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one's+nearest+rival

  • 1 ♦ near

    ♦ near (1) /nɪə(r)/
    A avv.
    1 vicino; dappresso: to draw near, avvicinarsi: Easter is drawing near, s'avvicina la Pasqua; Stay somewhere near, resta vicino (nei paraggi)!; far and near, vicino e lontano; da ogni parte; dappertutto
    2 ( di solito, nearly) quasi; circa: You are near right, hai quasi ragione; It lasted near a century, è durato circa un secolo
    3 (fam.) frugalmente; parsimoniosamente; in ristrettezze: It was a well-to-do family once, but they live very near now, era una famiglia benestante, ma ora vivono in gravi ristrettezze
    B prep.
    ( anche near to) vicino a; presso (a); nei pressi di; accanto a: Come and sit near me, vieni a sederti accanto a me!; My cottage is near the lake, la mia villetta è nei pressi del lago; The sun is near setting, il sole è vicino al tramonto; near to tears, sul punto di piangere; to come near to do (o near doing) st., mancare poco che: Our party came near winning the election, mancò poco che il nostro partito vincesse le elezioni
    ● near at hand, a portata di mano, sottomano; vicino ( anche nel tempo) □ near upon, quasi: It was near upon midnight, era quasi mezzanotte □ ( slang ingl.) as near as dammit, vicinissimo; a un pelo □ It's very near to Christmas, siamo sotto Natale □ The matter lies near his heart, la faccenda gli sta molto a cuore □ That's nowhere (o not anywhere) near enough, non basta davvero; è tutt'altro che sufficiente.
    ♦ near (2) /nɪə(r)/
    a.
    1 vicino (soprattutto come agg. pred.; cfr. nearby); prossimo; ( di parente) stretto; ( d'amico) vicino al cuore, intimo: The school is quite near, la scuola è vicinissima; Easter is near, la Pasqua è vicina; in the near future, nel prossimo futuro; on a near day, uno dei prossimi giorni; a near relation, un parente dei più vicini; un parente stretto; a near friend, un amico intimo
    2 (spec. ingl.: di un veicolo, di un cavallo, della strada) di sinistra; sinistro: the near horse, il cavallo di sinistra ( di una pariglia); the near side of the road, il lato sinistro della strada
    3 ( di strada, itinerario) diretto; breve: He took the near way, prese la via diretta; Can you tell me the nearest way to the airport?, sai dirmi qual è la strada più breve per l'aeroporto?
    4 (fig. fam.) di manica stretta (fig.); avaro; gretto; meschino; tirchio
    ● (econ.) near banking, attività parabancaria □ a near collision, una collisione evitata per poco □ (geogr.) the Near East, il Vicino Oriente; il Medio Oriente □ a near miss, un colpo (un proiettile, ecc.) per poco non andato a segno; ( per estens.) un incontro (un incidente, un progetto, un successo, ecc.) mancato per poco: That was a near miss, ho (hai, ecc.) mancato il colpo per poco; c'è mancato poco che facessi centro; ( anche) per poco non l'ho incontrato □ near miss, colpo (proiettile, ecc.) che manca il bersaglio di poco; incidente mancato per un pelo □ near escape = It was a near escape ► sotto □ (econ.) near money, quasi moneta □ (econ.) near monopoly, quasi monopolio □ a near resemblance, una somiglianza quasi perfetta □ near shave = It was a near escape ► sotto □ the near side, il lato più vicino, il lato in vista ( di un oggetto) □ the near term, il breve termine □ near thing = It was a near escape ► sotto □ a near translation, una traduzione letterale (o aderente al testo) □ (med.) near vision chart, carta ottometrica □ to give a near guess, indovinare o quasi; indovinare pressappoco □ in the near distance, in secondo piano ( d'un quadro, ecc.) □ ( sport) near winner, secondo arrivato □ It was a near escape (o a near thing, a near shave), ce l'abbiamo (ce l'avete, ecc.) fatta per un pelo; ce la siamo (ve la siete, ecc.) cavata per il rotto della cuffia: It was a near thing!, c'è mancato poco!; per un soffio!; per un pelo! □ Come nearer!, avvicinati! □ ( sport) one's nearest rival, l'avversario diretto □ (fam.) one's nearest and dearest, i parenti più prossimi; i familiari.
    near (3) /nɪə(r)/
    a. e avv. (nei composti:)
    1 quasi: a near-perfect description, una descrizione quasi perfetta
    2 strettamente; molto: two near-related terms, due termini strettamente connessi
    ● ( sport) a near-capacity crowd, uno stadio quasi pieno □ near-dead with fright, mezzo morto dalla paura □ in a state of near-war, in uno stato che rasenta la guerra □ a near-red colour, un colore che tira al rosso.
    (to) near /nɪə(r)/
    A v. t.
    avvicinarsi a; accostarsi a: The ship was nearing the dock, la nave si accostava alla banchina
    B v. i.
    avvicinarsi: The soccer season is nearing, s'avvicina l'inizio della stagione calcistica.

    English-Italian dictionary > ♦ near

  • 2 lead

    I
    1. li:d past tense, past participle - led; verb
    1) (to guide or direct or cause to go in a certain direction: Follow my car and I'll lead you to the motorway; She took the child by the hand and led him across the road; He was leading the horse into the stable; The sound of hammering led us to the garage; You led us to believe that we would be paid!) llevar, conducir
    2) (to go or carry to a particular place or along a particular course: A small path leads through the woods.) llevar
    3) ((with to) to cause or bring about a certain situation or state of affairs: The heavy rain led to serious floods.) ocasionar
    4) (to be first (in): An official car led the procession; He is still leading in the competition.) liderar
    5) (to live (a certain kind of life): She leads a pleasant existence on a Greek island.) llevar

    2. noun
    1) (the front place or position: He has taken over the lead in the race.) delantera
    2) (the state of being first: We have a lead over the rest of the world in this kind of research.) liderato
    3) (the act of leading: We all followed his lead.) liderazgo
    4) (the amount by which one is ahead of others: He has a lead of twenty metres (over the man in second place).) ventaja
    5) (a leather strap or chain for leading a dog etc: All dogs must be kept on a lead.) correa
    6) (a piece of information which will help to solve a mystery etc: The police have several leads concerning the identity of the thief.) pista
    7) (a leading part in a play etc: Who plays the lead in that film?) primer papel, papel principal, papel protagonista
    •
    - leadership
    - lead on
    - lead up the garden path
    - lead up to
    - lead the way
    II led noun
    1) ((also adjective) (of) an element, a soft, heavy, bluish-grey metal: lead pipes; Are these pipes made of lead or copper?) plomo
    2) (the part of a pencil that leaves a mark: The lead of my pencil has broken.) mina
    •
    lead1 n
    1. mina
    2. plomo
    lead2 n
    1. ventaja
    2. delantera
    who's in the lead? ¿quién lleva la delantera? / ¿quién va ganando?
    3. papel principal
    4. correa
    where's the dog's lead? ¿dónde está la correa del perro?
    5. cable eléctrico
    lead3 vb
    1. llevar / conducir
    where does this path lead? ¿adónde conduce este sendero?
    2. dirigir / liderar
    3. ir primero / ganar / llevar la delantera
    to lead a... life llevar una vida...
    El pasado y participio pasado de lead es led; se pronuncia más o menos lid, con una i larga
    tr[led]
    1 (metal) plomo
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    lead poisoning saturnismo
    ————————
    tr[liːd]
    transitive verb (pt & pp lead tr[led])
    1 (guide) llevar, conducir
    2 (be leader of) liderar, dirigir
    3 (be first in) ocupar el primer puesto en
    4 (influence) llevar
    5 (life) llevar
    6 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (orchestra) ser el primer violín de
    7 (us mus) dirigir
    8 (cards) salir con
    1 (road) conducir, llevar (to, a)
    2 (command) tener el mando
    3 (go first) ir primero,-a; (in race) llevar la delantera
    4 (cards) salir
    1 (front position) delantera
    2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL liderato (difference) ventaja
    3 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL primer papel nombre masculino
    4 SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL (for dog) correa
    5 SMALLELECTRICITY/SMALL cable nombre masculino
    6 (clue) pista
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to be in the lead ir en cabeza
    to follow somebody's lead seguir el ejemplo de alguien
    to lead a dog's life llevar una vida de perros
    to lead somebody to believe something llevar a alguien a creer algo
    to lead the way enseñar el camino
    to take the lead (in race) tomar la delantera 2 (in score) adelantarse en el marcador
    lead time tiempo de planificación y producción
    lead ['li:d] vt, led ['lɛd] ; leading
    1) guide: conducir, llevar, guiar
    2) direct: dirigir
    3) head: encabezar, ir al frente de
    4)
    to lead to : resultar en, llevar a
    it only leads to trouble: sólo resulta en problemas
    lead n
    : delantera f, primer lugar m
    to take the lead: tomar la delantera
    lead ['lɛd] n
    1) : plomo m (metal)
    2) : mina f (de lápiz)
    3)
    lead poisoning : saturnismo m
    n.
    n.
    • regleta s.f.
    adj.
    • de plomo adj.
    n.
    • avance s.m.
    • delantera s.f.
    • liderato s.m.
    • mando s.m.
    • plomo (Química) s.m.
    v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: led) = acaudillar v.
    • adiestrar v.
    • aportar v.
    • capitanear v.
    • carear v.
    • comandar v.
    • conducir v.
    • dirigir v.
    • encabezar v.
    • gobernar v.
    • guiar v.
    • mandar v.
    v.
    • emplomar v.

    I
    1) noun
    2) led
    u ( metal) plomo m

    as heavy as lead: my feet felt as heavy as lead los pies me pesaban como (un) plomo; (before n) lead crystal cristal m ( que contiene óxido de plomo y es muy preciado); lead poisoning — intoxicación f por plomo; ( chronic disease) saturnismo m

    3) c u ( in pencil) mina f; (before n)

    lead pencil — lápiz m (de mina)

    ( in competition) (no pl)

    to be in/hold the lead — llevar/conservar la delantera

    to move into the lead, to take the lead — tomar la delantera

    she has a lead of 20 meters/points over her nearest rival — le lleva 20 metros/puntos de ventaja a su rival más cercano

    5) (example, leadership) (no pl) ejemplo m

    to give a lead — dar* (el) ejemplo

    to follow o take somebody's lead — seguir* el ejemplo de alguien

    6) c ( clue) pista f
    7) c
    a) ( for dog) (BrE) correa f, traílla f
    b) ( Elec) cable m
    8) c
    a) ( main role) papel m principal

    the male/female lead — ( role) el papel principal masculino/femenino; ( person) el primer actor/la primera actriz

    b) ( Mus) solista mf

    to sing/play (the) lead — ser* la voz/el músico solista; (before n) <guitar, singer> principal

    9) c ( cards) (no pl)

    it was her lead — salía ella, ella era mano


    II
    1. liːd
    (past & past p led) transitive verb
    1)
    a) (guide, conduct) \<\<person/animal\>\> llevar, guiar*

    to lead somebody TO something/somebody — conducir* or llevar a alguien a algo/ante alguien

    to lead somebody away/off — llevarse a alguien

    lead the way! — ve tú delante or (esp AmL) adelante!

    b) (to a particular state, course of action)

    to lead somebody into temptation — hacer* caer a alguien en la tentación

    to lead somebody TO something/+ INF: this led me to the conclusion that... esto me hizo llegar a la conclusión de que...; what led you to resign? ¿qué te llevó a dimitir?; I was led to believe that... — me dieron a entender que...

    c) ( influence)
    2) (head, have charge of) \<\<discussion\>\> conducir*; \<\<orchestra\>\> ( conduct) (AmE) dirigir*; ( play first violin in) (BrE) ser* el primer violín de
    3)
    a) ( be at front of) \<\<parade/attack\>\> encabezar*, ir* al frente de
    b) (in race, competition) \<\<opponent\>\> aventajar

    they led the opposing team by ten points — aventajaban al equipo contrario por diez puntos, le llevaban diez puntos de ventaja al equipo contrario

    to lead the field — ( Sport) ir* en cabeza or a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

    4) \<\<life\>\> llevar
    5) ( play) \<\<trumps/hearts\>\> salir* con

    2.
    vi
    1)

    to lead TO something — \<\<road/path/steps\>\> llevar or conducir* or dar* a algo; \<\<door\>\> dar* a algo

    2)
    a) (be, act as leader)

    you lead, we'll follow — ve delante or (esp AmL) adelante, que te seguimos

    b) (in race, competition) \<\<competitor\>\> ir* a la cabeza, puntear (AmL)
    3)
    a) ( Journ)

    `The Times' leads with the budget deficit — `The Times' dedica su artículo de fondo al déficit presupuestario

    b) ( in cards) salir*, ser* mano
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    I [led]
    1.
    N (=metal) plomo m ; (in pencil) mina f ; (Naut) sonda f, escandallo m

    my limbs felt like lead or as heavy as lead — los brazos y las piernas me pesaban como plomo

    - swing the lead
    2.

    lead acetate N — acetato m de plomo

    lead crystal N — cristal m (que contiene óxido de plomo)

    lead oxide N — óxido m de plomo

    lead paint N — pintura f a base de plomo

    lead pipe N — tubería f de plomo

    lead poisoning N — saturnismo m, plumbismo m, intoxicación f por el plomo

    lead replacement petrol N — (gasolina f) súper f aditiva, (gasolina f) súper f con aditivos

    lead weight N — peso m plomo


    II [liːd] (vb: pt, pp led)
    1. N
    1) (=leading position) (Sport) delantera f, cabeza f ; (=distance, time, points ahead) ventaja f

    • to be in the lead — (gen) ir a la or en cabeza, ir primero; (Sport) llevar la delantera; (in league) ocupar el primer puesto

    • to have two minutes' lead over sb — llevar a algn una ventaja de dos minutos

    • to take the lead — (Sport) tomar la delantera; (=take the initiative) tomar la iniciativa

    2) (=example) ejemplo m

    • to follow sb's lead — seguir el ejemplo de algn

    • to give sb a lead — guiar a algn, dar el ejemplo a algn, mostrar el camino a algn

    3) (=clue) pista f, indicación f

    • to follow up a lead — seguir or investigar una pista

    4) (Theat) papel m principal; (in opera) voz f cantante; (=person) primer actor m, primera actriz f

    • to play the lead — tener el papel principal

    • to sing the lead — llevar la voz cantante

    • with Greta Garbo in the lead — con Greta Garbo en el primer papel

    5) (=leash) cuerda f, traílla f, correa f (LAm)

    • dogs must be kept on a lead — los perros deben llevarse con traílla

    6) (Elec) cable m
    7) (Cards)

    whose lead is it? — ¿quién sale?, ¿quién es mano?

    it's my lead — soy mano, salgo yo

    it's your lead — tú eres mano, sales tú

    • if the lead is in hearts — si la salida es a corazones

    8) (Press) primer párrafo m, entrada f
    2. VT
    1) (=conduct) llevar, conducir

    • to lead sb to a table — conducir a algn a una mesa

    what led you to Venice? — ¿qué te llevó a Venecia?, ¿con qué motivo fuiste a Venecia?

    • this discussion is leading us nowhere — esta discusión no nos lleva a ninguna parte

    • to lead the way — (lit) ir primero; (fig) mostrar el camino, dar el ejemplo

    2) (=be the leader of) [+ government] dirigir, encabezar; [+ party] encabezar, ser jefe de; [+ expedition, regiment] mandar; [+ discussion] conducir; [+ team] capitanear; [+ league] ir a la or en cabeza de, encabezar, ocupar el primer puesto en; [+ procession] ir a la or en cabeza de, encabezar; [+ orchestra] (Brit) ser el primer violín en; (US) dirigir
    3) (=be first in)

    • to lead the field — (Sport) ir a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

    • Britain led the world in textiles — Inglaterra era el líder mundial en la industria textil

    4) (=be in front of) [+ opponent] aventajar

    • Roberts leads Brown by four games to one — Roberts le aventaja a Brown por cuatro juegos a uno

    5) [+ life, existence] llevar

    • to lead a busy life — llevar una vida muy ajetreada

    to lead a full life — llevar or tener una vida muy activa, llevar or tener una vida llena de actividades

    dance 1., 1), life 1., 3)
    6) (=influence)

    to lead sb to do sth — llevar or inducir or mover a algn a hacer algo

    • we were led to believe that... — nos hicieron creer que...

    • what led you to this conclusion? — ¿qué te hizo llegar a esta conclusión?

    • he is easily led — es muy sugestionable

    • to lead sb into error — inducir a algn a error

    3. VI
    1) (=go in front) ir primero
    2) (in match, race) llevar la delantera

    he is leading by an hour/ten metres — lleva una hora/diez metros de ventaja

    3) (Cards) ser mano, salir

    you lead — sales tú, tú eres mano

    4) (=be in control) estar al mando
    5)

    • to lead to — [street, corridor] conducir a; [door] dar a

    this street leads to the station — esta calle conduce a la estación, por esta calle se va a la estación

    this street leads to the main square — esta calle sale a or desemboca en la plaza principal

    6) (=result in)

    • to lead to — llevar a

    one thing led to another... — una cosa nos/los etc llevó a otra...

    4.
    CPD

    lead story N — reportaje m principal

    lead time N — plazo m de entrega

    * * *

    I
    1) noun
    2) [led]
    u ( metal) plomo m

    as heavy as lead: my feet felt as heavy as lead los pies me pesaban como (un) plomo; (before n) lead crystal cristal m ( que contiene óxido de plomo y es muy preciado); lead poisoning — intoxicación f por plomo; ( chronic disease) saturnismo m

    3) c u ( in pencil) mina f; (before n)

    lead pencil — lápiz m (de mina)

    4) [liːd]
    ( in competition) (no pl)

    to be in/hold the lead — llevar/conservar la delantera

    to move into the lead, to take the lead — tomar la delantera

    she has a lead of 20 meters/points over her nearest rival — le lleva 20 metros/puntos de ventaja a su rival más cercano

    5) (example, leadership) (no pl) ejemplo m

    to give a lead — dar* (el) ejemplo

    to follow o take somebody's lead — seguir* el ejemplo de alguien

    6) c ( clue) pista f
    7) c
    a) ( for dog) (BrE) correa f, traílla f
    b) ( Elec) cable m
    8) c
    a) ( main role) papel m principal

    the male/female lead — ( role) el papel principal masculino/femenino; ( person) el primer actor/la primera actriz

    b) ( Mus) solista mf

    to sing/play (the) lead — ser* la voz/el músico solista; (before n) <guitar, singer> principal

    9) c ( cards) (no pl)

    it was her lead — salía ella, ella era mano


    II
    1. [liːd]
    (past & past p led) transitive verb
    1)
    a) (guide, conduct) \<\<person/animal\>\> llevar, guiar*

    to lead somebody TO something/somebody — conducir* or llevar a alguien a algo/ante alguien

    to lead somebody away/off — llevarse a alguien

    lead the way! — ve tú delante or (esp AmL) adelante!

    b) (to a particular state, course of action)

    to lead somebody into temptation — hacer* caer a alguien en la tentación

    to lead somebody TO something/+ INF: this led me to the conclusion that... esto me hizo llegar a la conclusión de que...; what led you to resign? ¿qué te llevó a dimitir?; I was led to believe that... — me dieron a entender que...

    c) ( influence)
    2) (head, have charge of) \<\<discussion\>\> conducir*; \<\<orchestra\>\> ( conduct) (AmE) dirigir*; ( play first violin in) (BrE) ser* el primer violín de
    3)
    a) ( be at front of) \<\<parade/attack\>\> encabezar*, ir* al frente de
    b) (in race, competition) \<\<opponent\>\> aventajar

    they led the opposing team by ten points — aventajaban al equipo contrario por diez puntos, le llevaban diez puntos de ventaja al equipo contrario

    to lead the field — ( Sport) ir* en cabeza or a la cabeza, llevar la delantera

    4) \<\<life\>\> llevar
    5) ( play) \<\<trumps/hearts\>\> salir* con

    2.
    vi
    1)

    to lead TO something — \<\<road/path/steps\>\> llevar or conducir* or dar* a algo; \<\<door\>\> dar* a algo

    2)
    a) (be, act as leader)

    you lead, we'll follow — ve delante or (esp AmL) adelante, que te seguimos

    b) (in race, competition) \<\<competitor\>\> ir* a la cabeza, puntear (AmL)
    3)
    a) ( Journ)

    `The Times' leads with the budget deficit — `The Times' dedica su artículo de fondo al déficit presupuestario

    b) ( in cards) salir*, ser* mano
    •
    Phrasal Verbs:

    English-spanish dictionary > lead

  • 3 near

    1. adverb
    1) (at a short distance) nah[e]

    stand/live [quite] near — [ganz] in der Nähe stehen/wohnen

    come or draw near/nearer — [Tag, Zeitpunkt:] nahen/näherrücken

    near at hand — in Reichweite (Dat.); [Ort] ganz in der Nähe

    be near at hand — [Ereignis:] nahe bevorstehen

    so near and yet so far — so nah und doch so fern

    2) (closely)

    near to = 2 a, b, c; we were near to being drowned — wir wären fast od. beinah[e] ertrunken

    2. preposition
    1) (in space) (position) nahe an/bei (+ Dat.); (motion) nahe an (+ Akk.); (fig.) nahe (geh.) nachgestellt (+ Dat.); in der Nähe (+ Gen.)

    keep near me — halte dich od. bleib in meiner Nähe

    near where... — in der Nähe od. unweit der Stelle (Gen.), wo...

    move it nearer her — rücke es näher zu ihr

    don't stand so near the fire — geh nicht so nahe od. dicht an das Feuer

    when we got nearer Oxford — als wir in die Nähe von Oxford kamen

    wait till we're nearer home — warte, bis wir nicht mehr so weit von zu Hause weg sind

    the man near/nearest you — der Mann, der bei dir/der dir am nächsten steht

    nobody comes anywhere near him at swimming — im Schwimmen kommt bei weitem keiner an ihn heran

    3) (in time)

    near the end/the beginning of something — gegen Ende/zu Anfang einer Sache (Gen.)

    4) in comb. Beinahe[unfall, -zusammenstoß, -katastrophe]

    be in a state of near-collapse — kurz vor dem Zusammenbruch stehen

    a near-miracle — fast od. beinahe ein Wunder

    3. adjective
    1) (in space or time) nahe
    2) (closely related) nahe [Verwandte]; eng [Freund]
    3) (in nature) fast richtig [Vermutung]; groß [Ähnlichkeit]

    £30 or near/nearest offer — 30 Pfund oder nächstbestes Angebot

    this is the nearest equivalent — dies entspricht dem am ehesten

    near escape — Entkommen mit knapper Not

    round it up to the nearest penny — runde es auf den nächsthöheren Pfennigbetrag

    be a near miss — [Schuss, Wurf:] knapp danebengehen

    that was a near miss — (escape) das war aber knapp!

    4)

    the near side — (Brit.) (travelling on the left/right) die linke/rechte Seite

    5) (direct)
    4. transitive verb
    sich nähern (+ Dat.)
    * * *
    [niə] 1. adjective
    1) (not far away in place or time: The station is quite near; Christmas is getting near.) nahe
    2) (not far away in relationship: He is a near relation.) nahe
    2. adverb
    1) (to or at a short distance from here or the place mentioned: He lives quite near.) nahe
    2) ((with to) close to: Don't sit too near to the window.) nahe
    3. preposition
    (at a very small distance from (in place, time etc): She lives near the church; It was near midnight when they arrived.) nahe
    4. verb
    (to come near (to): The roads became busier as they neared the town; as evening was nearing.) sich nähren
    - academic.ru/49300/nearly">nearly
    - nearness
    - nearby
    - nearside
    - near-sighted
    - a near miss
    * * *
    [nɪəʳ, AM nɪr]
    I. adj
    1. (close in space) nahe, in der Nähe
    where's the \nearest phone box? wo ist die nächste Telefonzelle?
    in the \near distance [ganz] in der Nähe
    in the \near future in der nahen Zukunft
    3. (most similar)
    ▪ \nearest am nächsten
    walking in these boots is the \nearest thing to floating on air in diesen Stiefeln läuft man fast wie auf Watte
    this was the \nearest equivalent to cottage cheese I could find von allem, was ich auftreiben konnte, ist das hier Hüttenkäse am ähnlichsten
    he rounded up the sum to the \nearest dollar er rundete die Summe auf den nächsten Dollar auf
    4. attr (close to being)
    he was in a state of \near despair er war der Verzweiflung nahe
    that's a \near certainty/impossibility das ist so gut wie sicher/unmöglich
    a \near catastrophe/collision eine Beinahekatastrophe/ein Beinahezusammenstoß m
    5. attr (person) nahe, eng
    he's a \near neighbour er gehört zu der unmittelbaren Nachbarschaft
    \near relative enge[r] [o nahe[r]] Verwandte[r]
    his \nearest and dearest ( hum) seine Lieben hum
    6. attr BRIT, AUS AUTO, TRANSP (nearside) auf der Beifahrerseite präd, nach n
    7.
    ▶ a \near thing:
    that was a \near thing! it could have been a disaster das war aber knapp! es hätte ein Unglück geben können
    she won in the end but it was a \near thing am Ende hat sie doch noch gewonnen, aber es war knapp
    II. adv
    do you live somewhere \near? wohnst du hier irgendwo in der Nähe?
    I wish we lived \nearer ich wünschte, wir würden näher beieinanderwohnen
    I was standing just \near enough to hear what he was saying ich stand gerade nah genug, um zu hören, was er sagte
    \near at hand object in [unmittelbarer] Reichweite; place [ganz] in der Nähe
    to draw [or get] \near näher rücken
    the time is drawing \nearer die Zeit rückt näher
    3. (almost) beinahe, fast
    a \near perfect performance eine fast perfekte Vorstellung
    I \near fell out or the chair ich wäre beinahe vom Stuhl gefallen
    as \near as:
    as \near as he could recall, the burglar had been tall soweit er sich erinnern konnte, war der Einbrecher groß gewesen
    I'm as \near certain as can be ich bin mir so gut wie sicher
    there were about 60 people at the party, as \near as I could judge ich schätze, es waren so um die 60 Leute auf der Party
    \near enough ( fam) fast, beinahe
    she's been here 10 years, \near enough sie ist seit 10 Jahren hier, so ungefähr jedenfalls
    they're the same age or \near enough sie haben so ungefähr dasselbe Alter
    nowhere [or not anywhere] \near bei Weitem nicht
    his income is nowhere \near enough to live on sein Einkommen reicht bei Weitem nicht zum Leben [aus]
    he's not anywhere \near as [or so] tall as his sister er ist längst nicht so groß wie seine Schwester
    4.
    ▶ as \near as dammit [or damn it] BRIT ( fam)
    it will cost £200, or as \near as dammit so Pi mal Daumen gerechnet wird es etwa 200 Pfund kosten
    III. prep
    1. (in proximity to)
    ▪ \near [to] nahe [bei] + dat
    he stood \near her er stand nahe [o dicht] bei ihr
    do you live \near here? wohnen Sie hier in der Nähe?
    we live quite \near [to] a school wir wohnen in unmittelbarer Nähe einer Schule
    the house was nowhere \near the port das Haus lag nicht mal in der Nähe des Hafens
    don't come too \near me, you might catch my cold komm mir nicht zu nahe, du könntest dich mit meiner Erkältung anstecken
    which bus stop is \nearest [to] your house? welche Bushaltestelle ist von deinem Haus aus die nächste?
    go and sit \nearer [to] the fire komm, setz dich näher ans Feuer
    there's a car park \near the factory bei [o in der Nähe] der Fabrik gibt es einen Parkplatz
    I shan't be home till some time \near midnight ich werde erst so um Mitternacht zurück sein
    it's nowhere \near time for us to leave yet es ist noch längst nicht Zeit für uns zu gehen
    I'm nowhere \near finishing the book ich habe das Buch noch längst nicht ausgelesen
    details will be given \near the date die Einzelheiten werden kurz vor dem Termin bekanntgegeben
    his birthday is very \near Easter er hat kurz vor Ostern Geburtstag
    I'll think about it \nearer [to] the time wenn die Zeit reif ist, dann werde ich drüber nachdenken
    \near the end of the war gegen Kriegsende
    we came \near to being killed wir wären beinahe getötet worden
    they came \near to blows over the election results sie hätten sich fast geprügelt wegen der Wahlergebnisse
    \near to starvation/dehydration nahe dem Verhungern/Verdursten
    \near to tears den Tränen nahe
    4. (similar in quantity or quality)
    he's \nearer 70 than 60 er ist eher 70 als 60
    this colour is \nearest [to] the original diese Farbe kommt dem Original am nächsten
    nobody else comes \near him in cooking was das Kochen angeht, da kommt keiner an ihn ran
    5. (about ready to)
    ▪ to be \near to doing sth nahe daran sein, etw akk zu tun
    I am \near to losing my temper ich verliere gleich die Geduld
    he came \near to punching him er hätte ihn beinahe geschlagen
    6. (like)
    he felt something \near envy er empfand so etwas wie Neid
    what he said was nothing \near the truth was er sagte, entsprach nicht im Entferntesten der Wahrheit
    7. (almost amount of) annähernd, fast
    it weighed \near to a pound es wog etwas weniger als ein Pfund
    temperatures \near 30 degrees Temperaturen von etwas unter 30 Grad
    profits fell from £8 million to \nearer £6 million die Gewinne sind von 8 Millionen auf gerade mal 6 Millionen zurückgegangen
    IV. vt
    ▪ to \near sth sich akk etw dat nähern, etw dat näher kommen
    we \neared the top of the mountain wir kamen dem Gipfel des Berges immer näher
    to \near completion kurz vor der Vollendung stehen
    sb \nears his/her end ( liter) jds Ende naht euph
    V. vi sich akk nähern, näher kommen [o rücken]
    lunchtime is \nearing es ist bald Mittagszeit
    as Christmas \neared, little Susan became more and more excited als Weihnachten nahte, wurde die kleine Susan immer aufgeregter
    * * *
    [nɪə(r)] (+er)
    1. ADVERB
    1) = close in space or time nahe

    don't sit/stand so near — setzen Sie sich/stehen Sie nicht so nahe (daran)

    you live nearer/nearest — du wohnst näher/am nächsten

    to move/come nearer — näher kommen

    that was the nearest I ever got to seeing him — da hätte ich ihn fast gesehen

    the nearer it gets to the election, the more they look like losing — je näher die Wahl kommt or rückt, desto mehr sieht es danach aus, dass sie verlieren werden __diams; to be near at hand zur Hand sein; (shops) in der Nähe sein; (help) ganz nahe sein; (event) unmittelbar bevorstehen

    2) = closely, accurately genau

    as near as I can tell —

    (that's) near enough — so gehts ungefähr, das haut so ungefähr hin (inf)

    ... no, but near enough —... nein, aber es ist nicht weit davon entfernt

    3) = almost fast, beinahe; impossible nahezu, fast; dead nahezu
    4)

    in negative statements it's nowhere near enough — das ist bei Weitem nicht genug

    we're nowhere or not anywhere near finishing the book —

    you are nowhere or not anywhere near the truth — das ist weit gefehlt, du bist weit von der Wahrheit entfernt

    2. PREPOSITION
    (also ADV: near to)
    1) = close to position nahe an (+dat), nahe (+dat); (with motion) nahe an (+acc); (= in the vicinity of) in der Nähe von or +gen; (with motion) in die Nähe von or +gen

    move the chair near/nearer (to) the table — rücken Sie den Stuhl an den/näher an den Tisch

    to get near/nearer (to) sb/sth — nahe/näher an jdn/etw herankommen

    to stand near/nearer (to) the table — nahe/näher am Tisch stehen

    he won't go near anything illegal —

    near here/there — hier/dort in der Nähe

    near (to) where I had seen him — nahe der Stelle, wo ich ihn gesehen hatte

    to be nearest to sth — einer Sache (dat) am nächsten sein

    take the chair nearest (to) you/the table — nehmen Sie den Stuhl direkt neben Ihnen/dem Tisch

    that's nearer it —

    to be near (to) sb's heart or sb — jdm am Herzen liegen

    to be near (to) the knuckle or bone (joke) — gewagt sein; (remark) hart an der Grenze sein

    2) = close in time with time stipulated gegen

    near (to) the appointed time — um die ausgemachte Zeit herum

    come back nearer (to) 3 o'clock —

    to be nearer/nearest (to) sth — einer Sache (dat) zeitlich näher liegen/am nächsten liegen

    near (to) the end of my stay/the play/the book — gegen Ende meines Aufenthalts/des Stücks/des Buchs

    as it drew near/nearer (to) his departure — als seine Abreise heranrückte/näher heranrückte

    3)

    = on the point of to be near (to) doing sth — nahe daran sein, etw zu tun

    to be near (to) tears/despair etc — den Tränen/der Verzweiflung etc nahe sein

    she was near (to) laughing out loud — sie hätte beinahe laut gelacht

    the project is near/nearer (to) completion —

    he came near to ruining his chances — er hätte sich seine Chancen beinahe verdorben, es hätte nicht viel gefehlt, und er hätte sich seine Chancen verdorben

    we were near to being drowned — wir waren dem Ertrinken nahe, wir wären beinahe ertrunken

    4) = similar to ähnlich (+dat)

    German is nearer (to) Dutch than English is — Deutsch ist dem Holländischen ähnlicher als Englisch

    it's the same thing or near it —

    3. ADJECTIVE
    1) = close in space or time nahe

    to be near (person, object) — in der Nähe sein; (danger, end, help) nahe sein; (event, departure, festival) bevorstehen

    to be very near — ganz in der Nähe sein; (in time) nahe or unmittelbar bevorstehen; (danger etc) ganz nahe sein

    to be nearer/nearest — näher/am nächsten sein; (event etc) zeitlich näher/am nächsten liegen

    it looks very near —

    his answer was nearer than mine/nearest — seine Antwort traf eher zu als meine/traf die Sachlage am ehesten

    when death is so near — wenn man dem Tod nahe ist

    these events are still very near —

    the hour is near (when...) (old) her hour was near (old) — die Stunde ist nahe(, da...) (old) ihre Stunde war nahe (old)

    2) fig escape knapp

    a near disaster/accident — beinahe or fast ein Unglück nt/ein Unfall m

    his nearest rival — sein schärfster Rivale, seine schärfste Rivalin

    to be in a state of near collapse/hysteria — am Rande eines Zusammenbruchs/der Hysterie sein

    £50 or nearest offer (Comm) — Verhandlungsbasis £ 50

    we'll sell it for £50, or nearest offer — wir verkaufen es für £ 50 oder das nächstbeste Angebot

    this is the nearest translation you'll get — besser kann man es kaum übersetzen, diese Übersetzung trifft es noch am ehesten

    that's the nearest thing you'll get to a compliment/an answer — ein besseres Kompliment/eine bessere Antwort kannst du kaum erwarten

    3) = closely related, intimate relation nah; friend nah, vertraut
    4. TRANSITIVE VERB
    sich nähern (+dat)

    to be nearing sth (fig) — auf etw (acc) zugehen

    5. INTRANSITIVE VERB
    (time, event) näher rücken

    the time is nearing when... — die Zeit rückt näher, da...

    * * *
    near [nıə(r)]
    A adv
    1. nahe, (ganz) in der Nähe, dicht dabei
    2. nahe (bevorstehend) (Zeitpunkt, Ereignis etc)
    3. nahe (heran), näher:
    4. nahezu, beinahe, fast:
    £1,000 is not anywhere near enough 1000 Pfund sind bei Weitem nicht genug oder sind auch nicht annähernd genug;
    not anywhere near as bad as nicht annähernd so schlecht wie, bei Weitem nicht so schlecht wie
    5. obs sparsam:
    live near sparsam oder kärglich leben
    6. fig eng (verwandt, befreundet etc)
    7. SCHIFF hart (am Winde):
    B adj (adv → nearly)
    1. nahe (gelegen), in der Nähe:
    the nearest place der nächstgelegene Ort
    2. kurz, nahe:
    the nearest way der kürzeste Weg
    3. nahe (Zeitpunkt, Ereignis etc):
    4. nahe (verwandt):
    the nearest relations die nächsten Verwandten
    5. eng (befreundet oder vertraut):
    a near friend ein guter oder enger Freund;
    my nearest and dearest friend mein bester Freund;
    6. knapp:
    we had a near escape wir sind mit knapper Not entkommen;
    near miss FLUG, AUTO Beinahe-, Fastzusammenstoß m;
    a) knapp danebengehen (Schuss etc),
    b) fig knapp scheitern;
    that was a near thing umg das hätte ins Auge gehen können, das ist gerade noch einmal gut gegangen
    7. genau, wörtlich, wortgetreu (Übersetzung etc)
    8. umg knaus(e)rig
    C präp
    1. nahe (dat), in der oder die Nähe von (oder gen), nahe an (dat) oder bei, unweit (gen):
    near sb in jemandes Nähe;
    a house near the station ein Haus in Bahnhofsnähe;
    get near the end of one’s career sich dem Ende seiner Laufbahn nähern;
    near completion der Vollendung nahe, nahezu fertiggestellt;
    a) nicht weit von hier,
    b) hier in der Nähe;
    his opinion is very near my own wir sind fast der gleichen Meinung;
    be near doing sth nahe daran sein, etwas zu tun; → bone1 A 1
    2. (zeitlich) nahe, nicht weit von
    D v/t & v/i sich nähern, näher kommen (dat):
    be nearing completion der Vollendung entgegengehenBesondere Redewendungen: near at hand
    a) → A 1,
    b) → A 2 near by → nearby A;
    a) sich ungefähr belaufen auf (akk),
    b) einer Sache sehr nahe oder fast gleichkommen, fast etwas sein she came near to tears sie war den Tränen nahe, sie hätte fast geweint;
    come ( oder go) near to doing sth etwas fast oder beinahe tun;
    not come near to sth in keinem Verhältnis stehen zu etwas; → draw near, nowhere A 3
    nr abk near
    * * *
    1. adverb

    stand/live [quite] near — [ganz] in der Nähe stehen/wohnen

    come or draw near/nearer — [Tag, Zeitpunkt:] nahen/näherrücken

    near at hand — in Reichweite (Dat.); [Ort] ganz in der Nähe

    be near at hand — [Ereignis:] nahe bevorstehen

    near to = 2 a, b, c; we were near to being drowned — wir wären fast od. beinah[e] ertrunken

    2. preposition
    1) (in space) (position) nahe an/bei (+ Dat.); (motion) nahe an (+ Akk.); (fig.) nahe (geh.) nachgestellt (+ Dat.); in der Nähe (+ Gen.)

    keep near me — halte dich od. bleib in meiner Nähe

    near where... — in der Nähe od. unweit der Stelle (Gen.), wo...

    wait till we're nearer home — warte, bis wir nicht mehr so weit von zu Hause weg sind

    the man near/nearest you — der Mann, der bei dir/der dir am nächsten steht

    ask me again nearer the time — frag mich, wenn der Zeitpunkt etwas näher gerückt ist, noch einmal

    near the end/the beginning of something — gegen Ende/zu Anfang einer Sache (Gen.)

    4) in comb. Beinahe[unfall, -zusammenstoß, -katastrophe]

    a near-miracle — fast od. beinahe ein Wunder

    3. adjective
    2) (closely related) nahe [Verwandte]; eng [Freund]
    3) (in nature) fast richtig [Vermutung]; groß [Ähnlichkeit]

    £30 or near/nearest offer — 30 Pfund oder nächstbestes Angebot

    be a near miss — [Schuss, Wurf:] knapp danebengehen

    that was a near miss — (escape) das war aber knapp!

    4)

    the near side — (Brit.) (travelling on the left/right) die linke/rechte Seite

    4. transitive verb
    sich nähern (+ Dat.)
    * * *
    adj.
    nah adj. prep.
    nächst präp.

    English-german dictionary > near

  • 4 ahead

    ahead [ə'hed]
    en avant ⇒ 1 (a) à venir, à l'avenir ⇒ 1 (b) en avance, d'avance ⇒ 1 (c), 2 (b) devant ⇒ 2 (a)
    (a) (in space) en avant, devant;
    ∎ to send sb ahead envoyer qn en avant;
    ∎ the road ahead la route devant nous/eux/ etc;
    ∎ there's a crossroads about half a mile ahead il y a un croisement à environ 800 mètres (d'ici);
    ∎ go/drive on ahead and I'll catch you up vas-y ou pars en avant, je te rattraperai;
    ∎ to push or press ahead with a project poursuivre un projet
    ∎ the years ahead les années à venir;
    ∎ what lies ahead? qu'est-ce qui nous attend?;
    ∎ to look ahead penser à l'avenir;
    ∎ looking ahead to the future en pensant à l'avenir;
    ∎ to plan ahead faire des projets;
    ∎ you have to plan ahead for a big wedding il faut s'organiser à l'avance pour un grand mariage;
    ∎ how far ahead should one book? combien de temps à l'avance faut-il retenir?;
    ∎ we must think ahead nous devons prévoir
    (c) (in competition, race) en avance;
    ∎ three lengths/five points ahead trois longueurs/cinq points d'avance;
    ∎ to be ahead on points avoir des points d'avance;
    ∎ figurative it's better to quit while you're ahead mieux vaut te retirer du jeu pendant que tu as l'avantage
    (d) Nautical sur l'avant, en avant (du navire);
    ∎ the ship was right ahead le navire était droit devant;
    ∎ to go ahead aller de l'avant
    (a) (in front of) devant;
    ∎ there were ten people ahead of us in the queue il y avait dix personnes devant nous dans la queue
    ∎ he arrived ten minutes ahead of me il est arrivé dix minutes avant moi;
    ∎ to finish ahead of schedule terminer plus tôt que prévu ou en avance;
    ∎ the rest of the team are two months ahead of us les autres membres de l'équipe ont deux mois d'avance sur nous;
    ∎ French time is one hour ahead of British time la France a une heure d'avance sur la Grande-Bretagne;
    ∎ to arrive ahead of time arriver en avance ou avant l'heure;
    ∎ figurative to be ahead of one's time être en avance sur son époque;
    ∎ you've got your best years ahead of you vous avez vos meilleures années devant vous
    (c) (in competition, race)
    ∎ he is five points ahead of his nearest rival il a cinq points d'avance sur son rival le plus proche, il devance son rival le plus proche de cinq points;
    ∎ to be ahead of one's competitors devancer ses concurrents;
    ∎ School he is ahead of his class il est en avance sur sa classe

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > ahead

  • 5 run-off

    ['rʌnɔf]
    сущ.; = runoff
    1)
    а) избыток воды, поток, потоп
    б) время, период года, для которого характерно повышение уровня воды (например, оттепель, весеннее таяние снега)
    в) метео сток
    2) геол. смыв поверхности
    3)
    а) спорт. дополнительный матч ( после ничейного результата)
    б) полит. последний тур выборов с участием двух кандидатов, имеющих наибольший рейтинг

    His nearest rival announced he would not contest a run-off. — Его ближайший соперник объявил, что не примет участия в решающем туре выборов.

    4) с.-х. опадение плодов до их созревания
    5) отбросы, отходы (промышленности, производства)

    Англо-русский современный словарь > run-off

  • 6 प्रति _prati

    प्रति ind.
    1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition).
    -2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c.
    -3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of.
    -4 As a separable preposi- tion (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop.
    -5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते.
    -6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [ Note:-- In the com- pounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.]
    -Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders.
    -अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās.
    -अग्नि ind. towards the fire.
    -अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v.
    -अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose.
    -2 a division, chapter, section.
    -3 every limb.
    -4 a weapon. (
    -ङ्गम्) ind.
    1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1.
    -2 for every subdivision.
    -3 in each case (in grammar).
    -अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch.
    -अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1.
    -2 repository.
    -अनन्तर a.
    1 being in immediate neigh- bourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्).
    -2 standing nearest (as an heir).
    -3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (
    -रम्) ind.
    1 immediately after.
    -2 next in succession.
    -रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R.
    -अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind.
    -अनीक a
    1 hostile, opposed, inimical.
    -2 resisting, opposing.
    -3 opposite.
    -4 equal, vying with. (
    -कः) an enemy.
    (-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām.
    -2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also).
    -3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1.
    -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration.
    -अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion.
    -अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to, adjacent, bordering.
    (-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26.
    -2 a bordering country; especi- ally, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak.
    -अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh.
    -अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4.
    -अब्दम् ind. every year
    -अमित्र a. hostile. (
    -त्रः) an enemy. (
    -त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy.
    -अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent.
    -2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र.
    -3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।).
    -अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion.
    -अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved.
    -अवयवम् ind.
    1 in every limb.
    -2 in every particular, in detail.
    1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12.
    -2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19.
    -अश्मन् m. red chalk.
    -अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease.
    -अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6.
    -आकारः a scabbard, sheath.
    -आघातः 1 a counter-stroke.
    -2 reaction.
    -आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour.
    -आत्मम् ind. singly, severally.
    -आत्मक a. belonging to oneself.
    -आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself.
    -आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45.
    -आदित्यः a mock sun.
    -आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning.
    -2 pro- hibition.
    -आर्द्र a. fresh.
    -आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8.
    -2 trust, con- fidence.
    -आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12.
    -आस्वर 1 returning.
    -2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2.
    -आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5.
    -उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder.
    -उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14.
    -2 a bird resembling an owl.
    -ऋचम् ind. in each Rik.
    -एक a. each, each one, every single one. (
    -कम्) ind.
    1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31.
    -एनस् m.
    1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7.
    -2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety.
    -कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary.
    -2 a critic.
    -कण्ठम् ind.
    1 severally, one by one.
    -2 near the throat.
    -कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually.
    -कश a. not obeying the whip.
    -कष्ट a. comparatively bad.
    -कामिनी a female rival; Śi.
    -कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness.
    -2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28.
    -3 a target, butt, mark.
    -कितवः an opponent in a game.
    -कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant.
    -कूपः a moat, ditch.
    -कूल a.
    1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24.
    -2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45.
    -3 inauspicious.
    -4 contradictory.
    -5 reverse, inverted.
    -6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contra- diction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् dis- agreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.).
    -कूल ind.
    1 adversely, contrarily.
    -2 inversely, in inverted order.
    -कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose.
    -कूलिक a. hostile, inimical.
    -क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56.
    -क्षपम् ind. everynight.
    -गजः a hostile elephant
    -गात्रम् ind. in very limb.
    -गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain.
    -2 an inferior mountain.
    -गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house.
    -ग्रामम् ind. in every village.
    -चक्रम् a hostile army.
    -चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene.
    -चरणम् ind.
    1 in every (Vedic) school or branch.
    -2 at every foot-step.
    -छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45.
    -2 an image, picture.
    -जङ्घा the forepart of the leg.
    -जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate,
    -तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion.
    -तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः).
    -त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time.
    -दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient.
    -दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6.
    -दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, every- where.
    -दूतः a messenger sent in return.
    -देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7.
    -देशम् ind. in every country.
    -देहम् ind. in every body.
    -दैवतम् ind. for every deity.
    -द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival.
    -2 an enemy. (
    -द्वम्) opposition, hostility.
    -द्वन्द्विन् a.
    1 hostile, inimical.
    -2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29.
    -3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25.
    -द्वारम् ind. at every gate.
    -धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another.
    -नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson.
    -नव a.
    1 new, young, fresh.
    -2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38.
    -नाडी a branch-vein.
    -नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic com- position; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c.
    -नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45.
    -निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v.
    -न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15.
    -पक्ष a. like, similar.
    (-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S,
    -2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'.
    -3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5.
    -4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता
    1 hostility, opposition.
    -2 obstacle.
    -पक्षित a.
    1 containing a contradiction.
    -2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष.
    -पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary.
    -पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh.
    -प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76.
    -पदम् ind.
    1 at evry stop.
    -2 at every place, everywhere.
    -3 expressly.
    -4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2.
    -पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R.
    -पाणः 1 a stake.
    -2 a counter-pledge.
    -3 a counter-stake; Mb.3.
    -पादम् ind. in each quarter.
    -पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'.
    -पादपम् ind. in every tree.
    -पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil.
    -पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man.
    -2 a substitute, deputy.
    -3 a companion.
    -4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake).
    -5 an effigy in general. (
    -षम्) ind. man by man, for each man.
    -पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript.
    -पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon.
    -प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to.
    -प्रभातम् ind. every morning.
    -प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -- a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana.
    -2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45.
    -प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart.
    -प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56.
    -बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13.
    -बलः a.
    1 able, powerful.
    -2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful.
    (-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7.
    -2 strength.
    -बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm.
    -2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon).
    -बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18.
    -2 an image, a picture.
    -बीजम् a rotten seed.
    -भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5.
    (-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21.
    -2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1.
    -भय a.
    1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful.
    -2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (
    -यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5.
    -भैरव a. dreadful.
    -मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.)
    -मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21.
    -मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.).
    -2 an eccentric orbit.
    -मन्दिरम् ind. in every house.
    -मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22.
    -मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35.
    -माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22.
    -मार्गः the way back; Mb.4.
    -मार्गम् ind. back, back- wards.
    -माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी).
    -मासम् ind. every month, monthly.
    -मित्रम् an enemy, adversary.
    -मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291.
    -2 near, present. (
    -खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (
    -खम्) ind.
    1 towards.
    -2 in front, before.
    -मुखरी a particular mode of drumming.
    -मुद्रा 1 a counter- seal.
    -2 the impression of a seal.
    -मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment.
    -मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness.
    -मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी).
    -यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants.
    -रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2.
    -रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb.
    -रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4.
    -2 quarrel; controversy.
    -3 (Ved.) life (प्राण).
    -रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22.
    -राजः a hostile king.
    -रात्रम् ind. every night.
    -रूप a.
    1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9.
    -2 beautiful.
    -3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17.
    -4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्).
    (-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness.
    -2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28.
    -4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21.
    -रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1.
    (-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49.
    -2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52.
    -3 a reflec- tion.
    -लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token.
    -लिपिः f. a tran- script, a written copy.
    -लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28.
    -लोम a.
    1 'against the hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15.
    -2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband).
    -3 hostile.
    -4 low, vile, base.
    -5 left (वाम).
    -6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7.
    -7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (
    -मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (
    -मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25.
    -लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5.
    -कम् inverted order.
    -लोमतः ind.
    1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68.
    -2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39.
    -वत्सरम् ind. every year.
    -वनम् ind. in every forest.
    -वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding.
    -वर्धिन् a. being a match for.
    -वर्षम् ind. every year.
    -वस्तु n.
    1 an equivalent, a counter- part.
    -2 anything given in return.
    -3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48.
    -वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (
    -तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33.
    -वारणः a hostile elephant.
    -वासरम् ind. every day.
    -विटपम् ind.
    1 on every branch.
    -2 branch by branch.
    -विषम् an anti- dote. (
    -षा) a birch tree.
    -विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree.
    -वीरः an opponent, antagonist.
    -वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for.
    -वृषः a hostile bull.
    -वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion.
    -वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood.
    -2 a neighbour.
    -वेशिन् a. a neigh- bour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14.
    -वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house.
    -वेश्यः a neighbour.
    -वैरम् re- quital of hostilities revenge.
    -शब्दः 1 echo, reverbera- tion; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28.
    -2 a roar.
    -शशिन् m. a mock-moon.
    -शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda).
    -शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21.
    -संवत्सरम् ind. every year.
    -सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh.
    -संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1.
    -सम a. equal to, a match for.
    -सव्य a. in an inverted order.
    -सामन्तः an enemy.
    -सायम् ind. every evening.
    -सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun.
    -2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16.
    -सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17.
    -स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere.
    -स्मृतिः N. of parti- cular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3.
    -स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5.
    -हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33.
    -हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3.
    -हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > प्रति _prati

  • 7 צרה I

    צָרָהI (b. h.; צָרַר) (nearest, associate wife, rival (cmp. רֵעַ). Yeb.I, 2 כשם שבתו פטורה כן צָרָתָהּ פטורה as a mans daughter (who was the wife of his brother that died without issue) is exempt from marrying the yabam (her father), so is her associate exempt. Ib. הלכה צָרַת בתו … כשם שצָרַת בתו פטורה כך צרת צרתה פטורה if this his daughters associate marries a second brother of his who has another wife besides her, and he dies (without issue): as his daughters former associate is exempt, so is the latters present associate exempt; a. v. fr.Snh.103b; Yoma 9b; Num. R. s. 7 מסכה צ׳, v. מַסֵּכָה I. Midr. Till, to Ps. 101 ועבר בים צ׳ זה צלמו של מיכה ‘and a rival crossed the sea (Zech. 10:11), that means the image of Micah; Num. R. s. 16, end; Mekh. Bo, s. 14.Yoma 19b, v. צְרֵדָה.Pl. צָרוֹת. Yeb.I, 1 צרותיהן, חמש … פוטרות נָרוֹתֵיהֶן צ׳ fifteen women (married severally to the brother of a man with whom marriage is forbidden) cause the exemption from yibbum (יִבּוּם) of their associates and eventually the associates of their associates. Ib. 4 בית שמאי מתירין הצ׳ לאחים the school of Shammai allows the rivals of a woman forbidden on account of consanguinity to be married to one of the brothers of the deceased (without issue); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > צרה I

  • 8 צָרָה

    צָרָהI (b. h.; צָרַר) (nearest, associate wife, rival (cmp. רֵעַ). Yeb.I, 2 כשם שבתו פטורה כן צָרָתָהּ פטורה as a mans daughter (who was the wife of his brother that died without issue) is exempt from marrying the yabam (her father), so is her associate exempt. Ib. הלכה צָרַת בתו … כשם שצָרַת בתו פטורה כך צרת צרתה פטורה if this his daughters associate marries a second brother of his who has another wife besides her, and he dies (without issue): as his daughters former associate is exempt, so is the latters present associate exempt; a. v. fr.Snh.103b; Yoma 9b; Num. R. s. 7 מסכה צ׳, v. מַסֵּכָה I. Midr. Till, to Ps. 101 ועבר בים צ׳ זה צלמו של מיכה ‘and a rival crossed the sea (Zech. 10:11), that means the image of Micah; Num. R. s. 16, end; Mekh. Bo, s. 14.Yoma 19b, v. צְרֵדָה.Pl. צָרוֹת. Yeb.I, 1 צרותיהן, חמש … פוטרות נָרוֹתֵיהֶן צ׳ fifteen women (married severally to the brother of a man with whom marriage is forbidden) cause the exemption from yibbum (יִבּוּם) of their associates and eventually the associates of their associates. Ib. 4 בית שמאי מתירין הצ׳ לאחים the school of Shammai allows the rivals of a woman forbidden on account of consanguinity to be married to one of the brothers of the deceased (without issue); a. fr.

    Jewish literature > צָרָה

  • 9 גרי

    גְּרִי, גְּרָאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֶה, Nithpa. נִתְגָּרֶה to be inflamed, jealous; to rival).Pa. גָּרֵי 1) to incite, let loose. Targ. Num. 21:6; a. fr. 2) to let off, drive, thrust. Naz.4b דילמא גָּרוּיֵי ג׳ בהו perhaps he thrust (the jaw bone) at them (without touching them; Ar. a. Rashi: גרדויי גרדוכ׳, obviously for גררויי גרר, cmp. גיררא, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.). Taan.25a אֲגָרֵי בךוכ׳, v. גִּירָא II. ( 3) to drag (cmp. גרר). Nidd.36b, v. גְּדֵי. Ithpa. אִתְגָּרֵי, Ithpe. אִיגְּרֵי 1) to attack. Targ. Deut. 2:5; a. fr. Targ. 1 Sam. 13:4 (h. text נבאש!). Targ. Ps. 22:8 ed. Lag., v. גְּרַר.Lam. R. to I, 5 מלכוותא מִתְגַּרְיָן בכון kingdoms will attack you; a. e. 2) to be let loose, hurled. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:60; a. e.Y.Peah I, 16a top הא דובא מִתְגַּרְיָא לך that same temptation will be let loose, v. preced. Hithpa. 3) to become impassionate, be hot with sexual passion. Snh.64a דלא מִיגְּרֵי איניש בקרובתיה Ms. M. (ed. איגרו) that one does not fall in love with his nearest kindred. Ab. Zar.22b כיון דמיגרי בה because the animal will show his sexual desire by running after her (and thus betray her sin).Denom. תִּגְרָא.

    Jewish literature > גרי

  • 10 גרא

    גְּרִי, גְּרָאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֶה, Nithpa. נִתְגָּרֶה to be inflamed, jealous; to rival).Pa. גָּרֵי 1) to incite, let loose. Targ. Num. 21:6; a. fr. 2) to let off, drive, thrust. Naz.4b דילמא גָּרוּיֵי ג׳ בהו perhaps he thrust (the jaw bone) at them (without touching them; Ar. a. Rashi: גרדויי גרדוכ׳, obviously for גררויי גרר, cmp. גיררא, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.). Taan.25a אֲגָרֵי בךוכ׳, v. גִּירָא II. ( 3) to drag (cmp. גרר). Nidd.36b, v. גְּדֵי. Ithpa. אִתְגָּרֵי, Ithpe. אִיגְּרֵי 1) to attack. Targ. Deut. 2:5; a. fr. Targ. 1 Sam. 13:4 (h. text נבאש!). Targ. Ps. 22:8 ed. Lag., v. גְּרַר.Lam. R. to I, 5 מלכוותא מִתְגַּרְיָן בכון kingdoms will attack you; a. e. 2) to be let loose, hurled. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:60; a. e.Y.Peah I, 16a top הא דובא מִתְגַּרְיָא לך that same temptation will be let loose, v. preced. Hithpa. 3) to become impassionate, be hot with sexual passion. Snh.64a דלא מִיגְּרֵי איניש בקרובתיה Ms. M. (ed. איגרו) that one does not fall in love with his nearest kindred. Ab. Zar.22b כיון דמיגרי בה because the animal will show his sexual desire by running after her (and thus betray her sin).Denom. תִּגְרָא.

    Jewish literature > גרא

  • 11 גְּרִי

    גְּרִי, גְּרָאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֶה, Nithpa. נִתְגָּרֶה to be inflamed, jealous; to rival).Pa. גָּרֵי 1) to incite, let loose. Targ. Num. 21:6; a. fr. 2) to let off, drive, thrust. Naz.4b דילמא גָּרוּיֵי ג׳ בהו perhaps he thrust (the jaw bone) at them (without touching them; Ar. a. Rashi: גרדויי גרדוכ׳, obviously for גררויי גרר, cmp. גיררא, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.). Taan.25a אֲגָרֵי בךוכ׳, v. גִּירָא II. ( 3) to drag (cmp. גרר). Nidd.36b, v. גְּדֵי. Ithpa. אִתְגָּרֵי, Ithpe. אִיגְּרֵי 1) to attack. Targ. Deut. 2:5; a. fr. Targ. 1 Sam. 13:4 (h. text נבאש!). Targ. Ps. 22:8 ed. Lag., v. גְּרַר.Lam. R. to I, 5 מלכוותא מִתְגַּרְיָן בכון kingdoms will attack you; a. e. 2) to be let loose, hurled. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:60; a. e.Y.Peah I, 16a top הא דובא מִתְגַּרְיָא לך that same temptation will be let loose, v. preced. Hithpa. 3) to become impassionate, be hot with sexual passion. Snh.64a דלא מִיגְּרֵי איניש בקרובתיה Ms. M. (ed. איגרו) that one does not fall in love with his nearest kindred. Ab. Zar.22b כיון דמיגרי בה because the animal will show his sexual desire by running after her (and thus betray her sin).Denom. תִּגְרָא.

    Jewish literature > גְּרִי

  • 12 גְּרָא

    גְּרִי, גְּרָאch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְגָּרֶה, Nithpa. נִתְגָּרֶה to be inflamed, jealous; to rival).Pa. גָּרֵי 1) to incite, let loose. Targ. Num. 21:6; a. fr. 2) to let off, drive, thrust. Naz.4b דילמא גָּרוּיֵי ג׳ בהו perhaps he thrust (the jaw bone) at them (without touching them; Ar. a. Rashi: גרדויי גרדוכ׳, obviously for גררויי גרר, cmp. גיררא, v. Koh. Ar. Compl. s. v.). Taan.25a אֲגָרֵי בךוכ׳, v. גִּירָא II. ( 3) to drag (cmp. גרר). Nidd.36b, v. גְּדֵי. Ithpa. אִתְגָּרֵי, Ithpe. אִיגְּרֵי 1) to attack. Targ. Deut. 2:5; a. fr. Targ. 1 Sam. 13:4 (h. text נבאש!). Targ. Ps. 22:8 ed. Lag., v. גְּרַר.Lam. R. to I, 5 מלכוותא מִתְגַּרְיָן בכון kingdoms will attack you; a. e. 2) to be let loose, hurled. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:60; a. e.Y.Peah I, 16a top הא דובא מִתְגַּרְיָא לך that same temptation will be let loose, v. preced. Hithpa. 3) to become impassionate, be hot with sexual passion. Snh.64a דלא מִיגְּרֵי איניש בקרובתיה Ms. M. (ed. איגרו) that one does not fall in love with his nearest kindred. Ab. Zar.22b כיון דמיגרי בה because the animal will show his sexual desire by running after her (and thus betray her sin).Denom. תִּגְרָא.

    Jewish literature > גְּרָא

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