moveri

in-cĭtus, a, um, adj., set in rapid motion, rapid, swift, violent ( poet.):

venti vis,

Lucr. 1, 271:

inciti atque alacres Delphini, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 35, 89: hasta,

Verg. A. 12, 492:

silex,

Sil. 1, 491:

longis Porticibus conjux fugit,

Val. Fl. 1, 728.

incĭtus, a, um, adj. [2. in-citus, unmoved; hence], of a chessman that cannot be moved, immovable:

(calculi) qui moveri omnino non possunt, incitos dicunt. Unde et egentes homines inciti vocantur, quibus spes ultra procedendi nulla restat,

Isid. Orig. 18, 67.—As substt.

incĭtae, ārum (sc. calces), f., and

incĭta, ōrum, n. Used only in the ante- and post-class. authors in the transf. phrase, ad incita or ad incitas aliquem redigere, deducere, redire, etc., to bring to a stand-still, reduce to extremity: Sy. Profecto ad incitas lenonem rediget, si eas abduxerit. Mi. Quin prius disperibit faxo, quam unam calcem civerit, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 85:

ut ad incitast redactus,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 136 Brix: vilicum corrupit, ad incita redegit, Lucil. ap. Non. 123, 27:

illud ad incita cum redit atque internecionem,

id. ib. 25:

Epirotae ad incitas intolerandi tributi mole depressi,

Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Jul. 9.

incĭtus, ūs, m. [in-cieo], quick motion:

adsiduo mundi incitu,

Plin. 2, 45, 45, § 116.

in-dispŏsĭtus, a, um, adj., without order, confused (post-Aug. and very rare):

apud Vitellium omnia indisposita, temulenta, etc.,

Tac. H. 2, 68.—

Of persons, unprepared, August. Ep. 59.—

* Adv.: in-dispŏsĭtē, without order, confusedly:

moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

immŏdĕrātus ( inm-), a, um, adj. [in-moderatus], without measure, measureless, immeasurable.

Lit. (only poet.): vides sublime, fusum, immoderatum aethera, unbounded (= immensum), Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 25, 65; Lucr. 1, 1013.—

Trop., unrestrained, unbridled, excessive, immoderate (freq. and class.):

ipsum illum Aristotelis discipulum, superbum, crudelem, immoderatum fuisse,

Cic. Att. 13, 28, 3:

homo et turbulentus,

id. Phil. 10, 11, 23:

mulier,

id. Cael. 21, 53:

immensae cupiditates, infinitae et immoderatae sunt,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34:

intemperantia,

Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 39:

quippe duos pro uno dominos acceptos, inmoderata, infinita potestate,

Liv. 3, 9, 4:

res immoderata cupido est,

Ov. P. 4, 15, 31:

motus animi, cum immoderatiores sunt, vitia fiunt,

Gell. 19, 12, 4:

immoderatissimae luxuriae esse,

Suet. Ner. 51:

immoderato potu et pastu pars animi obstupefacta,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60:

ne immoderata aut angusta sit oratio,

id. Or. 58, 198: vox immoderatior, Cael. ap. Quint. 11, 1, 51: tam immoderatae linguae fuit, unbridled, Suet. Vit. Luc.:

tempestates,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45, 131.—Hence, adv.: immŏdĕrātē.

Lit.: without measure or rule:

moveri immoderate et fortuitu,

Cic. Univ. 13:

vox immoderate profusa,

id. N. D. 2, 59, 149:

effunditur spiritus,

Quint. 11, 3, 63.—

Trop., immoderately, extravagantly:

vivere,

Cic. Univ. 12:

jactari,

id. Div. 1, 29, 60:

abuti nostra facilitate,

id. Fam. 12, 1, 2.— Comp.:

ferre casum incommodorum tuorum,

Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 5.— Sup.:

laetari,

Spart. Sev. 20.

ipse ( ipsus, Cato, R. R. 70; 71; Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 43; id. Trin. 2, 2, 40; 3, 1, 10 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 15; id. Eun. 3, 4, 8, id. Hec. 3, 5, 5; Jusjur. Milit. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4 al.), a, um (ipsud, Gloss. Philox.); gen. ipsīus ( poet. also ipsĭus, Cat. 64, 43; Verg. A. 1, 114; 2, 772 al.; and dissyl. Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 15; id. Phorm. 4, 5, 13: ipsi, Afran. ap. Prisc. 694); dat. ipsi (ipso, App. M. 10, p. 243, 24); pron. demonstr. [is - pse for pte; cf. sua-pte and -pote in ut-pote; root in potis; Sanscr. patis, lord, master; hence, = he, the master, himself, etc.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 866 sq.; Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 116. Hence, in the original form, the pronoun is was declined, while the suffix was unchanged; thus eopte = eo ipso, Paul. ex Fest. p. 110:

eapse = ea ipsa,

id. p. 77; nom. sing. eapse, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4; id. Cist. 1, 2, 17; id. Rud. 2, 3, 80; 2, 5, 21 al.; acc. eumpse, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

eampse,

Plaut. Aul. 5, 7; id. Cist. 1, 3, 22; id. Men. 5, 2, 22 al.; abl. eopse, Plaut. Curc, 4, 3, 6:

eāpse,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 132; id. Curc. 4, 3, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 197 sq.], = autos, self, in person, he (emphatic), himself, herself, itself, used both substantively and adjectively, to denote that person (thing) of which something is eminently or exclusively predicated.

In gen.

With substt. or pronn.

Expressing eminence or distinction:

ipse ille Gorgias... in illo ipso Platonis libro,

Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129:

ille ipse Marcellus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:

natura ipsa,

id. Brut. 29, 112:

dicet pro me ipsa virtus,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

ipsa res publica,

id. Fam. 3, 11, 3:

neque enim ipse Caesar est alienus a nobis,

id. ib. 6, 10, 2:

ipse Moeris,

Verg. E. 8, 96:

rex ipse Aeneas,

id. A. 1, 575:

ipse aries,

id. E. 3, 95:

ductores ipsi,

id. A. 1, 189:

si in ipsa arce habitarem,

Liv. 2, 7, 10;

esp. freq. with names of gods, etc.: naturas quas Juppiter ipse Addidit,

Verg. G. 4, 149; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 1, 16, 12:

Pater ipse,

Verg. G. 1, 121; Tib. 1, 4, 23:

Venus ipsa,

Hor. C. 2, 8, 13; Ov. H. 19, 159:

ipse pater Pluton,

Verg. A. 7, 327 et saep.—Prov.:

audentes deus ipse juvat,

Ov. M. 10, 586.—

For emphasis or in contrast, very, just, precisely, self, in person:

adest optime ipse frater,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66:

in orationibus hisce ipsis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 73:

ea ipsa hora,

id. Fam. 7, 23, 4:

nec carmina nobis Ipsa placent: ipsae rursus concedite silvae,

Verg. E. 10, 63:

tute ipse his rebus finem praescripsti,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 124:

lepide ipsi hi sunt capti,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 91:

ego enim ipse cum eodem isto non invitus erraverim,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

ipse ille divinationis auctor,

id. Div. 2, 28, 61:

cariorem esse patriam quam nosmet ipsos,

id. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

eaque ipsa causa belli fuit,

the very, the true cause, Liv. 1, 57, 1; esp. with is, in all persons and numbers:

estne hic Philto? Is hercle'st ipsus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 31:

cui tutor is fuerat ipse,

Liv. 5, 33, 3:

jam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi,

even, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93 (Madv.); id. de Or. 2, 30, 132:

tempus ad id ipsum congruere,

Liv. 1, 5, 5:

duum vir ad id ipsum creatus,

id. 2, 42, 5:

Tullius et eos ipsos et per eos multitudinem aliam deduxit,

id. 2, 38, 1:

eorum ipsorum facta (opp. loca in quibus, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

nec vero clarorum virorum post mortem honores permanerent, si nihil eorum ipsorum animi efficerent,

id. de Sen. 22, 80:

ad eum ipsum honorem deferre,

Liv. 3, 51, 3; so sometimes with an inf. or subst.-clause:

ipsum dicere ineptum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 112:

quid juvat quod ante initum tribunatum veni, si ipsum, quod veni, nihil juvat?

the mere fact, the fact alone, id. Att. 11, 9, 1:

ipsum, quod habuisti,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 12, 2:

et ipsum, quod sum victus, ama,

Luc. 8, 78.— Esp. in legal phrase: ipso jure, by the letter of the law, in legal strictness or precision, Gai Inst. 2, 198; 3, 181; 4, 106 sqq. et saep.—

Alone, emphatically taking the place of an omitted person. or demonstr. pron.: Ar. Ubi is nunc est? He. Ubi ego minume atque ipsus se volt maxume, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 1, 10: Su. Is ipsusne's? Ch. Aio: Su. Ipsus es? id. Trin. 4, 2, 146:

atque ipsis, ad quorum commodum pertinebat, durior inventus est Coelius,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:

quaeram ex ipsā,

Cic. Cael. 14:

tempus, quo ipse eos sustulisset, ad id ipsum congruere,

Liv. 1, 5, 5:

agrum dare immunem ipsi, qui accepisset, liberisque,

id. 21, 45, 5; 9, 34, 18; 10, [p. 999] 6, 10:

laeta et ipsis qui rem gessere expugnatio fuit,

id. 28, 4, 1:

a nobis exposita, ut ab ipsis, qui eam disciplinam probant,

Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 13.—So freq. in Cic. before a rel.:

ut de ipso, qui judicarit, judicium fieri videretur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 44, 82:

ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, ad nos deferunt,

id. de Or. 1, 58, 250; 2, 14, 60; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 13; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

nullis definitionibus utuntur, ipsique dicunt ea se modo probare, quibus natura tacita assentiatur,

Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40 Madv. —

To make prominent one of two or more subjects of any predicate, he ( she, il), for his part, he too, also, as well.

Ipse alone:

litterae Metello Capuam adlatae sunt a Clodia, quae ipsa transiit,

i. e. also, in person, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3:

Italiam ornare quam domum suam maluit: quamquam Italia ornata domus ipsa mihi videtur ornatior,

id. Off. 2, 22, 76:

tris ipse excitavit recitatores,

he too, id. Clu. 51, 141:

neque tanti timoris sum ut ipse deficiam,

Caes. B. C. 2, 31, 8:

Jugurtha, tametsi regem ficta locutum intellegebat, et ipse longe aliter animo agitabat,

Sall. J. 11, 1:

hoc Rhipeus, hoc ipse Dymas omnisque juventus Laeta facit,

Verg. A. 2, 394.—

With conjunctions.

With etiam (class.):

ipse etiam Fufidius in numero fuit,

Cic. Brut. 29, 112: scribebat orationes quas alii dicerent: quamquam is etiam ipse scripsit eas, quibus pro se est usus, sed non sine Aelio;

his enim scriptis etiam ipse interfui,

id. ib. 56, 206 sq. —

With quoque:

quippe quia plebs senatus consultum solvit, ipsi quoque solutum vultis,

Liv. 3, 21, 4:

consul, quia collegae decretum triumphum audivit, ipse quoque triumphi flagitator Romam rediit,

id. 8, 12, 9:

cum subito Sulpicius et Albinovanus objecissent catervas, ipse quoque (Sulla) jaculatus, etc.,

Flor. 3, 21, 7.—

With et (et ipse = kai autos, ipse etiam; rare in Cic.; cf.

Zumpt, Gram. § 698): tamen et ipsi tuae familiae genere et nomine continebuntur,

Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

deseret eos quos una scis esse, cum habeat praesertim et ipse cohortis triginta?

id. Att. 8, 7, 1; id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

Cornelius dictatorem Aemilium dixit, et ipse ab eo magister equitum est dictus,

Liv. 4, 31, 5:

credo ego vos, socii, et ipsos cernere,

id. 21, 21, 3:

Cornelio minus copiarum datum, quia L. Manlius praetor et ipse cum praesidio in Galliam mittebatur,

id. 21, 17, 7:

qui et ipse crus fregerat,

Suet. Aug. 43:

Antoninus Commodus nihil paternum habuit, nisi quod contra Germanos feliciter et ipse pugnavit,

Eutr. 8, 7:

virtutes et ipsae taedium pariunt,

Quint. 9, 4, 43. —

With nec ( = ne ipse quidem):

primis repulsis Maharbal cum majore robore virorum missus nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,

Liv. 23, 18, 4:

nihil moveri viderunt, nec ipsi quicquam mutarunt,

id. 37, 20, 8:

neque ipsi,

id. 30, 42, 7: crimina non quidem nec ipsa mediocria;

sed quid ista sunt prae iis, etc.,

id. 34, 32, 9.

Esp.

By way of eminence, ipse is used to indicate the chief person, host, master, teacher, etc.:

ipsa, the mistress, etc.: ipsus tristis,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 23:

ipsum praesto video,

id. ib. 2, 5, 3:

ego eo quo me ipsa misit,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 10:

suam norat ipsam tam bene, quam puella matrem,

Cat. 3, 7 (Müll., ipsa); cf.:

Pythagorei respondere solebant, ipse dixit,

i. e. Pythagoras, Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 10; cf.:

nec hoc oratori contingere inter adversarios quod Pythagorae inter discipulos potest ipse dixit,

Quint. 11, 1, 27:

cum veniat lectica Mathonis plena ipso,

the great man, Juv. 1, 33:

anseris ante ipsum jecur,

before the host, id. 5, 114.—

Of or by one ' s self, of one ' s own accord = suā sponte, ultro:

videar non ipse promisisse (opp. to fortuito),

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

de manibus delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

valvae clausae se ipsae aperuerunt,

id. Div. 1, 37, 74:

ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae Ubera,

Verg. E. 4, 21:

ipsi potum venient juvenci,

id. ib. 7, 11; cf.:

aliae ipsae Sponte sua veniunt,

id. G. 2, 10:

fruges sponte sua (tellus) primum ipsa creavit,

Lucr. 2, 11, 58; and autai for automatoi, Theocr. Idyll. 11, 12.—

Himself exclusively.

By or in one ' s self, alone:

haec ipse suo tristi cum corde volutat,

Verg. A. 6, 185:

his actis, aliud genitor secum ipse volutat,

id. ib. 12, 843: tempus secum ipsa Exigit, id. ib. 4, 475:

quam facile exercitu soclos conservaturus sit, qui ipso nomine ac rumore defenderit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 45:

multa secum ipse volvens,

Sall. C. 32, 1:

aestimando ipse secum,

Liv. 25, 23, 11.—

In one ' s self, for one ' s own sake:

ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amare,

Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48.—

Of one ' s self, of one ' s own nature, etc.:

erat ipse immani acerbāque naturā Oppianicus,

Cic. Clu. 15, 44:

duo imperatores, ipsi pares, ceterum opibus disparibus,

Sall. J. 52, 1:

natura serpentium, ipsa perniciosa, siti accenditur,

id. ib. 89, 5.—

With advv. of time.

Nunc ipsum, just now, at this very time:

nunc ipsum exurit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 16:

nunc ipsum non dubitabo rem tantam adicere,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2; 8, 9, 2:

nunc tamen ipsum sine te esse non possum,

id. ib. 12, 16. —

Tum ipsum, just then, at that very time:

id, quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:

ratio largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum ad facultates accommodanda est,

id. Off. 2, 17, 60:

et tum ipsum, cum immolare velis, extorum fieri mutatio potest,

id. Div. 1, 52, 118; cf. id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv.—

With numerals, just, exactly, precisely (opp. fere):

triginta dies erant ipsi, cum, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 21 init.:

ipsas undecim esse legiones,

id. Fam. 6, 18, 2:

nam cum dixisset minus 1000 (sc. milia), populus cum risu acclamavit, ipsa esse,

id. Caecin. 10, 28; cf. id. Brut. 15, 61; 43, 162:

ipso vigesimo anno,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25. —

In reflexive uses,

Ipse strengthens the subject when opposed in thought to other agents; the object, when opposed to other objects; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696; Kennedy, Gram. § 67, 3; Madv. Gram. § 487, 6. — Hence,

With subject.

In gen.:

non egeo medicina (i. e. ut alii me consolentur), me ipse consolor,

Cic. Lael. 3, 10:

Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

neque potest exercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipse non continet,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 38:

Artaxerxes se ipse reprehendit,

Nep. Dat. 5:

ipsa se virtus satis ostendit,

Sall. J. 85; cf.:

deponendo tutelam ipse in se unum omnium vires convertit,

Liv. 24, 4, 9:

deforme etiam est de se ipsum praedicare,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137.—

With special emphasis, ipse is joined to the subject to indicate its relation to itself as both subject and object, though the antithesis would suggest another case (Cic.):

cum iste sic erat humilis atque demissus, ut non modo populo Romano, sed etiam sibi ipse condemnatus videretur,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

si quis ipse sibi inimicus est,

id. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

qui ipsi sibi bellum indixissent,

id. ib. 5, 10, 29:

quoniam se ipsi omnes natura diligant,

id. ib. 3, 18, 59:

nam si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,

id. de Or. 2, 2, 8.—

With object:

neque vero ipsam amicitiam tueri (possumus), nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

omne animal se ipsum diligit,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

fac ut diligentissime te ipsum custodias,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 8:

Pompeianus miles fratrem suum, dein se ipsum interfecit,

Tac. H. 3, 51:

Lentulum, quem mihi ipsi antepono,

Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 5.—

Ipse defines the subject of a reflexive pronoun:

natura movet infantem, sed tantum ut se ipse diligat (where ipse shows that se refers to infantem),

Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 33: proinde consulant sibi ipsi;

jubeant abire se,

Just. 16, 4, 15:

neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

Nep. Paus. 4:

in portis murisque sibimet ipsos tecta coëgerat aedificare,

Liv. 27, 3, 2 (cf. 1. a. supra).—

Ipse stands for the reflexive pronoun,

Where the person or thing referred to is to be emphatically distinguished from others (class.):

cum omnes se expetendos putent, nec id ob aliam rem, sed propter ipsos, necesse est ejus etiam partes propter se expeti, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46:

quis umquam consul senatum ipsius decretis parere prohibuit?

id. Sest. 14, 32:

quos, quidquid ipsis expediat, facturos arbitrabimur,

id. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

qui negant se recusare, quo minus, ipsis mortuis, terrarum deflagratio consequatur,

id. ib. 3, 19, 64:

nec quid ipsius natura sit intellegit,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24.—

In a subordinate clause, to point out either the subject of the principal clause, or the chief agent or speaker;

esp. where se or sibi is already applied to the subject of the subordinate clause: ne ob eam rem aut suae magnopere virtuti tribueret aut ipsos despiceret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5:

legatos ad consulem mittit, qui tantum modo ipsi liberisque vitam peterent,

Sall. J. 16, 2; cf.:

ipsis mortuis,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

supra nihil, quantum in ipso est, praetermittere quo minus, etc.,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 56:

ipsius,

id. ib. 2, 22, 55:

nihil umquam audivi... nihil de re publica gravius, nihil de ipso modestius, i. e. de ipso dicente,

id. Balb. 1, 2: id quod ipsum adjuvat (i. e. dicentem;

opp. id quod adversario prodest),

id. Inv. 1, 21, 30.—

In gen., for an emphatic se or sibi (mostly post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40):

nam ipsis certum esse, etc.,

Liv. 35, 46, 13:

pravitas consulum discordiaque inter ipsos,

id. 4, 26, 6:

inexperta remedia haud injuria ipsis esse suspecta,

Curt. 3, 5, 15:

Graecis nuntiare jubet, ipsum quidem gratias agere, etc.,

id. 3, 8, 7:

dixit, ab illo deo ipsos genus ducere,

id. 4, 2, 3:

a quibus nec acceperunt injuriam nec accepisse ipsos existimant, Sen. de Ira, 2, 5, 1: intemperantiam in morbo suam experti parere ipsis vetant,

id. ib. 3, 13, 5:

sciunt ipsos omnia habere communia,

id. Ep. 6, 3; 22, 10 et saep.; cf.:

verum est etiam iis, qui aliquando futuri sint, esse propter ipsos consulendum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64.—

Ipse stands in free constr. with abl. absol. as with finite verb (cf. also quisque;

only freq. in Liv. and post-Aug. writers): cum dies venit, causa ipse pro se dicta, quindecim milibus aeris damnatur,

Liv. 4, 44, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Romani imperatores, junctis et ipsi exercitibus... ad sedem hostium pervenere,

id. 29, 2, 2:

C. Popilius, dimissis et ipse Atticis navibus... pergit,

id. 45, 10, 2; cf.:

Catilina et Autronius parabant consules interficere, ipsi fascibus conreptis Pisonem cum exercitu mittere,

Sall. C. 18, 5:

amisso et ipse Pacoro,

Tac. G. 37; cf. also the emphatic use of ipse (like quisque) with abl. of gerund (freq. in Liv.):

adsentando indignandoque et ipse,

Liv. 40, 23, 1:

cogendo ipse,

id. 39, 49, 3:

agendo ipse,

id. 41, 24, 2:

aestimando ipse secum,

id. 25, 23, 11 et saep.

Am. prol. 102:

ipsimet nobis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

ipsemet profugiam,

Sen. Ep. 117, 21; also Front. Aq. 74 ex conj.— Sup.: Com. Ergo ipsusne es? Charm. Ipsissumus, his own very self, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 146; cf. Gr. autotatos, Aristoph. Plut. 83; so,

ipsimus and ipsima, for dominus and domina (cf II. A. supra),

Petr. 75, 11; and:

ipsimi nostri,

id. 63, 3 Büch. ex conj.

ipse ( ipsus, Cato, R. R. 70; 71; Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 43; id. Trin. 2, 2, 40; 3, 1, 10 et saep.; Ter. And. 3, 2, 15; id. Eun. 3, 4, 8, id. Hec. 3, 5, 5; Jusjur. Milit. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4 al.), a, um (ipsud, Gloss. Philox.); gen. ipsīus ( poet. also ipsĭus, Cat. 64, 43; Verg. A. 1, 114; 2, 772 al.; and dissyl. Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 15; id. Phorm. 4, 5, 13: ipsi, Afran. ap. Prisc. 694); dat. ipsi (ipso, App. M. 10, p. 243, 24); pron. demonstr. [is - pse for pte; cf. sua-pte and -pote in ut-pote; root in potis; Sanscr. patis, lord, master; hence, = he, the master, himself, etc.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 866 sq.; Fick, Vergl. Wörterb. p. 116. Hence, in the original form, the pronoun is was declined, while the suffix was unchanged; thus eopte = eo ipso, Paul. ex Fest. p. 110:

eapse = ea ipsa,

id. p. 77; nom. sing. eapse, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 4; id. Cist. 1, 2, 17; id. Rud. 2, 3, 80; 2, 5, 21 al.; acc. eumpse, Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 32:

eampse,

Plaut. Aul. 5, 7; id. Cist. 1, 3, 22; id. Men. 5, 2, 22 al.; abl. eopse, Plaut. Curc, 4, 3, 6:

eāpse,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 132; id. Curc. 4, 3, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 197 sq.], = autos, self, in person, he (emphatic), himself, herself, itself, used both substantively and adjectively, to denote that person (thing) of which something is eminently or exclusively predicated.

In gen.

With substt. or pronn.

Expressing eminence or distinction:

ipse ille Gorgias... in illo ipso Platonis libro,

Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 129:

ille ipse Marcellus,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 4:

natura ipsa,

id. Brut. 29, 112:

dicet pro me ipsa virtus,

id. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

ipsa res publica,

id. Fam. 3, 11, 3:

neque enim ipse Caesar est alienus a nobis,

id. ib. 6, 10, 2:

ipse Moeris,

Verg. E. 8, 96:

rex ipse Aeneas,

id. A. 1, 575:

ipse aries,

id. E. 3, 95:

ductores ipsi,

id. A. 1, 189:

si in ipsa arce habitarem,

Liv. 2, 7, 10;

esp. freq. with names of gods, etc.: naturas quas Juppiter ipse Addidit,

Verg. G. 4, 149; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 1, 16, 12:

Pater ipse,

Verg. G. 1, 121; Tib. 1, 4, 23:

Venus ipsa,

Hor. C. 2, 8, 13; Ov. H. 19, 159:

ipse pater Pluton,

Verg. A. 7, 327 et saep.—Prov.:

audentes deus ipse juvat,

Ov. M. 10, 586.—

For emphasis or in contrast, very, just, precisely, self, in person:

adest optime ipse frater,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 66:

in orationibus hisce ipsis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 73:

ea ipsa hora,

id. Fam. 7, 23, 4:

nec carmina nobis Ipsa placent: ipsae rursus concedite silvae,

Verg. E. 10, 63:

tute ipse his rebus finem praescripsti,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 124:

lepide ipsi hi sunt capti,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 91:

ego enim ipse cum eodem isto non invitus erraverim,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

ipse ille divinationis auctor,

id. Div. 2, 28, 61:

cariorem esse patriam quam nosmet ipsos,

id. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

eaque ipsa causa belli fuit,

the very, the true cause, Liv. 1, 57, 1; esp. with is, in all persons and numbers:

estne hic Philto? Is hercle'st ipsus,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 31:

cui tutor is fuerat ipse,

Liv. 5, 33, 3:

jam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi,

even, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93 (Madv.); id. de Or. 2, 30, 132:

tempus ad id ipsum congruere,

Liv. 1, 5, 5:

duum vir ad id ipsum creatus,

id. 2, 42, 5:

Tullius et eos ipsos et per eos multitudinem aliam deduxit,

id. 2, 38, 1:

eorum ipsorum facta (opp. loca in quibus, etc.),

Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2:

nec vero clarorum virorum post mortem honores permanerent, si nihil eorum ipsorum animi efficerent,

id. de Sen. 22, 80:

ad eum ipsum honorem deferre,

Liv. 3, 51, 3; so sometimes with an inf. or subst.-clause:

ipsum dicere ineptum,

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 112:

quid juvat quod ante initum tribunatum veni, si ipsum, quod veni, nihil juvat?

the mere fact, the fact alone, id. Att. 11, 9, 1:

ipsum, quod habuisti,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 12, 2:

et ipsum, quod sum victus, ama,

Luc. 8, 78.— Esp. in legal phrase: ipso jure, by the letter of the law, in legal strictness or precision, Gai Inst. 2, 198; 3, 181; 4, 106 sqq. et saep.—

Alone, emphatically taking the place of an omitted person. or demonstr. pron.: Ar. Ubi is nunc est? He. Ubi ego minume atque ipsus se volt maxume, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 1, 10: Su. Is ipsusne's? Ch. Aio: Su. Ipsus es? id. Trin. 4, 2, 146:

atque ipsis, ad quorum commodum pertinebat, durior inventus est Coelius,

Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:

quaeram ex ipsā,

Cic. Cael. 14:

tempus, quo ipse eos sustulisset, ad id ipsum congruere,

Liv. 1, 5, 5:

agrum dare immunem ipsi, qui accepisset, liberisque,

id. 21, 45, 5; 9, 34, 18; 10, [p. 999] 6, 10:

laeta et ipsis qui rem gessere expugnatio fuit,

id. 28, 4, 1:

a nobis exposita, ut ab ipsis, qui eam disciplinam probant,

Cic. Fin. 1, 5, 13.—So freq. in Cic. before a rel.:

ut de ipso, qui judicarit, judicium fieri videretur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 44, 82:

ipsi omnia, quorum negotium est, ad nos deferunt,

id. de Or. 1, 58, 250; 2, 14, 60; id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 13; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 93:

nullis definitionibus utuntur, ipsique dicunt ea se modo probare, quibus natura tacita assentiatur,

Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40 Madv. —

To make prominent one of two or more subjects of any predicate, he ( she, il), for his part, he too, also, as well.

Ipse alone:

litterae Metello Capuam adlatae sunt a Clodia, quae ipsa transiit,

i. e. also, in person, Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3:

Italiam ornare quam domum suam maluit: quamquam Italia ornata domus ipsa mihi videtur ornatior,

id. Off. 2, 22, 76:

tris ipse excitavit recitatores,

he too, id. Clu. 51, 141:

neque tanti timoris sum ut ipse deficiam,

Caes. B. C. 2, 31, 8:

Jugurtha, tametsi regem ficta locutum intellegebat, et ipse longe aliter animo agitabat,

Sall. J. 11, 1:

hoc Rhipeus, hoc ipse Dymas omnisque juventus Laeta facit,

Verg. A. 2, 394.—

With conjunctions.

With etiam (class.):

ipse etiam Fufidius in numero fuit,

Cic. Brut. 29, 112: scribebat orationes quas alii dicerent: quamquam is etiam ipse scripsit eas, quibus pro se est usus, sed non sine Aelio;

his enim scriptis etiam ipse interfui,

id. ib. 56, 206 sq. —

With quoque:

quippe quia plebs senatus consultum solvit, ipsi quoque solutum vultis,

Liv. 3, 21, 4:

consul, quia collegae decretum triumphum audivit, ipse quoque triumphi flagitator Romam rediit,

id. 8, 12, 9:

cum subito Sulpicius et Albinovanus objecissent catervas, ipse quoque (Sulla) jaculatus, etc.,

Flor. 3, 21, 7.—

With et (et ipse = kai autos, ipse etiam; rare in Cic.; cf.

Zumpt, Gram. § 698): tamen et ipsi tuae familiae genere et nomine continebuntur,

Cic. Caecin. 20, 58:

deseret eos quos una scis esse, cum habeat praesertim et ipse cohortis triginta?

id. Att. 8, 7, 1; id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

Cornelius dictatorem Aemilium dixit, et ipse ab eo magister equitum est dictus,

Liv. 4, 31, 5:

credo ego vos, socii, et ipsos cernere,

id. 21, 21, 3:

Cornelio minus copiarum datum, quia L. Manlius praetor et ipse cum praesidio in Galliam mittebatur,

id. 21, 17, 7:

qui et ipse crus fregerat,

Suet. Aug. 43:

Antoninus Commodus nihil paternum habuit, nisi quod contra Germanos feliciter et ipse pugnavit,

Eutr. 8, 7:

virtutes et ipsae taedium pariunt,

Quint. 9, 4, 43. —

With nec ( = ne ipse quidem):

primis repulsis Maharbal cum majore robore virorum missus nec ipse eruptionem cohortium sustinuit,

Liv. 23, 18, 4:

nihil moveri viderunt, nec ipsi quicquam mutarunt,

id. 37, 20, 8:

neque ipsi,

id. 30, 42, 7: crimina non quidem nec ipsa mediocria;

sed quid ista sunt prae iis, etc.,

id. 34, 32, 9.

Esp.

By way of eminence, ipse is used to indicate the chief person, host, master, teacher, etc.:

ipsa, the mistress, etc.: ipsus tristis,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 23:

ipsum praesto video,

id. ib. 2, 5, 3:

ego eo quo me ipsa misit,

Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 10:

suam norat ipsam tam bene, quam puella matrem,

Cat. 3, 7 (Müll., ipsa); cf.:

Pythagorei respondere solebant, ipse dixit,

i. e. Pythagoras, Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 10; cf.:

nec hoc oratori contingere inter adversarios quod Pythagorae inter discipulos potest ipse dixit,

Quint. 11, 1, 27:

cum veniat lectica Mathonis plena ipso,

the great man, Juv. 1, 33:

anseris ante ipsum jecur,

before the host, id. 5, 114.—

Of or by one ' s self, of one ' s own accord = suā sponte, ultro:

videar non ipse promisisse (opp. to fortuito),

Cic. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

de manibus delapsa arma ipsa ceciderunt,

id. Off. 1, 22, 77:

valvae clausae se ipsae aperuerunt,

id. Div. 1, 37, 74:

ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae Ubera,

Verg. E. 4, 21:

ipsi potum venient juvenci,

id. ib. 7, 11; cf.:

aliae ipsae Sponte sua veniunt,

id. G. 2, 10:

fruges sponte sua (tellus) primum ipsa creavit,

Lucr. 2, 11, 58; and autai for automatoi, Theocr. Idyll. 11, 12.—

Himself exclusively.

By or in one ' s self, alone:

haec ipse suo tristi cum corde volutat,

Verg. A. 6, 185:

his actis, aliud genitor secum ipse volutat,

id. ib. 12, 843: tempus secum ipsa Exigit, id. ib. 4, 475:

quam facile exercitu soclos conservaturus sit, qui ipso nomine ac rumore defenderit,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 45:

multa secum ipse volvens,

Sall. C. 32, 1:

aestimando ipse secum,

Liv. 25, 23, 11.—

In one ' s self, for one ' s own sake:

ipsam aequitatem et jus ipsum amare,

Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48.—

Of one ' s self, of one ' s own nature, etc.:

erat ipse immani acerbāque naturā Oppianicus,

Cic. Clu. 15, 44:

duo imperatores, ipsi pares, ceterum opibus disparibus,

Sall. J. 52, 1:

natura serpentium, ipsa perniciosa, siti accenditur,

id. ib. 89, 5.—

With advv. of time.

Nunc ipsum, just now, at this very time:

nunc ipsum exurit,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 16:

nunc ipsum non dubitabo rem tantam adicere,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 2; 8, 9, 2:

nunc tamen ipsum sine te esse non possum,

id. ib. 12, 16. —

Tum ipsum, just then, at that very time:

id, quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124:

ratio largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum ad facultates accommodanda est,

id. Off. 2, 17, 60:

et tum ipsum, cum immolare velis, extorum fieri mutatio potest,

id. Div. 1, 52, 118; cf. id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv.—

With numerals, just, exactly, precisely (opp. fere):

triginta dies erant ipsi, cum, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 21 init.:

ipsas undecim esse legiones,

id. Fam. 6, 18, 2:

nam cum dixisset minus 1000 (sc. milia), populus cum risu acclamavit, ipsa esse,

id. Caecin. 10, 28; cf. id. Brut. 15, 61; 43, 162:

ipso vigesimo anno,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 9, § 25. —

In reflexive uses,

Ipse strengthens the subject when opposed in thought to other agents; the object, when opposed to other objects; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696; Kennedy, Gram. § 67, 3; Madv. Gram. § 487, 6. — Hence,

With subject.

In gen.:

non egeo medicina (i. e. ut alii me consolentur), me ipse consolor,

Cic. Lael. 3, 10:

Junius necem sibi ipse conscivit,

id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

neque potest exercitum is continere imperator, qui se ipse non continet,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 38:

Artaxerxes se ipse reprehendit,

Nep. Dat. 5:

ipsa se virtus satis ostendit,

Sall. J. 85; cf.:

deponendo tutelam ipse in se unum omnium vires convertit,

Liv. 24, 4, 9:

deforme etiam est de se ipsum praedicare,

Cic. Off. 1, 38, 137.—

With special emphasis, ipse is joined to the subject to indicate its relation to itself as both subject and object, though the antithesis would suggest another case (Cic.):

cum iste sic erat humilis atque demissus, ut non modo populo Romano, sed etiam sibi ipse condemnatus videretur,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

si quis ipse sibi inimicus est,

id. Fin. 5, 10, 28:

qui ipsi sibi bellum indixissent,

id. ib. 5, 10, 29:

quoniam se ipsi omnes natura diligant,

id. ib. 3, 18, 59:

nam si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,

id. de Or. 2, 2, 8.—

With object:

neque vero ipsam amicitiam tueri (possumus), nisi aeque amicos et nosmet ipsos diligamus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 20, 67:

omne animal se ipsum diligit,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24:

fac ut diligentissime te ipsum custodias,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 8:

Pompeianus miles fratrem suum, dein se ipsum interfecit,

Tac. H. 3, 51:

Lentulum, quem mihi ipsi antepono,

Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 5.—

Ipse defines the subject of a reflexive pronoun:

natura movet infantem, sed tantum ut se ipse diligat (where ipse shows that se refers to infantem),

Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 33: proinde consulant sibi ipsi;

jubeant abire se,

Just. 16, 4, 15:

neque prius vim adhibendam putaverunt, quam se ipse indicasset,

Nep. Paus. 4:

in portis murisque sibimet ipsos tecta coëgerat aedificare,

Liv. 27, 3, 2 (cf. 1. a. supra).—

Ipse stands for the reflexive pronoun,

Where the person or thing referred to is to be emphatically distinguished from others (class.):

cum omnes se expetendos putent, nec id ob aliam rem, sed propter ipsos, necesse est ejus etiam partes propter se expeti, etc.,

Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46:

quis umquam consul senatum ipsius decretis parere prohibuit?

id. Sest. 14, 32:

quos, quidquid ipsis expediat, facturos arbitrabimur,

id. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

qui negant se recusare, quo minus, ipsis mortuis, terrarum deflagratio consequatur,

id. ib. 3, 19, 64:

nec quid ipsius natura sit intellegit,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24.—

In a subordinate clause, to point out either the subject of the principal clause, or the chief agent or speaker;

esp. where se or sibi is already applied to the subject of the subordinate clause: ne ob eam rem aut suae magnopere virtuti tribueret aut ipsos despiceret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5:

legatos ad consulem mittit, qui tantum modo ipsi liberisque vitam peterent,

Sall. J. 16, 2; cf.:

ipsis mortuis,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64:

supra nihil, quantum in ipso est, praetermittere quo minus, etc.,

id. Leg. 1, 21, 56:

ipsius,

id. ib. 2, 22, 55:

nihil umquam audivi... nihil de re publica gravius, nihil de ipso modestius, i. e. de ipso dicente,

id. Balb. 1, 2: id quod ipsum adjuvat (i. e. dicentem;

opp. id quod adversario prodest),

id. Inv. 1, 21, 30.—

In gen., for an emphatic se or sibi (mostly post-Aug.; v. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 3, 12, 40):

nam ipsis certum esse, etc.,

Liv. 35, 46, 13:

pravitas consulum discordiaque inter ipsos,

id. 4, 26, 6:

inexperta remedia haud injuria ipsis esse suspecta,

Curt. 3, 5, 15:

Graecis nuntiare jubet, ipsum quidem gratias agere, etc.,

id. 3, 8, 7:

dixit, ab illo deo ipsos genus ducere,

id. 4, 2, 3:

a quibus nec acceperunt injuriam nec accepisse ipsos existimant, Sen. de Ira, 2, 5, 1: intemperantiam in morbo suam experti parere ipsis vetant,

id. ib. 3, 13, 5:

sciunt ipsos omnia habere communia,

id. Ep. 6, 3; 22, 10 et saep.; cf.:

verum est etiam iis, qui aliquando futuri sint, esse propter ipsos consulendum,

Cic. Fin. 3, 19, 64.—

Ipse stands in free constr. with abl. absol. as with finite verb (cf. also quisque;

only freq. in Liv. and post-Aug. writers): cum dies venit, causa ipse pro se dicta, quindecim milibus aeris damnatur,

Liv. 4, 44, 10 Weissenb. ad loc.:

Romani imperatores, junctis et ipsi exercitibus... ad sedem hostium pervenere,

id. 29, 2, 2:

C. Popilius, dimissis et ipse Atticis navibus... pergit,

id. 45, 10, 2; cf.:

Catilina et Autronius parabant consules interficere, ipsi fascibus conreptis Pisonem cum exercitu mittere,

Sall. C. 18, 5:

amisso et ipse Pacoro,

Tac. G. 37; cf. also the emphatic use of ipse (like quisque) with abl. of gerund (freq. in Liv.):

adsentando indignandoque et ipse,

Liv. 40, 23, 1:

cogendo ipse,

id. 39, 49, 3:

agendo ipse,

id. 41, 24, 2:

aestimando ipse secum,

id. 25, 23, 11 et saep.

Am. prol. 102:

ipsimet nobis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

ipsemet profugiam,

Sen. Ep. 117, 21; also Front. Aq. 74 ex conj.— Sup.: Com. Ergo ipsusne es? Charm. Ipsissumus, his own very self, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 146; cf. Gr. autotatos, Aristoph. Plut. 83; so,

ipsimus and ipsima, for dominus and domina (cf II. A. supra),

Petr. 75, 11; and:

ipsimi nostri,

id. 63, 3 Büch. ex conj.

lĕvis, e, adj. [for leg-vis; Sanscr. laghu-s, little; cf. O. H. Germ. ring-i; Germ. gering; Gr. elachus], light in weight, not heavy (opp. gravis).

Lit.:

leviora corpora (opp. graviora),

Lucr. 2, 227:

aether,

id. 5, 459:

aura,

id. 3, 196:

levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

stipulae,

Verg. G. 1, 289: armatura, light armor:

levis armaturae Numidae,

the light-armed Numidians, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; also, by metonymy, lightarmed troops; v. armatura, and cf.:

sed haec fuerit nobis tamquam levis armaturae prima orationis excursio,

Cic. Div. 2, 10 fin.; so,

miles,

a light-armed soldier, Liv. 8, 8; cf.

of clothing: nudi, aut sagulo leves,

Tac. G. 6:

flebis in solo levis angiportu,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 10.—Of the earth upon the dead:

terraque securae sit super ossa levis,

Tib. 2, 4, 50;

esp. freq. on tombstones: sit tibi terra levis (abbreviated, S. T. T. L.): per leves populos,

the shades, bodiless persons, Ov. M. 10, 14:

virgaque levem coerces aurea turbam,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 18.— Poet. with inf.: fessis leviora tolli Pergama Grais, a lighter burden, i. e. easier to be destroyed, Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—

Transf.

Light of digestion, easy to digest (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):

quae in aqua degunt, leviorem cibum praestant. Inter domesticas quadrupedes levissima suilla est, gravissima bubula,

lightest of digestion, Cels. 1, 18:

leves malvae,

Hor. C. 1, 31, 16 (cf.:

gravi Malvae salubres corpori,

id. Epod. 2, 57).—

Light in motion, swift, quick, fleet, nimble, rapid (syn.:

agilis, alacer, pernix): ipsa (diva) levi fecit volitantem flamine currum (i. e. Argo),

a quick, favorable wind, Cat. 64, 9; cf.:

leves venti,

Ov. M. 15, 346:

flatus,

Sil. 15, 162:

currus,

light, swift, Ov. M. 2, 150:

levi deducens pollice filum,

light, nimble, id. ib. 4, 36; so,

pollex,

id. ib. 6, 22:

saltus,

id. ib. 7, 767;

3, 599: peltam pro parma fecit, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores,

Nep. Iphicr. 1:

Messapus levis cursu,

Verg. A. 12, 489:

leves Parthi,

id. G. 4, 314:

equus,

Val. Fl. 1, 389:

Nympharumque leves cum Satyris chori,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 31:

quaere modos leviore plectro,

nimbler, gayer, id. ib. 2, 1, 40:

et levis erecta consurgit ad oscula plantā,

Juv. 6, 507.—With inf. ( poet.):

omnes ire leves,

Sil. 16, 488:

exsultare levis,

id. 10, 605:

levior discurrere,

id. 4, 549:

nullo levis terrore moveri,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 514:

hora,

fleeting, Ov. M. 15, 181:

terra,

light, thin soil, Verg. G. 2, 92:

et ubi montana (loca) quod leviora et ideo salubriora,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 3;

so (opp graviora),

id. ib. —

Slight, trifling, small (mostly poet.): ignis, Ov. M. 3, 488:

tactus,

a slight, gentle touch, id. ib. 4, 180:

strepitus,

id. ib. 7, 840:

stridor,

id. ib. 4, 413.

Trop.

Without weight, i. e. of no consequence; hence, in gen., light, trifling, unimportant, inconsiderable, trivial, slight, little, petty, easy (class.):

nunquam erit alienis gravis qui suis se concinnat levem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

grave est nomen imperii atque id etiam in levi persona pertimescitur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 45:

leve et infirmum,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: quae mihi ad spem obtinendae veritatis gravissima sunt;

ad motum animi... leviora,

id. Deiot. 2, 5:

quod alia quaedam inania et levia conquiras,

id. Planc. 26, 63:

auditio,

a light, unfounded report, Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

cui res et pecunia levissima et existimatio sanctissima fuit semper,

something very insignificant, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

dolor,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 40:

proelium,

Caes. B. G. 7, 36:

periculum,

id. B. C. 3, 26:

in aliquem merita,

id. ib. 2, 32, 10:

leviore de causa,

id. B. G. 7, 4 fin.:

praecordia levibus flagrantia causis,

Juv. 13, 182:

effutire leves indigna tragoedia versus,

Hor. A. P. 231.—As subst.:

in levi habitum,

was made little of, was regarded as a trifle, Tac. H. 2, 21; id. A. 3, 54:

levia sed nimium queror,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 63:

quid leviora loquor? Petr. poët. 134, 12: non est leve tot puerorum observare manus,

no easy matter, Juv. 7, 240:

quidquid levius putaris,

easier, id. 10, 344.—

With gen. ( poet.):

opum levior,

Sil. 2, 102.—

In disposition or character.

Light, light-minded, capricious, fickle, inconstant, unreliable, false:

homo levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

ne me leviorem erga te putes,

id. Trin. 5, 2, 34:

tu levior cortice,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

vitium levium hominum atque fallacium,

Cic. Lael. 25, 91:

quidam saepe in parva pecunia perspiciuntur quam sint leves,

id. ib. 17, 63:

leves ac nummarii judices,

id. Clu. 28, 75:

sit precor illa levis,

Tib. 1, 6, 56:

levi brachio aliquid agere,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6:

quid levius aut turpius,

Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.:

auctor,

Liv. 5, 15:

leves amicitiae,

Cic. Lael. 26, 100:

spes,

vain, empty, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8:

leviores mores,

Ulp. Fragm. 6, 12.—

Mild, gentle, pleasant (rare):

quos qui leviore nomine appellant, percussores vocant,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93; and:

levior reprehensio,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 102:

tandem eo, quod levissimum videbatur, decursum est,

the gentlest, mildest, Liv. 5, 23 fin.:

nec leves somnos timor aut cupido Sordidus aufert,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 15; id. Epod. 2, 28:

exsilium,

mild, tolerable, Suet. Aug. 51.—Hence, adv.: lĕ-vĭter, lightly, not heavily.

Lit. (rare):

armati,

light-armed, Curt. 4, 13.—Of the blow of a weapon:

levius casura pila sperabat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92, 2.—

Trop.

Slightly, a little, not much, somewhat:

leviter densae nubes,

Lucr. 6, 248:

inflexum bacillum,

Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30:

genae leviter eminentes (al. leniter),

id. N. D. 2, 57, 143:

qui (medici) leviter aegrotantes leniter curant, gravioribus autem morbis, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

saucius,

id. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

non leviter lucra liguriens,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177:

agnoscere aliquid,

id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

eruditus,

id. de Or. 3, 6, 24.— Comp.:

quanto constantior idem In vitiis, tanto levius miser,

so much less, Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

dolere,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 30.— Sup.:

ut levissime dicam,

to express it in the mildest manner, Cic. Cat. 3, 7 fin. —

Easily, lightly, without difficulty, with equanimity:

id eo levius ferendum est, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2; cf.:

sed levissime feram, si, etc.,

id. Prov. Cons. 20, 47; Liv. 29, 9.— Comp.:

levius torquetis Arachne,

more dexterously, Juv. 2, 56.

lēvis (erroneously laevis), e, adj. [Gr. leios, leuros], smooth, smoothed, not rough, opp. asper (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

corpuscula quaedam levia, alia aspera, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

in locis (spectatur): leves an asperi,

id. Part. Or. 10, 36:

Deus levem eum (mundum) fecit et undique aequabilem,

id. Univ. 6:

pocula,

smooth, shining, Verg. A. 5, 91:

pharetrae,

id. ib. 5, 558:

brassica,

Cato, R. R. 15, 7:

levissima corpora,

Lucr. 4, 659:

coma pectine levis,

Ov. M. 12, 409:

nascunturque leves per digitos umerosque plumae,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 11:

levior assiduo detritis aequore conchis,

Ov. M. 13, 792: inimicus pumice levis, rubbed (cf. pumicatus), Juv. 9, 95.— Poet.: levi cum sanguine Nisus labitur infelix, slippery, [p. 1055] Verg. A. 5, 328:

levis Juventas ( = imberbis),

smooth, without hair, beardless, Hor. C. 2, 11, 6; so,

ora,

Tib. 1, 9 (8), 31:

crura,

Juv. 8, 115:

sponsus,

id. 3, 111:

caput,

id. 10, 199; 2, 12; hence, also, poet. for youthful, delicate, beautiful:

pectus,

Verg. A. 11, 40:

frons,

id. E. 6, 51:

umeri,

id. A. 7, 815:

colla,

Ov. M. 10, 698.—Also, finely dressed, spruce, effeminate:

vir,

Ov. A. A. 3, 437; Pers. 1, 82: argentum, smooth, not engraved or chased, Juv. 14, 62.—In neutr. absol.:

externi ne quid valeat per leve morari,

smoothness, Hor. S. 2, 7, 87; so,

per leve,

Pers. 1, 64:

per levia,

Aus. Idyll. 16, 4.—

Transf., rubbed smooth, ground down, softened, soft (rare), Scrib. Comp. 228; Cels. 2, 8.—

Trop., of speech, smooth, flowing (rare but class.):

oratio (opp. aspera),

Cic. Or. 5 fin.; so,

levis verborum concursus (opp. asper),

id. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

levis et aspera (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 15:

levis et quadrata compositio,

id. 2, 5, 9:

levia ac nitida,

id. 5, 12, 18:

(aures) fragosis offenduntur et levibus mulcentur,

id. 9, 4, 116.— Adv. does not occur.

māchĭnātĭo, ōnis, f. [machinor], artificial contrivance, mechanism, machinery (class.).

Lit.:

cum machinatione quadam moveri aliquid videmus, ut sphaeram,

Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97:

data est quibusdam bestiis machinatio quaedam, et sollertia,

power of contrivance, design, id. ib. 2, 48, 123.—

Transf. (abstr. pro concreto), a machine, engine:

tantae altitudinis machinationes,

Caes. B. G. 2, 31:

tanta,

id. ib. 2, 30;

4, 17: navalis,

id. B. C. 2, 10: tale machinationis [p. 1093] genus, Liv. 37, 5.—

Trop., a trick, device, machination, contrivance; artifice, fraud:

judex tamquam machinatione aliqua tum ad severitatem, tum ad remissionem animi est contorquendus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72:

dolus malus est omnis calliditas, fallacia, machinatio ad circumveniendum, fallendum, decipiendum alterum adhibita,

Dig. 4, 3, 1; 14:

per machinationem obligatus,

by artifice, by fraud, ib. 45, 1, 36.

mănĕo, nsi, nsum (contr. perf. mansti for mansisti, Lucil. ap. Gell. 18, 8), 2, v. n. and a. [root man, to think; whence the notion of hesitating leads to that of waiting; cf. Gr. menô, menos, mimnêskô, mantis; and Lat. memini, moneo, mens, etc.].

Neutr., to stay, remain anywhere (class.).

In gen.:

ut ut erat, mansum tamen oportuit,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 26:

facilem esse rem, seu maneant, seu proficiscantur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

domi,

id. ib. 4, 1:

in loco,

id. B. C. 2, 41:

in patria,

Cic. Off. 3, 26, 99:

si consulem manere ad urbem senatui placuisset,

Liv. 30, 27:

ad exercitum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51:

uno loco manens,

Nep. Eum. 5, 4:

unum manere diem,

Prop. 2, 9, 20:

decem dies,

Vulg. Gen. 24, 55:

diebus quindecim,

id. Gal. 1, 18.— Impers. pass.:

omnia excogitantur, quare nec sine periculo maneatur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

in Italia fortasse manebitur,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 7; Vell. 2, 16, 4:

manendum eo loco,

Caes. B. C. 3, 74:

hic maneri diutius non potest,

Cic. Att. 11, 15, 3.—

In partic.

To stay, tarry, stop, continue, abide, pass the night ( = pernoctare):

apud aliquem,

Cic. Att. 4, 18, 3:

eo die mansit Venafri,

id. ib. 7, 13, 7:

in tabernaculo,

id. ib. 5, 16, 3:

sub Jove frigido,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 25:

extra domum patris,

Liv. 3, 45, 7:

ad decimum lapidem,

id. 3, 69, 8:

cum is Casilini eo die mansurum eum dixisset = Casilini,

id. 22, 13, 8; cf.:

triduom hoc,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 4:

apud alium mansit,

Sen. Ben. 3, 17, 3:

mane apud me,

Vulg. Gen. 29, 19:

manebis clam,

id. 1 Reg. 19, 2. —In mal. part.: cum masculo mansione muliebri, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 1, 1. —

Pregn., to remain, last, endure, continue [p. 1108] in any place or manner:

si in eo manerent, quod convenisset,

would adhere to, abide by that, Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 5:

in vita,

to remain alive, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

in veritate,

to adhere to the truth, id. Clu. 63, 176:

in condicione,

to fulfil a condition, id. Att. 7, 15, 3:

in sententia,

to adhere to, id. ib. 9, 2, 1:

in voluntate,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

in pristina mente,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

in officio,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 47:

tu modo promissis maneas,

abide by, keep, Verg. A. 2, 160:

in pactione,

to abide by, Nep. Ages. 2, 4:

an credi posse ullum populum in ea condicione mansurum?

Liv. 8, 21, 6:

mansit in condicione atque pacto,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

plerique negant Caesarem in condicione mansurum,

id. Att. 7, 15, 3.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

nihil semper suo statu manet,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

munitiones,

Caes. B. G. 6, 31:

monumenta,

Nep. Them. 10:

regna,

Verg. A. 2, 22: adfinitas. Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 101:

memoria,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

rerum omnium mutabilium immutabiles manent origines,

Aug. Conf. 1, 2.—With dat.:

manent ingenia senibus,

Cic. Sen. 7, 22:

his bellum,

to continue, not be at an end, Liv. 1, 53:

cujus quidem tibi fatum manet,

awaits, Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 11.— Absol.:

maneat ergo, quod turpe sit, id numquam esse utile,

be it regarded as a settled principle, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 49; id. Mil. 4, 11:

quamobrem illud maneat, et fixum sit, quod neque moveri, etc.,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 25.— Part. act. fut.: mansurus, that which will abide or endure; lasting, permanent:

urbs,

Verg. A. 3, 86.—So part. pres. manens:

civitas,

Vulg. Heb. 13, 14.—

Act., to wait for, await, expect a person or thing (not in Cic. or Cæs.; syn.: opperior, praestolor, expecto).

In gen.:

nunc te, nox, quae me mansisti, mitto ut concedas die,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 48:

sese,

id. Aul. 4, 6, 14:

non manebat aetas virginis meam neclegentiam,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 16:

hostium adventum mansit,

Liv. 42, 66; Ter. Phorm. 4, 1, 4.—

In partic., to await one (as his fate, portion, etc.), to be about to befall one:

mors sua quemque manet,

Prop. 2, 21, 58 (3, 26, 12):

quis me manet exitus?

Ov. M. 9, 725:

qui si manet exitus urbem,

id. ib. 8, 60:

funera quos maneant,

id. ib. 11, 540:

quae (acerba) manent victos,

Liv. 26, 13 fin.; Suet. Caes. 14; id. Dom. 18:

maneat nostros ea cura nepotes,

Verg. A. 3, 505:

vincula et tribulationes me manent,

Vulg. Act. 20, 23.

mōmen, ĭnis, n. [for movimen, from moveo].

Movement, motion:

e salso consurgere momine ponti,

i. e. from the salt billows, Lucr. 6, 474; so also id. 2, 632, and 4, 179; v. Lachm. (where others read numine); cf. id. 3, 144.—

Weight, momentum; importance, moment (ante- and postclass.):

momine parvo moveri,

Lucr. 3, 188:

nullius mominis esse,

to be of no consequence, of no moment, Arn. 2, 77.—

A moment of time, Manil. 3, 675.

ne-scĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a., not to know, to be ignorant (syn. ignoro):

hunc nescire sat scio de illā amicā,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 48:

nescis cui maledicas nunc viro,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 29:

nec me pudet fateri nescire, quod nesciam,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 60:

de Oropo opinor, sed certum nescio,

id. Att. 12, 23, 2:

quid nobis agendum sit, nescio,

id. ib. 7, 12, 2:

anima sit (animus) ignisve, nescio,

id. Tusc. 1, 25, 60:

nescis quantā cum expectatione sim te auditurus,

you cannot think, id. N. D. 3, 1, 2:

nescis, temeraria, nescis, Quem fugias,

Ov. M. 1, 514:

nobis omnia de te Quaerere, si nescis, maxima cura fuit,

id. H. 17, 197; 20, 150:

quod scis or scies, nescis, a formula used in advising another to keep a secret: ne tu hercle linguam comprimes Posthac: etiam illud quod scies nesciveris,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 89:

tu nescis id quod scis, Dromo, si sapies,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 26; id. Eun. 4, 4, 55.—With acc. and inf.:

nescibam id dicere illam,

Ter. Eun. 4, 5, 10:

nescit Agenorides natam parvumque nepotem Aequoris esse deos,

Ov. M. 4, 562.—With inf. alone:

nescire Tarquinios privatos vivere,

Liv. 2, 2, 3:

gens, quae victa quiescere nesciat,

id. 9, 3, 12; 22, 51, 4; Curt. 7, 7, 16; Just. 28, 3, 12; Aug. Serm. 330, 3.—

Pass.:

utrum consistere uspiam velit an mare transire nescitur,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2:

talibus locis pruinarum vis et natura nescitur,

Pall. 11, 4, 2:

lis antea nescita,

unknown, Sid. Ep. 8, 6.—

Nescio quis, nescio quid, nescio quomodo, nescio an, used in an assertion to express uncertainty with regard to some particular contained [p. 1204] in it; and usually without influencing the mood of the following verb: nescio quis, I know not who, some one, somebody, a certain person: nescio quid, I know not what, something, some, a certain:

prope me hic nescio quis loquitur,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 9:

nescio quid profecto mihi animus praesagit mali,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 7:

nisi me forte Paconii nescio cujus querelis moveri putes,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6:

o pastores nescio quos cupidos litterarum,

id. Flacc. 17, 39; in affected ignorance, to denote that a thing is insignificant, small, mean, etc.:

fortasse non jejunum hoc nescio quid quod ego gessi, et contemnendum videtur,

id. Fam. 15, 4, 14:

quia nescio quid in philosophiā dissentiret,

a little, id. N. D. 1, 33, 93:

nescio quid litterularum,

a short letter, id. Att. 15, 4, 1:

rumoris nescio quid afflavit,

id. ib. 16, 5, 1:

causidicum nescio quem,

id. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

nescio quid e quercu exsculpseram,

id. Att. 13, 28, 2:

sententiae nescio unde ex abdito erutae,

id. Or. 24, 79:

nescio quid etiam de Locrorum proelio,

id. N. D. 3, 5, 11:

mente nescio quā effrenatā atque praecipiti,

id. Cael. 15, 35:

illud nescio quod non fortuitum, sed divinum videbatur,

id. Fam. 7, 5, 2: nescio quid praeclarum, remarkable or extraordinary excellence, id. Arch. 7, 15:

fit enim, nescio quomodo, ut, etc.,

I know not how, id. Off. 1, 41, 146:

boni nescio quomodo tardiores sunt,

id. Sest. 47, 100:

qui, nescio quo modo, conspirant,

Nep. Alcib. 11, 1; id. Thras. 1, 3:

casu nescio quo,

Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

alii nescio quo pacto obduruerunt,

id. ib. 5, 15, 2; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 18:

sed ita fato nescio quo contigisse arbitror, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 15, 13, 2; cf.:

contra rem suam me nescio quando venisse questus est,

id. Phil. 2, 2, 3: nescio an, I know not whether, probably, perhaps:

constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam possim dicere,

id. Lig. 9, 26:

sin illam alteram, nescio an amplius mihi negotii contrahatur,

id. Cat. 4, 5, 9:

ingens eo die res et nescio an maxima illo bello gesta sit,

Liv. 23, 16; v. the art. an.—

In partic.

Not to know, to be unacquainted with a person or thing (mostly poet.):

illa illum nescit,

Plaut. Aul. prol. 30; Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 16:

non nescire hiemem,

Verg. G. 1, 391:

deos,

Luc. 1, 453:

litteras,

Sen. Clem. 2, 1:

vinum toto nescire Decembri,

i. e. to abstain from, Juv. 7, 97.—

Not to understand; to be unable:

non tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

Cic. Brut. 37, 140; Juv. 6, 188:

stare loco nescit, said of a horse,

Verg. G. 3, 84:

nescit vox missa reverti,

cannot be unsaid, Hor. A. P. 390.—

To be incapable:

Stoici omnino irasci nesciunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 18, 65:

qui nesciat irasci,

Juv. 10, 360.—Hence, nescĭens, entis, P. a., unknowing, ignorant, unaware (class. nescius):

ut nescientem sentiat te id sibi dare,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 59:

nesciens sui,

unconscious, App. Mag. p. 301, 9.—Hence, adv.: nescĭenter, unknowingly, ignorantly, Aug. Doctr. Chr. 2, 40.

neuter, tra, trum ( gen. neutri, Varr. L. L. 9, § 62, acc. to the MSS.; cf. §§ 55 and 58; Aus. Ep. 50;

and by grammarians always in the phrase neutri generis,

of the neuter gender, Charis. 13 P.; Diom. 277 P. al.; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 449; dat. sing. neutrae, acc. to Prisc. p. 678.—Collat. form, NECVTER, Inscr. Orell. 4859), adj. [ne-uter], neither the one nor the other, neither of two:

ut neutri illorum quisquam esset me carior,

Cic. Att. 7, 1, 2:

in neutram partem moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 130; id. Off. 2, 6, 20:

debemus neutrum eorum contra alium juvare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 35, 5:

quid bonum sit, quid malum, quid neutrum,

Cic. Div. 2, 4, 10; Ov. M. 4, 378:

ita fiet ut neutra lingua alteri officiat,

Quint. 1, 1, 14.—Repeated:

neuter neutri invidet,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 49.—With verb in plur.:

ut caveres, neuter ad me iretis cum querimoniā,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 34:

quia neuter consulum potuerant bello abesse,

Liv. 9, 44, 2.—

In plur.:

in quo neutrorum contemnenda est sententia,

Cic. Off. 1, 21, 70:

neutri alteros primo cernebant,

Liv. 21, 46, 4:

ita neutris cura posteritatis,

Tac. H. 1, 1:

in neutris partibus esse,

Sen. Ira, 2, 23:

neutris quicquam hostile facientibus,

Just. 6, 7, 1.—

In partic., in gram.: neutra nomina, of the neuter gender:

neutra (nomina or verba),

which are neither active nor passive, middle, Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28; id. Or. 46, 155; Gell. 1, 7, 15 et saep. —Hence,

Adv.: ‡ neutrē, neutrally; in neither way: neutre, oudeterôs, Gloss. Philox.—

neutrō, adv., to neither one side nor the other; to neither side, neither way:

neutro inclinatā spe,

Liv. 5, 26 fin.:

neutro inclinaverat fortuna,

Tac. H. 3, 23:

si neutro litis condicio praeponderet,

Quint. 7, 2, 39.

neuter, tra, trum ( gen. neutri, Varr. L. L. 9, § 62, acc. to the MSS.; cf. §§ 55 and 58; Aus. Ep. 50;

and by grammarians always in the phrase neutri generis,

of the neuter gender, Charis. 13 P.; Diom. 277 P. al.; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 449; dat. sing. neutrae, acc. to Prisc. p. 678.—Collat. form, NECVTER, Inscr. Orell. 4859), adj. [ne-uter], neither the one nor the other, neither of two:

ut neutri illorum quisquam esset me carior,

Cic. Att. 7, 1, 2:

in neutram partem moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 42, 130; id. Off. 2, 6, 20:

debemus neutrum eorum contra alium juvare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 35, 5:

quid bonum sit, quid malum, quid neutrum,

Cic. Div. 2, 4, 10; Ov. M. 4, 378:

ita fiet ut neutra lingua alteri officiat,

Quint. 1, 1, 14.—Repeated:

neuter neutri invidet,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 49.—With verb in plur.:

ut caveres, neuter ad me iretis cum querimoniā,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 34:

quia neuter consulum potuerant bello abesse,

Liv. 9, 44, 2.—

In plur.:

in quo neutrorum contemnenda est sententia,

Cic. Off. 1, 21, 70:

neutri alteros primo cernebant,

Liv. 21, 46, 4:

ita neutris cura posteritatis,

Tac. H. 1, 1:

in neutris partibus esse,

Sen. Ira, 2, 23:

neutris quicquam hostile facientibus,

Just. 6, 7, 1.—

In partic., in gram.: neutra nomina, of the neuter gender:

neutra (nomina or verba),

which are neither active nor passive, middle, Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28; id. Or. 46, 155; Gell. 1, 7, 15 et saep. —Hence,

Adv.: ‡ neutrē, neutrally; in neither way: neutre, oudeterôs, Gloss. Philox.—

neutrō, adv., to neither one side nor the other; to neither side, neither way:

neutro inclinatā spe,

Liv. 5, 26 fin.:

neutro inclinaverat fortuna,

Tac. H. 3, 23:

si neutro litis condicio praeponderet,

Quint. 7, 2, 39.

nūmen, ĭnis, n. [for nuimen, root nu-; Gr. neuô, nod; Lat. nuo in re-nuo, etc], prop., a nodding with the head, a nod: numen quasi nutus dei ac potestas dicitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.—Hence, trop., a nod, i. e. command, will.

In gen.:

ad numen mentis momenque moveri,

Lucr. 3, 144 (but id. 2, 632, and 4, 179, the correct reading is momine, v. Lachm.).—

In partic., the divine will, the will or power of the gods, divine sway (the class. signif. of the word):

numen dicunt esse imperium, dictum ab nutu: numina sunt, quojus imperium maximum esse videatur,

Varr. L. L. 7, § 85 Müll.:

deo, cujus numini parent omnia,

Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120:

multa saepe prodigia vim ejus (Cereris) numenque declarant,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107:

di inmortales suo numine atque auxilio sua templa atque urbis tecta defendunt,

id. Cat. 2, 13, 29:

numen interdictumque deorum immortalium,

id. Pis. 21, 48: nox et Diana, Nunc, nunc adeste, nunc in hostiles domos Iram atque numen vertite, Hor. Epod. [p. 1225] 5, 54.—To Fortune:

nullum numen abest, si sit prudentia,

Juv. 10, 365.—Hence, transf., of the will, might, authority of powerful persons:

flectere tenta Caesareum numen, numine, Bacche, tuo,

Ov. Tr. 5, 3, 45; cf. id. P. 4, 13, 24:

annuite, Patres Conscripti, nutum numenque vestrum invictum Campanis,

Liv. 7, 30; cf.:

quanta potestas, quanta majestas, quantum denique numen, sit historiae,

Plin. Ep. 9, 27, 1.—

Godhead, divinity, deity, divine majesty, etc.:

numina Palladis,

Verg. A. 3, 543:

per Dianae numina,

Hor. Epod. 17, 3:

venerantur numina nymphae, Mygdonidesque nurus,

Ov. M. 6, 44:

audis... positas ut glaciet nives Puro numine Juppiter,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 8.—Concr., a divinity, deity, a god, goddess:

caeleste numen,

Liv. 1, 21, 1; Val. Max. 2, 4, 4; 5, 1, 3; Amm. 19, 1, 4:

summum,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 30, 4; Amm. 15, 8, 9; 17, 7, 3 al.:

templa et effigies numinum,

Tac. A. 1, 10; 1, 73; 3, 71; 15, 45; Suet. Calig. 22:

nos magna precati Numina,

Verg. A. 3, 634:

si quem Numina laeva sinunt,

id. G. 4, 7:

promissaque numine firmat,

i. e. by calling a god to witness, by an oath, Ov. M. 10, 430:

vadimus immixti haud numine nostro,

the divinity not with us, Verg. A. 2, 396, cf. sqq.:

hospes numinis Idaei,

Juv. 3, 138:

in contumeliam numinum,

Plin. Pan. 11:

Titus numinibus aequatus est,

id. ib. 35:

numinis loco habere,

Tac. G. 8:

numina quibus sacrificabat,

Val. Max. 5, 10, ext. 2:

ea numina, i. e. Apollo and Diana,

Tac. A. 3, 61; Plin. 4, 7, 12, § 25; 18, 13, 35, § 132.—Of the manes of a beloved person:

juro per illos manes, numina mei doloris,

Quint. 6 prooem. § 10 Spald.

ordĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [ordo], to order, set in order, arrange, adjust, dispose, regulate.

In gen. (class.;

syn.: dispenso, dispono): copias,

Nep. Iph. 2, 2; so,

milites,

Liv. 29, 1:

agmina,

Hor. Epod. 17, 9; and:

aciem,

Just. 11, 9, 8:

arbusta latius sulcis,

Hor. C. 3, 1, 9:

vineam paribus intervallis,

Col. 3, 13:

res suas suo arbitrio,

Sen. Ep. 9, 14:

partes orationis,

Cic. Inv. 1, 14, 9:

litem,

id. de Or. 2, 10, 43:

causam,

Dig. 40, 12, 24:

judicium,

ib. 40, 12, 25:

testamentum,

ib. 5, 2, 2:

bibliothecas,

Suet. Gram. 21.—

Transf.:

cupiditates improbas,

to arrange, draw up in order of battle, Sen. Ep. 10, 2: publicas res (= suntattein, componere), to draw up in order, to narrate the history of public events, Hor. C. 2, 1, 10 (antiquitatem) totam in eo volumine exposuerit, quo magistratus ordinavit, i. e. recorded events according to the years of the magistrates, Nep. Att. 18, 1:

cum omnia ordinarentur,

Cic. Sull. 19, 53.—

In partic. (post-Aug.).

To rule, govern a country:

statum liberarum civitatum,

Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 7:

Macedoniam,

Flor. 2, 16:

provinciam,

Suet. Galb. 7:

Orientem,

id. Aug. 13.—

To ordain, appoint to office:

magistratus,

Suet. Caes. 76:

tribunatus, praefecturas, et ducatus,

to dispose of, give away, Just. 30, 2, 5; so,

filium in successionem regni,

Just. 17, 1, 4.—Hence,

(Eccl. Lat.) To ordain as a priest or pastor, to admit to a clerical office, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 9, 36; cf.:

in ministerium sanctorum ordinaverunt se ipsos,

Vulg. 1 Cor. 16, 15.—Hence, ordĭ-nātus, a, um, P. a., well ordered, orderly, ordained, appointed (class.):

compositus ordinatusque vir,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 3:

igneae formae cursus ordinatos definiunt,

perform their appointed courses, Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 101.— Comp.:

vita ordinatior,

Sen. Ep. 74, 25:

pars mundi ordinatior,

Sen. Ira, 3, 6.— Sup.:

meatus ordinatissimi,

App. de Deo Socrat. p. 42.—Hence, adv.: ordĭnā-tē, in an orderly manner, in order, methodically (not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 811;

v. ordinatim): tamquam (astra) non possent tam disposite, tam ordinate moveri,

Lact. 2, 5, 15:

ordinate disponere,

Auct. Her. 4, 56, 69 dub.— Comp.:

ordinatius retractare,

Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 19 init.—Sup.:

ordinatissime subjunxit,

Aug. Retract. 1, 24.

pĕr-ăcūtus, a, um, adj., very sharp.

Lit.:

falx,

Mart. 3, 24, 5 (dub.).—

Transf., of sound, very clear or penetrating:

vox,

Cic. Brut. 68, 241.—

Trop., [p. 1333] very keen, very acute, very penetrating:

cum peracutus esset ad excogitandum,

Cic. Brut. 39, 145:

oratio,

id. ib. 76, 264; id. Verr. 2, 2, 44, § 108.— Adv.: pĕrăcūtē, very sharply, very acutely, with great keenness:

moveri,

Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 35:

peracute querebare, quod, etc.,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 2:

reperisse,

App. Mag. 34.

per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).

Lit.:

omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

provinciam,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56:

aetatum ordinem,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108:

dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia,

id. Mur. 17, 35:

reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

aciem,

Sall. J. 59, 3:

domum,

Sen. Thyest. 83.— Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—

Transf., to mix or mingle together:

omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes,

Pall. 12, 18.—

Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:

mea consilia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127:

mentes animosque perturbat timor,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

clamore perturbari,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

animum, joined with concitare,

id. Or. 37, 128:

de rei publicae salute perturbari,

id. Mil. 1, 1:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

magno animi motu perturbatus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a.

Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:

mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:

perturbatissimum tempestatis genus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3:

flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum,

Cic. Sest. 34, [p. 1360] 73.—

Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:

homo perturbatior metu,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1:

sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate,

id. ib. 1, 1, 4.— Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.— Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122:

muta animalia perturbate moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

per-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to throw into confusion or disorder, to confuse, disturb (cf.: confundo, misceo).

Lit.:

omnia,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 22:

provinciam,

Cic. Sull. 20, 56:

aetatum ordinem,

id. Brut. 62, 223:

condiciones pactionesque bellicas perjurio,

id. Off. 3, 29, 108:

dies intermissus aut nox interposita saepe perturbat omnia,

id. Mur. 17, 35:

reliquos (milites) incertis ordinibus perturbaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 32:

aciem,

Sall. J. 59, 3:

domum,

Sen. Thyest. 83.— Pass., Plin. Pan. 76, 8.—

Transf., to mix or mingle together:

omnia subtiliter cretā permisceas cum salibus torrefactis ac tritis et diu oleo injecto perturbes,

Pall. 12, 18.—

Trop., to disturb, discompose, embarrass, confound:

mea consilia,

Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 127:

mentes animosque perturbat timor,

Caes. B. G. 1, 39:

clamore perturbari,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 18:

animum, joined with concitare,

id. Or. 37, 128:

de rei publicae salute perturbari,

id. Mil. 1, 1:

haec te vox non perculit? non perturbavit?

id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:

magno animi motu perturbatus,

id. Att. 8, 11, 1.—Hence, perturbātus, a, um, P. a.

Troubled, disturbed, unquiet:

mihi civitatem perturbatam vestris legibus et contionibus et deductionibus tradidistis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 8, 23:

perturbatissimum tempestatis genus,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 10, 3:

flamma quassatae rei publicae perturbatorumque temporum,

Cic. Sest. 34, [p. 1360] 73.—

Disturbed, embarrassed, discomposed:

homo perturbatior metu,

Cic. Att. 10, 14, 1:

sane sum perturbatus cum ipsius familiaritate,

id. ib. 1, 1, 4.— Subst.: per-turbāta, ōrum, n., confused visions, perverted truths:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60.— Adv.: perturbātē, confusedly, disorderly:

ne quid perturbate, ne quid contorte dicatur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 29; id. Or. 35, 122:

muta animalia perturbate moveri,

Sen. Ep. 124, 19.

pondus, ĕris, n. [pendo], a weight.

Lit.

In gen., a weight used in a scale, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

pondera ab Gallis allata iniqua,

Liv. 5, 48 fin.:

utuntur taleis ferreis ad certum pondus examinatis pro numo,

Caes. B. G. 5, 12; Dig. 19, 1, 32: pondera publica, Paul. ex Fest. p. 246 Müll.—

In partic., the weight of a pound, a pound (very rare for the usual pondo):

dupondius a duobus ponderibus, quod unum pondus assipondium dicebatur. Id ideo, quod as erat libra pondus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll.:

argenti pondera quinque,

Mart. 7, 53, 12.—

Transf.

In abstr.

Heaviness, weight of a body:

moveri gravitate et pondere,

Cic. Fat. 11, 24; 10, 22; 20, 46; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:

magni ponderis saxa,

Caes. B. G. 2, 29; 7, 22:

emere aliquid pondere,

by weight, Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 29; 35, 17, 57, § 197; Tac. A. 6, 26; cf.:

in his quae pondere constant,

Dig. 18, 1, 35 med.; Gai. Inst. 2, 196:

id, quod pondere continetur,

Dig. 30, 1, 47.—

In plur.: pondera, balance, equipoise, equilibrium:

pendebat in aëre tellus Ponderibus librata suis,

Ov. M. 1, 13; so Luc. 1, 57; cf. Lucr. 2, 218 and 6, 574:

trans pondera (corporis) dextram Porrigere (= ultra libramentum sive aequilibrium corporis),

out of balance, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 51; cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 380 sq.; cf.

also: quis libravit in pondere montes et colles in staterā?

Vulg. Isa. 40, 12.—

In concr.

A heavy body, a weight, mass, load, burden:

in terram feruntur omnia suo nutu pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

grande auri pondus,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 17, § 45; so,

innumerabile pondus auri,

id. Sest. 43, 93:

magnum argenti pondus expositum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

aeris magnum pondus,

id. ib. 3, 103; Stat. Th. 6, 648:

immania pondera baltei,

Verg. A. 10, 496:

Spartani pondera disci,

Mart. 14, 164, 1.— Poet., of the fruit of the womb, Ov. M. 9, 684; id. Am. 2, 14, 14; Prop. 4, 1, 96 (5, 1, 100); Mart. 14, 151;

of the privy parts,

Cat. 63, 5; Stat. S. 3, 4, 77.—

A quantity, number, multitude (anteclass. and very rare): magnum pondus omnium artificum, Varr. ap. Non. 466, 5.—

Trop.

Weight, consequence, importance, consideration, influence, authority, etc. (class.; cf.

momentum): persona non qualiscumque testimonii pondus habet,

Cic. Top. 19, 73:

grave ipsius conscientiae pondus est,

id. N. D. 3, 35, 85; cf.:

(honestas) aut sola expetenda est... aut certe omni pondere gravior habenda quam reliqua omnia,

id. Off. 3, 8, 35:

id est maximi momenti et ponderis,

id. Vatin. 4, 9:

qui pondus habent,

id. Att. 11, 6, 1: habet vim in ingenio [p. 1396] et pondus in vitā, id. de Or. 2, 74, 302:

magnum pondus accessit ad tollendum dubitationem, judicium et consilium tuum,

id. Fam. 11, 29, 1:

ut is intellegat, hanc meam commendationem magnum apud te pondus habuisse,

id. ib. 13, 25; cf.:

ut is intellegat meas apud te litteras maximum pondus habuisse,

id. Fam. 12, 27; 13, 35, 2:

tuae litterae maximi sunt apud me ponderis,

id. ib. 2, 19, 2:

ejus filius eodem est apud me pondere, quo fuit ille,

id. Att. 10, 1. 1.—Of style:

omnium verborum ponderibus est utendum,

Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 72:

fabula sine pondere et arte,

Hor. A. P. 320; cf.:

nugis addere pondus,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 42.—

Oppressive weight, burden ( poet. for onus):

curarum,

Luc. 9, 951; Stat. Th. 4, 39:

rerum,

Ov. Tr. 2, 237; Mart. 6, 64, 14:

tauri ruentis In Venerem tolerare pondus,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 4:

amara senectae Pondera,

Ov. M. 9, 438:

Constantius, insolentiae pondera gravius librans,

Amm. 14, 5, 1.—

Weight of character, i. e. firmness, constancy ( poet.):

nulla diu femina pondus habet,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 22:

nostri reverentia ponderis obstat,

Stat. Th. 1, 289:

hilaris, tamen cum pondere, virtus,

id. S. 2, 3, 65; cf. id. ib. 5, 3, 246.

pōne, adv. and prep. [for posine, posne; cf. Gr. pumatos, the last, and v. post].

Adv., after, behind, back, = post, a tergo (opp. ante, before; rare and mostly poet.; by Quint., 8, 3, 25, considered as archaic; cf.

also: pone gravi sono antiqui utebantur pro loci significatione,

Fest. p. 249 Müll.; Plaut. Cas. 5, 1, 16):

(moveri) et ante et pone, ad laevam et ad dextram,

Cic. Univ. 13 fin.:

(remiges) Pone petunt, exim referunt ad pectora tonsas, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. tonsam, p. 356 Müll. (Ann. v. 236 Vahl.): pone venire,

Prop. 3, 15, 30 (4, 14, 28):

pars cetera pontum Pone legit,

Verg. A. 2, 208:

pone subit conjux,

id. ib. 2, 725:

pone sequens,

id. ib. 10, 226; Sil. 8, 561:

respicere,

Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 1.—With vorsum, behind, backwards: pone vorsum illac mare est, Cato ap. Charis. p. 191 P.; cf. infra fin. —

Prep. with acc., behind (mostly anteclass. and post-Aug.):

pone quos aut ante labantur,

Cic. Univ. 10 fin.:

pone me,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

pone nos recede,

id. Poen. 3, 2, 34:

pone aedem Castoris,

id. Curc. 4, 1, 20; id. Trin. 3, 2, 37:

pone castra,

Liv. 40, 30 fin.:

aedes Africani pone Veteres,

id. 44, 16, 10:

vinctae pone tergum manus,

Tac. H. 3, 85; so,

pone tergum insurgebat silva,

id. A. 2, 16; id. H. 2, 83; 3, 60; 4, 82:

comam pone verticem submittere,

Suet. Ner. 51; id. Tib 68; Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 1; Sen. ad Marc. 9, 3; Just. 2, 7, 8.—With vorsus: postquam auspicaviatque exercitum adduxi pone vorsus castra hostium, Cato ap. Charis. p. 191 P.