est ausus optare,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

imperatorem deposcere,

id. ib. 5, 12: ut de Ligarii (facto) non audeam confiteril id. Lig. 3, 8: audeo dicere, I dare say, venture to assert, = tolmô legein, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84 et saep.:

qui pulsi loco cedere ausi erant,

Sall. C. 9, 4; 20, 3:

quem tu praeponere no bis Audes,

Cat. 81, 6:

refrenare licentiam,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 28:

vana contemnere,

Liv. 9, 17, 9:

mensuram prodere ausos,

Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3 al.:

non sunt ausi persequi recedentes,

Vulg. Gen. 35, 5; 44, 26; ib. Job, 29, 22; 37, 24; ib. Matt. 22, 46; ib. Act. 5, 13; ib. Rom. 5, 7 et persaepe.—

With quin:

ut non audeam, quin promam omnia,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 11.—

With in with acc. or abl. (eccl. Lat.): Rogo vos ne praesens audeam in quosdam (Gr. epi tinas), Vulg. 2 Cor. 10, 2: In quo quis audet, audeo et ego (Gr. en ô), ib. 2 Cor. 11, 21.—

Absol.:

(Romani) audendo... magni facti,

Sall. H. Fragm. 4 (n. 12 fin. Gerl.):

Nec nunc illi, quia audent, sed quia necesse est, pugnaturi sunt,

Liv. 21, 40, 7:

in ejus modi consiliis periculosius esse deprehendi quam audere,

Tac. Agr. 15 fin.:

duo itinera audendi (esse), seu mallet statim arma, seu etc.,

id. H. 4, 49:

auctor ego audendi,

Verg. A. 12, 159:

Nam spirat tragicum satis et feliciter audet,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166.—With an object to be supplied from the context:

hos vero novos magistros nihil intellegebam posse docere, nisi ut auderent (sc. dicere, orationes habere, etc.),

Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 94; Quint. 10, 1, 33 Frotsch.; 1, 5, 72: Judaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, rebus secundis longius ausuri (sc. progredi, to advance further), Tac. H. 5, 11: 2, 25, cf. Verg. A. 2, 347.— Hence, P. a.,

audens, entis, daring, bold, intrepid, courageous; mostly in a good sense ( poet. or in post-Aug prose):

tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

Verg. A. 6, 95:

audentes deus ipse juvat,

Ov. M. 10, 586; so id. A. A. 1, 608; id. F. 2, 782:

spes audentior,

Val. Fl. 4, 284:

nil gravius audenti quam ignavo patiendum esse,

Tac. A. 14, 58; id. H. 2, 2 audentissimi cujusque procursu. id. Agr. 33; id. Or. 14 al.— Adv.: audenter, boldly, fearlessly, rashly: liceat audenter dicere, — Vulg Act. 2, 29; Dig. 28, 2, 29 fin. — Comp.:

audentius jam onerat Sejanum,

Tac. A. 4, 68 progressus, id. ib. 13, 40:

circumsistere,

id. H. 2, 78:

inrupere,

id. ib. 1, 79:

agere fortius et audentius,

id. Or 18.— Sup prob not in use.—

ausus, a, um, ventured, attempted, undertaken, hence subst.: au-sum, i, n., a daring attempt, a venture, an undertaking, enterprise ( poet. or in postAug. prose; acc. to Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 351, perh. not before Verg.):

At tibi pro scelere, exclamat, pro talibus ausis,

Verg. A. 2, 535; 12, 351:

fortia ausa,

id. ib. 9, 281:

ingentibus annuat ausis,

Ov. M. 7, 178; 2, 328; 11, 12; 9, 621; 10, 460; 11, 242; id. H. 14, 49 al.; Stat. Th. 4, 368:

ausum improbum,

Plin. 2, 108, 112, § 147.

mĕtus, ūs, m. ( fem.: nulla in me est metus, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.: metus ulla, id. ap. Non. 214, 11; cf. Ann. v. 537, and Trag. v. 179 Vahl.; dat. metu, Tac. A. 11, 32; 15, 69), fear, dread, apprehension, anxiety; constr. with gen. object., with ne, with acc. and inf.

Lit.:

est metus futurae aegritudinis sollicita exspectatio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 52; cf. id. ib. 4, 30, 64:

metum excitari vel propriis vel communibus periculis,

Mart. Cap. 5, § 505:

in metu esse,

to be in fear, be fearful, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

est et in metu peregrinantium, ut, etc.,

they are also afraid, Plin. 31, 6, 37, § 71:

mihi etiam unum de malis in metu est, fratris miseri negotium,

a subject of fear, Cic. Att. 3, 9, 3:

metum habere,

to entertain fear, be afraid, id. Fam. 8, 10, 1:

metum concipere,

to become afraid, Ov. F. 1, 485:

capere,

Liv. 33, 27:

accipere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 96: metum facere alicui, to make afraid, put in fear, frighten, Ov. Tr. [p. 1142] 5, 10, 28:

metum inicere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19: incutere, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2:

inferre,

Liv. 26, 20:

affere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 135:

offerre,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 5:

obicere,

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 10:

intentare,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

metu territare,

to alarm greatly, fill with fear, Caes. B. G. 5, 6:

metum pati,

Quint. 6, 2, 21:

alicui adimere,

to take away, remove, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 100:

metu exonerare,

to relieve from fear, Liv. 2, 2:

removere metum,

to take away, remove, id. ib.:

levare alicui,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59:

alicui deicere,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 130:

solvere,

to remove, dismiss, Verg. A. 1, 463: civitati metum, formidinem oblivionem inicere, Ser. Samm. ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 7:

metu et impressione alicujus terroris mentiri,

Paul. Sent. 5, 1, 4:

metu mortis furem occidere, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 7, 3, 3: quis metus aut pudor est umquam properantis avari?

Juv. 14, 178:

reddere metu, non moribus,

id. 13, 204.— Poet. in plur., Hor. C. 1, 26, 1.—

With gen. object.:

vulnerum metus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59:

ne reliquos populares metus invaderet parendi sibi,

Sall. J. 35, 9:

id bellum excitabat metus Pompei victoris Hiempsalem in regnum restituentis,

Sall. H. 1, 39; v. Gell. 9, 2, 14; Non. p. 96: propter metum alicujus, for fear of:

Judaeorum,

Vulg. Johan. 7, 13; 19, 38.—

With ne:

quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit, ne, etc.,

Liv. 5, 7, 4:

ne lassescat fortuna, metus est,

Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 130.—

With acc. and inf.:

quantus metus est mihi, venire huc salvum nunc patruum!

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 18.—

With ab:

metus a praetore Romano,

Liv. 2, 24, 3; 23, 15, 7; 25, 33, 5; cf.:

metus poenae a Romanis,

id. 32, 23, 9; 45, 26, 7.—

With pro:

metus pro universā republicā,

Liv. 2, 24, 4.—

With ex:

metus ex imperatore,

Tac. A. 11, 20.—

Poet., religious awe, holy dread:

laurus Sacra comam multosque metu servata per annos,

Verg. A. 7, 60.— Poetic awe:

evoe! recenti mens trepidat metu,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 5.—

Transf.

Conor., a cause of fear, a terror ( poet.):

metus Libyci,

i. e. the head of Medusa, Stat. Th. 12, 606:

nulli nocte metus,

alarms, Juv. 3, 198.—

Personified: Mĕtus, the god of fear or terror, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Verg. G. 3, 552; id. A. 6, 276.

mĕtus, ūs, m. ( fem.: nulla in me est metus, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.: metus ulla, id. ap. Non. 214, 11; cf. Ann. v. 537, and Trag. v. 179 Vahl.; dat. metu, Tac. A. 11, 32; 15, 69), fear, dread, apprehension, anxiety; constr. with gen. object., with ne, with acc. and inf.

Lit.:

est metus futurae aegritudinis sollicita exspectatio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 52; cf. id. ib. 4, 30, 64:

metum excitari vel propriis vel communibus periculis,

Mart. Cap. 5, § 505:

in metu esse,

to be in fear, be fearful, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

est et in metu peregrinantium, ut, etc.,

they are also afraid, Plin. 31, 6, 37, § 71:

mihi etiam unum de malis in metu est, fratris miseri negotium,

a subject of fear, Cic. Att. 3, 9, 3:

metum habere,

to entertain fear, be afraid, id. Fam. 8, 10, 1:

metum concipere,

to become afraid, Ov. F. 1, 485:

capere,

Liv. 33, 27:

accipere,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 96: metum facere alicui, to make afraid, put in fear, frighten, Ov. Tr. [p. 1142] 5, 10, 28:

metum inicere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19: incutere, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 2:

inferre,

Liv. 26, 20:

affere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 135:

offerre,

id. Fam. 15, 1, 5:

obicere,

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 10:

intentare,

Tac. A. 15, 54:

metu territare,

to alarm greatly, fill with fear, Caes. B. G. 5, 6:

metum pati,

Quint. 6, 2, 21:

alicui adimere,

to take away, remove, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 100:

metu exonerare,

to relieve from fear, Liv. 2, 2:

removere metum,

to take away, remove, id. ib.:

levare alicui,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59:

alicui deicere,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 130:

solvere,

to remove, dismiss, Verg. A. 1, 463: civitati metum, formidinem oblivionem inicere, Ser. Samm. ap. Macr. S. 3, 9, 7:

metu et impressione alicujus terroris mentiri,

Paul. Sent. 5, 1, 4:

metu mortis furem occidere, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 7, 3, 3: quis metus aut pudor est umquam properantis avari?

Juv. 14, 178:

reddere metu, non moribus,

id. 13, 204.— Poet. in plur., Hor. C. 1, 26, 1.—

With gen. object.:

vulnerum metus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 59:

ne reliquos populares metus invaderet parendi sibi,

Sall. J. 35, 9:

id bellum excitabat metus Pompei victoris Hiempsalem in regnum restituentis,

Sall. H. 1, 39; v. Gell. 9, 2, 14; Non. p. 96: propter metum alicujus, for fear of:

Judaeorum,

Vulg. Johan. 7, 13; 19, 38.—

With ne:

quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit, ne, etc.,

Liv. 5, 7, 4:

ne lassescat fortuna, metus est,

Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 130.—

With acc. and inf.:

quantus metus est mihi, venire huc salvum nunc patruum!

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 18.—

With ab:

metus a praetore Romano,

Liv. 2, 24, 3; 23, 15, 7; 25, 33, 5; cf.:

metus poenae a Romanis,

id. 32, 23, 9; 45, 26, 7.—

With pro:

metus pro universā republicā,

Liv. 2, 24, 4.—

With ex:

metus ex imperatore,

Tac. A. 11, 20.—

Poet., religious awe, holy dread:

laurus Sacra comam multosque metu servata per annos,

Verg. A. 7, 60.— Poetic awe:

evoe! recenti mens trepidat metu,

Hor. C. 2, 19, 5.—

Transf.

Conor., a cause of fear, a terror ( poet.):

metus Libyci,

i. e. the head of Medusa, Stat. Th. 12, 606:

nulli nocte metus,

alarms, Juv. 3, 198.—

Personified: Mĕtus, the god of fear or terror, Cic. N. D. 3, 17, 44; Verg. G. 3, 552; id. A. 6, 276.

rēs, rei (rēi with e long; gen., Lucr. 2, 112; 548; 6, 918; dat., id. 1, 688; 2, 236; rei, gen., monosyl. at the end of the verse, Lucr. 3, 918;

and in the middle of the verse,

id. 4, 885, and Poët. ap. Lact. 6, 6), f. [ etym. dub.; perh. root ra- of reor, ratus; cf. Germ. Ding; Engl. thing, from denken, to think; prop., that which is thought of; cf. also logos, Lid. and Scott, 9], a thing, object, being; a matter, affair, event, fact, circumstance, occurrence, deed, condition, case, etc.; and sometimes merely = something (cf.: causa, ratio, negotium).

In gen.:

unde initum primum capiat res quaeque movendi,

Lucr. 1, 383; cf. id. 1, 536:

in partes res quaeque minutas Distrahitur,

id. 2, 826: summe Sol, qui omnes res inspicis, Enn. ap. Prob. Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 321 Vahl.):

versus, quos ego de Rerum Naturā pangere conor,

Lucr. 1, 25; cf. id. 1, 126; 5, 54:

rerum natura creatrix,

id. 2, 1117:

divinarum humanarumque rerum, tum initiorum causarumque cujusque rei cognitio,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (v. divinus):

haeret haec res,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 182:

profecto, ut loquor, ita res est,

id. ib. 2, 1, 19:

haud mentior, resque uti facta dico,

id. ib. 2, 1, 23:

de Alcumenā ut rem teneatis rectius,

id. ib. prol. 110:

in tantis rebus (sc. in re publicā defendendā),

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4 et saep.:

quo Averna vocantur nomine, id ab re Impositum est, quia sunt avibus contraria cunctis,

from the nature of the thing, Lucr. 6, 740; cf. id. 6, 424; Liv. 1, 17:

si res postulabit,

the condition of the case, Cic. Lael. 13, 44: scaena rei totius haec, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3:

fugam in se nemo convertitur Nec recedit loco, quin statim rem gerat,

does his duty, stands his ground, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84; so, res gerere, v. gero; hence, too, rerum scriptor, for a historian, v. scriptor, and cf. II. H. infra.—

With adj. of quality, to express condition, etc.:

illic homo a me sibi malam rem arcessit,

is bringing a bad business on himself, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 171; so,

res mala,

a wretched condition, Sall. C. 20, 13; and more freq. in plur.:

bonis tuis rebus meas res irrides malas,

circumstances, condition, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45; id. Rud. 3, 3, 12:

res secundae,

good fortune, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30; cf. Liv. 3, 9:

res prosperae,

Nep. Dion, 6, 1; id. Eum. 5, 1:

in secundissimis rebus,

Cic. Off. 1, 26, 91:

adversae res,

id. ib. 1, 26, 90; Hor. S. 2, 2, 136; 2, 8, 73:

res belli adversae,

Liv. 10, 6:

res dubiae,

Sall. C. 10, 2; 39, 3; Liv. 2, 50; 7, 30;

v. bonus, florens, salvus, adversus, dubius, novus, arduus, etc.— Freq. in curses, etc.: in malam rem,

go to the bad, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 37; id. And. 2, 1, 17:

malam rem hinc ibis?

id. Eun. 3, 3, 30.—

With an adj. in a periphrasis:

abhorrens ab re uxoriā,

matrimony, Ter. And. 5, 1, 10:

in arbitrio rei uxoriae,

dowry, Cic. Off. 1, 15, 61:

rem divinam nisi compitalibus... ne faciat,

a religious act, act of worship, a sacrifice, Cato, R. R. 5, 4:

bellicam rem administrari majores nostri nisi auspicato noluerunt,

Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76; Hor. C. 4, 3, 6:

erat ei pecuaria res ampla et rustica,

Cic. Quint. 3, 12: res rustica, agriculture:

rei rusticae libro primo,

Col. 11, 1, 2; id. 1, praef. §

19: liber, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

Cic. Sen. 15, 54:

navalis rei certamina,

naval battles, Amm. 26, 3, 5:

res militaris,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2:

rei militaris gloria,

id. Mur. 9, 22; Nep. Milt. 8, 4:

res frumentaria,

forage, Caes. B. C. 3, 16; id. B. G. 1, 23; 4, 7:

armatae rei scientissimus,

Amm. 25, 4, 7:

peritus aquariae rei,

id. 28, 2, 2:

res judicaria,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 12, § 31:

res ludicra,

play, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180:

uti rebus veneriis,

Cic. Sen. 14, 47; Nep. Alc. 11, 4:

res Veneris,

Lucr. 2, 173; Ov. R. Am. 431; v. also familiaris, judiciaria, militaris, navalis, etc., and cf. II. G. infra. —

With pronouns or adjectives, as an emphatic periphrase for the neutr.:

ibi me inclamat Alcumena: jam ea res me horrore afficit,

this now, Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16; cf.: De. Estne hoc, ut dico? Li. Rectam instas viam:

Ea res est,

it is even so, id. As. 1, 1, 40:

de fratre confido ita esse ut semper volui. Multa signa sunt ejus rei,

of it, Cic. Att. 1, 10, 5: quos (melittônas) alii melittotropheia appellant, eandem rem quidam mellaria. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 12:

sunt ex te quae scitari volo, Quarum rerum, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 13; cf. Caes. B. G. 3, 4:

quibus de rebus quoniam nobis contigit ut aliquid essemus consecuti,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

quā super re interfectum esse Hippotem dixisti? Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 244: resciscet Amphitruo rem omnem,

every thing, all, Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 30:

nulla res tam delirantes homines concinat cito,

nothing, id. Am. 2, 2, 96; cf.:

neque est ulla res, in quā, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9; cf.

also: sumptu ne parcas ullā in re, quod ad valetudinem opus sit,

id. Fam. 16, 4, 2:

magna res principio statim bello,

a great thing, a great advantage, Liv. 31, 23 fin.:

nil admirari prope res est una Solaque, quae, etc.,

the only thing, only means, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 1 et saep. — Emphatically with sup.:

scilicet rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma,

the most beautiful thing in the world, Verg. G. 2, 534; Quint. 1, 12, 16 Spald. p. 81. —

Of persons, etc.: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:

maxime rerum,

Ov. H. 9, 107; cf.:

maxima rerum Roma,

Verg. A. 7, 602; Ov. M. 13, 508:

fortissima rerum animalia,

id. ib. 12, 502:

pulcherrime rerum,

id. H. 4, 125; id. A. A. 1, 213; id. M. 8, 49:

dulcissime rerum,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4.—

In adverb. phrases:

e re natā melius fieri haud potuit,

after what has happened, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8:

pro re natā,

according to circumstances, Cic. Att. 7, 8, 2; 14, 6, 1:

pro tempore et pro re,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

factis benignus pro re,

according to circumstances, Liv. 7, 33, 3; Sall. J. 50, 2:

pro re pauca loquar,

Verg. A. 4, 337; Lucr. 6, 1280:

ex re et ex tempore,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 3:

e re respondi,

Cat. 10, 8.

In partic.

Pregn., an actual thing, the thing itself, reality, truth, fact; opposed to appearance, mere talk, the mere name of a thing:

ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 10:

desiste dictis nunc jam miseram me consolari: Nisi quid re praesidium apparas, etc.,

id. Rud. 3, 3, 21: rem ipsam loqui. Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

rem fabulari,

Plaut. Trin 2, 4, 87:

nihil est aliud in re,

in fact, Liv. 10, 8, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:

se ipsa res aperit,

Nep. Paus. 3, 7:

ex re decerpere fructus,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 79;

opp. verbum, vox, opinio, spes, nomen, etc.: rem opinor spectari oportere, non verba,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; cf.: te rogo, ut rem potiorem oratione ducas, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5:

non modo res omnes, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

qui hos deos non re, sed opinione esse dicunt,

id. N. D. 3, 21, 53:

Peripateticos et Academicos nominibus differentes, re congruentes,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 15:

quod nos honestum, illi vanum... verbis quam re probabilius vocant,

Quint. 3, 8, 22; Sen. Ep. 120, 9:

eum, tametsi verbo non audeat, tamen re ipsā de maleficio suo confiteri,

id. Rosc. Am. 42, 123; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 15:

vides quantum distet argumentatio tua ab re ipsā atque a veritate,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44. — Hence, abl. sing., often strengthened by verā (sometimes as one word, reverā), in fact, really, in truth, indeed, in reality:

haec ille, si verbis non audet, re quidem verā palam loquitur,

Cic. Quint. 17, 56; so,

re quidem verā,

id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Sest. 7, 15:

re autem verā,

id. Fam. 1, 4, 2;

and simply re verā,

id. Quint. 2, 7; id. Div. 2, 54, 110; id. Balb. 3, 7:

re verāque,

Lucr. 2, 48; cf.:

et re verā,

indeed, in fact, Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1; Liv. 33, 11, 3; 35, 31, 12; 36, 6, 1; Nep. Ages. 2, 3; id. Phoc. 3, 3; Curt. 3, 13, 5; 4, 16, 19; Val. Max. 9, 13, ext. 1; Just. 5, 1, 8; 12, 13, 10; Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 1.—

Effects, substance, property, possessions:

mihi Chrysalus Perdidit filium, me atque rem omnem Meam,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 26; cf.: Ph. Habuitne rem? Ly. Habuit. Ph. Qui eam perdidit... Mercaturamne an venales habuit, ubi rem perdidit? id. Trin. 2, 2, 49 sq.:

quibus et re salvā et perditā profueram,

Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 27:

rem talentum decem,

id. Phorm. 2, 3, 46; Juv. 3, 16:

avidior ad rem,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51:

rem facere,

to make money, Cic. Att. 2, 2, 12:

res eos jampridem, fides deficere nuper coepit,

id. Cat. 2, 5, [p. 1576] 10:

qui duo patrimonia accepisset remque praeterea bonis et honestis rationibus auxisset,

id. Rab. Post. 14, 38:

libertino natum patre et in tenui re,

in narrow circumstances, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 20 et saep.; v. also familiaris.— In plur.: quantis opibus, quibus de rebus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 396 Vahl.):

privatae res,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 5.—

Hence, law t. t., whatever may be the subject of a right, whether corporeal or incorporeal (v. Sandars, Introd. to Just. Inst. p. 42 sqq.):

res corporales,

Just. Inst. 2, 2, 1 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 12; Dig. 1, 8, 1:

res in patrimonio, res extra patrimonium,

Just. Inst. 2, 1 pr.; Gai. Inst. 2, 1:

res sanctae,

Just. Inst. 2, 1, 10; v. also mancipium, privatus, etc.—

Benefit, profit, advantage, interest, weal:

res magis quaeritur, quam, etc.,

Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 6:

melius illi consulas quam rei tuae,

id. Cist. 1, 1, 98:

haec tuā re feceris,

to your advantage, id. Capt. 2, 2, 46.— Most freq. with the prepositions in, ex, ob, ab, etc.:

quasi istic minor mea res agatur quam tua,

is interested, affected, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 113 (v. ago):

si in rem tuam esse videatur,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:

vide si hoc in rem deputas,

id. ib. 3, 3, 19:

quod in rem recte conducat tuam,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 26:

si in remst utrique,

Ter. And. 3, 3, 14:

quid mihi melius est, quid magis in rem est, quam? etc.,

useful, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 1:

tamen in rem fore credens universos adpellare,

Sall. C. 20, 1:

omnia quae in rem videbantur esse,

Curt. 6, 2, 21:

ad conparanda ea quae in rem erant,

Liv. 30, 4, 6:

imperat quae in rem sunt,

id. 26, 44, 7; 22, 3, 2:

ex tuā re non est, ut ego emoriar,

for your advantage, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102: An. Non pudet Vanitatis? Do. Minime, dum ob rem, to the purpose, with advantage, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 41: ob rem facere, usefully, with advantage or profit, Sall. J. 31, 5: subdole blanditur, ab re Consulit blandiloquentulus, contrary to his interest, i. e. to his injury, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12 Brix ad loc.:

haud id est ab re aucupis,

id. As. 1, 3, 71:

haec haud ab re duxi referre,

Liv. 8, 11, 1:

non ab re esse Quinctio visum est interesse, etc.,

id. 35, 32, 6; Plin. 27, 8, 35, § 57; Suet. Aug. 94; Gell. 18, 4, 6; 1, 26, 4; Macr. S. 1, 4, 19.—

Cause, reason, ground, account; only in the connection eā (hac) re, and eam ob rem, adverb., therefore, on that account:

eā re tot res sunt, ubi bene deicias,

Cato, R. R. 158, 2:

hac re nequeunt ex omnibus omnia gigni, Quod, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 172; cf.:

illud eā re a se esse concessum, quod, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111:

patrem exoravi, tibi ne noceat, neu quid ob eam rem succenseat,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 39; cf.:

quoi rei?

for what purpose? id. As. 3, 2, 43; id. Poen. 2, 3, 3.—Hence (by uniting into one word) the causal adverbs quare and quamobrem, v. h. vv.—

An affair, matter of business, business:

cum et de societate inter se multa communicarent et de totā illā ratione atque re Gallicanā,

Cic. Quint. 4, 15:

rem cum aliquo transigere,

id. Clu. 13, 39. —

Hence, transf., in gen.: res alicui est cum aliquo,

to have to do with any one, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Sest. 16, 37; id. Fam. 9, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 7, 77; cf.:

famigeratori res sit cum damno et malo,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182 Brix ad loc.— Also without a dat.:

quoniam cum senatore res est,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 3;

esp., in mal. part.: rem habere cum aliquo or aliquā,

to have to do with any one, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 35; id. Merc. 3, 1, 37; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 39; 58. —Ellipt.:

jam biennium est, quom mecum rem coepit,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 15. —

A case in law, a lawsuit, cause, suit (more gen. than causa):

ubi res prolatae sunt,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 1, 10:

res agi,

id. Men. 4, 2, 19; id. Aul. 3, 4, 13:

quibus res erat in controversiā, ea vocabatur lis,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 93; cf.

(prob. in allusion to this legal form): tot homines... statuere non potuisse, utrum diem tertium an perendinum... rem an litem dici oporteret,

Cic. Mur. 12, 27; cf.

also: quarum rerum litium causarum condixit pater patratus, etc., an ancient formula,

Liv. 1, 32:

de rebus ab aliquo cognitis judicatisque dicere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118:

pecunias capere ob rem judicandam,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54:

si res certabitur olim,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 27; 1, 10, 15; 1, 9, 41; id. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

tractu temporis futurum, ut res pereat,

Dig. 3, 3, 12:

rem differre,

ib. 43, 30, 3: res judicata dicitur, quae finem controversiarum pronuntiatione judicis accipit, ib. 42, 1, 1 et saep.—

An affair, esp. a battle, campaign, military operations; in phrase rem (or res) gerere:

res gesta virtute,

Cic. Fin. 5, 23, 66:

ut res gesta est ordine narrare,

Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 3:

his rebus gestis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

res gerere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 33:

rem bene gerere,

id. ib. 1, 8, 1; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 13:

comminus rem gerunt,

Caes. B. G. 5, 44:

res gestae,

Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 7; 2, 1, 251:

adversus duos simul rem gerere,

Liv. 21, 60:

rem male gerere,

Nep. Them. 3, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 74:

in relatione rerum ab Scythis gestarum,

Just. 2, 1, 1; cf.:

rem agere,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 4; id. A. P. 82:

ante rem,

before the battle, Liv. 4, 40:

cum Thebanis sibi rem esse existimant,

Nep. Pel. 1, 3; Cic. Sest. 16, 37.—

Acts, events, as the subject of narration, a story, history:

res in unam sententiam scripta,

Auct. Her. 1, 12, 20:

cui lecta potenter erit res,

Hor. A. P. 40; id. S. 1, 10, 57; id. Ep. 1, 19, 29:

in medias res auditorem rapere,

id. A. P. 148; 310:

agitur res in scaenis,

id. ib. 179; cf.:

numeros animosque secutus, non res,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 25; Phaedr. 5, 1, 12:

sicut in rebus ejus (Neronis) exposuimus,

Plin. 2, 83, 85, § 199:

litterae, quibus non modo res omnis, sed etiam rumores cognoscamus,

Cic. Att. 5, 5, 1:

res populi Romani perscribere, Liv. praef. § 1: res Persicae,

history, Nep. Con. 5, 4; id. Cat. 3, 2.—

Res publica, also as one word, respublica, the common weal, a commonwealth, state, republic (cf. civitas); also, civil affairs, administration, or power, etc.: qui pro republicā, non pro suā obsonat, Cato ap. Ruf. 18, p. 210; cf.:

erat tuae virtutis, in minimis tuas res ponere, de re publicā vehementius laborare,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3:

dummodo ista privata sit calamitas et a rei publicae periculis sejungatur,

id. Cat. 1, 9; cf.:

si re publicā non possis frui, stultum est nolle privatā,

id. Fam. 4, 9, 4:

egestates tot egentissimorum hominum nec privatas posse res nec rem publicam sustinere,

id. Att. 9, 7, 5 (v. publicus); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 14, 3: auguratum est, rem Romanam publicam summam fore, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45:

quo utiliores rebus suis publicis essent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 155:

commutata ratio est rei totius publicae,

id. Att. 1, 8, 4: pro republicā niti, Cato ap. Charis. p. 196 fin.:

merere de republicā,

Plaut. Am. prol. 40:

de re publicā disputatio... dubitationem ad rem publicam adeundi tollere, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12:

oppugnare rem publicam,

id. Cael. 1, 1; id. Har. Resp. 8, 15; id. Sest. 23, 52:

paene victā re publicā,

id. Fam. 12, 13, 1:

delere rem publicam,

id. Sest. 15, 33; Lact. 6, 18, 28.—Esp. in the phrase e re publicā, for the good of the State, for the public benefit:

senatūs consultis bene et e re publicā factis,

Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 30:

ea si dicam non esse e re publicā dividi,

id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; id. Mil. 5, 14; Liv. 8, 4, 12; 25, 7, 4; 34, 34, 9; Suet. Rhet. 1 init. —Post-class. and rare, also ex republicā, Gell. 6, 3, 47; 11, 9, 1;

but exque is used for euphony (class.): id eum recte atque ordine exque re publicā fecisse,

Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36; 10, 11, 26.— In plur.:

eae nationes respublicas suas amiserunt, C. Gracch. ap. Fest. s. h. v. p. 286 Müll.: hoc loquor de tribus his generibus rerum publicarum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

circuitus in rebus publicis commutationum,

id. ib. 1, 29, 45 et saep.—

Sometimes simply res, the State (in the poets, and since the Aug. per. in prose): unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84 (Ann. v. 313 Vahl.):

hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam sistet,

Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

nec rem Romanam tam desidem umquam fuisse,

Liv. 21, 16; 1, 28:

parva ista non contemnendo majores nostri maximam hanc rem fecerunt,

id. 6, 41 fin.:

Romana,

Hor. C. S. 66; id. Ep. 1, 12, 25; Ov. M. 14, 809; Sall. C. 6, 3; cf.:

ut paulo ante animum inter Fidenatem Romanamque rem ancipitem gessisti,

Liv. 1, 28 fin.:

Albana,

id. 1, 6.— In plur.:

res Asiae evertere,

Verg. A. 3, 1:

custode rerum Caesare,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 17; cf.:

res sine discordiā translatae,

Tac. H. 1, 29; so (also in Cic.), rerum potiri, v. potior. —

Res novae, political changes, a revolution, etc.; v. novus.

rē-sto, stĭti, 1 ( perf. subj. restaverit, Prop. 2, 34, 53), v. n.

To stop behind, keep back, stand still (very rare and only poet., whereas resisto is class.).

Lit.: si resto, pergit, ut eam: si ire conor, prohibet betere, Pac. ap. Non. 77, 25. —

Trop.: impetus haut longe mediis regionibus restat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 285 Müll. (Ann. v. 475 Vahl.):

nullo dominae teritur molimine amator Restat et immerita sustinet aure minas,

stands firm, holds out, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 18. —

To withstand, resist, oppose (so less freq. than resisto, and not in Cic. or Cæs.).

Of military resistance, to stand firm, hold out, not yield; constr. usually absol.; rarely with dat. or adversum: Illyrii restant sicis sibinisque fodantes, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 336 Müll. (Ann. v. 496 Vahl.): validam urbem multos dies restantem pugnando vicit, Sall. ap. Non. 526, 12 (id. H. 1, 75 Dietsch):

quia summā vi restare (milites) nunciabantur,

Liv. 4, 58 Drak.:

solā virtute militum restantes caeduntur caeduntque,

id. 6, 30; 32; 8, 39; 23, 45; 26, 3; 29, 2;

34, 14: dum restat Hector,

Prop. 3, 8, 31:

nunc in restantes mucronem comminus urget,

Sil. 10, 25.— Impers. pass.:

ut quā minimā vi restatur, eā parte irrumpat,

Liv. 34, 15. — With dat.:

paucis plures vix restatis,

Liv. 23, 45 fin.:

restando adversis,

Sil. 10, 125.—With adversum:

paulum morae attulere ferrati restantibus laminis adversum pila et gladios,

Tac. A. 3, 46.—

Apart from milit. lang., in gen.:

nunc ratio nulla est restandi, nulla facultas, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 110:

is mihi, dum resto, juvenili guttura pugno Rupit,

Ov. M. 3, 626; 7, 411:

in quā re nunc tam confidenter restas, stulta?

oppose me, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 7; cf. Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 50. —Of things:

aera claustris restantia vociferantur,

Lucr. 2, 450:

restantia claustra,

Sil. 7, 130.—

To be left, remain (syn. remaneo; the predominant signif. of the word;

most freq. in the third person): hujus generis reliquias Restare video,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 91:

ego conviviis delector nec cum aequalibus solum qui pauci jam admodum restant, sed cum vestrā etiam aetate,

Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

ego vivendo vici mea fata, superstes Restarem ut genitor,

Verg. A. 11, 161:

de bonis quod restat reliquiarum,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 1, 7; cf. id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

unam sibi spem reliquam in Etruscis restare,

Liv. 10, 16; Cic. Scaur. Fragm. 45, p. 268 Orell.:

quae (studia) sola ei in malis restiterunt,

id. Sull. 26, 74:

omnes composui. Felices! Nunc ego resto,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 28; Pers. 3, 97:

de viginti Restabam solus,

Ov. M. 3, 687:

jam labor exiguus Phoebo restabat,

id. ib. 6, 486:

duae restant noctes de mense secundo,

id. F. 2, 857:

si e nobis aliquid nisi umbra restat,

id. Am. 3, 9, 60:

jam duo restabant fata tum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 35:

qui e divisione tripartitā duas partes absolverit, huic necesse est restare tertiam,

Cic. Off. 3, 2, 9:

infinitae caedi,

id. Cat. 3, 10: dona ferens pelago et flammis restantia Trojae, left, remaining from the sea, etc., Verg. A. 1, 679:

unum etiam restat amico nostro ad omne dedecus, ut, etc.,

id. Att. 8, 7:

hoc unum restabat, ut,

Ov. M. 2, 471; cf.:

illud etiam restiterat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 9, 33.— Impers.:

restat, ut aut summa neglegentia tibi obstiterit, aut, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 12, 41; so,

restat, ut,

id. N. D. 2, 16, 44; 17 init.; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 27 al.—With inf. (mostly poet.):

nec aliud restabat quam corrigere, etc.,

Liv. 44, 4, 8:

restabat aliud nihil, nisi oculos pascere,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 35; Ov. M. 1, 700; Stat. S. 4, 1, 40.—

In partic., with reference to the future, to remain for, await one (rare and mostly poet.):

quid restat, nisi porro ut fiam miser,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 20:

placet (vobis) socios sic tractari, quod restat, ut per haec tempora tractatos videtis?

i. e. hereafter, for the future, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 208:

nudus humi jacet infans... ut aequom est, cui tantum in vitā restet transire malorum,

Lucr. 5, 227; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 27:

hoc Latio restare canunt,

Verg. A. 7, 270; Ov. F. 2, 749.