-
41 μέν
μέν, Particle, used partly to express certainty on the part of the speaker or writer; partly, and more commonly, to point out that the word or clause with which it stands is correlative to another word or clause that is to follow, the latter word or clause being introduced by δέ.AI μέν used absolutely to express certainty, not followed by correlative δέ, indeed, of a truth, synonymous with μήν, as appears from the [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. form ἦ μέν in protestations and oaths (where [dialect] Att. used ἦ μήν), καί μοι ὄμοσσον, ἦ μ. μοι πρόφρων ἔπεσιν καὶ χερσὶν ἀρήξειν Il.1.77
, cf. 14.275;ἦ μέν τοι τάδε πάντα τελείεται Od.14.160
, cf. Il.24.416;τοῦτον ἐξορκοῖ, ἦ μέν οἱ διηκονήσειν Hdt.4.154
, cf. 5.93, etc.: with neg.,οὐ μὲν γάρ τι κακὸν βασιλευέμεν Od.1.392
, etc.;ὤμοσα, μὴ μὲν.. ἀναφῆναι 4.254
, cf. Hdt.2.118, 179;ἔξαρνος ἦν, μὴ μὲν ἀποκτεῖναι Id.3.67
, cf. 99: without neg., : also in Trag., , cf. 159 (anap.), OC44, E.Med. 676, 1129, etc.;καὶ μέν Il.1.269
, 9.632, etc.; οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδὲ .. 2.703, 12.212; γε μέν, cf. γε 1.5.2 an answering clause with δέ is sts. implied, τὴν μὲν ἐγὼ σπουδῇ δάμνημ' ἐπέεσσι her can I hardly subdue, [ but all others easily], Il.5.893; ὡς μὲν λέγουσι as indeed they say, [ but as I believe not], E.Or. 8; καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἦν αὐτῷ πόλεμος (with no ἔπειτα δέ to follow), X. An.1.9.14; so νῦν μέν σ' ἀφήσω I will let you go this time, Herod.5.81: to give force to assertions made by a person respecting himself, wherein opposition to other persons is implied,ὡς μὲν ἐμῷ θυμῷ δοκεῖ Od. 13.154
; δοκεῖν μέν μοι ἥξει τήμερον [τὸ πλοῖον] Pl.Cri. 43d: hence with the pers. Pron.,ἐγὼ μέν νυν θεοῖσι ἔχω χάριν Hdt.1.71
; ἐγὼ μὲν οὐδέν (sc. θέλω) S.Ant. 498;ἐμοῦ μὲν οὐχ ἑκόντος Id.Aj. 455
;ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ οἶδα X.Cyr.1.4.12
, cf. 4.2.45, etc.: with the demonstr. Pron., : generally, to emphasize the preceding word, πολλὴ μὲν ἡ μεταβολή μοι γέγονεν great indeed has been the change, Is.1.1, cf. Simon.5.1, etc.3 μέν is used alone in questions, when the answer is assumed, I take it, θέμις μὲν ἡμᾶς χρησμὸν εἰδέναι θεοῦ; E.Med. 676, cf. Ion 520 (troch.), Hipp. 316, S.Ant. 634, Ar.Av. 1214; Ἕλλην μέν ἐστι καὶ Ἑλληνίζει; Pl.Men. 82b.II μέν folld. by δέ in the correlative clause or clauses, on the one hand, on the other hand; commonly in Classical Gr., less freq. in later Gr. (rare in NT):1 μέν.., δέ .. (or when the correlative clause is neg., μέν.., οὐδέ .., Il.1.318, 536), to mark opposition, Hom., etc.—The opposed clauses commonly stand together, but are freq. separated by clauses, parenthetic or explanatory; e.g. μέν in Il.2.494 is answered by δέ in 511, 527 sq.; in X.An.1.9.2, πρῶτον μέν is answered by ἐπεὶ δέ in <*> 6; in Id.Mem.1.1.2, πρῶτον μέν is answered by θαυμαστὸν δέ in 1.2.1.2 to connect a series of clauses containing different matter, though with no opposition, Il.1.18sq., 306 sq. (five δέ-clauses), 433 sq. (eight δέ-clauses), cf. X.An. 1.3.14,7.10sq.: freq. when the members of a group or class are distinctly specified, παῖδες δύο, πρεσβύτερος μὲν Ἀρταξέρξης, νεώτερος δὲ Κῦρος ib.1.1.1; τάφρος.., τὸ μὲν εὖρος ὀργυιαὶ πέντε, τὸ δὲ βάθος ὀργυιαὶ τρεῖς ib.1.7.14; πρῶτος μέν.., δεύτερος δέ.., τρίτος δέ .. ib.5.6.9; τότε μέν.., τότε δέ .., at one time.., at another.., ib.6.1.9, etc.: esp. with the Art. used as a Pron., ὁ μέν.., ὁ δέ.. ; τὸ μέν.., τὸ δέ .., etc.3 the principal word is freq. repeated,οἳ περὶ μὲν βουλὴν Δαναῶν, περὶ δ' ἐστὲ μάχεσθαι Il.1.258
, cf. 288, Od.15.70;ἔνι μὲν φιλότης, ἐν δ' ἵμερος, ἐν δ' ὀαριστύς Il.14.216
;Ξέρξης μὲν ἄγαγεν.., Ξέρξης δ' ἀπώλεσεν A.Pers. 550
, cf. 560, 694, 700 (all lyr.);χαλεπαίνει μὲν πρῳρεύς, χαλεπαίνει δὲ κυβερνήτης X.An.5.8.20
.4 one of the correlative clauses is sts. independent, while the other takes the part. or some other dependent form, ἐβλασφήμει κατ' ἐμοῦ.., μάρτυρα μὲν.. οὐδένα παρασχόμενος.., παρεκελεύετο δέ .. D.57.11;οἱ ἀμφὶ βασιλέα, πεζοὶ μὲν οὐκέτι, τῶν δὲ ἱππέων ὁ λόφος ἐνεπλήσθη X.An.1.10.12
, cf. 2.1.7, 5.6.29; , cf. OC 522 (bothlyr.);χωρὶς μὲν τοῦ ἐστερῆσθαι.., ἔτι δὲ καὶ.. δόξω ἀμελῆσαι Pl.Cri.44
b.5 μέν and δέ freq. oppose two clauses, whereof one is subordinate to the other in meaning or emphasis, ἀλλ' ἐκεῖνο θαυμάζω, εἰ Λακεδαιμονίοις μέν ποτε.. ἀντήρατε,.. νυνὶ δὲ ὀκνεῖτ' ἐξιέναι (for εἰ.. ἀντάραντες νυνὶ ὀκνεῖτε) D.2.24, cf. E.IT 116, Lys.34.11, X.Mem.2.7.11, etc.: so in an anacoluthon, τρία μὲν ὄντα.. ναυτικά.., τούτων δ' εἰ περιόψεσθε τὰ δύο, κτλ., Th.1.36.6 μέν is not always answered by δέ, but freq. by other equiv. Particles, as ἀλλά, Il.1.22 sq., 2.703 sq., Pi.O.9.1, A.Pers. 176, X.An.1.7.17:—by μέντοι, Hdt.1.36, S.Ph. 350, D.21.189, etc.:—by ἀτάρ, Il.6.84, 124, A.Pr. 342, S.OT 1051sq., Pl. Tht. 172c, etc. (so μέν.., αὐτάρ in [dialect] Ep., Il.1.50, Od.19.513, etc.):— by αὖ, Il.11.108, Od.4.210:—by αὖθις, S.Ant. 165:—by αὖτε, Il.1.234, Od.22.5:—by temporal Particles, πρῶτα μέν.., εἶτα .. S.El. 261; πρῶτον μέν.., μετὰ τοῦτο .. X.An.6.1.5-7; μάλιστα μὲν δὴ.., ἔπειτα μέντοι .. S.Ph. 350, cf. OT 647:—rarely by μήν with neg.,οὐδὲν μὴν κωλύει Pl.Phdr. 268e
;οὐ μὴν αὐταί γε Id.Phlb. 12d
.b when the opposition is emphatic, δέ is sts. strengthd., as ὅμως δέ .. S.OT 785, Ph. 473, 1074, etc. (so ); δ' αὖ .. Il.4.415, X.An.1.10.5; δ' ἔμπης .. Il.1.561-2.c μέν is sts. answered by a copul. Particle, κάρτιστοι μὲν ἔσαν καὶ καρτίστοις ἐμάχοντο ib. 267, cf. 459, Od. 22.475, S.Aj.1, Tr. 689, E.Med. 125 (anap.), etc.: rarely in Prose,τρία μὲν ἔτη ἀντεῖχον.., καὶ οὐ πρότερον ἐνέδοσαν Th.2.65
(dub.).B μέν before other Particles:I where each Particle retains its force,2μὲν γάρ S.OT62
, Th.1.142, etc.:— in Hom. there is freq. no second clause, Od.1.173, 392, cf. S.OT 1062, etc.;μὲν γὰρ δή Il.11.825
;μὲν γάρ τε 17.727
.3 μέν γε, when a general statement is explained in detail,Κορινθίοις μέν γε ἔνσπονδοί ἐστε Th.1.40
, cf. 70, 6.86, Hdt.6.46, Antipho 5.14, Lys. 13.27, Is.4.8, Ar.Nu. 1382, V. 564, E.Fr.909.4.4μὲν δή Il.1.514
, Hdt.1.32, etc.: freq. used to express positive certainty,ἀλλ' οἶσθα μὲν δή S. Tr. 627
, cf. OT 294;τὰ μὲν δὴ τόξ' ἔχεις Id.Ph. 1308
; esp. as a conclusion,τοῦτο μὲν δὴ.. ὁμολογεῖται Pl.Grg. 470b
, cf. X.Cyr.1.1.6, etc.: in closing a statement,τοιαῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα A.Pr. 500
, etc.: used in answers to convey full assent, ἦ μὲν δή (cf. supr. A) Il.9.348, Od.4.33;καὶ μὲν δή.. γε Pl.R. 409b
; οὐ μὲν δή, to deny positively, Il.8.238, X.Cyr.1.6.9, Pl.Tht. 148e, etc.;οὐ μὲν δή.. γε X.An.2.2.3
, 3.2.14; ἀλλ' οὔ τι μὲν δή .. Pl.Tht. 187a.5 μὲν οὖν, v. infr.11.2.II where the Particles combine so as to form a new sense,1 μέν γε at all events, at any rate (not in Trag.),τοῦτο μέν γ' ἤδη σαφές Ar.Ach. 154
, cf. Nu. 1172, Lys. 1165, Ra.80, Th.3.39;μέν γέ που Pl.R. 559b
, Tht. 147a.2 μὲν οὖν is freq. used with a corresponding δέ, so that each Particle retains its force, Od.4.780, Pi.O.1.111, S.OT 244, 843; Ph. 359, D.2.5, etc.: but freq. also abs., so then, S.Ant.65;ταῦτα μὲν οὖν παραλείψω D.2.3
; esp. in replies, sts. in strong affirmation,παντάπασι μὲν οὖν Pl.Tht. 158d
; κομιδῇ μὲν οὖν ib. 159e; πάνυ μὲν οὖν ib. 159b; ἀνάγκη μὲν οὖν ib. 189e; also to substitute a new statement so as to correct a preceding statement, nay rather, κακοδαίμων; Answ. βαρυδαίμων μὲν οὖν! Ar.Ec. 1102; μου πρὸς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀποψῶ wipe your nose on my head: Answ. ἐμοῦ μὲν οὖν .. nay on mine, Id.Eq. 911, cf. A.Pers. 1032 (lyr.), Ag. 1090 (lyr.), 1396, S.Aj. 1363, El. 1503, OT 705, Ar.Ra. 241, Pl.Cri. 44b, Grg. 466a, 470b, Prt. 309d, etc.; alsoμὲν οὖν δή S.Tr. 153
;καὶ δὴ μὲν οὖν Id.OC31
; cf. οὐμενοῦν: in NT μενοῦν and μενοῦνγε, to begin a sentence, yea rather, Ev.Luc.11.28, Ep.Rom.9.20, etc., cf. Phryn.322, Hsch.—In [dialect] Ion., μέν νυν is used for μὲν οὖν, Hdt.1.18, 4.145, etc.3 by μέν τε, if δέ τε follows, the two clauses are more closely combined than by τε.., τε .., Il.5.139, al.; μέν τε is freq. answered by δέ alone, 16.28, al.; by ἀλλά, αὐτάρ, 17.727, Od.1.215, al.; perh. by ἠδέ, Il.4.341:— Hom. also uses μέν τε abs., when τε loses its force, as after ἦ, τίς, etc., Il.2.145, al.4 μέν τοι in Hom. always occurs in speeches, where τοι can be regarded as the dat. of the Pron.: later, μέντοι is written as a single word, and is used:a with a conj. force, yet, nevertheless, A.Pr. 320, 1054 (anap.), S.Tr. 413, etc.; and sts. stands for δέ, answering to μέν, v. supr. A.11.6 a.b as an Adv., in strong protestations, οὐ μέντοι μὰ Δία .. D.4.49; in eager or positive assent, of course, φαμέν τι εἶναι .. ; Answ.φαμὲν μέντοι νὴ Δία Pl.Phd. 65d
, al.: with a neg. to give emphasis to a question, οὐ σὺ μέντοι .. ; why, are you not.. ? Id.Prt. 309a, cf. Phdr. 229b, R. 339b, etc.: sts. to express impatience, ὄμνυμι γάρ σοι—τίνα μέντοι, τίνα θεῶν; Id.Phdr. 236d; τί μ. πρῶτον ἦν, τί πρῶτον ἦν; nay what was the first? Ar.Nu. 787;οὗτος, σὲ λέγω μ. Id.Ra. 171
; σὺ μέντοι .. Luc.Alex.44: with imper., to enforce the command, τουτὶ μ. σὺ φυλάττου only take heed.., Ar. Pax 1100, cf.Av. 661, X.An.1.4.8: in answers, γελοῖον μέντἂν εἴη nay it would be absurd, Pl.Tht. 158e; summing up a long temporal clause, And.1.130.cμέντοι γε X.Cyr.5.5.24
, etc.;οὐ μ. γε Diog.Apoll.5
: in later Gr. μέντοιγε stands first in the sentence,μ. οὐ θέλω PLond.3.897.13
(i A.D.); also , S.OT 778, 1292, E.Hec. 600;ὅμως γε μ. Ar.Ra.61
.d καὶ μ. καί is used to add a point to be noted, Heraclit.28, Pl.R. 331d; also καί.. μ., νῦν σοι καιρός ἐστιν ἐπιδείξασθαι τὴν παιδείαν, καὶ φυλάξασθαι μέντοι .. and of course to take care.., X.An.4.6.15 (v.l.), cf. 1.8.20, Pl.Prt. 339c, Tht. 143a.e ἀλλὰ μέντοι well, if it comes to that, X.An.4.6.16; well, of course, Pl.R. 331e, etc.; cf. μέντον.D Position of μέν. Like δέ, it usu. stands as the second word in a sentence. But when a sentence begins with words common to its subordinate clauses, μέν stands second in the first of these clauses, asἥδε γὰρ γυνὴ δούλη μέν, εἴρηκεν δ' ἐλεύθερον λόγον S.Tr.63
; οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἐτάξαντο μέν.., ἡσύχαζον δέ .. Th.4.73, cf. 113, etc. It also attaches itself to words which mark opposition, as πρῶτον μέν, τότε μέν, ἐγὼ μέν, even when these do not stand first: sts. however it precedes them,ὡς μὲν ἐγὼ οἶμαι Pl.Phdr. 228b
;ὡς μέν τινες ἔφασαν X.Cyr.5.2.28
. It generally stands between the Art. and Noun, or the Prep. and its Case: but if special stress is laid on the Noun, this is sts. neglected, asοἱ Τεγεᾶται μὲν ἐπηυλίσαντο, Μαντινῆς δὲ ἀπεχώρησαν Th.4.134
; ἀνὰ τὸ σκοτεινὸν μέν .. Id.3.22; alsoτῇ σῇ μὲν εὐδαιμονίῃ, τῇ ἐμεωυτοῦ δὲ κακοδαιμονίῃ Hdt. 1.87
.II μέν is freq. repeated:1 when, besides the opposition of two main clauses, a subordinate opposition is introduced into the first, ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ τοιαῦτα μὲν πεποίηκε τοιαῦτα δὲ λέγει, ὑμῶν δέ .. X.An.1.6.9, cf. 5.8.24, Th.8.104, D.18.214, 23.208.2 in apodosi with the demonstr. Pron. or Adv., τὸν μὲν καλέουσι θέρος, τοῦτον μὲν προσκυνέουσι, τὸν δὲ χειμῶνα .. Hdt.2.121; ὅσοι μὲν δὴ νομοῦ τοῦ Θηβαίου εἰσί, οὗτοι μέν [νυν].. αἶγας θύουσι· ὅσοι δὲ.. νομοῦ τοῦ Μενδησίου εἰσί, οὗτοι δὲ.. ὄϊς θύουσι ib.42, cf.3.108, al.; ὅτε μέν με οἱ ἄρχοντες ἔταττον.., τότε μὲν ἔμενον.., τοῦ δὲ θεοῦ τάττοντος,.. ἐνταῦθα δέ .. Pl.Ap. 28e, cf. Grg. 512a.3 μέν used absolutely is freq. folld. by a correlativeμέν, εἰ μὲν οὖν ἡμεῖς μὲν.. ποιοῦμεν Id.R. 421a
.III μέν is sts. omitted (esp. in Poetry) where it is implied in the followingδέ, φεύγων, ὁ δ' ὄπισθε διώκων Il.22.157
;ἐλευθεροῦτε πατρίδ', ἐλευθεροῦτε δὲ παῖδας A. Pers. 403
;σφραγῖδε.. χρυσοῦν ἔχουσα τὸν δακτύλιον, ἡ δ' ἑτέρα ἀργυροῦν IG22.1388.45
, cf. Ar.Nu. 396, Pl.Sph. 221e, Arist.Po. 1447b14, etc. -
42 alacer
ălăcer, cris, e, adj. (also in masc. alacris, Enn., v. below; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13, and Verg. A. 5, 380; cf. Charis. p. 63 P.—In more ancient times, alacer comm.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 685, and 2. acer) [perh. akin to alere = to nourish, and olēre = to grow; cf. Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17; Auct. ad Her. 2, 19, 29], lively, brisk, quick, eager, active; glad, happy, cheerful (opp. languidus; cf. Doed. Syn. 3, 247, and 4, 450.—In the class. per., esp. in Cicero, with the access. idea of joyous activity).I.Lit.A.Of men: ignotus juvenum coetus, alternā vice Inibat alacris, Bacchio insultans modo, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P.:B.quid tu es tristis? quidve es alacris?
why are you so disturbed? or why so excited? Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 13 ( = incitatus, commotus, Ruhnk.):videbant Catilinam alacrem atque laetum,
active and joyous, Cic. Mur. 24, 49:valentes imbecillum, alacres perterritum superare,
id. Cael. 28:Aman laetus et alacer,
Vulg. Esth. 5, 9:alacres animo sumus,
are eager in mind, Cic. Fam. 5, 12 fin. Manut.; Verg. A. 6, 685 al.—With ad: alacriores ad reliquum perficiendum, Auct. ad Her. 2, 31:ad maleficia,
id. ib. 2, 30:ad bella suscipienda alacer et promptus animus,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19; so Sall. C. 21, 5:ad rem gerendam,
Nep. Paus. 2, 6.—With super:alacri corde super omnibus,
Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 66.—In Sall. once for nimble, active: cum alacribus saltu, cum velocibus cursu certabat, Fragm. 62, p. 248 Gerl.—Of animals:II.equus,
Cic. Div. 33, 73: bestiae, Auct. ad Her. 2, 19. —Transf., poet., of concrete and abstract things:alacris voluptas,
a lively pleasure, Verg. E. 5, 58; so, alacres enses, quick, ready to cut, Claud. Eutr. 2, 280:involant (in pugnam) impetu alacri,
with a spirited, vigorous onset, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 90. — Sup. not used; cf. Charis. 88 P.; Rudd. I. p. 177, n. 48.— Adv.: ălăcrĭter, briskly, eagerly, Amm. 14, 2.— Comp., Just. 1, 6, 10. -
43 σεύω
Aσευέμεν A.R.2.296
; with ς doubled after the augm., as always in Hom. (exc. in ἐξεσύθη (Zenod. and most codd. for - λύθη) Il.5.293): [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.σεύεσκε Q.S.2.353
: [tense] aor.ἔσσευα Il.5.208
; [dialect] Ep. alsoσεῦα 20.189
; [ per.] 3sg. subj.σεύῃ 11.293
:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. subj. σεύωνται (v.l. -ονται) ib. 415: [tense] impf. or [tense] aor.ἐσσεύοντο 2.808
: [tense] aor.ἐσσεύαντο 11.549
(v.l. -οντο); [dialect] Ep.σεύατο 6.505
:—[voice] Pass., B.Scol.Oxy. 1361Fr.1.7: [tense] aor. ἐσύθην [ῠ] E.Hel. 1302 (lyr.) (ἐξ- Il.
, v. supr.), , also (lyr.); subj. [ per.] 3sg.συθῇ Hp.Mul.1.36
, 2.138; part. , Pers. 866, S.OC 119(alllyr.); in iamb., Id.OT 446: [tense] pf. (with [tense] pres. sense)ἔσσῠμαι Il.13.79
; part. ἐσσύμενος (not - μένος) 11.554, al., Adv.ἐσσῠμένως 3.85
, al.: σεσύανται· ὡρμήκασιν, Hsch.: poet.[tense] aor. 2 ἐσσύμην [ῠ], [ per.] 2sg.ἔσσυο Il.16.585
, Od.9.447; [ per.] 3sg. ἔσσῠτο, [dialect] Ep.σύτο Il.21.167
, ,Ph. 1065 (both lyr.); part. , Eu. 1007, cf. 786, 816 (all lyr.): also σεῦται, [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. [voice] Pass., S.Tr. 645 ( σοῦται is prob. cj.), σοῦμαι ([dialect] Dor.σῶμαι Epil.3
),σοῦνται A.Pers.25
(anap.); imper. , (anap.),σοῦσθε A.Th.31
, Ar.V. 458, etc.; inf.σοῦσθαι Plu.2.362c
: Hsch. cites imper. σύθι or σῦθι:—poet. Verb (also in [dialect] Ion. Prose, Hp. and Aret. (v. infr.)), put in quick motion, drive: esp.1 hunt, chase, ; drive away, ; σεύοντ' ([ per.] 3pl.)ἀγέλας βίᾳ B.17.10
: more freq. in [voice] Med.,ὡς δ' ὅτε κάπριον ἀμφὶ κύνες σεύωνται Il.11.415
, cf. 549, 3.26;ὥς τ'.. ἄγριον αἶγα ἐσσεύαντο κύνες 15.272
, cf. 20.148: metaph.,σ. κακότητα ἀπὸ καρήνου h.Hom.8.12
; θάμβος με ς. Orph.L. 531.2 set on, let loose at,ὅτε πού τις θηρητὴρ κύνας.. σεύῃ ἐπ' ἀγροτέρῳ συΐ Il.11.293
.3 drive or hurry away to or from a place, ;ἵππους ἐκ πεδίοιο 15.681
; [τινὰ] κατ' Ἰδαίων ὀρέων 20.189
: c. inf., [ἡμιόνους] σεῦαν ποταμὸν παρὰ δινήεντα τρώγειν.. drove, Od.6.89.4 set in swift motion, ὅλμον δ' ὣς ἔσσευε [Πείσανδρον] κυλίνδεσθαι sped him so that he rolled, Il.11.147;στρόμβον δ' ὣς ἔσσευε βαλών 14.413
; also αἷμ' ἔσσευα shed blood, 5.208; v. infr. 11.1.II [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., to be put in quick motion, and so, run, rush, dart or shoot along, ἐπὶ τεύχεα to arms, 2.808;ἐπὶ κοῖτον Od.14.456
;νέρθε δὲ ποσσὶν ἔσσυμαι Il.13.79
;σεύατ' ἔπειτ' ἀνὰ ἄστυ 6.505
;σεύατ' ἔπειτ' ἐπὶ κῦμα Od.5.51
, cf. Il.14.227;κατ' ἀμαξιτόν 22.146
;παρ' ἐρινεόν 11.167
; ἀμφ' Ὀδυσῆα ib. 419;ἰθὺς Λυκίων 16.585
;διὰ σπέος Od.9.447
; so in Trag., ἐκτόπιος συθείς having gone, departed, opp. παρών, S.OC 119;ἀφ' ἑστίας A.Pers. 866
; ; ;κατὰ γᾶς σύμεναι Id.Eu. 1007
, cf. Ag. 747; ; of things, αἷμα σύτο gushed out, Il.21.167;ψυχὴ κατ'.. ὠτειλὴν ἔσσυτο 14.519
;ἐκ πυρὸς συθεὶς σίδηρος A.Th. 941
;ἐσύθη ἔξω πῦον Aret.SD1.9
; so of flux,ἢν πολλὰ συθῇ Hp.Mul.1.36
; of the eruption of disease, ὅταν τὰ παρέοντα συθῇ νοσήματα ib.2.138.2 c. inf., hasten, speed, ὅτε σεύαιτο διώκειν when he hasted to pursue, Il.17.463; ὄφρα ὕλη σεύαιτο καήμεναι that the wood might begin (cf. Engl. start) to burn, 23.198, cf. 210; ἔσσυται κελαδῆσαι is eager to sing of, Pi.I.8(7).67.3 metaph., to be eager, have longings,θυμὸς ἔσσυται Od.10.484
; esp. in [tense] pf. part. ἐσσύμενος used as Adj, v. sub voce. ( σεϝ-: σῠ-, from I.-Eur. [kcirc ]yew-: [kcirc ]y[ucaron]-, cf. Skt. cyávati 'set in motion', part. [voice] Pass. cyutás:— σοῦμαι, etc., perh. [var] contr. fr. Σοοῦμαι ( = Σοόομαι, fr. σό (ϝ) ος, q.v.).) -
44 Liegen
1. Sache: lie; die Flaschen müssen liegen the bottles have to lie flat; der Boden lag voller Zeitungen the floor was strewn with newspapers; der Schnee lag meterhoch the snow was piled up to a height of several met|res (Am. -ers); es lag viel Schnee there was a lot of snow (on the ground); liegt mein Haar richtig? is my hair all right?; der Griff liegt gut in der Hand the grip sits nicely in your hand2. Person: lie; im Gras / auf dem Bett liegen lie in the grass / on the bed; liegen bleiben (nicht aufstehen) not get up; im Bett: auch stay in bed; Boxen: stay down; er blieb verletzt liegen he was unable to get up because he was injured3. Kranker: be in bed; weitS. (krank sein) be laid up; liegen müssen Kranker: have to stay in bed; flach: have to lie flat; er hat drei Wochen gelegen he was in bed ( oder was laid up) for three weeks4. (gelegen sein) Stadt etc.: lie, be (situated); Gebäude: be (situated oder located); das Dorf liegt hoch über dem Tal the village is (situated) high above the valley; liegen nach Haus: face; Zimmer: auch look out on, overlook5. NAUT., Schiff: lie; im Hafen liegt seit gestern eine Segelyacht there’s been a yacht in (the) harbo(u)r since yesterday6. fig.: da liegt der Fehler that’s where the trouble lies; wie die Sache jetzt liegt as matters (now) stand, as things are at the moment; es liegt hinter uns it’s behind us; da liegt noch einiges vor uns we’ve got quite a lot coming up; in ihrer Stimme lag leise Ironie there was a hint of irony in her voice; das lag nicht in meiner Absicht that was not my intention; die Schwierigkeit liegt darin, dass... the problem is that...7. liegen bleiben Sachen: be left ( auf + Dat on); Schnee: settle; (vergessen werden) be left (behind); auch fig. be forgotten; fig. Arbeit: be left unfinished; WIRTS., Waren: be left unsold; umg. be left on the shelf; mit dem Auto: unterwegs liegen bleiben have a breakdown on the way; das kann liegen bleiben fig. that can wait; liegen geblieben (vergessen) forgotten; Auto etc.: stranded; (aufgegeben) abandoned; liegen gebliebene Bücher etc. books etc. left behind8. liegen lassen (vergessen) leave behind, forget; (in Ruhe lassen) leave alone; (Arbeit) leave (unfinished); die Arbeit liegen lassen (unterbrechen) stop work; plötzlich: drop everything; Fabrikarbeiter: down tools, Am. walk out; alles liegen lassen (nicht aufräumen) leave everything lying around, not clean up; lass es liegen! don’t touch it!; links I9. (gemäß sein) das liegt mir nicht it’s not my thing; er liegt mir überhaupt nicht he’s not my type of person; als Mann: he’s not my type; nichts liegt mir ferner nothing could be further from my mind10. mit Präp.: liegen an (+ Dat) be near; an einer Straße, einem Fluss: be on; (dicht an) be next to; fig., Ursache: be because of; an der Spitze etc. liegen be in front etc.; es liegt an dir Schuld: it’s your fault; etw. zu tun: it’s up to you; an mir solls nicht liegen I’ll certainly do my best; (ich werde dir nicht im Weg stehen) I won’t stand in the way; an mir solls nicht liegen, wenn die Sache schief geht it won’t be my fault ( oder through any fault of mine) if it goes wrong; es liegt daran, dass... it’s because...; es liegt mir daran zu (+ Inf.) I’m keen (Am. eager) to (+ Inf.) es liegt mir sehr viel daran it means a lot to me; es liegt mir viel an ihr she means a lot to me; mir liegt viel an deiner Mitarbeit your cooperation is very important to me; es liegt mir nichts daran it doesn’t mean much to me; es liegt mir nichts daran zu gewinnen it doesn’t make any difference to me whether I win or not11. mit Präp.: liegen auf (+ Akk) lie on; Akzent: be on; der Wagen liegt gut ( auf der Straße) the car holds (the road) well; es liegt Nebel auf den Feldern mist is hanging over the fields; Hand1 3, Seele112. mit Präp.: der Gewinn liegt bei fünf Millionen there is a profit of five million; die Temperaturen liegen bei 30 Grad temperatures are ( im Wetterbericht: will be) around 30 degrees (centigrade); die Entscheidung liegt bei dir it’s your decision, it’s up to you; Blut 1, Magen etc.* * *to recline; to be situated; to lie; to be* * *lie|gen* * *1) (to be in or take a more or less flat position: She went into the bedroom and lay on the bed; The book was lying in the hall.) lie2) (to be situated; to be in a particular place etc: The farm lay three miles from the sea; His interest lies in farming.) lie3) ((with with) (of a duty etc) to belong to: The choice rests with you.) rest4) (to lie or rest; to have a certain position: The parcel is sitting on the table.) sit5) (to be in a particular state, condition or situation: As matters stand, we can do nothing to help; How do you stand financially?) stand* * *lie·gen< lag, gelegen>[ˈli:gn̩]1. (sich in horizontaler Lage befinden) to lieich liege noch im Bett I'm still [lying] in bedwährend der Krankheit musste sie \liegen while she was ill she had to lie down all the timeWeinflaschen müssen \liegen wine bottles should lie flathast du irgendwo meine Schlüssel \liegen gesehen? have you seen my keys lying [around] anywhere?deine Brille müsste eigentlich auf dem Schreibtisch \liegen your glasses should be [lying] on the deskHerzkranke müssen hoch/höher \liegen people with heart problems should lie with their heads raiseddas Flugzeug lag ganz ruhig in der Luft the plane was flying quite smoothlyder Wagen liegt gut auf der Straße the car holds the road wellauf dieser Matratze liegt man weich/weicher this mattress is soft/softer for lying onin diesem Bett liegt es sich hart/weich this bed is hard/softkrank im Bett \liegen to be ill in bedim Krankenhaus/auf Station 2 \liegen to be in hospital/in ward 2unbequem \liegen to lie uncomfortably [or in an uncomfortable position]bleib \liegen! don't get up!, stay down!sie blieb bewusstlos auf dem Boden \liegen she lay unconscious on the floor; s.a. Knie, links, stehen2. (sich befinden) to be [lying]ein Lächeln lag auf seinem Gesicht there was a smile on his facedie Stadt lag in dichtem Nebel the town was enveloped in thick fog, thick fog hung [or lay] over the towndie Betonung liegt auf der zweiten Silbe the stress is on the second syllableich habe noch einen guten Wein im Keller \liegen I have a good wine in the cellaretw liegt [nicht] in jds Absicht sth is [not] sb's intentiones liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun it is not my intention to do thatetw liegt nicht in jds Hand/Macht sth is out of sb's hands/not within sb's powerdas liegt leider nicht in meiner Hand/Macht unfortunately that is out of my hands/not within my powerverstreut \liegen to be [or lie] scattered[irgendwo] \liegen bleiben (nicht weggenommen werden) to be left [somewhere]Hände weg, das Buch bleibt [da] \liegen! hands off, the book's going nowhere!etw \liegen lassen (zurücklassen) to leave sth [there]; (verstreut) to leave sth lying about [or around]er ließ die Briefe auf dem Tisch liegen he left the letters [lying] on the deskder Schnee lag 1 Meter hoch the snow was 1 metre deepes liegt Schnee auf den Bergen there is snow [lying] on the hillshier in den Bergen liegt oft bis Mitte April noch Schnee here in the mountains the snow often lies on the ground until mid-Aprilauf den Autos liegt weißer Reif there is a white [covering of] frost on the carsbei euch liegt aber viel Staub it's very dusty [in] hereüber allen Möbeln lag eine dicke Staubschicht there was a thick layer of dust over all the furniture4. (vergessen werden)irgendwo \liegen bleiben to be [or get] left behind somewheremein Hut muss in dem Restaurant \liegen geblieben sein I must have left my hat in the restaurantetw \liegen lassen to leave sth behindverflixt, ich muss meinen Schirm in der U-Bahn \liegen gelassen haben! damn, I must have left my umbrella [behind] on the underground!5. (nicht erledigt werden)\liegen bleiben to be left [undone], not to get donediese Briefe können bis morgen \liegen bleiben these letters can wait until tomorrowetw \liegen lassen to leave sth [undone]6. ÖKON\liegen bleiben (nicht verkauft werden) to remain unsold, not to sellwenn uns diese Waren \liegen bleiben... if we are left with these things [on our hands]...ihr Haus liegt an einem romantischen See their house is situated by a romantic lakedas liegt auf dem Weg/ganz in der Nähe it's on the way/quite nearbyeine bildhübsch/ruhig/verkehrsgünstig gelegene Villa a villa in a picturesque/quiet/easily accessible locationein einsam gelegener Bauernhof an isolated farmetw links/rechts \liegen lassen to leave sth on one's left/rightnach Norden/zum Garten/zur Straße \liegen to face north/the garden/the roaddiese Wohnung liegt nach vorn zur Straße [hinaus] this flat faces [out onto] the streetdas Fenster liegt zum Garten the window faces the gardenverkehrsgünstig \liegen Stadt to have good communications8. (begraben sein)▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [or lie] buried somewhere▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [moored] somewhereein paar Fischerboote lagen am Kai a couple of fishing boots were moored to the quay10. MILvor Paris \liegen to be stationed outside Parisirgendwo [in Quartier] \liegen to be quartered somewhere\liegen bleiben to break down [or have a breakdown], to conk out fam12. (zeitlich) to bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir I still have that to come/that's all behind me nowdie Stunden, die zwischen den Prüfungen lagen the hours between the examinationsdas liegt schon so lange zurück it is so long ago13. (in einem Wettbewerb)▪ irgendwo \liegen to be [or lie] somewherewie \liegen unsere Schwimmer eigentlich im Wettbewerb? how are our swimmers doing in the competition?die Mannschaft liegt jetzt auf dem zweiten Tabellenplatz the team is now second in the divisionin den Charts an erster Stelle \liegen to top the chartsin Führung/auf den hinteren Plätzen/an der Spitze \liegen to be in the lead/at the bottom/right out in front14. (gestylt sein)gut \liegen Haare to stay in place [well]richtig/nicht richtig \liegen to be/not be in the right place15. (bedeckt sein)der Tisch liegt voller Bücher the desk is covered with bookswie breit liegt dieser Seidenstoff? how wide is this silk material?der Stoff liegt quer/90 cm breit the material is on the cross/is 90 cm wide17. ÖKON▪ bei [o um] ... \liegen to cost...▪ zwischen... und... \liegen to cost between... and..., to be priced at between... and...der Preis dürfte [irgendwo] bei 4.500 Euro \liegen the price is likely to be [around] 4,500 eurosdamit \liegen Sie um 185.000 Euro höher that would put the price up by 185,000 eurosdamit \liegen Sie schnell bei 1,3 Millionen Euro Baukosten that would soon push the building costs up to 1.3 million euros18. (begründet sein)▪ an jdm/etw \liegen to be caused [or because of] by sb/sthworan liegt es? why is that?, what is the reason [for that]?es liegt daran, dass... it is because...ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt I don't know what the reason isworan mag es nur \liegen, dass mir immer alles misslingt? why is it that everything I do goes wrong?an mir soll es nicht \liegen! don't let me stop you!, I won't stand in your way!19. (wichtig sein)▪ jdm liegt etw an jdm/etw sb attaches a certain importance to sb/sthdu weißt doch, wie sehr mir daran liegt you know how important it is to mees liegt mir schon etwas an ihr I do care about her [a bit]ihm liegt [einiges] daran, respektiert zu werden it is of [some] importance to him to be respectedjdm ist etwas/nichts/viel an jdm/etw gelegen sb/sth means something/nothing/a lot to sban diesem uninteressanten Stellenangebot war mir nichts gelegen I didn't bother [even] considering this unappealing job offeres liegt jdm nichts/wenig an etw sth doesn't matter at all/much to sb, sth isn't at all/not very important to sbes liegt jdm viel an etw sth matters a lot to sb, sth is very important to sbes liegt ihm sehr viel an seiner Arbeit his job matters a lot to him▪ etw liegt jdm nicht (jd hat kein Talent) sb has no aptitude for sth; (es gefällt jdm nicht) sth doesn't appeal to sb; (jd mag es nicht) sb doesn't like [or care for] sthFranzösisch liegt ihm nicht he has no aptitude for Frenchkörperliche Arbeit liegt ihr weniger she's not really cut out for physical workPeter ist ganz nett, aber er liegt mir irgendwie nicht Peter's nice enough but not really my cup of tea21. (lasten)▪ auf jdm \liegen to weigh down [up]on sbauf ihr liegt eine große Verantwortung a heavy responsibility rests on her shouldersauf ihm scheint ein Fluch zu \liegen there seems to be a curse on himdie Schuld lag schwer auf ihm his guilt weighed heavily on him; s.a. Magen22. (abhängig sein)▪ bei jdm \liegen to be up to sbdas liegt ganz bei dir that is completely up to youdie Entscheidung liegt bei dir/beim Volk the decision rests with you/the peopledie Verantwortung liegt bei dir it's your responsibility23. (stehen, sich verhalten) to bedie Sache liegt ganz anders the situation is quite different; s.a. Ding* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) lie; < person> be lying downwährend der Krankheit musste er liegen — while he was ill he had to lie down all the time
im Krankenhaus/auf Station 6 liegen — be in hospital/in ward 6
[krank] im Bett liegen — be [ill] in bed
[im Bett] liegen bleiben — stay in bed
bewusstlos/bewegungslos liegen bleiben — lie unconscious/motionless
2) (vorhanden sein) liees liegt Schnee auf den Bergen — there is snow [lying] on the hills
wie die Dinge liegen — as things are or stand [at the moment]
die Stadt liegt an der Küste — the town is or lies on the coast
etwas rechts/links liegen lassen — leave something on one's right/left
das Fenster liegt nach vorn/nach Süden/zum Garten — the window is at the front/faces south/faces the garden
es liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun — it is not my intention to do that
das Essen lag mir schwer im Magen — the food/meal lay heavy on my stomach
4) (zeitlich) bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir — I still have that to come/that's all behind me now
5)das liegt an ihm od. bei ihm — it is up to him; (ist seine Schuld) it is his fault
die Verantwortung/Schuld liegt bei ihm — it is his responsibility/fault
an mir soll es nicht liegen — I won't stand in your way; (ich werde mich beteiligen) I'm easy (coll.)
ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt — I don't know what the reason is
woran mag es nur liegen, dass...? — why ever is it that...?
6) (gemäß sein)es liegt mir nicht — it doesn't suit me; it isn't right for me; (es spricht mich nicht an) it doesn't appeal to me; (ich mag es nicht) I don't like it or care for it
es liegt ihm nicht, das zu tun — he does not like doing that; (so etwas tut er nicht) it is not his way to do that
7)daran liegt ihm viel/wenig/nichts — he sets great/little/no store by that; it means a lot/little/nothing to him
an ihm liegt mir schon etwas — I do care about him [a bit]
10)liegen bleiben — < things> stay, be left; (vergessen werden) be left behind; (nicht verkauft werden) remain unsold; (nicht erledigt werden) be left undone; (eine Panne haben) break down
etwas liegen lassen — (vergessen) leave something [behind]; (unerledigt lassen) leave something undone
alles liegen und stehen lassen — drop everything; s. auch Straße 1); liegend
* * *im Liegen lying down;das Liegen bekommt ihm nicht he can’t take all this lying down* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) lie; < person> be lying downim Krankenhaus/auf Station 6 liegen — be in hospital/in ward 6
[krank] im Bett liegen — be [ill] in bed
[im Bett] liegen bleiben — stay in bed
bewusstlos/bewegungslos liegen bleiben — lie unconscious/motionless
2) (vorhanden sein) liees liegt Schnee auf den Bergen — there is snow [lying] on the hills
wie die Dinge liegen — as things are or stand [at the moment]
die Stadt liegt an der Küste — the town is or lies on the coast
etwas rechts/links liegen lassen — leave something on one's right/left
das Fenster liegt nach vorn/nach Süden/zum Garten — the window is at the front/faces south/faces the garden
es liegt nicht in meiner Absicht, das zu tun — it is not my intention to do that
das Essen lag mir schwer im Magen — the food/meal lay heavy on my stomach
4) (zeitlich) bedas liegt noch vor mir/schon hinter mir — I still have that to come/that's all behind me now
5)das liegt an ihm od. bei ihm — it is up to him; (ist seine Schuld) it is his fault
die Verantwortung/Schuld liegt bei ihm — it is his responsibility/fault
an mir soll es nicht liegen — I won't stand in your way; (ich werde mich beteiligen) I'm easy (coll.)
ich weiß nicht, woran es liegt — I don't know what the reason is
woran mag es nur liegen, dass...? — why ever is it that...?
6) (gemäß sein)es liegt mir nicht — it doesn't suit me; it isn't right for me; (es spricht mich nicht an) it doesn't appeal to me; (ich mag es nicht) I don't like it or care for it
es liegt ihm nicht, das zu tun — he does not like doing that; (so etwas tut er nicht) it is not his way to do that
7)daran liegt ihm viel/wenig/nichts — he sets great/little/no store by that; it means a lot/little/nothing to him
an ihm liegt mir schon etwas — I do care about him [a bit]
10)liegen bleiben — < things> stay, be left; (vergessen werden) be left behind; (nicht verkauft werden) remain unsold; (nicht erledigt werden) be left undone; (eine Panne haben) break down
etwas liegen lassen — (vergessen) leave something [behind]; (unerledigt lassen) leave something undone
alles liegen und stehen lassen — drop everything; s. auch Straße 1); liegend
* * *n.recumbency n. -
45 σπεύδω
Aσπευδέμεν Od.24.324
: [tense] fut. (lyr.), Ar.Eq. 926, etc.; Cret. (iii B.C.): [tense] aor. , Pl.Cri. 45c, etc.; [dialect] Ep.σπεῦσα Od.9.250
; subj. σπεύσομεν, for - ωμεν, Il.17.121: [tense] pf. /9.375 (Perga, ii B.C.), Paus.7.15.11:—[voice] Med., A.Ag. 151 (lyr.): [tense] fut.σπεύσομαι Il.15.402
:— [voice] Pass., [tense] pf.ἔσπευσμαι Luc.Am.33
, Gal.12.895.I trans., set going, urge on, hasten,ταῦτα δ' ἅμα χρὴ σπεύδειν Il.13.236
;οἱ δὲ γάμον σπεύδουσιν Od.19.137
, cf. Hdt.1.38; παῦσαι σπεύδων τὰ σπεύδεις ib. 206; ; σ. οἱ μὲν ἴγδιν, οἱ δὲ σίλφιον, οἱ δ' ὄξος procure quickly, get ready, Sol.39; ; σπευσίω ὅτι κα δύναμαι κακὸν τᾷ πόλει SIGl.c. (in Hdt.8.46, Δημοκρίτου σπεύσαντος, an acc. must be supplied).b seek eagerly, strive after, μηδὲν ἄγαν ς. Thgn.335, 401; σ. βίον ἀθάνατον, μακροτέραν ἀρετάν, Pi.P.3.62,I.4(3).13(31);εὐψυχίαν ἀντ' εὐβουλίας E.Supp. 161
;τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Th.5.16
; ;πόλεμον τέκνοις Id.HF 1133
.c promote or further zealously, press or urge on,τι τῶν φέρει φρήν A.Supp. 599
(lyr.);τὸ σὸν σ. ἅμα καὶ τοὐμόν S.El. 251
;τὸ σὸν ἀγαθόν E.Hec. 120
(lyr.); τὸ ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν ἕκαστος ς. Th.1.141;σ. ἀσπούδαστ' ἐπὶ σοὶ δαίμων E.IT 201
(lyr.); τὰ ἐναντία τῇ ἑαυτῶν ὠφελείᾳ ς. And.2.2; in arguing, σεαυτῷ τὰ ἐναντία ς. Pl.Prt. 361a; σ. τοῦτο, ὅπως .. Id.Lg. 687e;μὴ σπεῦδ' ἃ μὴ δεῖ, μηδ' ἃ δεῖ σπεύδειν μένε Men.Mon. 344
: c. dat., οἱ Χαιρέᾳ σπεύδοντες the partisans of Chaereas, Charito 6.1: ἐς τὰ Ἑλλήνων ς. Philostr.VA5.8: folld. by a conj., :—[voice] Med.,σπευδομένα θυσίαν A.Ag. 151
(lyr.): —[voice] Pass.,ξυνὸν πᾶσι ἀγαθὸν σπεύδεται Hdt.7.53
; ἐσπευσμέναι χρεῖαι pressing needs, Luc.Am.33.2 c. acc. et inf., σπεύσατε.. Τεῦκρον ἐν τάχει μολεῖν urge him to come quickly, S.Aj. 804; σπεῦσον.. κάπετόν τιν' ἰδεῖν hasten to look out for.., ib. 1165 (anap.).II more freq. intr., press on, hasten.διὰ δρυμὰ πυκνὰ καὶ ὕλην σπεύδουσ' Il.11.119
, cf. 8.191, 23.414, Hes.Sc. 228; σ. ἀπὸ ῥυτῆρος with loose rein, S.OC 900; ;πεζῇ X.An.3.4.49
, etc.; exert oneself, strive eagerly or anxiously, of warriors fighting, Il.4.232, cf.8.293, etc.; of a smith at work, 18.373; of beasts of draught, 17.745; of bees working, Hes. Th. 597: prov., (troch.); σπεῦδε βραδέως festina lente, Gell.10.11.5; σ. τινί exert oneself for another, Alex.309:—Construct.,1 c. part., σπεῦσε πονησάμενος τὰ ἃ ἔργα (for σπουδαίως ἐπονήσατο) Od.9.250, cf. S.El. 935, E.Med. 761 (anap.), Ar.Ach. 179: reversely, σπεύδων in haste, eagerly,τὼ δὲ σπεύδοντε πετέσθην Il.23.506
;ἵκετο σπεύδων Pi. P.4.95
;εἰς ἀρθμὸν ἐμοὶ.. σπεύδων σπεύδοντί ποθ' ἥξει A.Pr. 193
(anap.);σ. ἐβοήθει X.HG4.3.1
.2 c. inf., to be eager to.., Hes Op.22,673, Pi.O.4.11(14), N.9.21, A.Ag. 601, Hdt.8.41; :—[voice] Med.,σπευδομένα ἀφελεῖν A.Eu. 360
(lyr.).3 c. acc. et inf., to be anxious that..,εἰρήνην ἑωυτοῖσι γενέσθαι Hdt.1.74
; , cf. Pl.Prt. 361a; τὸ λεκτικοὺς γίγνεσθαι τοὺς συνόντας οὐκ ἔσπ. X.Mem.4.3.1: alsoἔσπευσεν τοῦ διατηρηθῆναι τὴν εὐφημίαν αὐτοῖς IG22.1028.83
.4 folld. by ὡς, ὅπως, etc.,σ. ὡς Ζεὺς μήποτ' ἄρξειεν A.Pr. 205
; σ. ὅπως μὴ .. Pl.Grg. 480b; ἵνα.., ἵνα μὴ .., Id.Plt. 264a, Isoc.4.164; ὥστε μή, c. inf., Thphr.Od.57.5 folld. by a Prep., σ. μάχην ἐς show eagerness for.., Il.4.225 ([voice] Med., σπεύσομαι εἰς Ἀχιλῆα, ἵνα .. hasten, 15.402);εἰς ἄφενος σπεύδειν Hes.Op.24
;εἰς ἀρετήν Thgn.403
;ἐς θαλάμους E. Hipp. 182
(anap.);ἐς τὰ πράγματα Id. Ion 599
, etc.;εἰς τὸ αὐτὸ ἡμῖν X.Cyr.1.3.4
;δώματος εἴσω E.Med. 100
(anap.);ἐπί τι Lycurg.57
; περὶ Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος struggle for him, Il.17.121;ὑπέρ τινος IG12(9).903
(Chalcis, ii B.C.); , etc.; alsoσ. ὁδόν IG14.1729
. -
46 trabajador
adj.1 hardworking, laborious, hard-working, industrious.2 working.m.worker, labourer, laborer, workman.* * *► adjetivo1 (que trabaja) working2 (laborioso) hard-working, industrious► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 worker, labourer (US laborer)* * *1. (f. - trabajadora)adj.2. (f. - trabajadora)nounlaborer, worker* * *trabajador, -a1.ADJ hard-working, industrious2.SM / F worker, labourer, laborer (EEUU); (Pol) workertrabajador(a) autónomo/a — self-employed person
trabajador(a) por cuenta ajena — employee, employed person
trabajador(a) portuario/a — docker
* * *I- dora adjetivo ( que trabaja mucho) hard-workingII- dora masculino, femenino workerun trabajador no calificado (AmL) or (Esp) cualificado — an unskilled worker o laborer
* * *I- dora adjetivo ( que trabaja mucho) hard-workingII- dora masculino, femenino workerun trabajador no calificado (AmL) or (Esp) cualificado — an unskilled worker o laborer
* * *trabajador11 = worker, workman [workmen, -pl.], hand, commuter, working man, attendant, working person.Ex: At our library in Minnesota we have clearly identified material that deals with mudpies, leprechauns, senior power, red power, the Chinese New Year, prisoners' rights, and workers' control.
Ex: Visitors would laugh at the workman's jerking and whirling with the mould, but that was where the skill lay.Ex: The clicker paid each man according to what he had set, keeping for himself a share equal to that of the most productive hand.Ex: This town enjoys a relatively placid existence as a well-appointed dormitory for thousands of commuters to a large metropolitan area of 250,000.Ex: As energies became directed to less abstract matters working men began to see libraries as undemocratic and inhospitable institutions.Ex: Other libraries allow bags to be brought in but an attendant is employed to check the contents as the reader leaves the library.Ex: What can one, middle class, working person do to help (in some small way) work towards a more peaceful world?.* buen trabajador = hard worker.* campamento de trabajadores = labour camp.* campamento de trabajadores agrícolas = farm labour camp.* descontento entre los trabajadores = industrial unrest.* desde el punto de vista del trabajador = in the trenches.* día de los trabajadores = Labour Day.* día internacional de los trabajadores = Labour Day.* malestar entre los trabajadores = industrial unrest.* muchos jefes y pocos trabajadores = too many chiefs and not enough Indians.* trabajador a destajo = piecework hand, piece-worker [pieceworker].* trabajador a distancia = teleworker, telecommuter.* trabajador a domicilio = homeworker.* trabajador agrícola = agricultural labourer, farm labourer, farm worker.* trabajador a tiempo parcial = part-timer.* trabajador autónomo = freelancer [free-lancer].* trabajador cualificado contratado de otra empresa = lateral hire.* trabajador de campo = fieldworker [field worker].* trabajador de fábrica = factory worker, factory hand.* trabajador de la industria = industrial worker.* trabajador del campo = farmworker [farm worker], agricultural labourer, farm labourer, farm worker.* trabajador del cobre = coppersmith.* trabajador desde casa = homeworker.* trabajador de temporada = seasonal worker.* trabajador de vivero = nurseryman [nurserymen, -pl.].* trabajador doméstico = domestic worker.* trabajador en el área de cultura = cultural worker.* trabajador en el área de la alfabetización = literacy worker.* trabajador en la agricultura = agricultural worker.* trabajadores = labour [labor, -USA], work group, work-force [workforce], shop floor, labour force, working people.* trabajadores del campo = farm labour force.* trabajador eventual = jobber.* trabajador externo = outworker.* trabajador manual = manual worker.* trabajador normal = line worker.* trabajador por cuenta propia = freelancer [free-lancer].* trabajador por horas = time hand [time-hand].* trabajador por turnos = shift worker.* trabajador sanitario = health-care worker, health worker, health care professional.* trabajador sin titulación específica = non-professional [nonprofessional].* trabajador social = social worker, case worker.* vida como trabajador = working life.trabajador22 = industrious, serious minded, hard-working.Ex: The article 'Books made to order: libraries as publishers' reviews the practice of publishing as an activity for industrious smaller libraries.
Ex: From his description one gets the impression that the inhabitants of Utopia are serious minded and that they read for instruction or for improving their own mind.Ex: Some people like to claim that illegals are just hard-working, decent, honest people.* alumno trabajador = student staff.* clase trabajadora = labouring class.* gente muy trabajadora = hard-working people.* gente trabajadora = toiling crowd.* persona entusiasta y trabajadora = eager beaver.* persona muy trabajadora = hard-working person.* persona no muy lista pero trabajadora = plodder.* sociedad trabajadora = working society.* * *masculine, feminineworkertrabajadores de la construcción construction workersCompuestos:● trabajador autónomo, trabajadora autónomamasculine, feminine self-employed worker o person● trabajador en equipo, trabajadora en equipomasculine, feminine team player● trabajador independiente, trabajadora independientemasculine, feminine self-employed worker o person● trabajador por cuenta ajena, trabajadora por cuenta ajenamasculine, feminine employed person, employee (of a company)● trabajador por cuenta propia, trabajadora por cuenta propiamasculine, feminine self-employed worker o person● trabajador social, trabajadora socialmasculine, feminine ( Méx) social worker* * *
trabajador
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
worker;
un trabajador no calificado (AmL) or (Esp) cualificado an unskilled worker o laborer;
trabajador autónomo self-employed worker o person;
trabajador de medio tiempo (AmL) or (Esp) a tiempo parcial part-time worker;
trabajadora social (Méx) social worker
trabajador,-ora
I adjetivo hard-working, industrious, laborious
II sustantivo masculino y femenino worker, labourer
' trabajador' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
amén
- cada
- cantero
- destinar
- emplear
- fiable
- gomero
- incentivo
- interina
- interino
- laboriosa
- laborioso
- readmitir
- reconversión
- rehabilitar
- sancionar
- trabajadora
- traslado
- autónomo
- concienzudo
- diligente
- ejemplar
- empleado
- eventual
- explotación
- explotar
- jalador
- labrador
- liquidar
- reponer
- secretario
- sustituir
- viñatero
English:
blue-collar
- diligent
- downtime
- hardworking
- industrious
- migrant
- nurseryman
- output
- part-timer
- self-employed
- shift-worker
- skilled
- steady
- steelworker
- take on
- temp
- thorough
- unskilled
- worker
- hard
- laborer
- may
- social
* * *trabajador, -ora♦ adjhard-working;es muy trabajador he's a hard worker, he works hard♦ nm,fworkertrabajador autónomo self-employed person;trabajador por cuenta ajena employee;trabajador por cuenta propia self-employed person;trabajador familiar family worker;trabajador manual manual worker;trabajador social social worker;trabajador a tiempo parcial part-timer, part-time worker♦ nmChile [ave] heron* * *I adj hard-workingII m, trabajadora f worker* * *trabajador, - dora adj: hard-workingtrabajador, - dora n: worker* * *trabajador1 adj hard workingtrabajador2 n worker -
47 ζῆλος
ζῆλος, ου, ὁ, later εος, τό, Ep.Phil.3.6 codd. opt.; [dialect] Dor. [full] ζᾶλος IG12 (5).891, etc.:—A jealousy (= φθόνος), Hes.Op. 195, S.OT 1526: coupled with φθόνος by Democr.191, Lys.2.48, Pl.Phlb. 47e, 50c, Lg. 679c(pl.);εἰς ζῆλον ἰέναι Id.R. 550e
: more usu. in good sense, eager rivalry, emulation, Id.Mx. 242a, Arist.Rh. 1388a30.2 c. gen. pers., zeal for one, ; κατὰ ζῆλον Ἡρακλέους in emulation of him, Plu.Thes.25;ζ. πρός τινα Luc.Dem.Enc.57
: abs., passion, PGrenf.1.1.13 (ii B.C.).3 c. gen. rei, ζῆλον.. γάμων ἔχουσα causing rivalry for my hand, E.Hec. 352;ζ. ἀζήλων καὶ φόβον ἀφόβων Phld.Oec.p.66J.
; ζ. τῶν ἀρίστων emulous desire for.., opp. φυγὴ τῶν χειρόνων, Luc.Ind.17;ἀνδραγαθίας Plu.Cor.4
; soζ. πρός τι Phld.Rh.2.53S.
, Plu.Per.2;ζ. περὶ τὰ στρατιωτικά Str.14.2.27
: pl., ambitions, Phld.Rh.2.54S.5 personified as son of Styx, brother of Βία, Κράτος, Νίκη, Hes.Th. 384.II pride, honour, glory, S.Aj. 503;ζ. καὶ χαρά D.18.217
; τὸν αὐτὸν ἔχει ζῆλον ὁ στέφανος, ib.120;ζῆλον καὶ τιμὴν φέρει τῇ πόλει Id.23.64
, cf. 18.273, 60.33.III spirit,τῆς πολιτείας Plb.4.27.8
: pl., tastes, interests, τοῖς ἀπὸ διαφόρων ἐπιτηδευμάτων, βίων, ζήλων, ἡλικιῶν, Longin.7.4.2 esp. in Lit. Crit., style,τοῦ Ἀσιανοῦ λεγομένου ζήλου Str.14.1.41
, cf. Plu.Ant.2. -
48 περ
περ (A), enclit. Particle, adding force to the word to which it is added, prob. a shortd. form of περί (q. v.) in the sense ofA very much, however much.—Chiefly [dialect] Ep. and Lyr.; also in Trag. with relats. and parts.:1 in Hom. freq. with Adj. and part. ὤν, ἐπεί μ' ἔτεκές γε μινυνθάδιόν π. ἐόντα all shortlived as I am, Il.1.352 ; φίλην π. ἐοῦσαν ib. 587 ;Ἰθάκης κραναῆς π. ἐούσης 3.201
: mostly concessive like καίπερ (q. v.), ἀγαθός π. ἐών however brave thou art, 1.131, al.;κρατερός π. ἐών 15.164
;κύνεός π. ἐών 9.373
; δουρικτητήν π. ἐοῦσαν ib. 343;μέγαν π. ἐόντα 5.625
: so in Trag.,ἄελπτά π. ὄντα A.Supp.55
(lyr.);γενναῖός π. ὤν S.Ph. 1068
: with a Subst.,ἀλόχῳ π. ἐούσῃ Il.1.546
;γυνή π. οὖσα A.Th. 1043
: with Adj. and Subst.,λιγύς π. ἐὼν ἀγορητής Il.2.246
: with καί preceding,καὶ κρατερός π. ἐών 15.195
, etc.: with the part. ὤν omitted, φράδμων π. ἀνήρ however shrewd, 16.638;κρατερός π. 21.63
; χερείονά π. 17.539 ; καὶ θεός π. A.Ag. 1203, cf. 1084 : with parts., ἱεμένων π. however eager, Il.17.292 ; καὶ ἀχνύμενός π. ἑταίρου grieved though he was for.., 8.125.2 intens., ἐλεεινότερός π. more pitiable by far, 24.504 ; μίνυνθά π. for a very little, 1.416, 13.573 ; ὀλίγον π. 11.391 ; πρῶτόν π. first of all, 14.295 ; ὑστάτιόν π. 8.353 ; ὀψέ π. Pi.N.3.80 : to strengthen a negation, οὐδὲ.. π. not even, not at all,οὐδ' ὑμῖν ποταμός π. ἐΰρροος ἀρκέσει Il.21.130
, cf. 8.201, 11.841, 21.410, Od.1.59, 3.236 ;μή ποτε καὶ σὺ γυναικί π. ἤπιος εἶναι 11.441
; ἢν μή π. Hdt.6.57.3 to give emphasis,ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοί π. πονεώμεθα Il.10.70
;ἡμεῖς δ' αὐτοί π. φραζώμεθα 17.712
;σθένος ἀνέρος ἀμφότεροί π. σχῶμεν 21.308
: esp. at any rate, τιμήν π. μοι ὄφελλεν ἐλλυαλίξαι honour ( whatever else) he owed me, 1.353, cf. 2.236, 17.121, 239 ;τόδε π. μοι ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ 8.242
: in imper. clauses with the pers. Pron., ἀλλὰ σύ π. μιν τῖσον at all events, 1.508 : in the apodosis of a conditional sentence,εἰ δέ τοι Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἀπήχθετο.., σὺ δ' ἄλλους π... ἐλέαιρε 9.301
, cf. 11.796, 12.349.II after Conjs. and relat. words, with which it commonly coalesces:1 after hypothetical Conjs., v. εἴπερ.2 after temporal Conjs., ὅτε π. just when, Il.4.259, 5.802, etc.; ἦμος.. π. 11.86; ὅταν π. S.OC 301, etc.; πρίν π. before even, Il.15.588.3 after causal Conjs., v. ἐπείπερ, ἐπειδήπερ ; δι' ὅ τι π. just because, Hdt.4.186.4 after relats., v. ὅσπερ, οἷός περ, ὅσοσπερ, ἔνθαπερ, ὅθιπερ, οὗπερ, ᾗπερ, ὥσπερ.5 after the comp. particle, v. ἤπερ, ἠέπερ.------------------------------------ -
49 ἐντείνω
A stretch or strain tight, esp. of any operation performed with straps or cords,1 ἐνέτεινε τὸν θρόνον [ἱμᾶσι] Hdt.5.25 (cf. ἐντανύω):—more freq. (as always in Hom.) [voice] Pass., δίφρος.. ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέταται is hung on tight-stretched straps. Il.5.728; [κυνέη] ἔντοσθεν ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέτατο στερεῶς was strongly lined inside with tight-stretched straps, 10.263; so [τὰς γεφύρας] ἐδόκεον ἐντεταμένας εὑρήσειν] expected to find the bridge with the mooring-cables taut, Hdt.9.106;σχεδίαι ἐντετ. Id.8.117
;κλίνη ἐντετ. Polyaen.7.14.1
;εἰ ἡ ἔντασις τῶν ῥάβδων χρηστῶς ἐνταθείη Hp.Fract.30
;τράχηλος ἐντετ.
with sinews taut,Phld.
Ir.p.5 W.: metaph., being toned, tempered,Pl.
Phd. 86b, cf. 92a.2 stretch a bow tight, bend it for shooting, A.Fr.83, cf. E.Supp. 886: metaph., καιροῦ πέρα τὸ τόξον ἐ. ib. 745:—[voice] Med., bend one's bow, Id.IA 549 (lyr.), X.Cyr.4.1.3:—[voice] Pass., τόξα ἐντεταμένα bows ready strung, Hdt.2.173, Luc.Scyth.2: hence, com., is ready for action,Ar.
V. 407.b of the strings of the lyre,τῆς νεάτης ἐντεταμένης Arist.Pr. 921b27
.4 ἐ. ἵππον τῷ ἀγωγεῖ hold a horse with tight rein, X. Eq.8.3.II metaph., strain, exert,τὰς ἀκοάς Polyaen.1.21.2
;ἑαυτόν Plu.2.795f
:—[voice] Med.,φωνὴν ἐντεινάμενος Aeschin.2.157
; ἐντεινάμενοι τὴν ἁρμονίαν pitching the tune high, Ar.Nu. 968:—[voice] Pass., πρόθυμοι καὶ ἐντεταμένοι εἰς τὸ ἔργον braced up for action, X.Oec.21.9;τῇ διανοία περί τι Plb.10.3.1
;ἐνταθῆναι περί τινος PSI4.340
(iii B.C.); ἐντεινόμενος on the stretch, eager, opp. ἀνιέμενος, X.Mem.3.10.7, cf. Cyn.7.8; ; πρόσωπον ἐντεταμένον a serious face, Luc.Vit. Auct.10.2 intensify, carry on vigorously,τὴν πολιορκίαν Plu. Luc.14
; excite,θυμὸν ἀνόητον Plu.2.61e
, cf. 464b.2 intr. in [voice] Act., penem erigere, Arist.Pr. 879a11:—[voice] Pass.,εἰκόνες ἐντεταμέναι D.S.1.88
.IV stretch out at or against, πληγὴν ἐ. τινί lay a blow on him, X.An.2.4.11, cf. Lys.Fr.75.4; without πληγήν, attack, Pl.Min. 321a;πύξ τινι D.C.57.22
.V place exactly in, ἐς κύκλον χωρίον τρίγωνον inscribe an area as a triangle in a circle, Pl.Men. 87a ([voice] Pass.).2 esp. put into verse,ἐ. τοὺς Αἰσώπου λόγους Id.Phd. 60d
;ἐ. εἰς ἐλεγεῖον Id.Hipparch. 228d
;τοὺς νόμους εἰς ἔπος Plu.Sol. 3
;ἔπεσιν ἐ. τὴν παραίνεσιν Jul.Or.6.188b
; set to music,ποιήματα εἰς τὰ κιθαρίσματα Pl.Prt. 326b
:—[voice] Med.,Ἰθάκην ἐνετείνατο.. Ομηρος ᾠδῇσιν Hermesian.7.29
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐντείνω
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50 avarus
ăvārus, a, um, adj. ( gen. plur. fem. avarūm, Plaut. Truc. 2, 8, 9 dub.; Speng., aurum) [1. aveo, Gell. 10, 5, 13], eagerly desirous of something, esp. of possessions, avaricious, covetous, greedy (opp. largus, Quadrig. ap. Non. p. 510, 20: avarum et avidum ita discernuntur: avarum semper in reprehensione est;I.avidum autem malis aliquando, aliquando bonis adjungitur,
Non. p. 442, 12 sq.; v. II.; syn.: avidus, cupidus, tenax, sordidus).Lit.:II.meretrix,
Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 5, and Cat. 110, 7; cf.:Carmine formosae, pretio capiuntur avarae,
Tib. 3, 1, 7:leno,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 39:avarus et furax homo,
Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 268:semper avarus eget,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 56:quantum discordet parcus avaro,
id. ib. 2, 2, 194.—With gen.:publicae pecuniae,
Tac. H. 1, 49:caedis,
Claud. B. Get. 606 et saep.— Poet. transf. to inanimate things:fuge litus avarum,
Verg. A. 3, 44 ( = avarorum, Serv.):Troja, i. e. with reference to the perjured avarice of Laomedon,
Ov. M. 11, 208 (cf.:perjura Troja,
Verg. A. 5, 811; Ov. M. 11, 215):fraus,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 37:spes,
id. ib. 4, 11, 25:venter,
id. Ep. 1, 15, 32:mare,
id. C. 3, 29, 61: Acheron. Verg. G. 2, 492:ignis,
Prop. 3, 26, 10 al. —Transf., in the poets sometimes without the access. idea of reproach: Graiis praeter laudem nullius avaris, eager only for glory, Hor.A.P.324:a.agricola,
Verg. G. 1, 48.— Comp.:avariores magistratus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82:ruberes, Viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 157. — Sup.:homo avarissime et spurcissime,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 37.— Adv., covetously, greedily, avariciously, etc.Ante-class. form ăvārĭter, Cato and Quadrig. ap. Non. p. 510, 17:b.ingurgitare,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 35. —Of gluttony:si quis avidus poscit escam avariter,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 12; cf. avaritia, II.—Class. form ăvārē:avare pretium statui arti meae,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 48:aliquid facere,
Cic. Off. 3, 8, 37; Nep. Lys. 4, 1:superbe avareque imperitare victis,
Liv. 21, 1, 3; cf. Curt. 4, 7.— Comp., more eagerly, more greedily:avarius exigere opus,
Col. 1, 7, 1.— Sup.:avarissime horas suas servare,
Sen. Ot. Sap. 32. -
51 σπουδαῖος
σπουδαῖος, α, ον (s. σπουδάζω and the two next entries; σπουδή; Pind., Hdt.+; ins, pap; Ezk 41:25 [σπουδαῖα ξύλα]; TestJud 1:4. Oft. Philo. Jos., Ant. 6, 296 v.l., C. Ap. 1, 214; apolog. exc. Ar.) common in lit. and ins in ref. to exceptional sense of civic responsibility or ἀρετή (cp. Arist., Poetics 1448a; JSmithson, The Moral View of Aristotle’s ‘Poetics’: Journal of the History of Ideas 44, ’83, 3–17; σπουδή 2) pert. to being conscientious in discharging a duty or obligation, eager, zealous, earnest, diligent ἔν τινι 2 Cor 8:22a; σπ. εἴς τι eagerly intent upon someth. Hv 3, 1, 2. πλέον σπουδαῖος even more diligent IPol 3:2.—Comp. σπουδαιότερος very earnest (B-D-F §244, 2; cp. ILegesSacr II, 7, 34 [III A.D.] εὐσεβέστερος) 2 Cor 8:17. πολὺ σπουδαιότερος much more zealous vs. 22b.—For 2 Ti 1:17 v.l., s. σπουδαίως 2.—DELG s.v. σπεύδω. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
52 scharf;
schärfer, am schärfstenI Adj.2. Essen: hot, spicy, highly seasoned; Essig, Senf, Käse: strong; Geruch: acrid, pungent; Säure: caustic; Paprika, Pfeffer: hot; Alkohol: strong; (brennend) sharp; Waschmittel: aggressive; scharfe Saucen picante sauces; scharfe Sachen umg. the hard stuff Sg.; das ist vielleicht ein scharfes Zeug umg. it really burns your throat3. Sinnesorgan etc.: sharp; scharfes Auge, scharfer Blick sharp ( oder keen) eye(s), keen eyesight; ein scharfes Auge haben für have a keen ( oder good) eye for; scharfes Gehör sharp ears, keen sense of hearing; scharfer Beobachter / Denker keen observer / thinker; scharfer Verstand keen ( oder incisive) mind4. Kritik, Zurechtweisung etc.: harsh, severe; (heftig) hard; scharfer Kritiker severe critic; scharfer Protest fierce ( oder sharp oder vehement) protest; schärfsten Protest einlegen protest vehemently; scharfer Widerstand severe ( oder stiff) opposition; in scharfem Ton in a sharp tone5. (durchdringend) Ton: piercing, shrill; scharfer Wind biting ( oder cutting) wind; die Luft ist scharf there’s a nip ( oder bite) in the air6. (hart, stark) Gegensatz: stark; ein scharfer Gegner von... a sworn enemy of...; scharfer Kampf hard fight; scharfe Konkurrenz stiff competition; scharfe Maßnahmen strict ( oder stringent) measures; eine scharfe Satire über... a pungent satire on...; scharfe Bestrafung severe punishment; einen Hund scharf machen train a dog to attack people; ein scharfer Hund an attack dog (trained to attack intruders etc.); umg., fig. hard taskmaster; sie ist eine scharfe Prüferin umg. she’s a demanding ( oder tough) examiner7. (deutlich) sharp, clear; scharfe Umrisse clear ( oder sharp) outlines; scharfe Gesichtszüge sharp ( oder clear-cut) features; das Bild ist nicht ganz scharf the picture isn’t quite sharp ( oder is slightly blurred); eine schärfere Brille brauchen need stronger spectacles; siehe auch gestochen8. (jäh, abrupt) abrupt, sharp; scharfe Kurve sharp bend; scharfe Kurven umg., fig. a sensational figure Sg.9. (schnell) fast; scharfer Ritt hard ride; scharfes Tempo fast ( oder sharp) pace; scharfer Schuss SPORT powerful shot10. umg. (versessen) auf jemanden / etw. scharf sein be keen on (Am. eager about) s.o. / s.th.; stärker: be wild about s.o. / s.th.; ganz scharf darauf sein zu (+ Inf.) umg. be dead keen on (Am. wild about) (+ Ger.), be dead keen to (Am. dying to) (+ Inf.)11. umg. (geil) bes. Brit. randy, horny Sl.; scharf wie Nachbars Lumpi as randy (Am. horny) as a dog on (Am. in) heat; scharfer Film / scharfes Buch / scharfe Wäsche sexy film / book / underwear; jemanden scharf machen turn s.o. on12. umg. (toll) great, cool; scharfe Klamotten / scharfes Auto auch snazzy clothes / car; das ist ja scharf that’s really (Am. real) cool13. LING.: ein scharfes „S“ a German ß characterII Adv.1. sharply etc.; scharf sehen / hören have sharp eyes / ears; scharf geschnitten Profil etc.: clear-cut; scharf anbraten (fry to) seal; scharf bewachen keep a close guard (fig. watch, eye) on; scharf aufpassen pay close attention, keep close watch; scharf ins Auge fassen fix s.o. with one’s eyes; fig. take a close look at s.o. (oder s.th.); jemanden scharf anfassen müssen have to be very strict with s.o.; scharf durchgreifen take tough action ( bei against); gegen jemanden scharf durchgreifen auch clamp down on s.o.; scharf ablehnen flatly reject; scharf verurteilen / kritisieren severely condemn / criticize; scharf formuliert sharply ( oder strongly)worded; scharf nachdenken think hard, have a good think; denkt mal scharf nach umg. put your thinking caps on (for a minute); scharf schießen shoot with live ammunition; in der Diskussion wurde scharf geschossen fig. there were some sharp exchanges during the discussion2. scharf würzen season with hot spices; zu scharf gewürzt too highly seasoned; gerne scharf essen like highly seasoned ( oder very spicy) food3. (genau) sharply, accurately; scharf einstellen FOT. focus (accurately); schärfer stellen Bild: make sharper; Radio: tune in better ( oder more accurately); mit dieser Brille sehe ich nicht scharf I can’t see clearly with these spectacles (Am. glasses); scharf umrissen sharply defined; fig. clear-cut4. (mit Wucht) scharf bremsen brake hard, slam on the brakes; scharf anfahren make a racing start; ein unheimlich scharf geschossener Ball an incredibly powerful shot5. scharf nach rechts / links gehen turn sharp right / left; scharf rechts / links fahren dicht am Straßenrand: keep well in to the right / left, hug the right-hand / left-hand kerb (Am. curb); unkontrolliert: swerve ( oder veer) to the right / left; (abbiegen) turn sharp right / left; scharf an jemandem vorbeifahren shave past s.o.; scharf auf ein Auto auffahren drive right up to a car’s rear bumper, bes. Am. tailgate a car; schärfen -
53 ὁρμή
ὁρμ-ή, ἡ,A rapid motion forwards, onrush, onset, assault,μόγις δέ μευ ἔκφυγεν ὁρμήν Il.9.355
; ἐκ τοῦ αὐτοῦ χωρίου ἡ ὁ. ἔσται the attack, invasion, Hdt.1.11 ;ἡ ἐπὶ βασιλέα ὁ. X.An.3.1.10
; also of an impulse received from another,ἐμέ τ' εἰσορόων καὶ ἐμὴν ποτιδέγμενος ὁ. Il.10.123
, cf. Od.2.403.2 more freq. of things, πυρὸς ὁ. the rage of fire, Il.11.157 ; ὑπὸ κύματος ὁρμῆς by the shock of a wave, Od.5.320 ;ἔγχεος ὁ. Hes.Sc. 365
; but ἐς ὁρμὴν ἔγχεος ἐλθεῖν within my spear's cast, within reach of my spear, Il.5.118 ; ὁ. γονάτων spring of knee, i.e. power to spring or leap, Pi.N.5.20 ; ποδὸς ὁ. speed of foot, E.El. 112 (lyr.): pl., of the tides, Ptol.Tetr.3.II impulse to do a thing, effort,μίνυνθα δέ οἱ γένεθ' ὁρμή Il.4.466
;μελέη δέ μοι ἔσσεται ὁ. Od.5.416
;φιλότητος.. ἄμβροτος ὁ. Emp.35.13
;πίστιος ὁ. Id.114.3
;ἐπεὶ δὲ δαιμονίη τις γίνεται ὁ. Hdt.7.18
;μαινομένᾳ σὺν ὁρμᾷ S.Ant. 135
(lyr.), cf. Tr. 720 ; τίς προσήγαγε χρεία; τίς ὁ.; Id.Ph. 237; οὕτω καθ' ὁρμὴν δρῶσιν, i. e. with so much zeal, ib. 566 ;εἰ.. ἄγοι αὐτὸν ὁ. θειοτέρα Pl.Phdr. 279a
: joined with ἐπιθυμία, Id.Phlb. 35d, Th.3.36 ; μιᾷ ὁ. with one impulse, X.An.3.2.9 ;ἀπὸ μιᾶς ὁ. Th.7.71
;ὑπὸ μιᾷ τῇ ὁ. Luc.Hist.Conscr. 2
: c. gen. objecti, eager desire of or for a thing, Th.7.43, etc.: so with a Prep.,ἡ ὁρμή, ἣν ὁρμᾷς ἐπὶ τοὺς λόγους Pl.Prm. 135d
, cf. 130b ;ἔχειν ὁρμὴν πρός τι Arist.MM 1185a31
, al. ; ὁ. ἐπέπεσέ τισι, c. inf., Th.4.4 ; ὁ. παραστῆσαί τισι εἴς τι or c. inf., Plb.2.48.5, Plu.Cor.33 ; ὁ. σχεῖν, c. inf., Id.Publ.19.2 in Stoic philosophy, appetition, including reasoned choice and irrational impulse, Stoic.3.40, al.3 Pythag. name for 2, Anatolius ap. Theol.Ar. 8.III setting oneself in motion, start on a march, etc., ἐν ὁρμῇ εἶναι to be on the point of starting, X.An. 2.1.3, cf. Arist.Rh. 1393a3 ; ἐπὶ παντὸς ὁρμῇ.. πράγματος at the start of every undertaking, Pl.Ti. 27c ; ἡ ὁ. [τούτων τῶν ἀνέμων] the point at which these winds start, Arist.Mete. 364b5, cf. Pl.R. 511b (pl.). (Cf. Skt. s´rati 'flow'.) -
54 fýst
f. = fýsi; e-m er fýst á at gera e-t, one is desirous of doing (or eager to do) a thing.* * *mod. fýsn, f. = fýsi, Fms. i. 117, xi. 244, Fs. 22. Magn. 468, Str. 66; frá þessa heims fýstum ok girndum. Stj. 148; rangar fýstir, Fms. v. 217, Stj. 149: in eccl. sense the Gr. ἐπιθυμία is sometimes rendered by fýsn (e. g. fýsn holdsins, f. augnanna, 1 John ii. 16; heimrinn og hans f., 17), though more freq. by girnd ( lust): fýsn is used much like Germ. neigung = impulse, inclination: it occurs in a great many compds, as fróðleiks-fýsn, lestrar-f., lærdóms-f., náms-f., desire for knowledge, learning; andleg f., holdleg f., spiritual, carnal desire; kærleiks f.; mannlegar fýsnir, human affections. -
55 KAPP
n. contest, zeal, eagerness, ardour; deila kappi við e-n, brjóta kapp (halda til kapps) við e-n, to contend, contest, with one; með kappi, with ardour; meirr af kappi en forsjá, with more obstinacy than prudence; berjast af miklu kappi, with great ardour; renna í köpp við e-n, to run a race with.* * *n. [a word common to all Teut. languages; A. S. camp; O. H. G. champh; Germ. kampf; Swed. and Dan. kamp; in the Icel. the m is assimilated; and in Danish also kap]:—contest, zeal, eagerness, energy, but throughout with the notion of contest, which is the old sense; even in early Germ. kamph is still duellum, whence it came to mean bellum: deila kappi við e-n, to contend, contest with one; megu vér eigi deila kappi við Hrafnkel, Hrafn. 10; þungt get ek at deila kappi við Hrafnkel um múla-ferli, 11; er hann deildi kappi við Þorgrím goða á Þórness-þingi ok við sonu hans, Ísl. ii. 215; deila kappi við konunga, Fagrsk. 10; mikit er upp tekit, ef þú vill kappi deila við Ólaf Svía-konung ok við Knút, Ó. H. 33; ok ætla þér aldri síðan at deila kappi við oss bræðr, Fs. 57, cp. deila I. 4: brjóta kapp við e-n, to wage war against; hæfir þat ekki konungdómi yðrum at brjóta kapp við kvennmenn, Fagrsk. 10, Fms. vii. 45 (in a verse): at halda til kapps ok jafns við þá höfðingjana, Fb. ii. 46; sögðu honum þat betr sama, at halda eigi til kapps við þá Hofs-menn, Fs. 35: kosta kapps um e-t, to strive.2. a race; in the phrase, bað hann renna í köpp við ( run a race with) Þjálfa, Edda 31; at vit at köppum kenndar vórum, we were noted for our matches, Gs. 14; ekki dýr er þat, at renna mætti í köpp við hann, Karl. 514, cp. Dan. löbe omkaps med en = to run a race.II. eagerness, vehemence; er konungi mikit kapp á því, Eg. 16; eigi veit ek hvar kapp þitt er nú komit, Ld. 166; hann lætr engi mann þora at mæla við sik nema þat eitt er hann vill vera láta, ok hefir hann þar við allt kapp, Ó. H. 68; mæltu þá sumir at honum hlypi kapp í kinn, Sturl. iii. 232; at þat væri konungi vegsemd en eigi fyrir kapps sakir við hann, Eg. 44; honum görðisk svá mikit kapp á þessi veiði, at hann skreið þar eptir allan dag, Ó. H. 85; kapps lystr, eager, Hornklofi; lögðu þeir á þat it mesta kapp hverr betr reið eðr betri hesta átti, Hkr. i. 27; Önundr konungr lagði á þat kapp mikit ok kostnað, at ryðja markir ok byggja eptir ruðin, 44; með kappi ok ágirnd, D. N. i. 3; berjask af miklu kappi, Þiðr. 326; gangask þær tvennar fylkingar at móti með miklu kappi, 328; verja með kappi, Eg. 720; þessi ætlan er meir af kappi en forsjá, Ó. H. 32; var sú veizla gör með enu mesta kappi, 31; hón gékk at með öllu kappi at veita Ólafi konungi, 51; meir sækir þú þetta með fjár-ágirnd ok kappi ( obstinacy) heldr en við góðvild ok drengskap, Nj. 15.III. gen. kapps, intens. kapps-vel, mighty well, Bjarn. (in a verse), Fms. vii. 45 (in a verse); kapps-auðigr, mighty wealthy, Merl. 1. 9; kapps-hár, mighty high (cp. Dan. kjephöj), Lex. Poët.; kona kapps gálig, a very gentle woman, Akv. 6; or even singly.COMPDS: kappsfullr, kappsmaðr. -
56 adpetitus
1. 2. * I. II.Trop.A.A passionate, eager longing or desire for a thing (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic.):B.adpetitus voluptatis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105:sub te erit appetitus ejus,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 7; ib. Ezech. 21, 16.—Hence, without gen.,The power or faculty of desire: duplex est vis animorum atque naturae: una pars in adpetitu posita est, quae est hormê Graece, quae hominem huc atque illuc rapit, altera in ratione, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 28, 101; so id. N. D. 2, 47, 122; id. Div 1, 32.—C.The passions, appetites:ut adpetitus rationi oboediant,
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102; so id. N. D. 2, 12, 34. -
57 appetitus
1. 2. * I. II.Trop.A.A passionate, eager longing or desire for a thing (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic.):B.adpetitus voluptatis,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105:sub te erit appetitus ejus,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 7; ib. Ezech. 21, 16.—Hence, without gen.,The power or faculty of desire: duplex est vis animorum atque naturae: una pars in adpetitu posita est, quae est hormê Graece, quae hominem huc atque illuc rapit, altera in ratione, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 28, 101; so id. N. D. 2, 47, 122; id. Div 1, 32.—C.The passions, appetites:ut adpetitus rationi oboediant,
Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102; so id. N. D. 2, 12, 34. -
58 cupiditas
cŭpĭdĭtas, ātis ( gen. plur. rarely -tatium, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; Sen. Ep. 5, 7), f. [cupidus], a desire, wish, longing, in a good and (more freq.) in a bad sense.I.In a good sense, a longing, desire.(α).With gen.:(β).insatiabilis quaedam veri videndi,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 44:cognoscendi,
id. ib.:imitandi,
id. Brut. 92, 317:mirabilis pugnandi,
Nep. Milt. 5, 1 al.:justi et magni triumphi,
Cic. Pis. 25, 59:gloriae,
id. ib.:mira studiorum,
Tac. Or. 2:cibi,
appetite, Cels. 2, 3 al. —With ad:(γ).tanta cupiditas ad reditum,
Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 9:tanta ad venandum,
Curt. 9, 1, 33.—Absol.:II.nimis flagrare cupiditate,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134:nimis confidere propter cupiditatem,
on account of warm desire, id. Off. 1, 21, 73:de voluntate tuā, ut simul simus, vel studio potius et cupiditate non dubito,
eager longing, id. Att. 12, 26, 1; cf.: tanta erat magnificentia apud opulentiores, cupiditas apud humiliores, devotion, enthusiasm, Auct. B. G. 8, 51 fin. —In a bad sense, a passionate desire, lust, passion, cupidity.A.In gen.(α).With gen.:(β).pecuniae,
Caes. B. G. 6, 22; Quint. 7, 2, 30 al.:praedae,
Caes. B. G. 6, 34:praeceps et lubrica dominandi,
Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 50:laedendi,
Quint. 5, 7, 30:diutius exigendi mercedulas,
id. 12, 11, 14 et saep. —Absol.:b.vel libido vel cupiditas,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 44:vita maxime disjuncta a cupiditate,
id. Rosc. Am. 14, 39:caeca ac temeraria dominatrix animi cupiditas,
id. Inv. 1, 2, 2:mala,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 34:vita hominum sine cupiditate agitabatur,
Sall. C. 2, 1:indomitas cupiditates atque effrenatas habere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 24, § 62; cf.:domitas habere libidines, coërcere omnes cupiditates,
id. de Or. 1, 43, 194 et saep.:P. Naso omni carens cupiditate (i. e. non appetens provinciam),
id. Phil. 3, 10, 25:temeritatem cupiditatemque militum reprehendit,
immoderate love of fighting, Caes. B. G. 7, 52.—Carnal desire, lust, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 21;2.of animals,
Col. 6, 27, 4.—Transf., the object of desire (cf. epithumia):B.alicujus ex inpurissimis faucibus inhonestissimam cupiditatem eripere,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6, § 19; cf. id. Scaur. 14, 45.—In partic.1.A passionate desire for money or other possessions; avarice, cupidity, covetousness:b.nisi ipsos caecos redderet cupiditas et avaritia et audacia,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 101;so with avaritia,
Quint. 12, 1, 6; Suet. Dom. 9:et contemptus pecuniae et cupiditas,
Quint. 7, 2, 30;opp. abstinentia,
Suet. Dom. 9; 10:cupiditas causa sceleris fuit,
Quint. 5, 12, 6 Spald.; 3, 5, 10; 5, 10, 34; Suet. Calig. 44 al.—The passion of love:c.cupiditatis ardor,
Curt. 8, 4, 27:insana,
Val. Max. 7, 3, 10:aliquam non cupiditate tantā diligere, ut, etc.,
Suet. Calig. 24.—Greediness of gain in trade, usury, overreaching, fraud, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9.—d.The lust of power, ambition (post-Aug.):2.non te propria cupiditas, sed aliena utilitas principem fecit,
Plin. Pan. 7.—An undue partiality, spirit of party:(testes) aut sine ullo studio dicebant, aut cum dissimulatione aliquā cupiditatis,
Cic. Fl. 10, 21; 26, 64; id. Planc. 17, 43; Liv. 24, 28, 8. -
59 flagitium
flāgĭtĭum, ii, n. [flagito; cf. Doed. Syn. 2, p. 143; Corss. Ausspr. 1, 398 sq.; orig., burning desire, heat of passion].I.Lit., an eager or furious demand, importunity, urgency (post-Aug. and rare; cf.II.flagitatio): Lentulus credebatur illa militiae flagitia primus aspernari,
Tac. A. 1, 27:pro Plancina cum pudore et flagitio disseruit, matris preces obtendens,
id. ib. 3, 17.—Transf.A.Esp., a shameful or disgraceful act done in the heat of passion; a burning shame, disgraceful thing (class.;B.syn.: scelus, nefas, facinus, maleficium, peccatum, delictum, crimen): quae (convivia) domesticis stupris flagitiisque flagrabunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 32, § 71; so,flagrantissima (with adulteria),
Tac. A. 14, 51; cf.:stupra et adulteria et omne tale flagitium,
Cic. de Sen. 12, 40; id. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 26:domesticis vitiis atque flagitiis se inquinare,
id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72; cf.:homo sceleribus flagitiisque contaminatissimus,
id. Prov. Cons. 6, 14; and id. Rosc. Am. 9, 25:tantum sceleris et tantum flagitii admittere,
id. Att. 10, 3:quae libido ab oculis, quod facinus a manibus umquam tuis, quod flagitium a toto corpore abfuit? etc.,
id. Cat. 1, 6, 13; cf.:Q. Curius, flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus,
Sall. C. 23, 1;so with facinora,
id. ib. 14, 2 Kritz. N. cr.:nihil facinoris, nihil flagitii praetermittere,
Liv. 39, 13, 10; 39, 16, 1:tanta flagitia facere et dicere,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 34, 73:in hoc flagitio versari ipsum videmus Jovem (corresp. to stuprum),
id. ib. 4, 33, 70:in tot flagitia se ingurgitare,
id. Pis. 18, 42.—In gen., any shameful or disgraceful act or thing (without the accessory idea of passion):C.petere honorem pro flagitio more fit,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 28:flagitium fiet, nisi dos dabitur virgini,
id. ib. 3, 1, 11:cum loquimur terni, nihil flagitii dicimus: at cum bini, obscoenum est,
Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:flagitium rei militaris admittere,
id. Clu. 46, 128: flagiti principium est, nudare inter cives corpora, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 33, 70 (Trag. v. 426 ed. Vahl.):nonne id flagitium est, te aliis consilium dare, foris sapere, tibi non posse auxiliarier?
is it not a shame? Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 49:praeesse agro colendo flagitium putes,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 50:quantum flagitii commisisset (for which, shortly before: nihil turpius, quam, etc.),
id. Brut. 61, 219; cf.:ita necesse fuit aut haec flagitia concipere animo aut susceptae philosophiae nomen amittere,
disgraceful assertions, absurdities, id. N. D. 1, 24, 66.—Comically: Co. Fores hae fecerunt magnum flagitium modo. Ad. Quid id est flagitii? Crepuerunt clare, Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 32.— Leg. t. t.: perfectum flagitium, a completed crime (opp. imperfectum), Paul. Sent. 5, 4, 14.—In vulg. lang., concr. like scelus, shame, disgrace, as a term of reproach, i. q. rascal, scoundrel:D.flagitium illud hominis!
Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 8; id. As. 2, 4, 67; id. Cas. 3, 2, 22; id. Men. 3, 2, 24; 5, 1, 9:ipsa quae sis stabulum flagitii,
id. Truc. 2, 7, 31: etiam opprobras vim, flagiti flagrantia, burning shame, i. e. outrageous villain, id. Rud. 3, 4, 28:omnium flagitiorum atque facinorum circum se tamquam stipatorum catervas habebat,
Sall. C. 14, 1.—(Causa pro effectu.) Shame, disgrace (rare but class.):id erat meum factum flagiti plenum et dedecoris,
Cic. Att. 16, 7, 4; cf.:magnum dedecus et flagitium,
id. Off. 3, 22, 86: qui non gloria movemini neque flagitio, Sall. Or. Licin. fin. (p. 236 ed. Gerl.):beatus qui pejus leto flagitium timet,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 50:flagitio additis damnum,
id. ib. 3, 5, 26:quia illa forma matrem familias flagitium sit si sequatur,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 71:facere damni mavolo, Quam obprobramentum aut flagitium muliebre inferri domo,
id. ib. 2, 3, 85; id. Ep. 3, 4, 79:flagitium imperio demere,
Liv. 25, 15, 19:consul moveri flagitio timoris fatendi,
id. 42, 60, 4. -
60 στεῦμαι
στεῦμαι, Epic Verb, used by Hom. only in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., στεῦται, στεῦτο, once by A. in [ per.] 3sg. στεῦται; [ per.] 1sg. στεῦμαι cj. for ὑπισχνοῦμαι in Orph.L.82, [ per.] 3pl. [tense] impf.Aστεῦντο Maiist.60
:—In Il. always with inf. [tense] fut., make as if one would.., promise or threaten that one will..,στεῦται γάρ τι ἔπος ἐρέειν Il.3.83
; ; ;στεῦτο γὰρ.. οἰσέμεν ἔντεα καλά 18.191
;στεῦτο.. ἀπολεψέμεν οὔατα χαλκῷ 21.455
; ; once with inf. [tense] aor., στεῦται δ' Ὀδυσῆος ἀκοῦσαι declares he has heard of O., Od.17.525;στεῦται.. ζυγὸν ἀμφιβαλεῖν δούλιον Ἑλλάδι A.Pers.49
(anap.); with inf. [tense] pres., στεῦται δ' Ἠελίου γόνος ἔμμεναι boasts that he is.., A.R.2.1204; with acc. and inf. [tense] pres., στεῦντο θεοπλήγεσσιν ἐοικότας εἰδώλοισιν ἔμμεναι ἢ λάεσσιν declared that they were.., Maiist. l.c.: abs. once in Od., στεῦτο δὲ διψάων, πιέειν δ' οὐκ εἶχεν ἑλέσθαι he made eager efforts in his thirst, 11.584. (Aristarch. seems to have connected it with ἵστημι: τὸ στεῦτο κατὰ διάνοιαν ὡρίζετο, οὐκ ἐπὶ τῆς τῶν ποδῶν στάσεως, Sch.Il.2.597, cf. Apollon. Lex., Hsch.: but more prob. στεῦτο (from Στεῦστο with dissimilation) corresponds to Ved. asto[snull ][tnull ]a 'solemnly proclaimed concerning himself', [ per.] 3sg. sigmatic [tense] aor. middle of stu-.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > στεῦμαι
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