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much-heralded

Толкование Перевод

1 much-heralded

Общая лексика: давно обещанный, заранее разрекламированный

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > much-heralded
2 much-heralded rebellion

Политика: восстание, которое предрекали

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > much-heralded rebellion
3 much-heralded accord

пресловутое единство, хваленое единство

Politics english-russian dictionary > much-heralded accord
4 much-heralded policy

разрекламированная политика

Politics english-russian dictionary > much-heralded policy
5 much-heralded rebellion

восстание, которое предрекали

Politics english-russian dictionary > much-heralded rebellion
6 ♦ much

♦ much /mʌtʃ/
A a. e n. (compar. more, superl. relat. most; pl. many)

molto: much noise, molto rumore; There isn't much wine left, non c'è rimasto molto vino; There isn't much to look at, non c'è molto (o gran che) da guardare; I have stood much, ho sopportato molto (o molte cose) NOTA D'USO: - molto- NOTA D'USO: - much, many o a lot of?-

B avv.

1 molto; assai; di molto; di gran lunga: He doesn't eat much, non mangia molto; DIALOGO → - Discussing books 2- Do you read much?, leggi molto?; I wasn't much surprised, non sono rimasto molto sorpreso; You must walk much faster, devi camminare assai più in fretta; I feel much better today, sto molto meglio oggi; This letter is much the best, questa lettera è di gran lunga la migliore NOTA D'USO: - really o much?-

2 a lungo; molto; per lungo tempo: He hasn't lived here much, non ci abita molto qua

3 spesso: Do you see him much ( o much of him)?, lo vedi spesso?

4 quasi; circa; pressappoco; più o meno: It was ( very) much what I expected, era pressappoco quello che mi aspettavo; much the same, quasi alla pari; simile: The two students are much the same in Latin, i due studenti sono quasi alla pari (o più o meno si equivalgono) in latino

● ( di un prodotto) much-heralded, decantato, pubblicizzato, strombazzato con grande anticipo □ much-maligned, tanto biasimato □ much of a height, quasi della stessa altezza □ much of a size, quasi delle stesse dimensioni; quasi della stessa grandezza □ much to…, con (mio, tuo, ecc.) grande…: much to my surprise, con mia grande sorpresa □ as much again, altrettanto; il doppio ( nel complesso): I want as much again, ne voglio altrettanto; voglio il doppio di quel che ho avuto □ as much as, (tanto)… quanto: Take as much as you like, prendine (tanto) quanto ne vuoi □ how much, quanto: How much are eggs today?, quanto costano (o a quanto stanno) le uova oggi? □ to make (o to think) much of, dare grande importanza a; tenere in grande considerazione □ nothing much, niente d'importante □ so much as, (tanto)… quanto: I don't have so much money as people think, non ho tanto denaro quanto crede la gente □ so much the better, tanto meglio □ so much more that…, tanto più che… □ so much the worse, tanto peggio □ to think much of oneself, essere pieno di sé □ this (o that) much, tanto (così); questo (o quel) tanto: I only want this much, ne voglio solo tanto così; He has only done that much so far, ha fatto soltanto questo finora; è arrivato solo fino a questo punto □ too much, troppo: Don't give him too much money, non dargli troppo denaro □ He isn't much of a skier, come sciatore, non è gran che □ I thought as much!, me l'aspettavo! □ So much for that!, basta così!; chiudiamo l'argomento!
NOTA D'USO: - very much-

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ much
7 herald

1. noun
1) Herold, der

2) (messenger) Bote, der; (fig.): (forerunner) Vorbote, der
2. transitive verb
(lit. or fig.) ankündigen

* * *
['herəld] 1. noun
(formerly, a person who carries and reads important messages and notices (eg from a king): The king sent out heralds to announce the new law.) der Herold
2. verb
(to announce or be a sign of: A sharp wind often heralds a storm.) verkünden

- academic.ru/34501/heraldic">heraldic
- heraldry
* * *

her·ald

[ˈherəld]

I. n

1. (messenger) Bote, Botin m, f, Herold m geh; (newspaper) Bote m

the Times \herald der Times Herald (häufiger Zeitungsname in Amerika)

2. (sign) Vorbote[n] m[pl]

3. ( hist) Herold m hist, fürstlicher Bote und Ausrufer hist

II. vt ( form)

▪ to \herald sth etw ankündigen

to \herald a new era eine neue Ära einläuten

much \heralded viel gepriesen

* * *
['herəld]
1. n

1) (HIST) Herold m; (in newspaper titles) Bote m

2) (fig) (Vor)bote m (geh)

herald of spring — Frühlingsbote m

3) (HER)

College of Heralds — Heroldsamt nt

2. vt
arrival of summer ankündigen, Vorbote(n) sein für
to herald ( in) a new age — den Beginn eines neuen Zeitalters ankündigen

tonight's game is being heralded as the match of the season — das Spiel heute Abend wird als die Begegnung der Saison groß herausgebracht

* * *

herald [ˈherəld]

A s

1. HIST

a) Herold m

b) Wappenherold m

2. fig Verkünder m

3. fig Vorbote m:

the heralds of spring

B v/t

1. verkünden, ankündigen (auch fig)

2. auch herald in

a) feierlich einführen,

b) fig einleiten

* * *
1. noun
1) Herold, der

2) (messenger) Bote, der; (fig.): (forerunner) Vorbote, der
2. transitive verb
(lit. or fig.) ankündigen

* * *

n.

Herold -e m.

Verkünder m.

Vorbote -en m.

Wappenherold m. v.

ankündigen v.

verkünden v.

English-german dictionary > herald
8 accord

1. n
1) согласие, единство

2) соглашение, договоренность

•

to accept an accord — принимать мирное соглашение

to agree an accord — достигать соглашения

to be in accord — сходиться во взглядах; придерживаться единого мнения; соглашаться (с кем-л.)

to be in breach of international accords — нарушать международные соглашения

to bring an accord into being — добиваться соглашения

to broker an accord — быть посредником при заключении соглашения

to come to an accord — приходить к соглашению

to comply with an accord — соблюдать соглашение

to contravene the accords — противоречить соглашениям

to flout the accords — грубо нарушать соглашения

to honor an accord — соблюдать соглашение

to implement an accord — выполнять соглашение

to obey the letter of accord — придерживаться буквы соглашения

to oppose an accord between... — противиться заключению соглашения между...

to police an accord — следить за выполнением соглашения

to reach an accord — достигать соглашения

to re-commit oneself to an accord — подтверждать свои обязательства по соглашению

to set up an accord — быть одним из организаторов соглашения

to sign an accord — подписывать соглашение

to torpedo / to undermine an accord — срывать соглашение

to violate an accord — нарушать соглашение

to wreck an accord — срывать соглашение

- accord has failed
- accord is in jeopardy
- accord is on the rocks
- accord is running into the ground
- accord with smb about smth
- arms control accord
- as envisages by the Geneva accords
- civic accord
- comprehensive accord
- existing accord
- final accord
- ideological accord
- implementation of an accord
- in accord with smth
- in line with accord
- international law accord
- much-heralded accord
- non-binding accord
- partnership accord
- peace accord
- peace-keeping accord
- political accord
- preliminary accord
- social accord
- temporary accord
- tentative accord
- test limitation accord
- the Montreal Accord
- trade accord
- UN brokered accord
- vagueness of accord 2. v
1) предоставлять; оказывать

2) ( with) согласовываться (с чем-л.); соответствовать (чему-л.)

•

to accord a hearty / warm welcome to smb — оказывать кому-л. радушный / теплый прием

to accord privileges — предоставлять привилегии

to accord a right — предоставлять право

to accord with smb's aspirations — отвечать чьим-л. чаяниям

- our information does not accord with his report

Politics english-russian dictionary > accord
9 policy

n

1) политика; политический курс; стратегия; система; ( towards smth) позиция

2) страховой полис

•

to abandon policy — отходить / отказываться от политики

to abide by policy — придерживаться политики

to adhere to policy — придерживаться политики; быть верным какой-л. политике

to administer policy — проводить политику; осуществлять политику

to adopt policy — принимать политику, брать на вооружение политический курс

to advise smb on policy — быть чьим-л. политическим советником

to advocate policy — отстаивать политику

to apply policy — проводить политический курс

to approve policy — одобрять политику

to argue for tougher policy — настаивать на ужесточении политики

to assign smth the status of state policy — возводить что-л. в ранг государственной политики

to back down from policy — отказываться от какой-л. политики

to be adept at foreign policy — быть искушенным в вопросах внешней политики

to be at odds with policy — противоречить какой-л. политике

to be committed to one's policy — быть приверженным своей политике

to be wary about smb's policy — настороженно относиться к чьему-л. политическому курсу

to break away from smb's policy — отходить от чьей-л. политики

to bring one's defense policy closer together — согласовывать свою политику в области обороны

to camouflage one's policy — маскировать свою политику

to carry out / to carry through policy — проводить политику

to champion policy — защищать / отстаивать политику

to change one's policy — менять свою политику

to condemn policy — осуждать политику

to conduct policy — проводить политику

to conflict with smb's policy — противоречить чьей-л. политике

to continue policy — продолжать политику

to coordinate one's policy over smth — координировать свою политику в каком-л. вопросе

to cover up one's policy — маскировать свою политику

to criticize policy — критиковать политику

to decide policy — определять политику, принимать политические решения

to declare policy — объявлять политику

to denounce policy — осуждать политику

to design policy — планировать политику

to determine policy — определять политику

to develop / to devise policy — разрабатывать политику

to direct policy — руководить политикой

to discredit policy — дискредитировать политику

to dismantle one's policy — отказываться от своей политики

to disrupt policy — срывать политику

to dissociate oneself from smb's policy — отмежевываться от чьей-л. политики

to dither about one's policy — колебаться при проведении своей политики

to dump policy — отказываться от политики

to effect policy — осуществлять политику

to effect a policy of insurance — страховаться; приобретать страховой полис

to elaborate policy — вырабатывать политику

to embark on / to embrace policy — принимать какой-л. политический курс

to employ policy — применять политику

to end policy — прекращать политику

to endanger policy — ставить под угрозу политику

to endorse policy — одобрять политику

to establish policy — устанавливать политику

to examine policy — рассматривать политику

to execute / to exercise policy — проводить политику

to explain policy — разъяснять политику

to expound policy — излагать политику

to express policy — высказывать политические взгляды

to follow policy — следовать политике; проводить политику

to forge policy — вырабатывать политику

to formulate policy — определять политику

to frame policy — вырабатывать политику

to give up policy — отказываться от политики

to guide policy — направлять политику

to halt smb's policy — останавливать чью-л. политику

to harden one's policy — ужесточать свою политику / позицию

to harmonize policy — координировать / согласовывать политику

to hold to policy — придерживаться политики

to implement policy — проводить политику

to initiate policy — положить начало политике

to institutionalize policy — законодательно закреплять политику

to interfere in policy — вмешиваться в политику

to introduce policy — вводить политику

to investigate policy — расследовать политику

to justify one's policy — оправдывать свою политику

to keep policy — сохранять политику неизменной

to keep policy going — продолжать политику

to launch policy — начинать проведение политики

to lay policy before the electorate for approval — излагать политический курс для его одобрения избирателями

to lay down policy — устанавливать политический курс

to lose control of policy — утрачивать контроль над политикой

to maintain policy — продолжать политику

to make policy — быть творцом политики

to make a U-turn in policy — делать поворот на 180 градусов в политике

to make clear one's policy — разъяснять свою политику

to make defense policy — заниматься вопросами обороны

to make one's own policy — принимать самостоятельные политические решения

to map out policy — намечать политический курс

to moderate policy — делать политику более умеренной

to modify policy — изменять политику

to outline policy — намечать политический курс

to overturn policy — отвергать политику, отказываться от какой-л. политики

to present policy — излагать политику

to proclaim one's commitment to policy — публично обязываться проводить какую-л. политику

to profess policy — заявлять о политике

to promote the reform policy — способствовать успеху политики реформ

to propagate policy — пропагандировать / рекламировать политику

to pursue policy — проводить политику

to put across smb's policy to smb — доводить свою политику до кого-л.

to put forward policy — выдвигать политический курс

to put one's policy into practice — осуществлять свою политику

to question policy — подвергать сомнению политику

to railroad through one's policy — протаскивать свою политику

to reappraise one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reassess one's policy toward a country — пересматривать свою политику по отношению к какой-л. стране

to reconsider one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reform policy — перестраивать политику

to reject policy — отвергать политику

to relax one's policy towards smb — смягчать свою политику по отношению к кому-л.

to rethink one's policy — пересматривать свою политику

to reveal policy (of) — разоблачать политику

to reverse one's policy — изменять свою политику

to review policy — 1) делать обзор политики 2) пересматривать политику

to rewrite policy — изменять политику

to set out policy — излагать политику

to shape policy — определять / разрабатывать политику

to signal a change in foreign policy — свидетельствовать об изменении внешней политики

to spearhead one's policy — направлять острие своей политики

to spell out one's policy in advance — заранее излагать свою политику

to stick to a policy — придерживаться какой-л. политики

to support policy — поддерживать политику

to test policy — проверять политику

to thrash out policy — вырабатывать / обсуждать политику

to tighten monetary policy — вводить более строгие правила в финансовой политике

to tone down one's more controversial policy — ограничивать свои менее популярные политические меры

to validate policy — поддерживать какую-л. политику / политическую линию

to violate policy — отступать от политики

to work out policy — разрабатывать политику

- about-turn in policy
- active policy
- adventurist policy
- adventuristic policy
- advocacy of policy
- advocate of policy
- aggressive policy
- agrarian policy
- agricultural policy
- alternative policy
- annexationist policy
- anti-inflationary policy
- anti-national policy
- anti-nuclear policy
- anti-recessionary policy
- appropriate policy
- architect of policy
- arms policy
- austere policy
- austerity policy
- autonomous policy
- balanced policy
- banking policy
- bankrupt policy
- basic policy
- beggar-my-neighbor policy
- bellicose policy
- big stick policy
- big-time policy
- bipartisan policy
- blind-eye policy
- bloc policy
- bomb-in-the-basement policy
- breach of policy
- bridge-building policy
- brinkmanship policy
- brink-of-war policy
- broad-brush policy
- budget policy
- cadres policy
- carrot and stick policy
- cautious policy
- centrist policy
- champion of policy
- change in policy
- change of emphasis in policy
- change of policy
- circumspect policy
- class policy
- clean-air policy
- closed-door trade policy
- coherent policy
- cold war policy
- colonial policy
- colonialist policy
- commercial policy
- commitment to policy of nonintervention
- common policy
- comprehensive national science and technology policy
- comprehensive set of policy
- concerted policy
- conduct of policy
- confrontation policy
- consistent policy
- containment policy
- continuity in policy
- continuity of policy
- continuity with smb's policy
- controversial policy
- coordinated policy
- cornerstone of policy
- counterproductive policy
- country's fundamental policy
- credible policy
- credit card policy
- credit policy
- crumbling policy
- cultural policy
- current policy
- damaging policy
- defeatist policy
- defense policy
- deflationary policy
- demilitarization policy
- democratic policy
- departure in policy
- destabilization policy
- deterrent policy
- development policy
- diametrically opposed policy
- dilatory policy
- diplomatic policy
- disarmament policy
- discretionary policy
- discriminatory policy
- disinflation policy
- distortion of policy
- divide-and-rule policy
- domestic policy
- dynamic policy
- economic and commercial policy
- economic policy
- embargo policy
- emigration policy
- emission policy
- employment policy
- energy policy
- environmental policy
- erroneous policy
- European policy
- even-handed policy
- expansionary policy
- expansionist policy
- experience of policy
- extreme right-wing policy
- fair policy
- farm policy
- far-reaching policy
- far-sighted policy
- federal policy
- financial policy
- firm policy
- fiscal policy
- flexible policy
- for reasons of policy
- foreign aid policy
- foreign policy
- foreign trade policy
- foreign-economic policy
- formation of foreign policy
- formulation of policy
- forward-looking policy
- framework for policy
- free trade policy
- general policy
- generous policy
- give-and-take policy
- global policy
- godfather to policy
- good neighbor policy
- government policy
- government's policy
- great-power policy
- green policy
- gunboat policy
- hands-off policy
- hard-line policy
- harmful policy
- harmonized policy
- health policy
- hegemonic policy
- high-risk policy
- home policy
- ill-thought-out policy
- imperial policy
- imperialist policy
- import policy
- import substitution policy
- in line with policy
- in the field of foreign policy
- inadmissibility of policy
- independent line of policy
- independent policy
- industrial policy
- inflationary policy
- inhuman policy
- instigatory policy
- insurance policy
- internal policy
- international policy
- internment policy
- interventionist policy
- intolerableness of policy
- investment policy
- iron-fist policy
- irreversible policy
- it's against our policy
- kid-glove policy
- labor mediation policy
- laissez-faire policy
- land policy
- language policy
- leash-loosening policy
- left-wing policy
- lending policy
- liberal policy
- liberalization of policy
- liberalized policy
- line of policy
- long-range policy
- long-term policy
- lunatic policy
- main plank of smb's policy
- major changes to policy
- manifestation of policy
- maritime policy
- marketing policy
- massive condemnation of smb's policy
- militaristic policy
- misconduct of policy
- mobile policy
- moderate policy
- monetarist policy
- monetary policy
- much-heralded policy
- mushy policy
- national policy
- nationalistic policy
- nationalities policy
- native policy
- nativist policy
- neo-colonialist policy
- NEP
- neutral policy
- neutrality policy
- New Economic Policy
- news policy
- nonaligned policy
- nonalignment policy
- noninterference policy
- nonintervention policy
- nonnuclear policy
- nuclear defense policy
- nuclear deterrent policy
- nuclear policy
- nuclear-free policy
- obstructionist policy
- official policy
- official trade policy
- oil policy
- old faces can't make new policy
- one-child-family policy
- one-sided policy
- open-door policy
- openly pursued policy
- opportunistic policy
- optimal policy
- ostrich policy
- ostrich-like policy
- outward-looking policy
- overall policy
- overtly racist policy
- parliamentary policy
- party policy
- passive policy
- pay-curb policy
- peace policy
- peaceful policy
- peace-loving policy
- personnel policy
- plunderous policy
- policy from positions of strength
- policy from strength
- policy in science and technology
- policy is bearing fruit
- policy is constitutional
- policy of a newspaper
- policy of aid
- policy of alliances
- policy of amicable cooperation with smb
- policy of appeasement
- policy of belt-tightening
- policy of capitulation
- policy of compromise
- policy of conciliation
- policy of confrontation
- policy of connivance
- policy of containment
- policy of cooperation
- policy of democracy and social progress
- policy of détente
- policy of deterrence
- policy of dictate
- policy of discrimination
- policy of economic blockade and sanctions
- policy of economy
- policy of elimination
- policy of expansion and annexation
- policy of fiscal rigor
- policy of freedom of expression
- policy of friendship
- policy of genocide
- policy of good-neighborliness
- policy of goodwill
- policy of inaction
- policy of intervention
- policy of intimidation
- policy of isolation
- policy of militarism
- policy of militarization
- policy of military confrontation
- policy of military force
- policy of national reconciliation
- policy of neutrality
- policy of nonalignment
- policy of noninterference
- policy of nonintervention
- policy of nonviolence
- policy of obstruction
- policy of openness
- policy of pacification
- policy of peace
- policy of peaceful co-existence
- policy of plunder
- policy of protectionism
- policy of racial segregation and discrimination
- policy of reconciliation
- policy of reform
- policy of reforms
- policy of regulating prices
- policy of renewal
- policy of restraint
- policy of revanche
- policy of revenge
- policy of subjugation
- policy of violence
- policy of wage restraint
- policy of war
- policy towards a country
- policy vis-à-vis a country
- policy with regard to a country
- policy won out
- political policy
- population policy
- position-of-strength policy
- practical policy
- predatory policy
- price control policy
- price-formation policy
- price-pricing policy
- pricing policy
- principled policy
- progressive policy
- proponent of policy
- protagonist of policy
- protectionist policy
- pro-war policy
- pro-Western policy
- public policy
- push-and-drag policy
- racial policy
- racist policy
- radical policy
- rapacious policy
- reactionary policy
- realistic policy
- reappraisal of policy
- reassessment of policy
- recession-induced policy
- reevaluation of policy
- reexamination of policy
- reform policy
- reformist policy
- regional policy
- renewal of policy
- re-orientation of policy
- repressive policy
- resettlement policy
- rethink of policy
- retrograde policy
- revanchist policy
- reversal of policy

- revision of policy
- revisionist policy
- rigid economic policy
- robust foreign policy
- ruinous policy
- safe policy
- sanctions policy
- scientifically substantiated policy
- scorched-earth policy
- selfless policy
- separatist policy
- shift in policy

- shoot-to-kill anti-terrorist policy
- short-sighted policy
- single-child policy
- social policy
- socio-economic policy
- sound policy
- splitting policy
- state policy
- state remuneration of labor policy
- stated policy
- staunch policy
- sterile policy
- stick-and-carrot policy
- stringent policy
- strong policy
- structural policy
- suitable policy
- sustained policy
- sweeping review of policy
- switch in policy
- tariff policy
- tax policy
- taxation policy
- technological policy
- tight policy
- tightening of policy
- time-serving policy
- tough policy
- toughening of policy
- trade policy
- trade-unionist policy
- traditional policy
- treacherous policy
- turn in policy
- turning point in policy
- unified policy
- united policy
- unsophisticated policy
- U-turn in policy
- viability of policy
- vigorous policy
- vote-losing policy
- wage policy
- wage-freeze policy
- wages policy
- wait-and-see policy
- war-economy policy
- wealth-creating policy
- whip-and-carrot policy
- wise policy
- world policy
- zigzags in policy

Politics english-russian dictionary > policy
10 rebellion

n

восстание; мятеж, бунт

to be in open rebellion against smb — открыто восставать против кого-л.

to bring the rebellion under control — подавлять восстание

to crush rebellion — подавлять восстание / мятеж

to foment rebellion — подстрекать к восстанию / к мятежу

to go into open rebellion — начинать вооруженное восстание

to incite rebellion — подстрекать к восстанию / к мятежу

to join in the rebellion — присоединяться к восставшим

to lead a military rebellion — возглавлять военный мятеж

to plot a rebellion — готовить восстание

to put down / to quash / to quell rebellion — подавлять восстание / мятеж

to spark off a rebellion — служить толчком к восстанию

to stamp out / to still / to suppress rebellion — подавлять восстание / мятеж

to stir up rebellion — подстрекать к восстанию / к мятежу

to sustain a rebellion — поддерживать восстание / мятеж

to wipe out a rebellion — подавлять восстание / мятеж

to work up a rebellion — подстрекать к восстанию / к мятежу

- act of political rebellion
- aftermath of a rebellion
- armed rebellion
- counterrevolutionary rebellion
- hunger is the driving force behind the rebellion
- incipient rebellion
- military rebellion
- much-heralded rebellion
- protracted period of rebellion
- ringleader of a rebellion
- short-lived rebellion

Politics english-russian dictionary > rebellion
11 herald

her·ald [ʼherəld] n

1) ( messenger) Bote, -in m, f, Herold m ( geh) ( newspaper) Bote m;

the Times H\herald der Times Herald

2) ( sign) Vorbote[n] m[pl]

3) (hist) Herold m hist, fürstlicher Bote und Ausrufer hist vt ( form);

to \herald sth etw ankündigen;

to \herald a new era eine neue Ära einläuten;

much \heralded viel gepriesen

English-German students dictionary > herald
12 herald

herald

A n

1 lit héraut m ; herald-at-arms héraut d'armes ;

2 fig signe m avant-coureur ; the Sixties, herald of a new era les années soixante, qui marquent le début d'une époque.

B vtr ( also herald in) annoncer, proclamer ; much heralded tant annoncé.

Big English-French dictionary > herald
13 Carothers, Wallace Hume

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology, Synthetic materials, Textiles

[br]

b. 27 April 1896 Burlington, Iowa, USA

d. 29 April 1937 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

[br]

American chemist, inventor of nylon.

[br]

After graduating in chemistry, Carothers embarked on academic research at several universities, finally at Harvard University. His earliest published papers, from 1923, heralded the brilliance and originality of his later work. In 1928, Du Pont de Nemours persuaded him to forsake the academic world to lead their new organic-chemistry group in a programme of fundamental research at their central laboratories at Wilmington, Delaware. The next nine years were extraordinarily productive, yielding important contributions to theoretical organic chemistry and the foundation of two branches of chemical industry, namely the production of synthetic rubber and of wholly synthetic fibres.

Carothers began work on high molecular weight substances yielding fibres and introduced polymerization by condensation: polymerization by addition was already known. He developed a clear understanding of the relation between the repeating structural units in a large molecule and its physical chemical properties. In 1931, Carothers found that chloroprene could be polymerized much faster than isoprene, the monomer in natural rubber. This process yielded polychloroprene or neoprene, a synthetic rubber with improved properties. Manufacture began the following year, and the material has continued to be used for speciality rubbers.

There followed many publications announcing new condensations polymers. On 2 January 1935, he obtained a patent for the formation of new polyamides, including one from adipic acid and hexamethylenediamene. After four years of development work, which cost Du Pont some $27 million, this new polyamide, or nylon, reached the stage of commercial production, beginning on 23 October 1938. Nylon stockings appeared the following year and 64 million were sold during the first twelve months. However, Carothers saw none of this spectacular success: he had died by his own hand in 1937, after a long history of gradually intensifying depression.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Elected to the National Academy of Science 1936 (he was the first industrial organic chemist to be so honoured).

Bibliography

H.M.Whitby and G.S.Whitby, 1940, Collected Papers of Wallace H.Carothers on Polymerisation, New York.

Further Reading

R.Adams, 1939, memoir, Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences 20:293–309 (includes a complete list of Carothers's sixty-two scientific papers and most of his sixty-nine US patents).

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Carothers, Wallace Hume

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