-
61 Grenelle
The name of a boulevard in Paris, on which is situated the French Ministry of Labour. In 1968, at the height of the "events", talks were held in the Ministry between the labour unions and the government, to hammer out an agreement which would end the strikes and strife. Agreement was reached, but the " Accords de Grenelle" were never signed, as they were rejected by workers on the shop floor, and three days later the tide turned in favour of General de Gaulle, leading to the end of the social crisis.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Grenelle
-
62 Inspection du Travail
The French labour inspectorate. Les Inspecteurs du Travail are civil servants whose job is to check that employers respect labour laws - as specified in the arcane Code du Travail. In France, the main job of these inspectors is perceived as being to verify compliance with laws regarding terms of employment, working hours, and pay; however their mission is also to check compliance with workplace health and safety regulations. Having the right to inspect businesses without warning, they are much dreaded by many employers, particularly by the directors of small and medium-sized companies ( PMEs).Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Inspection du Travail
-
63 Syndicat
the French term for a trade union, or labor union. In France, trade unions are generally large organisations that spread across all sectors of labour, rather than sector-specific unions, and they are differentiated from each other by their political militancy and attachments. The three biggest unions are the CGT(formerly linked to the Communist party), the CFDT, and F.O. (Force Ouvrière). Many sector-specific unions (such as the SGEN - CFDT - Syndicat Général de l'Education National) are federated within these larger organisations. French trade unions have a degree of political and social power in France which far exceeds their representativity. Trade union membership in France is low by international standards - around 10% of the workforce (which is lower even than in the USA); yet as virutually the only form of legally constituted employee organisations, unions benefit from the position of privileged "social partners" ( partenaires sociaux) in a whole range of situations where decisions must be taken after discussion between employers and employees, or government and representatives of labour. See alsoparitarisme, SUD.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Syndicat
-
64 Trente-cinq heures, les
(see also RTT) In the year 2000, the socialist government of Lionel Jospin reduced the statutory working week in France from 39 hours to 35 hours - without loss of salary. Though the measure was accompanied by other changes in workplace legislation, including greater flexibility for employers and employees, and though the productivity of labour in France increased by over 4% as a result, the introduction of the 35-hour working week was not a good move for the French economy, particularly at a time of increasing globalization, and the rapid development of imports manufactured in low-labour-cost countries. The conservative Raffarin andVillepin governments tinkered with reform of the system that was much decried by employers, but failed to take any major action for fear of the trade unions and of hostile public reaction. It was not until the Sarkozy presidency that the official 35-hour working week legislation was to all intents and purposes rendered obsolete.Dictionnaire Français-Anglais. Agriculture Biologique > Trente-cinq heures, les
-
65 main d’oeuvre saisonnière
Dictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > main d’oeuvre saisonnière
-
66 travaux en régie directe
mdirect labour work, force account workDictionnaire d'ingénierie, d'architecture et de construction > travaux en régie directe
-
67 BIT
-
68 Boulogne-Billancourt
[bulɔɲbijɑ̃kur] nom propretown in the Paris suburbs, the site until recently of the state-run Renault car factory, well-known for its enlightened approach to labour relations -
69 Mo
-
70 OIT
ɔite abr nfOrganisation internationale du travail ILO, (International Labour Organisation)* * *OIT nf (abbr = Organisation internationale du travail) ILO. -
71 STO
-
72 afflux
afflux [afly]masculine noun* * *afly* * *afly nm1) [liquide] flood, influx, [sang] rush2) [curieux, visiteurs] rush* * *afflux nm inv ( de sang) rush; ( de personnes) flood; (d'argent, de capitaux, produits) influx; Électron flow.[afly] nom masculin -
73 agitation
agitation [aʒitasjɔ̃]feminine nounb. [de lieu, rue] hustle and bustlec. (Politics) unrest* * *aʒitasjɔ̃1) ( de mer) choppiness; ( d'air) turbulence; ( de branche) swaying; (de malade, d'impatient) restlessness2) (de maison, rue) bustle (de in); ( de marché) activity3) ( nervosité) agitation4) ( malaise social) unrest* * *aʒitasjɔ̃ nf1) [personne] agitation, excitementdans un état de grande agitation — in a very agitated state, in a state of great agitation
2) [personnes qui s'affairent] bustle, hustle and bustle3) (politique, sociale) unrestagitation syndicale — labour unrest Grande-Bretagne labor unrest USA
4) [particules, molécules] agitation* * *agitation nf1 ( mouvement) ( de mer) choppiness; ( d'air) turbulence; ( de branche) swaying; ( de malade) restlessness; ( d'impatient) restlessness, fidgetiness;2 ( affairement) (de maison, rue) bustle (de in); (de marché, d'échange) activity; peu d'agitation à la Bourse little activity on the Stock Exchange;3 ( nervosité) agitation;4 ( malaise social) Pol unrest.[aʒitasjɔ̃] nom féminina. [excitation] the room was buzzing with excitementb. [inquiétude] there was an uneasy atmosphere in the room -
74 bagne
bagne [baɲ]masculine noun( = prison) penal colony ; ( = peine) hard labour• c'est le bagne ! (inf) it's slavery!* * *baɲnom masculin1) ( prison) penal colony2) ( peine) penal servitude* * *baɲ nm* * *bagne nm1 ( prison) penal colony;2 ( peine) penal servitude, hard labourGB; faire vingt ans de bagne to do twenty years' hard labourGB; ce travail, c'est le bagne○! fig this job is hell○![baɲ] nom masculin[prison] prisonson travail, c'est pas le bagne! he's not exactly overworked! -
75 bassin
bassin [basɛ̃]masculine nouna. ( = pièce d'eau) ornamental lake ; (plus petit) pond ; [de piscine] pool ; [de fontaine] basin ; [de port] dockb. ( = cuvette) bowl ; [de malade alité] bedpanc. ( = région) basin* * *basɛ̃nom masculin1) ( de parc) ornamental lake; ( plus petit) pond; ( fontaine) fountain; ( de piscine) pool2) ( plat creux) bowl3) Géographie basin4) Anatomie pelvis5) Médecine bedpan6) Économie area•Phrasal Verbs:* * *basɛ̃ nm1) (= cuvette) bowl2) (= pièce d'eau) pond, [parc] lakeIl y a un bassin à poissons rouges dans le parc. — There's a goldfish pond in the park.
3) [piscine] pool4) [fontaine] basin5) GÉOGRAPHIE basin6) ANATOMIE pelvis7) (portuaire) dock* * *bassin nm1 ( de parc) ornamental lake; ( plus petit) pond; ( fontaine) fountain; ( de piscine) pool; petit/grand bassin small/main pool;2 ( plat creux) bowl;4 Anat pelvis; grand/petit bassin upper/lower pelvis;5 Méd bedpan; passer le bassin à un malade to give a patient the bedpan;6 Écon area.bassin d'effondrement fault-basin, rift; bassin d'emploi labourGB pool; bassin houiller coal field ou basin; bassin hydrographique drainage basin; bassin hygiénique bedpan; bassin minier mineral field ou basin; bassin sédimentaire sedimentary basin.[basɛ̃] nom masculin2. [piscine] poolbassin hygiénique ou de lit bedpan4. GÉOGRAPHIE basin -
76 bit
-
77 bourlinguer
bourlinguer [buʀlɛ̃ge]➭ TABLE 1 intransitive verb* * *(colloq) buʀlɛ̃ge verbe intransitif ( beaucoup naviguer) to sail the seven seas; ( beaucoup voyager) to travel around a lot* * *buʀlɛ̃ɡe vito knock about a lot, to get around a lot* * *bourlinguer○ verb table: aimer vi ( beaucoup naviguer) to sail the seven seas; ( beaucoup voyager) to travel around a lot; bourlinguer dans le monde entier to travel all over the world.[burlɛ̃ge] verbe intransitif1. [voyager par mer] to sail (around) -
78 bœuf
bœf, pl bønom masculin1) ( animal) ( de boucherie) bullock GB, steer US; ( de trait) ox2) ( viande) beef3) (colloq) Musique jam (session)faire un bœuf — (colloq) lit to have a jam; fig to be a great success
•Phrasal Verbs:••qui vole un œuf vole un bœuf — Proverbe once a thief, always a thief
fort comme un bœuf — (colloq) as strong as an ox
souffler comme un bœuf — (colloq) to huff and puff
faire un effet bœuf — (colloq) to make a fantastic (colloq) impression
* * *bœf nm1) (= animal) ox, steer2) CUISINE (= viande) beef3) MUSIQUE * jam session* * *bœuf nm1 ( animal) ( de boucherie) bullock GB, steer US; ( de trait) ox; un bœuf de labour or trait a draft ox;bœuf bourguignon beef bourguignon; bœuf gros sel boiled beef; bœuf (à la) mode braised beef; bœuf musqué Zool musk ox.qui vole un œuf vole un bœuf Prov once a thief, always a thief; fort comme un bœuf○ as strong as an ox; souffler comme un bœuf○ to huff and puff; faire un effet bœuf○ to make a fantastic○ impression.[bɶf] (pluriel [bø]) nom masculin1. ZOOLOGIE [de trait] oxsouffler comme un bœuf to wheeze ou to pant (heavily)bœuf bourguignon bœuf ou beef bourguignonbœuf gros sel ≃ boiled beef and vegetables (with sea salt)faire un bœuf to have a jam session, to jam————————[bɶf] (pluriel [bø]) adjectif invariable -
79 camp de travail forcé
-
80 capital
1. adjectivea. ( = principal) majorb. ( = essentiel) essential2. masculine nouna. ( = avoirs) capitalb. ( = placements)3. feminine nouna. ( = métropole) capitalb. ( = majuscule) capital* * *
1.
1) ( fondamental) gén key (épith), crucial; [importance] majorune découverte capitale dans la recherche contre le cancer — a major breakthrough in cancer research
2) [lettre] capital3) ( de mort)
2.
nom masculin1) Finance capital2) Économie capitalle capital et le travail — capital and labour [BrE]
3) ( ressource)le capital humain/industriel — human/industrial resources (pl)
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *kapital, o capital, -e capitaux mpl1. adj1) (= essentiel) (révélations, avancées) major2) (lettre) capital3) DROIT capital4) RELIGION2. nm1) ÉCONOMIE, FINANCE, [entreprise, banque, compagnie, société, opérateur, chaîne] capital no plun capital initial de... — initial capital of...
2) POLITIQUE3) fig stock, asset3. nf1) (= ville) capital, capital city2) (= lettre) capital (letter)4. nmpl(= fonds) capital sg money sg* * *A adj1 ( fondamental) [rôle, rencontre, témoignage, œuvre] key ( épith), crucial; [importance] major; le dernier chapitre de son livre est capital the last chapter of his/her book is crucial; une découverte capitale dans la recherche contre le cancer a major breakthrough in cancer research; c'est d'une importance capitale it's of the utmost importance; il est capital de faire it's essential to do; il est capital que tu viennes it is essential that you (should) come;2 Imprim [lettre] capital;3 ( de mort) peine capitale capital punishment.B nm1 Fin capital; société au capital de 50 000 euros company with (a) capital of 50,000 euros; procéder à une augmentation de capital to increase capital; impôt sur le capital capital levy;2 Écon capital; le capital et le travail capital and labourGB;3 ( ressource) notre capital santé our health; le capital humain/industriel human/industrial resources (pl).C capitaux nmpl Fin ( fonds) capital ¢, funds; avoir besoin/manquer de capitaux to need/to lack capital; capitaux étrangers foreign capital; marché des capitaux capital markets (pl); mouvements de capitaux capital movements.D capitale nf1 ( d'un pays) capital (city); les capitales européennes the European capitals; les rues de la capitale the streets of the capital;2 ( centre) capital; une capitale boursière/culturelle a financial/cultural capital; Lyon, capitale des gourmets Lyons, a paradise for gourmets;3 Imprim capital; en capitales d'imprimerie in block capitals.capital décès death benefit; capital fixe fixed assets (pl); capital propre equity capital; capital social issued capital; capitaux fébriles or flottants hot money ¢.I( pluriel capitaux) [kapital, o] nom masculin1. FINANCE [avoir - personnel] capital (substantif non comptable) ; [ - d'une société] capital (substantif non comptable), assetsune société au capital de 200 000 euros a firm with assets of 200,000 euroscapital réel ou versé paid-up capitalcapital fixe fixed ou capital assets2. [compensation]capital départ severance money ou pay3. [monde de l'argent, des capitalistes]4. [accumulation] stockcapitaux nom masculin pluriel[valeurs disponibles] capitalII1. [detail] vital2. [œuvre, projet] major3. [lettre - imprimée] capital ; [ - manuscrite] (block) capitalla peine capitale capital punishment, the death penalty————————capitale nom fémininla capitale [Paris] the capital, Paris2. [centre]————————en capitales locution adverbialeécrivez votre nom en capitales (d'imprimerie) write your name in block capitals, print your name
См. также в других словарях:
labour — [ labur ] n. m. • 1180; de labourer 1 ♦ Travail de labourage, façon donnée à une terre pour la retourner et l ameublir. ⇒ labourage. Labour à bras (à la bêche, à la houe). Labour à la charrue, au tracteur. Labours superficiels ou légers. Labours… … Encyclopédie Universelle
labour — la‧bour [ˈleɪbə ǁ ər] , labor noun [uncountable] 1. work involving a lot of physical or mental effort: • The garage charges £65 an hour for labour. • those involved in repetitive, unskilled manual labour (= work that involves using your … Financial and business terms
labour — (US & Austral. labor) ► NOUN 1) work, especially hard physical work. 2) workers collectively. 3) (Labour) the Labour Party. 4) the process of childbirth. ► VERB 1) work hard … English terms dictionary
labour — Labour, ou labourage, Cultus agrorum, Agricultura, Aratio, Agricolatio. Qui est en labour, Ager cultus et nitidus. B. Labour de terre, Molitio agrorum. Entretenir le labour, Tenere studia agri colendi. Qui se cognoist au labour, Prudens… … Thresor de la langue françoyse
labour — Labour. s. m. La façon qu on donne aux terres en les labourant. Il faut donner deux labours à cette terre. on luy a donné tant pour son labour. il luy faut payer ses labours & semences. On appelle, Chevaux de labour, Les chevaux dont on se sert… … Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
labour — British English spelling of LABOR (Cf. labor) (q.v.); for spelling, see OR (Cf. or). As short for the British Labour Party it is from 1906 … Etymology dictionary
labour — la bour, n. Same as {labor}; British spelling. [Chiefly Brit.] [PJC] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Labour — (spr. Labuhr), ehemalige Landschaft im südwestlichen Frankreich, Theil der Gascogne; Hauptstadt war Bayonne … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Labour — er det engelske arbejderparti … Danske encyklopædi
labour — is the standard spelling in BrE, whereas labor is the standard form in AmE … Modern English usage
labour — [lā′bər] n., vi., vt. Brit. sp. of LABOR … English World dictionary