interactive+effect

Ex: Imagine that there is a graphic to project on the screen or blackboard.

comenzamos el rodaje ayer — we began o started o commenced frm filming yesterday

comenzó la charla con un agradecimiento — she began o started the talk with a word of thanks

¿puedo comenzar? — may I start o begin?, can I start o begin?

el partido comienza a las ocho — the match starts o begins at eight

comenzó a los diez años haciendo recados — he began o started at the age of ten as a messenger boy

al comenzar el año — at the start o beginning of the year

• comenzar a hacer algo — to start o begin doing sth, start o begin to do sth

comencé a trabajar a los dieciocho años — I started o began working at eighteen

los invitados ya han comenzado a llegar — the guests have started arriving o to arrive

• comenzar con algo, la película comienza con una pelea — the film starts o begins with a fight

• para comenzar — to start with

• comenzar por, no sé por dónde comenzar — I don't know where to start o begin

la reforma ha comenzado por la educación — reform has started o begun with education

comenzó por agradecernos nuestra presencia — she started o began by thanking us for coming

comenzar a + inf — to start -ing o to + inf

comenzaron a disparar — they started firing o to fire

comenzar a + inf — to start -ing o to + inf

comenzaron a disparar — they started firing o to fire

Ex: This section has begun to demonstrate some of the problems associated with the author approach.

los han distribuido del siguiente modo — they have been distributed in the following way o frm manner

a mi modo de pensar o ver — in my view, the way I see it

• a mi/tu modo — (in) my/your (own) way

• a modo de — as

• en cierto modo — in a way, to a certain extent

• de cualquier modo — [antes de verbo] anyway, in any case; (=después de verbo) anyhow

de cualquier modo, ahora tenemos que irnos — we have to go now anyway o in any case

hazlo de cualquier modo — do it anyway you like, do it anyhow, do it any old how *

• de modo + adj —

• de ese modo — [antes de verbo] (in) this way; [después de verbo] like that

• grosso modo — broadly speaking

• de mal modo — rudely

• del mismo o de igual modo — in the same way

todos van vestidos del mismo o de igual modo — they are all dressed the same o in the same way

del mismo modo que — in the same way as o that, just as

• de ningún modo o en modo alguno, no quiero de ningún modo o en modo alguno implicarla en esto — I don't want to involve her in this in any way

¡de ningún modo! — certainly not!, no way! *

• de todos modos — anyway, all the same, in any case

aunque no me dejes, me iré de todos modos — even if you don't let me, I'll go anyway o all the same o in any case

¡ni modo! — (=de ninguna manera) no way *, not a chance *; (=no hay otra alternativa) what else can I/you etc do?

• buenos modos — good manners

• malos modos — bad manners

de modo — manner antes de s

me lo pidió de muy mal modo — (AmL) she asked me (for it) very rudely

a modo de: se puso una manta a modo de poncho he put a blanket round his shoulders like a poncho; a modo de introducción by way of introduction; de cualquier modo ( de todas formas) (indep) in any case, anyway; ( sin cuidado) anyhow; del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that); de modo que ( así que) so; ( para que) (+ subj) so that; ¿de modo que se van? so they're going, are they?; de modo que se vean desde aquí so that they can be seen from here; de ningún modo no way; de ningún modo puedo aceptar there's no way I can accept; de todos modos anyway, anyhow; en cierto modo in a way; ni modo (AmL exc CS fam): ¿pudieron entrar? - no, ni modo did they get in? - no, no way (colloq); traté de persuadirlo pero ni modo I tried to persuade him but it was no good; ni modo, yo soy como soy that's tough o too bad, I am the way I am (colloq); ni modo que te quedes aquí — there's no way you're staying here (colloq)

con buenos/malos modos — politely/rudely o impolitely

me lo pidió de muy mal modo — (AmL) she asked me (for it) very rudely

a modo de: se puso una manta a modo de poncho he put a blanket round his shoulders like a poncho; a modo de introducción by way of introduction; de cualquier modo ( de todas formas) (indep) in any case, anyway; ( sin cuidado) anyhow; del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that); de modo que ( así que) so; ( para que) (+ subj) so that; ¿de modo que se van? so they're going, are they?; de modo que se vean desde aquí so that they can be seen from here; de ningún modo no way; de ningún modo puedo aceptar there's no way I can accept; de todos modos anyway, anyhow; en cierto modo in a way; ni modo (AmL exc CS fam): ¿pudieron entrar? - no, ni modo did they get in? - no, no way (colloq); traté de persuadirlo pero ni modo I tried to persuade him but it was no good; ni modo, yo soy como soy that's tough o too bad, I am the way I am (colloq); ni modo que te quedes aquí — there's no way you're staying here (colloq)

con buenos/malos modos — politely/rudely o impolitely

Ex: During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.

Ex: Now, instructors can beam what they write on their whiteboards directly to students' laptops, in effect turning each laptop screen into a portable, interactive slateboard.

Ex: Now, instructors can beam what they write on their whiteboards directly to students' laptops, in effect turning each laptop screen into a portable, interactive slateboard.

avión a o de reacción — jet plane

Ex: The statements are framed one at a time, and feedback is available at each stage, hence the term 'interactive searching'.

Ex: On the other hand, adhering to one of the major schemes carries with it all of the disadvantages of that major scheme.

no llegaron nunca a la portería contraria — they never got near the other o opposing side's goal

se pasó al bando contrario — he went over to the other o opposing side

soy contrario al aborto — I am opposed to o against abortion

su actitud es contraria a los intereses del país — his attitude is against o contrary to the nation's interests

• dirección contraria, tomamos la dirección contraria — we went in the opposite direction

• intereses contrarios — conflicting o opposing interests

• pie contrario, se puso el zapato en el pie contrario — she put her shoe on the wrong foot

• sentido contrario, un coche que venía en sentido contrario — a car coming in the opposite direction

• viento contrario — headwind

• al contrario — on the contrary, quite the opposite

no me disgusta la idea, al contrario, me encanta — I don't dislike the idea, on the contrary o quite the opposite, I think it would be wonderful

antes al contrario, muy al contrario — frm on the contrary

• al contrario de, todo salió al contrario de lo previsto — everything turned out the opposite of what we expected

al contrario que o de ella, yo no estoy dispuesto a aguantar — unlike her, I'm not willing to put up with it

• lo contrario, ¿qué es lo contrario de alto? — what is the opposite of tall?

nunca he dicho lo contrario — I never said anything else o different

salga o, de lo contrario, llamaré a la policía — please leave, otherwise o or else I'll call the police

• por el contrario, los inviernos, por el contrario, son muy fríos — the winters, on the other hand o on the contrary, are very cold

• todo lo contrario — quite the opposite, quite the reverse

-¿es feo? -no, todo lo contrario — "is he ugly?" - "no, quite the opposite o reverse"

no hay descenso de precios, sino todo lo contrario — prices are not going down, quite the opposite o reverse, in fact

contrario a algo: mi opinión es contraria a la suya I feel very differently to you; soy contrario al uso de la violencia I am against the use of violence; se manifestó contrario a la idea she expressed her opposition to the idea; sería contrario a mis intereses it would be against o (frml) contrary to my interests; contrario a lo que se esperaba... contrary to expectations,...; en sentido contrario al de las agujas del reloj counterclockwise (AmE), anticlockwise (BrE); el coche venía en sentido contrario — ( por el otro carril) the car was coming in the opposite direction; ( por el mismo carril) the car was coming straight at us

la parte contraria — (Der) the opposing party

al contrario de: al contrario de su hermano... unlike his brother,...; al contrario de lo que esperábamos,... contrary to (our) expectations,...; todo salió al contrario de como lo planearon it turned out just the opposite to what they had planned; de lo contrario or else, otherwise; por el contrario: en el sur, por el contrario, el clima es seco the south, on the other hand, has a dry climate; pensé que era rico - por el contrario, no tiene un peso I thought he was rich - on the contrary o far from it, he doesn't have a penny; todo lo contrario quite the opposite; llevar la contraria: él siempre tiene que llevar la contraria he always has to take the opposite view; llevarle la contraria a alguien — to contradict somebody